[ { "id": "chelan-county-pud-wa-2015-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Chelan County PUD", "state": "WA", "county": "Chelan County", "lat": 47.423, "lng": -120.31, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2014-12-01", "status": "expired", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Chelan County PUD enacted a moratorium on power requests of 1 MW or more in December 2014, prompted by influx of bitcoin miners drawn to cheap hydropower. Led to creation of a High Density Load rate in 2016. A second moratorium was imposed March 2018 when applications surged again. 28+ unauthorized operations identified; 19 shut down with $5K-10K enforcement fees.", "sources": [ "https://www.chelanpud.org/my-pud-services/rates-and-policies/high-density-loads", "https://www.ncwlife.com/news/chelan-pud-imposes-bitcoin-mining-moratorium/article_ab34b346-d437-589b-9121-3a57bdf1a301.html", "https://mrsc.org/stay-informed/mrsc-insight/may-2018/bitcoin-comes-to-washington" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-03-09", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Pause crypto mining in Chelan County PUD pending regulations", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "city-of-east-wenatchee-wa-2018-03-01", "jurisdiction": "City of East Wenatchee", "state": "WA", "county": "Douglas County", "lat": 47.398, "lng": -120.294, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2018-03-01", "status": "expired", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "East Wenatchee Council passed a 6-month interim zoning ordinance restricting cryptocurrency operations to Central Business and General Commercial districts only, and prohibiting use of cargo containers for crypto mining. Part of a broader regional wave: Wenatchee, Leavenworth, Entiat, Waterville, and Chelan also passed emergency controls.", "sources": [ "https://www.wenatcheeworld.com/news/local/cryptocurrency-temporarily-banned-in-east-wenatchee-residential-zones/article_13d14c5b-9597-5bac-aa93-2784c8251565.html", "https://www.ncwlife.com/news/east-wenatchee-passes-bitcoin-zoning-ordinance/article_1dc9a008-a6e5-5d08-a5c4-67c3dc64f300.html", "https://mrsc.org/stay-informed/mrsc-insight/may-2018/bitcoin-comes-to-washington" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-03-09", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Ban crypto mining from residential zones in East Wenatchee", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "franklin-county-tn-2022-04-01", "jurisdiction": "Franklin County", "state": "TN", "county": "Franklin County", "lat": 35.1492, "lng": -86.0553, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2022-04-01", "status": "defeated", "company": "Red Dog Technologies", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Bitcoin Mining Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 70, "megawatts": 35, "acreage": 9, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Spring Creek Road Residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Franklin County Commission denied rezoning for Red Dog Technologies' proposed Bitcoin mining data center near Tullahoma. Residents said noise would be unbearable and damage property values. The denial was one of the early examples of local opposition to crypto mining data centers in Tennessee. The project involves a 35 MW capacity, $70 million in investment. Opposition was led by Spring Creek Road Residents.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/officials-in-franklin-county-tennessee-deny-zoning-request-for-cryptomine-data-center/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "noise", "zoning", "property_values" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Deny Red Dog Technologies rezoning for data center in Franklin County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "town-of-groton-ct-2022-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Town of Groton", "state": "CT", "county": "New London County", "lat": 41.35, "lng": -72.079, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2022-06-15", "status": "expired", "company": "NE Edge", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 173, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Groton Open Space Association", "Groton Conservation Advocates" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Groton Planning and Zoning Commission placed a 1-year moratorium on data centers larger than 5,000 sq ft in June 2022. Previously, data centers were classified as \"telecommunications facilities.\" Replaced by permanent data center zoning regulations adopted July 2023 (Section 5.1-6.F). Groton now has an active data center Host Municipality Fee Agreement. The project involves the NE Edge proposal, 160 MW capacity.", "sources": [ "https://ctexaminer.com/2022/06/15/groton-approves-one-year-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/groton-connecticut-announces-year-long-moratorium-on-large-data-centers/", "https://www.greatergroton.com/data-centers-in-groton" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "contract_guarantees", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Impose 1-year data centers moratorium in Town of Groton", "community_outcome": "win", "energy_mw": 160 }, { "id": "clay-county-nc-2022-08-04", "jurisdiction": "Clay County", "state": "NC", "county": "Clay County", "lat": 35.057, "lng": -83.748, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2022-08-04", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Clay County unanimously approved a permanent ban on commercial cryptocurrency mining facilities in August 2022. Prompted by noise, electricity, and waste problems from crypto mines in neighboring Cherokee County. Residential/personal crypto mining is exempted. Key concerns driving this action include environmental impacts. The community successfully achieved its objective.", "sources": [ "https://www.claycountyprogress.com/local/no-commercial-crypto-mining-allowed", "https://www.cherokeescout.com/local/clay-bans-commercial-crypto-mining-facilities-county" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-03-09", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Ban commercial crypto mining in Clay County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "henderson-county-nc-2023-05-01", "jurisdiction": "Henderson County", "state": "NC", "county": "Henderson County", "lat": 35.327, "lng": -82.48, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2023-05-01", "status": "expired", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Henderson County passed a 60-day moratorium on cryptocurrency mining on May 1, 2023, citing noise, energy, and e-waste concerns. The moratorium was replaced by permanent Land Development Code amendments establishing zoning requirements for crypto mining. State Sen. Tim Moffitt also sponsored SB 774 granting Henderson, Polk, and Rutherford counties authority to regulate crypto mining.", "sources": [ "https://www.foxcarolina.com/2023/05/01/henderson-county-hold-public-hearing-cryptocurrency-mining/", "https://www.hendersoncountync.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/planning_board/meeting/136698/4.20.23_plbd_item_-_text_amendment_for_cryptocurrency_mining.pdf" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-03-09", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 60-day crypto mining moratorium in Henderson County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "buncombe-county-nc-2023-05-01", "jurisdiction": "Buncombe County", "state": "NC", "county": "Buncombe County", "lat": 35.601, "lng": -82.551, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2023-05-02", "status": "expired", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "MountainTrue" ], "opposition_website": "https://mountaintrue.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/MountainTrue/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Buncombe County (Asheville area) unanimously passed a 1-year moratorium on cryptocurrency mining on May 2, 2023. Extended in May 2024 for another year through May 2025. The county developed permanent regulations to replace the moratorium. Commissioner Terri Wells proposed the moratorium after hearing complaints from Cherokee County residents.", "sources": [ "https://mountainx.com/news/commissioners-approve-one-year-ban-on-crypto-mining/", "https://www.bpr.org/bpr-news/2024-05-08/last-night-at-commission-buncombe-extends-moratorium-on-cryptocurrency-mining" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 1-year crypto mining moratorium in Buncombe County", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 7862 }, { "id": "city-of-harrison-ar-2023-05-01", "jurisdiction": "City of Harrison", "state": "AR", "county": "Boone County", "lat": 36.23, "lng": -93.107, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2023-05-25", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Green Digital LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 5, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Secure Arkansas" ], "opposition_website": "https://securetherepublic.com/arkansas/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/securearkansas/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Harrison passed a moratorium on data centers and crypto mining on May 25, 2023 after hundreds of residents objected to a Green Digital LLC crypto facility (a subsidiary with Chinese Communist Party ownership ties). The moratorium was actively removed on Nov 28, 2023 (~6 months in) after Arkansas Act 851 (\"Right to Mine\" law) preempted local regulation of crypto mining. The project involves 5 acres.", "sources": [ "https://harrisondaily.com/stories/more-about-moratorium-on-crypto,204197", "https://www.ky3.com/2023/11/29/harrison-ark-city-council-votes-remove-moratorium-crypto-mining-center-during-special-meeting/", "https://katv.com/news/local/arkansas-towns-vs-chinese-supercomputers-how-recent-legislation-removes-local-governments-ability-to-regulate-cryptocurrency-mines-antbox-group-green-digital-llc-nancy-cartwright-harrison-vilonia-metahash-global-act-851-hb-1799-sarah-huckabee-sanders" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-03-09", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 6 month data centers and crypto mining moratorium in City of Harrison (Green Digital)", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "cascade-locks-port-authority-or-2023-07-01", "jurisdiction": "Cascade Locks Port Authority", "state": "OR", "county": "Hood River County", "lat": 45.6696, "lng": -121.891, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2023-07-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Roundhouse Digital Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 100, "megawatts": 10, "acreage": 10, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Friends of the Columbia Gorge" ], "opposition_website": "https://gorgefriends.org/who-we-are/shutting-down-a-data-center-proposal-in-cascade-locks.html", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/gorgefriends/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Roundhouse Digital Infrastructure planned a $100M, 10MW data center at the Port of Cascade Locks in the Columbia River Gorge, about 40 miles east of Portland. The facility would have more than doubled the area's power draw. Residents raised concerns about electricity supply impacts, the developer's lack of experience, and unclear funding. Opposition was a key issue in local elections that saw voters recall two officials who backed the project, with two other data center advocates losing re-election bids. Following the recall, the new port authority board canceled the project in July 2023. Friends of the Columbia Gorge was a key opposition group. The project involves 10 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/cascade-locks-port-authority-cancels-plans-for-data-center-in-oregon/", "https://www.bisnow.com/national/news/data-center/local-opposition-kills-100m-oregon-data-center-119928", "https://gorgefriends.org/who-we-are/shutting-down-a-data-center-proposal-in-cascade-locks.html", "https://www.portofcascadelocks.gov/july-20-2023-cascade-locks-port-and-roundhouse-inc-jointly-announce-decision-to-discontinue-datacenter-project" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-03-04", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "voters", "objective": "Recall officials who approved Roundhouse Digital data center", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 36663 }, { "id": "waterford-ct-2024-01-09", "jurisdiction": "Waterford / East Lyme", "state": "CT", "county": "New London County", "lat": 41.362, "lng": -72.149, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2024-01-09", "status": "defeated", "company": "NE Edge", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 231, "megawatts": 300, "acreage": 55, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Concerned Citizens of Waterford and East Lyme (CCWEL)" ], "opposition_website": "https://sites.google.com/view/ccwel-resources/home", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/334197669329172/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "CT Siting Council denied Dominion Energy's petition to modify Millstone Power Station boundaries for NE Edge's 1.5M sq ft hyperscale data center (300MW, ~15% of reactor output). Concerned Citizens of Waterford and East Lyme (CCWEL) organized opposition. The project involves 55 acres. The community's stated objective was to deny NE Edge 300MW data center at Millstone Power Station.", "sources": [ "https://www.theday.com/local-news/20240109/siting-council-deals-initial-blow-to-waterford-data-center-project/", "https://ctmirror.org/2024/04/19/ct-data-center-nuclear-plant-bill/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-15", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "investment_usd": 231000000, "energy_mw": 300, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Deny NE Edge 300MW data center at Millstone Power Station", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "santa-clara-ca-2024-03-06", "jurisdiction": "Santa Clara (GI Partners)", "state": "CA", "county": "Santa Clara County", "lat": 37.354, "lng": -121.955, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2024-03-06", "status": "approved", "company": "GI Partners", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 72, "acreage": 5, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Santa Clara Planning Commission denied a 72MW data center permit at 2805 Bowers Ave (3-2 in favor; failed the required 4-vote majority, so the permit was denied). Chair noted the city has 50+ data centers consuming 60% of its energy and asked 'when is it too many?' GI Partners appealed; City Council approved the project Aug 29, 2024. The community's stated objective was to uphold denial of GI Partners data center on appeal. The project involves 5 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.svvoice.com/planning-commission-blocks-data-center-project/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/gi-partners-secures-planning-permission-for-72mw-data-center-in-santa-clara-california/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Uphold denial of GI Partners data center on appeal", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "adair-county-ia-2024-04-24", "jurisdiction": "Adair County", "state": "IA", "county": "Adair County", "lat": 41.331, "lng": -94.471, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2024-04-24", "status": "active", "company": "Applied Digital", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1500, "megawatts": 200, "acreage": 200, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Adair County Residents (ad hoc)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Applied Digital proposed a 200MW, $1.5B data center with two 300,000 sq ft buildings adjacent to a NextEra substation connected to wind farms in Guthrie and Audubon counties. Supervisors drafted a setback ordinance after a county meeting on April 2, 2024, but put it on hold after the third reading was not completed, opting to consult further with legal counsel. As of early 2026, no formal ordinance has been adopted and the county still has no comprehensive zoning plan, leaving limited regulatory tools to govern the project. The project remains in early-stage limbo with no public groundbreaking confirmed.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/applied-digital-faces-opposition-to-planned-data-center-in-adair-county-iowa/", "https://westerniowatoday.com/2024/04/10/adair-county-supervisors-discuss-proposed-data-center-and-set-public-hearing-on-an-ordinance-creating-setbacks/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 1200-foot data center setbacks in Adair County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "maricopa-county-az-2024-05-01", "jurisdiction": "Maricopa County", "state": "AZ", "county": "Maricopa County", "lat": 33.3484, "lng": -112.4955, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2024-05-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Tract", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Range", "investment_million_usd": 14000, "megawatts": 1800, "acreage": 1000, "building_sq_ft": 5600000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "City of Goodyear (official opposition)", "City of Buckeye (official opposition)", "Buckeye Residents Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Tract withdrew its $14B 'Project Range' application for a 30-building, 5.6M sq ft data center campus on ~1,000 acres near Yuma and Perryville roads in unincorporated Maricopa County. Adjacent cities of Goodyear, Arizona, and Buckeye sent letters voicing concerns about the project, citing 'incompatibility' with surrounding residential neighborhoods and concerns about building heights, noise, and emergency resources. Denver-based Tract subsequently announced a 1,700-acre alternative campus in Buckeye south of I-10.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/tract-announces-18gw-data-center-park-in-phoenix-arizona/", "https://therealdeal.com/national/phoenix/2024/05/02/tract-drops-14b-plan-to-build-data-centers-outside-phoenix/", "https://www.abc15.com/news/business/14-billion-west-valley-data-center-project-request-withdrawn-after-cities-push-back", "https://www.abc15.com/news/region-west-valley/community-concerned-over-major-new-data-center-project", "https://www.yourvalley.net/goodyear-independent/stories/developer-pulls-goodyear-area-data-center-application-amid-grassroots-municipal-opposition,506154", "https://www.yourvalley.net/stories/goodyear-area-529-acre-ai-data-center-campus-application-draws-opposition-water,484602" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 1000, "investment_usd": 14000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "noise", "zoning", "water" ], "authority_level": "developer", "objective": "Block Tract data center through opposition in Maricopa County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "town-of-chesterton-in-2024-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Town of Chesterton", "state": "IN", "county": "Porter County", "lat": 41.6103, "lng": -87.0642, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2024-06-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Provident Realty Advisors", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Brassie Golf Course Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 1300, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 200, "building_sq_ft": 1200000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 200, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Action Coalition", "Stop Duneland and Valpo/Wheeler Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/cacindiana", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": "https://x.com/cacindiana", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-chesterton-data-center-campus", "petition_signatures": 118, "summary": "Provident Realty Advisors proposed a $1.3B data center on the 200-acre former Brassie Golf Course site along Pearson Road. The plan called for eight buildings at 150,000 sq ft each with backup generators. At a Memorial Day meeting, 60-75 residents gathered at Dogwood Park voicing concerns about noise, air quality, water, wetlands, wildlife, property values, and mental health impacts. The developer proposed landscaping buffers and noise suppressors. The Town Council declared it could 'never support this project' at its current scale, and Provident abandoned the proposal on June 10, 2024. The developer subsequently moved to Burns Harbor with a similar proposal.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/application-for-13bn-data-center-in-chesterton-indiana-withdrawn/", "https://www.nwitimes.com/news/local/business/brassie-golf-course-provident-realty-advisors-data-center/article_f3650940-19d5-11ef-a122-d76b20ae0b48.html", "https://www.nwitimes.com/news/local/jenny-hansen-chesterton-data-center-provident-realty-advisors/article_74c63836-1d16-11ef-87f9-fbc5e91dccff.html", "https://www.foxcarolina.com/2026/02/12/threat-our-community-canton-halts-data-center-construction-with-one-year-moratorium/", "https://nclocal.org/2026/02/12/town-of-canton-blocks-any-potential-data-center-for-one-year/", "https://www.nwitimes.com/news/local/business/chesterton-data-center-provident-realty-advisors/article_cfa2c0e8-27e4-11ef-82c9-13d5c84f02ce.html", "https://www.chicagotribune.com/2024/06/16/different-receptions-for-1-billion-investments-data-center-proposals-welcomed-in-laporte-but-not-in-chesterton/", "https://www.inkfreenews.com/2025/05/05/data-center-wave-stalls-as-indiana-communities-push-back/", "https://www.citact.org/about", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-chesterton-data-center-campus", "https://www.insideindianabusiness.com/articles/chesterton-data-center-project-withdrawn", "https://www.nwitimes.com/news/local/business/data-center-provident-realty-advisors-chesterton/article_da2f9234-1f42-11ef-b4ef-f35b554f7907.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "investment_usd": 1300000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "environmental", "noise", "traffic", "water", "air_quality", "property_values" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Community pressure forces Provident Realty Advisors to withdraw in Town of Chesterton", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 5096 }, { "id": "dekalb-county-tn-2024-06-01", "jurisdiction": "DeKalb County", "state": "TN", "county": "DeKalb County", "lat": 35.982, "lng": -85.832, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2024-06-01", "status": "expired", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "DeKalb County, Tennessee, Commission, considered data center regulations proposed by County Mayor Matt Adcock after receiving an inquiry about a nuclear-powered data center. The proposed resolution would prohibit data centers within 5,000 feet of residences, schools, daycares, parks, churches, commercial, or industrial establishments. Commissioner Tom Chandler called the resolution 'a sham' arguing the 5,000-foot restriction makes permit approval impossible anywhere in the county. The commission has continued to defer action on the resolution and has not adopted a final ordinance as of early 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.wjle.com/county-commission-to-renew-discussion-about-proposed-data-center-regulations-view-video-here/", "https://www.wjle.com/dekalb-location-regulations-on-quarries-and-other-operations-now-unenforceable-after-state-supreme-court-ruling-in-grundy-county-case/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "noise" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 5000-foot data center setbacks in DeKalb County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "clinton-county-ia-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Clinton County", "state": "IA", "county": "Clinton County", "lat": 41.894, "lng": -90.534, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-12-08", "status": "active", "company": "NextEra Energy / Clinton County Wind LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Clinton County enacted a moratorium on wind project applications on June 10, 2024, extended multiple times through September 2025, prompted by NextEra Energy and Sky Pilot Wind/Ranger Power outreach to Delmar and Grand Mound residents. A separate resolution to end the county's data mining facility moratorium was presented on December 8, 2025, but no action was taken — the data center moratorium remains in effect. Iowa is seeing a statewide wave of data center regulation, with Linn County adopting one of the nation's strictest local zoning ordinances in February 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.clintonherald.com/news/county-supervisors-place-moratorium-on-wind-project-applications/article_1a96408a-29d3-11ef-9b45-47e3bc50532b.html", "https://www.clintonherald.com/news/local_news/clinton-county-extends-wind-energy-moratorium/article_daa9b8a4-8f7b-4e0a-a574-d86e0bddba4a.html", "https://www.clintonherald.com/news/local_news/county-adopts-new-wind-turbine-rules-developer-warns-of-litigation/article_c8dbdae2-84ed-43e4-a7f0-1f14eeef93b7.html", "https://clintoncounty-ia.gov/files/meetings/2025-12-08_minutes_825.pdf" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause wind energy projects in Clinton County pending regulations", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "city-of-atlanta-ga-2024-09-01", "jurisdiction": "City of Atlanta", "state": "GA", "county": "Fulton County", "lat": 33.749, "lng": -84.388, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2024-09-01", "status": "passed", "company": "Multiple (QTS, Switch, CyrusOne, and others)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter", "Science for Georgia" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/Sci4GA/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Atlanta City Council enacted data center zoning restrictions in phases. In September 2024, data centers were prohibited within 2,640 feet of high-capacity transit stops and banned within the Beltline Overlay District. In June 2025, the council expanded restrictions by requiring special-use permits for all data center construction and outright barring projects in Little Five Points and East Atlanta Village neighborhoods. The ordinances apply to major operators including QTS, Switch, and others.", "sources": [ "https://www.gpb.org/news/2024/09/04/atlanta-city-council-bans-data-centers-along-beltline", "https://www.axios.com/local/atlanta/2024/09/05/atlanta-data-center-ban-beltline-central-business-district", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/atlanta-city-council-passes-rules-limiting-data-center-locations/", "https://atlanta.capitalbnews.org/atlanta-communities-fight-data-centers/", "https://roughdraftatlanta.com/2024/12/03/atlanta-data-center-proposal/", "https://citycouncil.atlantaga.gov/Home/Components/News/News/3928/", "https://www.ajc.com/news/2025/06/atlanta-expands-restrictions-on-where-developers-can-build-data-centers/", "https://www.bondbuyer.com/news/data-center-developments-in-atlanta-draw-questions-opposition" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Ban data centers near MARTA stops and Beltline in Atlanta", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 7500 }, { "id": "fairfax-county-va-2024-09-01", "jurisdiction": "Fairfax County", "state": "VA", "county": "Fairfax County", "lat": 38.8462, "lng": -77.3064, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2024-09-10", "status": "passed", "company": "Starwood Capital Group (SCG Global Holdings LLC)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Plaza 500 Data Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 42, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Save Bren Mar Coalition", "Sierra Club Virginia Chapter", "Rose Hill Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://sites.google.com/view/savebrenmar/home", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Fairfax County Board of Supervisors adopted a Data Centers Zoning Ordinance Amendment on September 10, 2024, requiring a special exception for almost all data centers. The amendment imposes new restrictions on design, setbacks from residential uses, noise, and environmental concerns. Starwood Capital Group continues expanding in the county, converting a former NFL practice facility into data centers and proposing to buy 41.7 acres of county-owned land for $166.8M. The Plaza 500 site plan (461,444 sq ft) proceeds under pre-amendment by-right rules. The project involves 42 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterfrontier.com/site-selection/article/55139905/northern-virginias-fairfax-county-tightens-data-center-rules", "https://www.hklaw.com/en/insights/publications/2024/09/fairfax-county-virginia-approves-updated-zoning-regulations", "https://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/planning-development/data-centers", "https://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/board-supervisors-approves-new-data-center-zoning-ordinance-amendment", "https://sites.google.com/view/savebrenmar/home", "https://www.fairfaxtimes.com/articles/fairfax_county/community-rallies-against-county-s-data-center-expansion/article_97db5e00-2419-11ef-b7b5-7b7a8975d46f.html", "https://rosehillcoalition.org/rose-hill-planning-district/data-centers-in-fairfax-county/", "https://annandaletoday.com/community-speaks-out-against-plaza-500-data-center/", "https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/management/fairfax-county-residents-push-back-on-data-center-zoning", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/starwood-looks-to-buy-county-owned-land-in-fairfax-virginia-for-data-center-development/", "https://www.foxessellfaster.com/blog/1668-million-deal-developer-eyes-fairfax-county-police-training-campus-in-chantilly-for-massive-data-center-project/" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "investment_usd": 166800000, "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "environmental", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 200-foot data center setbacks in Fairfax County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "morton-county-nd-2024-09-01", "jurisdiction": "Morton County", "state": "ND", "county": "Morton County", "lat": 46.713, "lng": -101.28, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2024-09-01", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Morton County adopted a moratorium on data centers and cryptocurrency mining facilities in September 2024. The moratorium prevents permitting of these facilities until the county establishes local zoning regulations. The action came alongside a moratorium on direct air carbon capture facilities (adopted July 2024) after controversy over a Colorado company's special use permit application. County officials stated the moratoriums aim to develop local land use protections for residents, not block development entirely.", "sources": [ "https://www.govtech.com/policy/morton-county-n-d-will-consider-data-center-moratorium", "https://bismarcktribune.com/news/community/mandannews/carbon-capture-data-center-moratorium-morton-county/article_71da3208-1d20-11ef-842b-c363d5088882.html", "https://bismarcktribune.com/news/state-regional/morton-county-hold-public-hearing-data-center-moratorium/article_c37d4074-58bb-11ef-bf47-03f5dd52259d.html" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose indefinite data centers moratorium in Morton County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "jackson-county-ia-2025-03-01", "jurisdiction": "Jackson County", "state": "IA", "county": "Jackson County", "lat": 42.167, "lng": -90.576, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2024-09-17", "status": "expired", "company": "Simple Mining", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Jackson County enacted a data mining facility moratorium in September 2024 (Resolution #1066), which was lifted in November 2024 after supervisors and county staff studied the issue. The moratorium was described as a 'pause for fact-finding,' not a permanent stop. Simple Mining subsequently outlined plans for a data-mining facility at the Manchester Industrial Park, with the site plan receiving approval from the Manchester City Council. The facility would be the largest of Cedar Falls-based Simple Mining's operations.", "sources": [ "https://jacksoncounty.iowa.gov/supervisors/resolutions/", "https://jacksoncounty.iowa.gov/files/meetings/2025-05-19_minutes_9199.pdf", "https://www.telegraphherald.com/news/tri-state/article_efb5a5f4-c946-11ef-bf6a-8f5650901c78.html" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause data centers in Jackson County pending regulations", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "city-of-thorndale-tx-2024-10-01", "jurisdiction": "City of Thorndale", "state": "TX", "county": "Milam County", "lat": 30.6138, "lng": -97.2053, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2024-10-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Data Factory Austin", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 15, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Thorndale residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/halt-data-factory-austin-s-proposed-bitcoin-factory-in-thorndale", "petition_signatures": 1084, "summary": "Data Factory Austin proceeded with bitcoin mining near Thorndale despite city opposition. The city passed a resolution voicing concerns about the 15 MW facility, and residents launched a Change.org petition. However, Data Factory leased a 10-acre site 2.5 miles north of Thorndale on FM 486 and began operations. Existing noise complaints from a 10 MW Data Factory mine near Rockdale peaked at 99 decibels. The company plans to expand from 15 MW to 35 MW by 2026 and add GPU-powered data centers. Thorndale lacks jurisdiction over the site outside city limits.", "sources": [ "https://theminermag.com/news/2024-10-11/thorndale-bitcoin-mine-oppose", "https://www.kxxv.com/news/local-news/in-your-neighborhood/thorndale-residents-voice-concerns-over-proposed-bitcoin-mining-company", "https://www.change.org/p/halt-data-factory-austin-s-proposed-bitcoin-factory-in-thorndale", "https://www.texasobserver.org/crypto-energy-grid-texas-bitcoin-water/" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Pass resolution opposing Data Factory Austin bitcoin mine", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "status_uncertain", "note": "project was called off; status revised from 'approved' to 'cancelled'", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "city-of-peculiar-mo-2024-10-01", "jurisdiction": "City of Peculiar", "state": "MO", "county": "Cass County", "lat": 38.7192, "lng": -94.4577, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2024-10-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Diode Ventures", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Harper Road Technology Park", "investment_million_usd": 1500, "megawatts": 750, "acreage": 500, "building_sq_ft": 2100000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Don't Dump Data in Peculiar" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/793524146302835/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/don-t-dump-data-on-peculiar", "petition_signatures": 475, "summary": "Peculiar originally added a 'data center' definition to its light industrial zoning, enabling Diode Ventures' proposed $1.5B Harper Road Technology Park — a 500-acre campus with multiple buildings next to homes and businesses. A Facebook group called 'Don't Dump Data in Peculiar' grew to nearly 1,000 members (about 1/6 of the city's population). After hundreds of residents called on local leaders to reverse course, the Planning Commission Board announced on October 3, 2024 an ordinance removing data centers from the zoning code, effectively blocking the project. The mayor claimed aldermen were pressured by a 'boisterous and ill-informed group.' The project involves 750 MW capacity. Hyperscaler not named in sources; Meta/Diode link documented only for nearby Kansas City project.", "sources": [ "https://www.kshb.com/news/local-news/peculiar-reverses-zoning-for-data-center-after-cries-from-neighbors", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/peculiar-officials-in-missouri-remove-data-centers-from-ordinance-blocking-15bn-diode-project/", "https://www.change.org/p/don-t-dump-data-on-peculiar", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/peculiar-data-center-faces-opposition-in-missouri/", "https://www.diodeventures.com/projects/gptp", "https://baxtel.com/data-center/diode-ventures-peculiar-mo" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook_members": 1000, "investment_usd": 1500000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Restrict Diode Ventures 500-acre data center in City of Peculiar", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "jones-county-ia-2024-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Jones County", "state": "IA", "county": "Jones County", "lat": 42.122, "lng": -91.129, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-05-13", "status": "expired", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Jones County enacted a moratorium on data center development circa October 2024. The moratorium was replaced by a permanent Cryptocurrency and Data Center Ordinance restricting such facilities to agricultural, commercial, and industrial zoning districts via Special Permitted Use application. Key concerns driving this action include community impacts. The community successfully achieved its objective.", "sources": [ "https://www.jonescountyiowa.gov/files/land_use/jones_county_cryptocurrency_and_data_center_ordinance_78407.pdf", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/01032026/iowa-county-data-center-ordinance/" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause data centers and crypto mining in Jones County pending regulations", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "osceola-county-fl-2024-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Osceola County", "state": "FL", "county": "Osceola County", "lat": 27.837, "lng": -81.163, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2024-10-01", "status": "active", "company": "US Development", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 434, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "DeLuca Preserve Conservation Advocates" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "US Development filed to rezone 434 acres from agricultural to industrial near Yeehaw Junction for a nine-building, 7+ million sq ft data center campus, with each three-story building spanning 675,000 sq ft. The site on U.S. 441 is adjacent to the 27,000-acre DeLuca Preserve, one of Florida's largest nature preserves and crucial habitat for the endangered Florida grasshopper sparrow. The project has run into community opposition and is part of a wider Florida pattern where Gov. DeSantis and environmentalists have forged an unusual alliance against thirsty AI data centers. As of early 2026, no formal rezoning approval has been granted.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/company-seeks-to-rezone-434-acres-for-data-center-in-osceola-county-florida/", "https://floridaphoenix.com/2026/01/01/thirsty-ai-data-center-runs-into-florida-community-opposition-2/", "https://flaglerlive.com/data-alliances/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Block US Development rezoning of 434 acres of farmland", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "gilmer-county-ga-2024-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Gilmer County", "state": "GA", "county": "Gilmer County", "lat": 34.6932, "lng": -84.4525, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2024-11-01", "status": "passed", "company": "Undisclosed (crypto mining facility proposed on Eller Road)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Gilmer County Crypto Mining Facility", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Gilmer County Citizens Against Crypto Mining", "National Coalition Against Cryptomining", "Gilmer County Citizens Against AI Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.nationalcoalitionagainstcryptomining.com/local-chapters/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/NationalCoalitionAgainstCryptomining/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-gilmer-county-from-allowing-a-crypto-mining-facility-in-our-county", "petition_signatures": 1306, "summary": "Gilmer County residents successfully blocked a proposed cryptocurrency server farm on Eller Road in Ellijay. Cyndie Roberson, cofounder of Gilmer County Citizens Against Crypto Mining, mobilized hundreds of residents to challenge the rezoning at planning commission meetings. The county subsequently enacted a ban on crypto mining — the only such ban in Georgia. Roberson now serves as the National Coalition Against Cryptomining's Southeastern Alliance representative. Neighboring Fannin County also enacted a crypto mining ban.", "sources": [ "https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/12/04/the-costs-of-crypto-mining-in-georgia-will-it-be-regulated-along-new-data-center", "https://thecurrentga.org/2024/06/01/cryptocurrency-mining-stirs-concerns-across-rural-georgia/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-gilmer-county-from-allowing-a-crypto-mining-facility-in-our-county", "https://www.nationalcoalitionagainstcryptomining.com/local-chapters/", "https://www.fox5atlanta.com/news/gilmer-county-residents-clash-over-proposed-cryptocurrency-farm" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "scope": "local", "opposition_instagram_followers": null, "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "noise", "water", "anti_ai" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Ban commercial crypto mining in Gilmer County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "westfield-ma-2024-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Westfield", "state": "MA", "county": "Hampden County", "lat": 42.125, "lng": -72.749, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2024-11-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Servistar Realties", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 4000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 155, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Conservation Law Foundation", "Alternatives for Community and Environment" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.clf.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/TheCLF/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "A $3-4 billion, 2.7M sq ft hyperscale data center campus proposed at 199 Servistar Industrial Way. State legislature passed a 20-year sales tax exemption. By Dec 2025, developers appear to have abandoned the project. Conservation Law Foundation raised concerns about insufficient environmental safeguards. The project involves the Servistar Realties proposal, 155 acres.", "sources": [ "https://theshoestring.org/2025/12/30/ai-hallucination-proposed-westfield-data-center-appears-abandoned-by-developers/", "https://www.bostonglobe.com/2024/11/20/business/data-center-western-mass/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/data-center-campus-proposed-in-westfield-massachusetts/", "https://www.nepm.org/regional-news/2025-08-26/westfield-planning-4m-data-center-with-help-from-state-tax-breaks" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "developer", "objective": "Developers abandon $3-4B Westfield data center campus", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 22000, "investment_usd": 4000000000 }, { "id": "pima-county-zoning-amendment-az-2026", "jurisdiction": "Pima County (CUP zoning amendment)", "state": "AZ", "county": "Pima County", "lat": 32.2226, "lng": -110.9747, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-12-16", "status": "approved", "company": "Beale Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "opposition_groups": [ "No Desert Data Center Coalition", "No Desert Data Center", "Arizona Center for Law in the Public Interest", "Coalition for Sonoran Desert Protection" ], "opposition_website": "https://nodesertdatacenter.com/", "summary": "The Pima County Board of Supervisors approved Project Blue's CUP zoning amendment and the sale of 290 acres for nearly $21M to Beale Infrastructure on Christmas Eve 2025, despite significant community opposition. Project Blue (originally rejected by Tucson and abandoned by Amazon) was revived by Beale Infrastructure. Construction is anticipated to span 2026-2028 with 3,000+ direct construction jobs and 180 permanent jobs by the third year. In January 2026, opponents filed suit in Pima County Superior Court alleging violations of Arizona's open meeting laws and inadequate public notice. AZ Attorney General Kris Mayes is also asking a court to vacate the Arizona Corporation Commission's separate approval of the project's energy plan. In February 2026, Marana rejected referendums against Project Blue rezoning. AWS was initial end user but publicly withdrew from Project Blue in December 2025.", "sources": [ "https://www.kgun9.com/news/community-inspired-journalism/marana/maranas-data-center-ordinance", "https://azluminaria.org/2026/01/08/marana-arizona-data-center-updates/", "https://news.azpm.org/p/news-articles/2026/1/8/227908-marana-town-council-approves-rezoning-for-luckett-road-project-600-acre-hyperscale-data-center/", "https://news.azpm.org/p/azpmnews/2026/2/10/228403-marana-residents-submit-petitions-to-put-data-center-project-to-a-vote/", "https://www.tucsonspotlight.org/you-didnt-listen-marana-data-center-vote-met-with-outrage/", "https://azluminaria.org/2025/12/11/unanimous-vote-in-marana-for-data-center-met-with-boos/", "https://nodesertdatacenter.com/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-new-data-centers-in-tucson-protect-our-desert-our-water-our-communities", "https://news.azpm.org/p/newsheadlines/2026/2/18/228535-marana-rejects-data-center-referendum-petitions/", "https://news.azpm.org/p/newsheadlines/2026/2/27/228668-marana-residents-sue-town-over-rejected-data-center-referendum-petitions/", "https://azluminaria.org/2025/08/06/tucson-city-council-rejects-project-blue-amid-intense-community-pressure/", "https://azluminaria.org/2025/07/21/the-project-blue-data-center-sprang-up-fast-so-did-the-organizing/", "https://www.earthisland.org/journal/index.php/articles/entry/how-one-arizona-city-blocked-a-data-center/", "https://azluminaria.org/2025/08/27/project-blue-data-center-pima-county-beale-infrastructure-tep/", "https://www.kjzz.org/fronteras-desk/2026-02-20/mayes-asks-court-to-vacate-corporation-commission-approval-of-tucson-data-center-project-blue", "https://news.azpm.org/p/azpmnews/2025/6/17/225239-pima-county-approves-36-billion-data-center-project-near-fairgrounds/", "https://azluminaria.org/2025/09/17/project-blue-data-center-pushes-ahead-in-pima-county-promising-new-low-water-cooling-tech/", "https://azfreenews.com/2025/12/pima-county-moves-forward-with-rejected-data-center/", "https://runonclimate.org/stories/a-very-bad-deal-how-local-organizing-halted-a-massive-data-center-development-for-nownbsp", "https://linktr.ee/nodesertdatacenter", "https://news.azpm.org/p/azpmnews/2026/1/14/227982-activists-file-to-sue-pima-county-over-project-blue-approval-process/", "https://news.azpm.org/s/102339-pima-county-approves-project-blue-data-center-agreement/", "https://azluminaria.org/2026/01/14/project-blue-opponents-sue-pima-county-over-alleged-open-meeting-law-violations/", "https://news.azpm.org/p/news-articles/2026/2/18/228535-marana-rejects-data-center-referendum-petitions/", "https://www.tucsonsentinel.com/local/report/020626_data_center_referendum/data-center-opponents-submit-signatures-voter-referendum-marana", "https://www.tucsonsentinel.com/local/report/021826_data_referendum_fails/marana-rejects-referendums-against-data-center-center-rezoning/", "https://news.azpm.org/p/azpmnews/2026/2/27/228668-marana-residents-sue-town-over-rejected-data-center-referendum-petitions/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/beale-infrastructure-plans-second-data-center-campus-outside-tucson-arizona-and-two-outside-tulsa-oklahoma/", "https://news.azpm.org/p/azpmnews/2025/12/12/227629-marana-planning-commission-backs-rezoning-for-600-acre-data-center-project/", "https://www.kold.com/2025/08/19/pima-county-explores-zoning-amendments-data-centers/" ], "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "water", "zoning", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Require conditional use permits in Pima County", "community_outcome": "loss", "project_name": "Project Blue", "investment_million_usd": 3600, "megawatts": 750, "acreage": 600, "building_sq_ft": 2000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 1784000, "jobs_promised": 3000, "petition_signatures": 168, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/nodesertdatacenter/", "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/no_desert_data_center/", "opposition_instagram_followers": 20300, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-new-data-centers-in-tucson-protect-our-desert-our-water-our-communities", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRMED. Independently verified that water_usage_gallons_per_day=1,784,000 cannot be corroborated by any working source. The evidence_url (constructionreviewonline.com) describes only an \"air-cooled", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "oliver-county-nd-2024-12-12", "jurisdiction": "Oliver County", "state": "ND", "county": "Oliver County", "lat": 47.1155, "lng": -101.3502, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2024-12-12", "status": "expired", "company": "Applied Digital (reported interest; no formal project filed)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Oliver County residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Over 200 people packed the Betty Hagel Memorial Civic Center in Center, ND as Oliver County leaders debated a proposed moratorium on data centers and cryptocurrency mining. The Oliver County Commission voted 3-0 to adopt a moratorium on December 12, 2024, suspending development of all data centers and cryptocurrency mining facilities. The Planning & Zoning Board had previously passed the moratorium unanimously. The purpose is to allow the county adequate time to conduct research and develop standards to guide future development. Nearby Mercer County also voted 3-2 to suspend data center development for one year, as concerns spread across western North Dakota. The project involves the Applied Digital proposal.", "sources": [ "https://bismarcktribune.com/news/state-regional/article_7008bcf1-5d9d-4007-96c7-a2f8bf697d75.html", "https://www.kxnet.com/news/local-news/debate-ignites-over-proposed-data-center-in-oliver-county/", "https://olivercountynd.org/index.asp?SEC=AA1FE418-4509-4D80-9397-3CA011E32E88", "https://bismarcktribune.com/news/state-regional/business/article_18bb7bd2-89bf-47ef-9a52-ce5e49524f38.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-05", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Halt data centers and crypto mining in Oliver County after Applied Digital proposal", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "connecticut-statewide-sb-1292-ct-2025-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Connecticut (statewide)", "state": "CT", "county": null, "lat": 41.7738, "lng": -72.6654, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-01-01", "status": "died", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SB 1292", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Connecticut enacted SB 1292, requiring AI data center owners and operators to submit quarterly reports to the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection on energy and water consumption. The law authorizes the commissioner to adopt regulations concerning water and energy efficiency standards for data centers. [Validation 2026-06-21: status -> 'died' per https://fastdemocracy.com/bill-search/ct/2025/bills/CTB00032345/.]", "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/CT/bill/SB01292/2025", "https://environmentamerica.org/connecticut/resources/the-case-for-water-and-energy-efficiency-standards-for-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 1292", "bill_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/asp/cgabillstatus/cgabillstatus.asp?selBillType=Bill&bill_num=SB1292&which_year=2025", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "grid_energy", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require quarterly energy and water reports in Connecticut", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Mary Mushinsky (D-CT)" ] }, { "id": "fort-worth-southeast-tx-2025-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Fort Worth", "state": "TX", "county": "Tarrant County", "lat": 32.6602, "lng": -97.3032, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-01-01", "status": "pending", "company": "Black Mountain Power LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 10000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 530, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Weston Gardens", "Fort Worth residents", "2871 Community Coalition", "Chapel Creek Neighborhood Association" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.2871community.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/FortWorthDataCenter/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 930, "summary": "Black Mountain Power LLC has obtained rezoning approval for over 450 acres in southeast Fort Worth for a $10B data center. The City Council approved zoning changes in multiple phases: 141 acres in January 2025, 171 additional acres in June, and 119 more acres on September 30. However, in February 2026, city officials tabled a vote on further land expansion, citing concerns about infrastructure, resources, and land usage. Residents have asked council to reject additional zoning changes, citing noise pollution, traffic congestion, and water usage. The project involves 530 acres.", "sources": [ "https://fortworthreport.org/2026/02/11/10b-data-center-hits-wall-after-fort-worth-leaders-cite-resources-land-usage-concerns/", "https://www.wfaa.com/article/news/local/tarrant-county/fort-worth-council-delays-proposed-450-acre-data-center-rezoning-vote/287-3ac6b783-f553-47d5-8106-b009d799bec5", "https://www.nbcdfw.com/news/local/fort-worth-data-center-zoning-approval/3649273/", "https://www.govtech.com/infrastructure/fort-worth-data-center-approved-over-residents-opposition", "https://www.keranews.org/environment-nature/2025-10-01/data-center-on-431-acres-in-southeast-fort-worth-moving-forward-amid-environmental-concerns" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "bill_name": null, "bill_url": null, "county_lean": "R", "investment_usd": 10000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "traffic", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Restrict Black Mountain Power 530-acre data center in Fort Worth", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified and confirmed. The entry (fort-worth-southeast-tx-2025-01-01) lists petition_signatures=930 with petition_url=null. No working source corroborates 930 for this project. The refe", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "north-dakota-hb-1579-nd-2025-01-01", "jurisdiction": "North Dakota (HB 1579)", "state": "ND", "county": null, "lat": 46.825, "lng": -100.783, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-01-01", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "North Dakota's HB 1579, originally introduced to create a state siting process for large electricity users (50+ MW), was significantly amended — the siting process was stripped and replaced with a mandate for an interim legislative study on the impact of large energy consumers on the state's electrical grid. Passed House 89-3, Senate 46-0. Signed April 28, 2025. Signed into law on April 29, 2025.", "sources": [ "https://www.grandforksherald.com/news/north-dakota/utilities-push-back-on-proposed-regulations-for-big-north-dakota-power-users-data-centers", "https://www.inforum.com/news/north-dakota/utilities-push-back-on-proposed-regulations-for-big-north-dakota-power-users-data-centers", "https://ndlegis.gov/assembly/69-2025/regular/bill-overview/bo1579.html", "https://fastdemocracy.com/bill-search/nd/69/bills/NDB00006528/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "HB 1579", "bill_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/assembly/69-2025/regular/bill-overview/bo1579.html?bill_year=2025&bill_number=1579", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Mandate study on large energy consumer grid impacts (HB 1579)", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Anna Novak (R-ND)", "Rep. SuAnn Olson Heinert (R-ND)", "Rep. Todd Porter (R-ND)", "Sen. Jeff Kessel (R-ND)", "Sen. Dale Patten (R-ND)" ] }, { "id": "milam-county-tx-2024-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Milam County", "state": "TX", "county": "Milam County", "lat": 30.7849, "lng": -96.9766, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-01-09", "status": "approved", "company": "OpenAI / SoftBank (SB Energy)", "hyperscaler": "OpenAI", "project_name": "Stargate", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 1200, "acreage": 595, "building_sq_ft": 548950, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 0, "jobs_promised": 357, "opposition_groups": [ "MediaJustice" ], "opposition_website": "https://mediajustice.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Milam County (TX) has become a flashpoint for data center buildout as SB Energy (SoftBank) and partners advance the Stargate / Milam County campus near Sharp (Rockdale / Thorndale area), a multi-building site associated with OpenAI and SoftBank. Local opposition and the nearby City of Thorndale have pushed back on the scale, power demand, and water impact of the project, and Milam County commissioners have wrestled with zoning and designated-zone restrictions on data centers.", "sources": [ "https://time.com/7362401/ai-stargate-data-center-abilene-housing-crisis/", "https://www.texasobserver.org/abilene-texas-stargate-natural-gas-plant-harms/", "https://www.texasmonthly.com/news-politics/abilene-stargate-artificial-intelligence/", "https://finance.yahoo.com/news/openais-100-billion-texas-stargate-180016053.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/openai-pledges-to-pay-its-own-way-to-power-stargate-data-centers/", "https://www.bigcountryhomepage.com/news/residents-demand-transparency-in-abilene-ai-data-center-project/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/crusoe-secures-116bn-in-debt-and-equity-for-openais-stargate-data-center-campus-in-abilene-texas/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/crusoe-tops-out-final-building-at-openai-stargate-data-center-campus-in-abilene-texas/", "https://www.crusoe.ai/resources/newsroom/crusoe-expands-ai-data-center-campus-in-abilene-to-1-2-gigawatts", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/softbanks-sb-energy-to-build-and-operate-openais-12gw-stargate-data-center-in-milam-county-texas/", "https://openai.com/index/five-new-stargate-sites/", "https://openai.com/index/stargate-sb-energy-partnership/", "https://winbuzzer.com/2026/01/09/openai-and-softbank-commit-1-billion-to-sb-energy-launching-1-2-gw-stargate-site-in-texas-xcxwbn/", "https://pv-magazine-usa.com/2026/01/12/sb-energy-secures-1-billion-from-openai-and-softbank-for-stargate-datacenter-expansion/" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 1200, "investment_usd": 3000000000, "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "tax_incentive", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Ban data centers in designated zones in Milam County", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "prior summary conflated Milam County with Abilene; investment_million_usd revised from 3000 to 1000 to reflect the Milam-specific figure rather than the broader Stargate program", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "reno-nv-2025-01-10", "jurisdiction": "Reno", "state": "NV", "county": "Washoe County", "lat": 39.5296, "lng": -119.8138, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-01-22", "status": "approved", "company": "Webb Data Center", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 28.5, "acreage": 6, "building_sq_ft": 82000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Toiyabe" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Sierra Club Toiyabe Chapter appealed the Planning Commission's approval of Webb Data Center's 82,000 sq ft facility, arguing the city established zoning guidelines without public input and citing open meeting law violations. On January 22, 2025, the Reno City Council denied the Sierra Club's appeal after multiple contentious meetings, effectively upholding the data center approval. The Webb Data Center will be the first data center within Reno city limits, located in the North Valleys adjacent to an Amazon warehouse. The Reno Planning Commission subsequently recommended a temporary pause on filing and issuing permits for future data centers. The project involves 28.5 MW capacity, 6 acres.", "sources": [ "https://nevadacurrent.com/2025/01/10/effort-to-block-reno-data-center-offers-glimpse-of-increasingly-thorny-issue-in-nevada/", "https://thisisreno.com/2025/01/effort-to-block-reno-data-center-offers-glimpse-of-increasingly-thorny-issue-in-nevada/", "https://thisisreno.com/2024/12/former-city-manager-returns-pushing-data-center/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/sierra-club-appeals-against-82000-sq-ft-data-center-in-reno-nevada/", "https://thisisreno.com/2025/01/city-council-denies-north-valleys-data-center-appeal-after-multiple-messy-meetings/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Deny Webb Data Center's 82,000 sq ft facility in Reno on appeal", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "minnesota-statewide-moratorium-proposal-mn-2026-02-20", "jurisdiction": "Minnesota (statewide moratorium proposal)", "state": "MN", "county": "Ramsey County", "lat": 44.9537, "lng": -93.09, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-20", "status": "dead", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Friends of the Mississippi River", "Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy", "Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy (MCEA)", "CURE", "Workers Strike Back", "Coalition for Responsible Data Center Planning", "Alliance for Sustainability", "Sierra Club Northstar Chapter", "CURE (Clean Up the River Environment)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/FriendsMissRiv", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Multiple Minnesota data center bills are in play. Sen. Jen McEwen (DFL-Duluth) introduced legislation imposing a two-year moratorium on new hyperscale data center permits while the state studies long-term effects. Sen. Erin Maye Quade (DFL-Apple Valley) pursued legislation to prohibit NDAs for data centers and end tax exemptions. Per MultiState's March 2026 tracker, none of the statewide moratorium proposals have passed their originating chamber, though NDA bans have gained traction in committees. Hundreds of opponents rallied at the State Capitol on Feb 18-20, 2026. The City of Eagan passed a one-year moratorium, believed to be the first Minnesota municipality to take such action. Previously, HF 16 (2025 special session) passed and was signed into law (effective June 15, 2025), establishing initial data center regulations. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: Minnesota adjourned sine die May 18, 2026; the statewide moratorium proposals all failed to pass the divided legislature.", "sources": [ "https://fmr.org/updates/general-water-legislative-land-use-planning/fmr-endorses-pause-data-centers", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/state-wide-data-center-moratorium-set-to-be-proposed-in-minnesota/", "https://www.house.mn.gov/sessiondaily/Story/18838", "https://www.mncenter.org/op-ed-data-center-proposals-are-moving-faster-policy-minnesota", "https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/02/20/data-center-opponents-call-for-statewide-moratorium-new-regulations", "https://www.northernnewsnow.com/video/2026/03/04/minnesota-senator-introduce-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/bills/94/2025/0/SF/608/?body=senate", "https://www.twincities.com/2026/02/18/data-center-opponents-bring-swelling-opposition-to-minnesota-capitol/", "https://www.womenspress.com/minnesota-lawmakers-and-activists-call-for-moratorium-on-data-centers/", { "url": "https://www.startribune.com/what-did-and-did-not-pass-in-the-2026-legislative-session/601843141", "title": "What passed/failed in 2026 MN session" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SF 608 / HF 1109", "county_lean": null, "bill_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/bills/94/2025/0/SF/608/?body=senate", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Repeal data center tax exemptions via SF 608", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Bill Lieske (R-MN)", "Sen. Erin Maye Quade (DFL-MN)", "Sen. Nathan Wesenberg (R-MN)", "Sen. Glenn Gruenhagen (R-MN)", "Sen. Jen McEwen (DFL-MN)" ], "opposition_facebook_members": 19321 }, { "id": "genesee-county-stamp-ny-2025-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Genesee County (STAMP)", "state": "NY", "county": "Genesee County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 43.0967, "lng": -78.2647, "date": "2025-02-01", "action_type": [ "lawsuit", "public_comment" ], "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Stream U.S. Data Centers", "project_name": "STAMP Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 19460, "megawatts": 500, "building_sq_ft": 2200000, "acreage": 60, "summary": "Stream U.S. Data Centers is advancing a 500 MW / 2.2M sq ft expanded data center campus at the STAMP site in Genesee County (NY) after the original 250 MW proposal was cancelled amid treaty-rights objections from the Tonawanda Seneca Nation and environmental groups. The expanded project is active; the earlier 250 MW configuration was cancelled.", "opposition_groups": [ "Tonawanda Seneca Nation", "Sierra Club", "Honor the Earth", "Stop Data Colonialism", "Sierra Club Niagara Group", "Western New York Environmental Alliance (ReThink STAMP)" ], "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/stopdatacolonialism/", "sources": [ "https://www.wxxinews.org/local-news/2025-02-06/big-data-centers-eying-genesee-county-tech-park-face-widespread-opposition", "https://www.wkbw.com/genesee-county/genesee-county-residents-voice-concerns-over-planned-multi-billion-dollar-data-center", "https://orleanshub.com/allies-of-tonawanda-seneca-nation-strongly-oppose-monstrous-data-center-proposed-for-stamp/", "https://videonewsservice.net/index.php/2025/10/21/genesee-county-tonawanda-seneca-nation-and-sierra-club-declare-victory-in-litigation-against-massive-data-center-seek-dismissal-of-suit-following-rescission-of-approvals/", "https://www.wxxinews.org/local-news/2025-09-18/genesee-county-stamp-site-data-center-on-hold-as-expansion-gets-pursued", "https://videonewsservice.net/index.php/2025/11/06/genesee-county-residents-of-the-glow-region-plan-rally-and-press-conference-to-celebrate-recent-victory-against-the-stamp-data-center/", "https://www.investigativepost.org/2026/02/04/data-center-subsidies-of-6-4-million-per-job/", "https://www.investigativepost.org/2026/01/30/genesee-ida-has-conflict-of-interest-in-stamp-data-center/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "tax_incentive", "noise", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge STREAM Data Centers for treaty rights violations", "community_outcome": "mixed", "flags": [ { "type": "status_uncertain", "note": "company corrected from 'STREAM Data Centers' to 'Stream U.S. Data Centers'; status revised to reflect the active expanded project", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "hitchcock-county-ne-2025-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Hitchcock County", "state": "NE", "county": "Hitchcock County", "lat": 40.282, "lng": -101.047, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-02-01", "status": "expired", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Hitchcock County passed a one-year moratorium on data center and cryptocurrency mining development via resolution in February 2025, responding to crypto companies seeking cheap power and land in rural Nebraska. The moratorium was later replaced by permanent regulations. At the state level, Gov. Pillen signed LB526 (May 20, 2025), allowing public power districts to require infrastructure payments/letters of credit from crypto miners and to impose conditions such as shutting down during peak demand. The bill as introduced proposed a 2.5 cent/kWh excise tax, but that tax was stripped by a Revenue Committee amendment (adopted 32-0) before passage.", "sources": [ "https://hitchcockcounty.ne.gov/webpages/planning_zoning/planning_zoning.html", "https://governor.nebraska.gov/gov-pillen-signs-bill-protect-power-grid-cryptocurrency-operation-use" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 1-year data centers and crypto mining moratorium in Hitchcock County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "reno-nv-2025-02-05", "jurisdiction": "Reno (Moratorium Rejection)", "state": "NV", "county": "Washoe County", "lat": 39.53, "lng": -119.814, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-02-05", "status": "approved", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Toiyabe Chapter" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Reno Planning Commission voted 4-2 in February 2025 to recommend a temporary moratorium on new data center permits, citing concerns about energy use, water consumption, and the city's lack of data center policies. The City Council rejected the moratorium despite overwhelming public support at meetings and online. The council subsequently approved additional data center projects over continued public outcry, and later moved to develop regulations after the fact rather than pausing approvals. The project involves the Tract proposal, 810 MW capacity, 686 acres.", "sources": [ "https://thisisreno.com/2025/02/reno-planning-commission-data-center-moratorium/", "https://thisisreno.com/2025/02/reno-city-council-data-center-moratorium/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Propose data centers moratorium in Reno (rejected)", "community_outcome": "loss", "energy_mw": 810, "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "moratorium was not Tract-specific — company/MW/acreage cleared pending sourced attribution", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "ada-county-id-2025-02-05", "jurisdiction": "Ada County", "state": "ID", "county": "Ada County", "lat": 43.452, "lng": -116.242, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "passed", "company": "Meta", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 800, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 485, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Ada County proactively developed data center zoning standards following Meta's data center in nearby Kuna and Diode Ventures' 620-acre Gemstone Technology Park (approved 3-2 by Kuna City Council in April 2025). Ada County updated its zoning ordinance in November 2025 to include data center-specific regulations protecting neighboring property owners and the environment. Meanwhile, rPlus Energies secured $650M to build a massive solar farm powering Meta's data center operations, and a 520 MWdc Blacks Creek Energy Center was financed in Ada County.", "sources": [ "https://adacounty.id.gov/blog/news/zoning-ordinance-update-public-hearing/", "https://www.waypointidaho.com/blog/meta-kuna-data-center-impact-guide-2025/", "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Meta_s-Kuna-Data-Center.pdf", "https://boisedev.com/news/2025/04/03/kuna-data-center-diode-ventures/", "https://adacounty.id.gov/developmentservices/wp-content/uploads/sites/37/1_3_2025-ORDINANCE-ENACTING-NEW-TITLE-8-ADA-COUNTY-ZONING-CODE-PDF-202000092-INTERNAL-CLIEN.pdf" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Adopt data center zoning standards in Ada County", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "apple-valley-mn-2025-02-05", "jurisdiction": "Apple Valley", "state": "MN", "county": "Dakota County", "lat": 44.732, "lng": -93.218, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-02-05", "status": "defeated", "company": "Oppidan / Connect Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 134, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition for Responsible Data Center Development" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.datacenterresponsibility.com", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1244766996510704", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Oppidan/Connect Data Centers' Apple Valley Technology Park proposal (seven buildings on former sand/gravel mining site, five as data centers) faced community opposition over water and infrastructure concerns. The Planning Commission tabled the application on February 5, 2025 due to site issues. On March 18, 2026, the Planning Commission voted 5-1 to recommend denial, with Chair Jodi Kurtz stating 'I don't see how we can support something that we don't have the water for.' The project ran counter to the city's 2040 Comprehensive Plan. The project involves 134 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/oppidan-proposes-data-center-campus-in-apple-valley-minnesota/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "water" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Rally against Oppidan / Connect Data Centers data center in Apple Valley", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "clayton-county-ia-2025-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Clayton County", "state": "IA", "county": "Clayton County", "lat": 42.844, "lng": -91.341, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-02-25", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Clayton County Board of Supervisors approved a temporary moratorium on rezoning requests and conditional use permits for digital asset mining/data centers in February 2025. The moratorium was originally set to expire December 31, 2025, but supervisors extended it to December 31, 2026 to allow more time for research and policy development. County officials and the Planning and Zoning Board are studying potential concerns including noise, visual impact, water use, and effects on surrounding properties.", "sources": [ "https://claytoncountyianews.com/local-news/clayton-county-bos-extends-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://www.claytoncountyia.gov/AgendaCenter/ViewFile/Minutes/_02252025-1054" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause data centers and crypto mining in Clayton County pending regulations", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "loudoun-county-va-2025-03-01", "jurisdiction": "Loudoun County", "state": "VA", "county": "Loudoun County", "lat": 39.0768, "lng": -77.6369, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-03-01", "status": "passed", "company": "BlackChamber Group / Fairfield Residential (Innovation Gateway project)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Innovation Gateway", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 29, "building_sq_ft": 700000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Loudoun Climate Project", "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://loudounclimate.org/data-centers/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/loudounclimateproject/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": "@Loudoun_Climate", "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On March 18, 2025, the Loudoun County Board of Supervisors eliminated by-right data center development county-wide, requiring a special exception with legislative review and public hearings. Phase 1 standards were approved September 16, 2025 to address compatibility issues. Phase 2 of Loudoun County's data center standards is entering its communication and engagement phase (April-June 2026), developing new use-specific zoning standards for data centers and utility substations, addressing microgrids, backup generators, and onsite power generation. A draft will be presented to the Board in May 2026, public comment in July, with potential adoption targeted for December 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.hklaw.com/en/insights/publications/2025/04/loudoun-county-virginia-eliminates-by-right-data-center-development", "https://www.loudounnow.com/news/by-right-data-centers-eliminated-in-loudoun-existing-applications-grandfathered/article_130515be-0478-11f0-ab4f-7771b6b47f71.html", "https://virginiabusiness.com/loudoun-county-advances-changes-to-data-center-regulations/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/loudoun-countys-innovation-gateway-data-center-project-met-with-board-opposition/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/blackchamber-secures-12-billion-for-construction-of-virginia-data-centers-totaling-740mw/", "https://dgtlinfra.com/blackchamber-group-data-centers-northern-virginia/", "https://www.loudoun.gov/6222/Phase-2-Data-Center-Standards-Locations", "https://www.loudounnow.com/news/work-begins-on-next-phase-of-loudoun-county-data-center-regulations/article_d9a0c8fa-3ea6-4a13-814e-83a62820d06d.html" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "End by-right data center approvals in Loudoun County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "south-brunswick-nj-2025-03-01", "jurisdiction": "South Brunswick", "state": "NJ", "county": "Middlesex County", "lat": 40.382, "lng": -74.53, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-03-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Sentinel Data Centers / WRV", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 143, "building_sq_ft": 341273, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club New Jersey Chapter" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/NJSierraClub/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Sentinel Data Centers/WRV proposed a 341,273 sq ft data center on 143 acres of the former Princeton Nurseries site — once the largest commercial nursery in the US, vacant since 1995 — along Route 1 in the Princeton Nurseries Redevelopment Area. Residents raised concerns about electricity consumption, cooling noise, property values, and few permanent jobs. The Sierra Club passed a resolution voicing concerns about the project. Construction is reportedly underway targeting completion by end of 2026.", "sources": [ "https://patch.com/new-jersey/southbrunswick/massive-data-center-proposed-route-1-south-brunswick", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/former-nursery-site-in-new-jersey-could-host-data-center/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "noise", "property_values" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Oppose data center over noise in South Brunswick", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "kootenai-county-id-2025-03-02", "jurisdiction": "Kootenai County", "state": "ID", "county": "Kootenai County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 47.6777, "lng": -116.7805, "date": "2025-03-02", "action_type": [ "moratorium", "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "expired", "scope": "local", "summary": "Kootenai County lifted its 182-day moratorium on data center building permits after adopting permanent regulations that ban data centers from being located over the Spokane Valley-Rathdrum Prairie Aquifer and require developers to apply for conditional use permits with public comment opportunities. The moratorium-to-regulation pipeline is being cited as a model by other communities.", "opposition_groups": [ "Kootenai County residents" ], "sources": [ "https://www.khq.com/news/kootenai-county-imposes-moratorium-on-data-center-building-permits/article_f622e15a-f79e-11ef-87ed-1bd380bdd67e.html", "https://www.wyomingpublicmedia.org/natural-resources-energy/2026-03-27/some-mountain-west-counties-impose-moratoriums-on-data-centers-as-national-pause-is-proposed" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Convert Kootenai County moratorium into permanent ban", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "grant-county-pud-wa-2025-03-25", "jurisdiction": "Grant County PUD", "state": "WA", "county": "Grant County", "lat": 47.234, "lng": -119.853, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-03-25", "status": "passed", "company": "Microsoft", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 800, "acreage": 270, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Columbia Riverkeeper", "NW Energy Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Grant County PUD placed load caps on data centers in Quincy's industrial zone in March 2025 to give the utility time to add transmission capacity. Data center capacity surged past 400 MW in 2025 (up from 246.4 MW in 2024) with all nine existing customers signaling intense growth. The PUD anticipates caps being hit by Q3-Q4 2025. A 31-mile transmission line from Wanapum Dam to Quincy is estimated at $86M (more than double the original $40M estimate). A new rate structure ending cheap hydro power takes effect April 2026. The project involves the Microsoft proposal, 800 MW capacity.", "sources": [ "https://www.yoursourceone.com/columbia_basin/report-quincy-at-center-of-debate-over-washington-s-data-centers-clean-energy-future/article_f2b12988-6708-44bd-b1fb-72e8a5e4d43b.html", "https://columbiabasinherald.com/news/2025/mar/31/grant-pud-places-limits-on-electrical-demand-from-data-centers/", "https://www.govtech.com/artificial-intelligence/grant-county-wash-utility-to-cap-data-center-electricity", "https://www.grantpud.org/blog/commission-recap-1-27-2026-rate-increase-approved", "https://www.opb.org/article/2026/01/17/quincy-washington-microsoft-data-center/", "https://www.npr.org/2025/08/17/nx-s1-5501579/washington-hydropower-data-center-boom-sustainability-climate-change" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 800, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "community_impact", "water" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Cap data center electrical load in Grant County PUD", "community_outcome": "mixed", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "800 MW cap is aggregate Grant County PUD limit, not a Microsoft-specific figure", "added": "2026-04-21" }, { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRM the figure_unverified flag on megawatts=800. Independently verified all six cited sources plus the proposed Wikipedia evidence_url: none states 800 MW for this Grant County PUD / Microsoft Qui", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "nassau-county-ny-2025-04-01", "jurisdiction": "Nassau County", "state": "NY", "county": "Nassau County", "lat": 40.727, "lng": -73.59, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-04-01", "status": "active", "company": "Jupiter Power", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 275, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Nassau County towns imposed moratoriums on battery energy storage systems (BESS). Jupiter Power (owned by BlackRock) cancelled its contract for the proposed 275 MW Oyster Shore Energy Storage facility in Glenwood Landing in May 2025. Town of Oyster Bay's moratorium continues with extensions; North Hempstead's moratorium extends to November 2026. All three towns (Hempstead, North Hempstead, Oyster Bay) block residential and commercial battery systems alongside utility-scale projects. A vote on Oyster Bay's extension was expected at the town board meeting April 14, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://abc7ny.com/post/nassau-county-officials-do-not-want-lithium-ion-battery-storage-facilities-long-island/16186659/", "https://www.longislandpress.com/2025/11/19/north-hempstead-moratorium/", "https://abc7ny.com/post/nassau-county-officials-do-not-want-lithium-ion-battery-storage-facilities-long-island/16186659/" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Propose battery energy storage systems moratorium in Nassau County", "community_outcome": "win", "energy_mw": 275 }, { "id": "conway-ar-2025-04-01", "jurisdiction": "Conway", "state": "AR", "county": "Faulkner County", "lat": 35.088, "lng": -92.442, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-04-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Forgelight Ventures", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 100, "acreage": 493, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Faulkner County League of Women Voters" ], "opposition_website": "https://lwvarfc.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/LWVFaulknerCounty", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Conway City Council approved a memorandum of understanding with Forgelight Ventures in April 2025 for a $1B, 300,000 sq ft data center along the Arkansas River on Lollie Road. The secret data center owner (likely Google, based on Forgelight manager Michael Montfort's connection to a similar Indiana project) was not publicly identified. Residents voiced opposition citing noise concerns and lack of transparency. The project would generate only 50 jobs. Planning commissioners expressed concerns about secrecy from the developers. The project involves 100 MW capacity, 493 acres. Google is inferred via Forgelight manager's other projects but is not confirmed in Conway-specific sources.", "sources": [ "https://arktimes.com/arkansas-blog/2025/09/12/conway-residents-grapple-with-incoming-ai-super-data-center-at-town-hall", "https://arkansasadvocate.com/2025/12/12/fear-of-missing-out-on-data-center-boom-leads-arkansas-officials-to-ignore-hard-questions/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "noise", "tax_incentive", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Mobilize opposition to Forgelight Ventures data center in Conway", "community_outcome": "loss", "opposition_facebook_members": 317, "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Google': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "north-carolina-statewide-hb-1002-nc-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "North Carolina (statewide HB 1002)", "state": "NC", "scope": "statewide", "date": "2026-02-01", "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "status": "pending", "summary": "North Carolina HB 1002, the 'Rate Payer Protection Act' (Rep. Pricey Harrison D-Guilford), would prohibit utilities from charging residential ratepayers for the electricity costs of large commercial data centers (≥100 MW) and require those costs to be paid directly by data centers through separate rates. The bill also proposes a Special Commission for Data Center Planning to study grid capacity and forecast future needs. As of early 2026, there is little sign HB 1002 will advance. Meanwhile, NC Energy Policy Task Force found data centers account for ~80% of Duke Energy's projected demand growth. NC communities (Apex, Chatham, Gates, Canton) have enacted local moratoria as the legislature stalls. The NC Data Center Convening in Greensboro brought together 60+ advocacy groups in early 2026. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: HB 1002 was never heard in committee and is effectively dead/superseded by SB 730 (Ratepayer Protection Act) and HB 7971.", "sources": [ "https://www.ncleg.gov/Legislation/Bills/Summaries/2025/H1002", "https://www.ncleg.gov/Sessions/2025/Bills/House/PDF/H1002v0.pdf", "https://www.energync.org/blog/building-out-data-centers-equitably-requires-thoughtful-policy-intervention/", "https://ncnewsline.com/2026/03/16/apex-weighs-pause-on-data-centers-as-resistance-spreads-across-nc/" ], "bill_name": "HB 1002", "bill_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/BillLookUp/2025/H1002", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "lat": 35.7796, "lng": -78.6382, "opposition_groups": [ "NC Environmental Justice Network" ], "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Prohibit residential ratepayer subsidies for data centers (HB 1002)", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Pricey Harrison (D-NC)", "Rep. Donnie Loftis (R-NC)", "Rep. Maria Cervania (D-NC)" ], "opposition_website": "https://ncejn.org/" }, { "id": "west-virginia-statewide-wv-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "West Virginia (statewide)", "state": "WV", "county": null, "lat": 38.3498, "lng": -81.6326, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "passed", "company": "Penzance / Fundamental Data / Google", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 4000, "megawatts": 600, "acreage": 548, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "WV Citizen Action Group", "West Virginia Highlands Conservancy", "People's Action", "Chesapeake Climate Action Network", "Data Center Reform Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://wvcag.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/WVHighlandsConservancy/", "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/wvcag/", "opposition_twitter": "https://twitter.com/WVCAG", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-in-west-virginia", "petition_signatures": 2700, "summary": "WV House Bill 2014 (2025) created a certified microgrid program and set policies for data centers, stripping local government jurisdiction over 'high-impact' data centers (90+ MW) and diverting property tax revenue. In 2026, bills to restore local control (HB 5590, HB 5620) and require water usage disclosure were introduced but blocked. HB 4983 passed 78-16, bundling rulemaking to limit transparency. On April 1, 2026, West Virginia Watch published a call for a state moratorium, noting HB 2014 bans local governments from enforcing noise, pollution, zoning, lighting, viewshed, or land use rules against certified data center projects. Sen. Joey Garcia's bill to restore local control has not received a hearing. WV MetroNews published an April 7 analysis of the 'data center development dilemma.'", "sources": [ "https://mountainstatespotlight.org/2026/02/25/lawmakers-block-data-center-bills/", "https://mountainstatespotlight.org/2025/12/14/data-center-pushback-lawmakers-respond/", "https://peoplesaction.org/wvcag-organizes-against-west-virginia-data-centers/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/02/20/halfway-through-the-2026-legislative-session-theres-still-no-consensus-on-data-center-bills/", "https://www.vpm.org/generalassembly/2026-01-16/2026-data-center-bills-thomas-hb155-mcauliff-hb503-pjm-dominion-energy", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/02/24/senators-propose-phasing-out-data-center-tax-credit-house-budget-keeps-it/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-in-west-virginia", "https://westvirginiawatch.com/2026/04/01/west-virginia-needs-a-data-center-moratorium-to-safeguard-our-future/", "https://wvmetronews.com/2026/04/07/the-data-center-development-dilemma/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 2014", "bill_url": "https://www.wvlegislature.gov/Bill_Status/bills_history.cfm?INPUT=2014&year=2025&sessiontype=RS", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Mandate data center water disclosure via HB 5590", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Del. Roger Hanshaw (R-WV)", "Del. Clay Riley (R-WV)", "Del. Bob Fehrenbacher (R-WV)" ], "opposition_facebook_members": 8500, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Confirmed the conflation/mis-scope flag. Evidence URL (westvirginia.gov) plus independent sources (DataCenterDynamics, REBusinessOnline, WV Governor's office) all tie the exact triplet $4B / 600MW (up", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "town-of-burns-harbor-in-2024-08-05", "jurisdiction": "Town of Burns Harbor", "state": "IN", "county": "Porter County", "lat": 41.6261, "lng": -87.1334, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-05-05", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Provident Realty Advisors", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1300, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 102, "building_sq_ft": 2500000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Action Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/cacindiana", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": "https://x.com/cacindiana", "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Provident Realty Advisors — after being rejected in Chesterton — proposed a seven-building, 102-acre data center campus at the corner of S. Babcock and Haglund Roads on the Worthington Steel property. Residents packed multiple plan commission meetings to challenge the project, citing concerns about building heights (120 feet), inadequate setbacks (50 feet), noise, and impacts on Indiana Dunes National Park. By February 2025, Provident announced it would revise its proposal, but as of May 2025, the company had not filed a rezoning application and the project appeared to have stalled. The data center wave in Indiana communities has slowed significantly due to community pushback.", "sources": [ "https://www.chicagotribune.com/2024/08/06/burns-harbor-residents-blast-data-center-plan-plan-commission-meeting-on-sept-9-for-discussion/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/provident-realty-proposes-seven-building-campus-in-burns-harbor-indiana/", "https://www.chicagotribune.com/2025/02/02/texas-firm-yet-to-make-move-on-burns-harbor-data-center-proposal/", "https://www.nwitimes.com/news/local/nwi-burns-harbor-data-center/article_b835a314-7b61-11ef-9626-2bd80bf9f2ca.html", "https://www.inkfreenews.com/2025/05/05/data-center-wave-stalls-as-indiana-communities-push-back/", "https://www.chestertontribune.com/articles/burns-harbor-residents-say-no-way-to-data-center/", "https://www.nwitimes.com/news/local/article_b835a314-7b61-11ef-9626-2bd80bf9f2ca.html", "https://www.citact.org/about", "https://indianaeconomicdigest.net/MobileContent/Most-Recent/Sunday/Article/Burns-Harbor-Plan-Commission-postpones-vote-on-controversial-data-center-rezone-amid-public-outcry/31/134/117105", "https://www.chicagotribune.com/2024/08/03/developer-eyes-burns-harbor-for-data-center-project/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-16", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "noise", "traffic", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Block Provident Realty Advisors rezoning of 102 acres in Town of Burns Harbor", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 5096 }, { "id": "reno-cold-springs-nv-2025-05-21", "jurisdiction": "Reno (StoneGate Rezoning)", "state": "NV", "county": "Washoe County", "lat": 39.624, "lng": -119.95, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-05-21", "status": "approved", "company": "StoneGate", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 1767, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Cold Springs Residents Against Rezoning" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "StoneGate proposed converting 1,767 acres in Reno's Cold Springs area approved for ~5,000 homes into industrial/data center use, reducing housing to ~1,350 units. The Planning Commission rejected the rezoning, but the City Council approved it 4-3. The Regional Planning Commission then denied it, but the Governing Board reversed that decision. The Sierra Club Toiyabe Chapter led opposition. NBC News covered water concerns. The project involves 1,767 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/reno-nevada-data-centers-water-drought-rcna235966", "https://thisisreno.com/2025/05/reno-city-council-approves-industrial-development/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-09", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose StoneGate data center in Reno", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "city-of-becker-mn-2025-05-23", "jurisdiction": "City of Becker", "state": "MN", "county": "Sherburne County", "lat": 45.3933, "lng": -93.8771, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-05-23", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 600, "acreage": 348, "building_sq_ft": 849000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 100, "opposition_groups": [ "CURE MN" ], "opposition_website": "https://curemn.org/blog/navigating-mn-data-center-development/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Amazon planned a multibillion-dollar data center near the Xcel Sherco coal-fired power plant in Becker, proposing 250 diesel backup generators. In March 2025, the Minnesota PUC ruled Amazon must obtain a Certificate of Need, placing the burden on Amazon to demonstrate necessity and evaluate sustainable alternatives. Environmental advocate Sarah Mooradian of CURE MN argued that even generators not connected to the grid have huge impacts. In May 2025, Amazon abandoned the project, citing uncertain development timelines for permitting. Minnesota also eliminated a sales tax exemption on data center electricity. The project involves 600 MW capacity, $1B investment, 348 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.mprnews.org/story/2025/05/23/amazon-pulls-back-on-plans-for-large-data-center-in-becker", "https://www.startribune.com/amazon-must-prove-it-needs-250-diesel-generators-at-becker-data-center-minnesota-utility-regulators-say/601229504", "https://www.startribune.com/amazon-suspends-minnesota-data-center-as-lawmakers-plan-to-reduce-big-tech-tax-breaks/601359665", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/amazon-buys-350-acre-parcel-in-becker-minnesota-for-data-center/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Require certificate of need for Amazon data center generators", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "henrico-county-va-2025-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Henrico County", "state": "VA", "county": "Henrico County", "lat": 37.5438, "lng": -77.3868, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-06-01", "status": "passed", "company": "Centra Logistics", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 200, "building_sq_ft": 1000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 400, "opposition_groups": [ "New Market Village residents", "Varina community residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Henrico County Board of Supervisors adopted the Data Center Comprehensive Plan Amendment on June 10, 2025, incorporated into the Vision 2026 Comprehensive Plan. As of January 2025, all data center construction requires a provisional use permit (PUP). A 3,000-acre White Oak Technology Park area remains the only zone where data centers can proceed without PUP or public hearing. The restrictions were driven by residents' concerns about unchecked energy use, noise, aesthetics, and proliferation of data centers. Henrico hosts ~40 data centers including Meta, QTS, and Bank of America facilities. The project involves the Centra Logistics proposal, 200 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.12onyourside.com/2025/06/11/henrico-board-supervisors-passes-stricter-requirements-data-centers/", "https://richmondbizsense.com/2025/05/15/henrico-looks-to-limit-data-center-development-with-new-white-oak-overlay-district/", "https://www.datacenterfrontier.com/hyperscale/article/55296394/henrico-county-virginia-moves-to-slow-data-center-growth", "https://www.wric.com/news/local-news/henrico-county/zoning-appeals-denies-centra-logistics-data-center/", "https://www.wtvr.com/news/local-news/data-center-site-denied-feb-27-2026", "https://richmondbizsense.com/2026/02/27/henrico-denies-vested-rights-appeal-for-data-centers-at-darbytown-site/", "https://www.henricocitizen.com/data-center-detour-inside-henrico-countys-shifting-mindset-one-developers-attempt-to-overcome-it-and-a-community-fighting-back/", "https://www.henricocitizen.com/henricos-board-of-zoning-appeals-denies-data-center-companys-appeal-for-varina-site/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/planners-oppose-data-center-campus-in-varina-virginia/" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 900, "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "noise", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Create data center overlay zone in Henrico County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "hancock-county-in-2025-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Hancock County", "state": "IN", "county": "Hancock County", "lat": 39.8237, "lng": -85.7733, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-06-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Surge Development", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Hancock County MegaSite", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 775, "building_sq_ft": 1000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Save Hancock County" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 900, "summary": "Surge Development withdrew its application to rezone 775 acres of farmland in Buck Creek Township for the 'Hancock County MegaSite' data center near Tuttle Orchards, a century-old farm east of Indianapolis Regional Airport. Over 70 people signed up to speak at a packed May 8 public hearing at Greenfield-Central High School. Surge called the community discussion 'constructive and valuable' and said it would 'pause and formally withdraw' to let the community evaluate individual projects on their merits. Google not publicly confirmed; only circumstantial (images resemble known Google facilities).", "sources": [ "https://www.wthr.com/article/money/business/application-withdrawn-surge-development-hancock-county-greenfield-data-center-tuttle-orchards/531-48204cbc-eba5-4666-bd66-6e88cb6d2412", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/775-acre-data-center-campus-proposed-outside-indianapolis-indiana/", "https://www.wthr.com/article/money/business/application-withdrawn-surge-development-hancock-county-greenfield-data-center-tuttle-orchards/531-48204cbc-eba5-4666-bd66-6e88cb6d2412", "https://www.greenfieldreporter.com/2025/07/07/weve-got-to-keep-watching-residents-reflect-on-data-center-opposition-and-withdrawal/", "https://www.greenfieldreporter.com/2025/07/19/commissioners-public-commenters-share-thoughts-during-meeting-nixing-data-center/", "https://www.greenfieldreporter.com/2025/04/26/residents-respond-to-proposed-data-center-project/", "https://www.wishtv.com/news/politics/rezoning-proposal-withdrawn-for-data-center-in-hancock-county/", "https://www.datacentermap.com/usa/indiana/indianapolis/hancock-county-megasite-building-1/", "https://www.ibj.com/articles/hancock-county-officials-to-consider-proposal-for-776-acre-data-center-campus" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook_members": 1700, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "developer", "objective": "Block Surge Development data center through opposition in Hancock County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "eagle-mountain-ut-2025-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Eagle Mountain", "state": "UT", "county": "Utah County", "lat": 40.3141, "lng": -112.0069, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-06-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Meta, Google, QTS", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 7000, "megawatts": 400, "acreage": 668, "building_sq_ft": 4500000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 95890, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Eagle Mountain residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-proposed-code-changes-to-allow-nuclear-reactors-in-eagle-mountain-utah", "petition_signatures": 908, "summary": "Eagle Mountain has approved multiple data centers including Google, QTS, and Meta campuses. Meta's 4.5M sq ft campus withdrew 35M+ gallons of water in 2024 under a 2018 confidentiality agreement preventing disclosure. On April 17, 2026, Layton Construction and QTS Data Centers reached a major construction milestone with the topping out of the third building at the QTS data center campus in Eagle Mountain (SLC1), a 193-acre development. The campus includes three buildings of 579,000-592,000 sq ft each. QTS committed $6 billion for the campus and estimates 100 permanent jobs at completion later in 2026. The facility uses a closed-loop cooling system to reduce water consumption amid ongoing community questions about water use at the massive QTS campus.", "sources": [ "https://grist.org/technology/utah-data-center-water-supply-meta-novva/", "https://www.tract.com/news/tract-announces-acquisition-of-668-acres-in-eagle-mountain-ut-promising-further-investment-for-data-center-campuses/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/tract-plans-400mw-data-center-park-in-eagle-mountain-utah/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-proposed-code-changes-to-allow-nuclear-reactors-in-eagle-mountain-utah", "https://www.sltrib.com/news/environment/2025/12/18/eagle-mountain-delays-decision/", "https://cedarvalleysentinel.com/insider-2024/controversial-data-center-and-renewable-energy-projects-stir-concerns-in-eagle-mountain/", "https://eaglemountain.gov/preparations-underway-for-future-energy-generation-with-proposed-code-amendments/", "https://utahnewsdispatch.com/2026/04/17/eagle-mountain-193-acre-data-center-campus-is-set-to-be-done-this-year-with-big-water-promises/", "https://www.utahbusiness.com/press-releases/2026/04/20/layton-construction-qts-data-centers-campus-eagle-mountain/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Block Alternative Energy Overlay Zone for nuclear reactors near data centers in Eagle Mountain", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "little-rock-ar-2025-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Little Rock", "state": "AR", "county": "Pulaski County", "lat": 34.7465, "lng": -92.2896, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-06-01", "status": "approved", "company": "AVAIO Digital Partners", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Leo", "investment_million_usd": 6000, "megawatts": 150, "acreage": 760, "building_sq_ft": 300000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 500, "opposition_groups": [ "Arkansas Grass Roots United" ], "opposition_website": "https://acorninternational.org/arkansas-grassroots-united/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/halt-construction-of-ai-data-center-in-little-rock-ar", "petition_signatures": 6965, "summary": "AVAIO Digital's 'Project Leo' — a $6B, 760-acre hyperscale data center campus near Little Rock — has broken ground with a fully approved Site Plan. The first phase (150 MW) is expected to be complete and energized by June 2027, with power demand anticipated to reach 1 GW at full build-out. The site, less than 10 miles from downtown, has existing water, sewer, and fiber infrastructure. Construction of the first phase was expected to start Q1 2026. The project involves the AVAIO Digital Partners proposal, $1B investment.", "sources": [ "https://arkansasadvocate.com/2025/07/30/two-arkansas-cities-chase-data-center-gold-but-might-be-competing-against-each-other/", "https://arkansasadvocate.com/2025/12/12/fear-of-missing-out-on-data-center-boom-leads-arkansas-officials-to-ignore-hard-questions/", "https://katv.com/news/local/ai-ready-data-center-coming-to-little-rock-6-billion-investment-largest-in-state-history", "https://acorninternational.org/arkansas-grassroots-united/", "https://www.change.org/p/halt-construction-of-ai-data-center-in-little-rock-ar", "https://www.thv11.com/article/news/local/new-6-billion-data-center-coming-little-rock/91-b9d829d5-5d78-431a-be6d-9433da379967" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Block AVAIO Digital Partners rezoning of 760 acres in Little Rock", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified. building_sq_ft=300000 cannot be corroborated by any working source. PRIMARY sources checked: (1) KATV (cited evidence_url) reports $6B investment, 150 MW first phase, 760 acres", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "cherokee-county-sc-2025-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Cherokee County", "state": "SC", "county": "Cherokee County", "lat": 35.0476, "lng": -81.6237, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-06-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Cielo Digital Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Cielo Digital Campus", "investment_million_usd": 2100, "megawatts": 300, "acreage": 86, "building_sq_ft": 1600000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 30, "opposition_groups": [ "Cherokee County residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-coming-to-upstate-sc", "petition_signatures": 5150, "summary": "Cielo Digital Infrastructure's $2.1B data center was approved by Cherokee County Council. The development at Ford Road in Gaffney will include four 400,000 sq ft facilities with an associated electrical substation, totaling up to 300 MW at full build-out. The project is expected to create only 30 jobs. Initial operations are projected to come online by year-end 2028. Tax incentives were offered to the developer. The project involves 86 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.wspa.com/news/if-they-come-they-need-their-own-power-cherokee-co-sets-limits-on-data-centers/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-coming-to-upstate-sc", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/cielo-digital-infrastructure-plans-300mw-data-center-campus-in-south-carolina/", "https://governor.sc.gov/news/2025-06/cielo-digital-infrastructure-selects-cherokee-county-first-south-carolina-development", "https://www.sccommerce.com/news/cielo-digital-infrastructure-selects-cherokee-county-first-south-carolina-development-project", "https://www.wspa.com/news/local-news/cherokee-co-resident-demands-clarity-as-data-center-concerns-increase/", "https://www.wspa.com/news/community-pushing-back-on-3b-spartanburg-county-data-center/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Restrict Cielo Digital Infrastructure 86-acre data center in Cherokee County", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "ypsilanti-township-mi-2025-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Ypsilanti Township", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.2223, "lng": -83.6129, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-06-01", "status": "active", "company": "University of Michigan / Los Alamos National Laboratory / DTE Energy / Thor Equities", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Hydro Park Data Center / AI Supercomputer", "investment_million_usd": 1200, "megawatts": 110, "acreage": 124, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop the Data Center" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": "@stopthedata", "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://actionnetwork.org/letters/stop-the-hydro-park-data-center", "petition_signatures": 8113, "summary": "University of Michigan's $1.25B supercomputing facility for Los Alamos National Laboratory on 124 acres in Ypsilanti Township faces strong opposition. On March 31, 2026, the Ypsilanti Township Board voted unanimously to adopt Resolution 2026-05 opposing construction. On April 16, 2026, the Township Board advanced a water moratorium resolution targeting the U-M/Los Alamos project and a separate Thor Equities data center proposal, citing strained water infrastructure and lack of transparency. Community concerns center on environmental impact, national security risks, and lack of transparency.", "sources": [ "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/04/ypsilanti-township-escalates-data-center-fight/", "https://www.easternecho.com/article/2026/04/ypsilanti-township-strengthens-opposition-to-data-center-as-u-m-confirms-land-purchase", "https://michiganadvance.com/2026/04/02/ypsilanti-township-board-gives-full-support-to-resolution-opposing-los-alamos-research-facility/", "https://actionnetwork.org/letters/stop-the-hydro-park-data-center" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 110, "investment_usd": 1200000000, "water_gallons_per_day": 500000, "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Rally against University of Michigan data center in Ypsilanti Township", "community_outcome": "mixed", "flags": [ { "type": "url_unverifiable", "note": "Validation: removed dead opposition_website link (https://stopthedatacenter.org/).", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "oakland-university-rochester-hills-mi-2025-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Oakland University (Rochester Hills)", "state": "MI", "county": "Oakland County", "lat": 42.673, "lng": -83.2185, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-06-01", "status": "active", "company": "Oakland University", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "P-35 Data Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 26, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Oakland University Student Congress" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.oakland.edu/osi/student-organizations/ousc/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/ouscofficial/", "opposition_twitter": "https://x.com/OUSCofficial", "petition_url": "https://actionnetwork.org/petitions/petition-to-stop-the-data-center-from-being-built-in-p-35", "petition_signatures": 2679, "summary": "Oakland University's Board of Trustees approved initial stages for a data center on Parking Lot P-35 in June 2025, adjacent to a DTE Energy substation with 26 MW capacity. A petition from students, faculty, staff, and community members formally opposes the project, citing negative impacts on sustainability, the campus Native American Heritage Site, and the biological preserve. In December 2025, state legislation was introduced to rescind a $100M grant from Michigan Strategic Fund for the project. Opposition continues but the university has issued an RFP seeking private-sector data center partners.", "sources": [ "https://actionnetwork.org/petitions/petition-to-stop-the-data-center-from-being-built-in-p-35", "https://www.clickondetroit.com/news/local/2026/02/19/oakland-university-debates-ai-institute-data-center-proposal-for-parking-lot-35/", "https://oaklandpostonline.com/54794/campus/oakland-university-student-congress-passes-resolution-against-new-data-center/", "https://www.crainsdetroit.com/education/oakland-university-moves-forward-data-center-exploration", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/michigans-oakland-university-puts-out-call-for-data-center-proposals/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "developer", "objective": "Petition to block Oakland University data center in Oakland University", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "clark-township-mi-2025-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Clark Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 46.265, "lng": -84.61, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2025-06-01", "summary": "Clark Township enacted a 1-year moratorium on data center development in June 2025, making it one of the earliest communities in Michigan to take preemptive action, months before the broader wave that grew to at least 27 communities. The statewide backlash culminated in bipartisan House Bills 5594-5596 proposing a construction halt through April 2027.", "sources": [ "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://bridgemi.com/michigan-environment-watch/at-least-19-michigan-towns-pause-data-centers-no-one-knows-if-itll-work/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Economic Development Responsibility Alliance of Michigan" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county": "Chippewa County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 1-year data centers moratorium in Clark Township", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_website": "https://edraofmi.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/edraofmi", "opposition_facebook_members": 163 }, { "id": "commercial-point-scioto-township-pickaway-county-oh-2025-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Commercial Point / Scioto Township (Pickaway County)", "state": "OH", "lat": 39.7665, "lng": -82.9649, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2026-03-01", "summary": "Scioto Township enacted a 12-month moratorium on data center developments in 2025. K-NOVA LLC's proposal for the Rickenbacker Exchange development in Commercial Point stalled when a related ordinance 'died due to a lack of motion' in the Village Council. K-NOVA's attorney presented a proposal to drill test wells for a water wellfield in October 2025, and a separate Major Site Plan was approved for a lot in Rickenbacker Exchange. The moratorium provides time to assess impacts while some site planning continues. The project involves 450 MW capacity, 152 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.sciotopost.com/proposed-152-acre-data-center-campus-in-commercial-point-borders-housing-development-in-pickaway-county/", "https://www.circlevilleherald.com/community/townhouses-voted-against-nda-won-t-renew-in-july/article_599b482c-f9b6-48ce-b951-464119fd7752.html", "https://www.statenews.org/section/the-ohio-newsroom/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Teays Valley Against Overgrowth" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "megawatts": 450, "petition_signatures": null, "acreage": 152, "building_sq_ft": 1750000, "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": null, "scope": "local", "company": "K-NOVA LLC", "county": "Pickaway County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "noise", "traffic", "water" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Deny K-NOVA 450MW data center permit in Commercial Point / (moratorium on data center development).", "community_outcome": "mixed", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/p/Teays-Valley-Against-Overgrowth-61575731036915/", "flags": [ { "type": "url_unverifiable", "note": "Validation: removed dead opposition_website link (https://teaysvalleyagainstovergrowth.com/).", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "city-of-la-grange-ky-2025-06-01", "jurisdiction": "City of La Grange", "state": "KY", "county": "Oldham County", "lat": 38.408, "lng": -85.379, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-06-02", "status": "relocated", "company": "Western Hospitality Partners", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Lincoln", "investment_million_usd": 6000, "megawatts": 600, "acreage": 267, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "We Are Oldham County" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.weareoldhamcounty.com/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/678306861237892/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 4077, "summary": "La Grange passed a 150-day moratorium on data centers and private utilities on June 2, 2025, later extended by another 150 days. Response to \"Project Lincoln,\" a proposed $6 billion hyperscale data center campus by Western Hospitality Partners on 267 acres of farmland. Massive community backlash led WHP to relocate and downsize. A deputy judge/executive was fired amid corruption allegations related to the deal. The project involves 600 MW capacity.", "sources": [ "https://www.wdrb.com/in-depth/oldham-county-looks-to-pause-data-center-deals-amid-pushback-over-6b-project/article_d51c7f32-ff65-4e5e-a982-ddd9eae91e47.html", "https://www.lpm.org/news/2025-07-02/oldham-county-passes-sweeping-data-center-moratorium-executive-fired-over-recording", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/planned-data-center-project-in-kentuckys-oldham-county-relocated-and-downsized-amid-backlash/" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook_members": 4300, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 150-day data centers moratorium in City of La Grange (Western Hospitality Partners)", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "millard-county-ut-2025-06-03", "jurisdiction": "Millard County", "state": "UT", "county": "Millard County", "lat": 39.3521, "lng": -112.5771, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-06-03", "status": "approved", "company": "Creekstone Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Delta Gigasite", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 10000, "acreage": 1100, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Millard County residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Millard County Commission unanimously approved Creekstone Energy's rezoning of ~1,200 acres from agricultural to heavy industrial on June 3, 2025, despite public opposition at the hearing. In March 2026, Creekstone secured a 13,000-acre solar lease and Millard County zoning approval for over 1 GW of solar development to power its Delta Gigasite data center campus. Combined with Joule Capital Partners' approved campus nearby, the two facilities will consume ~8 square miles of rural land. The project involves 10 GW capacity, 1,100 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.abc4.com/news/central-utah/millard-county-solar-project-ai-centers-public-opposition/", "https://www.deseret.com/business/2025/08/15/worlds-largest-data-center-campus-could-be-coming-to-central-utah/", "https://www.sunews.net/post/utah-s-data-center-boom-brings-big-promises-and-big-questions-for-rural-counties", "https://www.millardccp.com/articles/featured-news/planners-reject-data-center-solar-rezone/", "https://www.abc4.com/news/digital-exclusives/ai-data-centers-millard-county-concerns-water-usage-drought/", "https://grist.org/technology/utah-data-center-water-supply-meta-novva/", "https://www.sltrib.com/news/politics/2026/01/12/does-utah-have-enough-water-be/", "https://www.thecooldown.com/green-business/data-center-water-usage-utah-drought-concerns/", "https://www.ksl.com/article/51403916/creekstone-energy-closes-funding-round-to-advance-worlds-largest-data-center-campus-in-utah", "https://www.utahbusiness.com/industry/2025/11/05/data-center-creekstone-energy-joule-capital-partners-millard-county-fillmore/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Block Creekstone Energy rezoning of 1100 acres of farmland", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "north-slope-ak-2025-06-03", "jurisdiction": "North Slope Borough", "state": "AK", "county": "North Slope Borough", "lat": 69.788, "lng": -148.811, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-06-03", "status": "active", "company": "Stax Capital Partners", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 50, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Hilcorp, one of Alaska's biggest oil producers, is working with Texas-based TA Infrastructure to place a small pilot data center at its Endicott field on the North Slope. TA Infrastructure says it will use the computers in the shipping container for Bitcoin mining, with power from gas using Hilcorp's existing generators. The pilot aims to demonstrate the ability to operate in the unique North Slope environment and identify logistical/operational challenges for larger projects. Far North Digital LLC operates a 120 MW data center at Prudhoe Bay (planned, certified Tier 3-4). Gov. Dunleavy has been wooing data centers to increase energy demand to justify the proposed Alaska LNG pipeline. Alaska HB 259 (Mears) would impose 'no harm' style requirements on large new loads.", "sources": [ "https://alaskabeacon.com/2025/06/03/new-alaska-bitcoin-mine-would-use-as-much-power-as-the-states-largest-coal-plant-produces/", "https://www.ktoo.org/2025/06/04/new-alaska-bitcoin-mine-would-use-as-much-power-as-the-states-largest-coal-plant-produces/", "https://www.adn.com/business-economy/2025/06/05/new-alaska-bitcoin-mine-would-use-as-much-power-as-the-states-largest-coal-plant-produces/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose tax incentives for Stax Capital Partners in North Slope Borough", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "city-of-johnson-city-tn-2025-06-01", "jurisdiction": "City of Johnson City", "state": "TN", "county": "Washington County", "lat": 36.313, "lng": -82.354, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-06-05", "status": "passed", "company": "BrightRidge", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Johnson City residents", "Washington County Democratic Party" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "BrightRidge electric utility announced in May 2025 a moratorium on data center project proposals in its service area, including a south Johnson City Bitcoin mining/data center site, stating 'the costs currently outweigh the benefits.' The Johnson City Commission subsequently passed a one-year moratorium on new data centers and paused new land use applications and building permits in the I-2 industrial district for 12 months. The city is conducting studies on health and environmental effects that could lead to stronger zoning ordinances.", "sources": [ "https://wcyb.com/news/local/brightridge-puts-moratorium-on-data-center-project-proposals-in-region", "https://www.supertalk929.com/2025/06/06/one-year-moratorium-in-johnson-city-for-data-centers/", "https://www.wjhl.com/news/local/brightridge-pauses-any-new-data-center-projects/", "https://www.wjhl.com/news/local/johnson-city-commission-approves-moratorium-on-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "ratepayer", "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 1-year data centers and crypto mining moratorium in City of Johnson City (BrightRidge)", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "oregon-statewide-or-2025-06-05", "jurisdiction": "Oregon (statewide)", "state": "OR", "county": "Marion County", "lat": 44.9429, "lng": -123.0351, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-06-05", "status": "passed", "company": "Portland General Electric (utility)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "POWER Act (HB 3546)", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 20, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Oregon Citizens Utility Board", "Oregon Citizens' Utility Board (CUB)", "Climate Solutions" ], "opposition_website": "https://oregoncub.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/OregonCUB/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": "@OregonCUB", "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Oregon Legislature adopted the POWER Act (HB 3546) requiring Oregon PUC to create a new industrial customer class for users over 20 MW. CUB accused PGE of circumventing the law — PGE built $174M in substations for data centers but proposed assigning 47% of costs to residential ratepayers. Data centers are 6% of Oregon consumption, projected 20% by 2030. Oregon subsidizes data centers ~$450M/year in property tax breaks. The project involves the Portland General Electric proposal.", "sources": [ "https://www.opb.org/article/2025/12/15/utility-watchdogs-accuse-pge-of-skirting-new-law-meant-to-make-data-centers-pay-for-rising-demand/", "https://www.opb.org/article/2025/06/05/oregon-data-centers-cryptocurrency-business-environment-power-electricity/", "https://oregoncub.org/news/blog/is-pge-ignoring-oregons-new-data-center-law/3216/", "https://oregoncub.org/news/blog/power-act-passes-oregon-house/3121/", "https://www.opb.org/article/2026/03/02/data-centers-cut-bill-expanding-oregon-tax-breaks/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-14", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 3546 (POWER Act)", "bill_url": "https://olis.oregonlegislature.gov/liz/2025R1/Measures/Overview/HB3546", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Expand data center tax exemptions via HB 3546", "community_outcome": "mixed", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Pam Marsh (D-OR)", "Rep. Mark Owens (R-OR)", "Sen. Janeen Sollman (D-OR)" ], "opposition_facebook_members": 753 }, { "id": "minnesota-hf-16-mn-2025-06-14", "jurisdiction": "Minnesota (HF 16)", "state": "MN", "county": null, "lat": 44.955, "lng": -93.102, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-06-14", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Minnesota's HF 16 established comprehensive data center regulation. The law defines 'qualified large-scale data centers' (100 MW with $250M investment, $250M+ investment), eliminates the electricity sales tax exemption, extends the IT equipment exemption from 20 to 35 years, imposes $2M-$5M annual fees based on peak electrical demand, and requires prevailing wages. Passed House 85-43, Senate 40-26.", "sources": [ "https://www.house.mn.gov/sessiondaily/Story/18838", "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/bills/94/2025/1/HF/16/versions/0/", "https://climate-xchange.org/2026/01/lessons-learned-for-data-center-regulation-a-conversation-with-minnesota-advocates/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "HF 16 (Data Center Regulation Act)", "bill_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/bills/94/2025/1/HF/16/?body=house", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "contract_guarantees", "grid_energy", "tax_incentive", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Eliminate data center electricity tax exemption statewide (HF 16)", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Greg Davids (R-MN)", "Sen. Ann Rest (DFL-MN)" ] }, { "id": "chesapeake-va-2025-06-17", "jurisdiction": "Chesapeake", "state": "VA", "county": "Chesapeake (independent city)", "lat": 36.7682, "lng": -76.2875, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-06-17", "status": "defeated", "company": "Doug Fuller / Emerald Lakes Estates", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 22.6, "building_sq_ft": 350000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 50, "opposition_groups": [ "Residents Against the Etheridge Lakes Data Center" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 450, "summary": "Chesapeake City Council unanimously rejected a proposal to rezone 22.6 acres of agricultural land for a 350,000 sq ft data center. The Planning Commission had voted 6-1 against it. Over 650 emails and a 450-signature petition objected to the project. The council chamber erupted in a standing ovation after the unanimous rejection. The project involves the Doug Fuller proposal.", "sources": [ "https://virginiabusiness.com/chesapeake-city-council-rejects-massive-data-center/", "https://www.whro.org/business-growth/2025-06-17/chesapeake-city-council-rejects-data-center-proposal" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-18", "scope": "local", "bill_name": null, "bill_url": null, "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 200, "investment_usd": 500000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Deny Doug Fuller rezoning of 22.6 acres of farmland", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "texas-statewide-sb-6-tx-2025-06-20", "jurisdiction": "Texas (statewide SB 6)", "state": "TX", "scope": "statewide", "date": "2025-06-20", "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "status": "passed", "summary": "Texas SB 6, signed by Governor Abbott on June 20, 2025, imposes major data center regulations: facilities with 75+ MW must shoulder grid connection costs, maintain remote disconnect capability, disclose on-site backup generation capable of meeting 50% of site demand to ERCOT, and demonstrate financial commitment. The PUCT is implementing the law through multiple rulemaking dockets throughout 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterfrontier.com/energy/article/55298872/texas-senate-bill-6-a-bellwether-on-how-states-may-approach-data-center-energy-use", "https://www.mcguirewoods.com/client-resources/alerts/2025/7/texas-senate-bill-6-significantly-expands-regulatory-oversight-over-large-loads-in-ercot/", "https://datacenterfrontier.com/energy/article/55298872/texas-senate-bill-6-a-bellwether-on-how-states-may-approach-data-center-energy-use", "https://www.pillsburylaw.com/en/news-and-insights/texas-sb6-transmission-fees-interconnected-standards-large-load-customers-colocated-loads.html" ], "bill_name": "SB 6", "bill_url": "https://capitol.texas.gov/BillLookup/History.aspx?LegSess=89R&Bill=SB6", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "lat": 30.2672, "lng": -97.7431, "opposition_groups": [ "Public Citizen Texas" ], "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require data centers to bear grid costs and enable load shedding", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Phil King (R-TX)", "Sen. Charles Schwertner (R-TX)" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.citizen.org/" }, { "id": "clarke-county-ia-2025-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Clarke County", "state": "IA", "county": "Clarke County", "lat": 41.029, "lng": -93.784, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-06-23", "status": "passed", "company": "Applied Digital", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1500, "megawatts": 200, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Clarke County Board of Supervisors approved a temporary moratorium on data center construction in unincorporated areas in June 2025, prompted by Applied Digital's interest in a 200 MW, $1.5B facility in the region. Supervisor Randy Dunbar cited the absence of county zoning ordinances pertaining to data centers as the reason, saying the county needed to act before data centers appeared without oversight. The moratorium follows similar actions for commercial wind farms (since June 2023) and solar farms (since December 2024).", "sources": [ "https://clarkecounty.iowa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/6-23-2025.pdf" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose indefinite data centers and solar moratorium in Clarke County", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRMED. The current entry (clarke-county-ia-2025-06-01) carries investment_million_usd=1500 and megawatts=200, but multiple independent primary/secondary sources establish these figures belong to t", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "town-of-warrenton-va-2025-07-01", "jurisdiction": "Town of Warrenton", "state": "VA", "county": "Fauquier County", "lat": 38.7135, "lng": -77.7953, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-07-08", "status": "passed", "company": "GI Partners", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 42, "building_sq_ft": 220000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens for Fauquier County", "Citizens for Fauquier County (CFFC)", "Piedmont Environmental Council", "Protect Fauquier", "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.citizensforfauquier.org/data-centers-overview", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/CitizensForFauquierCounty/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Warrenton Town Council voted unanimously (5-0) on July 8, 2025 to amend the zoning ordinance, striking all references to data centers from Articles 3, 9 and 12, effectively banning new data centers in town. The Planning Commission had recommended the change 4-1 in May 2025. Over 2,300 citizens wrote or spoke in opposition to data centers. The change does not affect the special use permit granted in February 2022 for an Amazon data center on Blackwell Road.", "sources": [ "https://www.fauquier.com/news/town-council-votes-to-ban-data-centers-from-warrenton/article_0f58d64e-f89e-4dbd-8825-c06e65f1a4b7.html", "https://www.datacenterwatch.org/report", "https://www.citizensforfauquier.org/data-centers-overview", "https://www.citizensforfauquier.org/", "https://www.pecva.org/region/fauquier/gigaland/", "https://protectfauquier.com/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2025/05/21/report-highlights-community-pushback-stalling-64-billion-in-data-center-development-nationwide/", "https://www.fauquiernow.com/news/warrenton-town-council-pushes-back-against-data-centers-amends-zoning-ordinance/article_67ce814a-e880-4c95-8099-bac067988a25.html" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 30, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Ban data centers in designated zones in Town of Warrenton", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 1491 }, { "id": "monrovia-morgan-county-in-2025-07-01", "jurisdiction": "Monrovia (Morgan County)", "state": "IN", "county": "Morgan County", "lat": 39.575, "lng": -86.4808, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-07-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Google", "hyperscaler": "Google", "project_name": "Google Data Center Monrovia", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 1200, "acreage": 550, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 4000000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Morgan County", "Citizens Action Coalition", "Protect Morgan County IN" ], "opposition_website": "https://protectmorgancounty.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-rezoning-for-data-center-expansion-in-monrovia", "petition_signatures": 2724, "summary": "Google's data center in Monrovia was approved by Morgan County Commissioners despite fierce community opposition. Rezoning of farmland to planned unit development was approved in February 2025, with an additional 158 acres approved in October, bringing Google's total to 500+ acres. Two lawsuits were filed by residents (March and November 2025) alleging the rezoning was arbitrary and disregarded the county's comprehensive plan. Residents protested in July 2025, citing water table and energy cost concerns. The lawsuits remain pending. The project involves 1200 MW capacity, $1B investment, 550 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-rezoning-for-data-center-expansion-in-monrovia", "https://protectmorgancounty.org/", "https://www.wboi.org/government/2025-09-30/despite-resident-protests-morgan-county-plan-commission-gives-favorable-recommendation-for-data-center-re-zone", "https://www.wthr.com/article/news/local/google-announces-new-550-acre-data-center-campus-in-morgan-county-mooresville-indiana/531-0157e288-481d-41b1-8ead-36202861a993", "https://www.wrtv.com/news/local-news/morgan-county/construction-intensifies-on-googles-morgan-county-data-center-site", "https://dailyjournal.net/2025/10/22/google-reveals-itself-as-developer-behind-500-acre-morgan-county-data-center-campus/", "https://dailyjournal.net/2025/10/17/aes-indiana-plans-1200-megawatt-substation-for-morgan-county-data-center/", "https://www.wfyi.org/news/articles/indiana-data-centers-google-communities-fight-back-winning", "https://mirrorindy.org/aes-data-center-southside-monrovia-citizens-action-coalition/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-data-center-monrovia", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/google-behind-390-acre-data-center-development-in-morgan-county-indiana/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 1200, "investment_usd": 1000000000, "water_gallons_per_day": 4000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "transparency", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge Google rezoning in Monrovia in court", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "perry-township-oh-2025-07-01", "jurisdiction": "Perry Township", "state": "OH", "county": "Lake County", "lat": 41.76, "lng": -81.15, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-07-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Province Group", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Champion Farm Data Center Campus", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 215, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop the Data Center Construction in Perry Township" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_facebook_members": 528, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 211, "summary": "Province Group formally withdrew its zoning application for a data center campus in Perry Township/Perry Village as of July 2025. The developer had signed an agreement to purchase 163 acres from the village for $8.4M and planned a seven-building campus. Perry Village had approved Ordinance 2025-2 to add data centers to the zoning code, but community opposition led the village council to consider repealing it. A town hall meeting was held July 24 to address residents' concerns. The project involves 215 acres. Microsoft is associated with a DIFFERENT Perry Township (Allen County, not Lake County). Province Group project has no confirmed hyperscaler.", "sources": [ "https://www.news-herald.com/2025/07/11/perry-village-government-provides-updates-regarding-proposed-data-center/", "https://www.news-herald.com/2025/06/24/perry-village-amends-zoning-code-to-include-data-center-campuses/", "https://www.news-herald.com/2025/08/10/perry-village-getting-ready-to-post-more-answers-to-data-center-questions/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/microsoft-shares-details-on-ohio-data-center-in-perry-township/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": "Require use permit for Province Group data center in Perry Township", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "oldham-county-ky-2025-07-02", "jurisdiction": "Oldham County", "state": "KY", "county": "Oldham County", "lat": 38.4003, "lng": -85.4528, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-07-02", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Western Hospitality Partners", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Lincoln: OC Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 6000, "megawatts": 600, "acreage": 267, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "We Are Oldham County" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.weareoldhamcounty.com/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/p/We-are-Oldham-County-61574842714996/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/no-data-centers-in-oldham-county-only-sign-share-petition-not-for-donations", "petition_signatures": 4079, "summary": "Western Hospitality Partners proposed 'Project Lincoln: OC Data Center,' a $6B, 600MW facility initially planned for 267 acres at 3557 North Highway 53. Due to fierce opposition from 'We Are Oldham County,' the company tried switching to a smaller 30-acre drive-in movie theater site. Oldham County passed a 150-day moratorium 4-2, and Western Hospitality Partners subsequently withdrew its application entirely.", "sources": [ "https://www.lpm.org/news/2025-07-02/oldham-county-passes-sweeping-data-center-moratorium-executive-fired-over-recording", "https://www.lanereport.com/180437/2025/04/6b-data-center-project-proposed-for-oldham-county/", "https://www.lpm.org/news/2025-06-03/oldham-county-data-center-switches-sites-reduces-size-amid-local-resistance", "https://www.whas11.com/article/news/local/oldham-county-data-center-proposal-opposition/417-793370d3-51be-451a-847c-efcc84c2b48c", "https://www.wdrb.com/in-depth/opponents-pack-meeting-about-6-billion-oldham-county-data-center-plan/article_cabe30e6-bd8a-4795-b03a-daffb331ce38.html", "https://www.change.org/p/no-data-centers-in-oldham-county-only-sign-share-petition-not-for-donations" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 150-day data centers moratorium in Oldham County (Western Hospitality Partners)", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 4300 }, { "id": "gilroy-ca-2025-07-03", "jurisdiction": "Gilroy", "state": "CA", "county": "Santa Clara County", "lat": 37.0058, "lng": -121.5683, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-06-15", "status": "approved", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": "AWS Data Center at 8050 Camino Arroyo", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 49, "acreage": 56, "building_sq_ft": 438000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 19178, "jobs_promised": 25, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Gilroy Data Center" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61585975718358", "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/stopgilroydatacenternow/", "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-ai-data-centers-in-gilroy", "petition_signatures": 2259, "summary": "Amazon Web Services received approval on July 3, 2025 for a 218,000 sq ft, 49 MW data center requiring 25 emergency generators on a 56-acre site in Gilroy, California. Two Change.org petitions were created — one to stop the project and another to ban/regulate data centers in Gilroy. The mayor said the city cannot legally stop the project. Construction is moving forward despite community opposition. [Update 2026-06-22: UPDATE to gilroy-ca-2025-07-03. Renewed June surge of opposition to the AWS data center under construction in northeast Gilroy (218,000 sq ft, 49 MW, 7.5M gallons/yr water, 4-acre PG&E substation), profiled alongside Pittsburg in mid-June ABC7/KRON coverage. The change.org petition 'Banning & Regulating Data Centers in Gilroy' (created Feb 3, 2026 by...]", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-ai-data-centers-in-gilroy", "https://www.change.org/p/banning-regulating-data-centers-in-gilroy", "https://gilroydispatch.com/residents-raise-concerns-over-new-data-center-in-gilroy/", "https://www.kron4.com/news/technology-ai/gilroy-community-fights-against-amazon-from-constructing-data-center/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/amazon-data-services-gains-approval-for-data-center-on-56-acres-in-gilroy-california/", { "url": "https://abc7news.com/post/hundreds-show-pittsburg-city-council-meeting-opposing-data-center-development/19313397/", "title": "Massive data center projects spark backlash from Pittsburg and Gilroy communities - ABC7" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "opposition_instagram_followers": 2336, "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 49, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Ban data centers in designated zones in Gilroy", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "mesa-az-2025-07-08", "jurisdiction": "Mesa", "state": "AZ", "county": "Maricopa County", "lat": 33.4152, "lng": -111.8315, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-07-08", "status": "passed", "company": "CyrusOne", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "CyrusOne Mesa Data Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 62, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Mesa residents", "Arizona Chapter of 7x24 Exchange (industry opposition to restrictions)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Mesa City Council adopted new zoning rules on July 8, 2025, restricting data centers to General Industrial and Heavy Industrial zones (roughly 4.1% of city land) and requiring special use permits with City Council approval, design guideline compliance, and environmental studies. Fifteen data centers had been constructed, approved, or proposed in Mesa within six years prior. Existing proposals are grandfathered in, but all new projects must be sited in the designated industrial areas. The project involves the CyrusOne proposal, 62 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.kjzz.org/business/2025-07-14/mesa-city-council-approves-new-data-center-zoning-rules", "https://www.12news.com/article/news/local/valley/new-data-center-regulations-approved-by-mesa-leaders-arizona/75-db14238c-61cd-4f89-9cfa-f7759baa5cf3", "https://www.themesatribune.com/news/despite-opposition-mesa-board-oks-big-data-center/article_1ef491b0-4b8c-11ef-8b1a-cb99887dca3d.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/mesa-planning-officials-recommend-approval-for-cyrusone-and-pacific-proving-data-center-campuses/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 198, "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "environmental", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Require use permit for CyrusOne data center in Mesa", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "new-jersey-statewide-nj-2025-07-08", "jurisdiction": "New Jersey (statewide)", "state": "NJ", "county": "Ocean County", "lat": 40.2206, "lng": -74.7699, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-07-08", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "S4293/A5548 Transparency Bill", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club New Jersey", "New Jersey League of Conservation Voters", "Food & Water Watch", "Sierra Club (supportive)", "New Jersey Business & Industry Association (NJBIA) (opposed)", "New Jersey Business & Industry Association (NJBIA)", "Climate Revolution Action Network" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.climaterevolutionnj.org", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/NJSierraClub/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "New Jersey has introduced multiple data center bills. S4318 (Sen. Burzichelli, Sen. Greenstein) requires the BPU to study data center effects on electricity costs and was signed into law by Gov. Murphy. S4293 (Sen. Ruiz, Sen. Burgess) requires data centers to report water and energy usage to the BPU; conditionally vetoed by Gov. Murphy in October 2025. A5462/S4307 (Asm. Dave Bailey Jr.) would require electric utilities to develop special tariff rules for data centers using 100+ MW monthly to protect non-data-center customers from cost increases; pocket-vetoed by Gov. Murphy as one of his last acts and refiled in the 2026 session. In February 2026, committees in both chambers approved a bill requiring large power users (100+ MW/month) to pay at least 85% of their service costs.", "sources": [ "https://www.njspotlightnews.org/2025/09/how-much-water-and-energy-do-data-centers-consume-nj-bill-demands-answers", "https://newjerseymonitor.com/2025/10/20/governor-data-centers-veto/", "https://newjerseymonitor.com/2026/02/13/committees-approve-bill-aimed-at-data-centers-power-usage/", "https://www.sierraclub.org/new-jersey/blog/2026/02/key-legislation-ensure-data-center-transparency-and-energy-affordability", "https://www.route-fifty.com/infrastructure/2026/01/nj-lawmakers-ok-plan-charge-data-centers-spiking-electric-costs/410580/", "https://legiscan.com/NJ/text/S4318/id/3235739", "https://legiscan.com/NJ/text/S4293/id/3260078", "https://pub.njleg.gov/Bills/2024/A5500/5462_I1.HTM", "https://www.assemblydems.com/m/newsflash/Home/Detail/12939" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-03-16", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "S4318", "bill_url": "https://www.njleg.state.nj.us/bill-search/2024/S4318", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Study data center electricity cost impacts in New Jersey (S4318)", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Sen. John Burzichelli (D-NJ)", "Sen. Linda Greenstein (D-NJ)" ] }, { "id": "broadview-mt-2025-07-31", "jurisdiction": "Broadview", "state": "MT", "county": "Yellowstone County", "lat": 46.1, "lng": -108.878, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-07-31", "status": "active", "company": "Quantica Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Big Sky Digital Infrastructure", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1000, "acreage": 5000, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Montana Environmental Information Center (MEIC)", "Big Sky 55+", "Golden Triangle Resource Council", "MontPIRG" ], "opposition_website": "https://meic.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/MTEIC/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Quantica Infrastructure plans a 5,000-acre 'Big Sky Digital Infrastructure' AI campus near Broadview (pop. ~130) requiring up to 1 GW — more than NorthWestern Energy's entire residential customer base. Local resident Cari Olson has been rallying opposition statewide. Concerns include water, noise, and tax incentives. The project remains in early stages with no formal approvals as of early 2026. The project involves 5,000 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.ktvq.com/news/local-news/proposed-ai-data-center-sparks-debate-in-rural-montana", "https://montanafreepress.org/2026/02/12/as-ai-investors-eye-montana-for-new-data-centers-communities-brace-for-water-impacts/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-20", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "grid_energy", "noise", "tax_incentive", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Rally against Quantica Infrastructure data center in Broadview", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_facebook_members": 12088 }, { "id": "st-charles-mo-permanent-ban-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "St. Charles (Permanent Ban)", "state": "MO", "county": "St. Charles County", "lat": 38.7881, "lng": -90.4974, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-05-19", "status": "passed", "company": "CRG (Clayco) / Spark Innovations", "opposition_groups": [ "Good Government Committee", "Great Rivers Habitat Alliance", "Missouri Coalition for the Environment", "Missouri Workers Center", "Sierra Club St. Louis", "Wake Up Jeffco", "No Data Center in Festus", "No Data Center Festus MO", "St. Charles Residents Against Project Cumulus" ], "summary": "After CRG withdrew its data center proposal from St. Charles, the Festus City Council unanimously annexed 240 acres for data center development. At least two residents filed lawsuits; Wake Up Jeffco organized opposition. A door-to-door petition gathered 1,400 registered voter signatures calling for a public vote on whether to allow the data center. In February 2026, Festus City Council voted 7-0 to hire MarksNelson to negotiate terms with developer CRG. The council unanimously approved annexation of 240 acres near US Route 67 and approved rezoning. No site plan has been submitted yet and no end user identified. Two residents have filed lawsuits and the grassroots group Wake Up Jeffco is criticizing government secrecy. The city administrator said a data center operator could be identified by CRG in the first half of 2026. The project involves $1B investment. RESOLVED May 19, 2026: City Council voted 7-1 (Hollander dissenting; 2 absent) to pass Bill 14085, removing data centers as a permitted use in every zoning district — effectively a permanent ban, making the fall 2025 one-year moratorium permanent. Reported as the first data-center ban in the Midwest.", "sources": [ "https://www.ksdk.com/article/news/local/st-charles-ai-data-center-ban-first-in-nation/63-2c50fbcf-fcad-4b8d-bbcb-3711f6c2d29d", "https://www.kcur.org/housing-development-section/2025-08-19/st-charles-data-center-secret-public-opposition", "https://www.midriversnewsmagazine.com/news/st-charles-residents-push-back-on-hyperscale-data-center-near-city-s-water-source/article_0892c124-6c4c-4ca0-a741-ee7275fbfeb0.html", "https://www.firstalert4.com/2025/08/23/st-charles-places-1-year-pause-data-center-projects/", "https://www.kcur.org/housing-development-section/2025-09-08/google-missouri-data-center-st-charles", "https://www.kcur.org/politics-elections-and-government/2026-02-26/missouri-data-center-rules-water-electricity", "https://www.stlpr.org/economy-business/2025-09-08/documents-link-secretive-st-charles-data-center-google", "https://www.stlpr.org/news-briefs/2025-08-18/developer-controversial-data-center-st-charles", "https://www.govtech.com/products/proposed-st-charles-mo-data-center-is-dead-for-now", "https://grha.org/blogs/news/victory-for-the-confluence-data-center-withdrawn-amid-environmental-concerns", "https://www.ksdk.com/article/money/economy/energy/missouri-massive-data-center-st-charles-secretive-power-water-worries-polluted-groundwater-protected-wetland/63-cdae3e73-efab-4c0c-9215-938d064188e3", "https://www.stltoday.com/news/local/stcharles/article_c58f3b3e-c549-471a-9bf7-f1c9ee7c59b1.html", "https://baxtel.com/data-center/project-cumulus", "https://www.stltoday.com/news/local/st-charles/article_cc69ee91-9269-42c1-8a23-5a93d1c05679.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/bernie-sanders-praises-residents-after-developers-shelve-planned-data-center-in-st-charles-missouri/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-hazardous-data-center-in-st-charles-protect-our-water-health-and-community", "https://grha.org", "https://www.stlmag.com/business/rural-missouri-data-center-battleground/", "https://www.kcur.org/housing-development-section/2025-08-23/st-charles-data-center-year-ban", "https://www.govtech.com/policy/st-charles-mo-moves-to-ban-data-centers-for-1-year", "https://www.stlpr.org/government-politics-issues/2026-02-27/festus-leaders-next-step-approving-proposed-data-center", "https://www.stlpr.org/government-politics-issues/2025-11-13/developer-eyes-festus-site-new-data-center-development", "https://www.ksdk.com/article/news/politics/festus-residents-clash-over-data-center-proposal-at-city-council-meeting/63-c21a8c0d-169b-47ec-aa06-107395cdb6f7", "https://www.kcur.org/housing-development-section/2025-11-15/data-center-developer-missouri-festus-st-charles", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/developer-eyes-240-acre-data-center-campus-in-festus-missouri/", "https://www.myleaderpaper.com/news/festus-second-data-center-lawsuit-filed/article_576699c7-2a83-48e4-a3bd-824b9ae760d1.html", "https://www.ksdk.com/article/news/local/business-journal/st-charles-moves-to-permanently-ban-data-centers/63-3e1aa0a7-f1f0-4d30-b6b5-0f08648b55c5", "https://fox2now.com/news/missouri/st-charles-considering-permanent-ban-on-data-centers/", "https://www.stlpr.org/news-briefs/2026-02-10/st-charles-officials-table-vote-banning-large-scale-data-centers-april", "https://www.firstalert4.com/2026/02/10/st-charles-planning-zoning-table-proposal-ban-data-centers/", { "url": "https://www.ksdk.com/article/news/politics/st-charles-city-council-votes-7-1-to-effectively-ban-data-centers/63-7c9264ad-1dc5-4c38-853a-1f7cddf9c2ac", "title": "St. Charles City Council votes 7-1 to ban data centers" }, { "url": "https://www.stlpr.org/2026-05-20/st-charles-passes-a-ban-on-data-centers", "title": "St. Charles passes ban on data centers" }, { "url": "https://fox2now.com/news/missouri/st-charles-council-to-consider-ban-on-large-data-centers/", "title": "St. Charles council to consider ban on large data centers" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "transparency", "water", "community_impact", "tax_incentive", "zoning", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Convert St. Charles moratorium into permanent citywide ban", "community_outcome": "win", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-hazardous-data-center-in-st-charles-protect-our-water-health-and-community", "petition_signatures": 8029, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Cumulus", "acreage": 440, "investment_million_usd": 1000, "building_sq_ft": 1500000, "jobs_promised": 150, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/GreatRiversHabitatAlliance/", "opposition_twitter": "https://twitter.com/GRHAmo", "opposition_website": "https://www.nofestusdatacenter.org/", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Google': no primary source explicitly names the tenant for this project.", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "augusta-charter-township-mi-2025-08-01", "jurisdiction": "Augusta Charter Township", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.2167, "lng": -83.7833, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-08-01", "status": "active", "company": "Thor Equities", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 100, "acreage": 810, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Augusta Charter Township (PACT)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/protectACT/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-data-center", "petition_signatures": 957, "summary": "Thor Equities proposed a $1 billion data center on 810 acres (building on about 20%) near Milan. Despite the Planning Commission recommending denial, the Board of Trustees unanimously approved rezoning of 522 acres in July 2025. PACT (Protect Augusta Charter Township) gathered 957 signatures in two weeks (needed 561) to force a public referendum. The special election is expected May 2026 at earliest. PACT is confident residents will vote the project down. Opponents fear noise, light pollution, destruction of rural character, higher utility bills, and brownouts. Thor committed to abiding by the township's noise ordinance. The project involves 100 MW capacity.", "sources": [ "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/08/augusta-data-center-opposition/", "https://michiganadvance.com/2025/10/09/a-michigan-town-hopes-to-stop-a-data-center-with-a-2026-ballot-initiative/", "https://bridgemi.com/michigan-environment-watch/tiny-michigan-town-hopes-to-stop-data-center-with-ballot-initiative/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/09102025/michigan-town-effots-to-stop-data-center/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/local-officials-recommend-denial-of-thor-equities-data-center-in-michigan/", "https://www.clickondetroit.com/news/local/2025/06/03/farming-community-resists-1b-data-center-project-in-washtenaw-county/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 100, "investment_usd": 1000000000, "water_gallons_per_day": 1000000, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland", "grid_energy", "noise", "ratepayer", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Force public referendum on Thor Equities data center in Augusta Charter", "community_outcome": "mixed", "flags": [ { "type": "url_unverifiable", "note": "Validation: removed dead opposition_website link (https://edraofmi.org/augusta-charter-township).", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "city-of-north-mankato-mn-2025-08-01", "jurisdiction": "City of North Mankato", "state": "MN", "county": "Nicollet County", "lat": 44.173, "lng": -94.0338, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-08-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Oppidan", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 500, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 30000000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/MCEA1974/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Oppidan halted its data center project citing lengthy permitting for diesel generators. MCEA (Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy) sued the city in August 2025, alleging officials hid information and approved a faulty AUAR (Alternative Urban Areawide Review) environmental study. MCEA argues the review failed to adequately analyze water withdrawals from the Mount Simon-Hinckley Aquifer that supplies drinking water to ~1 million Minnesotans. The proposed development could consume 500,000 to 30 million gallons of water/day. Even though Oppidan backed away, the lawsuit remains necessary because the approved AUAR could allow future data center proposals. Briefing expected April 2026. The project involves 500 MW capacity.", "sources": [ "https://www.mankatofreepress.com/news/local_news/data-center-plans-stalled-in-north-mankato-after-developer-backs-out/article_d0617045-9eed-4633-a055-aed5b0405879.html", "https://www.mncenter.org/latest-our-data-center-lawsuits-mceas-chief-legal-officer", "https://www.mncenter.org/press-release-new-lawsuits-highlight-shortcomings-and-lack-transparency-surrounding-environmental", "https://radiomankato.com/mcea-sues-lakeville-and-north-mankato-over-data-center-proposals/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Sue for environmental review of Oppidan project", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 4700, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Confirm the flag (figure_unverified) but the proposal's stated rationale is factually wrong and must be corrected. The proposal claims \"megawatts=500 could not be corroborated in any source.\" It CAN b", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "wake-county-nc-2025-08-01", "jurisdiction": "Wake County", "state": "NC", "county": "Wake County", "lat": 35.723, "lng": -78.5482, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2025-08-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Natelli Investments LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "New Hill Digital Campus", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 300, "acreage": 190, "building_sq_ft": 800000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 1000000, "jobs_promised": 250, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Wake County Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://protectwakecounty.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stand-against-data-center-new-hill-nc", "petition_signatures": 5472, "summary": "Natelli Investments LLC withdrew its annexation and rezoning applications for the New Hill Digital Campus on March 5, 2026 — a 190-acre, 250-300 MW data center on Shearon Harris Road near Apex, NC. The withdrawal cited the Town's ongoing deliberations over zoning changes needed to permit data centers. Mayor Pro Tem Terry Mahaffey then proposed a one-year moratorium on new data centers, which the Apex Town Council unanimously voted to advance on March 10, 2026. A public hearing on the moratorium is set for April 14, 2026. Mayor Jacques Gilbert proposed forming a non-standing committee to research data center impacts. Project would have included six 70-foot-tall buildings. Natelli indicated the project could be revisited if zoning is later amended.", "sources": [ "https://www.wunc.org/environment/2026-03-05/proposed-data-center-new-hill-digital-campus-wake-county-apex", "https://www.wral.com/news/local/natelli-withdraws-apex-data-center-project-shearon-harris-march-2026/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/developer-withdraws-proposal-for-250mw-data-center-in-apex-north-carolina/", "https://www.wunc.org/environment/2026-03-11/apex-data-center-moratorium-wake-county", "https://hoodline.com/2026/03/apex-neighbors-help-ax-mega-new-hill-data-center-plan/", "https://indyweek.com/news/apex-data-center-application-withdrawn-by-developer/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/residents-rally-against-250mw-data-center-proposal-in-wake-county-north-carolina/", "https://indyweek.com/news/as-chatham-considers-moratorium-wake-county-residents-continue-opposition-to-proposed-apex-data-center/", "https://abc11.com/post/apex-residents-oppose-proposed-190-acre-data-center-old-us-1-sharon-harris-road/18399493/", "https://www.change.org/p/stand-against-data-center-new-hill-nc" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 300, "investment_usd": 1000000000, "water_gallons_per_day": 1000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland", "grid_energy", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 12-month data centers and crypto mining moratorium in Wake County (Natelli Investments)", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "bessemer-al-2025-08-01", "jurisdiction": "Bessemer", "state": "AL", "county": "Jefferson County", "lat": 33.4012, "lng": -86.9544, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-11-18", "status": "approved", "company": "Logistics Land Investment", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Marvel", "investment_million_usd": 14500, "megawatts": 1200, "acreage": 700, "building_sq_ft": 4500000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 2000000, "jobs_promised": 330, "opposition_groups": [ "Alabama Rivers Alliance", "NAACP", "Great Rivers Habitat Alliance", "NAACP (Alabama State Conference)", "NAACP (Metro Birmingham Branch)", "NAACP Center for Environmental and Climate Justice" ], "opposition_website": "https://alnaacp.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/alabama.rivers", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-700-acre-project-marvel-data-center-in-bessemer-alabama", "petition_signatures": 702, "summary": "Bessemer City Council voted 5-2 on November 18, 2025 to approve the Project Marvel data center on ~700 acres. The decision followed extensive community opposition.", "sources": [ "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/25092025/naacp-opposes-massive-alabama-data-center/", "https://alabamareflector.com/2025/10/12/bessemer-changes-its-laws-to-accommodate-data-centers-despite-stiff-opposition/", "https://naacp.org/articles/naacp-issues-letter-opposing-project-marvel-data-center-alabama-growing-concerns", "https://wordinblack.com/2025/09/alabama-data-center-is-hush-hush/", "https://www.wbrc.com/2025/11/19/bessemer-city-council-approves-149-billion-data-center-project-despite-transparency-concerns/", "https://www.africanelements.org/news/data-centers-environmental-racism-and-the-fight-for-community-power-in-bessemer-alabama/", "https://alabamarivers.org/project-marvel/", "https://abc3340.com/news/abc-3340-news-iteam/bessemer-rezoning-fight-continues-over-proposed-data-center-court-hearing-complaint-motion-to-dismiss-response-legal-ruling-complaint-amendment-dispute-follow-up", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/700-acre-data-center-in-bessemer-alabama-approved-despite-opposition/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "investment_usd": 14500000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Logistics Land Investment data center in Bessemer", "community_outcome": "loss", "opposition_facebook_members": 14000 }, { "id": "charles-city-county-va-2025-08-01", "jurisdiction": "Charles City County", "state": "VA", "county": "Charles City County", "lat": 37.3432, "lng": -77.0608, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-08-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Diode Ventures", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Roxbury Technology Park", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 515, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 100, "opposition_groups": [ "Charles Citizens First" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/charlescitycitizensfirst", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Kansas-based Diode Ventures withdrew its $1B rezoning application for the 515-acre Roxbury Technology Park in Charles City County on August 18, 2025, after 8 months of resident organizing. The Planning Commission had backed the project in May, but a June Board of Supervisors meeting drew more than two and a half hours of public opposition citing environmental impacts, noise and light pollution, and lack of an identified end user. The company said it would shift focus elsewhere, citing challenges with power availability and municipal support. Meta is inferred via Diode's track record in Kansas City but not confirmed for this Charles City project.", "sources": [ "https://www.wric.com/news/local-news/charles-city-county/residents-celebrate-data-center-withdrawal/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/diode-files-for-515-acre-data-center-park-outside-richmond-virginia/", "https://virginiabusiness.com/data-center-campus-planned-for-charles-city-county/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 288, "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "developer", "objective": "Force withdrawal of $1B Diode Ventures rezoning in Charles City County through resident organizing", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Meta': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" }, { "type": "url_unverifiable", "note": "Validation: removed dead opposition_website link (https://charlescitycitizensfirst.org/).", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "ellendale-nd-2025-08-01", "jurisdiction": "Ellendale", "state": "ND", "county": "Dickey County", "lat": 46.0027, "lng": -98.5262, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-08-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Applied Digital", "hyperscaler": "CoreWeave", "project_name": "Ellendale AI Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 7000, "megawatts": 250, "acreage": 900, "building_sq_ft": 369000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Ellendale No Eminent Domain group" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Applied Digital's $7B Polaris Forge 1 campus in Ellendale hosts a 250 MW data center leased to CoreWeave for 15 years. Construction is underway despite community resistance. At a packed city meeting, residents wearing 'No Eminent Domain' t-shirts and carrying 'My Land, My Choice' signs confronted elected officials about lack of representation. The facility requested annexation into the city of Ellendale in late 2024. North Dakota lawmakers are now considering legislation to address rifts between infrastructure developers and landowners. The project continues despite ongoing opposition. The project involves 900 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.valleynewslive.com/2025/08/28/construction-ellendale-ai-data-center-underway-community-concerns-addressed/", "https://northdakotamonitor.com/2025/09/02/controversial-data-center-moves-forward-in-eastern-north-dakota/", "https://northdakotamonitor.com/2026/02/27/lawmakers-seek-to-smooth-rift-between-some-infrastructure-developers-landowners/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/applied-digital-signs-250mw-agreement-with-coreweave-for-capacity-at-ellendale-campus-north-dakota/", "https://www.inforum.com/news/north-dakota/7-billion-data-center-deal-in-southeast-north-dakota-is-worth-the-growing-pains-residents-say", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/applied-digital-secures-5bn-15-year-lease-with-hyperscaler-at-north-dakota-data-center-campus/", "https://www.bisnow.com/national/news/data-center-community-relations/local-opposition-data-center-developers-getting-personal-133460", "https://www.enr.com/articles/62110-construction-of-3b-data-center-in-north-dakota-spurs-annexation-battle", "https://southdakotasearchlight.com/2026/01/30/north-dakota-town-serves-as-an-example-of-the-promise-and-perils-of-data-centers-for-south-dakota/", "https://ir.applieddigital.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/123/applied-digital-announces-250mw-ai-data-center-lease-with", "https://ir.applieddigital.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/128/applied-digital-finalizes-additional-150mw-lease-with" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Ban NDAs concealing Applied Digital development in Ellendale", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "memphis-tn-2025-08-01", "jurisdiction": "Memphis", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.0599, "lng": -90.1118, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-08-01", "status": "active", "company": "xAI", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Supercomputer facility", "investment_million_usd": 6000, "megawatts": 150, "acreage": 552, "building_sq_ft": 785000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 5700000, "jobs_promised": 320, "opposition_groups": [ "Southwest Memphis community members", "Memphis Community Against Pollution (MCAP)", "Protect Our Aquifer", "Young Gifted & Green", "Boxtown Neighborhood Association", "NAACP", "Southern Environmental Law Center", "Earthjustice", "Memphis Has The Power" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.memphiscap.org/mcapcampaigns/blog-post-title-three-4frah", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/memphiscap", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Elon Musk's xAI built 'Colossus,' the world's largest AI supercomputer, in Boxtown — a 90% Black neighborhood in southwest Memphis. Originally operated 35 methane-powered gas turbines without Clean Air Act permits; xAI removed 20 and obtained permits for the remaining 15. SELC and Earthjustice, on behalf of the NAACP, sent a notice of intent to sue xAI in February 2026 over 27 unpermitted methane gas turbines at the Colossus 2 site (just across the state line in Mississippi), which could make it the largest industrial NOx source in the 11-county Memphis metro. In January 2026, the EPA revised its New Source Performance Standard requiring permits for large gas turbines even for temporary operations, complicating xAI's expansion. In March 2026, xAI filed a request for a new construction permit for a 312,000 sq ft building at 5414 Tulane Road on a 79-acre parcel adjacent to Colossus 2, with a $659 million budget. Mississippi DEQ held a February 2026 hearing on the Colossus 2 expansion under threat of environmental lawsuit. Opposition coalition includes Memphis Community Against Pollution, Protect Our Aquifer, Young Gifted & Green, and the NAACP.", "sources": [ "https://www.ehn.org/community-pushback-grows-over-musk-backed-supercomputer-in-southwest-memphis", "https://tennesseelookout.com/2025/07/07/a-billionaire-an-ai-supercomputer-toxic-emissions-and-a-memphis-community-that-did-nothing-wrong/", "https://time.com/7308925/elon-musk-memphis-ai-data-center/", "https://www.selc.org/news/resistance-against-elon-musks-xai-facility-in-south-memphis-gets-stronger/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/17072025/elon-musk-xai-data-center-gas-turbines-memphis/", "https://www.actionnews5.com/2026/02/13/selc-plans-sue-xai-over-gas-turbines-mississippi/", "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/01/16/musks-xai-faces-tougher-road-expanding-memphis-area-after-epa-update.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/elon-musks-xai-to-spend-659m-on-new-building-for-memphis-data-center-cluster/", "https://naacp.org/articles/naacp-and-advocacy-groups-appeal-permit-xais-south-memphis-data-center-decisions-around", "https://www.selc.org/news/xai-built-an-illegal-power-plant-to-power-its-data-center/", "https://www.selc.org/press-release/new-images-reveal-elon-musks-xai-datacenter-has-nearly-doubled-its-number-of-polluting-unpermitted-gas-turbines/", "https://prismreports.org/2025/06/18/xai-memphis-data-center-pollution/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "more_perfect_union_video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3VJT2JeDCyw", "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 4900, "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "transparency", "water", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Sue xAI for unpermitted gas turbines in Memphis", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "medina-county-tx-2025-08-01", "jurisdiction": "Medina County", "state": "TX", "county": "Medina County", "lat": 29.3558, "lng": -98.8789, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-08-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Microsoft", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": "SAT 93 & SAT 94", "investment_million_usd": 700, "megawatts": 300, "acreage": 440, "building_sq_ft": 1175000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Castroville residents", "Environment Texas" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Microsoft filed plans for two data centers ($350M each) near Castroville while Rowan Digital Infrastructure's Project Cinco is developing a separate $900M hyperscale campus on 440 acres with 300 MW capacity in Medina County, Texas. The county is in an 'exceptional drought' and the projects would draw water from the Edwards Aquifer. Rowan announced investment in an Edwards Aquifer Authority conservation program to achieve 250% offset of water usage. Eight data centers total are planned for the county. San Antonio-area data centers already consumed 463 million gallons of water in 2023-2024 while residents face Stage 3 watering restrictions. The projects are moving forward despite drought concerns. The project involves $700M investment.", "sources": [ "https://www.mysanantonio.com/realestate/article/microsoft-data-centers-castroville-san-antonio-20827271.php", "https://www.ksat.com/news/local/2025/10/03/the-impact-of-billion-dollar-data-centers-in-water-stressed-medina-county/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/rowan-digital-to-invest-in-water-conservation-program-in-medina-county-texas/", "https://www.newsweek.com/texas-data-center-water-artificial-intelligence-2107500", "https://www.kens5.com/article/news/community/texas-san-antonios-data-center-economy-skyline/273-82d28bd3-34c2-48bb-a493-cd24008bc9cc" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "investment_usd": 700000000, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Microsoft data center over Edwards Aquifer drought impacts", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified. The building_sq_ft=1,175,000 figure is NOT corroborated by any working primary source and the figure_unverified flag is warranted. Verified facts (recommended_value field=flag,", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "mooresville-nc-2025-08-01", "jurisdiction": "Mooresville", "state": "NC", "county": "Iredell County", "lat": 35.5849, "lng": -80.8101, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-08-13", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Tract", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Mooresville data center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1500, "acreage": 400, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 500000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "No to Mooresville Technology Park" ], "opposition_website": "https://nodatacentermooresvillenc.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Denver-based Tract proposed the $30B Mooresville Technology Park on 400 acres of undeveloped land owned by Teresa Earnhardt, widow of NASCAR champion Dale Earnhardt. The project drew intense community backlash. Dale Earnhardt's eldest son Kerry and his wife Rene posted a YouTube video detailing their opposition, saying their father would be 'furious' to see his name associated with the project. About 200 people crowded a Board of Commissioners meeting wearing red T-shirts to signal opposition, with all 10 speakers raising concerns about water use in a drought-prone region and skepticism about job promises. Tract withdrew the rezoning request on August 13, 2025. The project involves 1500 MW capacity.", "sources": [ "https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/dale-earnhardt-widow-son-battle-data-center-mooresville-north-carolina-rcna223895", "https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/dale-earnhardt-widow-data-center-backs-off-mooresville-north-carolina-rcna224827", "https://www.wcnc.com/article/news/local/mooresville-nc-data-center-pushback-8-6-2025/275-3f149e6b-e7c5-46dc-8e40-cc1a9d6cf6be", "https://nodatacentermooresvillenc.com/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "farmland", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "developer", "objective": "Block Tract data center through opposition in Mooresville", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRM figure_unverified for megawatts=1500. Independently verified against DCD, Data Center Frontier, Baxtel, datacentermap, the Mooresville Tribune explainer, and the opposition site (nodatacenterm", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "port-washington-wi-2025-08-01", "jurisdiction": "Port Washington", "state": "WI", "county": "Ozaukee County", "lat": 43.3872, "lng": -87.8756, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-08-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Vantage Data Centers", "hyperscaler": "OpenAI", "project_name": "Stargate", "investment_million_usd": 15000, "megawatts": 902, "acreage": 672, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 22000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Great Lakes Neighbors United", "Protect Fredonia Coalition", "Party for Socialism and Liberation (PSL)", "No Data Centers in Ozaukee County", "No DCs in Ozaukee County WI" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.saveportwashington.com/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/GreatLakesNeighborsUnited", "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/greatlakesneighborsunited/", "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-port-washington-wi-data-center", "petition_signatures": 3795, "summary": "Port Washington, WI: Great Lakes Neighbors United (represented by attorney Joseph Cincotta) filed suit in Ozaukee County Circuit Court challenging the city's $458M Tax Incremental District No. 5 for Vantage Data Centers' Lighthouse / Stargate campus, arguing the property is not blighted nor industrial as required by statute, the project fails the 'but-for' test, and TID interest reimbursements are improper. In March 2026 Judge Adam Gerol declined to dismiss and gave GLNU 30 days to amend; Vantage was added as a defendant. A status conference was held April 16, 2026 at the Ozaukee County Justice Center. Separately, the Metropolitan Milwaukee Association of Commerce sued in early March 2026 seeking an injunction to block the April 7 TID referendum from the ballot; the court denied the injunction, the referendum proceeded, and voters approved the TID-cap measure 66%-34%.", "sources": [ "https://www.tmj4.com/news/ozaukee-county/port-washington-neighbors-host-town-hall-rally-against-15-billion-data-center-project", "https://www.gmtoday.com/news_graphic/news/glnu-challenges-port-washington-data-center/article_f0120984-fde9-40f7-99f4-da5c0d009ec9.html", "https://www.wpr.org/news/port-washington-council-approves-tid", "https://www.gmtoday.com/news_graphic/news/great-lakes-neighbors-data-center/article_8dbeec3c-067d-53e0-ae25-5ebb2700a6dc.html", "https://www.wpr.org/news/community-challenges-port-washingtons-data-center-tid-court", "https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/in-focus/2026/01/30/port-washington--data-center--great-lakes-neighbors-united", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/three-arrested-at-data-center-hearing-in-port-washington-wisconsin/", "https://www.protectfredonia.com/why-1", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-port-washington-wi-data-center", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/openai-oracle-and-vantage-plan-stargate-wisconsin-data-center-expected-to-be-close-to-a-gigawatt/", "https://www.constructiondive.com/news/openai-oracle-stargate-data-center-site-wisconsin/804031/", "https://www.wpr.org/news/port-washington-data-center-campus-openai-oracle-stargate-chatgpt", "https://wtmj.com/news/2026/02/17/attempt-to-recall-port-washington-mayor-by-anti-data-center-group-fails-according-to-city/", "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2026/02/14/community-group-files-suit-against-port-washingtons-data-center/", "https://www.wpr.org/news/data-center-opponents-launch-recall-of-port-washington-mayor", "https://wtmj.com/news/2026/02/17/attempt-to-recall-port-washington-mayor-by-anti-data-center-group-fails-according-to-city/", "https://www.gmtoday.com/news_graphic/news/port-washington-tid-lawsuit/article_4642152b-7077-44cc-99ff-7a79d1f83c53.html", "https://www.ozaukeepress.com/content/data-center-tif-challenge-paused-rewrite", "https://biztimes.com/mmac-sues-city-of-port-washington-over-referendum-related-to-tid-financing/", "https://www.mmac.org/news/mmac-regional-stakeholders-file-suit-against-port-washington/", "https://www.gmtoday.com/daily_news/news/court-denies-business-groups-request-to-block-tid-ordinance/article_a4e62231-1cbc-543f-84fa-b347c6ec4fb0.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "opposition_instagram_followers": 2078, "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 902, "investment_usd": 15000000000, "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Recall officials who approved data center in Port Washington", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "yerington-lyon-county-nv-2025-08-01", "jurisdiction": "Yerington (Lyon County)", "state": "NV", "county": "Lyon County", "lat": 38.9855, "lng": -119.1627, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-12-04", "status": "approved", "company": "Copia Power Devco LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Monarch Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 11000, "megawatts": 1000, "acreage": 505, "building_sq_ft": 4600000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Yerington residents", "Mason Valley residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-monarch-data-center-in-yerington-nevada", "petition_signatures": 1842, "summary": "Copia Power Devco LLC (backed by Carlyle) received 4-1 approval from Lyon County commissioners for a Master Plan Amendment to build the Monarch Data Center - 4.6 million sq ft across 14 buildings on 505 acres in Mason Valley, Yerington. The 1,000MW facility would require enough electricity to power roughly 500,000 homes. Multiple Change.org petitions object to the project, citing water scarcity in the drought-prone region, corruption allegations against officials, and impacts on the agricultural community. Commissioner Hockaday cast the lone dissenting vote. The project involves 1 GW capacity, $11B investment.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-monarch-data-center-in-yerington-nevada", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-mega-data-center-coming-to-yerington-nevada", "https://www.carsonnow.org/12/07/2025/lyon-county-commissioners-ok-master-plan-amendment-for-data-center", "https://pizenswitchtimes.com/2025/08/05/penrose-lane-in-yerington-nv-proposed-master-plan-amendment-to-specific-plan-for-4-6-million-square-feet-of-data-centers/", "https://newprojectmedia.com/origination-copia-power-plans-usd-11bn-data-center-campus-with-carlyle-backing-in-lyon-county-nv/", "https://nevadacurrent.com/2026/02/09/data-center-water-power-needs-regulatory-challenges-strain-rural-communities/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "farmland", "grid_energy", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Copia Power Devco data center in Yerington", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "lebanon-boone-county-in-2025-08-01", "jurisdiction": "Lebanon (Boone County)", "state": "IN", "county": "Boone County", "lat": 40.0484, "lng": -86.4694, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-08-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Meta", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": "LEAP District Data Center Campus", "investment_million_usd": 10000, "megawatts": 1000, "acreage": 1500, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 5000000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Boone County Preservation Group", "Citizens Action Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://preserving-boone-county.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/preservingboonecounty/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/preservingboonecounty", "petition_signatures": 2582, "summary": "Meta officially broke ground on its $10B+, 1500-acre data center campus at the LEAP Innovation and Research District in Lebanon, Indiana on February 11, 2026. The campus will feature 13 buildings (10 data centers plus support facilities), supporting ~300 permanent operational jobs and ~4,000 peak construction jobs. Meta committed $45M in road improvements and $1M/year for 20 years to the Boone County REMC Community Fund. The project uses ~5M gallons/day. Wabash Valley Power Alliance increased transmission spending by 1,300% ($627M) primarily for Meta, with costs likely passed to ratepayers. 200+ people rallied in Feb 2026. Opposition was led by Boone County Preservation Group and Citizens Action Coalition; petition gathered 2,581 signatures. First buildings expected online by end of 2027.", "sources": [ "https://lebanon.in.gov/2026/02/11/meta-makes-lebanon-data-center-announcement-official/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/meta-set-to-develop-1500-acre-data-center-campus-outside-indianapolis-indiana/", "https://www.wthr.com/article/news/local/constructions-begins-10-billion-dollar-meta-data-center-campus-leap-district-lebanon-boone-county/531-c85df967-1125-4606-b7cd-2323e7efc019", "https://indianacapitalchronicle.com/2026/02/11/details-on-long-expected-meta-data-center-campus-unveiled/", "https://dailyjournal.net/2026/02/12/meta-begins-construction-on-10b-data-center-campus-at-leap-district-in-lebanon/", "https://iedc.in.gov/events/news/details/2026/02/11/gov.-braun-breaks-ground-on-10b-meta-data-center-campus-at-leap-district", "https://www.wfyi.org/news/articles/indiana-data-center-protest-lebanon-meta", "https://commercialobserver.com/2026/02/meta-data-center-lebanon-indiana/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "bill_name": null, "bill_url": null, "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 1000, "investment_usd": 10000000000, "water_gallons_per_day": 3000000, "issue_category": [ "farmland", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Rally against Meta data center in Lebanon", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRM. Independently verified via WebSearch (DCD itself returned 403 to automated fetch, but multiple working sources corroborate). The water_usage_gallons_per_day=5,000,000 figure (and the \"~5M gal", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "richland-parish-la-2025-08-01", "jurisdiction": "Richland Parish", "state": "LA", "county": "Richland Parish", "lat": 32.454, "lng": -91.764, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "utility_regulation", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2025-08-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Meta", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": "Hyperion", "investment_million_usd": 27000, "megawatts": 2200, "acreage": 3650, "building_sq_ft": 4000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 23000000, "jobs_promised": 500, "opposition_groups": [ "Alliance for Affordable Energy", "Earthjustice", "Union of Concerned Scientists", "Sierra Club" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.all4energy.org/watchdog/meta-data-center-to-cause-entergy-bill-increase/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Meta's Hyperion AI data center in Richland Parish, Louisiana — a $27B joint venture with Blue Owl Capital — is undergoing dramatic expansion. In February 2026, Meta quietly purchased an additional 1,400 acres adjacent to the existing 2,250-acre site, expanding to 3,650 acres total. On March 27, 2026, Meta announced an Entergy agreement to build seven new gas-fired power plants on top of three previously approved, totaling 10 gas plants with 7.5 GW of capacity — a >30% increase to Louisiana's entire grid capacity, enough to power 5+ million homes. The project has caused a 600% spike in vehicle crashes and forced Holly Ridge Elementary to shut down its playground due to truck safety. Low-income families are being evicted for Meta worker housing, and at least 5,000 temporary workers are flooding a parish of ~20,000 permanent residents. The facility uses ~23M gallons/day and $550M in transmission costs are being passed to 1.1M Entergy customers. Hyperion is expected operational by 2030. On April 15, 2026, the Louisiana Public Service Commission voted 4-1 to fast-track Entergy's $21 billion application to build SEVEN additional gas-fired power plants for Meta's Hyperion data center, on top of three previously approved. Commissioner Davante Lewis was the lone opponent. The decision dramatically escalates ratepayer risk and locks in a massive fossil-fuel buildout for a single private customer. UPDATE 2026-04-21: On April 15, 2026 the LPSC fast-tracked 7 ADDITIONAL gas plants for Meta — bringing the total to 10 plants. 4-1 vote with Commissioner Lewis dissenting. Final vote scheduled for November.", "sources": [ "https://fortune.com/2026/02/04/meta-hyperion-ai-data-center-louisiana-expansion/", "https://fortune.com/2026/03/26/meta-ai-data-center-hyperion-louisiana/", "https://fortune.com/2026/03/27/meta-hyperion-10-gas-power-plants-louisiana-entergy/", "https://thelensnola.org/2026/03/30/meta-triples-order-of-gas-fired-power-plants-for-its-ai-campus-in-louisiana/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/meta-purchases-additional-1400-acres-for-hyperion-mega-data-center-expansion/", "https://www.enr.com/articles/62766-27b-meta-data-center-pushes-louisiana-toward-massive-power-expansion", "https://www.wwno.org/local-regional-news/2025-11-19/construction-on-metas-largest-data-center-brings-600-crash-spike-chaos-to-rural-louisiana", "https://www.cbsnews.com/news/meta-ai-data-center-richland-parish-louisiana-energy-costs/", "https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/rural-louisiana-meta-s-new-data-center-promises-growth-what-cost", "https://prospect.org/2025/12/22/demands-for-data-center-moratoriums-surge/", "https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/consumer-groups-alarmed-as-louisiana-psc-declines-to-take-up-probe-into-meta-risky-financing-deal", "https://www.entergy.com/news/entergy-louisiana-receives-lpsc-approval-for-major-infrastructure-investments-to-support-metas-data-center-and-improve-reliability", "https://lailluminator.com/2025/08/20/entergy-meta/", "https://southernrenewable.org/news-updates/srea-statement-on-settlement-in-louisiana-public-service-commission-docket-regarding-new-meta-data-center", "https://lpscpubvalence.lpsc.louisiana.gov/portal/PSC/DocketDetails?docketId=32146", "https://www.entergy.com/news/entergy-louisiana-announces-a-new-agreement-with-meta-that-will-deliver-an-additional-2b-in-customer-savings", "https://lailluminator.com/2025/11/22/meta-data-center-crashes/", "https://veritenews.org/2025/11/20/louisiana-meta-data-center-construction-vehicle-crashes/", "https://capitalbnews.org/meta-richland-parish-ai-data-center/", "https://thelensnola.org/2026/01/29/meta-datacenter-louisiana-corruption-water-power-utilities/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 2000, "water_gallons_per_day": 1500000, "investment_usd": 27000000000, "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "traffic", "water", "noise" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Oppose transmission lines for Meta data center", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "lakeville-mn-2025-08-01", "jurisdiction": "Lakeville", "state": "MN", "county": "Dakota County", "lat": 44.65, "lng": -93.242, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-08-01", "status": "active", "company": "Olam Holdings 1 LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 152, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.mncenter.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "MCEA sued Lakeville and developer Olam Holdings, alleging the city deliberately concealed that a 1.36M sq ft, 152-acre development is likely a data center, describing it generically as 'light industrial.' The environmental review was accused of being inadequate. The lawsuit is ongoing as of early 2026. The project involves the Olam Holdings 1 LLC proposal. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'loss' per https://minnlawyer.com/2026/06/01/judge-affirms-lakeville-environmental-review-data-center-lawsuit/.]", "sources": [ "https://www.mncenter.org/data-centers-lawsuits", "https://www.hometownsource.com/sun_thisweek/community/lakeville/lakeville-defends-its-environmental-review-of-an-alleged-data-center-project/article_64f3b99d-6cef-4669-bac3-6bd1d21b2554.html" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Sue for environmental review of Olam Holdings 1 project", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "north-tonawanda-ny-2024-07-01", "jurisdiction": "North Tonawanda", "state": "NY", "county": "Niagara County", "lat": 43.0387, "lng": -78.8642, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-06-16", "status": "passed", "company": "Digihost (existing operator)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 60, "acreage": 14, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 20, "opposition_groups": [ "Clean Air Coalition of Western New York", "North Tonawanda residents (Deborah Gondek, organizer)" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.cacwny.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/CleanAirWNY/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "North Tonawanda Common Council unanimously approved a two-year moratorium on all new crypto mining and data center developments in July 2024, expiring July 2026. The ban covers new operations and prevents Digihost from expanding at the 60MW Fortistar gas plant. In November 2025, the New York Supreme Court ordered the state's Public Service Commission to reassess Digihost's 2021 acquisition of the gas plant. Digihost is also expanding to Alabama. As of early 2026, the moratorium remains in effect and there is no indication it will be lifted before expiration. [Update 2026-06-22: UPDATE to north-tonawanda-ny-2024-07-01. In mid-June the North Tonawanda City Council extended its AI data center moratorium for one additional year; the mayor said the city does not want to 'become a data center city,' and residents (citing years of crypto-operation noise) urged the council to write local standards first.]", "sources": [ "https://www.govtech.com/policy/north-tonawanda-n-y-bans-new-crypto-mining-for-2-years", "https://www.wivb.com/news/local-news/niagara-county/north-tonawanda/north-tonawanda-implements-2-year-ban-on-crypto-mining-establishments/", "https://earthjustice.org/press/2024/victory-new-york-court-rescinds-approval-of-fracked-gas-power-plant-sale-to-cryptocurrency-mining-company-in-north-tonawanda", "https://www.gem.wiki/Digihost_Fortistar_Niagara_County_facility", "https://www.wgrz.com/article/news/local/north-tonawanda-residents-join-forces-to-rally-against-digihost-bitcoin-mining-project/71-79ff4df5-4553-47de-8502-22c3ea6cddc9", "https://www.cacwny.org/campaigns/north-tonawanda/", "https://www.wkbw.com/news/local-news/north-tonawanda-homeowners-rallied-outside-city-hall-about-the-digihost-plant", "https://www.btpm.org/local/2025-08-12/north-tonawanda-residents-rally-as-crypto-mining-facility-goes-to-court", "https://www.wgrz.com/article/tech/science/environment/impacts-north-tonawanda-cryptomines-nuclear-power/71-1f8c0958-4d71-4443-86b6-c30e4df93afc", { "url": "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-june-17-2026/", "title": "Data Centers: Daily Notes | June 17, 2026 - Strisker" } ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose two-year moratorium on crypto mining and data centers in North Tonawanda", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified. The acreage=14 value cannot be corroborated by any primary source and is almost certainly a misattribution. The GEM wiki evidence page (https://www.gem.wiki/Digihost_Fortistar_", "added": "2026-06-21" } ] }, { "id": "wrangell-ak-2025-08-21", "jurisdiction": "Wrangell", "state": "AK", "county": "Wrangell City and Borough", "lat": 56.4711, "lng": -132.3767, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-08-21", "status": "active", "company": "Greensparc", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 2, "acreage": 2, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "The Alaska Center" ], "opposition_website": "https://akcenter.org/continuing-the-data-center-conversation-read-our-whitepaper/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/TheAKCenter", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": "https://www.twitter.com/AKCenter", "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Greensparc (CA-based) is pursuing a small-scale modular data center project at the former 6-Mile mill site in Wrangell, AK. The borough assembly unanimously authorized a nonbinding agreement to explore the lease. Wrangell's economic development board voted 5-0 on Jan 5, 2026 to recommend the assembly move forward with a 1-2 acre lease. Greensparc plans 3.5 MW of capacity, potentially reducing local utility rates. Wrangell hosted a town hall with industry partners on Feb 19, 2026. Wrangell's hydroelectric power (Tyee Lake station — to be expanded to ~30 MW after a third turbine planned for 2027) appeals to cloud computing companies marketing low-carbon operations. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://www.wrangellsentinel.com/stories/assembly-unanimously-denies-greensparc-data-center-lease,64759.]", "sources": [ "https://wrangellsentinel.com/stories/borough-wants-to-pursue-possible-data-center-tenant-at-6-mile-mill-site,24587", "https://www.ketchikandailynews.com/news/alaska/data-center-lease-recommended-wrangell-planning-group-votes/article_55efe7dc-592f-4c6a-8606-21dd936f063a.html", "https://www.wrangellsentinel.com/stories/planning-commission-recommends-approval-of-data-center-lease,48289", "https://www.juneauindependent.com/post/proposed-small-scale-data-center-in-wrangell-raises-questions", "https://akcenter.org/", "https://www.ketchikandailynews.com/news/alaska/data-center-lease-recommended-wrangell-planning-group-votes/article_55efe7dc-592f-4c6a-8606-21dd936f063a.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "noise", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Greensparc data center over water in Wrangell", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 12171 }, { "id": "wilsonville-al-2025-08-24", "jurisdiction": "Wilsonville", "state": "AL", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 33.2348, "lng": -86.4836, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-08-24", "status": "active", "company": "NorthPoint Development", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Wilsonville Hyperscale Data Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1008, "acreage": 664, "building_sq_ft": 3000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Wilsonville residents", "Wilsonville residents (No Wilsonville Data Center)" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-construction-of-a-data-center-in-fourmile-wilsonville-shelby-county-al", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-construction-of-a-data-center-in-fourmile-wilsonville-shelby-county-al", "petition_signatures": 316, "summary": "NorthPoint Development (Kansas City) has been approached the town about a 687-acre, 14-building hyperscale data center with 1,008MW peak power demand and 3.1 million sq ft in Wilsonville, AL — a small riverside community of fewer than 2,000 people about 25 miles southeast of Birmingham. The site is 2.5 miles northwest of the Gaston Steam Plant, alongside Lick Branch off Shelby County Highway 61. More than 100 residents packed the town hall in 2025 to voice opposition. As of early 2026, no formal applications have been filed in Wilsonville or Shelby County. The project remains in early exploratory stages with the Alabama Rivers Alliance and Inside Climate News continuing to spotlight community concerns about water, power, and rural character.", "sources": [ "https://alabamareflector.com/2025/08/24/wilsonville-residents-seek-preemptive-strike-against-massive-data-center-project/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/20082025/wilsonville-alabama-residents-against-massive-data-center/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-construction-of-a-data-center-in-fourmile-wilsonville-shelby-county-al", "https://www.bhamwiki.com/w/Wilsonville_Hyperscale_Data_Center" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Petition to block NorthPoint Development data center in Wilsonville", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "harwood-nd-2025-08-25", "jurisdiction": "Harwood", "state": "ND", "county": "Cass County", "lat": 46.9777, "lng": -96.6086, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-08-25", "status": "approved", "company": "Applied Digital", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Polaris Forge 2", "investment_million_usd": 3000, "megawatts": 280, "acreage": 900, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Harwood residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Applied Digital's $3B Polaris Forge 2 data center (280MW) near the 900-person town of Harwood is proceeding. Fargo withdrew its annexation attempt, and an agreement was reached where Fargo stops annexation and Harwood ceases plans to annex land to the east, lasting 20 years. Phase 1 expected operational in second half of 2026. The dispute centered on which municipality would capture tax revenue from the massive project.", "sources": [ "https://www.inforum.com/news/fargo/fargo-withdraws-annexation-attempts-of-3-billion-ai-data-center-near-harwood", "https://www.enr.com/articles/62110-construction-of-3b-data-center-in-north-dakota-spurs-annexation-battle" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "noise", "ratepayer", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Community pressure forces Applied Digital to withdraw in Harwood", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "fauquier-county-remington-va-2025-06-18", "jurisdiction": "Fauquier County (Remington)", "state": "VA", "county": "Fauquier County", "lat": 38.5321, "lng": -77.8117, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-08-25", "status": "cancelled", "company": "GigaLand LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Gigaland Data Center Campus", "investment_million_usd": 3067, "megawatts": 800, "acreage": 202, "building_sq_ft": 2200000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Piedmont Environmental Council", "Protect Fauquier", "Citizens for Fauquier County" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.pecva.org/region/fauquier/gigaland/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "GigaLand LLC sought to rezone 202 acres for an 800MW, 2.2M sq ft data center campus with seven 80-foot buildings. The Planning Commission voted 4-1 to recommend denial. Developers withdrew on August 25, 2025, calling it 'a direct result of the strong community opposition.' The project involves 2.2 million square feet of building space. Opposition was led by Piedmont Environmental Council, Protect Fauquier, and Citizens for Fauquier County.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/plans-for-800mw-gigaland-data-center-campus-withdrawn-in-fauquier-county-virginia/", "https://www.pecva.org/region/fauquier/gigaland/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-06", "scope": "local", "bill_name": null, "bill_url": null, "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "developer", "objective": "Deny GigaLand rezoning of 202 acres in Fauquier County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "dona-ana-county-nm-2025-08-27", "jurisdiction": "Dona Ana County", "state": "NM", "county": "Doña Ana County", "lat": 32.3199, "lng": -106.7637, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-08-27", "status": "approved", "company": "BorderPlex Digital Assets", "hyperscaler": "OpenAI", "project_name": "Project Jupiter", "investment_million_usd": 165000, "megawatts": 900, "acreage": 1400, "building_sq_ft": 2000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 20000, "jobs_promised": 750, "opposition_groups": [ "Empowerment Congress of Dona Ana County", "New Mexico Environmental Law Center", "Sierra Club Rio Grande Chapter" ], "opposition_website": "https://empowernm.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/EmpowerNM", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Doña Ana County, New Mexico approved a historic Industrial Revenue Bond for Project Jupiter, a $165 BILLION (over 30 years) AI data center campus by STACK Infrastructure and BorderPlex Digital Assets, with Oracle as anchor tenant. On April 14, 2026, the County Commission adopted a resolution directing the County Manager to independently verify Project Jupiter's water use claims, responding to public pressure over water transparency. On March 31, 2026, the New Mexico State Land Commissioner rejected the gas pipeline application needed to power Project Jupiter — a major energy obstacle. The project faces two lawsuits, 7,000+ public comments on air permits, and growing community opposition.", "sources": [ "https://www.donaana.gov/news_detail_T7_R35.php", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/oracle-revealed-as-tenant-of-project-jupiter-data-center-campus-in-new-mexico/", "https://www.oracle.com/news/announcement/blog/oracle-advances-american-ai-innovation-in-new-mexico-2026-01-23/", "https://sourcenm.com/2026/03/31/nm-state-land-commissioner-rejects-application-for-gas-pipeline-to-power-project-jupiter-data-center/", "https://www.krqe.com/news/new-mexico/massive-data-center-project-in-dona-ana-county-facing-one-hurdle/", "https://projectjupitertogether.com/", "https://www.nmborderplex.com/project-jupiter-approved-a-transformative-leap-for-the-new-mexico-borderplex/", "https://www.abqjournal.com/news/doa-ana-county-agrees-to-community-meeting-over-project-jupiter/2998531", "https://www.organmountainnews.com/project-jupiter-air-permits-hearing-decision-delayed/", "https://truthout.org/articles/secretive-new-mexico-data-center-plan-races-forward-despite-community-pushback/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/groups-sue-to-stall-data-center-project-in-do%C3%B1a-ana-county-new-mexico/", "https://kfoxtv.com/news/local/judge-denies-dona-ana-county-bid-to-dismiss-project-jupiter-open-meetings-lawsuit" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "environmental", "transparency", "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge BorderPlex Digital Assets air quality permits in court", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "clayton-county-ga-2025-09-01", "jurisdiction": "Clayton County", "state": "GA", "county": "Clayton County", "lat": 33.5413, "lng": -84.3588, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-09-01", "status": "active", "company": "TA Realty/EdgeConneX (324 MW Ellenwood) and Digital Realty (Forest Park/former Fort Gillem)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 959, "megawatts": 324, "acreage": 35, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Renew DeKalb Inc." ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Clayton County Board of Commissioners approved a moratorium on new data center applications through December 31, 2025, citing resident concerns about rapid data center growth. On December 16, 2025, the Board unanimously voted to extend the moratorium until June 29, 2026. The moratorium applies to new applications for permits, licenses, or rezonings for both new data centers and expansion of existing ones in unincorporated Clayton County.", "sources": [ "https://www.claytoncountyga.gov/news/clayton-county-board-of-commissioners-approves-moratorium-on-new-data-centers-in-clayton-county/", "https://www.wsbtv.com/news/local/clayton-county/clayton-county-commissioners-pass-data-center-moratorium-through-end-year/Z6267BV7TVAEPG7I35KHP2PFT4/", "https://www.news-daily.com/news/clayton-boc-passes-data-center-moratorium/article_e3ebec5c-f6ce-432f-a584-8968556756ae.html", "https://www.fox5atlanta.com/news/activists-warn-proposed-ellenwood-data-center-could-create-wasteland", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/ta-realty-gets-green-light-for-data-center-outside-atlanta-georgia/", "https://metroatlantaceo.com/news/2024/07/ta-realty-and-edgeconnex-develop-324-mw-hyperscale-campus-atlanta-ga/", "https://www.ajc.com/news/2025/06/clayton-county-agency-approves-tax-break-for-1b-data-center/", "https://www.cbsnews.com/atlanta/news/let-the-people-speak-tensions-boil-over-at-dekalb-meeting-on-data-center-regulations/", "https://www.news-daily.com/news/clayton-county-boc-extending-data-center-moratorium/article_ac1dfa43-3798-4a15-a9c8-342177ae4091.html" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 180, "investment_usd": 959000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Halt data centers in Clayton County after TA Realty proposal", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "troup-county-ga-2025-09-01", "jurisdiction": "Troup County", "state": "GA", "county": "Troup County", "lat": 33.0335, "lng": -85.0277, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-09-01", "status": "active", "company": "Fertile Ground Investments", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 600, "acreage": 513, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Troup County Anti-Data Center Coalition (Gage Bailey, founder)", "Troup County Anti-Data Center Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/24200940622890970/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://act.sierraclub.org/actions/Georgia?actionId=AR0585535", "petition_signatures": 72, "summary": "Troup County enacted a 90-day moratorium on data center applications on September 16, 2025, after Fertile Ground Investments proposed a 600 MW data center on 437 acres near Hogansville. The moratorium was extended twice and is now on its third consecutive 90-day extension through June 14, 2026. The county unveiled a proposed data center zoning ordinance requiring special-use permits, environmental community impact analysis, and decommissioning plans with surety bonds. Commissioners voted April 9, 2026 to continue discussion on the draft ordinance.", "sources": [ "https://www.11alive.com/article/news/local/troup-county-moratorium-on-data-centers/85-87d5c110-12db-4a48-88dd-70bda4ac47c9", "https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/11/26/why-are-troup-county-residents-saying-no-600-mw-data-center-in-hogansville", "https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/10/22/wave-of-data-center-ordinances-sweep-through-ga-counties-how-strict-are-they", "https://www.desmog.com/2025/08/20/georgia-county-puts-off-key-data-center-vote-after-public-backlash/", "https://www.fox5atlanta.com/news/troup-countys-90-day-pause-data-centers", "https://www.lagrangenews.com/news/troup-extends-data-center-moratorium-another-90-days-c6ce311c", "https://www.lagrangenews.com/2025/09/18/hold-on-county-sets-90-day-moratorium-on-new-data-centers/", "https://www.lagrangenews.com/news/hogansville-residents-protest-against-proposed-data-center-c8f47f93", "https://www.times-georgian.com/news/local/anti-data-center-group-we-will-continue-to-show-up/article_373d4ee8-a4e3-5e07-bac4-17d78cec0742.html", "https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/08/21/why-lagrange-residents-are-concerned-about-incoming-data-center-project-pegasus", "https://www.lagrangenews.com/news/troup-extends-data-center-moratorium-another-90-days-c6ce311c", "https://www.lagrangenews.com/news/troup-unveils-proposed-data-center-draft-ordinance-5b5dcee3" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 600, "investment_usd": 9700000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "noise", "ratepayer", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 90-day data centers moratorium in Troup County (Fertile Ground Investments)", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "prince-george-s-county-md-2025-09-01", "jurisdiction": "Prince George's County (Landover)", "state": "MD", "county": "Prince George's County", "lat": 38.8296, "lng": -76.8453, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-09-01", "status": "active", "company": "Lerner Enterprises (Brightseat Associates LLC)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Brightseat Tech Park", "investment_million_usd": 5000, "megawatts": 820, "acreage": 87, "building_sq_ft": 4100000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "No Data Center in Landover coalition", "Taylor Frazier McCollum (petition organizer)", "Party for Socialism and Liberation DC", "No Data Center in Landover", "South County Environmental Justice Coalition", "Brandywine TB Southern Region Neighborhood Coalition", "17 for Peace and Justice" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/nolandoverdata/", "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-at-former-landover-mall-site", "petition_signatures": 23826, "summary": "The Qualified Data Center Task Force released a 460+ page report with 14 recommendations. Key proposals include ending 'permitted-by-right' approvals for data centers, requiring special-exception or planned-development processes with community hearings, tightening zoning restrictions, protecting environmentally sensitive areas, and increasing buffer distances from homes. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://www.bayjournal.com/news/energy/maryland-counties-to-data-center-industry-slow-down/article_c8362372-9a29-4ef9-925a-c81840390a95.html.]", "sources": [ "https://foxbaltimore.com/news/local/prince-georges-county-data-centers-zoning-electric-grid-energy-maryland", "https://marylandmatters.org/2025/09/17/prince-georges-county-moves-to-put-data-center-development-on-pause/", "https://commercialobserver.com/2025/09/data-center-pause-prince-george-maryland/", "https://dbknews.com/2025/12/04/prince-georges-county-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "opposition_instagram_followers": 2268, "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 820, "investment_usd": 5000000000, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Halt data centers in Prince George's after Lerner Enterprises proposal", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "city-of-lagrange-ga-2025-09-01", "jurisdiction": "City of LaGrange", "state": "GA", "county": "Troup County", "lat": 33.0393, "lng": -85.0322, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-09-23", "status": "expired", "company": "Thor Equities / Form8tion", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Pegasus", "investment_million_usd": 8000, "megawatts": 400, "acreage": 270, "building_sq_ft": 2560000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Science for Georgia" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/Sci4GA", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": "https://x.com/Sci4GA", "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "LaGrange City Council passed a 180-day moratorium on new data center applications in September 2025 amid community backlash. The moratorium expired in March 2026. On March 27, 2026, the City Council held a public hearing on a proposed data center ordinance. The draft ordinance defines hyperscale data centers as those larger than 30,000 sq ft, permits them only in heavy industrial districts, and requires a 300-foot vegetative buffer. The Troup County Anti-Data Center Coalition says the proposed ordinance lacks adequate protection for citizens and drinking water.", "sources": [ "https://www.wsbtv.com/news/local/lagrange-city-council-passes-180-day-moratorium-data-centers/LFCNYS3HWRE3VJ3AJBBLRT3COA/", "https://www.lagrangenews.com/2025/09/09/citizens-raise-concerns-over-data-centers-in-town-hall-meeting/", "https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/10/22/wave-of-data-center-ordinances-sweep-through-ga-counties-how-strict-are-they", "https://www.wsbtv.com/news/local/lagrange-city-council-passes-180-day-moratorium-data-centers/LFCNYS3HWRE3VJ3AJBBLRT3COA/", "https://www.lagrangenews.com/2025/09/16/185894/", "https://scienceforgeorgia.org/", "https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/08/21/why-lagrange-residents-are-concerned-about-incoming-data-center-project-pegasus", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/thor-equities-buys-270-acres-in-georgia-for-data-center/", "https://baxtel.com/data-center/thor-equities-lagrange-ga", "https://www.bisnow.com/atlanta/news/industrial/new-york-investor-buys-big-in-lagrange-for-future-data-center-campus-125401", "https://www.lagrangenews.com/news/anti-data-center-coalition-says-proposed-ordinance-falls-short-adfe3cc6" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 400, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in City of LaGrange (Thor Equities / Form8tion)", "community_outcome": "mixed", "opposition_facebook_members": 7500 }, { "id": "pike-county-ga-2025-09-01", "jurisdiction": "Pike County", "state": "GA", "county": "Pike County", "lat": 33.091, "lng": -84.3835, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-09-01", "status": "active", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Pike County enacted a 6-month data center moratorium in September 2025 as part of a wave of Georgia county ordinances (alongside Lamar, Troup, and Clayton counties), prompted by Amazon/AWS interest. Commissioner James Jenkins said 'people just don't understand (data centers), yet.' County ordinance adoption is expected as moratoria expire. Notably, in April 2026, Georgia lawmakers ended the legislative session without passing any of the bipartisan data center bills introduced — including HB 1012 which would have placed a statewide moratorium until February 2027. The Pike County moratorium remains in effect while regulations are drafted. , not Pike County specifically.)", "sources": [ "https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/10/22/wave-of-data-center-ordinances-sweep-through-ga-counties-how-strict-are-they", "https://www.sierraclub.org/georgia/datacenters" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Halt data centers in Pike County after Amazon/AWS proposal", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "AWS attribution uncertain — GPB source names AWS for Lamar County (adjacent", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "lamar-county-ga-2025-09-01", "jurisdiction": "Lamar County", "state": "GA", "county": "Lamar County", "lat": 33.0735, "lng": -84.1474, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-09-01", "status": "active", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 270, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 985, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Lamar County enacted a 6-month moratorium on data center development in September 2025 after AWS purchased 985 acres for $270 million — the largest real estate transaction in county history. The county's planning and zoning director said the moratorium was triggered because industrial/commercial zoning needed updating; the code didn't even include the term 'data center,' and zoning hadn't been updated since 2010. As of April 2026, Georgia statewide legislation has stalled (no bills passed), leaving counties as the front line of regulation. Lamar County is one of four GA counties (Pike, Lamar, Troup, Clayton) using moratoria to develop ordinances.", "sources": [ "https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/10/22/wave-of-data-center-ordinances-sweep-through-ga-counties-how-strict-are-they", "https://www.ajc.com/business/2026/04/georgia-lawmakers-leave-data-center-tax-breaks-intact-punt-on-energy-costs/", "https://thecurrentga.org/2026/04/03/georgia-lawmakers-failure-to-act-on-data-center-concerns-draws-community-ire/", "https://georgiarecorder.com/2026/01/20/outrage-over-surge-of-data-centers-in-georgia-inspires-wave-of-bipartisan-bills/", "https://www.wabe.org/georgia-lawmakers-debating-data-center-moratorium-and-regulation-bills-in-legislature/" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Halt data centers in Lamar County after Amazon/AWS proposal", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "statesville-nc-2025-09-01", "jurisdiction": "Statesville", "state": "NC", "county": "Iredell County", "lat": 35.7826, "lng": -80.8873, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-09-08", "status": "approved", "company": "Compass Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 330, "building_sq_ft": 1350000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Statesville area residents (Facebook group, 900+ members)", "Statesville residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/654722720648967/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Compass Data Centers proposed a $1B+ campus on 333 acres of farmland on Stamey Farm Road in western Iredell County. Plans include five buildings of approximately 270,000 sq ft each (1.35M total) with 40 backup generators per building. A Facebook group with 900+ members organized opposition citing air and groundwater pollution and property value impacts. Despite opposition, the Statesville City Council unanimously approved the project in September 2025. The project involves 500 MW capacity. Statesville City Council approved the project 8-0 unanimously.", "sources": [ "https://www.govtech.com/products/despite-protests-north-carolina-city-approves-data-center", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/compass-datacenters-proposes-333-acre-campus-in-statesville-north-carolina/", "https://www.iredellfreenews.com/news-features/2025/statesville-planning-board-votes-to-support-rezoning-for-compass-data-centers-project-despite-vocal-opposition/", "https://www.governing.com/infrastructure/north-carolina-city-approves-massive-data-center-despite-local-opposition", "https://www.wbtv.com/2025/08/21/data-center-proposal-statesville-draws-concerns-residents/", "https://www.wcnc.com/article/news/local/statesville-rezoning-requests-controversial-data-center/275-45e60d6c-9600-470b-853c-984fbd3b27a0", "https://www.datacentermap.com/usa/north-carolina/charlotte/compass-statesville/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "opposition_facebook_members": 900, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 500, "investment_usd": 1000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland", "traffic", "water", "air_quality", "property_values" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Organize coalition against Compass Data Centers data center in Statesville", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "hampden-township-pa-2025-09-01", "jurisdiction": "Hampden Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Cumberland County", "lat": 40.2431, "lng": -76.9264, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-09-01", "status": "defeated", "company": "Undisclosed", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Food & Water Watch", "Coalition to Protect Cumberland County PA" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 300, "summary": "Hampden Township Commissioners unanimously rejected a proposed zoning ordinance amendment that would have designated office-park zones for data centers. Some 300 residents signed a petition, and commissioners heard more than two hours of public comment from dozens of people, most voicing concerns about the change. Food & Water Watch's eastern Pennsylvania organizer Virginia Marcille-Kerslake mobilized opposition through a door-to-door campaign with flyers and QR codes. Residents raised concerns about air, light, and noise impacts. The rejection was part of a broader wave of Pennsylvania communities proactively restricting data centers.", "sources": [ "https://www.abc27.com/local-news/carlisle-west-shore/midstate-township-rejects-controversial-data-center-amendment/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/15102025/pennsylvania-communities-restrict-data-center-development/", "https://pennwatch.org/hampden-township-commissioners-say-yes-to-wawa-no-to-data-center/", "https://www.govtech.com/artificial-intelligence/pennsylvania-townships-move-fast-with-data-center-guardrails" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-03-23", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Deny Undisclosed data center permit in Hampden Township", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "st-louis-mo-2025-09-01", "jurisdiction": "St. Louis", "state": "MO", "county": "St. Louis (Independent City)", "lat": 38.627, "lng": -90.1994, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "approved", "company": "Contour / TeraWatt / THO Investments (Armory Innovation District consortium)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Armory Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 3000, "megawatts": 120, "acreage": 11, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Eco-Socialist Green Party of Eastern Missouri", "Missouri Workers Center", "Missouri Coalition for the Environment", "Action St. Louis", "Missouri Jobs with Justice", "Sierra Club St. Louis", "WEPOWER", "Democratic Socialists of America St. Louis", "Party for Socialism and Liberation St. Louis", "Metropolitan Congregations United" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/no-more-data-centers-in-st-louis", "petition_signatures": 14043, "summary": "On April 21, 2026, the St. Louis Board of Public Service unanimously approved the permit for a 120 MW data center adjacent to the historic Armory in Midtown St. Louis, weeks after Mayor Cara Spencer requested the vote be delayed. The permit imposes conditions: closed-loop air-cooled chillers, minimum 50% renewable energy within five years, $15M for multimodal enhancements, and no tax abatements. The project anticipates $423 million in tax revenue over 10 years and $27.4M first-year revenue for the city plus $33.4M for SLPS. The 120 MW size qualifies for Ameren Missouri's hyperscale rate structure. Developed by a consortium including Contour, TeraWatt, THO Investments, Steadfast City, ARCO, and Lewis Rice.", "sources": [ "https://www.stlpr.org/government-politics-issues/2026-03-31/st-louis-mayor-cara-spencer-armory-data-center-zoning", "https://www.ksdk.com/article/news/local/mayor-cara-spencer-city-board-postpone-vote-armory-data-center/63-4586cc07-32c7-46ad-a71b-5a92ba7b4323", "https://www.change.org/p/no-more-data-centers-in-st-louis", "https://www.stlpr.org/government-politics-issues/2026-04-21/data-center-project-near-armory-final-approval-st-louis", "https://www.stlmag.com/news/midtown-data-center-armory-board-of-public-service/", "https://www.stlouis-mo.gov/government/departments/mayor/news/data-center-permit-approved.cfm" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 120, "investment_usd": 600000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Propose data centers moratorium after Contour proposal", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "packer-township-banks-township-pa-2025-09-01", "jurisdiction": "Packer Township / Banks Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Carbon County", "lat": 40.925, "lng": -75.85, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-09-01", "status": "pending", "company": "NorthPoint Development", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Former Power Station Data Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 1400, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Save Carbon County", "Greenfire Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.savecarboncounty.com/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/savecarboncounty", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-data-center-in-packer-township-and-banks-township", "petition_signatures": 158, "summary": "NorthPoint Development proposed a data center at a former power station site on approximately 1,400 acres in Carbon County's Packer and Banks townships. The project has been delayed by officials. Opposition groups Save Carbon County and Greenfire Coalition have spoken out, with two petitions gathering around 900 signatures total. Concerns focus on loss of green spaces and community impacts. The project involves 1,400 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-data-center-in-packer-township-and-banks-township", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/plans-for-a-data-center-at-former-pennsylvania-power-station-delayed-by-officials/", "https://www.tnonline.com/20251014/save-carbon-warns-about-data-centers/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03032026/pennsylvania-data-center-resistance/", "https://www.tnonline.com/20251001/data-center-developer-presents-plan-in-tresckow/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 250, "county_lean": "R", "water_gallons_per_day": 330000, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "900-signature petition opposing NorthPoint Development data center", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "griffin-spalding-county-ga-2025-09-01", "jurisdiction": "Griffin (Spalding County)", "state": "GA", "lat": 33.2468, "lng": -84.2641, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2026-01-13", "summary": "Griffin City Council unanimously passed a 180-day moratorium on data centers and other technological facilities, prompted in part by interest from Hillwood and other developers. The moratorium was enacted so city planning staff can study current codes and ordinances for potential data center regulations. Officials noted the Unified Development Code currently does not specifically allow 'Technological Facilities' within the city, either by right or special use permit. May 2026: Griffin advancing zoning amendments to prohibit hyperscale (500,000+ sq ft) data centers and initially allow only smaller facilities; builds on the 180-day moratorium in place since January 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.griffindailynews.com/news/griffin-puts-180-day-moratorium-on-data-centers-and-other-technological-facilities/article_a57b3fe6-cedf-54ec-8a84-a66c93da27da.html", "https://www.wsbtv.com/news/local/spalding-county/griffin-city-council-passes-data-center-moratorium-through-mid-july/FW2ZW2LYFZEGJJLRHZYLUD3VXA/", "https://www.griffindailynews.com/news/city-of-griffin-working-on-zoning-amendments-to-initially-only-allow-smaller-data-centers/article_8932563b-39ad-5b85-bc41-591adf00e608.html" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Save Rural Spalding", "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county": "Spalding County", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/saveruralspalding/", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in Griffin", "community_outcome": "win", "company": "Hillwood", "acreage": 127, "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Hillwood affiliate involvement unverified; direct filer is Spalding Investments LLC", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "brandon-ms-2025-09-01", "jurisdiction": "Brandon", "state": "MS", "county": "Rankin County", "lat": 32.273, "lng": -89.986, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-09-01", "status": "approved", "company": "AVAIO Digital", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Taurus", "investment_million_usd": 6000, "megawatts": 116, "acreage": 329, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Rankin County Residents Against Data Center (ad hoc)" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.change.org/p/petition-regarding-the-rankin-county-data-center-s-risks-to-the-community", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/petition-regarding-the-rankin-county-data-center-s-risks-to-the-community", "petition_signatures": 1161, "summary": "AVAIO Digital broke ground on the $6B, 329-acre Taurus Data Center Hub in Brandon (Rankin County), MS in September 2025 — Mississippi's third-largest economic development project in state history. First occupancy on track for August 2027, with nearly 450 MW of capacity online by 2027. Total power path: >1 GW baseload via an Energy Service Agreement with Entergy Mississippi (initial 116 MW June 2027, +420 MW grid power by end-2030) plus Gulf South Pipeline gas access starting Q2 2027 enabling +500 MW behind-the-meter thermal generation. Will provide 60+ direct high-tech jobs, hundreds of indirect jobs. Greater Jackson area. Residents continue raising questions about water and energy.", "sources": [ "https://mississippitoday.org/2025/09/03/data-center-petition-brandon-mississippi-environment-pollution-energy/", "https://www.supertalk.fm/multi-billion-dollar-data-center-being-built-in-brandon-but-residents-still-want-answers/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Petition to block AVAIO Digital data center in Brandon", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "logan-county-wv-2025-09-02", "jurisdiction": "Logan County", "state": "WV", "county": "Logan County", "lat": 37.842, "lng": -81.994, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-09-02", "status": "approved", "company": "TransGas Development Systems", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Adams Fork Energy", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 150, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "West Virginia Citizen Action Group", "WV Citizens Action Group" ], "opposition_website": "https://wvcag.org/datacenters/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "TransGas Development Systems' Adams Fork Energy project includes two off-grid natural gas power plants (one at the former Twisted Gun Golf Course in Wharncliffe, the other at Harless Industrial Park near the Mingo-Logan county line) tied to the world's largest proposed ammonia plant. Each plant would operate 117 gas engines generating >2,400 MW combined — making them the third- and fourth-largest energy facilities in West Virginia. Each could emit hundreds of tons of NOx, VOCs, CO, and particulate matter annually. WV DEP issued air quality permits in October 2025 despite public pushback. In December 2025, ten Mingo County residents filed a federal lawsuit alleging Endangered Species Act, Clean Water Act, and NEPA violations; a judge denied their request for a preliminary injunction. Logan and Mingo residents continue raising concerns about air, water, and health impacts. Facilities expected operational late 2026 or early 2027.", "sources": [ "https://westvirginiawatch.com/2025/09/02/enough-devastation-mingo-logan-residents-worry-about-proposed-power-plants-data-centers-in-wv/", "https://www.loganbanner.com/news/local-residents-file-federal-lawsuit-to-block-major-data-center-project-near-wharncliffe/article_c89961af-2c6d-4a86-9e05-7619e775b21e.html", "https://westvirginiawatch.com/2025/12/05/mingo-county-residents-file-federal-lawsuit-against-company-building-power-plants-data-center-in-wv/", "https://www.wvhighlands.org/article/despite-public-pushback-west-virginia-approves-air-quality-permits-for-data-center-energy-campus-in-mingo-county/", "https://www.wboy.com/news/west-virginia/residents-share-concerns-about-data-centers-at-wvcag-press-conference/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 2400, "investment_usd": 3000000000, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "water", "community_impact", "transparency", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose TransGas Development Systems data center over water in Logan County", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "jerome-township-oh-2025-09-03", "jurisdiction": "Jerome Township", "state": "OH", "county": "Union County", "lat": 40.1733, "lng": -83.2141, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-09-03", "status": "expired", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 200, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 111, "building_sq_ft": 250000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 350000, "jobs_promised": 75, "opposition_groups": [ "Jerome Township Residents Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Jerome Township trustees unanimously approved a 9-month moratorium after residents complained of persistent noise from existing Amazon/AWS data centers. Up to four new projects were paused. Trustees plan to reclassify data centers from 'permitted' to 'conditional' use. Amazon cited multi-million-dollar investments in noise reduction engineering. The project involves $200M investment, 111 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.wosu.org/politics-government/2025-09-09/jerome-township-puts-pause-on-new-data-center-development-for-nine-months", "https://614now.com/2025/hot-topics/central-ohio-township-pauses-all-new-data-center-development-after-citizens-express-concerns", "https://www.thecooldown.com/green-business/amazon-data-centers-jerome-township-ohio-community-freeze/", "https://signalohio.org/ohio-data-center-boom-faces-political-resistence/", "https://www.statenews.org/section/the-ohio-newsroom/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-15", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "investment_usd": 200000000, "issue_category": [ "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 9-month data centers moratorium in Jerome Township (Amazon/AWS)", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "nashville-tn-2025-09-09", "jurisdiction": "Nashville", "state": "TN", "county": "Davidson County", "lat": 36.2237, "lng": -86.8164, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-09-09", "status": "approved", "company": "RadiusDC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Nashville I", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 12, "acreage": 12, "building_sq_ft": 102500, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Trinity Hills neighborhood residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "RadiusDC broke ground on a 12 MW, 102,500 sq ft data center on 12 acres off Brick Church Pike in the Trinity Hills neighborhood of North Nashville, across from an elementary school. Residents raised environmental justice concerns about siting in a predominantly Black neighborhood. The complex houses 27 backup diesel generators and 16 cooling towers. Construction is proceeding despite community opposition. RadiusDC paid $5.175M to acquire the property at 2902 and 2906 Brick Church Pike.", "sources": [ "https://www.wkrn.com/news/local-news/nashville/nashville-neighborhood-questions-new-data-center-project/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/radiusdc-breaks-ground-on-12mw-nashville-data-center-tennessee/", "https://citynownext.com/2025/09/09/radiusdc-breaks-ground-on-urban-data-center-in-nashville/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 12, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose RadiusDC data center as environmental injustice", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "louisville-ky-2025-09-11", "jurisdiction": "Louisville", "state": "KY", "county": "Jefferson County", "lat": 38.2527, "lng": -85.7585, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-09-11", "status": "defeated", "company": "Poe Companies / PowerHouse Data Centers (approved project)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 400, "acreage": 150, "building_sq_ft": 1800000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 210, "opposition_groups": [ "Louisville Metro Watchdog Alliance", "Rubbertown Emergency Action (REACT)", "Louisville Climate Action Network" ], "opposition_website": "https://ej4all.org/react", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/317041690234/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "One 525MW data center project in southwest Louisville has been cleared to proceed, built by Poe Companies and PowerHouse Data Centers (starting at 100MW, expanding to 400MW). District 17 Council Member Markus Winkler proposed a six-month moratorium on September 11, 2025, which was tabled indefinitely. A survey showed 81.5% of respondents chose 'Nowhere in Jefferson County' for data center locations. City planners continue drafting regulations. The project involves $11.1B investment, 154 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.lpm.org/news/2025-10-31/louisville-officials-grapple-with-how-to-regulate-large-data-centers", "https://www.lpm.org/news/2026-02-09/survey-vast-majority-of-louisville-residents-oppose-building-new-data-centers", "https://www.wave3.com/2025/09/16/louisville-metro-council-considers-moratorium-data-centers/", "https://www.whas11.com/article/news/local/louisville-data-center-opposition-oldham-county/417-ea453d81-9b43-400b-908f-6de40793098f" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Propose data centers moratorium after Poe Companies proposal", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "blakely-pa-2025-09-12", "jurisdiction": "Blakely", "state": "PA", "county": "Lackawanna County", "lat": 41.4822, "lng": -75.5903, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-09-12", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Kriger / Alpesh 'Al' Patel", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1500, "acreage": 209, "building_sq_ft": 300000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 300000, "jobs_promised": 500, "opposition_groups": [ "Blakely No Data Center Campaign (Bob Cicci & Katie Klein-Cicci, organizers)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-construction-in-lackawanna-county", "petition_signatures": 2088, "summary": "Developers proposed a data center campus offering up to 1.5GW of capacity on 209 acres in Blakely Borough — requiring power equivalent to the entire output of the nearby Lackawanna Energy Center gas-fired power plant. The first phase called for four two-story buildings at 150,000 sq ft per floor. About 100 residents packed the Borough Building with 60 more outside and 210+ watching via Zoom for an August 13, 2025 Q&A session. A grassroots petition gathered roughly 800 signatures voicing concerns about the project. The developers withdrew their zoning application on September 12, 2025, days before a scheduled public hearing. The borough subsequently adopted an ordinance applying nearly three dozen restrictions on future data center developments. The project involves the Kriger proposal.", "sources": [ "https://fox56.com/news/local/blakely-borough-data-center-plans-scrapped-amid-community-pushback-borough-responds", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2025/08/13/blakely-data-center-meeting-draws-large-crowd-opposition/", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2025/09/12/data-center-project-withdrawn-in-blakely-days-ahead-of-zoning-hearing/", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2025/11/18/blakely-applies-more-than-30-restrictions-to-data-centers/", "https://www.wnep.com/article/news/local/lackawanna-county/data-center-developer-withdraws-proposal-for-blakely-construction/523-976b3357-7ae2-4da0-b0f5-55eb44fb7afa", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/developers-withdraw-request-for-data-center-in-blakely-pennsylvania/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03032026/pennsylvania-data-center-resistance/", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2025/12/12/data-center-developer-tied-to-projects-in-archbald-blakely-moves-to-dickson-city/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-construction-in-lackawanna-county", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2025/08/06/convenience-store-developer-proposes-ai-data-centers-in-blakely/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/junkyard-in-pennsylvania-acquired-developer-files-to-develop-data-center-campus/", "https://www.bayjournal.com/pennsylvania-localities-feel-data-center-push-and-some-are-pushing-back/article_09db2a10-f46f-48d9-b03c-fd38fff2062c.html" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 1500, "water_gallons_per_day": 300000, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Block Kriger / Alpesh 'Al' Patel data center through opposition in Blakely", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "college-station-tx-2025-09-12", "jurisdiction": "College Station", "state": "TX", "county": "Brazos County", "lat": 30.628, "lng": -96.3344, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-09-12", "status": "defeated", "company": "Priority Power", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 600, "acreage": 200, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 45, "opposition_groups": [ "College Station Residents Against Data Center" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-college-station-land-sale-for-crypto-mine", "petition_signatures": 5976, "summary": "College Station residents mounted strong opposition to Priority Power's proposed 600MW datacenter on 200 acres of Midtown Drive. More than 75 individuals registered to speak in person and a petition with over 5,000 signatures was submitted. Concerns included noise pollution, procedural issues, environmental impacts, and utility demands. The city rejected the land sale and is now proactively considering guardrails for future datacenter proposals. The project involves $1B investment.", "sources": [ "https://www.kbtx.com/2025/09/12/college-station-city-council-unanimously-rejects-land-sale-ai-data-center/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/college-station-texas-rejects-land-sale-for-data-center/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/600mw-data-center-campus-proposed-in-texas/", "https://www.governing.com/infrastructure/texas-towns-push-back-on-data-center-expansion", "https://www.kbtx.com/2025/09/07/college-station-city-council-discuss-potential-data-center-midtown-drive-sept-11-meeting/", "https://www.kbtx.com/2025/09/09/college-station-residents-push-back-against-sale-land-proposed-midtown-data-center/", "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/02/13/texas-data-centers-local-governments-power/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-college-station-land-sale-for-crypto-mine" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-15", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 600, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland", "grid_energy", "noise" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Deny Priority Power 600MW data center permit in College Station", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "town-of-tarboro-nc-2025-09-15", "jurisdiction": "Town of Tarboro", "state": "NC", "lat": 35.8968, "lng": -77.5358, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "defeated", "date": "2025-09-15", "summary": "The Tarboro Town Council rejected a Special Use Permit for Energy Storage Solutions' proposed 300MW, eight-phase data center on a 52-acre site near Anaconda and McNair roads by a 7-1 vote. The developer filed an appeal to Edgecombe Superior Court in November 2025, alleging the town committed 'errors of law.' A separate project proposed for the Kingsboro Business Park continues. Edgecombe County commissioners also voted down another ESS project. Residents cited concerns about traffic, water use, 24/7 noise, and proximity to the animal shelter. The project involves $6.4B investment.", "sources": [ "https://www.cbs17.com/news/local-news/tarboro-data-center-project-appeals-rejection-by-town-council-saying-site-would-generate-11-million-per-year-in-revenue/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/developers-to-appeal-data-center-rejection-in-tarboro-north-carolina/", "https://www.foxbusiness.com/economy/north-caroilna-residents-fight-back-against-massive-tech-project-potentially-coming-their-town", "https://ncejn.org/updates-on-the-fight-against-data-centers-edgecombe-county/", "https://mytarborotoday.com/ess-plans-to-file-appeal-of-tarboros-sup-denial-p2853-106.htm", "https://sign.moveon.org/petitions/don-t-sell-edgecombe-county-to-big-tech-polluter-interests", "https://www.wunc.org/2025-11-25/opposition-mounts-to-proposed-large-data-center-in-edgecombe-county" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Edgecombe Neighbors for Data Center Accountability" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "company": "Energy Storage Solutions", "megawatts": 300, "investment_million_usd": 6400, "petition_url": "https://sign.moveon.org/petitions/don-t-sell-edgecombe-county-to-big-tech-polluter-interests", "petition_signatures": 257, "scope": "local", "county": "Edgecombe County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "noise", "traffic", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Reject 300MW Energy Storage Solutions data center permit in Tarboro by 7-1 vote", "community_outcome": "win", "acreage": 50, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 500000, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified against the primary source (MoveOn petition page, fetched live + raw HTML). The stored petition_signatures=257 is demonstrably stale: the petition's own updates show \"500 signat", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "social-circle-ga-2025-09-18", "jurisdiction": "Social Circle", "state": "GA", "county": "Walton County", "lat": 33.6565, "lng": -83.7185, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-09-18", "status": "passed", "company": "Multiple", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 151, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "One Circle Community Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Social Circle approved a 90-day moratorium on new data center applications after being overwhelmed with seven applications. Despite the moratorium, the council approved a controversial rezoning for 151 acres, drawing resident opposition. Part of a statewide wave of Georgia moratoriums. Opposition was led by One Circle Community Coalition. The community achieved a partial victory in its effort.", "sources": [ "https://www.wsbtv.com/news/local/walton-county/city-social-circle-bans-new-data-center-applications-90-days/JGRPK34JC5AGRA5V5KH6YCXVWA/", "https://www.covnews.com/news/cities/social-circle-enacts-90-day-moratorium-data-centers-vote-annexations/", "https://www.covnews.com/news/cities/social-circle-council-lifts-moratorium-new-data-center-requests/", "https://www.rockdalenewtoncitizen.com/news/social-circle-enacts-moratorium-on-data-centers/article_4b9299ba-d144-4af8-a695-57c4a6a99e23.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "bill_name": null, "bill_url": null, "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 288, "investment_usd": 7500000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 90-day data centers moratorium in Social Circle (Multiple)", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "franklin-township-indianapolis-in-2025-09-22", "jurisdiction": "Franklin Township (Indianapolis)", "state": "IN", "county": "Marion County", "lat": 39.6704, "lng": -86.0667, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2025-09-22", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Google", "hyperscaler": "Google", "project_name": "Project Flo", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 400, "acreage": 468, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 3000000, "jobs_promised": 350, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Franklin Township", "Greater Troy Neighborhood Association" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.protectft.com/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/people/Protect-Franklin-Township/61574772662657/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/halt-the-proposed-data-center-land-development-in-franklin-township", "petition_signatures": 8176, "summary": "Google withdrew its 468-acre 'Project Flo' data center in Franklin Township, Indianapolis on September 22, 2025, hours before the City-County Council was expected to vote it down. The 'Protect Franklin Township' campaign gathered over 8,000 petition signatures and invested in digital billboard ads across Marion County. Fifteen of 25 council members announced opposition, citing massive water and electricity consumption for just a handful of permanent jobs. About 60 protestors gathered outside the September 8 council meeting, and loud cheers erupted at news of the withdrawal.", "sources": [ "https://mirrorindy.org/google-behind-proposed-indianapolis-data-center-franklin-township/", "https://mirrorindy.org/google-withdraws-southside-data-center-proposal-franklin-township/", "https://www.axios.com/local/indianapolis/2025/09/23/google-data-center-project-opposition-withdrawal", "https://www.change.org/p/halt-the-proposed-data-center-land-development-in-franklin-township", "https://www.wfyi.org/news/articles/indianapolis-council-google-data-center-vote-withdrawl", "https://www.wthr.com/article/news/local/indianapolis-franklin-township-google-data-center-plan-pulled-after-city-county-council-discussion/531-b8223650-5721-4108-a927-9ac38d894b3e", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/sabey-targets-indianapolis-for-250mw-data-center-campus/", "https://www.inkfreenews.com/2025/11/21/4b-data-center-planned-for-indianapolis/", "https://www.ibj.com/articles/seattle-firm-plans-4b-data-center-project-in-indianapolis", "https://fox59.com/news/washington-based-sabey-aims-to-build-900000-square-foot-data-center-campus-in-decatur-township/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/google-withdraws-rezoning-proposal-for-468-acre-data-center-project-in-franklin-township-indianapolis/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-16", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 250, "investment_usd": 1000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland", "grid_energy", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Community pressure forces Google to withdraw in Franklin Township", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 474 }, { "id": "city-of-south-fulton-ga-2025-09-22", "jurisdiction": "City of South Fulton", "state": "GA", "lat": 33.5803, "lng": -84.5799, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2025-09-22", "summary": "City of South Fulton approved a data center ordinance in June 2025 with criteria for noise levels and residential distance. In August 2025, the council approved T5 Data Centers' ATL IV campus: a 91-acre, three-building, 1.32M sq ft facility supporting 200 MW of IT load. T5 finalized land acquisition August 28, 2024. An on-site substation will be operational by 2026, with Phase 1 delivery by 2027. The city estimates $7-10M annually in revenue for parks, public services, and community programs. Predominantly Black communities in South Fulton and Union City continue to effort against at least 20 planned data centers in the area.", "sources": [ "https://atlanta.capitalbnews.org/black-community-in-south-fulton-fight-georgias-data-center-boom/", "https://capitalbnews.org/data-centers-black-communities-south/", "https://atlanta.capitalbnews.org/black-community-in-south-fulton-fight-georgias-data-center-boom/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Black Voters Matter Fund" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county": "Fulton County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "noise", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "voters", "objective": "Adopt data center zoning standards in City of South Fulton", "community_outcome": "loss", "company": "T5 Data Centers", "acreage": 91, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "T5 specs (91 acres / 1.32M sqft / 200 MW) not confirmed in capitalbnews source", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "menomonie-wi-2025-09-24", "jurisdiction": "Menomonie", "state": "WI", "county": "Dunn County", "lat": 44.8755, "lng": -91.9193, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-09-24", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Balloonist LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Menomonie Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 1600, "megawatts": 750, "acreage": 324, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 75000, "jobs_promised": 62, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop the Menomonie Data Center" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.stopthedatacenter.com", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-balloonist-llc-data-center-in-menomonie-protect-our-water-land-and-community", "petition_signatures": 6428, "summary": "Menomonie signed an NDA with Balloonist LLC in February 2024, over a year before announcing the $1.6B data center proposal in July 2025. Over the following six months, residents coordinated a local opposition campaign. Mayor Randy Knaack announced on Sept. 22 that the city was no longer interested in pursuing the project. On January 5, 2026, the City Council revised a zoning ordinance to bar Balloonist from moving ahead. The data center would have used approximately 75,000 gallons of water per day and brought 50-75 full-time jobs. The project involves 750 MW capacity, 324 acres. Meta hyperscaler attribution is unconfirmed and has been removed.", "sources": [ "https://www.wpr.org/news/menomonie-mayor-defends-move-to-halt-massive-data-center-project", "https://www.wpr.org/news/menomonie-mayor-puts-data-center-proposal-on-hold", "https://www.foxbusiness.com/economy/mystery-companys-1-6b-data-center-proposed-wisconsin-farmland-draws-residents-ire", "https://www.wqow.com/news/chippewa-valley/new-data-center-ordinance-introduced-in-menomonie-residents-continue-to-protest/article_53bb6671-7f82-456c-a679-15d8c1b5c8f7.html", "https://www.wpr.org/news/data-center-proposed-menomonie-strong-response-concerned-citizens", "https://volumeone.org/articles/2025/08/26/370164-tech-giant-is-considering-16-billion-data-center-dunn-county", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/data-center-development-in-menomonie-wisconsin-delayed/", "https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/01/wisconsin-data-center-secrecy-deals-nda-nondisclosure-agreement/", "https://capitollien.com/1-6-billion-on-farmland-menomonies-proposed-data-center-and-the-local-backlash/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook_members": 9700, "issue_category": [ "transparency", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Balloonist data center in Menomonie", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "lansing-ny-2025-09-24", "jurisdiction": "Lansing", "state": "NY", "county": "Tompkins County", "lat": 42.5715, "lng": -76.5278, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-09-24", "status": "active", "company": "TeraWulf", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Lansing AI Data Center (former Milliken Station)", "investment_million_usd": 400, "megawatts": 400, "acreage": 183, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 1000000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sustainable Finger Lakes", "No Data Center FLX", "FLX Strong", "Cayuga Lake Environmental Action Now (CLEAN)" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.nodatacenterflx.com/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61583240724859", "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/no_datacenter_flx/", "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "FLX Strong and Cayuga Lake Environmental Action Now (CLEAN) filed an Article 78 petition on January 29, 2026 in Tompkins County Supreme Court against the Town of Lansing Zoning Board of Appeals, TeraWulf Inc., its subsidiary Lake Hawkeye, property owner Cayuga Operating Company, and applicant Fred DelFavero. The suit challenges the ZBA's narrow 3-2 vote on December 22, 2025 that classified TeraWulf's proposed 400MW data center at the former Milliken Station coal plant as a 'general processing facility' permitted in the industrial zone. The groups allege ZBA 'effectively rewritten the Town Code under the guise of interpretation' and cite 'bias, legal defects, and procedural irregularities.' Previously, Lansing's Town Board withdrew a proposed one-year moratorium in November 2025 after TeraWulf threatened legal action over alleged Open Meetings Law violations.", "sources": [ "https://ithacavoice.org/2025/11/data-center-company-terawulf-threatens-legal-action-against-lansing-town-board/", "https://www.cornellsun.com/article/2025/12/lansing-board-withdraws-ordinance-that-would-have-stalled-terawulf-data-center", "https://www.cornellsun.com/article/2025/11/tensions-over-terawulf-data-center-in-tompkins-county-grow-with-threatened-lawsuit", "https://tompkinsweekly.com/articles/terawulf-outlines-plans-for-lansing-ai-data-center-as-residents-seek-more-answers/", "https://cleancayugalake.org/terawulf/", "https://www.weny.com/news/tompkins-co-legislature-passes-resolution-calling-on-nysdec-to-reject-water-withdrawal-permit-for-proposed/article_d0835648-25e5-4bef-825c-4f46e4bfb9b7.html", "https://ithacavoice.org/2026/01/local-groups-file-suit-against-terawulf-lansing-zoning-board-over-data-center/", "https://www.ithaca.com/news/lansing/flx-strong-clean-file-lawsuit-against-lansing-zba-terawulf-to-block-data-center/article_97b45f0f-c849-497c-9daa-6040f1f1710b.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "local", "opposition_instagram_followers": 2172, "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "zoning", "water", "anti_ai" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Legal challenge to TeraWulf data center in Lansing", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "taylor-tx-2025-09-26", "jurisdiction": "Taylor", "state": "TX", "county": "Williamson County", "lat": 30.571, "lng": -97.4094, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-09-26", "status": "approved", "company": "Blueprint Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 60, "acreage": 52, "building_sq_ft": 135000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 30, "opposition_groups": [ "Griffin family plaintiffs", "Taylor community residents (led by Carrie D'Anna)", "Halt the BPP Project in Taylor", "Halt Taylor Data Centers Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/594322447087729", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Five Taylor residents sued to stop a 135,000 sq ft data center with an on-site electrical substation on land deeded in 1999 as parkland. Judge Ryan Larson initially issued a temporary block but dismissed the case on Oct. 8, 2025, ruling residents lacked standing. Construction is proceeding. The Blueprint Data Centers project involves a 60 MW capacity, $1 billion in investment, 52 acres, 135,000 square feet of building space. The developer promised 30 permanent jobs. Opposition was led by Griffin family plaintiffs, Taylor community residents (led by Carrie D'Anna), and Halt the BPP Project in Taylor. Lawsuit dismissed October 8, 2025; construction is proceeding.", "sources": [ "https://datacenterwatch.substack.com/p/briefing-10032025", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/blueprint-projects-gets-greenlight-for-data-center-in-taylor-texas/", "https://taylortx.gov/1293/Blueprint-Projects-Data-Center", "https://www.kut.org/energy-environment/2025-09-26/taylor-texas-blueprint-data-centers-lawsuit", "https://www.kut.org/energy-environment/2025-10-08/judge-dismissed-lawsuit-taylor-data-center-blueprint-texas", "https://www.kvue.com/article/news/local/taylor-residents-data-center-concerns/269-5a505a20-d721-4c49-85a4-4f78c27bfc7c" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 91, "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 60, "investment_usd": 1000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Legal challenge to Blueprint Data Centers data center in Taylor", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "mason-county-wv-2025-09-28", "jurisdiction": "Mason County", "state": "WV", "county": "Mason County", "lat": 38.7726, "lng": -82.0246, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-09-28", "status": "active", "company": "Fidelis New Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Mountaineer GigaSystem", "investment_million_usd": 5000, "megawatts": 1000, "acreage": 2380, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 800, "opposition_groups": [ "Mason County residents", "West Virginia Citizen Action Group" ], "opposition_website": "https://wvcag.org/datacenters/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/wvcag/", "opposition_twitter": "https://twitter.com/WVCAG", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-in-west-virginia", "petition_signatures": 2768, "summary": "Fidelis New Energy proposed the 2,300+ acre Mountaineer GigaSystem (hydrogen + data center) campus in Mason County, WV. In March 2026, California-based Nscale acquired the project (Monarch Compute Campus) by buying American Intelligence and Power Corporation. Nscale immediately signed a memorandum of understanding with Microsoft to provide 1.35 GW of capacity for an AI data center using NVIDIA Vera Rubin NVL72 GPUs. Once fully built, capacity could reach 1GW (potentially expanding further), with up to $5B invested. WV state law HB 2014 stripped local zoning authority over data centers. Residents continue to raise concerns about water usage, noise, emissions, and lack of community input. First phase expected operational in 2028.", "sources": [ "https://www.wvgazettemail.com/news/a-lot-of-rumors-mason-county-residents-meet-discuss-plans-to-fight-data-center/article_b1873a93-dbff-4476-811c-df55357449a1.html", "https://fidelisinfra.com/project/mountaineer-gigasystem/", "https://www.weirtondailytimes.com/news/local-news/2026/03/w-va-officials-praise-latest-changing-of-hands-of-fidelis-mason-county-data-center-project/", "https://www.theintelligencer.net/news/top-headlines/2026/03/data-center-and-microgrid-project-in-mason-county-changes-hands/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/1gw-hydrogen-powered-data-center-campus-proposed-in-west-virginia/", "https://siteselection.com/west-virginia-making-a-microgrid-out-of-a-mountain/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Cap data center water consumption in WV", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "delaware-statewide-hb-233-de-2025-09-29", "jurisdiction": "Delaware (statewide)", "state": "DE", "county": null, "lat": 39.1582, "lng": -75.5244, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-09-29", "status": "passed House (June 16, 2026); pending in Senate", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "HB 233", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Delaware HB 233 (Rep. Frank Burns / Sen. Stephanie Hansen) requires PSC-regulated utilities like Delmarva Power to establish a separate rate for large energy-use facilities (≥20 MW used primarily for web hosting, streaming, or data processing). HB 233 cleared a House committee in January 2026 and was scheduled for a full House vote in February. Evaluation factors include rate impact on other customers, equitable contributions to grid reliability, ability to meet renewable energy targets, and impact on greenhouse gas reduction. The bill responds to fears that data center proliferation could strain Delaware's grid and raise residential bills. Separately, the controversial Delaware City data center proposal faced a major setback when its environmental approval was denied in February 2026 — the denial was upheld by a state board in March 2026. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: HB 233 was substituted by HS 1 for HB 233 on May 21, 2026, combining HB 233 + SB 205 to give the PSC authority over large-load tariffs/grid connections; still alive (DE session runs to June 30). [Validation 2026-06-19: status -> 'passed House (June 16, 2026); pending in Senate' per https://www.wdel.com/business/delaware-house-passes-bill-requiring-separate-utility-rate-for-data-centers/article_94bb2f3f-c5dc-5663-a5fa-aecc2909aa22.html.]", "sources": [ "https://legis.delaware.gov/BillDetail?LegislationId=142655", "https://spotlightdelaware.org/2026/02/02/data-center-regulation-bill-advances-in-delaware-legislature/", "https://spotlightdelaware.org/2026/02/02/data-center-regulation-bill-advances-in-delaware-legislature/", { "url": "https://www.wdel.com/news/del-legislation-would-address-utility-impact-of-large-scale-electricity-users/article_65cbf8aa-0494-420a-83b0-3b4bd2f8e15b.html", "title": "DE large-load utility legislation" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 233", "bill_url": "https://legis.delaware.gov/BillDetail?LegislationId=142655", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Regulate data center development in Delaware", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Frank Burns (D-DE)", "Sen. Stephanie Hansen (D-DE)" ] }, { "id": "shutesbury-ma-2025-09-01", "jurisdiction": "Shutesbury", "state": "MA", "county": "Franklin County", "lat": 42.462, "lng": -72.413, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-09-30", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Shutesbury Special Town Meeting approved a 9-month moratorium bylaw on data centers on September 30, 2025. Planning Board voted 6-1 to bring it forward after a potential company expressed interest. Shutesbury is among Franklin County, MA towns being evaluated in a data center feasibility study. Massachusetts opposition to data centers has grown statewide in 2026, with Lowell passing a yearlong moratorium and Everett residents pushing for one. However, Gov. Maura Healey has come out in support of data centers (unlike Maine's Mills), creating tension with grassroots opposition. As of early 2026, no formal data center proposal has been filed in Shutesbury.", "sources": [ "https://recorder.com/2025/09/12/shutesbury-data-center-moratorium/", "https://gazettenet.com/2025/09/12/shutesbury-eyes-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://www.shutesbury.org/zoning-bylaw-maps-and-amendments" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "noise", "water" ], "authority_level": "voters", "objective": "Impose 9-month data centers moratorium in Shutesbury", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "white-county-in-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "White County", "state": "IN", "county": "White County", "lat": 40.7494, "lng": -86.8647, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "active", "company": "Undisclosed", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "White County Data Center Rezoning", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 287, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Action Coalition", "White County IN Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/cacindiana", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": "https://x.com/cacindiana", "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "White County's Board of Commissioners passed a moratorium on data center development on October 20, 2025, after residents packed public meetings in opposition. The moratorium was prompted by a proposed project near Wolcott. Residents voiced concerns about water availability and process transparency. White County joined Marshall (February) and Putnam (November) as Indiana's three counties with data center moratoriums, which conflict with a state government actively courting tech projects through a 2019 law granting sizable tax credits for computer equipment purchases. The project involves 287 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterwatch.org/report", "https://dailyjournal.net/2025/11/24/3-counties-put-moratoriums-on-data-center-projects/", "https://www.inkfreenews.com/2025/11/26/three-indiana-counties-pass-data-center-moratoriums/", "https://www.ibj.com/articles/3-counties-put-moratoriums-on-data-center-projects", "https://www.govtech.com/products/residents-push-indiana-community-toward-halt-on-data-centers", "https://www.insideindianabusiness.com/articles/tensions-rise-as-white-county-rezones-for-possible-data-center", "https://www.citact.org/about" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Halt data centers in White County after Undisclosed proposal", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 5096 }, { "id": "village-of-yorkville-wi-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Village of Yorkville", "state": "WI", "county": "Racine County", "lat": 42.7303, "lng": -87.9823, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2025-12-08", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Ken Nelson (developer)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Party for Socialism and Liberation (PSL)", "350 Wisconsin", "50501 Madison" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "A developer proposed a backup data center at Kuiper Farm (2400 55th Drive) in the Village of Yorkville, about five miles from Microsoft's AI data center under construction in Mount Pleasant. The Yorkville Village Board and Plan Commission held a joint pre-application conference on December 8, 2025 and made clear the village had no interest in hosting a data center. The developer said they would move on if there was no community support. Microsoft stated it was 'not currently evaluating any sites for data center development in Yorkville.' This was Microsoft's second failed attempt at a backup data center in Racine County, after withdrawing a 244-acre proposal in neighboring Caledonia following a 2,000-signature petition. The project involves the Ken Nelson proposal. Microsoft explicitly DENIED involvement: 'not currently evaluating any sites for data center development in Yorkville.'", "sources": [ "https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2025/12/09/yorkville--backup-data-center--update", "https://biztimes.com/yorkville-puts-up-a-hard-no-on-data-center-talk/", "https://wtmj.com/news/2025/12/23/a-look-back-at-wisconsins-year-of-the-data-center/", "https://shepherdexpress.com/news/features/the-struggle-against-hyperscale-data-centers-across-wisconsin/", "https://www.cnbc.com/2025/11/25/microsoft-ai-data-center-rejection-vs-support.html", "https://racinecountyeye.com/2026/02/11/psc-data-center-hearing-oppose/", "https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2025/12/05/microsoft-backup-data-center-racine-county" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "noise" ], "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": "Reject Microsoft-linked backup data center proposal in Village of Yorkville", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "jones-county-ga-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Jones County", "state": "GA", "county": "Jones County", "lat": 33.0001, "lng": -83.5633, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-10-22", "status": "passed", "company": "EagleRock Partners", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Crooked Creek Technology Park", "investment_million_usd": 5000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 600, "building_sq_ft": 1800000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "No Data Centers in Jones County", "No Data Center in Jones County GA" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "EagleRock Partners withdrew its rezoning application for the 600+ acre Crooked Creek Technology Park after organized opposition under the 'No Data Centers in Jones County' campaign. Commissioners voted 4-1 for a 90-day moratorium to study data center impacts and develop regulations. The county later rescinded several data center-related zoning ordinances after determining residents had not been given proper legal notice of the changes, further delaying any future data center development. The project involves $5B investment, 600 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.13wmaz.com/article/news/local/jones-county-leaders-put-90-day-moratorium-on-data-centers/93-29002835-454e-4208-be1e-5a7f355edf0e", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/data-center-developers-withdraw-plans-to-rezone-more-than-600-acres-in-jones-county-georgia-after-local-pushback/", "https://www.13wmaz.com/article/news/local/600-acre-data-center-proposed-for-jones-county-faces-early-opposition/93-25e72bf8-9eed-47ae-a351-8b7a05ee723f", "https://wgxa.tv/news/local/developers-withdraw-rezoning-application-jones-county-data-center-ahead-of-planning-and-zoning-hearing-thomas-hutton-engineering-eagle-rock-partners-crooked-creek-technology-park-intersection-of-highway-18-and-bethlehem-church-road-tim-pitrowski", "https://peachbytesolutions.com/blog/how-community-action-in-jones-county-halted-a-major-data-center-plan" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 90-day data centers moratorium in Jones County (EagleRock Partners)", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "twiggs-county-ga-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Twiggs County", "state": "GA", "county": "Twiggs County", "lat": 32.6713, "lng": -83.4937, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "approved", "company": "EagleRock Partners", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Pine Ridge Technology Park", "investment_million_usd": 2000, "megawatts": 900, "acreage": 292, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 16000, "jobs_promised": 675, "opposition_groups": [ "Concerned Citizens of Twiggs County (Rob Fricks, attorney)", "Protect Twiggs County -- No Data Center", "Protect Twiggs County GA" ], "opposition_website": "https://twiggsdatacenterwatch.com/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/790050656795020", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Twiggs County commissioners unanimously approved Eagle Rock Partners' $2B data center rezoning of ~300 acres (Weyerhaeuser-owned land) on September 18, 2025, despite hundreds of residents' objections. Residents filed a lawsuit in Twiggs County Superior Court alleging procedural violations: the notice sign was placed on the wrong property with an incorrect hearing date, and the commission did not acquire a required impact report before voting. The county's December response denied the allegations. The trial court dismissed the rezoning lawsuit in February 2026; residents are appealing (as of April 2026).", "sources": [ "https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/09/19/rural-twiggs-county-approves-rezoning-for-data-center-city-sized-appetite-for-power", "https://www.13wmaz.com/article/news/local/twiggs-county-approves-5-billion-data-center-despite-large-opposition-turnout/93-2e3d70a4-abb3-4fe3-8781-96b47c76d33b", "https://www.govtech.com/products/residents-sue-georgia-county-over-data-center-plans", "https://maconmelody.com/concerned-twiggs-residents-sue-to-stop-data-center/", "https://www.13wmaz.com/article/news/local/twiggs/landowners-file-lawsuit-trying-stop-massive-twiggs-county-data-center/93-17c91f2c-8504-417a-a2d9-2be68d00d8ec", "https://wgxa.tv/news/local/twiggs-county-residents-oppose-rezoning-for-data-center-without-impact-study", "https://georgiarecorder.com/2026/01/06/data-center-gold-rush-pits-local-officials-hunt-for-new-revenue-against-residents-concerns/", "https://twiggsdatacenterwatch.com/", "https://twiggsdatacenterwatch.com/petition/", "https://www.govtech.com/products/residents-sue-georgia-county-over-data-center-plans" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_facebook_members": 785, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge EagleRock Partners rezoning in Twiggs County in court", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "columbia-mo-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Columbia", "state": "MO", "county": "Boone County", "lat": 38.9517, "lng": -92.3341, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-11-19", "status": "defeated", "company": "Undisclosed", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Columbia North Industrial Rezoning (potential data center)", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Missouri Coalition for the Environment" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "A landowner sought to rezone 63 acres of farmland near U.S. 63 for a potential data center. The Planning & Zoning Commission voted 5-2 to recommend the change, but the City Council rejected it 3-3 on Nov. 19, 2025. Residents objected to the loss of farmland and questioned why the project couldn't use already-industrial land.", "sources": [ "https://www.komu.com/news/midmissourinews/missouri-leadership-pushes-data-center-development-despite-electricity-environmental-fears/article_73d1d49a-b2d2-4d9d-8187-0e891f613f52.html", "https://moenvironment.org/about/contact-us/", "https://www.kbia.org/kbia-news/2025-10-08/rezoning-request-could-open-door-for-data-center", "https://www.columbiamissourian.com/news/local/residents-speak-against-rezoning-farmland-for-possible-data-center/article_7b90506f-981e-4054-b2f6-e316da47de6e.html" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Block Undisclosed rezoning of 63 acres of farmland", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "page-az-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Page", "state": "AZ", "county": "Coconino County", "lat": 36.9147, "lng": -111.4558, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "active", "company": "Huntley LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Page Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 10000, "megawatts": 1000, "acreage": 500, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Page Residents for Voter Rights" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/no-data-center-in-page-az", "petition_signatures": 3131, "summary": "City Council voted 5-2 to sell 500 acres of recreational land to Huntley LLC for a $10B, 1,000 MW data center — less than one mile from Horseshoe Bend. 'Page Residents for Voter Rights' collected 405 signatures to force a referendum, but it was disqualified on a technicality (numbering on pages). A recall effort targeting Mayor Kidman and Councillor Roundtree is ongoing. The project involves 1 GW capacity.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/no-data-center-in-page-az", "https://www.azfamily.com/2025/12/18/page-residents-push-back-10b-data-center-proposal-near-horseshoe-bend/", "https://www.knau.org/knau-and-arizona-news/2025-11-18/page-residents-want-voters-to-decide-on-planned-data-center", "https://lakepowellchronicle.com/stories/international-development-company-proposes-10-billion-data-center-for-page,78901", "https://www.change.org/p/protect-horseshoe-bend-stop-the-page-data-center-project", "https://azcir.org/news/2025/11/21/did-page-az-city-council-approve-the-sale-of-500-acres-for-a-data-center-yes/", "https://cornerpost.org/2025/12/10/page-ariz-citizens-file-referendum-to-veto-city-councils-decision-to-sell-500-acres-for-data-center-development/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "investment_usd": 10000000000, "energy_mw": 1000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Recall officials who approved Huntley data center", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "villa-rica-ga-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Villa Rica", "state": "GA", "county": "Carroll County", "lat": 33.7321, "lng": -84.9163, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "active", "company": "Embry Development Company", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Avemore Data Park", "investment_million_usd": 5000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 400, "building_sq_ft": 2450000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 1100000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Carroll County Anti-Data Center Coalition", "Carroll County Land & Legacy Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-from-being-built-in-carroll-county-georgia", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-hickman-property-data-center-in-villa-rica-ga", "petition_signatures": 768, "summary": "Over 30 Carroll County residents filed a lawsuit in Superior Court challenging Villa Rica's annexation and rezoning of 200+ acres for Embry Development Company's proposed Avemore Data Park. Door-to-door petitions gathered 500 signatures with approximately 95% of respondents voicing concerns about the project. Concerns include 1.1 million gallons/day water use and proximity to residential areas. The lawsuit is ongoing. The project involves $5B investment, 400 acres.", "sources": [ "https://gradickcommunications.com/carroll-county-residents-file-petition-vs-developer-city-of-villa-rica-hope-to-stop-development-of-reported-400-acre-data-center-between-hickory-level-van-wert-road/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-hickman-property-data-center-in-villa-rica-ga", "https://www.times-georgian.com/news/local/anti-data-center-group-we-will-continue-to-show-up/article_373d4ee8-a4e3-5e07-bac4-17d78cec0742.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/atlas-files-for-428-acre-technology-and-data-park-outside-atlanta-georgia/", "https://baxtel.com/data-center/project-avemore", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-from-being-built-in-carroll-county-georgia", "https://embrydevelopmentcorp.com/portfolio/villarica/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-23", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge Embry Development Company rezoning in Villa Rica in court", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "orangetown-ny-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Orangetown", "state": "NY", "county": "Rockland County", "lat": 41.0468, "lng": -73.9496, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "active", "company": "DataBank", "hyperscaler": "CoreWeave", "project_name": "Orangeburg Data Center Expansion", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 45, "acreage": 34, "building_sq_ft": 146000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 12, "opposition_groups": [ "Bi-State Datacenter Crisis Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://datacentercrisis.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/626789803861327", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Over 100 residents from New York and New Jersey objected to DataBank's proposal for a 146,000 sq-ft, 45 MW data center adjacent to Lake Tappan reservoir in Orangetown, New York. The Bi-State Datacenter Crisis Coalition organized opposition citing threats to wetlands, wildlife, water quality, and fire risks from lithium-ion battery storage. The project remains under review. The project involves 34 acres.", "sources": [ "https://rcbizjournal.com/2025/07/20/orangetown-set-to-review-massive-expansion-of-databanks-orangeburg-data-center/", "https://www.databank.com/data-centers/new-york-city/orangeburg-campus/lga3/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/databank-launches-20mw-data-center-in-orangeburg-new-york/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/databank-acquires-34-acres-in-orangeburg-ny-plans-30mw-data-center/", "https://datacentercrisis.org/", "https://rcbizjournal.com/2025/11/05/orangetown-weighs-second-data-center-on-banks-of-lake-tappan-reservoir/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "investment_usd": 250000000, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Organize coalition against DataBank data center in Orangetown", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "preble-county-oh-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Preble County", "state": "OH", "county": "Preble County", "lat": 39.7445, "lng": -84.649, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "defeated", "company": "Patrick Scanlon (developer)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "PRSM Preble County", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 300, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition Against Data Centers in South Ohio" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/coalitionagainstdatacenters", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Preble County Planning Commission unanimously (11-0) denied rezoning of 300 acres of farmland for a data center. The developer withdrew his application in October after residents organized a referendum campaign. Former Republican state lawmaker Gene Krebs helped lead opposition. Opposition was led by Coalition Against Data Centers in South Ohio. The project involves the Patrick Scanlon proposal.", "sources": [ "https://www.statenews.org/section/the-ohio-newsroom/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success", "https://www.govtech.com/artificial-intelligence/ohio-communities-grapple-with-data-center-approval-decisions", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/application-for-data-center-in-preble-county-ohio-withdrawn/", "https://www.wdtn.com/news/300-acres-of-farmland-could-be-rezoned-for-new-data-center-near-i-70/", "https://signalohio.org/ohio-data-center-boom-faces-political-resistence/", "https://www.wosu.org/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/300-acres-of-land-in-preble-county-ohio-could-host-data-center-campus/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-05", "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2300, "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Deny Patrick Scanlon (developer) rezoning of 300 acres of farmland", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "trenton-oh-project-mila-2026-03-30", "jurisdiction": "City of Trenton", "state": "OH", "county": "Butler County", "lat": 39.4803, "lng": -84.4577, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-30", "status": "approved", "company": "Prologis", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Mila", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 250, "acreage": 141, "building_sq_ft": 880000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 140, "opposition_groups": [ "Woodsdale and Trenton Environmental Resistance (W.A.T.E.R.)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Trenton (Butler County, OH) Planning Commissioners voted unanimously in late March 2026 to approve Prologis' site plan for Project Mila, an 880,000 sq ft data center development on 141 acres in Trenton Industrial Park. On April 20, 2026, the Planning Commission again approved a Prologis site plan in a meeting that lasted under 10 minutes, finding the plan compliant with zoning code. Residents — including Save Ohio Parks' Melinda Zemper and a 500+ member grassroots group led by Barry Blankenship — were not allowed to ask questions and remain concerned about noise, diesel generators, and air emissions. Trenton residents are leading a statewide ballot petition (W.A.T.E.R. — Woodsdale and Trenton Environmental Resistance) to ban data centers over 25 MW.", "sources": [ "https://www.wvxu.org/environment/2025-12-03/developers-data-center-butler-county", "https://www.daytondailynews.com/local/life-changing-decision-data-center-growth-fuels-fears-in-local-communities/FQ4JYJCGSVG7TBF7C7A2GR6SVA/", "https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/butler-county/trenton/prologis-reveals-tentative-plans-for-major-trenton-data-center-project", "https://local12.com/news/local/data-center-butler-county-trenton-millions-dollars-real-estate-developers-industrial-land-sale-finalized-new-project-farmland-construction-jobs-long-term-positions", "https://www.fox19.com/2025/11/06/trenton-residents-oppose-proposed-data-center-141-acre-site/", "https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/butler-county/trenton/trenton-residents-demand-transparency-as-data-center-construction-begins", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/prologis-details-plans-for-data-center-campus-outside-cincinnati-ohio/", "https://local12.com/news/local/site-work-begins-mammoth-data-center-cincinnati-region-butler-county-prologis-project-mila-trenton-create-jobs-employment-career-hiring", "https://www.wosu.org/2026-03-25/data-center-trenton-plans-pushback", "https://www.wvxu.org/local-news/2026-03-30/trenton-planning-commission-approves-site-plan-data-center", "https://constructionreviewonline.com/project-mila-data-center-in-ohio-inches-closer-to-construction-as-trenton-commission-approves-plans/", "https://www.journal-news.com/local/data-center-site-plan-approved-at-trenton-planning-commission/article_30ba9b03-e042-4e28-9360-d462e8d01bf7.html", "https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/butler-county/trenton/trenton-planning-commission-approves-data-center-site-plan-in-10-minute-meeting", "https://spectrumnews1.com/oh/columbus/news/2026/04/24/residents-push-back-on-massive-ai-data-center--take-fight-statewide" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "noise", "ratepayer", "transparency", "water", "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Pause or deny Prologis data center site plan in Trenton Industrial Park", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [], "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently confirmed. investment_million_usd=1000 ($1B) is not stated by any primary source for Project Mila. Verified across multiple sources: WVXU (2026-03-25 and 2026-03-30), Hoodline (2026-03),", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "mason-county-ky-2026-03-01", "jurisdiction": "Mason County", "state": "KY", "county": "Mason County", "lat": 38.6351, "lng": -83.7463, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "zoning_restriction", "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-03-27", "status": "approved", "company": "Undisclosed (Fortune 100 company)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Mason County Hyperscale Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 1200, "acreage": 2080, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 400, "opposition_groups": [ "We Are Mason County Ky", "Save Mason County", "Mason County residents", "We Are Mason County Ky." ], "opposition_website": "https://wearemasoncountyky.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/nodatacenter", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/save-mason-county-no-data-center-please-do-not-donate", "petition_signatures": 1319, "summary": "Mason County, Kentucky, planning commission approved a zoning ordinance paving the way for a 2,080-acre data center campus north of AA Highway, west of Maysville, by an undisclosed Fortune 100 company under NDA. The 'We Are Mason County' grassroots group filed a lawsuit on March 27, 2026 against the Mason County Fiscal Court and Planning Commission challenging the rezoning of 28 properties. Separately, farmer Ida Huddleston and daughter Delsia Bare rejected ~$26 million in combined offers to sell 534 acres of family farmland to the anonymous developer. At contentious March 25-26 rezoning hearings, residents pressed the developer's attorney on the company's identity, which has only been shared with officials bound by NDAs. The majority of hearing speakers objected to the project.", "sources": [ "https://www.lex18.com/news/covering-kentucky/mason-county-residents-weigh-billion-dollar-data-center-proposal-amid-growing-concerns", "https://www.change.org/p/save-mason-county-no-data-center-please-do-not-donate", "https://www.wcpo.com/news/northern-kentucky/im-feeling-more-disappointment-rules-governing-mason-county-data-centers-approved-in-packed-meeting", "https://kentuckylantern.com/2025/08/21/kentucky-could-be-on-the-eve-of-a-data-center-boom-but-in-mason-county-details-are-sketchy/", "https://www.weku.org/the-commonwealth/2025-08-21/mason-county-official-says-data-center-could-bring-400-jobs-averaging-80-000-would-require-massive-amounts-of-power-and-water", "https://www.wcpo.com/news/northern-kentucky/rules-governing-large-scale-maysville-data-center-move-toward-final-vote", "https://www.wcpo.com/news/state/state-kentucky/ruin-peace-and-quiet-potential-for-1-billion-data-center-sparks-debate-in-rural-mason-county", "https://www.outdoorhub.com/news/2025/08/28/mystery-company-targets-5000-acres-kentucky-farmland-1-billion-data-center/", "https://www.weku.org/the-commonwealth/2026-03-01/mason-county-officials-approve-ordinance-paving-the-way-for-potential-large-scale-data-center", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/mason-county-kentucky-considering-data-center-project/", "https://www.wcpo.com/news/northern-kentucky/maysville-citizens-group-promises-lawsuit-to-block-2-000-acre-data-center-construction-in-mason-county", "https://www.weku.org/the-commonwealth/2026-03-27/grassroots-organization-announces-plans-to-file-suit-against-mason-county-data-center-proposal", "https://local12.com/news/local/northern-kentucky-family-declines-26-million-bid-data-center-plans-advance-maysville-ai-tech-technology-construction-farm-farmland-property-deal-purchase-sell-google-meta-amazon-mason-county-market-value-cincinnati", "https://local12.com/news/local/anti-data-center-group-nky-sues-over-zoning-proposed-hyperscale-complex-northern-kentucky-mason-county-maysville-fiscal-court-planning-commission-construction-building-acres-farmers-farm-land-market-value-pollution-noise-energy-cost-cincinnati" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "farmland", "grid_energy", "transparency", "community_impact", "zoning", "water" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Oppose 2,000-acre data center ordinance adoption in Mason County via We Are Mason County coalition", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [] }, { "id": "platte-county-mo-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Platte County", "state": "MO", "county": "Platte County", "lat": 39.3786, "lng": -94.7664, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Shenandoah Computing LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Kestrel", "investment_million_usd": 100000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 379, "building_sq_ft": 1800000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Platte County residents" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.co.platte.mo.us/data-center-project", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Project Kestrel, a $100B multi-phase data center campus by Shenandoah Computing LLC (linked to Google), proposes six hyperscale data centers totaling 1.8 million sq ft on 379 acres at the KCI-29 mega-site north of Kansas City International Airport. PortKC received a conduit bond application that could reach $100B with property tax incentives for up to 35 years per phase. Phase 1 construction is set to begin in 2026, with full build-out over 20 years. Expected to generate $110M+ in total tax revenue and ~50 high-paying jobs per phase. Platte County Presiding Commissioner has publicly objected to the project.", "sources": [ "https://fox4kc.com/news/platte-county-commissioner-cant-support-100-billion-northland-data-center/", "https://plattecountylandmark.com/2025/10/29/data-center-project-should-be-restructured/", "https://showmeinstitute.org/article/energy/data-centers-subsidies-and-electricity-in-platte-county-and-across-missouri/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/officials-in-kansas-city-speak-out-against-tax-breaks-for-google-linked-data-center-campus/", "https://www.stlmag.com/business/rural-missouri-data-center-battleground/", "https://plattecountylandmark.com/2025/10/16/100-billion-data-center-campus-coming-to-area/", "https://www.co.platte.mo.us/data-center-project", "https://www.co.platte.mo.us/data-center-project" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Study data center impacts on water resources in MO", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Google': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "lower-mt-bethel-township-pa-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Lower Mt. Bethel Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Northampton County", "lat": 40.8673, "lng": -75.1712, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "active", "company": "Peron Development / J.G. Petrucci Company", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Lower Mt. Bethel Data Center Campus", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 450, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "No Data Center In LMBT" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.nodatacenterlmbt.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-data-center-in-lower-mt-bethel-township", "petition_signatures": 7827, "summary": "Peron Development / J.G. Petrucci Company are proposing a 1.2GW, 450-acre data center campus in Lower Mt. Bethel Township (Northampton County) near Martins Creek and the Delaware River. An April 9-10, 2026 town hall drew significant opposition. The Change.org petition now exceeds 6,000 signatures. Community group 'No Data Center In LMBT' continues organizing against the project.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-data-center-in-lower-mt-bethel-township", "https://www.wfmz.com/news/area/lehighvalley/northampton-county/slate-belt/residents-want-more-specifics-as-data-center-proposal-emerges-in-lower-mt-bethel/article_5e863718-3fbd-4e88-9d53-794a582fa805.html", "https://www.mcall.com/2026/02/25/lower-mount-bethel-data-center-peron-development-petrucci/", "https://www.mcall.com/2026/03/03/lower-mount-bethel-data-center-town-hall/", "https://ridgeviewecho.com/2026/02/24/mount-bethel-data-center-faces-backlash-from-community-models-a-similar-fate-for-new-jersey/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "4600-signature petition opposing Peron Development data center", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "joplin-mo-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Joplin", "state": "MO", "county": "Jasper County", "lat": 37.0842, "lng": -94.5133, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Jimmer Pinjuv / Wildwood Ranch", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Wildwood Ranch Data Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 100, "acreage": 540, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Joplin Citizens Against Wildwood Ranch Data Center Site" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-wildwood-ranch-data-center-project-in-joplin-mo", "petition_signatures": 2058, "summary": "The Joplin City Council approved annexation and rezoning of Wildwood Ranch for a data center. The Joplin Sustainable Technology Alliance launched a referendum effort but fell short, collecting only about 2,800 of the 5,032 signatures needed by the March 7 deadline. On March 17, 2026, the Council certified the petitions as insufficient. The annexation and rezoning of the 600-acre Wildwood Ranch site stands. The site, owned by local developer Jimmer Pinjuv, offers 200+ MW capacity on the southwest side of the city. The project involves 100 MW capacity, 540 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-wildwood-ranch-data-center-project-in-joplin-mo", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-annexation-of-wildwood-ranch-in-joplin-mo", "https://www.fourstateshomepage.com/news/local/joplin-locals-oppose-data-center-launch-referendum-effort/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/officials-in-joplin-missouri-greenlight-rezoning-request-for-potential-data-center/", "https://www.krps.org/joplin-news/2026-02-03/joplin-developer-proposing-annexation-of-his-land-for-new-data-center", "https://www.joplinglobe.com/news/joplin-city-council-advances-data-center-annexation-zoning/article_e9c57ea7-3cbe-4a50-a7f5-ef805c69502f.html", "https://www.fourstateshomepage.com/news/local/joplin-planning-commission-approves-wildwood-ranch-annexation/", "https://www.cbre.com/properties/properties-for-lease/datacenter/details/US-SMPL-187375/wildwood-ranch-data-park-w-26th-street-joplin-mo-64804", "https://www.joplinglobe.com/news/joplin-city-council-to-take-action-on-data-center-petitions/article_99f21708-b615-4a29-9a91-f2d26d70720a.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 100, "investment_usd": 60000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "grid_energy", "tax_incentive", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Halt data centers in Joplin after Jimmer Pinjuv / Wildwood Ranch proposal", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "hobart-in-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Hobart", "state": "IN", "county": "Lake County", "lat": 41.5328, "lng": -87.255, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "active", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": "AWS Data Center Hobart", "investment_million_usd": 15000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 725, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Action Coalition", "No Data Centers Hobart Indiana" ], "opposition_website": "https://hobartdatacenters.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/hobartnodatacenters", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-in-hobart-indiana-protect-our-community", "petition_signatures": 3054, "summary": "Despite a petition with 2,500+ signatures and a 4,000-member opposition group, Hobart reached a deal with Amazon Web Services for a data center on about 700 rezoned acres. AWS plans to invest $15 billion in 2.4 GW of data center capacity across Northwest Indiana. The project was approved over community objections. The No Data Centers Hobart Indiana group has launched a dedicated opposition website with legal and community action resources. The rezoning covered about 700 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.utilitydive.com/news/nisource-nipsco-amazon-data-centers-indiana/806396/", "https://nwitimes.com/news/local/lake/hobart/article_94ce3879-bb99-4c9b-ab72-47e0d24342b8.html", "https://hobartdatacenters.org/", "https://nwitimes.com/news/local/article_f87dfc22-1792-43d2-abd8-5f4d4edce372.html", "https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/indiana-residents-push-back-against-proposal-to-build-2-data-centers-in-hobart/3848075/", "https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/company-news/amazon-15-billion-indiana-data-centers", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-in-hobart-indiana-protect-our-community", "https://www.chicagotribune.com/2025/11/24/amazon-15b-data-center-campuses-nwi/", "https://www.chicagotribune.com/2025/11/25/hobart-confirmed-amazon-data-center-site/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-developments-in-northwest-indiana" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 5900, "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Petition to block Amazon/AWS data center in Hobart", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified. The summary's \"4,000-member opposition group\" is NOT supported by any primary source. Latitude Media (fetched directly) states the No Data Centers Hobart Indiana Facebook group", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "plainfield-in-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Plainfield", "state": "IN", "county": "Hendricks County", "lat": 39.7003, "lng": -86.3994, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "approved", "company": "RadiusDC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Plainfield Data Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 24, "acreage": 31, "building_sq_ft": 200000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 700, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Action Coalition of Indiana" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-construction-of-a-data-center-in-plainfield-indiana", "petition_signatures": 207, "summary": "RadiusDC is planning to build two 100,000 sq ft data centers in Plainfield using 24 MW of electricity and about 700 gallons of water/day. The Plainfield Plan Commission unanimously approved the primary plat petition on Jan. 5, 2026, after more than a dozen concerned residents objected to the project during public comment. A Change.org petition opposes the project citing lack of transparency. The project involves 31 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-construction-of-a-data-center-in-plainfield-indiana", "https://www.wrtv.com/news/local-news/plainfield-could-be-home-to-the-next-data-center", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/radiusdc-looks-to-build-two-data-centers-outside-indianapolis-indiana/", "https://www.townofplainfield.com/2023/Radius-Data-Center--Allpoints-18", "https://newswire.telecomramblings.com/2026/01/radiusdc-expands-its-footprint-with-edge-colocation-campus-in-indianapolis-in/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/radiusdc-announces-24mw-data-center-campus-outside-indianapolis-indiana/", "https://baxtel.com/data-center/radiusdc-plainfield-campus" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-16", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 24, "water_gallons_per_day": 700, "issue_category": [ "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Petition to block RadiusDC data center in Plainfield", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "lordstown-oh-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Lordstown", "state": "OH", "county": "Trumbull County", "lat": 41.1664, "lng": -80.8573, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "active", "company": "Bristolville 25 Developer LLC / BHGH Properties LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Lordstown AI Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 3600, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 133, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 0, "jobs_promised": 120, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition Against Data Centers in South Ohio" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/coalitionagainstdatacenters", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/prevent-the-construction-of-ai-data-center-in-lordstown", "petition_signatures": 68, "summary": "Lordstown, OH data center opposition. OpenAI is involved in a SEPARATE nearby Stargate project — not this one. Hyperscaler and MW figures previously attached were incorrect conflations.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/prevent-the-construction-of-ai-data-center-in-lordstown", "https://www.statenews.org/section/the-ohio-newsroom/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success", "https://spectrumnews1.com/oh/dayton/news/2026/02/24/lordstown-ohio-data-center-lawsuit", "https://www.wfmj.com/story/53363329/lordstown-answers-data-center-developers-legal-action-in-ohio-supreme-court", "https://www.wfmj.com/story/53248144/developer-takes-fight-over-lordstown-data-center-to-ohio-supreme-court", "https://www.wkbn.com/news/local-news/lordstown-news/data-center-developer-taking-lordstown-to-court/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/data-centers-now-banned-in-lordstown-ohio/", "https://www.wfmj.com/story/53208675/lordstown-leaders-consider-ban-tonight-on-planned-dollar36b-ai-data-center", "https://businessjournaldaily.com/developers-petition-ohio-supreme-court-in-lordstown-data-center-project/", "https://www.vindy.com/news/business-news/2025/10/developer-proposes-3-6b-data-center-in-lordstown/", "https://www.wfmj.com/story/53109325/lordstown-part-of-mammoth-dollar500-billion-artificial-intelligence-data-center-project", "https://www.tribtoday.com/news/local-news/2026/03/lordstown-oks-consultant-for-data-center-discussion/", "https://www.wosu.org/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success", "https://www.wvxu.org/environment/2025-12-03/developers-data-center-butler-county", "https://spectrumnews1.com/oh/dayton/news/2026/02/24/lordstown-ohio-data-center-lawsuit", "https://spectrumnews1.com/oh/dayton/news/2026/02/24/lordstown-ohio-data-center-lawsuit", "https://www.wfmj.com/story/53380385/data-center-developer-submits-evidence-in-lawsuit-against-lordstown" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 1500, "investment_usd": 3600000000, "issue_category": [ "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in Lordstown (Bristolville 25 Developer)", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "cleveland-brook-park-oh-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Cleveland / Brook Park", "state": "OH", "county": "Cuyahoga County", "lat": 41.4088, "lng": -81.8259, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "active", "company": "Ohio Industrial Realty Group (potential tenant: Amazon)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Cleveland IX Center Data Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 25, "acreage": 90, "building_sq_ft": 1500000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 250, "opposition_groups": [ "Save the IX Center Campaign (Cassia Core, organizer)" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-ai-data-center-construction-at-cleveland-ix-center", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-ai-data-center-construction-at-cleveland-ix-center", "petition_signatures": 4390, "summary": "A petition led by resident Cassia Core gathered nearly 4,000 signatures voicing concerns about Ohio Industrial Realty Group's proposed conversion of the historic Cleveland IX Center into a 25 MW AI data center, with Amazon reportedly a potential tenant. The IX Center has hosted the Cleveland Auto Show and Christmas Connection for decades. Brook Park residents are particularly vocal about noise pollution and utility price increases. The proposal remains under review. The project involves 90 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-ai-data-center-construction-at-cleveland-ix-center", "https://www.cleveland13news.com/story/brook-park-residents-petition-to-block-ai-data-center-at-ix-center", "https://signalohio.org/ohio-data-center-boom-faces-political-resistence/", "https://clevelandmagazine.com/articles/the-i-x-center-is-being-repurposed-into-a-data-center-potentially-by-amazon/", "https://neo-trans.blog/2025/06/03/i-x-centers-new-use-revealed/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "noise", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "2000-signature petition opposing Ohio Industrial Realty Group data center", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Amazon/AWS': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "conshohocken-plymouth-township-pa-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Conshohocken / Plymouth Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Montgomery County", "lat": 40.0768, "lng": -75.3032, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Brian O'Neill (developer)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Cleveland Cliffs Steel Plant Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 9000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 66, "building_sq_ft": 2000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 110, "opposition_groups": [ "Delaware Riverkeeper Network", "Save Pennsylvania: By NCDC", "No Conshy Data Centers", "Save Pennsylvania (NCDC)" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.savepennsylvania.com", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/no-conshy-or-plymouth-data-centers", "petition_signatures": 2416, "summary": "A developer attempted to convert the Cleveland Cliffs steel plant on 66 acres of Plymouth Township's riverfront corridor into a data center for undisclosed Big Tech tenants. Over 1,000 people signed a petition voicing concerns about the project. The application was abruptly withdrawn in November 2025 due to legal issues regarding the developer's standing. The project involves the Brian O'Neill proposal, $9B investment.", "sources": [ "https://montco.today/2025/11/fight-against-conshohocken-data-center/", "https://www.change.org/p/no-conshy-or-plymouth-data-centers", "https://patch.com/pennsylvania/plymouthwhitemarsh/residents-local-officials-intensely-oppose-conshohocken-data-center", "https://morethanthecurve.com/developer-brian-oneill-behind-proposed-data-center-on-steel-plant-property-in-conshohocken/", "https://www.timesherald.com/2025/11/19/proposed-plymouth-township-data-center-zoning-application-withdrawn/", "https://morethanthecurve.com/oneill-withdraws-zoning-application-for-proposed-data-center-in-conshohocken-during-zoning-hearing-in-plymouth-township/", "https://www.inquirer.com/news/pennsylvania/ai-data-center-construction-conshohocken-proposal-withdrawn-20251118.html", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03032026/pennsylvania-data-center-resistance/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/legal-issues-force-developer-to-withdraw-data-center-proposal-in-plymouth-township-pennsylvania/", "https://www.inquirer.com/consumer/technology/ai-center-plan-plymouth-conshohocken-20251003.html", "https://www.savepennsylvania.com/petitions", "https://whyy.org/articles/conshohocken-pennsylvania-residents-pushback-data-center-proposal/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-re-zoning-and-protect-plymouth-township-s-environment", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/planning-agency-of-plymouth-township-pennsylvania-votes-not-to-recommend-data-center-proposal/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "investment_usd": 9000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Petition to block Brian O'Neill (developer) data center in Conshohocken /", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "lackawanna-county-pa-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Lackawanna County", "state": "PA", "county": "Lackawanna County", "lat": 41.4541, "lng": -75.5951, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "active", "company": "1778 Rich Pike LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Covington/Clifton Townships Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 14250, "megawatts": 1500, "acreage": 1000, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Concerned Clifton Citizens" ], "opposition_website": "https://nodatacenter.net", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-construction-in-lackawanna-county", "petition_signatures": 2088, "summary": "Lackawanna County Commissioner Bill Gaughan asked Governor Shapiro and the PA General Assembly for a three-year statewide moratorium on new large-scale data center approvals. The county alone has at least 11 proposed data center campuses, six in Archbald. State Senator Rosemary Brown announced support for a moratorium and unveiled a legislative package to restrict data centers to industrial zones. State Representatives Kyle Mullins and Kyle Donahue also back the legislation. The project involves the 1778 Rich Pike LLC proposal, 1500 MW capacity, $14.25B investment, 1,000 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-construction-in-lackawanna-county", "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2026-02-17/lackawanna-county-commissioner-gaughan-asks-shapiro-and-pa-legislature-for-statewide-data-center-moratorium", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2026/02/25/local-lawmakers-target-data-centers-back-moratoriums/", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2026/02/17/gaughan-urges-three-year-state-moratorium-on-data-center-development/", "https://www.wnep.com/article/news/local/lackawanna-county/lackawanna-county-residents-oppose-development-of-proposed-data-center-covington-township/523-b0e39051-dc3e-406e-a10d-7b59a62f3ca4", "https://nodatacenter.net/", "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2025-08-22/clifton-twp-and-data-center-developer-still-without-agreement-residents-continue-opposition", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03032026/pennsylvania-data-center-resistance/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/15gw-data-center-campus-proposed-in-pennsylvania/", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2025/07/10/developer-looks-to-build-30-plus-data-centers-in-north-pocono/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 1500, "investment_usd": 14250000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Propose data centers moratorium after 1778 Rich Pike proposal", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "saline-township-mi-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Saline Township", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.1497, "lng": -83.7816, "action_type": [ "lawsuit", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "active", "company": "Oracle", "hyperscaler": "OpenAI", "project_name": "OpenAI/Oracle Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 16000, "megawatts": 1400, "acreage": 575, "building_sq_ft": 1650000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 0, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Saline Data Center" ], "opposition_website": "https://stopsalinedatacenter.org", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/2354391581661289/", "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/stopsalinedatacenter", "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-massive-ai-data-center-in-saline-township-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 9532, "summary": "Saline Township, MI: On April 17, 2026, Michigan Attorney General Dana Nessel filed a Michigan Court of Appeals challenge to the Michigan Public Service Commission's (MPSC) ex parte approval of DTE Energy contracts for the 1.4 GW Oracle data center. Nessel's filing seeks to invalidate the MPSC approvals and remand the matter for a contested case hearing. The AG's intervention is a major escalation in the legal fight over DTE's utility contracts for the data center load.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-massive-ai-data-center-in-saline-township-in-michigan", "https://www.clickondetroit.com/news/local/2026/01/29/saline-township-residents-frustrated-after-zoning-vote-blocks-referendum-on-ai-data-center/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/12/saline-data-center-settlement-challenge/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/02/judge-denies-data-center-intervention/", "https://www.wxyz.com/news/data-centers/judge-rules-against-saline-township-residents-motion-to-intervene-in-data-center-agreement", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/01/dte-agrees-saline-data-center-conditions/", "https://www.metrotimes.com/news/michigan-news/residents-raise-alarms-over-environmental-risks-tied-to-massive-data-center-in-saline-township/", "https://bridgemi.com/michigan-environment-watch/michigan-regulators-approve-contract-for-michigans-first-hyperscale-data-center/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/10/saline-hyperscale-data-center/", "https://bridgemi.com/michigan-environment-watch/dte-consumers-advance-plans-for-power-hungry-data-centers-in-michigan/", "https://michiganadvance.com/2025/10/30/whitmer-multi-billion-dollar-saline-township-data-center-largest-investment-in-michigan-history/", "https://www.govtech.com/products/michigan-township-defends-decision-on-openai-data-center", "https://gizmodo.com/openais-stargate-data-center-approved-in-michigan-as-american-anger-starts-to-boil-2000701890", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/planned-stargate-data-center-encounters-opposition-in-saline-township-michigan/", "https://www.michiganpublic.org/politics-government/2025-12-02/saline-residents-protest-data-center-project-chant-no-secret-deals", "https://www.wemu.org/wemu-news/2026-02-20/lawsuit-aimed-at-stopping-saline-township-data-center-rejected-by-washtenaw-county-judge", "https://mitechnews.com/featured/billion-openai-data-center-clears-major-legal-hurdle-in-saline/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/02/saline-data-center-air-wetlands-permits/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/related-digitals-michigan-1gw-data-center-project-to-serve-openai-oracle/", "https://www.related-digital.com/news/openai-oracle-and-related-digital-announce-stargate-data-center-site-in-michigan", "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/12/dte-data-center-contracts-approved/", "https://www.michigan.gov/ag/news/press-releases/2026/04/17/ag-nessel-files-appeal-of-mpsc-approval-of-dtes-saline-data-center-contracts", "https://michiganadvance.com/briefs/nessel-appeals-dte-data-center-contracts-in-continued-push-for-contested-case/", "https://www.cbsnews.com/detroit/news/michigan-ag-appeals-approval-of-dte-saline-data-center-contracts/", "https://www.govtech.com/artificial-intelligence/michigan-attorney-general-challenges-data-center-power-deal", "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/09/saline-denies-data-center/", "https://thesuntimesnews.com/saline-township-sued-data-center-zoning/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/26102025/related-digital-michigan-data-center-settlement/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 1800, "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 1400, "investment_usd": 7000000000, "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland", "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Sue over open meeting violations in OpenAI / Oracle approval", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "shreveport-la-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Shreveport", "state": "LA", "county": "Caddo Parish", "lat": 32.5252, "lng": -93.7502, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Franks Investment Company LLC / SAC III Acquisition Co", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Resilient Technology Park / Multiple Projects", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 400, "acreage": 300, "building_sq_ft": 2800000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 7500000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "West Shreveport neighborhood residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://actionnetwork.org/petitions/shreveport-says-no-to-data-centers", "petition_signatures": 1446, "summary": "Shreveport City Council voted 7-0 on December 18, 2025 to approve a special use permit for a 2.8 million sq ft data center at Resilient Technology Park (7340 Greenwood Road), overturning the Metropolitan Planning Commission's December 3 denial. The project by Franks Investment Company LLC / SAC III Acquisition Co includes seven two-story data center buildings, a 104,000 sq ft office building, and an on-site electrical substation. Expected to create 150-200 full-time jobs at ~$85,000/year and generate $20M in local tax revenue over three years. More than 50 public comment cards were submitted and several protesters were escorted out.", "sources": [ "https://actionnetwork.org/petitions/shreveport-says-no-to-data-centers", "https://www.ktalnews.com/news/local-news/shreveport-petition-against-proposed-data-center/", "https://710keel.com/shreveport-data-center-approval/", "https://www.shreveportbossieradvocate.com/business/a-growing-data-center-site-in-west-shreveport-needs-approval-of-mpc/article_8bb0dc98-970b-445b-a7c5-3c9f4bd239b7.html", "https://www.ksla.com/2025/12/12/documents-show-proposed-shreveport-data-center-would-use-75-million-gallons-water-daily/", "https://www.ktbs.com/news/city-of-shreveport-sued-over-data-center-vote/article_0bc5e38c-1443-4943-99b4-d30f77849960.html", "https://www.ksla.com/2026/02/24/shreveport-data-center-lawsuit-petition-alleges-city-withheld-public-information/", "https://www.ktalnews.com/news/louisiana/mccormick-investigates-shreveport-blanchard-ndas/", "https://www.ksla.com/2025/12/06/shreveport-planning-commission-denies-28-million-square-foot-data-center/", "https://www.ksla.com/2025/12/18/shreveport-city-council-hearing-appeal-data-center-thurs-afternoon/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Legal challenge to Franks Investment Company data center in Shreveport", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "milan-augusta-township-oh-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Milan (Augusta Township)", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.0826, "lng": -83.6813, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "active", "company": "Thor Equities", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Milan Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 100, "acreage": 800, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 1000000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Augusta Charter Township (PACT)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/protectACT", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-data-center", "petition_signatures": 227, "summary": "Augusta Charter Township, Washtenaw County, Michigan — local opposition to a proposed data center. (Previously misfiled as Milan/Augusta Township, Ohio.)", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-data-center", "https://signalohio.org/ohio-data-center-boom-faces-political-resistence/", "https://thesuntimesnews.com/1b-data-center-plan-near-milan-sparks-debate-over-jobs-taxes-and-local-impact/", "https://baxtel.com/data-center/thor-equities-milan-michigan", "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/08/augusta-data-center-petition/", "https://grist.org/elections/a-michigan-town-hopes-to-stop-a-data-center-with-a-2026-ballot-initiative/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/08/augusta-data-center-opposition/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland", "noise", "ratepayer", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Petition to block Thor Equities data center in Milan", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "east-vincent-township-pennhurst-pa-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "East Vincent Township (Pennhurst)", "state": "PA", "lat": 40.172, "lng": -75.5748, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "permit_denial" ], "status": "denied", "date": "2025-10-01", "summary": "East Vincent's planning commission recommended rejection of a proposed 1.9 million sq ft data center at the former Pennhurst State School and Hospital for the second time. Commission cited 'significant deficiencies' with one member saying it 'looks like three big boxes dropped from Planet Zog.' Conditional use hearing process begins April 20. RESOLVED May 21, 2026: East Vincent Township Board of Supervisors voted 3-0 to DENY the conditional-use application for the 1.9M sq ft Pennhurst data center, citing zoning non-compliance, environmental concerns, and quality-of-life impacts. The developer plans to appeal to the Chester County Court of Common Pleas.", "sources": [ "https://www.inquirer.com/news/pennsylvania/pennhurst-data-center-east-vincent-20260410.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/plan-to-convert-former-psychiatric-hospital-near-philadelphia-into-data-center-set-to-be-blocked/", "https://vista.today/2026/02/recommend-denial-pennhurst-data-center-project/", { "url": "https://www.inquirer.com/news/pennsylvania/pennhurst-data-center-rejected-east-vincent-20260522.html", "title": "Pennhurst data center rejected by East Vincent" }, { "url": "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/05/22/east-vincent-pa-supervisors-unanimously-reject-data-center-proposal/", "title": "East Vincent supervisors unanimously reject data center" } ], "opposition_groups": [ "East Vincent Advocacy (EVT Advocacy)", "Prevent East Vincent Data Center Development", "East Vincent Advocacy", "Prevent East Vincent DC Development" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "company": "Penn Hurst Holdings DE LLC", "opposition_website": "https://www.evtadvocacy.org/", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/protect-pennhurst-from-data-center-development", "petition_signatures": 26104, "acreage": 125, "building_sq_ft": 1900000, "jobs_promised": 200, "project_name": "Pennhurst Data Center", "scope": "local", "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/savepennsylvania", "county": "Chester County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Deny Penn Hurst Holdings DE data center on 125 acres in East Vincent", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "temple-tx-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Temple", "state": "TX", "lat": 31.0982, "lng": -97.3428, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "other_opposition" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-04-21", "summary": "Construction is underway on Rowan Digital Infrastructure's $700M data center in Temple, while a second project ('Project Ranger') spanning 303 acres is planned. On April 21, 2026, Temple residents formally launched a recall effort against Mayor Tim Davis, Mayor Pro Tem Jessica Walker, and Councilman Mike Pilkington following a 4-0 council vote (with one abstention) approving annexation and rezoning of approximately 700 acres along Bob White Road for a $700 million Rowan Digital Infrastructure data center. The 'Stop the Temple Data Center' group is targeting 5,000 signatures with collection through May 20. This is the third Temple data center approval. Residents cite water usage, infrastructure strain, and noise concerns.", "sources": [ "https://www.kwtx.com/2026/04/07/temple-data-center-construction-underway-with-community-partnerships/", "https://www.tdtnews.com/news/central_texas_news/article_ee7c3d19-8342-4bad-857f-c53816f84a95.html", "https://kdhnews.com/news/region/third-rowan-data-center-minimum-700-million-investment-temple-withholds-utility-records/article_26faabc9-c301-547c-87b1-b011751e721d.html", "https://www.kwtx.com/2026/04/21/temple-residents-launch-recall-effort-against-mayor-council-members-over-data-center-vote/", "https://www.kxxv.com/news/local-news/in-your-neighborhood/bell-county/temple/temple-residents-launch-a-recall-petition-against-the-mayor-and-city-council-over-approved-data-center", "https://www.tdtnews.com/news/central_texas_news/article_97251f92-a4db-45cb-9bcf-b113047a4099.html" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Temple Data Centers" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "company": "Rowan Digital Infrastructure", "megawatts": 300, "investment_million_usd": 700, "petition_signatures": 216, "scope": "local", "county": "Bell County", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 300, "investment_usd": 700000000, "acreage": 700, "water_gallons_per_day": 4000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "grid_energy", "traffic", "water", "air_quality", "noise" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "216-signature petition opposing Rowan Digital Infrastructure data center", "community_outcome": "mixed", "petition_url": null, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "acreage 700 reflects Project Ranger footprint; the specific rezoned parcel is 303 acres", "added": "2026-04-21" }, { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently corroborated the flag. The cited KWTX article (evidence_url) states only that the group \"needs about 5,000 signatures\" and contains NO \"216\" and NO per-official tally. Multiple other pri", "added": "2026-06-21" } ] }, { "id": "gordon-county-ga-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Gordon County", "state": "GA", "lat": 34.4839, "lng": -84.874, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2026-02-04", "summary": "Gordon County enacted a preemptive data center moratorium, despite no active data center proposals. County officials studied ordinances in Jackson, Spalding, and Wayne counties to develop regulations for the design, construction, operation, and remediation of data centers. Officials said the goal is to ensure that 'when data centers come, we will get the benefits of them, but not the burdens.' The county near Calhoun determined it needs specific regulations before any data center development can proceed. Original action was a 60-day moratorium, later extended.", "sources": [ "https://www.northwestgeorgianews.com/calhoun_times/news/local/gordon-county-enacts-preemptive-data-center-moratorium/article_aee14801-6dd3-4b94-a453-2a3e684a8318.html", "https://www.northwestgeorgianews.com/calhoun_times/news/local/gordon-county-extends-stop-on-data-centers-as-zoning-language-is-updated/article_e989102c-da68-4047-8989-78fc5ad79e1c.html", "https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/10/22/wave-of-data-center-ordinances-sweep-through-ga-counties-how-strict-are-they" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Gordon County Board of Commissioners (preemptive)" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county": "Gordon County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause data centers in Gordon County pending regulations", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "albemarle-county-va-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Albemarle County", "state": "VA", "county": "Albemarle County", "lat": 38.0293, "lng": -78.4767, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Piedmont Environmental Council" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Albemarle County proposed a zoning overlay for data centers that would designate five areas as appropriate. The Piedmont Environmental Council raised concerns. The county paused the process in October 2025 to evaluate potential legislation from the 2026 Virginia General Assembly session. The community achieved a partial victory in its effort.", "sources": [ "https://www.crozetgazette.com/2025/10/03/county-supervisors-consider-data-center-regulations/", "https://www.wmra.org/2025-09-17/data-centers-boom-or-bust-for-albemarle-county", "https://c-ville.com/albemarle-county-weighs-regulation-on-data-center-development/", "https://www.cvilletomorrow.org/how-should-albemarle-county-regulate-data-centers-officials-want-to-hear-what-residents-think/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "bill_name": null, "bill_url": null, "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Create data center overlay zone in Albemarle County", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "muscogee-nation-ok-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Muscogee (Creek) Nation", "state": "OK", "county": "Okmulgee County", "lat": 35.68, "lng": -95.9, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Undisclosed", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Mvskoke Technology and Innovation Park", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 5570, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Honor the Earth", "Indigenous Environmental Network", "Stop Data Colonialism" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.honorearth.org/stopdatacolonialism", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/stopdatacolonialism/", "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Jordan Harmon and Mackenzie Roberts (both Muscogee Nation citizens) organized town halls after plans emerged to build a massive AI data center on 5,500 acres of Muscogee Nation land (the Looped Square Ranch near Okmulgee) originally purchased for food security, hunting, and fishing. Elected officials were required to sign NDAs preventing them from sharing project details with constituents. The Muscogee Nation National Council voted 4-11 to reject the proposal (NCA 25-077) on November 15, 2025. Featured on the cover of TIME magazine in February 2026. The project involves 5,500 acres.", "sources": [ "https://time.com/7377579/ai-data-centers-people-movement-cover/", "https://www.mvskokemedia.com/mvskoke-tech-park-bill-fails-in-4-11-vote/", "https://www.mvskokemedia.com/mvskoke-tech-park-plan-crashes/", "https://www.publicradiotulsa.org/local-regional/2025-10-07/indigenous-environmental-advocates-say-data-centers-risk-water-culture-and-informed-consent" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "farmland", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "tribal_government", "objective": "Deny Undisclosed data center on 5500 acres in Muscogee", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "west-memphis-ar-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "West Memphis", "state": "AR", "county": "Crittenden County", "lat": 35.146, "lng": -90.184, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Google", "hyperscaler": "Google", "project_name": "Project Pyramid", "investment_million_usd": 4000, "megawatts": 600, "acreage": 1178, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition of Little Rock Neighborhoods", "Arkansas Grass Roots United" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Google confirmed a $4B, 600 MW data center on 1,178 acres in West Memphis, Arkansas ('Project Pyramid'). Critics raised concerns about water, noise, utility rate increases, and that 1,100 acres support only 300 jobs. Arkansas Act 373 allows utilities to pass infrastructure costs to ratepayers. The project was approved despite opposition. The project involves 1,178 acres.", "sources": [ "https://arkansasadvocate.com/2025/12/12/fear-of-missing-out-on-data-center-boom-leads-arkansas-officials-to-ignore-hard-questions/", "https://constructionreviewonline.com/construction-projects/google-plans-10-billion-data-center-campus-in-west-memphis-arkansas/", "https://www.arkansasedc.com/news-events/newsroom/detail/2025/10/02/google-locating-new-data-center-in-west-memphis--arkansas-with-multi-billion-dollar-investment" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-24", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 800, "investment_usd": 4000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "noise", "ratepayer", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Google $4B data center over water and rate impacts", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "dundee-township-mi-2025-10-02", "jurisdiction": "Dundee Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 41.957, "lng": -83.659, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2025-10-02", "summary": "Dundee Township enacted a 90-day moratorium on data center development in October 2025 in response to Cloverleaf Infrastructure's proposal. The moratorium was extended six months in January 2026, carrying it through mid-2026. During the moratorium, no new applications can be submitted, and anything already in process is frozen. The township board is gathering information before taking a formal position. At least 27 Michigan communities now have active data center moratoria. State Rep. Jennifer Wortz (R-Quincy) introduced legislation to halt data center construction statewide until April 2027.", "sources": [ "https://bluewaterhealthyliving.com/news/local-news/michigan/where-does-dundee-township-stand-on-the-proposed-data-center/", "https://www.13abc.com/2025/10/08/data-center-dundee-takes-step-back-developers-plan-educate-public/", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/cloverleaf-drops-initial-plans-for-michigan-data-center-council-votes-to-block-water-supply/", "https://ironwooddatacenter.com/", "https://www.change.org/p/prevent-the-construction-of-a-data-center-in-dundee-mi", "https://www.wtol.com/article/news/local/village-of-dundee-michigan-officials-end-talks-on-data-center-after-public-pushback/512-03d03eb6-f350-4e2f-bd74-f16bf8d11a4c", "https://www.michiganpublic.org/economy/2025-10-23/behind-the-data-center-pushback-in-michigan", "https://bridgemi.com/michigan-environment-watch/at-least-19-michigan-towns-pause-data-centers-no-one-knows-if-itll-work/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Dundee's Not for Sale", "Citizens Against a Dundee Data Center" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "company": "Cloverleaf Infrastructure", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/prevent-the-construction-of-a-data-center-in-dundee-mi", "petition_signatures": 2062, "acreage": 750, "jobs_promised": 1000, "scope": "local", "county": "Monroe County", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1336789631279989/", "opposition_facebook_members": 1600, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 90-day data centers moratorium in Dundee Township (Cloverleaf Infrastructure)", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "city-of-bristol-tn-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "City of Bristol", "state": "TN", "county": "Sullivan County", "lat": 36.595, "lng": -82.189, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-10-07", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The City of Bristol unanimously approved a 2-year moratorium on data processing centers in September-October 2025, passing on both readings. The moratorium will remain in effect through 2027 while the city researches comprehensive zoning regulations including industrial zoning amendments, residential setbacks, utility needs (electricity/cooling), building styles, and community input requirements. The city had no existing zoning regulations for data centers before the moratorium.", "sources": [ "https://www.wjhl.com/news/local/data-center-moratorium-approved-by-bristol-tn-city-council/", "https://heraldcourier.com/news/local/government-politics/article_6d17d036-28fb-484d-9f0d-b28e4310216d.html" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 2-year data centers moratorium in City of Bristol", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "village-of-caledonia-wi-2025-10-09", "jurisdiction": "Village of Caledonia", "state": "WI", "county": "Racine County", "lat": 42.7978, "lng": -87.8762, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2025-10-09", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Microsoft", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": "Project Nova", "investment_million_usd": 7000, "megawatts": 900, "acreage": 244, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Project Nova" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.nodata.center/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/keep-caledonia-rural-say-no-to-rezoning-proposal", "petition_signatures": 2034, "summary": "Microsoft cancelled its 244-acre, 900 MW Caledonia data center (Project Nova) after a 2,000-signature petition and strong community opposition forced a rethinking of the plan. Microsoft said it remains committed to the region and Racine County officials are working to identify an alternative site, possibly still in Caledonia. Microsoft's other Wisconsin projects (Mount Pleasant, Kenosha) are unaffected. The project involves $7B investment. Microsoft's withdrawn project was 'Project Nova' (244 acres). Profiled by Transformer (May 21, 2026) as a national 'playbook' for defeating hyperscale projects; lead organizer Prescott Balch subsequently won a village board seat.", "sources": [ "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2025/10/09/citing-opposition-microsoft-cancels-caledonia-data-center/", "https://www.tomshardware.com/desktops/servers/microsoft-cancels-wisconsin-data-center-after-community-pushback-244-acre-caledonia-site-on-hold-but-redmond-says-it-remains-committed-to-the-region", "https://www.tmj4.com/news/racine-county/microsoft-pulls-plug-on-plans-for-244-acre-data-center-in-caledonia-after-community-pushback", "https://www.cnbc.com/2025/11/25/microsoft-ai-data-center-rejection-vs-support.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/microsoft-cancels-plans-for-data-center-caledonia-wisconsin/", "https://www.cleanwisconsin.org/how-caledonia-defeated-a-data-center/", "https://racinecountyeye.com/2025/09/23/microsoft-data-center-in-caledonia/", "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2025/09/24/microsoft-seeks-data-center-in-caledonia/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/milwaukee/", "https://www.wpr.org/news/microsoft-caledonia-data-center-site-ozaukee-county", "https://www.transformernews.ai/p/new-playbook-for-killing-a-data-microsoft-wisconsin-prescott-balch-charlie-berens" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": "Petition to block Microsoft data center in Village of Caledonia", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "fredonia-saukville-wi-2025-10-10", "jurisdiction": "Fredonia/Saukville", "state": "WI", "county": "Ozaukee County", "lat": 43.4578, "lng": -87.9538, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-10-10", "status": "pending", "company": "Vantage Data Centers", "hyperscaler": "OpenAI / Oracle", "project_name": "Lighthouse / Stargate", "investment_million_usd": 15000, "megawatts": 1300, "acreage": 672, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 22000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Responsible Energy Alliance", "Protect Fredonia Coalition", "No Data Centers in Ozaukee County" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.protectfredonia.com/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/nodatacentersinozaukeecounty/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Residents in Fredonia and Saukville formed a joint coalition to challenge new power-line routes serving the Vantage Data Center planned for Port Washington. The 'Responsible Energy Alliance' (~500 members) and the 'Protect Fredonia Coalition' (chaired by Pastor Patti Plough) are pushing back against against American Transmission Company's proposed routes of 96-123 miles of new transmission lines and up to 5 new substations. ATC submitted its application to the Wisconsin Public Service Commission. The PSC will decide on routes in spring 2026. The project involves the Vantage Data Centers proposal, 1300 MW capacity, $15B investment, 672 acres. Vantage press release confirmed 'OpenAI, Oracle and Vantage' for the Stargate WI site — Oracle is a co-tenant alongside OpenAI.", "sources": [ "https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2025/10/10/ozaukee-county-port-washington-data-center-fredonia", "https://www.fox6now.com/news/port-washington-data-center-residents-unite-against-proposed-powerline-routes", "https://www.tmj4.com/news/ozaukee-county/fredonia-neighbors-pleased-that-push-for-alternate-data-center-power-line-route-is-gaining-traction", "https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2025/11/21/ai-artificial-intelligence-port-washington-data-center-american-transmission-company-public-service-commission-of-wisconsin", "https://vantage-dc.com/news/openai-oracle-and-vantage-data-centers-announce-stargate-data-center-site-in-wisconsin/", "https://www.ozaukeepress.com/content/vantage-marks-start-15b-data-center-project", "https://shepherdexpress.com/news/features/the-struggle-against-hyperscale-data-centers-across-wisconsin/", "https://www.wpr.org/news/1-4b-transmission-line-project-proposed-port-washington-data-center", "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2025/10/18/port-washington-data-center-requires-1-4-billion-transmission-line-project/", "https://www.gmtoday.com/news_graphic/business/atc-transmission-line-proposal/article_a082f14b-f0d2-5f2b-a596-e64b2fb3e1fd.html", "https://www.eenews.net/articles/data-center-extension-cord-draws-landowners-ire/", "https://www.gmtoday.com/news_graphic/business/port-washington-power-routes/article_13c93a82-e614-5ea5-8dd8-fdc8cbc1c561.html", "https://www.gmtoday.com/the_freeman/news/washington-county-board-use-existing-infrastructure-for-port-washington-data-center/article_d5bc4922-6c3b-534c-8895-c35cf4f2d7d3.html", "https://biztimes.com/vantage-joins-local-officials-in-supporting-alternate-transmission-route/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "opposition_facebook_members": 2800, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 902, "investment_usd": 15000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Commission legislative study on data center impacts in WI", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "california-sb-57-ca-2025-10-11", "jurisdiction": "California (SB 57)", "state": "CA", "county": null, "lat": 38.576, "lng": -121.494, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-10-11", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "California SB 57 directs the CPUC to assess whether investor-owned utility costs from new data center loads result in cost shifts to other retail customers. Report is due to the Legislature by January 1, 2027. Signed by Governor Newsom on October 11, 2025 (Chapter 647, Statutes of 2025). The law takes a study-only approach; earlier prescriptive provisions were removed.", "sources": [ "https://sd18.senate.ca.gov/news/legislation-protect-california-ratepayers-paying-data-centers-energy-costs-signed-law", "https://calmatters.org/environment/2025/12/data-center-energy-study-california/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-14", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "SB 57 - Data Center Energy Study", "bill_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB57", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Prevent data center cost pass-through to residential rates in CA", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Steve Padilla (D-CA)" ] }, { "id": "meade-county-ky-2025-10-14", "jurisdiction": "Meade County", "state": "KY", "county": "Meade County", "lat": 37.9582, "lng": -86.2166, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-10-14", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Thomas A. Hobbs Living Trust (applicant)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 138, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 100, "opposition_groups": [ "Meade County Residents Against Data Centers", "Meade County residents (petition organizers)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-ai-data-center-construction-in-ekron-ky", "petition_signatures": 3024, "summary": "Thomas A. Hobbs Living Trust requested rezoning of a 138-acre site along Joe Prather Highway (25025 Joe Prather Hwy, Ekron) from Agricultural/Residential to Light Industrial for data center development in Meade County, Kentucky. After a 5-hour public hearing with 150+ residents and a 2,800-signature petition, the Planning Commission declined to recommend rezoning. Fiscal Court unanimously blocked the proposal and subsequently adopted a moratorium (Ordinance 2025-07) on new data center and IT infrastructure facility applications.", "sources": [ "https://datacenterwatch.substack.com/p/briefing-10172025", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-ai-data-center-construction-in-ekron-ky", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/officials-in-meade-county-kentucky-reject-data-center-rezoning-plan/", "https://www.wave3.com/2025/10/14/meade-county-zoning-commission-votes-against-data-center/", "https://www.wdrb.com/news/meade-county-commission-votes-unanimously-not-to-rezone-138-acre-site-for-proposed-data-center/article_05d308e7-72bb-461c-8b4a-7194a55ab4d3.html", "https://www.wdrb.com/news/neighbors-push-back-against-proposed-ai-data-center-in-meade-county/article_5576cf12-2e88-422a-ac08-d94b30d4cce9.html", "https://www.whas11.com/article/news/local/meade-ocunty-data-center-proposal-rejected-community/417-dd3e0b31-e31e-4f0e-b3a2-c0cf56357b16" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland", "grid_energy", "water", "zoning", "ratepayer", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Deny Thomas A. Hobbs Living Trust rezoning of 138 acres of farmland", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "url_unverifiable", "note": "Validation: removed dead opposition_website link (https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-data-center-in-ekron-ky).", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "manchester-township-mi-2025-10-14", "jurisdiction": "Manchester Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.15, "lng": -84.037, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2025-10-14", "summary": "Manchester Township enacted a 2-year data center moratorium beginning October 14, 2025 — one of the longest moratorium durations among Michigan communities. By Feb 2026, at least 27 Michigan communities had active moratoria as part of a wider push that has now reached the State Capitol where a bipartisan group of lawmakers introduced a three-bill package to temporarily halt new data center development across Michigan. Despite township opposition, the high-profile Stargate project in nearby Saline Township is moving toward 2026 groundbreaking.", "sources": [ "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://themanchestermirror.com/2026/02/09/data-center-moratoriums-pile-up-in-michigan-no-one-knows-if-theyll-work/", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://edraofmi.org/about-edra-mi", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers", "Economic Development Responsibility Alliance of Michigan" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_website": "https://edraofmi.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18791, "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county": "Washtenaw County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 2-year data centers moratorium in Manchester Township", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "pine-island-mn-2025-10-16", "jurisdiction": "Pine Island", "state": "MN", "county": "Goodhue County", "lat": 44.202, "lng": -92.649, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-10-16", "status": "active", "company": "Google", "hyperscaler": "Google", "project_name": "Project Skyway", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 482, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy", "Stop the Pine Island Data Center" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.mncenter.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/no-data-center-in-pine-island-mn", "petition_signatures": 874, "summary": "Pine Island, MN: The second summary judgment hearing in the data center lawsuit was held on April 20, 2026. A ruling is pending. The lawsuit challenges city approval of the data center project and has drawn organized community opposition.", "sources": [ "https://www.mncenter.org/press-release-pine-island-data-center-environmental-study-appealed", "https://www.postbulletin.com/news/local/flurry-of-filings-come-as-court-dates-draw-near-for-pine-island-data-center", "https://www.kttc.com/2025/10/09/pine-island-data-center-project-faces-community-opposition/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "water_gallons_per_day": 152000, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Sue for environmental review of Google project", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "hermantown-mn-2025-10-20", "jurisdiction": "Hermantown", "state": "MN", "county": "St. Louis County", "lat": 46.8069, "lng": -92.2377, "action_type": [ "lawsuit", "infrastructure_opposition" ], "date": "2025-10-20", "status": "approved", "company": "Mortenson / Harmony Group LLC", "hyperscaler": "Google", "project_name": "Project Loon", "investment_million_usd": 650, "megawatts": 700, "acreage": 403, "building_sq_ft": 1800000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 50000, "jobs_promised": 40, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop the Hermantown Data Center", "Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy", "Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy (MCEA)" ], "opposition_website": "https://stopthehermantowndatacenter.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/demand-transparency-and-reject-hermantown-rezoning", "petition_signatures": 2055, "summary": "The proposed 1.8 million sq ft 'Project Loon' hyperscale data center near Hermantown continues to face opposition. Data center opponents joined critics of a proposed 67.5-mile, $400M power transmission line from Grand Rapids to Hermantown at PUC public meetings April 6-9, 2026. The power line would end at a substation where Google is planning the data center. Opponents argue the transmission infrastructure enables data centers and that the $400M cost is being spread among all power consumers in the region. (Google is the buyer/end user; Mortenson is the construction contractor.)", "sources": [ "https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/04/08/opponents-of-data-centers-join-with-critics-of-power-line-proposal-in-northern-minnesota", "https://www.kaxe.org/local-news/2026-04-06/public-meetings-april-6-9-for-proposed-iron-range-tranmission-line", "https://stopthehermantowndatacenter.org/", "https://www.mncenter.org/release-hermantown-data-center-environmental-study-appealed" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "transparency", "anti_ai" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Sue for environmental review of Mortenson / Harmony Group project", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently confirmed. The evidence_url (BlackRidge) and four additional sources I checked (KAXE 2026-03-03, Duluth News Tribune, Fox21, global renewable news) all attribute \"700 MW\" to NEW CLEAN EN", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "new-jersey-a5462-conditional-veto-nj-2025-10-20", "jurisdiction": "New Jersey (A5462 Conditional Veto)", "state": "NJ", "county": null, "lat": 40.221, "lng": -74.756, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-21", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Directs electric public utilities to file a new tariff for large load customers (100+ MW/month) with the BPU, designed to ensure non-data-center ratepayers are protected from increased costs caused by massive electricity demand. Gov. Murphy pocket-vetoed the original bill before leaving office in January 2026. Reintroduced in the new session as S731/A796, which passed the New Jersey General Assembly with bipartisan support. Clarification: this was a pocket veto (no action taken by January 21, 2026 deadline), not a conditional veto. The bill was reintroduced as S731/A796.", "sources": [ "https://newjerseymonitor.com/2025/10/20/governor-data-centers-veto/", "https://njbia.org/bill-to-impose-tariffs-on-data-centers-pocket-vetoed-by-murphy/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "A5462 / S4307 - Large Load Customer Tariff", "bill_url": "https://www.njleg.state.nj.us/bill-search/2024/A5462", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Create large-load utility tariff for 100MW+ data centers (A5462)", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Asm. Dave Bailey Jr. (D-NJ)", "Asm. Joe Danielsen (D-NJ)" ] }, { "id": "logan-county-co-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Logan County", "state": "CO", "county": "Logan County", "lat": 40.725, "lng": -103.098, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-10-21", "status": "active", "company": "Granite Renewables", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 15000, "megawatts": 2000, "acreage": 4000, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Logan County Commissioners unanimously approved a 180-day moratorium on solar, wind, data center, and battery energy storage development in October 2025 after Granite Renewables (New York-based, develops co-located data centers) began visiting county officials. The potential project involves up to 2 GW of electricity, a $15B capital investment, 1,000 construction jobs, and 50-100 permanent positions. Commissioners expressed a desire for economic development but wanted to avoid hasty decisions. Water availability from the South Platte River is a key concern.", "sources": [ "https://www.journal-advocate.com/2025/10/22/county-imposes-6-month-moratorium-on-solar-wind-data-center-and-battery-storage-permits/", "https://www.govtech.com/infrastructure/logan-county-colo-pauses-future-energy-data-center-projects", "https://www.govtech.com/infrastructure/logan-county-colo-pauses-future-energy-data-center-projects" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 180-day battery energy storage systems moratorium in Logan County", "community_outcome": "win", "energy_mw": 2000, "investment_usd": 15000000000, "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "Granite Renewables details sourced to pagosadailypost.com; no primary confirmation obtained", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "douglas-county-ga-2025-03-01", "jurisdiction": "Douglas County", "state": "GA", "county": "Douglas County", "lat": 33.7015, "lng": -84.7477, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-10-22", "status": "active", "company": "DC BLOX", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Atlanta West", "investment_million_usd": 1150, "megawatts": 120, "acreage": 55, "building_sq_ft": 750000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Douglas County imposed a 90-day data center moratorium in a 4-1 vote in March 2025, later extended in August 2025 to study ratepayer impacts. DC BLOX closed $1.15B in green loan financing in August 2025 for its 120MW Atlanta West campus on 55 acres in Lithia Springs, adjacent to Microsoft and Google facilities. DC BLOX Phase 1 delivery delayed to 2026. Separately, a company filed an application for 11 buildings and three warehouse data centers in western Douglas County. Planning officials raised concerns about ratepayer costs for infrastructure upgrades.", "sources": [ "https://www.fox5atlanta.com/news/douglas-county-data-centers-moratorium", "https://www.blackridgeresearch.com/blog/latest-list-upcoming-data-centers-in-georgia-ga-united-states-us", "https://www.dcblox.com/data-centers/douglas-county-ga-hyperscale-data-center-campus/", "https://www.dcblox.com/dc-blox-acquires-55-acres-construction-180mw-data-center-douglasville-ga/", "https://www.dcblox.com/dcblox-secures-1-15-billion-green-loan-atlanta-data-center-campus-development/", "https://www.douglascountysentinel.com/douglasville_sentinel/data-center-moratorium-extended-to-determine-impact-on-ratepayers/article_3d610d7f-cec8-5be2-a4dc-9f3591440adc.html", "https://www.insightsfromanalytics.com/post/how-dc-blox-built-trust-while-others-face-rejection", "https://www.fox5atlanta.com/news/amazon-buys-118-acres-douglas-county-possible-data-center-amid-concerns-about-sustainability", "https://www.sierraclub.org/georgia/datacenters", "https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/10/22/wave-of-data-center-ordinances-sweep-through-ga-counties-how-strict-are-they", "https://www.douglascountysentinel.com/douglasville_sentinel/data-center-moratorium-extended-to-determine-impact-on-ratepayers/article_3d610d7f-cec8-5be2-a4dc-9f3591440adc.html" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 90-day data centers moratorium in Douglas County (DC BLOX)", "community_outcome": "mixed", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "initial megawatts revised from 180 to 120; 200 MW total planned at full build-out", "added": "2026-04-21" }, { "type": "needs_update", "note": "Validation: date 2025-10-22 appears to be a publish-date artifact not matching any event in the summary — needs reconciliation.", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "stafford-county-va-2025-10-22", "jurisdiction": "Stafford County", "state": "VA", "county": "Stafford County", "lat": 38.422, "lng": -77.4083, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-10-22", "status": "passed", "company": "Multiple (Vantage, Stack, Amazon/AWS)", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 2000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 82, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Stafford" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Stafford County adopted Virginia's strictest data center regulations in a 4-2-1 vote on October 22, 2025, including a 750-foot setback from residences (up from 100 ft), 200-foot vegetative buffer (up from 50 ft), 55 dB noise cap, and post-occupancy noise evaluations annually for 10 years. Five already-approved projects (Stafford Technology Campus, Potomac Church Tech Center, Centreport Gateway/Pemberton, Vantage VA-4, Cranes Corner) were grandfathered in December 2025. The regulations are believed to be the most stringent for data centers in Virginia.", "sources": [ "https://www.fredericksburgfreepress.com/2025/10/22/a-home-run-for-data-center-critics-stafford-supervisors-adopt-750-foot-setback/", "https://www.vedp.org/press-release/2025-11/vantage-stafford", "https://virginiabusiness.com/stafford-data-center-growth-i95-2025/", "https://www.potomaclocal.com/2025/05/21/stafford-residents-push-back-on-data-centers-county-promises-stricter-rules/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "bill_name": null, "bill_url": null, "county_lean": "R", "investment_usd": 2000000000, "energy_mw": 192, "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 750-foot data center setbacks in Stafford County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "culpeper-county-va-2024-04-01", "jurisdiction": "Culpeper County", "state": "VA", "county": "Culpeper County", "lat": 38.4735, "lng": -78.0069, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-10-28", "status": "approved", "company": "Amazon/AWS (via Marvell Developments)", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 500, "megawatts": 90, "acreage": 243, "building_sq_ft": 427000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 90, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition to Save Culpeper", "Save Brandy Station", "Piedmont Environmental Council", "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.saveculpeper.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Amazon Web Services is building a $500M data center on 243 acres along Route 3 in Stevensburg, Culpeper County, with two buildings totaling 427,000 sq ft and approximately 90MW capacity. The project attracted opposition from the Coalition to Save Culpeper and the Piedmont Environmental Council. Culpeper's elected officials have approved over 12 million square feet of new data center campuses total. A special Town Council meeting in October 2025 discussed a Minimum Revenue Agreement between STACK Infrastructure and the Town of Culpeper. Opposition groups participated in Lobby Day in Richmond in January 2026 advocating for data center industry reform. Culpeper data centers are permitted to emit up to 55 dBA at night, which opponents say is ten times louder than WHO-recommended levels.", "sources": [ "https://www.saveculpeper.com/", "https://dgtlinfra.com/amazon-data-center-culpeper-virginia/", "https://www.insidenova.com/culpeper/data-center-boom-transforms-culpeper/article_751ced36-5b17-11ef-a52c-cf43381926b5.html", "https://starexponent.com/localbusinesses/amazon-data-center-materializes-in-stevensburg-now-hiring/article_7365c512-819b-11ef-a52e-3b0a2414e697.html", "https://www.pecva.org/region/culpeper/update-on-data-centers-in-culpeper-and-invite-to-upcoming-rooftop-solar-lecture/", "https://virginiaindependentnews.com/infrastructure/data-center-cancellations-pile-up-as-virginians-voice-opposition/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 50, "investment_usd": 500000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Legal challenge to Amazon data center in Culpeper County", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "needs_update", "note": "Validation: the canonical AWS rezoning approval occurred 2022-2023, not the 2024-04-01 date field — needs reconciliation.", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "wyandotte-county-ks-2025-10-29", "jurisdiction": "Wyandotte County", "state": "KS", "county": "Wyandotte County", "lat": 39.1142, "lng": -94.7435, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-10-29", "status": "active", "company": "Red Wolf DCD Properties", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 12000, "megawatts": 600, "acreage": 548, "building_sq_ft": 1800000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "We the People of Wyco", "Kansas Sierra Club" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/WeThePeopleOfWyco", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Project Red Wolf is a $12B, 600MW data center campus by DCD Properties on 548 acres near Kansas Speedway, splitting 300MW north and 300MW south of Parallel Parkway. A protest petition and lawsuit by residents challenging the rezoning has put the project on hold. The Unified Government also has Project Yardbird (200MW conversion of former Quindaro Power Station; PowerTransitions has a $13.6M option) and Project Linda (200MW, location undisclosed) in the pipeline. As of early 2026, the lawsuit pending against Red Wolf remains the main obstacle; KCUR and The Beacon have published in-depth analyses of how data centers could raise BPU residential utility bills.", "sources": [ "https://kansasreflector.com/2025/11/07/lawsuit-delays-12b-data-center-in-kansas-city-as-community-environmental-group-voice-concerns/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/600mw-data-center-campus-proposed-outside-kansas-city-kansas/", "https://www.kcur.org/environment-agriculture/2025-11-09/data-center-kansas-city-wyandotte-county", "https://www.kcur.org/housing-development-section/2026-01-29/wyandotte-county-data-centers-would-require-a-lot-of-power-will-that-raise-your-energy-bill" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "grid_energy", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge TIF financing for Red Wolf DCD Properties data center", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "putnam-county-in-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Putnam County", "state": "IN", "county": "Putnam County", "lat": 39.665, "lng": -86.8647, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "active", "company": "Undisclosed", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Action Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/cacindiana", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": "https://x.com/cacindiana", "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Putnam County passed a one-year moratorium on wind, solar, data centers, and small modular nuclear reactor projects in November 2025. As of March 2026, commissioners are reviewing ordinances from White and Miami counties as references — including requirements for IDEM permits on backup generators, closed-loop or air-only cooling, and mandatory fire protection training for local fire departments. Putnam joins Marshall (Feb 2025), White (Oct 2025), and Fulton among Indiana counties enacting data center moratoria. Indiana state lawmakers took little action on data center bills in the 2026 session.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterwatch.org/report", "https://dailyjournal.net/2025/11/24/3-counties-put-moratoriums-on-data-center-projects/", "https://www.inkfreenews.com/2025/11/26/three-indiana-counties-pass-data-center-moratoriums/", "https://www.ibj.com/articles/3-counties-put-moratoriums-on-data-center-projects", "https://www.citact.org/about", "https://www.govtech.com/products/residents-push-indiana-community-toward-halt-on-data-centers", "https://www.insideindianabusiness.com/articles/3-counties-put-moratoriums-on-data-center-projects" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Halt data centers and solar in Putnam County after Undisclosed proposal", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_facebook_members": 5096 }, { "id": "archbald-pa-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Archbald", "state": "PA", "county": "Lackawanna County", "lat": 41.4951, "lng": -75.5363, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "active", "company": "Wildcat Ridge Data Center Campus", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 2100, "megawatts": 1600, "acreage": 574, "building_sq_ft": 17200000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 598000, "jobs_promised": 1280, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Archbald Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-archbald-borough-data-centers-limit-the-number-of-data-centers-in-archbald", "petition_signatures": 644, "summary": "Wildcat Ridge's $2.1 billion, 17.2 million sq ft, 14-data-center, 1.6GW campus in Archbald Borough had a hearing on April 14, 2026. Archbald Borough Council previously approved a zoning amendment expanding data center eligibility from 4 to 9 districts; residents filed lawsuits and continue to push back. The April 14 hearing is part of the ongoing development review process.", "sources": [ "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2025-11-25/crammed-angered-archbald-residents-express-disapproval-as-council-approves-controversial-data-center-zoning-amendment", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2026/01/18/wildcat-ridge-data-center-in-archbald-to-use-huge-amounts-of-power-water/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03032026/pennsylvania-data-center-resistance/", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2026/02/27/data-centers-join-archbald-to-defend-zoning-against-residents-appeal/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/21bn-data-center-campus-proposed-in-archbald-pennsylvania/", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2026/02/12/data-centers-are-coming-developer-addresses-archbald-at-public-hearing/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-construction-in-lackawanna-county", "https://www.wnep.com/article/news/local/lackawanna-county/data-center-lackawanna-county-archbald-blakely-jessup-council-votes/523-627d1d15-f8e2-436e-be39-732ec3ee3b26", "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2026-02-04/data-centers-residents-fear-negative-impacts-on-water-resources-as-data-centers-are-proposed-across-northeast-pa", "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2026-01-29/archbald-council-hears-from-data-center-developer-eyeing-500-acre-site-possible-mine-water-use", "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2026-03-19/data-center-concerns-prompt-regime-change-in-archbald", "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2026-03-27/archbald-denies-18-building-data-center-campus-during-special-friday-afternoon-meeting", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2026/03/11/wildcat-ridge-data-center-campus-faces-major-opposition-in-archbald/", "https://www.desmog.com/2026/03/11/data-centers-are-poised-to-engulf-a-pennsylvania-town/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Legal challenge to Wildcat Ridge data center campus zoning expansion in Archbald", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "campbell-county-va-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Campbell County", "state": "VA", "county": "Campbell County", "lat": 37.2047, "lng": -79.0922, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "active", "company": "Mesh Capital LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 57, "building_sq_ft": 450000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Campbell County residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-rezoning-for-data-center-in-concord-district", "petition_signatures": 26, "summary": "Mesh Capital LLC sought to remove a protective proffer from a 57-acre property on Cabin Field Road. Supervisors voted 5-2 to deny the request in October 2025. However, since data centers have by-right use on heavy industrial zoned properties, the developer submitted three new site plans for a scaled-back 450,000 sq ft data center that staff determined to be in compliance with the proffer.", "sources": [ "https://wset.com/news/local/campbell-county-faces-data-center-proposals-as-residents-call-for-stricter-regulations-route-460-concord-cabin-field-road-mesh-capital-llc-supervisor-matthew-kline-november-2025", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/data-center-plan-for-campbell-county-virginia-rejected/", "https://www.wdbj7.com/2025/11/03/data-center-could-still-be-coming-campbell-county-despite-denial-vote-supervisors/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-rezoning-for-data-center-in-concord-district", "https://www.govtech.com/artificial-intelligence/campbell-county-va-rejects-rezoning-to-draw-data-centers", "https://wset.com/news/local/campbell-county-leaders-to-hold-off-on-data-center-zoning-change-for-120-days-chairman-tom-lawton-matt-cline-concord-cabin-field-road-mount-athos-road-06-januaru-2026" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-20", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Deny Mesh Capital data center on 57 acres in Campbell County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "lufkin-tx-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Lufkin", "state": "TX", "county": "Angelina County", "lat": 31.3382, "lng": -94.7291, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "active", "company": "Amp Z", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Southland Paper Mill Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 1050, "megawatts": 175, "acreage": 1048, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 30, "opposition_groups": [ "Lufkin area residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-ai-data-center-lufkin-tx", "petition_signatures": 3483, "summary": "Denver-based Amp Z proposed Project Lufkin, a multi-gigawatt data center on 1,000+ acres at the former Southland Paper Mill site near the Neches River in Angelina County, TX. Total investment estimated at $1.05-$1.5 billion. Phased buildout: 175MW grid-connected by 2026, 1.1GW by 2028, ultimately 2.1GW. Estimated 500 construction jobs over 4+ years and ~30 permanent positions. As of early 2026, the project remains under negotiation and has not been approved for construction; scope and layout still being developed. A Change.org petition voicing community concerns continues to circulate.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-ai-data-center-lufkin-tx", "https://www.ketk.com/news/local-news/1b-ai-data-center-project-planned-near-lufkin-officials-release-details/", "https://lufkindailynews.com/news/community/texas-county-rejects-a-moratorium-on-data-center-development-amid-ai-boom/article_8c75c882-3ed8-5d5a-8ec0-508b9f6d6fb0.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/multi-gigawatt-data-center-campus-planned-in-east-texas/", "https://lufkindailynews.com/news/local/ai-data-center-planned-on-1-000-acres-at-former-southland-paper-mill-site/article_ff9e97bf-361d-5649-835b-68a75818bd94.html", "https://lufkindailynews.com/news/local/lufkin-council-denies-oncor-substation-permit-after-resident-opposition/article_43926f42-78d1-5f3e-ad2b-e912ea70c5d5.html", "https://www.governing.com/infrastructure/texas-towns-push-back-on-data-center-expansion", "https://www.cityoflufkin.com/_T2_R653.php", "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/02/13/texas-data-centers-local-governments-power/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Deny Amp Z 175MW data center permit in Lufkin", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "rockford-il-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Rockford", "state": "IL", "county": "Winnebago County", "lat": 42.2711, "lng": -89.094, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "active", "company": "Monarch Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Rockford Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 12000, "megawatts": 800, "acreage": 1100, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 3000000, "jobs_promised": 200, "opposition_groups": [ "Rockford residents (Change.org petition organizers)", "No Data Centers Northern IL", "Sustain Rockford", "Natural Land Institute" ], "opposition_website": "https://sustainrockford.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-high-impact-data-center-development-and-demand-sustainable-growth-for-rockford-il", "petition_signatures": 3947, "summary": "Monarch Energy's proposed $12B, 800 MW data center on 1,100+ acres near Chicago-Rockford International Airport is advancing. Monarch Rock Air LLC was formed April 2025. On February 17, 2026, FERC accepted an agreement allowing Monarch Rock Air to use ComEd transmission lines. Construction could begin late 2026 or spring 2027, with early operations projected for 2028. The project would use up to 3 million gallons of water per day. Expected to create 1,000+ construction jobs and ~200 permanent technology jobs. Neighbors fear property destruction and environmental impacts.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-high-impact-data-center-development-and-demand-sustainable-growth-for-rockford-il", "https://capitolnewsillinois.com/news/lawmakers-seek-ways-to-prevent-data-centers-from-straining-illinois-power-grids/", "https://www.mystateline.com/news/monarch-energy-finalizing-12-billion-investment-into-rockford-data-center/", "https://www.rockrivercurrent.com/2026/03/how-a-landfill-waste-to-energy-project-gave-way-to-a-rockford-data-center/", "https://fidelisinfra.com/project/monarch-compute-campus/", "https://www.mystateline.com/news/monarch-energy-finalizing-12-billion-investment-into-rockford-data-center/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 1200, "investment_usd": 12000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Petition to block Monarch Energy data center in Rockford", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "foristell-mo-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Foristell", "state": "MO", "county": "St. Charles County", "lat": 38.7831, "lng": -90.9298, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-16", "status": "pending", "company": "Oppidan Investment Co. / Longhorn Property Management / RR Realty Holdings", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Foristell Data Centers", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 400, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Foristell Residents Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-foristell-data-center-project-protect-our-community-s-future", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-foristell-data-center-project-protect-our-community-s-future", "petition_signatures": 635, "summary": "Two data center developers are eyeing over 400 acres of undeveloped land in Foristell, a growing city along I-70 straddling St. Charles and Warren counties. A public hearing was delayed from Jan. 5 to Jan. 20, 2026 to find a larger venue. Resident Phyllis Elizabeth Wall brought a petition with 150+ signatures. The Change.org petition has 664 signatures. Residents cite concerns that Foristell lacks infrastructure and oversight for such development. UPDATE: The Foristell Board of Aldermen is scheduled to hold the second reading and final vote on the 216-acre land annexation on March 16, 2026. If approved, residents can file a protest petition within 14 days (requiring signatures of 5% of qualified voters). A Change.org petition has been launched. Developer: Oppidan Investment Company / Connect. The project involves the Oppidan Investment Co. proposal. Tenant undisclosed; Google not confirmed in any source.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-foristell-data-center-project-protect-our-community-s-future", "https://www.midriversnewsmagazine.com/news/no-vote-yet-on-data-center-related-annexation-in-foristell/article_65a7a955-43a9-49c5-a59b-e6ec92360987.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/data-center-proposal-review-in-foristell-missouri-postponed-as-venue-unable-to-accommodate-turnout/", "https://www.stltoday.com/news/local/stcharles/article_5f3d9376-c237-425e-960f-7a9a19835e6e.html", "https://www.stlmag.com/business/rural-missouri-data-center-battleground/", "https://www.stltoday.com/news/local/stcharles/article_f83ef839-a172-4cf5-9a24-3cc446c79919.html", "https://www.ksdk.com/article/news/local/companies-eye-foristell-land-potential-data-centers-developers-st-charles-county-warren-county-farmers-agriculture/63-5dcdc2e6-0c60-4b10-9b3b-88e37b5cc54e", "https://moundcitymessenger.com/2026/02/20/foristell-residents-express-opposition-to-proposed-data-center/", "https://www.midriversnewsmagazine.com/news/decision-on-foristell-land-annexation-coming-next-month/article_12c2f2ba-bc92-463c-a54e-0d22190acbe0.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "784-signature petition opposing Oppidan Investment Co. data center", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "york-county-sc-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "York County", "state": "SC", "county": "York County", "lat": 35.0016, "lng": -81.2348, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-06-15", "status": "pending", "company": "QTS Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project COBRA", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 800, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 18000, "jobs_promised": 200, "opposition_groups": [ "York County Citizens for Responsible Growth" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-qts-data-center-in-york-county-sc", "petition_signatures": 1759, "summary": "QTS is building a nine-building $1 billion campus near Lake Wylie, threatening the 95-acre Penland Christmas Tree Farm next door. Residents are concerned about noise, blinding security lights, and the sale of 400+ acres under the secretive code name 'Project COBRA' without community knowledge. Nearly 800 people signed a petition to stop the project. The tree farm owner worries increased heat could dry out his trees and ruin a nearly 60-year-old family business. Opposition group York County Citizens for Responsible Growth launched a Change.org petition with 900+ signatures. QTS held a face-to-face meeting with residents in February. York County Council has stood by the project and its 40-year incentive package. The project involves the QTS Data Centers proposal, $8B investment, 800 acres. On June 15, 2026 the York County Council gave first-reading approval to a nine-month data center moratorium (to study rate-making, on-site generation, noise, and generator limits); second reading is set for June 29 and final reading July 13. The county's legal team would not confirm whether the pause affects QTS's Lake Wylie campus (vested-rights dispute for in-progress phases). [Update 2026-06-22: STILL PENDING - multi-reading process underway. York County Council passed FIRST reading of a 9-month moratorium on new special exceptions, conditional-use approvals, site-plan acceptances and other land-use approvals for data centers in unincorporated York County (the vote was not unanimous; Councilman Roddey abstained, wanting legal advice on whether...]", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-qts-data-center-in-york-county-sc", "https://www.postandcourier.com/york-county/news/resident-concerns-york-county-qts-data-center/article_475e41a6-a73b-4288-a23d-2cdefd0bedec.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/qts-to-build-data-center-in-york-county-south-carolina/", "https://qtsdatacenters.com/data-centers/york/", "https://www.wral.com/news/local/qts-data-center-lake-wylie-york-county-sc-feb-2026/", "https://www.wcnc.com/article/tech/science/environment/data-center-concerns-york-county-sc-2-11-2026/275-1d5a7101-2b38-43fe-b5ef-9032464e5f8b", "https://hoodline.com/2026/02/lake-wylie-neighbors-fume-as-qts-data-center-rocks-their-quiet-cove/", "https://www.datacenterfrontier.com/site-selection/article/33011849/qts-data-centers-makes-1-billion-south-carolina-debut-amid-busy-2023", "https://governor.sc.gov/news/2023-09/qts-data-centers-establishing-first-south-carolina-operations-york-county", "https://www.wbtv.com/2026/02/11/residents-share-concerns-new-data-center-being-built-york-county/", { "url": "https://www.wbtv.com/2026/06/17/york-county-weighs-9-month-moratorium-new-data-centers-what-we-know/", "title": "York County weighs 9-month moratorium on new data centers: What we know (WBTV)" }, { "url": "https://www.wrhi.com/2026/06/york-county-council-approves-data-center-moratorium-first-reading-advances-1-5b-biopharmaceutical-project-213500", "title": "York County Council Approves Data Center Moratorium First Reading (WRHI)" }, { "url": "https://www.qcnews.com/news/u-s/york-county/york-county-leaders-consider-nine-month-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "title": "York County leaders consider nine-month moratorium on data centers (QC News)" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "noise", "tax_incentive", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Petition to block QTS Data Centers data center in York County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "kokomo-howard-county-in-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Kokomo (Howard County)", "state": "IN", "county": "Howard County", "lat": 40.4864, "lng": -86.1336, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "active", "company": "Whitmore & Blackwell (developer) / Indiana Economic Development Corporation", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Kokomo Data Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 750, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Action Coalition", "No Data Center Kokomo-Howard County" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/prevent-data-centers-from-establishing-in-kokomo-indiana", "petition_signatures": 2574, "summary": "A Change.org petition titled 'Prevent Data Centers from Establishing in Kokomo Indiana' gathered signatures citing concerns about water consumption, utility cost increases, and higher taxes. The Kokomo Common Council approved annexation and rezoning of 746 acres of formerly unincorporated Howard County land for industrial use, with Council Member Bob Stephenson the sole vote against both ordinances. Mayor Moore has publicly vouched to protect Kokomo from data centers, but more than a dozen residents shared concerns about the impacts of industrial development at the council meeting. The project involves the Whitmore & Blackwell proposal, 750 acres. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'loss' per https://www.kokomotribune.com/news/city-council-passes-annexation-rezoning-in-8-1-vote/article_f80e6d20-1ad3-4f04-916d-999d7e5ff0e5.html.]", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/prevent-data-centers-from-establishing-in-kokomo-indiana", "https://www.wrtv.com/news/local-news/in-your-community/north-side-indy/kokomo-residents-say-no-to-proposed-ai-data-center-plan-in-howard-county", "https://www.kokomotribune.com/news/local_news/residents-challenge-kokomo-plan-commission-on-rezoning/article_1645c32a-92cc-4d4e-8569-421e6b7bb270.html", "https://www.wishtv.com/news/indiana-news/kokomo-council-considers-annexation/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "ratepayer", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Petition to block Whitmore & Blackwell data center in Kokomo", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "south-strabane-township-pa-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "South Strabane Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Washington County", "lat": 40.1775, "lng": -80.222, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "active", "company": "JLL (marketing agent) / CNX Resources (landowner)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "South Strabane Mega Data Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 600, "acreage": 1500, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 525000, "jobs_promised": 400, "opposition_groups": [ "Center for Coalfield Justice" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.change.org/p/mega-data-center-petition-south-strabane-township-9d0f1278-a87f-4b5e-9ea3-af71eb428aa2", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/coalfieldjustice/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/mega-data-center-petition-south-strabane-township-9d0f1278-a87f-4b5e-9ea3-af71eb428aa2", "petition_signatures": 729, "summary": "South Strabane Township began drafting data center regulations after CNX Resources' 1,400-acre tract (with 400 buildable acres) was marketed by JLL for data center development. 'No Data Centers' signs appeared along roads. The township planning commission voted in March 2026 to recommend that the Board of Supervisors adopt a draft ordinance requiring 1,000-foot setbacks from residential homes and a community benefit agreement requiring developers to pay for police, fire, public safety, and infrastructure. Residents packed a 3-hour public hearing at the Oak Spring Road Fire Department in early April 2026. As of early April, CNX's property has not been sold, and there are no current plans to build a data center in the township. The Board of Supervisors is set to take up the ordinance at its April 28 meeting. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://www.heraldstandard.com/news/local_news/2026/jun/11/south-strabane-adopts-data-center-noise-ordinances/.]", "sources": [ "https://www.heraldstandard.com/news/local_news/2026/mar/21/south-strabane-planning-commission-recommends-supervisors-approve-data-center-ordinance/", "https://www.observer-reporter.com/news/local_news/2026/apr/02/south-strabane-residents-pack-fire-hall-for-data-center-hearing/", "https://www.observer-reporter.com/news/local_news/2026/feb/28/data-center-ordinance-draws-crowd-in-south-strabane/", "https://www.southstrabane.com/home/news/data-center-update", "https://www.southstrabane.com/sites/g/files/vyhlif1236/f/uploads/sst-_draft_data_center_ordinance_2-4-26.pdf" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "environmental", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Ban data centers in designated zones in South Strabane", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 4122 }, { "id": "cumberland-county-nc-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Cumberland County", "state": "NC", "county": "Cumberland County", "lat": 35.0527, "lng": -78.8784, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "active", "company": "Energy Storage Solutions", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "ESS NetZero Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 6400, "megawatts": 300, "acreage": 50, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Cumberland County Residents Against Data Centers", "Fayetteville Rising Against Data Centers", "Fayetteville Freedom for All" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://bit.ly/faydatafb", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-in-cumberland-county-protect-fayetteville-s-health-and-water", "petition_signatures": 2433, "summary": "Energy Storage Solutions (ESS) is planning a 'NetZero' data center off Dunn Road in Fayetteville (Cumberland County, NC), built in 8 phases with $6.4B investment as part of ESS's $19.2B North Carolina footprint. The project would be powered by Piedmont Natural Gas and PWC (Fayetteville Utilities) 69kV line plus Duke Energy 115/230kV lines. As of early 2026, three of seven Cumberland County commissioners have publicly said they would vote for a moratorium on data centers following a spirited public hearing. No company is currently seeking formal approval; commissioners are positioning to get ahead of any application. Cumberland County is drafting its first data center rules. A Change.org petition continues to gather signatures opposing the project. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://www.cityviewnc.com/stories/cumberland-county-enacts-6-month-data-center-moratorium/.]", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-in-cumberland-county-protect-fayetteville-s-health-and-water", "https://www.cityviewnc.com/stories/residents-push-for-clarity-as-data-centers-consider-fayetteville/", "https://www.cityviewnc.com/stories/cumberland-county-drafting-its-first-rules-for-data-centers/", "https://www.cityviewnc.com/stories/newsletter/%F0%9F%96%A5%EF%B8%8F-data-centers-under-scrutiny-in-cumberland-county/", "https://energystoragesolutionsllc.com/", "https://www.connectcre.com/stories/energy-storage-solutions-seeking-permit-for-6-4b-data-center/", "https://wkml.com/2026/01/29/fayetteville-economic-group-hosts-public-forum-on-data-center-plans-thursday/", "https://www.blackridgeresearch.com/blog/latest-list-of-biggest-largest-upcoming-data-centers-north-carolina-united-states-us", "https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/build-design/developer-forges-ahead-with-38b-in-nc-data-center-builds", "https://www.cumberlandcountync.gov/departments/public-information-group/public-information/news-releases/news-release-full-story/2026/03/10/board-of-commissioners-to-hold-special-meeting-and-public-comment-period-on-proposed-data-centers", "https://www.cityviewnc.com/stories/3-commissioners-back-data-center-moratorium-as-public-opposition-intensifies/", "https://www.northcarolinahealthnews.org/2026/03/25/nc-communities-push-back-ai-data-centers-project-delta-lawsuit/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 44, "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "transparency", "grid_energy", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Petition to block Energy Storage Solutions data center in Cumberland County", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [] }, { "id": "lyon-county-silver-springs-nv-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Lyon County (Silver Springs)", "state": "NV", "county": "Lyon County", "lat": 39.4337, "lng": -119.2258, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Tract", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Tract Silver Springs / Multiple Data Centers", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1600, "acreage": 1060, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Against Over Development in Lyon County" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/will-we-lose-our-water-petition-to-disapprove-of-data-centers", "petition_signatures": 136, "summary": "Tract acquired 1,060 acres near Silver Springs in Lyon County to develop a datacenter park with up to 1.6GW capacity. The Lyon County Planning Commission unanimously approved the rezoning of 500+ acres. Some citizens expressed opposition citing environmental impacts and accusations of official corruption. Microsoft is also developing a 274-acre datacenter in Silver Springs. The first phase provides 150MW across 2-4 buildings. The project involves 1,060 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/will-we-lose-our-water-petition-to-disapprove-of-data-centers", "https://nevadacurrent.com/2026/02/09/data-center-water-power-needs-regulatory-challenges-strain-rural-communities/", "https://www.tract.com/news/tract-expands-its-greater-reno-portfolio-closing-on-1060-acres-in-silver-springs-nevada-following-successful-rezoning-and-development-agreement-with-lyon-county/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/tract-acquires-1000-acres-in-nevada-for-16gw-data-center-park/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/land-rezoning-approved-for-data-center-in-lyon-county-nevada/", "https://www.carsonnow.org/11/25/2025/blm-reports-new-policy-limits-public-involvement-on-development-lyon-hears-update-on-massive-victory-district", "https://www.change.org/p/citizens-against-over-development-in-lyon-county-nv", "https://thisisreno.com/2026/02/nevada-data-centers-growth/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Block Tract rezoning of 1060 acres in Lyon County", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "surprise-maricopa-county-az-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Surprise (Maricopa County)", "state": "AZ", "county": "Maricopa County", "lat": 33.6292, "lng": -112.3679, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-05-06", "status": "approved", "company": "Takanock LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Baccara", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 700, "acreage": 160, "building_sq_ft": 2000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 100, "opposition_groups": [ "Project Baccara Opposition", "Stop Project Baccara", "Stop Project Baccara Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.stopbaccara.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-project-baccara-on-the-southern-border-of-surprise-az-in-maricopa-county", "petition_signatures": 10693, "summary": "Takanock LLC (DigitalBridge-backed) Project Baccara: The Maricopa County Planning & Zoning Commission unanimously approved a military Special Use Permit on April 9, 2026 for the 2 million sq ft data center campus with a 700 MW gas plant, despite 225 opposition letters submitted to the commission. The 'Stop Project Baccara' coalition has collected approximately 5,000 petition signatures. On May 6, 2026 the Maricopa County Board of Supervisors approved Project Baccara’s military compatibility permit 4-1 (Steve Gallardo the lone no vote), with final EPA/county air-quality and military approvals still outstanding (development expected ~2027).", "sources": [ "https://ktar.com/arizona-business/valley-data-center-scrutiny/5812647/", "https://www.abc15.com/news/region-west-valley/community-concerned-over-major-new-data-center-project", "https://arizonadailyindependent.com/2026/02/06/arizona-corporation-commission-approves-controversial-surprise-data-center/", "https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/arizona/2026/04/09/maricopa-county-planning-zoning-approves-project-baccara-data-center/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "bill_name": null, "bill_url": null, "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "5000-signature petition opposing Takanock data center", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "jonesborough-tn-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Jonesborough", "state": "TN", "county": "Washington County", "lat": 36.292, "lng": -82.474, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-11-03", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "", "sources": [ "https://www.wjhl.com/news/local/data-center-moratorium-approved-by-bristol-tn-city-council/", "https://www.wjhl.com/news/local/washington-co-commissioners-to-consider-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.wjhl.com/news/local/washington-county-commission-approves-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.washingtoncountytn.org/m/newsflash/home/detail/268" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 2-year crypto mining moratorium in Jonesborough", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "norton-oh-2025-11-03", "jurisdiction": "Norton", "state": "OH", "lat": 41.0292, "date": "2025-11-03", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "summary": "Norton City Council introduced a 180-day moratorium on data center zoning certificates after rejecting Quantum HPC's proposed 485,000 sq ft data center ('Project Triton') at the former PPG limestone mine. On October 20, council voted 5-0 to block the project after the company's founder was found to have made false statements about his education and litigation history. Quantum HPC withdrew their proposal. The project involves 90 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.akron.com/articles/city-of-norton-introduces-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://www.akron.com/articles/norton-city-council-rejects-data-centers/", "https://www.wkyc.com/article/news/local/summit-county/norton-data-center-project-will-not-move-forward-city-council-ppg-mine-site-limestone-drive/95-13c2926a-e2b2-4e81-b9fb-0cdae35bb7ca" ], "company": "Quantum HPC", "opposition_groups": [ "Norton residents" ], "project_name": "Project Triton", "county": "Summit County", "lng": -81.6382, "county_lean": "D", "scope": "local", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-construction-of-project-triton-in-norton-and-barberton-residential-areas", "petition_signatures": 1680, "energy_mw": 5, "investment_usd": 2000000000, "acreage": 90, "issue_category": [ "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Propose data centers moratorium after Quantum HPC proposal", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "reported 5 MW figure was inconsistent with a $2B project scale; megawatts set to null pending sourced confirmation", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "wiscasset-me-2025-11-04", "jurisdiction": "Wiscasset", "state": "ME", "county": "Lincoln County", "lat": 44.0028, "lng": -69.6656, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-11-04", "status": "active", "company": "Undisclosed (under NDA)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "$5B Data Center Proposal", "investment_million_usd": 5000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 300, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 200, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Wiscasset" ], "opposition_website": "https://protectwiscasset.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Wiscasset Selectboard voted in November 2025 to pause conversations about a $5B data center on town-owned land along the Back River after resident Richard Davis launched 'Protect Wiscasset,' a grassroots campaign. Little information about the end user, utility usage, or power source had been disclosed after the project was first revealed on September 16, 2025, alarming residents. The selectboard is developing a transparent evaluation process with no established timeline for completion. The project involves 300 acres.", "sources": [ "https://mainemorningstar.com/2026/02/23/as-data-centers-look-to-rural-new-england-maine-considers-a-moratorium/", "https://www.bangordailynews.com/2025/09/23/midcoast/midcoast-business/wiscasset-maine-data-center-proposal/", "https://www.pressherald.com/2025/09/23/large-data-center-could-come-to-wiscasset/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/vampire-data-center-scheme-irks-residents-in-wiscasset-maine/", "https://lcnme.com/currentnews/wiscasset-in-early-talks-for-data-center/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Undisclosed (under NDA) data center in Wiscasset", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://streets.mn/2025/11/07/deep-dive-the-farmington-push-for-responsible-hyper-scale-data-centers/", "https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/farmington-hyperscale-data-center-pushback/", "https://www.startribune.com/farmington-data-center-tract/601173097", "https://www.mprnews.org/story/2024/12/11/data-centers-spark-opposition-from-residents-concerns-over-energy-use", "https://www.datacenterresponsibility.com/", "https://bringmethenews.com/minnesota-news/farmington-residents-file-lawsuit-against-city-to-prevent-5b-data-center-plan", "https://www.startribune.com/farmington-mayor-resign-data-center/601577290" ], "company": "Tract", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 708, "investment_usd": 5000000000, "acreage": 343, "water_gallons_per_day": 2930000, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Castle Rock Township", "Coalition for Responsible Data Center Development", "Environmental Coalition of Farmington MN" ], "opposition_facebook_members": 2000, "id": "farmington-mn-2025", "jurisdiction": "Farmington", "state": "MN", "county": "Dakota County", "lat": 44.6402, "lng": -93.1436, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-11-07", "status": "active", "summary": "Tract received approval for a 708MW hyperscale data center consisting of 12 buildings up to 80 feet tall and 2.53 million sq ft, plus an electrical substation and several hundred generators with over a million gallons of stored fuel. Residents filed a lawsuit against the City of Farmington, alleging environmental and public health harms including air quality degradation, noise, and strain on water and electricity supplies. The Coalition for Responsible Data Center Development was formed to coordinate opposition. Castle Rock Township told Farmington and the Metropolitan Council it didn't consent to the proposed zoning changes, just weeks before the city council approved the project. Tract requested a one-year extension of the plat recording deadline to May 2026. The lawsuit is in discovery with a trial potentially in summer or fall 2026. The project involves $5B investment, 330 acres.", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "environmental", "farmland", "grid_energy", "noise", "water", "zoning", "community_impact", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Legal challenge to Tract data center in Farmington", "community_outcome": "pending", "investment_million_usd": 5000, "megawatts": 708, "building_sq_ft": 2530000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 2930000, "project_name": "Farmington Technology Park", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1244766996510704", "opposition_website": "https://www.datacenterresponsibility.com/" }, { "id": "johnson-county-ia-2025-11-08", "jurisdiction": "Johnson County", "state": "IA", "county": "Johnson County", "lat": 41.67, "lng": -91.5798, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-11-08", "status": "active", "company": "Undisclosed", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Iowa Chapter" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Johnson County Board of Supervisors unanimously approved a one-year moratorium on data center rezoning and permits in unincorporated areas on Nov. 8, 2025. The moratorium runs through November 8, 2026. The county is 3-4 months from finalizing a comprehensive ordinance addressing location, water usage, and facility size. While no firms had proposed building in Johnson County, the moratorium was adopted proactively given the regional surge in data center proposals.", "sources": [ "https://cbs2iowa.com/news/local/johnson-county-imposes-moratorium-on-data-centers-to-protect-resources-and-assess-impacts", "https://www.thegazette.com/local-government/johnson-county-board-of-supervisors-to-consider-data-center-moratorium/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/01032026/iowa-county-data-center-ordinance/", "https://dailyiowan.com/2025/11/06/joco-supervisors-discuss-possible-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.thegazette.com/local-government/johnson-county-looks-toward-future-beyond-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/fight-over-data-centers", "https://www.sierraclub.org/iowa", "https://www.sierraclub.org/issues/climate/data-centers" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose one-year moratorium on data center rezoning and permits in unincorporated Johnson County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "tama-county-ia-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Tama County", "state": "IA", "county": "Tama County", "lat": 42.079, "lng": -92.577, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-11-10", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Tama County Board of Supervisors approved moratoriums on both data mining/centers and battery storage on November 10, 2025. Applies to all proposed facilities regardless of size, technology, or location. Typo corrections made in follow-up meetings Nov 17-18. Key concerns driving this action include zoning concerns. The outcome remains pending.", "sources": [ "https://www.northtamatelegraph.com/news/local-news/2025/11/21/last-weeks-tama-county-supervisors-meeting/", "https://www.tamatoledonews.com/news/local-news/2025/11/21/fixing-typos-this-weeks-tama-county-supervisors-meeting/", "https://tamacounty.iowa.gov/files/meetings/2025-11-17_minutes_7402.pdf" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause data centers in Tama County pending regulations", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "barberton-oh-2025-11-10", "jurisdiction": "Barberton", "state": "OH", "lat": 41.0128, "date": "2025-11-10", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "summary": "Barberton City Council approved an indefinite moratorium on data centers in November 2025. In neighboring Norton, Quantum HPC's Project Triton proposal for the old PPG mine on Limestone Drive was killed in October 2025 after a contentious town hall meeting on October 13, where the Quantum HPC founder made statements the city law director determined were not true. The developer informed the city the representative was no longer working for them, and the project was withdrawn. Around 18 Ohio municipalities have enacted or are considering data center moratoriums. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://www.akron.com/articles/barberton-approves-open-ended-moratorium-on-data-centers/.]", "sources": [ "https://www.akron.com/articles/barberton-approves-open-ended-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://www.wkyc.com/article/news/local/summit-county/norton-residents-push-back-proposed-data-center-quantum-hpc/95-bded910f-b3ba-496f-8a62-f41b5a0506c0", "https://www.thebarbertongazette.com/2025/10/17/norton-data-center-proposal-withdrawn/", "https://www.akron.com/articles/norton-city-council-rejects-data-centers/", "https://www.thebarbertongazette.com/2025/10/17/norton-data-center-proposal-withdrawn/" ], "company": "Quantum HPC", "opposition_groups": [ "Norton and Barberton residents" ], "county": "Summit County", "lng": -81.6051, "county_lean": "D", "scope": "local", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-construction-of-project-triton-in-norton-and-barberton-residential-areas", "petition_signatures": 1680, "energy_mw": 5, "investment_usd": 2000000000, "acreage": 90, "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose indefinite data centers moratorium after Quantum HPC proposal", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "mitchell-county-ia-2025-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Mitchell County", "state": "IA", "county": "Mitchell County", "lat": 43.357, "lng": -92.789, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-11-25", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Mitchell County approved moratoriums on utility-scale solar (Resolution #1326-25, Nov 12, 2025, unanimous) and data centers until Dec 31, 2026 (Resolution #1336-25, Nov 25, 2025, 4-1 vote). Supervisor Wherry was the key proponent. The county also has ongoing disputes about the Salt Creek Wind project.", "sources": [ "https://mitchellcounty.iowa.gov/wp-content/uploads/Board-Proceedings-11-12-25.pdf", "https://mitchellcounty.iowa.gov/wp-content/uploads/Board-Proceedings-11-25-25.pdf", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/01032026/iowa-county-data-center-ordinance/" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause data centers and solar in Mitchell County pending regulations", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "hamilton-township-oh-2025-11-12", "jurisdiction": "City of Hamilton", "state": "OH", "county": "Butler County", "lat": 39.3212, "lng": -84.3505, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-11-12", "status": "active", "company": "Logistix", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Hamilton Innovation Center", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 240, "acreage": 29, "building_sq_ft": 320000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 100, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition Against Data Centers in South Ohio" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/coalitionagainstdatacenters", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Hamilton City Council Chambers were packed on Nov. 12 with residents voicing concerns about Logistix's proposed Hamilton Innovation Center, a 240 MW, 320,000 sq ft data center on 29 acres. Resident Teri Cunningham created the Coalition Against Data Centers in South Ohio Facebook group with 600+ members. Citizens circulate petitions, create yard signs, and speak at biweekly council meetings. The proposal remains under review. The project involves $1B investment.", "sources": [ "https://www.wvxu.org/environment/2025-12-03/developers-data-center-butler-county", "https://www.daytondailynews.com/local/life-changing-decision-data-center-growth-fuels-fears-in-local-communities/FQ4JYJCGSVG7TBF7C7A2GR6SVA/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/logistix-gets-planning-commission-approval-for-data-center-project-outside-cincinnati-ohio/", "https://local12.com/news/local/plans-1-billion-cincinnati-hamilton-ohio-data-center-advance-despite-environmental-energy-concerns-bills-usage-cost-customers-residents-logistix-property-group-consumption-natural-gas-hydroelectric-solar-wind-generators-technology-hub-tech-computers", "https://www.thebcfa.org/ignitebutler/featured-news-articles/p/item/64490/1b-hyperscale-data-center-could-break-ground-in-city-of-hamilton-in-2026", "https://www.wcpo.com/hamilton-ohio-data-center-city-council-meeting-october" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 240, "investment_usd": 1000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Petition to block Logistix data center in Hamilton Township", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "jurisdiction_ambiguous", "note": "jurisdiction corrected from 'Hamilton Township' to 'City of Hamilton' (Butler County, OH)", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "great-falls-mt-2025-11-17", "jurisdiction": "Great Falls", "state": "MT", "county": "Cascade County", "lat": 47.507, "lng": -111.283, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2025-11-17", "status": "cancelled", "company": "TAC Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 600, "acreage": 569, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Upper Missouri Waterkeeper" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "TAC Data Centers pulled out of its option to lease 569 acres adjacent to the AgriTech Park in Great Falls, Montana in November 2025, ending a $1-1.5 billion, 2-million-square-foot, 600 MW campus plan known as Project Cardinal. The project would have demanded up to 600 MW by 2030 — approximately 88% of what Montana's existing NorthWestern Energy customers use. TAC's subsidiary Ardent Tech said it could not proceed without NorthWestern Energy's cooperation in securing sufficient power supply.", "sources": [ "https://dailymontanan.com/2025/11/17/data-center-pulls-out-of-great-falls-group-says-others-charge-ahead/", "https://theelectricgf.com/2025/06/17/gfda-announces-1-billion-proposed-data-center-project/", "https://montanafreepress.org/2025/06/24/for-massive-great-falls-data-center-proposal-energy-supply-is-crucial-to-push-project-forward/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "developer", "objective": "TAC Data Centers withdraws from 569-acre Great Falls project", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "montana-statewide-mt-2025-11-18", "jurisdiction": "Montana (statewide)", "state": "MT", "county": "Judith Basin County", "lat": 46.5891, "lng": -112.0391, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-11-18", "status": "active", "company": "NorthWestern Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Montana Environmental Information Center", "Earthjustice", "Big Sky 55+", "Butte Watchdogs for Social and Environmental Justice", "Climate Smart Missoula", "Golden Triangle Resource Council", "Helena Interfaith Climate Advocates", "Honor the Earth", "Montana Public Interest Research Group", "NW Energy Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/MTEIC", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Nine Montana nonprofits filed a PSC complaint to stop NorthWestern Energy from shifting data center infrastructure costs to 413,000+ residential customers. NWE signed Letters of Intent with 11 data center developers for up to 1,400 MW without regulatory approval. In March 2026, Earthjustice challenged a PSC protective order shielding LOI details, arguing NWE hasn't shown trade secret qualification. The complaint is ongoing. The project involves 5,000 acres.", "sources": [ "https://dailymontanan.com/2026/02/23/eleven-data-center-developers-in-talks-with-northwestern-group-says/", "https://earthjustice.org/press/2025/groups-file-complaint-to-stop-northwestern-energy-from-shifting-data-center-costs-to-residential-customers", "https://montanafreepress.org/2025/11/18/groups-push-back-on-montanas-data-center-boom/", "https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/groups-challenge-montana-psc-order-that-shields-data-center-plans-from-public-view" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "PSC Complaint", "bill_url": "https://earthjustice.org/document/montana-psc-data-center-complaint", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "File PSC complaint over NorthWestern shifting costs to residents", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_facebook_members": 12088, "sponsors": [ "Earthjustice" ] }, { "id": "butte-mt-2025-11-18", "jurisdiction": "Butte", "state": "MT", "county": "Silver Bow County", "lat": 46.0038, "lng": -112.5348, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-06-18", "status": "pending", "company": "Atlas Power / Sabey Data Center Properties", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1750, "megawatts": 250, "acreage": 600, "building_sq_ft": 1000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Montana Environmental Information Center", "Butte Watchdogs for Social and Environmental Justice", "Big Sky 55+", "Climate Smart Missoula", "Golden Triangle Resource Council", "Helena Interfaith Climate Advocates", "Honor the Earth", "Montana Public Interest Research Group", "NW Energy Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/MTEIC", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Sabey Data Centers proposed two 500,000 sq ft buildings (1M sq ft total) on over 600 acres at Montana Connections Industrial Park in Butte, MT (Silver Bow County), requiring 325 MW of power and water-based cooling. Atlas Power's existing Butte facility (former Mike Mansfield Advanced Tech Center, formerly CryptoWatt) operates at 75 MW air-cooled and is in 'contractual estimate' stage with NorthWestern Energy for 75 MW more by 2026, growing another 75 MW over the subsequent 3-5 years. Atlas plans to expand its flagship operation. NorthWestern is reportedly in talks with 11 separate data center developers as of February 2026, raising concerns about water impacts and ratepayer cost shifts. [Update 2026-06-22: The 'Butte Data Center Initiative' (led by realtor Denise Kelly via nonprofit 406 People First) is in the signature-gathering phase; it would require two-thirds voter approval via special election before any data center is built or expanded in Butte-Silver Bow. As of June 18, 2026, organizers had ~1,500 of the 3,652 signatures needed (15% of registered...]", "sources": [ "https://montanafreepress.org/2025/11/18/groups-push-back-on-montanas-data-center-boom/", "https://meic.org/data-centers/", "https://dailymontanan.com/2026/02/23/eleven-data-center-developers-in-talks-with-northwestern-group-says/", "https://nbcmontana.com/news/local/proposed-butte-data-center-stirs-debate", "https://meic.org/not-so-fast-groups-warn-of-downsides-to-potential-data-centers-in-butte/", "https://meic.org/", { "url": "https://montanafreepress.org/2026/06/18/how-some-montanans-are-taking-data-center-regulation-into-their-own-hands/", "title": "How some Montanans are taking data center regulation into their own hands — Montana Free Press" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "ratepayer", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Organize coalition against Atlas Power data center in Butte", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_facebook_members": 12088 }, { "id": "pittsfield-township-mi-2025-11-18", "jurisdiction": "Pittsfield Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.223, "lng": -83.737, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2025-11-18", "summary": "Pittsfield Township enacted a 180-day data center moratorium in November 2025 — one of at least 27 Michigan communities to do so. Township representative Morgan Foreman is co-sponsoring the bipartisan three-bill data center moratorium package introduced by Michigan lawmakers in late February 2026 (Reps. Wortz, Fox, and Wegela). The 'Data Center Regulation Act' would prohibit new data centers from receiving state or local permits or commencing operations until April 1, 2027. However, the moratorium legislation faces uncertain prospects under Speaker Matt Hall and Gov. Gretchen Whitmer.", "sources": [ "https://www.wemu.org/wemu-news/2025-11-17/pittsfield-township-to-vote-on-data-center-moratorium", "https://thesalinepost.com/g/saline-mi/n/349655/pittsfield-township-considers-moratorium-approval-data-centers", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18791, "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county": "Washtenaw County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in Pittsfield Township", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "sullivan-county-tn-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Sullivan County", "state": "TN", "county": "Sullivan County", "lat": 36.514, "lng": -82.304, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-11-20", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Sullivan County Commissioner Jessica Means introduced a 4-month moratorium resolution on data mining and crypto mining centers on November 20, 2025. The commission deferred the vote at their December meeting. Subsequently, a major data center project was announced for Sullivan County (Indiana, near Merom Generating Station / Heartland Industrial Park, 1,000+ acres). Phase 1: $20B investment, 750 peak construction jobs, 125 permanent jobs. Phase 2: $45B, 2,000 peak construction jobs, 375 permanent. Project includes seven buildings and two end users. Community benefit package includes $25M to the county per phase plus $4.5M for local programs (Brownbaggers School Food, Merom Camp, Sullivan County Park and Lake). [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://www.wjhl.com/news/local/sullivan-county-commission-votes-to-create-zoning-district-for-data-centers/.]", "sources": [ "https://heraldcourier.com/news/article_9b6dc9dc-7dee-4370-a502-5ac8fb794474.html", "https://timesnews.net/news/340782/data-center-discussions-develop-around-region/" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 4-month crypto mining moratorium in Sullivan County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "howell-township-mi-2025-11-20", "jurisdiction": "Howell Township", "state": "MI", "county": "Livingston County", "lat": 42.6075, "lng": -83.9294, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-11-20", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Meta", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 1000, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop the Data Centers Livingston County", "Livingston County Residents for Responsible Development" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.livcoaction.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-construction-of-michigan-s-largest-data-center-in-howell", "petition_signatures": 3873, "summary": "Township enacted a unanimous six-month moratorium on Nov. 20, 2025 after ~2 hours of public comment. Trustee Bob Wilson confirmed Meta was behind the project, estimating a $9B investment and the center occupying at least 20% of the 1,000-acre space. The group 'Stop the Data Centers Livingston County' said the moratorium as passed did not apply to the current developer. In December 2025, the developers withdrew the rezoning request, stating they wanted to 'honor the current moratorium.' FracTracker Alliance celebrated the withdrawal as a community win. Developer withdrew $1B project after resident outcry, but moratorium remains in effect while township drafts zoning rules. The project involves 1,000 acres.", "sources": [ "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/12/billion-dollar-data-center-paused/", "https://michiganadvance.com/2025/11/21/local-michigan-township-trustee-says-meta-is-behind-data-center-project-planned-near-howell/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/11/meta-data-center-howell-township/", "https://www.fractracker.org/2026/01/howell-township-data-center-win/", "https://michiganadvance.com/2025/12/08/rezoning-request-for-rural-michigan-data-center-project-pulled-from-consideration/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-construction-of-michigan-s-largest-data-center-in-howell", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/meta-reportedly-the-company-behind-1bn-data-center-in-howell-county-michigan/", "https://www.wilx.com/2025/11/21/meta-is-behind-proposed-howell-twp-data-center-trustee-says/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Halt data centers in Howell Township after Meta proposal", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "vicksburg-ms-2025-11-20", "jurisdiction": "Vicksburg", "state": "MS", "county": "Warren County", "lat": 32.352, "lng": -90.878, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-11-20", "status": "active", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 3000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 175, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Vicksburg Residents Against Data Center (ad hoc)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Amazon/AWS announced a $3 billion data center campus near the Port of Vicksburg on Nov 20, 2025, after 2.5 years of secret development behind NDAs. Community forums revealed widespread concern about transparency, water usage, and environmental impacts. The project was named one of 2025's 'Worst Economic Development Deals.' Opposition is ongoing. The project involves 175 acres. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'loss' per https://mississippitoday.org/2026/06/09/amazon-data-centers-electric-bills/.]", "sources": [ "https://mississippitoday.org/2025/11/20/amazon-data-center-warren-county-mississippi/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/amazon-to-build-3bn-data-center-campus-in-vicksburg-mississippi/", "https://www.entergy.com/news/next-phase-of-superpower-mississippi-builds-highly-efficient-more-cost-effective-power-generation-source-in-vicksburg" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 754, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Amazon data center over water in Vicksburg", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "marshall-county-in-2025-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Marshall County", "state": "IN", "county": "Marshall County", "lat": 41.3234, "lng": -86.27, "action_type": [ "ordinance", "zoning_restriction", "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-20", "status": "passed", "company": "Undisclosed", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Action Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/cacindiana", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": "https://x.com/cacindiana", "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 20, 2026, Marshall County Commissioners voted to enact a permanent ban on data centers across the county, replacing the prior one-year moratorium. The action is reported as the first permanent county-level data center ban in Indiana. Commissioners simultaneously approved a 1,320-foot setback for battery energy storage systems and advanced first reading on solar farm rules capping panel area at five acres. Commissioner Jesse Bohannon said the county worked on protections for 'the last year and a half.' Marshall County had passed the original moratorium in early February 2025.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterwatch.org/report", "https://www.govtech.com/products/residents-push-indiana-community-toward-halt-on-data-centers", "https://dailyjournal.net/2025/11/24/3-counties-put-moratoriums-on-data-center-projects/", "https://www.inkfreenews.com/2025/11/26/three-indiana-counties-pass-data-center-moratoriums/", "https://www.ibj.com/articles/3-counties-put-moratoriums-on-data-center-projects", "https://www.giant.fm/marshall-county/news/local-news/marshall-county-commissioners-move-to-ban-industrial-solar-farms-and-data-centers/", "https://www.citact.org/about", "https://www.insideindianabusiness.com/articles/3-counties-put-moratoriums-on-data-center-projects", "https://www.wsbt.com/news/local/marshall-county-approves-permanent-ban-on-data-centers-effective-immediately-data-centers-solar-farms-industrial-size-projects-development-county-council-regulations-counties-experts-industries-marshall-county-indiana", "https://www.wndu.com/2026/04/20/marshall-county-commissioners-ban-data-centers-limit-solar-projects/", "https://www.953mnc.com/2026/04/21/marshall-county-approves-permanent-ban-on-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Halt data centers in Marshall County after Undisclosed proposal", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 5096 }, { "id": "clarksville-ar-2025-11-25", "jurisdiction": "Clarksville", "state": "AR", "county": "Johnson County", "lat": 35.4715, "lng": -93.4666, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-11-25", "status": "approved", "company": "Serverfarm", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SF ARK1", "investment_million_usd": 8000, "megawatts": 318, "acreage": 135, "building_sq_ft": 2000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Clarksville area residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-mega-data-center-in-clarksville-arkansas", "petition_signatures": 287, "summary": "Serverfarm acquired 135 acres through subsidiary SF ARK1 LLC, north of the water treatment plant on Palmer Road in Clarksville, Arkansas. Plans call for six buildings totaling over 2 million sq ft with 318 MW capacity. The project could cost $8 billion at full build-out. Residents are calling for a pause and public hearing, stating 'Arkansas land, water, and communities are not for sale.' Despite a Change.org petition, the city has approved the project.", "sources": [ "https://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2025/nov/25/data-center-builder-preparing-1-billion-project/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-mega-data-center-in-clarksville-arkansas", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/serverfarm-targets-135-acre-data-center-campus-in-arkansas/", "https://www.thegraphic.org/2026/03/03/air-permit-required-for-proposed-data-center-state-records-detail-generator-plans-as-site-clearing-continues/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Petition to block Serverfarm data center in Clarksville", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "wilmington-oh-2025-11-26", "jurisdiction": "Wilmington", "state": "OH", "county": "Clinton County", "lat": 39.4453, "lng": -83.8285, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-11-26", "status": "active", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 4000, "megawatts": 1500, "acreage": 471, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 16438, "jobs_promised": 100, "opposition_groups": [ "Wilmington Residents for Responsible Development (WRRD)" ], "opposition_website": "https://wilmingtondatacenter.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/prevent-ai-data-center-development-in-wilmington-oh", "petition_signatures": 2925, "summary": "Amazon/AWS proposed a $4B datacenter on 471 acres in Wilmington with a 30-year, 100% property tax abatement (effective 70% abatement). On April 23, 2026, Wilmington residents Jessica Sharp and Logan Sharp filed a lawsuit against the City of Wilmington, alleging officials failed to give proper notice to residents about the development. The lawsuit specifically targets the zoning text amendment that made data centers a permitted use in light industrial zones, plus the map amendment for the parcel. Plaintiffs plan to seek an injunction halting all project progress while litigation is pending. Jessica Sharp organized 'Wilmington Residents for Responsible Development' (WRRD), which grew to nearly 3,000 members.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/wilmington-city-council-postpones-vote-on-aws-data-center-in-southwest-ohio/", "https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/4-billion-amazon-data-center-proposal-in-wilmington-advances-to-next-stage-residents-want-pause", "https://policymattersohio.org/news/2026/01/07/amazon-data-center-proposal-a-bad-deal-for-wilmington/", "https://www.wnewsj.com/2026/01/05/wilmington-group-calls-for-added-protections-in-proposed-aws-data-center-project/", "https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/wilmington-delays-amazon-data-center-approval-after-resident-outcry-more-public-input-slated", "https://www.wnewsj.com/2026/02/25/wilmington-group-seeks-signatures-to-halt-data-center-development/", "https://local12.com/news/local/clinton-county-wilmington-residents-for-responsible-development-hold-town-hall-response-proposed-billion-billions-dollars-money-data-center-tech-technology-power-grid-noise-pollution-bills-environment-city-council-job-creation-jobs-cincinnati", "https://wilmingtondatacenter.org/", "https://www.wnewsj.com/2025/12/03/officials-detail-4b-aws-data-center-proposal-infrastructure-plans/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/aws-data-center-project-tabled-in-wilmington-ohio/", "https://www.change.org/p/prevent-ai-data-center-development-in-wilmington-oh", "https://www.wyso.org/news/2025-12-02/amazon-proposes-4b-data-center-in-wilmington-seeks-tax-abatement", "https://www.wnewsj.com/2025/11/21/protest-planned-ahead-of-council-vote-on-proposed-amazon-data-center/", "https://www.chooseclintoncountyoh.org/news/data-center-faqs", "https://www.wnewsj.com/2025/12/18/officials-address-water-power-concerns-at-data-center-town-hall/", "https://www.wnewsj.com/2026/03/12/wilmington-planning-commission-tables-data-center-zoning-amendment/", "https://www.wnewsj.com/2026/02/20/council-approves-rezonings-in-a-split-vote-amid-data-center-debate/", "https://www.whio.com/news/local/another-500-acres-land-zoned-second-data-center-wilmington/KXXP722G6ZD4LMQV2Z6U4UJUQE/", "https://www.fox19.com/2026/04/23/tri-state-residents-take-legal-action-halt-proposed-amazon-data-center/", "https://www.wnewsj.com/2026/04/23/residents-file-lawsuit-over-proposed-aws-data-center-in-wilmington/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "investment_usd": 4000000000, "energy_mw": 1500, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "contract_guarantees", "design_standards", "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "tax_incentive", "transparency", "water", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Require use permit for Amazon/AWS data center in Wilmington", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently confirmed: no working primary source states a MW capacity for the Wilmington, OH AWS project. The evidence_url (DCD) and wnewsj articles return 403 on direct fetch, but search-indexed co", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "hogansville-troup-county-ga-2025-11-26", "jurisdiction": "Hogansville (Troup County)", "state": "GA", "lat": 33.1715, "lng": -84.9133, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "status": "active", "date": "2025-11-26", "summary": "Hogansville City Council approved a 90-day moratorium halting all data center applications, including Fertile Ground Investments' proposal for a 600 MW data center on 437 acres of the city's old sprayfield property on Hightower Road. The developer had until March 2026 to present a proposal contingent on rezoning from residential to industrial. The project would bring ~$400K/year in tax revenue but only 30-35 jobs. Residents expressed concerns about property values, water consumption, energy costs, and utility bill increases.", "sources": [ "https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/11/26/why-are-troup-county-residents-saying-no-600-mw-data-center-in-hogansville", "https://www.ajc.com/news/business/massive-97-billion-data-center-proposed-in-troup-county/V7BUTU4FJ5GHRJDIN2XFJ4AWXM/", "https://www.fox5atlanta.com/news/data-center-campus-proposed-troup-county-jobs", "https://www.lagrangenews.com/2025/03/13/9-7-billion-data-center-project-proposed-in-troup-county/", "https://www.lagrangenews.com/news/hogansville-approves-90-day-moratorium-for-data-centers-9d59b175" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Troup County Anti-Data Center Coalition" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "megawatts": 600, "investment_million_usd": null, "company": "Fertile Ground Investments", "project_name": "Hogansville Data Center", "acreage": 437, "building_sq_ft": null, "scope": "local", "county": "Troup County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency", "water", "property_values" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Propose data centers moratorium after Fertile Ground Investments proposal", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "monroe-county-ga-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Monroe County", "state": "GA", "county": "Monroe County", "lat": 33.0154, "lng": -83.9177, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "passed", "company": "Otis Ingram (Bolingbroke Technology Campus)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 5800, "megawatts": 1100, "acreage": 900, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Save High Falls Lake", "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/savehighfallslake/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/protect-high-falls-lake-the-towaliga-watershed-from-data-center-industrial-development", "petition_signatures": 14442, "summary": "Monroe County passed a data center moratorium on unincorporated land after commissioners unanimously rejected the 900-acre, $5.8 billion Bolingbroke Technology Campus. Nearly 900 residents packed the county meeting to challenge the project, citing traffic, water use, and industrialization of rural land. The property owner subsequently sued the county. The project involves the Charles Ingram proposal, 1100 MW capacity. (Google hyperscaler attribution is unverified and has been removed.)", "sources": [ "https://www.13wmaz.com/article/news/local/forsyth-monroe/monroe-county-passes-data-center-moratorium-will-review-potential-limitations/93-195cbb55-5a2a-4f29-879f-c0f3f859aef2", "https://www.13wmaz.com/article/news/local/forsyth-monroe/monroe-residents-prepared-to-fight-58b-data-center-project-in-bolingbroke/93-03be2ea5-cad3-4a3b-acc5-6369a3c93c20", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/900mw-data-center-campus-proposed-outside-macon-georgia/", "https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/07/29/monroe-county-data-center-loses-zoning-vote-in-face-of-community-opposition", "https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/08/06/despite-the-promise-of-millions-of-dollars-every-year-monroe-county-says-no-data", "https://www.sierraclub.org/georgia/datacenters" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "farmland", "traffic", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose moratorium on data centers in Monroe County after rejecting $5.8B Bolingbroke campus", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "athens-clarke-county-ga-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Athens-Clarke County", "state": "GA", "county": "Clarke County", "lat": 33.9519, "lng": -83.3576, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-09", "status": "passed", "company": "FAE Clark LLC (end-user unknown)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 233, "building_sq_ft": 2000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Athens-Clarke County Commission originally imposed an emergency moratorium on data centers in December 2025, extended it to June 5, 2026, and used the time to develop permanent regulations. On April 9, 2026, the Commission voted to lift the moratorium and replace it with a permanent zoning ordinance requiring: data centers only in heavy industrial zones, mandatory closed-loop cooling systems (reducing water use), and reporting requirements for water and energy consumption.", "sources": [ "https://www.wuga.org/local-news/2025-12-03/acc-commission-pauses-new-data-centers-manager-says-athena-studios-data-center-would-need-rezone", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/permission-denied-to-data-center-in-athens-clarke-county-georgia-talks-of-a-potential-moratorium/", "https://nowhabersham.com/athens-commission-calls-for-moratorium-on-data-centers-after-potential-hyperscale-project-denied/", "https://athenspoliticsnerd.com/commission-places-temporary-ban-on-new-data-centers-in-athens/", "https://flagpole.com/news/news-features/2026/02/25/athens-clarke-county-commissioners-want-to-outright-ban-data-centers/", "https://www.wuga.org/local-news/2026-03-02/mayor-and-commission-vote-on-data-center-moratorium-extension", "https://athenspoliticsnerd.com/acc-commission-prepares-to-regulate-data-centers-as-strongly-as-legally-allowed/", "https://www.redandblack.com/athensnews/athens-mayor-and-commission-votes-to-extend-data-center-moratorium/article_5c1abc8b-78a1-4dc2-8b92-5772e98a2941.html", "https://www.sierraclub.org/georgia/datacenters", "https://flagpole.com/news/city-dope/2026/03/11/athens-clarke-county-commission-extends-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://www.wuga.org/local-news/2026-04-09/athens-clarke-county-data-center-ban-lifted-replaced-with-ordinance" ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "environmental", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Propose data centers moratorium after FAE Clark (end-user unknown) proposal", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "town-of-carlton-wi-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Town of Carlton", "state": "WI", "county": "Kewaunee County", "lat": 44.4939, "lng": -87.5142, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Cloverleaf Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Tisch Mills Farm Center" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Cloverleaf Infrastructure scrapped plans in Carlton (Kewaunee County) after local residents objected to the idea. Town Chairman David Hardtke told Cloverleaf 'if this is such a good thing for the town I want the public informational meeting and they would not do that -- it's not good for the town.' Chris Kohnle of Tisch Mills Farm Center warned 'once they take land away, it'll never come back.' The developer was subsequently also rejected in the Village of Greenleaf (Brown County). Carlton's proximity to Lake Michigan made it attractive for cooling.", "sources": [ "https://pbswisconsin.org/news-item/kewaunee-county-town-staves-off-plan-for-a-land-purchase-by-a-data-center-developer/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/cloverleaf-walks-away-from-data-center-site-project-in-kewaunee-wisconsin/", "https://www.nbc26.com/lakeshore/wisconsin-lakeshore-towns-resist-data-center-development-on-farmland", "https://www.kewauneecountystarnews.com/stories/carlton-staves-off-interest-from-data-center-developers,317099" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-05", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "farmland", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Force Cloverleaf Infrastructure to scrap data center plans in Carlton after public opposition", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "big-rapids-township-mi-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Big Rapids Township", "state": "MI", "county": "Mecosta County", "lat": 43.6892, "lng": -85.4837, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "passed", "company": "Undisclosed", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers", "Economic Development Responsibility Alliance of Michigan" ], "opposition_website": "https://edraofmi.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18792, "summary": "Big Rapids Township passed an ordinance banning data centers in its 120-acre airport industrial park, part of a wave of at least 27 Michigan communities enacting moratoria or zoning restrictions on data center development amid concerns about grid strain and inadequate local zoning codes. Opposition was led by Michiganders Against Data Centers and Economic Development Responsibility Alliance of Michigan. A petition gathered 18,937 signatures. The outcome remains pending.", "sources": [ "https://www.bigrapidsnews.com/news/article/new-ordinance-bans-data-centers-big-rapids-21225421.php", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://bridgemi.com/michigan-environment-watch/at-least-19-michigan-towns-pause-data-centers-no-one-knows-if-itll-work/", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://edraofmi.org/about-edra-mi", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Ban data centers in Big Rapids Township's airport industrial park", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "mclennan-county-tx-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "McLennan County", "state": "TX", "county": "McLennan County", "lat": 31.5493, "lng": -97.1467, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "active", "company": "Infrakey", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "AI data center campus", "investment_million_usd": 10000, "megawatts": 925, "acreage": 520, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Ross area community residents", "Stop the Data Center on Taylor Lane (Facebook group)", "McLennan County residents", "Stop Waco Data Centers", "Stop the Waco Data Center", "Stop the Data Center on Taylor Lane" ], "opposition_website": "https://wacodatacenter.com/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/share/g/17cFKqY3q8/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-infrakey-data-center-from-building-in-lacy-lakeview", "petition_signatures": 3655, "summary": "Infrakey, a data center company formed in March 2025, proposed a $10B, 925 MW, 21-building data center campus on 520 acres west of Elm Mott in Lacy Lakeview (McLennan County, TX) — the largest industrial development in McLennan County history. Includes a dedicated 1.2 GW behind-the-meter natural gas power plant and reclaimed water cooling. Lacy Lakeview signed an MOU with Infrakey in June 2025. Project would generate $50M/year in tax revenue for the 7,000-resident town. As of early 2026 the project remains in 'planning' stage with a 4-5 year buildout. Concerns from neighboring small towns who say they 'knew nothing about it.'", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-infrakey-data-center-from-building-in-lacy-lakeview", "https://wacobridge.org/2025/11/21/talks-underway-for-10-billion-data-center-and-power-plant-north-of-waco/", "https://www.kxxv.com/news/local-news/in-your-neighborhood/neighbors-petition-against-proposed-10-billion-data-center-near-lacy-lakeview", "https://www.texastribune.org/2025/11/24/texas-waco-data-center-project/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/10bn-data-center-project-recieves-approval-in-lacy-lakeview-texas/", "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/02/13/texas-data-centers-local-governments-power/", "https://wacodatacenter.com/", "https://wacobridge.org/2025/12/10/tensions-high-lacy-lakeview-data-center-vote/", "https://wacobridge.org/2025/12/14/water-power-politics-three-challenges-for-the-10b-data-center-project/", "https://www.kwtx.com/2025/12/03/residents-oppose-proposed-10-billion-data-center-near-elm-mott/", "https://wacobridge.org/2025/12/05/lacy-lakeview-data-center-annexation/", "https://www.kxxv.com/news/local-news/in-your-neighborhood/we-dont-want-this-lacy-lakeview-approves-data-center-agreement-despite-neighbors-opposition", "https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2026/01/20/3221928/0/en/Infrakey-DC-Parks-Partners-with-City-of-Lacy-Lakeview-to-Launch-925MW-Data-Center-District-in-McLennan-County-Texas.html", "https://www.governing.com/infrastructure/texas-towns-push-back-on-data-center-expansion" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "opposition_facebook_members": 3600, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland", "grid_energy", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Petition to block Infrakey data center in McLennan County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "edgecombe-county-nc-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Edgecombe County", "state": "NC", "county": "Edgecombe County", "lat": 35.9271, "lng": -77.6228, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "active", "company": "Energy Storage Solutions", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Kingsboro Business Park", "investment_million_usd": 19000, "megawatts": 900, "acreage": 155, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 5000000, "jobs_promised": 1000, "opposition_groups": [ "Edgecombe Neighbors for Data Center Accountability", "NC Environmental Justice Network" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://sign.moveon.org/petitions/don-t-sell-edgecombe-county-to-big-tech-polluter-interests", "petition_signatures": 257, "summary": "Energy Storage Solutions (ESS) plans a $19.2B, 900 MW, 300-acre data center and energy storage campus at the Kingsboro Business Park, Tarboro, NC — part of ESS's ~$38B North Carolina footprint. Would use up to 5 million gallons/day while Edgecombe County faces severe drought conditions. Significant community opposition, including riverkeepers, NCEJN, and Sound Rivers. In a major political development, David Batts defeated 4-term incumbent Donald Boswell in the March 2026 Democratic primary, running primarily on opposition to the Kingsboro data center proposal — representing a significant political consequence for officials who support data center development.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/build-design/developer-forges-ahead-with-38b-in-nc-data-center-builds", "https://www.rockymounttelegram.com/news/local/county-oks-amending-ordinance-to-allow-for-a-data-center-at-kingsboro-business-park/article_64e09f70-9b18-48fd-84a9-a6ec6dae950e.html", "https://soundrivers.org/kingsboro-data-center-concerns-spark-big-turnout/", "https://www.wfae.org/energy-environment/2025-12-02/proposed-edgecombe-county-data-center-draws-criticism-during-county-meeting", "https://www.bpr.org/2025-11-25/opposition-mounts-to-proposed-large-data-center-in-edgecombe-county", "https://ncejn.org/updates-on-the-fight-against-data-centers-edgecombe-county/", "https://soundrivers.org/riverkeeper-attends-first-edgecombe-co-data-center-advisory-group-meeting/", "https://www.wunc.org/environment/2026-04-10/opposition-to-data-centers-is-catching-a-fire-across-north-carolina-spurring-political-challenges" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "investment_usd": 19000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Energy Storage Solutions data center over water in Edgecombe County", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [] }, { "id": "amarillo-tx-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Amarillo", "state": "TX", "county": "Potter County", "lat": 35.222, "lng": -101.8313, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation" ], "date": "2026-02-25", "status": "approved", "company": "Fermi America", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Matador / Trump Advanced Energy and Intelligence Campus", "investment_million_usd": 700, "megawatts": 6000, "acreage": 5236, "building_sq_ft": 18000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 5500000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Panhandle Taxpayers for Transparency", "Sierra Club Texas Chapter", "Amarillo Minority Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://actionnetwork.org/petitions/our-water-is-not-for-sale-protect-ogallalla-aquifer", "petition_signatures": 840, "summary": "Amarillo received TCEQ approval for a 6 GW air-quality permit — the second largest in the nation — as part of an 11 GW total target. An additional 5 GW permit was filed March 27, 2026 and is pending. Earlier reporting of 7.65 GW conflated this with the separate GW Ranch / Pacifico Pecos Co project.", "sources": [ "https://www.sierraclub.org/texas/blog/2025/12/project-matador-trump-ai-data-center-texas", "https://spectrumlocalnews.com/tx/austin/news/2025/11/21/fermi-data-center", "https://www.myhighplains.com/news/your-local-election-hq/amarillo-ai-data-center-project/fermi-america-pauses-construction-near-amarillo-while-waiting-for-tceq-permits/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/fermi-america-receives-first-natural-gas-turbines-for-up-to-11gw-data-center-campus-in-amarillo-texas/", "https://fermiamerica.com/", "https://abc7amarillo.com/news/local/amarillo-council-advances-ai-data-center-proposal-amid-water-concerns-fermi-america-city-hall-dr-ken-rainwater-toby-neugebauer-trent-sisemore-les-simpson", "https://mediajustice.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Amarillo-Fermi-Data-Center-Fact-Sheet.pdf", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/29012026/developer-calls-gw-ranch-in-pecos-county-texas-the-largest-power-project-in-u-s/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/pacifico-secures-765gw-air-permit-for-gw-ranch-project-in-west-texas/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 7650, "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "environmental", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Challenge Fermi America's 7.65 GW air permit for 93 gas-fired turbines near Amarillo", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified against the cited Amarillo Tribune source and two web searches. The stored investment_million_usd=700 is NOT supported by any source. The Amarillo Tribune \"Just Facts\" article (", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "decatur-township-indianapolis-in-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Decatur Township (Indianapolis)", "state": "IN", "county": "Marion County", "lat": 39.6979, "lng": -86.254, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-04-20", "status": "pending", "company": "Sabey Corp.", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 4000, "megawatts": 250, "acreage": 130, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Decatur Township Civic Council", "Decatur Township Civic League", "Protect Decatur Township" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/DecaturTownshipCivicCouncil", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 20, 2026, Decatur Township residents and the Decatur Township Civic Council filed a Marion County Superior Court petition for judicial review seeking to overturn the Indianapolis Metropolitan Development Commission's March 2026 approval of Seattle-based Sabey Corp.'s $4 billion, 130-acre, 250 MW data center near Kentucky Avenue and Camby Road. Plaintiffs argue Sabey used a 'disguised rezoning' via a use variance to bypass full City-County Council review. More than 1,400 residents signed a petition opposing the project; only 24 signed in support.", "sources": [ "https://www.wfyi.org/news/articles/decatur-township-data-center-mdc-vote", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/4bn-data-center-in-indianapolis-indiana-gets-go-ahead/", "https://mirrorindy.org/decatur-township-data-center-ai-technology-metropolitan-development-commission/", "https://www.indystar.com/story/news/local/2026/04/17/decatur-township-residents-file-judicial-review-sabey-data-center/", "https://www.wfyi.org/wfyi-news/2026-04-20/decatur-township-residents-sue-to-block-sabey-data-center", "https://www.ipm.org/news/2026-04-22/decatur-township-residents-sue-to-block-4b-data-center", "https://fox59.com/indiana-news/decatur-township-data-center-fight-continues-as-residents-file-for-judicial-review/", "https://www.ibj.com/articles/decatur-township-residents-sue-to-overturn-data-center-approval" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "noise", "traffic", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Rally against Sabey Data Centers data center in Decatur Township", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_facebook_members": 1700 }, { "id": "kenosha-wi-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Kenosha", "state": "WI", "county": "Kenosha County", "lat": 42.5847, "lng": -87.8212, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Microsoft", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 450, "acreage": 240, "building_sq_ft": 1000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Kenoshans Unite Against Microsoft Data Center" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-opening-of-the-microsoft-data-center-in-kenosha", "petition_signatures": 22919, "summary": "Microsoft purchased 240 acres in Kenosha County near I-94 and Route 142 in early 2025, with the data center scheduled to open in early 2026. The city signed an NDA with Microsoft in May 2024, keeping the project secret for six months. A resident's viral TikTok video triggered a wave of community opposition. Kenosha City Hall was standing-room only on Nov. 17 as residents packed Common Council chambers. Citizens called data centers 'parasites' and 'terrible neighbors.' A Change.org petition was created to stop the project. The project involves 450 MW capacity, $4B investment.", "sources": [ "https://milwaukeenns.org/2026/02/01/wisconsin-data-center-secrecy-deals-nda-nondisclosure-agreement/", "https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/01/wisconsin-data-center-secrecy-deals-nda-nondisclosure-agreement/", "https://mediamilwaukee.com/news/kenosha-citizens-data-centers-are-parasites-and-terrible-neighbors/", "https://www.tmj4.com/news/kenosha-county/what-we-do-matters-viral-video-sparks-kenosha-residents-concerns-over-microsofts-planned-data-center", "https://www.cnbc.com/2025/09/18/microsoft-wisconsin-data-center.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/microsoft-acquires-240-acres-in-kenosha-wisconsin-for-data-center-development/", "https://www.wpr.org/news/4-wisconsin-communities-signed-secrecy-deals-billion-dollar-data-centers", "https://shepherdexpress.com/news/features/the-struggle-against-hyperscale-data-centers-across-wisconsin/", "https://www.fox6now.com/news/microsoft-wisconsin-next-infrastructure-investment-announced", "https://www.wpr.org/news/new-data-center-kenosha-wisconsin-rapids", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-opening-of-the-microsoft-data-center-in-kenosha" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Petition to block Microsoft data center in Kenosha", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified and supported. The 450 MW figure for the Kenosha site (id kenosha-wi-2025-12-01, 240 acres near I-94/Route 142) is not corroborated by any working source I could reach. The prop", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "janesville-wi-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Janesville", "state": "WI", "county": "Rock County", "lat": 42.6828, "lng": -89.0187, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "active", "company": "Viridian Acquisitions LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 8000, "megawatts": 800, "acreage": 250, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 70400, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "SNOW (Stop Negligent Operations in Wisconsin)", "No Janesville Data Center", "Party for Socialism and Liberation (PSL)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/people/No-Janesville-Data-Center/61580624576545/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/no-janesville-data-center", "petition_signatures": 1976, "summary": "Janesville signed an NDA with Viridian Acquisitions LLC for a proposed $8B, 800 MW data center on 250 acres, sparking resident opposition. The group SNOW (Stop Needless Opposition Waste) determined the data center would not reliably improve quality of life. Protests were held in Janesville as part of statewide Wisconsin opposition to data centers. Community concerns center on secrecy deals and economic claims.", "sources": [ "https://www.gazettextra.com/news/local/data-center-secrecy-deals-janesville-other-wisconsin-communities-have-signed-ndas/article_2863f0f5-736e-4e9f-95bc-98913ce7d71a.html", "https://milwaukeenns.org/2026/02/01/wisconsin-data-center-secrecy-deals-nda-nondisclosure-agreement/", "https://www.change.org/p/no-janesville-data-center", "https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/01/27/janesville-leaders-delay-decision-on-data-center-petition", "https://news.ballotpedia.org/2026/02/12/janesville-wisconsin-voters-to-decide-nov-3-2026-initiative-requiring-approval-for-development-projects-exceeding-450-million-at-gm-jatco-site-such-as-proposed-data-center/", "https://shepherdexpress.com/news/features/the-struggle-against-hyperscale-data-centers-across-wisconsin/", "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2025/11/11/janesville-moves-forward-with-data-center-plans/", "https://www.gazettextra.com/news/local/transparency-is-not-just-a-checkbox-demonstrators-push-for-release-of-gm-jatco-data-center/article_c8e51e73-d546-40d8-a7dc-a68afe53ac78.html", "https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2025/11/21/janesville-residents-launch-petition-as-city-explores-data-center-plans" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "opposition_instagram_followers": null, "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Rally against Viridian Acquisitions data center in Janesville", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "beaver-dam-wi-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Beaver Dam", "state": "WI", "county": "Dodge County", "lat": 43.4578, "lng": -88.8371, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "active", "company": "Meta", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 220, "acreage": 520, "building_sq_ft": 700000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 0, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Beaver Dam Education on Data Center Group" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/24901633966193019", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Meta's $1B Beaver Dam data center campus (700,000+ sq ft, optimized for AI workloads) could use up to 220 MW of power, per newly unredacted portions of a proposed Alliant Energy service contract revealed March 2026. Will support ~1,000 construction jobs and 100+ operational jobs. The campus uses dry-cooling tech, eliminating operational water demand for cooling, and Meta committed to restoring 100% of consumed water to local watersheds. Initial data center expected online in 2027. Meta plans a Data Center Community Action Grants program launching fall 2026. Separately, a second smaller data center proposal from Oppidan (90,000 sq ft on 13 city-owned acres) is now also under consideration in Beaver Dam.", "sources": [ "https://www.alliantenergy.com/news/news-center/2025/11/111225-metabeaverdamannouncement", "https://datacenters.atmeta.com/2025/11/hello-beaver-dam/", "https://dailydodge.com/data-center-opponents-recruit-common-council-candidates/", "https://wedc.org/meta-state-and-local-officials-announce-1-billion-data-center-investment-in-beaver-dam-project/", "https://www.wkow.com/news/beaver-dam-city-council-hears-data-center-presentation-community-members-speak-in-opposition/article_f3708e90-225c-4bbc-bfbd-96796d936520.html", "https://dailydodge.com/meta-steps-forward-as-beaver-dam-ai-data-center-owner/", "https://www.wpr.org/news/lawsuit-expected-energy-demand-meta-data-center-beaver-dam", "https://dailydodge.com/meta-addresses-beaver-dam-ai-data-center-questions/", "https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/01/wisconsin-data-center-secrecy-deals-nda-nondisclosure-agreement/", "https://midwestadvocates.org/mea-files-lawsuit-to-challenge-secrecy-surrounding-energy-demands-of-metas-beaver-dam-data-center/", "https://www.tmj4.com/news/dodge-county/its-really-scary-beaver-dam-residents-raise-water-concerns-about-metas-ai-data-center", "https://milwaukeenns.org/2026/02/01/wisconsin-data-center-secrecy-deals-nda-nondisclosure-agreement/", "https://www.wisbusiness.com/2026/new-details-revealed-for-metas-beaver-dam-data-center/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 1500, "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 400, "investment_usd": 1000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Sue for environmental review of Meta project", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "megawatts revised from 400 to 220 per unredacted Alliant contract", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "sioux-falls-sd-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Sioux Falls", "state": "SD", "county": "Minnehaha County", "lat": 43.546, "lng": -96.7313, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Gemini Data Center SD LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1900, "megawatts": 500, "acreage": 164, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Let Sioux Falls Vote", "South Dakota for DC Transparency" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 5012, "summary": "Gemini Capital proposed a $1.9B, 500 MW hyperscale data center on 164 acres in eastern Sioux Falls. The City Council voted 7-0 on Jan. 6, 2026 to rezone the farmland for light industrial use, despite 200+ people attending in opposition with over 5 hours of mostly negative testimony. Opponents Samantha Scarlata and Amanda Kendall formed 'Let Sioux Falls Vote' and circulated referendum petitions, but fell short with 5,012 signatures submitted vs. the required 6,704 (5% of registered voters).", "sources": [ "https://www.siouxfallslive.com/news/sioux-falls/planned-data-center-sparks-outrage-in-downtown-sioux-falls", "https://dakotafreepress.com/2026/01/17/sioux-falls-loses-11-of-voters-in-one-year-anti-data-center-petitioners-need-1000-fewer-signatures-than-expected/", "https://dakotafreepress.com/2026/01/31/sioux-falls-data-center-referendum-petition-fails-january-chills-signature-collection/", "https://siouxfalls.business/hyperscale-data-center-gains-rezoning-vote-after-hours-of-opposing-testimony/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Force public referendum on Gemini Capital data center in Sioux Falls", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRM the flag. Independently verified all four cited sources: none states a $1.9B investment figure for the Gemini/Gemini Capital Sioux Falls project. (1) siouxfallslive 'planned-data-center-sparks", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "lawrence-county-oh-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Lawrence County", "state": "OH", "county": "Lawrence County", "lat": 38.5976, "lng": -82.5582, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "active", "company": "Strata Expanse", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Strata Expanse AI Center of Excellence", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 80, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 300, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop AI Data Centers in Lawrence County" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-ai-data-centers-in-lawrence-county-ohio", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-ai-data-centers-in-lawrence-county-ohio", "petition_signatures": 5570, "summary": "Houston-based Strata Expanse hosted a ribbon cutting for an AI data center in the Haverhill area at 1476 County Road 1A. A petition gathered 5,570 signatures voicing concerns about the project. The nearby city of Ironton passed a data center moratorium on first reading. Community members demand environmental and community impact assessments before construction proceeds. The project involves 80 MW capacity.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-ai-data-centers-in-lawrence-county-ohio", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/data-center-project-in-lawrence-county-ohio-sparks-calls-for-moratorium-in-neighboring-city/", "https://irontontribune.com/2025/12/25/jan-8-meeting-set-on-data-center/", "https://www.wowktv.com/news/ohio/lawrence-county-oh/lawrence-county-residents-unhappy-with-data-center-deal/", "https://www.wowktv.com/news/ohio/lawrence-county-oh/new-ai-and-data-center-coming-to-lawrence-county-ohio/", "https://wchstv.com/news/local/a-i-infrastructure-being-developed-in-lawrence-county-ohio" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 80, "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "environmental", "traffic" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Halt data centers in Lawrence County after Strata Expanse proposal", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently confirmed. jobs_promised=300 is unverifiable: five working sources (wchstv.com, herald-dispatch.com, wvgazettemail.com, sciotovalleyguardian.com, and the wowktv-sourced coverage) all des", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "newport-news-va-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Newport News", "state": "VA", "county": "Newport News (Independent City)", "lat": 37.0871, "lng": -76.473, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "City of Newport News (Economic Development Authority)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Potential Data Center near Fort Eustis", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 20, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Newport News Residents Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/raise-awareness-about-the-potential-data-center-in-our-city", "petition_signatures": 4487, "summary": "A resident created a petition after word spread about a potential data center near Fort Eustis, gathering 3,500+ signatures. Residents rallied against the proposal. However, city officials state there are no conversations, plans, or negotiations underway to bring a data center to Newport News. The petition demonstrates pre-emptive community opposition. The project involves the City of Newport News proposal, 20 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/raise-awareness-about-the-potential-data-center-in-our-city", "https://www.wavy.com/news/local-news/newport-news/talks-of-possible-data-center-in-newport-news-sparks-online-petition/", "https://www.wtkr.com/news/in-the-community/newport-news/no-proposal-for-newport-news-data-center-mayor-jones", "https://www.change.org/p/raise-awareness-about-the-potential-data-center-in-newport-news", "https://www.wtkr.com/news/in-the-community/newport-news/newport-news-residents-push-back-against-potential-data-center-near-fort-eustis", "https://www.pilotonline.com/2025/10/04/newport-news-data-center/", "https://www.pilotonline.com/2025/12/16/newport-news-data-center-pitch/", "https://www.newsbreak.com/news/4417784170538-newport-news-residents-push-back-against-potential-data-center-near-fort-eustis" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Petition to block City of Newport News data center in Newport News", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "moorestown-nj-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Moorestown", "state": "NJ", "lat": 39.969, "lng": -74.9488, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "cancelled", "date": "2025-10-31", "summary": "Moorestown Township Council opted out of data center development on a 25-acre vacant site (former Pulverizer Services / New Albany Business Park Redevelopment Area) along New Albany Road. The township issued a public RFQ/RFP in 2024 seeking a redeveloper, but Council members opted not to move forward with data center proposals. The township plans to re-engage in the RFQ/RFP process in 2026 to explore other uses serving the long-term interests of residents. A New Jersey Policy Perspective report titled 'Fool's Gold: The Hidden Costs of AI Data Centers for New Jersey' has bolstered statewide opposition arguments.", "sources": [ "https://southjersey.media/moorestown-news/redevelopment-in-town/", "https://pinelandsalliance.org/data-center-victories-local-actions-drive-regional-change/", "https://jerseyvindicator.org/2026/03/15/the-ai-data-center-boom-is-the-next-environmental-crisis-and-its-already-starting/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Moorestown residents" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "company": "New Urban", "acreage": 25, "county": "Burlington County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Deny New Urban data center on 25 acres in Moorestown", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "monroe-township-gloucester-dc-ban-nj-2026-03-25", "jurisdiction": "Monroe Township (Gloucester County)", "state": "NJ", "county": "Gloucester County", "lat": 39.6601, "lng": -75.0596, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-08", "status": "pending", "company": "Hexa Builders", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Hexa Builders Redevelopment Plan", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 95, "building_sq_ft": 1600000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 54795, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Pinelands Alliance" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Monroe Township (Gloucester County) introduced Ordinance O:20-2026 on April 8, 2026 to ban data centers from the Hexa Redevelopment Plan on Black Horse Pike. Final adoption vote scheduled for April 22, 2026. Follows January 8 planning board approval and continued community pushback. Trending toward a community win. UPDATE 2026-04-21: Final adoption vote on Ordinance O:20-2026 scheduled for April 22, 2026 (just past this reporting window).", "sources": [ "https://southjersey.media/williamstown-news/council-introduces-ordinance-banning-data-center-usage-from-redevelopment-plan/", "https://www.gadgetreview.com/local-democracy-vs-big-tech-monroe-township-moves-to-block-massive-ai-data-center" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland", "transparency", "water", "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Remove data centers from Hexa Builders Redevelopment Plan permitted uses in Monroe Township", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "breckinridge-county-ky-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Breckinridge County", "state": "KY", "county": "Breckinridge County", "lat": 37.774, "lng": -86.438, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-11-17", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Breckinridge County Fiscal Court passed an AI Data Center Moratorium ordinance in November 2025. Meanwhile, TeraWulf is advancing a $3-4B large-scale data center campus in nearby Hawesville (Hancock County) with access to 480 MW of grid-connected power. Fluor signed a Limited Notice to Proceed for preconstruction services in early 2026. Kentucky is seeing a wave of data center interest, with a GOP bill in 2026 seeking guardrails to ensure new data centers 'pay their own way.'", "sources": [ "https://breckinridgeky.com/ordinances/", "https://www.lpm.org/news/2025-12-09/the-ai-data-center-boom-is-coming-for-kentucky-what-will-lawmakers-do-about-it", "https://www.constructiondive.com/news/terawulf-fluor-data-center-preconstruction-kentucky-megaproject/815027/" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause data centers and solar in Breckinridge County pending regulations", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "TeraWulf data applied to this entry belonged to Hancock County, KY — company, investment, megawatts, and acreage cleared", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "tyrone-township-mi-2025-12-02", "jurisdiction": "Tyrone Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.668, "lng": -83.819, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2025-12-02", "summary": "Tyrone Township (Livingston County) enacted a 6-month moratorium on data center development on December 2, 2025. The township is located near Howell Township, where a major $1 billion Meta data center proposal generated significant community opposition. Opposition was led by Michiganders Against Data Centers. A petition gathered 11,077 signatures. Key concerns driving this action include zoning concerns. The outcome remains pending.", "sources": [ "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18937, "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county": "Livingston County", "county_lean": "R", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 6-month data centers moratorium in Tyrone Township", "community_outcome": "pending", "company": "Meta (nearby Howell Twp.)", "acreage": 1077, "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Meta attribution uncertain — cited WKAR and titletrack sources don't name Meta for Howell/Tyrone Township", "added": "2026-04-21" }, { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently confirmed. (1) Internal mismatch verified in site/data/fights.json: summary prose says \"A petition gathered 11,077 signatures\" while the petition_signatures field is 11109 — same entry, ", "added": "2026-06-21" } ] }, { "id": "baldwin-county-stockton-al-2025-12-02", "jurisdiction": "Baldwin County (Stockton)", "state": "AL", "county": "Baldwin County", "lat": 31.042, "lng": -87.828, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-12-02", "status": "active", "company": "Silicon Ranch", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 300, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 4500, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Friends of Tensaw River", "Stop Solar in Stockton" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Silicon Ranch plans 260MW Stockton I & II solar projects on ~2,000 acres (4,500-acre total parcel) in north Baldwin County, AL. Power would be purchased by Alabama Power and supplied to Meta's data center operations ~150 miles away in Montgomery. Alabama PSC approved Alabama Power's 25-year PPA with Silicon Ranch in December 2025. Construction set for 2027. Opposition by 'Stop Solar in Stockton' (2,000+ FB members) and 'Friends of Tensaw River.' State Sen. Greg Albritton filed two bills: one-year statewide moratorium on solar farm construction, and another giving county commissions regulation authority.", "sources": [ "https://www.wkrg.com/baldwin-county/people-care-about-these-wetlands-baldwin-county-residents-unite-against-massive-solar-farm-project/", "https://alabamareflector.com/2026/02/27/proposed-lower-alabama-solar-project-stuck-in-the-mud/", "https://mynbc15.com/news/local/metas-solar-farm-plans-face-opposition-in-baldwin-county", "https://www.fox10tv.com/2026/02/05/solar-farm-approved-north-baldwin-county-power-meta-data-center/", "https://www.lagniappemobile.com/news/baldwin_county/meta-linked-solar-fields-planned-on-stockton-tract/article_2e3d5c6f-e6a5-4817-a0c3-2c5b281eb1c5.html", "https://www.apr.org/news/2026-03-05/who-decides-where-a-baldwin-county-solar-farm-goes", "https://www.wkrg.com/baldwin-county/developer-of-massive-stockton-solar-farm-lays-out-plans-for-4500-acre-property/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-20", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook_members": 2000, "energy_mw": 260, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Meta data center in Baldwin County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "starke-county-in-2025-12-04", "jurisdiction": "Starke County", "state": "IN", "county": "Starke County", "lat": 41.285, "lng": -86.6486, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-12-04", "status": "passed", "company": "ABEI Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Starke County Data Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 300, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Action Coalition", "Starke County - No Data Center IN" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-the-construction-of-a-data-center-in-starke-county", "petition_signatures": 706, "summary": "Starke County Planning Commission unanimously advanced a one-year moratorium on hyperscale data centers exceeding 5,000 sq ft in December 2025, making it the fourth Indiana county to act. The County Commissioners subsequently voted unanimously to approve the 12-month moratorium. The moratorium was triggered by leaked emails revealing ABEI Energy's plans for a 400MW campus, with community opposition organized through a Change.org petition and packed public meetings.", "sources": [ "https://www.wndu.com/2025/12/05/starke-county-planning-commission-approves-one-year-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-the-construction-of-a-data-center-in-starke-county", "https://wkvi.com/2025/12/starke-county-plan-commission-unanimously-recommend-a-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://www.inkfreenews.com/2025/12/08/starke-county-considers-data-center-moratorium/", "https://wsbt.com/news/local/data-center-new-plans-email-leak-screenshots-abei-energy-meeting-community-discussion-planning-commission-board-starke-county-indiana", "https://www.inkfreenews.com/2025/11/13/starke-county-officials-to-discuss-proposed-data-center-project/", "https://wkvi.com/2025/11/starke-county-commissioners-discuss-data-centers-with-citizens/", "https://wsbt.com/news/local/starke-county-board-of-commissioners-approve-12-month-ban-on-data-center-projects" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Halt data centers in Starke County after ABEI Energy proposal", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "imperial-county-ca-2025-12-04", "jurisdiction": "Imperial County", "state": "CA", "county": "Imperial County", "lat": 32.835, "lng": -115.555, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-12-04", "status": "approved", "company": "Imperial Valley Computer Manufacturing LLC (IVCM)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Imperial Valley Data Center Campus", "investment_million_usd": 10000, "megawatts": 330, "acreage": 74, "building_sq_ft": 950000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 750000, "jobs_promised": 100, "opposition_groups": [ "NIMBY Imperial", "Valle Imperial Resiste" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_instagram": "@valleimperialresiste", "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-construction-of-the-data-center-at-aten-rd-and-clark-rd", "petition_signatures": 3418, "summary": "Imperial County Board of Supervisors voted 4-1 on April 7, 2026 to approve the lot merger for the $10B, ~950,000 sq ft, 330MW Imperial Valley Computer Manufacturing (IVCM; tenant unconfirmed) data center plus 330MW emergency backup generators and 862MWh energy storage system. Following the April 7 approval, attention shifted to the Imperial Irrigation District (IID), the valley's powerful public water and energy utility, which would have final say on water/energy contracts. As of April 16, 2026, IVCM still did not have contracts for water and energy. More than 100 attended an April 13 community meeting where organizers collected signatures for recall efforts against two county supervisors and a potential November ballot measure to ban data centers on county land. The facility could consume more electricity than all of Imperial County used in 2024 and need ~750,000 gallons of water per day. Note: no hyperscaler tenant is confirmed by any primary source — the developer (Sebastian Rucci) says it will lease to an unnamed 'hyperscaler,' and the 'Google' link is speculative reporting. Recall: a recall of Supervisor Peggy Price (District 3) was served April 21 but stalled on technicalities; proponents re-gathered the initial 60 signatures and now need 4,040 valid signatures — not yet qualified and likely to miss the November 2026 ballot. Ballot measure: the 'Imperial County Data Center Prohibition Act' was submitted to the Registrar April 2, but on April 30 five residents sued alleging it violates California's single-subject rule, which could halt its processing; qualification is unconfirmed. Two supervisors (Escobar, Hawk) were forced into November runoffs in the June 2 primary, with the data center vote a central issue. IID still has no water or energy contracts with IVCM.", "sources": [ "https://inewsource.org/2026/04/05/data-center-developer-imperial-county/", "https://www.kpbs.org/news/environment/2026/01/21/the-plan-to-build-a-massive-data-center-in-imperial-county-without-environmental-review", "https://www.kpbs.org/news/environment/2026/04/03/imperial-county-supervisors-to-hold-key-vote-on-controversial-data-center-project", "https://calexicochronicle.com/2026/03/28/no-data-center-chants-ring-out-at-imperial-county-board-meeting/", "https://calexicochronicle.com/2026/01/07/where-imperial-data-center-project-and-opposition-stands/", "https://www.sierraclub.org/san-gorgonio/box-springs/blog/2026/03/contesting-imperial-valley-data-center", "https://www.kpbs.org/news/environment/2026/04/07/imperial-county-supervisors-clear-path-for-massive-data-center-complex-amid-fierce-opposition", "https://www.kpbs.org/news/environment/2026/04/16/imperial-valley-utility-could-decide-fate-of-massive-data-center-following-key-vote", { "url": "https://calexicochronicle.com/2026/04/27/supervisor-peggy-price-recall-effort-third-times-a-charm/", "title": "Supervisor Peggy Price recall effort" }, { "url": "https://www.ivpressonline.com/news/imperial-county-lawsuit-challenges-data-center-prohibition-act-over-claims-of-voter-overreach/article_0524e7f6-f8f4-4be5-aa12-e7b04e6dab18.html", "title": "Lawsuit challenges Imperial County Data Center Prohibition Act" }, { "url": "https://inewsource.org/2026/06/04/imperial-county-data-center-moratorium-vote-supervisors-ceqa/", "title": "Imperial County data center moratorium vote and supervisor runoffs" } ], "data_source": "manual", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "opposition_instagram_followers": 6027, "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Legal challenge to Imperial Valley Computer data center in Imperial County", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "dekalb-il-2025-12-08", "jurisdiction": "DeKalb", "state": "IL", "county": "DeKalb County", "lat": 41.93, "lng": -88.75, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-08", "status": "approved", "company": "Endeavour Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Vector", "investment_million_usd": 800, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 560, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Project Vector (ad hoc)" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-the-construction-of-project-vector-in-dekalb-il", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-the-construction-of-project-vector-in-dekalb-il", "petition_signatures": 821, "summary": "Endeavour Energy's 560-acre, 3M sq ft, four-building data center campus south of Meta's facility. Standing-room-only public hearing; petition against the project circulated. Despite opposition, DeKalb City Council voted unanimously to approve Dec 8, 2025. Opposition was led by Stop Project Vector (ad hoc). A petition gathered 821 signatures. Key concerns driving this action include community impacts.", "sources": [ "https://www.shawlocal.com/daily-chronicle/2025/12/09/unanimous-yes-to-560-acre-dekalb-data-center/", "https://northernstar.info/130777/news/dozens-gather-to-voice-concerns-over-proposed-dekalb-data-center/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "investment_usd": 800000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Petition to block Endeavour Energy data center in DeKalb", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "green-charter-township-mi-2025-12-09", "jurisdiction": "Green Charter Township", "state": "MI", "county": "Kent County", "lat": 43.1989, "lng": -85.5261, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-12-09", "status": "active", "company": "Undisclosed", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers", "Economic Development Responsibility Alliance of Michigan" ], "opposition_website": "https://edraofmi.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18937, "summary": "Green Charter Township adopted a one-year moratorium on data center development on Dec. 9, 2025, citing concerns about water consumption, energy usage, and noise. The township was among the earliest of what became at least 27 Michigan communities to enact data center moratoria, part of a statewide backlash that escalated to bipartisan legislation (HB 5594-5596) proposing a statewide construction halt until April 2027.", "sources": [ "https://datacenterwatch.substack.com/p/briefing-12192025", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://grist.org/elections/a-michigan-town-hopes-to-stop-a-data-center-with-a-2026-ballot-initiative/", "https://bridgemi.com/michigan-environment-watch/at-least-19-michigan-towns-pause-data-centers-no-one-knows-if-itll-work/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/12/michigan-ai-data-center-protest/", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://edraofmi.org/about-edra-mi", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Halt data centers in Green Charter after Undisclosed proposal", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "st-joseph-county-in-2025-12-10", "jurisdiction": "St. Joseph County", "state": "IN", "county": "St. Joseph County", "lat": 41.6176, "lng": -86.2889, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-12-10", "status": "cancelled", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 12000, "megawatts": 2250, "acreage": 1057, "building_sq_ft": 3200000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 1000, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens for Responsible Economic Development (CRED)", "Citizens Action Coalition", "Citizens for Responsible Economic Development" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On December 10, 2025 the St. Joseph County Council voted 7-2 to deny a $12B data center from an undisclosed developer. Amazon has separate already-approved projects in the region (an earlier $11B+ project and a $15B Northern Indiana expansion) — those are NOT this denied project.", "sources": [ "https://wsbt.com/news/local/st-joseph-county-council-denies-rezoning-of-land-for-data-center-votes-7-2-marathon-meeting-hours-long-public-opinion-13-billion-dollar-project-amazon-new-carlisle-approval-process-plan-commission-st-joseph-county-indiana", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/st-joseph-county-leaders-approve-11bn-amazon-data-center-in-indiana/", "https://baxtel.com/data-center/amazon-new-carlisle-i-dc1", "https://www.abc57.com/news/local-groups-advocate-against-third-data-center-in-st-joseph-county", "https://www.wndu.com/2025/12/10/st-joseph-county-council-meets-vote-data-center-proposal-new-carlisle/", "https://www.citact.org/ai-data-centers", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/councilwoman-claims-family-was-swatted-as-planning-permission-denied-for-12bn-data-center-near-new-carlisle-indiana/", "https://nwitimes.com/news/local/article_508bddc3-c842-4e1e-82b4-5c88a5db44d3.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "investment_usd": 13000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Deny Amazon/AWS rezoning of 1200 acres of farmland", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Confirmed. The proposed flag (figure_unverified) for megawatts=2250, jobs_promised=1000, and building_sq_ft=3200000 is well-supported by primary sources. The govtech evidence URL explicitly attributes", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "palm-beach-county-fl-2025-12-10", "jurisdiction": "Palm Beach County", "state": "FL", "county": "Palm Beach County", "lat": 26.7056, "lng": -80.0364, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-07-15", "status": "pending", "company": "PBA Holdings / TPA Group", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Tango", "investment_million_usd": 10000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 202, "building_sq_ft": 3690000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Project Tango", "NO To Project Tango", "Palm Beach County Environmental Alliance", "Sierra Club Loxahatchee Group", "Florida Native Plant Society PBC Chapter", "Stop the Palm Beach DC Project Tango" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.notoprojecttango.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/say-no-to-the-construction-of-project-tango-ai-data-center-in-palm-beach-county", "petition_signatures": 10968, "summary": "Project Tango proposes the first hyperscale data center in Palm Beach County on 202 acres at the Central Park Commerce Center in Loxahatchee. The project has been scaled back to 1 million square feet from its original proposal. Palm Beach County commissioners voted 7-0 to postpone the zoning hearing to April 23, 2026 to allow for further environmental and traffic studies. Residents and environmental groups raised concerns about water usage, noise, and impacts to the Loxahatchee Slough. The project involves the PBA Holdings proposal, $10B investment.", "sources": [ "https://www.wlrn.org/government-politics/2025-12-10/project-tango-ai-data-center-palm-beach-county", "https://stetnews.org/2025/12/04/massive-data-storage-facility-on-fast-track/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/37-million-sq-ft-data-center-campus-gets-initial-ok-from-officials-in-florida/", "https://cbs12.com/news/local/palm-beach-county-moves-forward-with-massive-ai-data-center-despite-neighborhood-pushback-arden-warehouse-toxic-noise-power-plant-wellington-dec-5-2025", "https://www.change.org/p/say-no-to-the-construction-of-project-tango-ai-data-center-in-palm-beach-county", "https://www.wlrn.org/government-politics/2026-03-03/palm-beach-county-residents-only-want-one-answer-on-data-center-no", "https://stetnews.org/2025/12/11/neighborhood-outrage-knocks-data-center-off-fast-track/", "https://www.wlrn.org/development/2026-01-12/ai-data-center-palm-beach-county-desantis-trump", "https://floridaphoenix.com/2026/01/01/thirsty-ai-data-center-runs-into-florida-community-opposition-2/", "https://news.datacenterview.com/p/december-11-2025-pba-s-project-tango-approved", "https://www.wptv.com/news/palm-beach-county/arden-residents-rally-against-proposed-1-8-million-square-foot-ai-data-center-near-elementary-school" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "noise", "traffic", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Deny PBA Holdings / TPA Group data center on 202 acres in Palm Beach County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "hassayampa-ranch-tonopah-az-2025-12-10", "jurisdiction": "Tonopah (unincorporated Maricopa County)", "state": "AZ", "county": "Maricopa County", "lat": 33.4508, "lng": -112.7186, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-10", "status": "approved", "company": "AV Squared", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Hassayampa Ranch Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 25000, "megawatts": 1500, "acreage": 2000, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "White Tank Mountains Conservancy" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-the-major-cpa-seeking-to-remove-2-077-acres-of-hassayampa-ranch-for-industrial-use", "petition_signatures": 247, "summary": "AV Squared, backed by Chamath Palihapitiya, proposed a $25B, 1.5 GW AI data center campus on 2,000 acres near Tonopah, Arizona. The Maricopa County Board unanimously approved industrial rezoning in December 2025 despite ~200 public comments in opposition. The facility would use 3.6 billion gallons of water annually. Residents raised concerns about impacts to groundwater, traffic, and the rural desert landscape. The project involves 2,000 acres.", "sources": [ "https://fortune.com/2025/12/27/ai-data-centers-arizona-hassayampa-ranch/", "https://berryriddell.com/25b-data-center-planned-west-of-phoenix-wins-key-approval-from-county/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/arizona-land-consulting-buys-land-for-potential-15gw-data-center/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "bill_name": null, "bill_url": null, "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "environmental", "noise", "traffic", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Petition to block AV Squared data center in Tonopah", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified. The summary's \"3.6 billion gallons of water annually\" is NOT stated by any cited source. Fortune (working) gives no annual water figure and stresses exact consumption is not ye", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "city-of-chandler-az-2025-12-12", "jurisdiction": "City of Chandler", "state": "AZ", "county": "Maricopa County", "lat": 33.3062, "lng": -111.8413, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-12-12", "status": "defeated", "company": "Active Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 2500, "megawatts": 150, "acreage": 40, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Chandler Neighbors Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "City Council voted 7-0 on December 12, 2025 to reject Active Infrastructure's $2.5B, 150 MW AI data center proposal on 40 acres near Queen Creek and Dobson roads. The city received over 250 emails in opposition and only 10 in support. City planning staff said the proposal did not meet Chandler's vision for the South Price Road Corridor, which prioritizes knowledge-based industries. Former U.S. Sen. Kyrsten Sinema appeared before the planning commission to advocate for the project. Chandler was among the first municipalities to restrict data center development in 2016.", "sources": [ "https://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/news/chandler-city-council-unanimously-kills-sinema-backed-data-center-40628102/", "https://www.abc15.com/news/region-southeast-valley/chandler/chandler-data-center-to-get-key-zoning-vote-thursday", "https://www.azfamily.com/2025/12/12/chandler-unanimously-votes-against-proposed-ai-data-center/", "https://www.12news.com/article/news/local/valley/chandler-arizona-city-council-shoots-down-proposed-ai-data-center/75-7e385023-85da-4f7c-ad2f-91fd43c6c75f", "https://www.12news.com/article/news/local/valley/chandler-arizona-residents-rally-against-2-billion-dollar-data-center-city-council-vote-looms/75-fa2c6eed-fdb8-4001-9e5b-dddd72fb308e", "https://www.cnn.com/2025/12/10/politics/data-center-arizona-kyrsten-sinema-trump", "https://www.axios.com/local/phoenix/2025/12/16/chandler-rejects-sinema-ai-data-center", "https://www.azfamily.com/2025/12/12/chandler-unanimously-votes-against-proposed-ai-data-center/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Deny Active Infrastructure 150MW data center permit in City of Chandler", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "coweta-county-ga-2025-05-01", "jurisdiction": "Coweta County", "state": "GA", "county": "Coweta County", "lat": 33.3518, "lng": -84.7616, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-06-16", "status": "passed", "company": "Prologis / Atlas Development", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Sail", "investment_million_usd": 17000, "megawatts": 900, "acreage": 832, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 9000000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens for Rural Coweta", "Stop Project Sail", "STOP Project Sail Newnan Data Center" ], "opposition_website": "https://stopsail.com/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/stopsail", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-project-sail-in-coweta-county", "petition_signatures": 8000, "summary": "Coweta County's moratorium on data center applications expired December 17, 2025, and the Board adopted a data center ordinance on December 16. On April 10-11, 2026, Coweta County commissioners voted 3-2 to rezone 829 acres from Rural Conservation to Industrial for Prologis's $17B 'Project Sail' data center campus (nine buildings, two substations, 900MW). It took 15 months, a prolonged moratorium, and a zoning code revamp. Citizens for Rural Coweta collected 8,000+ petition signatures. Opposition may pursue legal action through attorney Robert Fricks. UPDATE 2026-05: Citizens for a Rural Coweta (attorney Robert Fricks; plaintiff incl. Steve Swope) filed a petition in Coweta County Superior Court on May 5, 2026 to void the ~829-acre rezoning. Opposition petition exceeds 8,000 signatures. [Update 2026-06-22: UPDATE to coweta-county-ga-2025-05-01. On June 16 the Coweta County Board of Commissioners approved a new 180-day data center moratorium (expiring Dec. 23, 2026, or upon ordinance adoption) to review the county's data center ordinance, after the contentious Prologis 'Project Sail' rezoning. Five existing proposed projects retain vested rights under state...]", "sources": [ "https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/10/22/wave-of-data-center-ordinances-sweep-through-ga-counties-how-strict-are-they", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/project-sail-data-center-newnan-atlanta-georgia/", "https://www.desmog.com/2025/08/18/arthur-edge-data-center-lobbyists-project-sail-sargent-coweta-county-georgia/", "https://stopsail.com/", "https://chattahoochee.org/publications/coweta-county-project-sail-data-center-faq/", "https://www.desmog.com/2025/09/10/prologis-project-sail-data-center-charm-offensive-coweta-county-georgia/", "https://www.desmog.com/2025/12/15/behind-closed-doors-georgia-county-rewrote-data-center-rules/", "https://www.times-herald.com/data_center/public-protests-split-vote-mark-approval-of-data-center-rules/article_324e192d-23e5-4d78-9894-00182e3a9d35.html", "https://www.times-herald.com/data_center/public-protests-split-vote-mark-approval-of-data-center-rules/article_324e192d-23e5-4d78-9894-00182e3a9d35.html", "https://thecitizen.com/2026/04/10/coweta-commissioners-approve-project-sail-data-center-in-3-2-vote/", "https://www.ajc.com/business/2026/04/coweta-votes-to-turn-this-800-acre-forest-into-17b-data-center-campus/", "https://www.desmog.com/2026/04/07/how-data-center-developers-staked-their-claim-in-rural-georgia/", { "url": "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-june-18-2026/", "title": "Data Centers: Daily Notes | June 18, 2026 - Strisker" } ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 4500, "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 900, "investment_usd": 17000000000, "water_gallons_per_day": 9000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "grid_energy", "noise", "transparency", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose 900MW Prologis data center on 832 acres in Coweta County", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "dekalb-county-ga-2024-07-01", "jurisdiction": "DeKalb County", "state": "GA", "county": "DeKalb County", "lat": 33.7712, "lng": -84.2263, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-06-09", "status": "passed", "company": "PCC-DeKalb LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Ellenwood Data Center Campus", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 95, "building_sq_ft": 1000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Renew DeKalb", "Party for Socialism and Liberation" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/no-data-centers-in-our-communities-georgia-fights-back", "petition_signatures": 750, "summary": "DeKalb County, Georgia Commission extended its data center moratorium until June 23, 2026 at the December 16, 2025 meeting due to community concerns about public health and environmental impacts. A public hearing on a proposed comprehensive data center ordinance is scheduled for May 12, 2026. The proposed ordinance would add data centers as a use in industrial areas, regulate location/design/architecture/noise/maintenance, and provide supplemental review standards. DeKalb is one of Georgia's largest jurisdictions to take this approach. Project proposals include the Ellenwood Data Center Campus. May 12, 2026: DeKalb County held a public hearing on a data center text amendment; the county extended its moratorium to June as residents raised health and cost concerns. [Update 2026-06-22: On June 9, 2026 the DeKalb County (GA) Board of Commissioners voted 5-2 (substitute motion by Commissioner LaDena Bolton) to extend its data center moratorium by 100 days through late September 2026 (reported variously as Sept 26 / Sept 30), rather than let the moratorium lapse on its prior June 23, 2026 expiration. The pause blocks...]", "sources": [ "https://www.cbsnews.com/atlanta/news/dekalb-leaders-extend-data-center-moratorium-to-june-as-residents-raise-health-cost-concerns/", "https://roughdraftatlanta.com/2025/12/16/dekalb-county-data-center-pause/", "https://www.decaturish.com/news/dekalb/dekalb-extends-data-center-moratorium-defers-regulations/article_1b2415a2-81c3-4c18-bd9b-ffa628e58635.html", "https://roughdraftatlanta.com/2026/01/28/data-center-regulation-dekalb-county/", "https://engagedekalb.dekalbcountyga.gov/data-center-text-amendment", { "url": "https://www.wsbtv.com/news/local/dekalb-county/dekalb-county-extends-data-center-moratorium-another-100-days/6OA6XSBIBBEYRLBZC7WZLPWHLY/", "title": "DeKalb County extends data center moratorium another 100 days (WSB-TV)" }, { "url": "https://www.fox5atlanta.com/news/data-center-moratorium-dekalb-county-blocks-new-tech-hubs-5-2-vote", "title": "Data center moratorium: DeKalb County blocks new tech hubs 5-2 vote (FOX 5 Atlanta)" }, { "url": "https://www.atlantanewsfirst.com/2026/06/09/dekalb-county-extends-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "DeKalb County extends data center moratorium (Atlanta News First)" } ], "data_source": "bryce", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "transparency", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 100-day data centers moratorium in DeKalb County (PCC-DeKalb)", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "lewiston-me-2025-12-16", "jurisdiction": "Lewiston", "state": "ME", "county": "Androscoggin County", "lat": 44.1004, "lng": -70.2148, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-12-16", "status": "cancelled", "company": "MillCompute", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Bates Mill No. 3 AI Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 300, "megawatts": 24, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": 85000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Lewiston residents", "Mainers Against Future AI Data Center in Lewiston", "Slingshot (New England environmental health and justice organization)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Lewiston City Council voted 7-0 on December 16, 2025 to reject a $300M AI data center proposed by MillCompute LLC and building owner Bill Johnson's Twin Cities LLC for the historic Bates Mill No. 3 building downtown. The proposal, made public on December 11, sparked rapid community mobilization — within days, all seven councilors received overwhelming complaints and voiced opposition before the public hearing. Residents cited concerns about the financial agreement, utility impacts, and placing a data center in Lewiston's historic downtown. The project involves 24 MW capacity, 2 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.mainepublic.org/business-and-economy/2025-12-17/lewiston-city-council-shoots-down-data-center-proposal", "https://www.centralmaine.com/2025/12/11/lewiston-mill-eyed-for-300-million-ai-data-center/", "https://www.mainepublic.org/business-and-economy/2025-12-12/lewiston-to-decide-on-a-i-data-center-for-bates-mill-property", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/tier-iii-ai-data-center-proposed-for-lewiston-bates-mill-in-maine/", "https://www.pressherald.com/2025/12/16/lewiston-votes-down-ai-data-center-project-after-public-outcry/", "https://mainemorningstar.com/2026/02/23/as-data-centers-look-to-rural-new-england-maine-considers-a-moratorium/", "https://themainemonitor.org/maine-treads-lightly-data-center-expansion/", "https://wgme.com/news/local/lewiston-city-council-to-discuss-fate-of-proposed-ai-data-center-project-maine" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Deny MillCompute 24MW data center permit in Lewiston", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "project was 85,000 sq ft inside Bates Mill, not a 2-acre site; acreage cleared", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "maryland-veto-override-md-2025-12-16", "jurisdiction": "Maryland (Veto Override - Impact Study)", "state": "MD", "county": null, "lat": 39.001, "lng": -76.642, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-12-16", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Maryland General Assembly overrode Governor Moore's veto (Senate 44-0, House 111-24), enacting a law requiring a comprehensive environmental and economic analysis of data center expansion. The report is due September 2026 and must examine the cumulative impact of data center growth on electricity generation needs, grid capacity, water resource demands, and greenhouse gas emissions.", "sources": [ "https://marylandmatters.org/2025/12/16/general-assembly-climate-veto-overrides/", "https://technical.ly/civics/maryland-data-center-impact-study-veto-override/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "HB 270 / SB 116 - Data Center Impact Analysis", "bill_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Legislation/Details/SB0116?ys=2025RS", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require data centers to report energy consumption in MD", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Karen Lewis Young (D-MD)", "Sen. Justin Ready (R-MD)" ] }, { "id": "gates-county-nc-2025-12-17", "jurisdiction": "Gates County", "state": "NC", "county": "Gates County", "lat": 36.4378, "lng": -76.697, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-12-17", "status": "passed", "company": "Undisclosed (inquiries from PACE land-use consultants)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Gates County residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Gates County passed a 12-month moratorium on data centers and cryptocurrency mining facilities after receiving two inquiries from PACE, a firm that prepares ordinances and land use regulations to promote data center development. County officials cited concerns about energy consumption, utility infrastructure strain, noise from cooling systems and backup generators, hazardous material storage, e-waste disposal, and land use compatibility in rural/agricultural districts. Gates County is one of at least four NC jurisdictions to approve moratoria (alongside Chatham County, Canton, and Brevard). NC has 19 proposed data centers across the state with four projects already withdrawn.", "sources": [ "https://www.gatescountyindex.com/news/data-center-moratorium-approved-f56883de", "https://www.gatescountyindex.com/news/is-a-data-center-in-gates-countys-future-c8f66c53", "https://www.bisnow.com/raleigh-durham/news/construction-development/north-carolina-towns-counties-consider-moratoriums-on-data-centers-133779", "https://ncnewsline.com/2026/03/16/apex-weighs-pause-on-data-centers-as-resistance-spreads-across-nc/", "https://www.northcarolinahealthnews.org/2026/03/25/nc-communities-push-back-ai-data-centers-project-delta-lawsuit/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Halt data centers and crypto mining in Gates County after Undisclosed proposal", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "waterville-township-oh-2025-12-17", "jurisdiction": "Waterville Township", "state": "OH", "county": "Wood County", "lat": 41.5009, "lng": -83.7136, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-12-17", "status": "active", "company": "Undisclosed (data center representatives approaching landowners)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition Against Data Centers in South Ohio" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/coalitionagainstdatacenters", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-from-being-built-in-maumee-monclova-waterville-whitehouse-areas", "petition_signatures": 1603, "summary": "Waterville Township trustees unanimously approved a 12-month moratorium on Dec. 17, 2025, citing concerns about electrical grid strain, water supply, and quality of life. The city of Waterville had passed its own 6-month moratorium nine days earlier. Both were prompted by data center interest spreading through northwest Ohio following Meta's Middleton Township project. Meta context is regional (nearby Middleton Township Meta project); Waterville developer undisclosed.", "sources": [ "https://toledofreepress.com/anthony-wayne-news-waterville-approves-6-month-moratorium/", "https://www.13abc.com/2026/02/19/northwest-ohio-communities-grapple-with-data-center-developments-possible-plans/", "https://toledofreepress.com/waterville-township-passes-12-month-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://www.statenews.org/section/the-ohio-newsroom/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-from-being-built-in-maumee-monclova-waterville-whitehouse-areas", "https://www.toledoblade.com/local/suburbs/2025/12/18/waterville-township-passes-12-month-moratorium-on-data-centers-becomes-region-s/stories/20251218106", "https://www.13abc.com/2025/11/18/waterville-township-leaders-clear-up-data-center-confusion/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 12-month data centers moratorium in Waterville Township (Undisclosed)", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Meta': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "lowell-township-mi-2025-12-18", "jurisdiction": "Lowell Township", "state": "MI", "county": "Kent County", "lat": 42.933, "lng": -85.3578, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-12-18", "status": "active", "company": "Microsoft", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 237, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Residents United for a Healthy Lowell" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/big-tech-wants-our-community-lowell-mi-and-great-lakes-allies-say-no", "petition_signatures": 3110, "summary": "Franklin Lowell LLC applied to rezone 235 acres at Covenant Business Park near Grand Rapids for a data center. A public hearing was abandoned when the venue couldn't hold the opposition turnout. The City of Lowell suspended participation over unresolved water/wastewater details, and the developer withdrew its application on Dec. 18. Later reporting revealed Microsoft had signed an NDA with the township supervisor and was the undisclosed end user. The project involves $1B investment, 237 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/developer-in-lowell-township-michigan-withdraws-data-center-application-following-opposition/", "https://www.change.org/p/big-tech-wants-our-community-lowell-mi-and-great-lakes-allies-say-no", "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/01/07/microsoft-behind-controversial-data-center-in-michigan-township.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/microsoft-plans-data-centers-in-dorr-and-lowell-townships-applies-for-property-rezoning-in-gaines-townships/", "https://eu.detroitnews.com/story/business/2026/01/08/microsoft-eyeing-property-near-grand-rapids-future-data-center/88086211007/", "https://eu.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/michigan/2026/02/08/data-center-details-shrouded-4-michigan-communities-sign-nondisclosure-pacts-agreements-ndas/88415227007/", "https://www.woodtv.com/news/kent-county/lowell-residents-ask-about-proposed-data-center-ahead-of-rezoning-vote/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Ban data centers in designated zones in Lowell Township", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "colleton-county-sc-2025-12-18", "jurisdiction": "Colleton County", "state": "SC", "county": "Colleton County", "lat": 32.8891, "lng": -80.6413, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-12-18", "status": "active", "company": "Eagle Rock Partners", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 6000, "megawatts": 1000, "acreage": 859, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 12000, "jobs_promised": 500, "opposition_groups": [ "Coastal Conservation League", "Southern Environmental Law Center", "ACE Basin area residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Eagle Rock Partners proposed an 859-acre, 1,000-megawatt, $6 billion data center on Cooks Hill Road near the ACE Basin. The project would cover timberland and 200 acres of wetlands. Plans include 500 permanent jobs (30% IT, 30% facilities, 30% security, 10% admin). Coastal Conservation League and SELC have objected to the project. Landowners filed a lawsuit against Colleton County over the data center ordinance. State legislators from Colleton County also object to the project. Seven state legislators (4 Republicans, 3 Democrats) from districts covering Colleton County officially came out against the project on February 5, 2026. Eagle Rock has still not filed an amended zoning application. Two lawsuits are pending. The project involves the EagleRock Partners proposal, 1 GW capacity.", "sources": [ "https://scdailygazette.com/2025/12/19/gigawatt-data-center-proposal-draws-opposition-from-sc-lowcountry-residents-politicians/", "https://scdailygazette.com/2025/12/23/who-will-pay-to-run-the-colleton-county-data-center/", "https://abcnews4.com/news/local/colleton-county-erupts-as-residents-clash-with-developers-over-controversial-data-center", "https://www.selc.org/press-release/landowners-sue-colleton-county-over-data-center-ordinance/", "https://scdailygazette.com/2026/02/05/sc-legislators-denounce-lowcountry-data-center-while-mulling-regulations-for-the-industry/", "https://www.live5news.com/2026/02/05/colleton-county-lawmakers-oppose-proposed-data-center-ace-basin/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Sue EagleRock Partners over wetland and habitat destruction", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "water_usage_gallons_per_day value of 12,000 is implausibly low for a 1 GW campus and is likely missing decimals or units; retained pending verification", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "south-bloomfield-oh-2025-12-19", "jurisdiction": "South Bloomfield", "state": "OH", "lat": 39.7184, "date": "2025-12-19", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "summary": "South Bloomfield Village Council adopted a 180-day moratorium on data center construction and a new zoning code that does not list data centers as a permitted use, effectively preemptively banning them. The village eliminated all areas of industrial zoning to avoid data center applications. While South Bloomfield itself hasn't been approached by developers, the action was prompted by watching backlash to EdgeConneX's proposed 680-acre, 18-building data center with on-site 200 MW gas plant in neighboring Ashville.", "sources": [ "https://www.sciotopost.com/south-bloomfield-ashville-move-to-block-data-centers-as-pickaway-county-opposition-grows/", "https://www.statenews.org/section/the-ohio-newsroom/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success", "https://www.sciotopost.com/south-bloomfield-ashville-move-to-block-data-centers-as-pickaway-county-opposition-grows/" ], "company": "EdgeConneX", "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Pickaway Alliance" ], "county": "Pickaway County", "lng": -82.9868, "county_lean": "R", "scope": "local", "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in South Bloomfield", "community_outcome": "pending", "acreage": 680 }, { "id": "louisiana-lpsc-lightning-amendment-la-2025-12-19", "jurisdiction": "Louisiana (LPSC Lightning Amendment)", "state": "LA", "county": null, "lat": 30.451, "lng": -91.187, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-12-17", "status": "passed", "company": "Multiple (utility rate class)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Louisiana's LPSC adopted the 'Lightning Amendment,' which shortens the review process for large-load electricity connections to 8 months. The amendment allows utilities to bypass least-cost power demonstration requirements, requires a 15-year electric service agreement, proof of 50% self-generation capacity, and payment of all interconnection costs. Critics argue the amendment was designed to fast-track data center connections at the expense of ratepayer protections.", "sources": [ "https://thelensnola.org/2026/02/18/louisiana-lightning-amendment-ai-data-centers-ratepayer-costs/", "https://lailluminator.com/2025/12/19/electricity-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "LPSC Lightning Amendment", "bill_url": "https://www.lpsc.louisiana.gov/docs/minutes/Dec_17_2025_Min.pdf", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Shield residential ratepayers from data center costs in LA", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "LPSC Commissioner Jean-Paul Coussan" ] }, { "id": "vineland-nj-2025-12-23", "jurisdiction": "Vineland", "state": "NJ", "lat": 39.4864, "lng": -75.026, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "approved", "date": "2025-12-23", "summary": "~100 people gathered to protest a 350 MW hyperscale AI data center under construction in Vineland, which will have roughly Empire State Building-sized footprint and nearly double the city's electrical capacity. Concerns include health impacts from emissions, water use from Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer, and property values. Funded by Nebius (Amsterdam-based AI infrastructure company), built by DataOne, supporting Microsoft AI tools.", "sources": [ "https://whyy.org/articles/data-center-artificial-intelligence-vineland-new-jersey/", "https://followsouthjersey.com/2026/03/10/how-a-data-center-tore-vinelands-public-and-government-apart/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Pinelands Alliance", "Sustain South Jersey", "Sierra Club (New Jersey Chapter)", "New Jersey Environmental Justice Alliance (NJEJA)" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "company": "Nebius / DataOne / Microsoft", "megawatts": 300, "building_sq_ft": 2400000, "jobs_promised": 200, "acreage": 109, "scope": "local", "county": "Cumberland County", "county_lean": "R", "bill_name": "Vineland Ordinance 2026-3 (PILOT Agreement)", "bill_url": "https://www.thevinelandvoice.com/news/vineland-residents-raise-concerns-over-300-megawatt-ai-data-center-project/article_a51ed7b1-249e-4897-8803-6c62d54e846f.html", "opposition_website": "https://pinelandsalliance.org/", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "contract_guarantees", "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency", "water", "air_quality", "property_values" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Cap data center water consumption in NJ", "community_outcome": "loss", "investment_million_usd": 17400, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "investment_million_usd of 17400 reflects the total Nebius-Microsoft contract value, not Vineland data center capital expenditure", "added": "2026-04-21" }, { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: the $17.4B investment figure appears to conflate a broader Microsoft cloud investment; not verified as the cost of this Vineland facility specifically.", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "frederick-county-md-2025-12-24", "jurisdiction": "Frederick County", "state": "MD", "county": "Frederick County", "lat": 39.4143, "lng": -77.4105, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-12-24", "status": "passed", "company": "TPG Real Estate Partners / Aligned Data Centers / Rowan Digital Infrastructure / Amazon (AWS)", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": "Critical Digital Infrastructure Overlay Zone", "investment_million_usd": 2200, "megawatts": 258, "acreage": 2100, "building_sq_ft": 777000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sugarloaf Alliance", "Maryland Data Center Reform Coalition (Nature Forward)", "Frederick County Data Center Referendum Committee", "Envision Frederick County" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.sugarloaf-alliance.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://fcdcreferendum.org/", "petition_signatures": 21029, "summary": "Frederick County Council voted 5-2 on December 23, 2025 to approve the Critical Digital Infrastructure Overlay Zone (CDI-OZ) map, designating approximately 2,615 acres north of Adamstown where data centers can be located. The ordinance limits data center development to no more than 1% of the county's total landmass and restricts it to areas with existing infrastructure. Community benefit listening sessions were planned for Frederick and Adamstown. The Data Center Review Board continues oversight.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/amazon-to-expand-virginia-cloud-region-into-maryland-develop-data-centers-in-tpgs-quantum-frederick-park/", "https://www.wusa9.com/article/news/local/maryland/frederick-county-council-faces-pressure-data-center-regulation-bill/65-eca839b8-7a5b-4268-a12f-cb46ab2c2ba5", "https://foxbaltimore.com/news/local/frederick-county-residents-push-referendum-data-center-zoning-plan-passes", "https://www.fredericknewspost.com/news/politics_and_government/levels_of_government/county/amazon-sought-to-invest-billions-bring-data-centers-to-frederick-county/article_fad23fd2-1cb5-5bd1-adb2-e20176011de6.html", "https://www.datacenterfrontier.com/featured/article/11428096/quantum-loophole-plans-2100-acre-data-center-campus-in-maryland", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/aligned-looks-to-develop-three-more-data-centers-at-quantum-frederick-park-in-maryland/", "https://www.wypr.org/wypr-news/2026-03-12/frederick-county-group-wants-voters-to-decide-data-center-limits", "https://www.wypr.org/wypr-news/2025-12-24/frederick-county-council-passes-map-for-data-center-development", "https://www.wypr.org/wypr-news/2025-12-24/frederick-county-council-passes-map-for-data-center-development" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "voters", "objective": "Create data center overlay zone in Frederick County", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "oshtemo-township-mi-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Oshtemo Township", "state": "MI", "county": "Kalamazoo County", "lat": 42.2475, "lng": -85.6803, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "active", "company": "Undisclosed", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18937, "summary": "Oshtemo Charter Township (Kalamazoo County) is formally considering a data center moratorium as of early 2026, joining Portage and at least 27 other Michigan communities with active moratoria or moratorium proposals. A township memo expresses concern over utility rates, water use, and environment. Township Supervisor Cheri Bell described it as a preemptive effort. The township board put a moratorium on battery energy storage systems (BESS) in November 2025, and Planning Director Jodi Stefforia has signaled BESS regulation will take priority over data center regulation. Illinois-based Franklin Partners has explored a 265-acre data center in nearby Pavilion Township, indicating regional developer interest.", "sources": [ "https://wwmt.com/news/local/oshtemo-charter-township-considers-data-center-moratorium-portage-ai-artificial-intelligence-debate-development-battery-energy-bess-west-michigan", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Halt battery energy storage systems in Oshtemo Township after Undisclosed proposal", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "van-buren-township-mi-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Van Buren Township", "state": "MI", "county": "Wayne County", "lat": 42.2228, "lng": -83.4788, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-06-17", "status": "approved", "company": "Panattoni", "hyperscaler": "Google", "project_name": "Project Cannoli", "investment_million_usd": 750, "megawatts": 1000, "acreage": 282, "building_sq_ft": 800000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 3600000, "jobs_promised": 51, "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-massive-data-center-in-van-buren-township-michigan", "petition_signatures": 1604, "summary": "Project Cannoli is a Google hyperscale data center campus proposed near I-94 and Haggerty Road in Van Buren Township (Wayne County), MI, requiring 1 GW of power. Google was confirmed as the company behind it in March 2026. Will use 2-3.6 million gallons/day of water purchased from the township. Van Buren Township Planning Commission voted 5-2 on Feb 11, 2026 to approve site plans; matter forwarded to Township Board of Trustees. Google committed to serving its operations with 2.7 GW of NEW resources (solar, advanced storage, demand flexibility) and explicitly said it will NOT power the facility with nuclear or natural gas. Google will put $10M into a fund for residential ratepayer relief: home weatherization, household energy efficiency, and energy workforce development. Google and DTE committed to a contested case hearing on the deal. [Update 2026-06-22: UPDATE to van-buren-township-mi-2026-01-01. On June 17 a public hearing was held on a state environmental permit for the hyperscale 'Project Cannoli' (Panattoni Development) — 282 acres, 5 buildings, 2-3.6M gallons water/day, ~1 GW power, with OpenAI and Oracle expected as tenants. Five spoke in person, 50+ joined virtually, raising flood-storage and...]", "sources": [ "https://eu.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/michigan/2026/03/17/google-weighs-joining-van-buren-township-data-center-project-dte-energy/89187228007/", "https://www.cbsnews.com/detroit/news/google-van-buren-township-data-center-plan/", "https://www.michiganpublic.org/transportation-infrastructure/2026-03-18/google-revealed-as-company-behind-hyperscale-data-center-project-cannoli", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/03/google-dte-data-center-van-buren/", "https://michiganadvance.com/2026/03/17/google-and-dte-announce-van-buren-township-data-center-agreement-commit-to-contested-case-hearing/", "https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/wayne-county/2026/02/28/van-buren-twp-approves-step-for-massive-data-center/88862741007/", { "url": "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-june-17-2026/", "title": "Data Centers: Daily Notes | June 17, 2026 - Strisker" } ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "water_gallons_per_day": 3600000, "energy_mw": 1000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "water", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Rally against Panattoni data center in Van Buren Township", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently confirmed. The investment_million_usd=750 ($750M) figure cannot be corroborated by any working source and appears contradicted by the record. Crain's Detroit reporting (via search) state", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "luther-ok-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Luther", "state": "OK", "county": "Oklahoma County", "lat": 35.6612, "lng": -97.1956, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-06-17", "status": "passed", "company": "Beltline Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 400, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens for Responsible Development", "Save Oklahoma Farms and Ranches" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Beltline Energy is eyeing a 400-acre parcel near an OG&E power plant for a data center, with discussions ongoing since mid-2025. As of early 2026, no formal application has been filed, though Luther's town attorney said in a monthly report she would be 'surprised' if Beltline submitted nothing in 2026. Residents have organized opposition over concerns about excess water usage and potential chemical pollution. The Beltline site is between North Triple X Road and North Luther Road. A separate Transource powerline between Piedmont and Luther (expected complete 2027) is unrelated, per the company. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://www.news9.com/data-centers-in-oklahoma/luther-oklahoma-board-approves-data-center-moratorium.] [Update 2026-06-22: Likely UPDATE to existing Luther, OK entry. On June 17 the Luther town council passed a data center moratorium through December 31, 2026 after intense resident turnout forced leaders to move the meeting outdoors and block off Main Street (a prior session was postponed because town hall could not fit the crowd; an earlier four-hour session featured former...]", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/data-center-proposal-in-luther-oklahoma-faces-opposition-prior-to-official-filing/", "https://www.okenergytoday.com/2026/01/luther-residents-rally-against-a-proposed-data-center/", "https://kfor.com/news/local/luther-community-hosts-meeting-on-power-line-project-and-proposed-data-center/", "https://lutherregister.news/2026/03/31/luther-has-more-going-on-than-data-centers/", "http://townoflutherok.com/data-center-status-update/", { "url": "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-june-18-2026/", "title": "Data Centers: Daily Notes | June 18, 2026 - Strisker" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "noise", "ratepayer", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Propose data centers moratorium after Beltline Energy proposal", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "alaska-statewide-ak-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Alaska (statewide)", "state": "AK", "county": "Anchorage Municipality", "lat": 61.2181, "lng": -149.9003, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "dead", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "HB 259 - Large Energy Use Facilities", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "The Alaska Center" ], "opposition_website": "https://akcenter.org/continuing-the-data-center-conversation-read-our-whitepaper/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/TheAKCenter", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": "https://www.twitter.com/AKCenter", "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Alaska HB 259 (introduced January 2026 by Rep. Donna Mears) would require large energy facilities (peak demand ≥20 MW) to enter community benefit agreements with the host municipality and pay for at least 80% of contracted power amount regardless of actual purchases (a take-or-pay structure mirroring the RPP). Companion bill SB 250 also pending. Anchorage Assembly preemptively adopted data center regulations in March 2026 and overrode a mayor's veto on a related partnership. A separate Mat-Su data center plan is in doubt after a mayor veto in March 2026. The bills are responses to growing AI-driven data center interest in Alaska. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: Alaska adjourned sine die May 20, 2026; HB 259 (stuck in House Energy) and SB 250 (never scheduled) both died.", "sources": [ "https://www.adn.com/alaska-news/anchorage/2026/03/27/anchorage-assembly-preemptively-adopts-data-center-regulations/", "https://alaskapublic.org/news/politics/2026-03-11/mat-su-data-center-plan-in-doubt-after-mayors-veto", "https://alaskapublic.org/news/environment/2026-03-19/assembly-overrides-veto-advances-data-center-related-partnership", "https://www.akleg.gov/basis/Bill/Text/34?Hsid=HB0259A", "https://akcenter.org/continuing-the-data-center-conversation-read-our-whitepaper/", "https://www.adn.com/alaska-news/anchorage/2026/03/04/data-centers-powering-the-ai-boom-demand-local-energy-anchorage-assembly-members-want-to-regulate-them/", { "url": "https://www.adn.com/politics/alaska-legislature/2026/05/21/alaska-legislature-adjourns-with-eye-toward-special-session/", "title": "Alaska Legislature adjourns" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 259", "bill_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/basis/Bill/Detail/34?Root=HB+259", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "contract_guarantees", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Mandate renewable energy for data center operations in AK", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Donna Mears (D-AK)" ], "opposition_facebook_members": 12171 }, { "id": "rhode-island-statewide-ri-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Rhode Island (statewide)", "state": "RI", "county": "Washington County", "lat": 41.824, "lng": -71.4128, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Economic Progress Institute" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/economicprogressri", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Multiple bills introduced in RI legislature. Rep. Brian Patrick Kennedy's bill would require data centers with 50+ MW demand to cover all electricity infrastructure costs. Three bills introduced in the General Assembly, though lawmakers still debating how to even define 'data center.' Tax incentive proposals also under debate.", "sources": [ "https://pbn.com/legislation-would-regulate-data-centers-in-r-i/", "https://pbn.com/kennedy-introduces-legislation-to-regulate-data-centers-in-r-i/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "H 7331", "bill_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/BillText26/HouseText26/H7331.pdf", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Mandate data center water usage disclosure in RI", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Brian Patrick Kennedy (D-RI)" ], "opposition_facebook_members": 2100 }, { "id": "limerick-township-linfield-pa-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Limerick Township (Linfield)", "state": "PA", "county": "Montgomery County", "lat": 40.2279, "lng": -75.5241, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Limerick Town Center LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Laurel", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 750, "acreage": 192, "building_sq_ft": 1400000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 1300000, "jobs_promised": 150, "opposition_groups": [ "Better Path Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-data-centers-in-linfield-and-limerick", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-data-centers-in-linfield-and-limerick", "petition_signatures": 2992, "summary": "The PA Game Commission approved the controversial land swap in a 6-3 vote in late January 2026, deeding 55 acres of State Game Lands 234 plus a 200-foot right-of-way to Limerick Town Center LLC. In exchange, the commission received 176 acres in Edgemont Township (Delaware County) and 377.2 acres in Bern Township (Berks County). The Limerick Board of Supervisors voted to send a letter voicing concerns about the swap. No formal data center application has been submitted yet, but one is widely expected. The project involves 750 MW capacity, 192 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-data-centers-in-linfield-and-limerick", "https://www.pottsmerc.com/2026/01/12/limerick-eyes-1-4-million-square-foot-data-center-proposal/", "https://patch.com/pennsylvania/limerick/amid-uproar-limerick-area-residents-state-approves-data-center-area-land-swap", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/14-million-sq-ft-data-center-campus-planned-outside-philadelphia-pennsylvania/", "https://www.inquirer.com/real-estate/commercial/limerick-land-deal-pennsylvania-game-commission-20260126.html", "https://6abc.com/post/limerick-board-supervisors-vote-send-letter-opposing-land-swap-proposed-data-center/18440961/", "https://www.wfmz.com/news/area/southeastern-pa/upper-montgomery-county/massive-new-ai-data-center-proposed-for-limerick-twp/article_27c4563f-3362-4fc1-bb0e-41951a55faf2.html", "https://6abc.com/post/proposed-data-center-limerick-pa-draws-questions-environmental-impact-cost/18397568/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Oppose Limerick Town Center data center in Limerick Township", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "conewago-township-york-county-pa-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Conewago Township (York County)", "state": "PA", "county": "York County", "lat": 40.0592, "lng": -76.7675, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "active", "company": "Elysian Partners", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Conewago Township AI Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 500, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 541, "building_sq_ft": 750000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "STOP Data Centers & Rezoning in Conewago Twp." ], "opposition_website": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-ai-data-centers-in-conewago-township", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-ai-data-centers-in-conewago-township-york-co", "petition_signatures": 944, "summary": "Residents of Conewago Township in York County, Pennsylvania object to plans by Elysian Partners to rezone agricultural and residential land for AI data centers. The petition argues the use is incompatible with the surrounding area and demands robust protections if projects move forward. The proposal remains in the early review phase with no formal approvals. The project involves $500M investment.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-ai-data-centers-in-conewago-township-york-co", "https://www.yorkdispatch.com/story/news/local/2026/01/26/york-county-pennsylvania-josh-shapiro-data-centers-donald-trump-ai/88365256007/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03032026/pennsylvania-data-center-resistance/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Block Elysian Partners rezoning of farmland in Conewago Township", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "mount-horeb-wi-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Mount Horeb", "state": "WI", "lat": 43.0083, "lng": -89.7382, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-01-01", "summary": "Residents of Mount Horeb have rallied against approval of data centers by local officials, making it one of several Wisconsin communities opposing data center development. Mount Horeb is named alongside Mount Pleasant, Beaver Dam, Port Washington, and Janesville among communities facing pushback. Democratic state lawmakers proposed a statewide data center moratorium in February 2026, but the bill faces an uphill battle. Microsoft is moving forward with 15 data centers at the former Foxconn site in Mount Pleasant, and Meta won a $1B Wisconsin data center deal — making Wisconsin a major battleground for the data center boom. . Mount Horeb is a small village near Madison; Microsoft's WI project is in Mount Pleasant (Racine County).)", "sources": [ "https://wisconsinexaminer.com/2026/02/12/democratic-lawmakers-propose-data-center-moratorium/", "https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/04/wisconsin-data-center-driftless-area-new-details-emerge-grant-county-cassville/", "https://isthmus.com/news/news/wisconsin-data-centers-become-political-litmus-test/", "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/01/26/microsoft-wins-approval-for-15-data-centers-at-wisconsin-foxconn-site.html" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Mount Horeb area residents" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county": "Dane County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "voters", "objective": "Rally against data center in Mount Horeb", "community_outcome": "pending", "company": "Microsoft", "hyperscaler": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Microsoft attribution confused with Mount PLEASANT WI (different town", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "city-of-taylor-mi-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "City of Taylor", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.24, "lng": -83.269, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-01-01", "summary": "Taylor enacted a 1-year data center moratorium in January 2026. Separately, Sens. Rosemary Bayer (D-West Bloomfield), Erika Geiss (D-Taylor), and Sue Shink (D-Northfield Twp.) introduced Senate Bills 761, 762, and 763 in December 2025: SB 761 (Bayer) would bar water withdrawals >2M gal/day for consumptive use, SB 762 (Shink) creates MPSC transparency standards on energy/water, and SB 763 (Geiss) bars passing DC infrastructure costs to residential water customers.", "sources": [ "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18792, "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county": "Wayne County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 1-year data centers moratorium in City of Taylor", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "dorr-township-mi-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Dorr Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.729, "lng": -85.726, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-01-01", "summary": "Dorr Township (Allegan County) enacted a moratorium on data center development while the planning commission develops an ordinance to regulate the facilities, expected to take about six months. Microsoft purchased nearly 272 acres of land off 144th Avenue near US 131 in 2024 for more than $48 million, with 128 acres planned for data center development. Microsoft terminated its NDA with Dorr Township in late February 2026. More than 50 residents attended a December 18 board meeting raising concerns about traffic, electricity, and water impacts. The project involves $750M investment.", "sources": [ "https://wwmt.com/news/local/microsoft-data-center-proposal-protest-processing-information-farm-life-community-dorr-township-allegan-county-west-michigan-infrastructure-development", "https://www.wzzm13.com/article/news/local/dorr-township-microsoft-data-center-push-back/69-5e4a1d67-c97d-42c5-8568-37ce6fe69485", "https://eu.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/michigan/2026/03/03/microsoft-terminates-nda-non-disclosure-confidentiality-michigan-data-centers/88949102007/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/microsoft-plans-data-centers-in-dorr-and-lowell-townships-applies-for-property-rezoning-in-gaines-townships/", "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/01/07/microsoft-behind-controversial-data-center-in-michigan-township.html", "https://wwmt.com/news/local/save-pure-michigan-dorr-township-residents-hold-meeting-to-stop-data-center-microsoft-allegan-county-ai-artificial-intelligence-western-michigan", "https://wilcoxnewspapers.com/data-center-opposition-continues-in-dorr-township/", "https://wwmt.com/news/local/dorr-township-ai-artificial-intelligence-data-center-environmental-water-noise-electricity-residents-protest-meeting-technology-west-michigan" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Dorr Township MI - We The People" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "company": "Microsoft", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "investment_million_usd": 750, "opposition_facebook_members": null, "acreage": 272, "scope": "local", "county": "Allegan County", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_website": "https://edraofmi.org/", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "traffic", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Halt data centers in Dorr Township after Microsoft proposal", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified and confirmed. The DB stores investment_million_usd=750 as a hard figure, but no source states $750M for the Dorr Township project. Primary sources (DCD, CNBC) returned HTTP 403", "added": "2026-06-21" } ] }, { "id": "caledonia-township-mi-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Caledonia Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.826, "lng": -85.524, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-01-01", "summary": "Caledonia Township (Kent County) implemented a 6-month moratorium on data center and data mining operations effective January 1, 2026, running through June. The moratorium follows inquiries from data center developers at 68th Street and Kraft Avenue. Microsoft's hyperscale data center proposal is in neighboring Gaines Township, not Caledonia. Part of a wave of at least 27 Michigan communities that enacted data center moratoria or restrictions.", "sources": [ "https://www.fox17online.com/news/local-news/kent/caledonia-township-puts-6-month-pause-on-data-center-development-to-review-industrial-standards", "https://www.wzzm13.com/article/news/local/caledonia-data-center-moratorium/69-6fe38f60-5ecf-4404-bfbc-7a5e1b377d7e", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18937, "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county": "Kent County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 6-month data centers moratorium in Caledonia Township", "community_outcome": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "acreage": null, "investment_million_usd": null }, { "id": "kansas-statewide-sb-400-ks-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Kansas (statewide)", "state": "KS", "county": null, "lat": 39.0473, "lng": -95.6752, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "dead", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SB 400", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Kansas SB 400 would require data centers to use closed-loop cooling systems (no water evaporation) and authorize municipalities, local district attorneys, and the state attorney general to sue for injunctions against violators. Introduced as part of the 2026 wave of state-level data center water/energy regulation legislation. Kansas is shifting focus from incentives (SB 98 passed in 2025 created a hyperscale sales tax exemption) to environmental regulation. The Kansas City Council changed zoning in January 2026 to make data centers harder to build, signaling local-level pushback complementing state legislation. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: SB 400 (closed-loop cooling / AG enforcement) died in committee when Kansas adjourned sine die April 11, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.kslegislature.gov/li/b2025_26/measures/sb400/", "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/3/3/state-data-center-water-usage-legislation-gains-momentum", "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/2/20/state-data-center-legislation-in-2026-tackles-energy-and-tax-issues", { "url": "https://johnsoncountypost.com/2026/04/16/kansas-new-laws-2026-legislative-session-284237/", "title": "Kansas 2026 session new laws recap" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 400", "bill_url": "https://www.kslegislature.gov/li/b2025_26/measures/sb400/", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "environmental", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Regulate data center development in Kansas", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Senate Committee on Utilities" ] }, { "id": "georgia-statewide-sb-34-ga-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Georgia (statewide)", "state": "GA", "county": null, "lat": 33.773, "lng": -84.364, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SB 34", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter", "Science for Georgia" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Georgia SB34 would have prohibited data center fuel generation and transmission costs from being included in residential electricity rates, requiring commercial data centers to cover all increased fuel, power, and transmission system upgrade costs. The bill emerged after the Public Service Commission authorized Georgia Power to expand production by nearly 10 GW — mostly for data centers — including new methane-burning facilities. The Senate avoided a final vote after a last-minute alternative measure based on House Bill 1063 appeared to have the votes to pass.", "sources": [ "https://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/69016", "https://georgiarecorder.com/2026/02/26/data-center-bill-stalls-after-last-minute-change-opposed-by-industry-finds-support/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-06", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 34", "bill_url": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/69016", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Bar data center fuel and transmission costs from residential rates", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Chuck Hufstetler (R-GA)" ] }, { "id": "maryland-statewide-sb-596-md-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Maryland (statewide)", "state": "MD", "county": null, "lat": 38.9864, "lng": -76.4842, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-04-15", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "HB 1532 / SB 596 — Utility RELIEF Act", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Governor Wes Moore signed HB 1532, the Utility RELIEF (Reducing Energy Load Inflation for Everyday Families) Act, into law on or about April 15, 2026, the day after the General Assembly passed it on the final day of session (April 13/14). The bill's data center provisions create a large-load registry program for grid management, require data centers to pay for transmission, distribution, interconnection, and new capacity costs (preventing cost-shifting to other ratepayers), and incentivize data centers to bring their own clean energy generation with battery backup (effective 2028). Top-tier projects receive 12-month expedited environmental permitting and priority interconnection. Critics including Food & Water Watch criticized provisions they characterized as pro-industry. The law saves Maryland families an estimated $150/year on energy bills.", "sources": [ "https://marylandmatters.org/2026/04/14/energy-bill-passage-utility-relief-act/", "https://governor.maryland.gov/news/press/pages/Governor-Moore,-Senate-President-Ferguson,-and-House-Speaker-Pe%C3%B1a-Melnyk-Announce-Agreement-to-Pass-Utility-RELIEF-Act.aspx", "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/04/13/fww-criticizes-final-version-of-pro-data-center-utility-relief-act/", "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Legislation/Details/HB1532?ys=2026RS", "https://marylandmatters.org/2026/04/20/battles-over-data-centers-intensify-in-the-state-house-and-communities/", "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/04/07/md-senate-passes-pro-data-center-provisions-in-utility-relief-bill/", "https://marylandmatters.org/2026/04/06/senate-passes-utility-relief-act-energy-bill/", "https://www.baltimoresun.com/2026/04/02/data-centers-ratepayer-costs-at-center-of-heated-maryland-senate-energy-debate/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 1532 / SB 596 — Utility RELIEF Act", "bill_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Legislation/Details/HB1532?ys=2026RS", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Incentivize data center demand response participation in MD", "community_outcome": "mixed", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Katie Fry Hester (D-MD)" ] }, { "id": "virginia-statewide-hb-897-va-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Virginia (statewide)", "state": "VA", "county": null, "lat": 37.5647, "lng": -77.412, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "HB 897", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition", "Piedmont Environmental Council" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.pecva.org/datacenters", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Virginia HB 897 requires data centers to use emission-free (non-diesel) backup generators and demonstrate commitment to clean energy to qualify for sales and use tax exemptions. The bill passed the House 61-34 and passed the full Senate, making Virginia one of the first states to condition data center tax incentives on environmental performance. Governor Spanberger signed HB 897 into law on April 9, 2026, alongside HB 284/SB 371 (voluntary demand flexibility programs for high-load customers using 25+ MW) and bills to aid low-income utility customers affected by data center energy demand.", "sources": [ "https://lis.virginia.gov/bill-details/20261/HB897", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/02/20/halfway-through-the-2026-legislative-session-theres-still-no-consensus-on-data-center-bills/", "https://www.wsls.com/news/local/2026/03/20/four-data-center-bills-await-governors-signature-as-southwest-virginia-projects-spark-debate/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/04/09/spanberger-signs-bills-to-aid-low-income-utility-customers-manage-power-demand/", "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/3/30/virginia-lawmakers-pass-15-data-center-bills-as-tax-exemption-fight-looms", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/18022026/virginia-data-center-tax-exemption/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/03/17/data-center-bills-dominated-this-years-general-assembly-heres-what-passed/", "https://www.pecva.org/region/regional-state-national-region/2026-data-center-reform-legislation/", "https://www.vpm.org/generalassembly/2026-02-22/virginia-budget-fy27-fy28-spanberger-lucas-torian-mcdougle-data-center-tax", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/02/24/senators-propose-phasing-out-data-center-tax-credit-house-budget-keeps-it/", "https://introl.com/blog/virginia-data-center-tax-exemption-battle-2026" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 897", "bill_url": "https://lis.virginia.gov/bill-details/20261/HB897", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Reform data center tax incentive requirements in VA", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Del. Rip Sullivan (D-Fairfax)" ], "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "Merged duplicate 'virginia-statewide-hb-961-va-2026-01-01' (misnumbered; actually HB 897) during validation.", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "oklahoma-statewide-hb-4424-ok-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Oklahoma (statewide)", "state": "OK", "county": null, "lat": 35.4756, "lng": -97.50840000000001, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "dead", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "HB 4424", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "HB 4424, filed by House Speaker Kyle Hilbert (R-Bristow), ends data center eligibility for Oklahoma's property tax exemption program — which covers facility property taxes for the first five years — for facilities not operational by January 1, 2027. Hilbert previously authored a 2021 law excluding new data centers from the exemption but now seeks to close loopholes for facilities that qualified before that cutoff. The bill is part of a broader push as Oklahoma residents push back against data center impacts on energy bills, water supplies, and noise. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: HB 4424 (end data center tax exemptions) stalled in House Appropriations & Budget and effectively died; only HB 2992 survived among OK data center bills.", "sources": [ "https://goodjobsfirst.org/data-center-moratorium-bills-are-spreading-in-2026/", "https://legiscan.com/OK/bill/HB4424/2026", "https://www.readfrontier.org/stories/from-limiting-tax-breaks-to-moratoriums-oklahoma-legislators-eye-new-rules-for-data-centers/", "https://www.okhouse.gov/posts/news-20260217_6", { "url": "https://www.okenergytoday.com/2026/04/data-center-bill-awaits-state-senate-vote/", "title": "OK data center bill awaits Senate vote" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 4424", "bill_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/BillInfo.aspx?Bill=HB4424&session=2600", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "noise", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Repeal data center tax exemptions in OK", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Speaker Kyle Hilbert (R-OK)" ] }, { "id": "shippingport-pa-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Shippingport", "state": "PA", "county": "Beaver County", "lat": 40.6264, "lng": -80.4264, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-01-28", "status": "approved", "company": "Aligned Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Phoenix", "investment_million_usd": 10000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 660, "building_sq_ft": 2000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Beaver County Community Group Against Data Centers", "Environmental Health Project", "Beaver County Marcellus Awareness Community (BCMAC)", "Better Path Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_facebook_members": 98, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Aligned Data Centers (acquired by BlackRock/GIP for $40B) received conditional use approval from Shippingport Borough Council in January 2026 for 'Project Phoenix,' a $10B data center campus on the 660-acre former Bruce Mansfield coal plant site. The project would include 3 buildings totaling 2M sq ft powered by a planned 3.6GW natural gas power station. Separately, Fezzik Energy is pursuing data centers on former J&L Steel sites in Midland and Aliquippa, and Vistra Corp signed a 20-year nuclear power deal with Meta from the nearby Beaver Valley Power Station. Previously listed 3,600 MW figure is unverified and has been removed.", "sources": [ "https://www.post-gazette.com/business/tech-news/2026/02/08/beaver-valley-data-centers-shippingport-aligned/stories/202602080033", "https://community.triblive.com/news/3990268", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03032026/pennsylvania-data-center-resistance/", "https://www.alleghenyfront.org/pennsylvania-grassroots-resistance-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Contest Aligned Data Centers approval at former nuclear plant site", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "chattanooga-hamilton-county-tn-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Chattanooga (Hamilton County)", "state": "TN", "county": "Hamilton County", "lat": 35.046, "lng": -85.31, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "resolved", "company": "Urban Story Ventures", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Jailhouse Studios", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 2, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Chattanooga Residents Against Jailhouse Data Center (ad hoc)" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.change.org/p/demand-public-input-opportunity-for-new-data-center-venture-in-downtown-chattanooga", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/demand-public-input-opportunity-for-new-data-center-venture-in-downtown-chattanooga", "petition_signatures": 1141, "summary": "Urban Story Ventures proposed converting the old Hamilton County jail in Chattanooga, Tennessee into 'Jailhouse Studios' with an AI data center component. Over 1,100 residents signed a petition asking for public input. Despite the opposition, the Hamilton County Commission approved the Jailhouse Studios lease at the downtown building on March 18, 2026. The project involves 2 acres.", "sources": [ "https://newschannel9.com/news/local/residents-rally-against-proposed-ai-data-center-inside-old-hamilton-county-jail", "https://www.timesfreepress.com/news/2026/feb/07/hamilton-county-residents-artists-concerned-about/", "https://www.timesfreepress.com/news/2026/mar/18/hamilton-county-commission-approves-jailhouse/", "https://www.timesfreepress.com/news/2026/mar/11/hamilton-county-officials-draw-up-lease-for/", "https://www.wdef.com/residents-petition-against-proposed-data-center-in-jailhouse-studios/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-20", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Petition to block Urban Story Ventures data center in Chattanooga", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "washington-sb-6231-wa-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Washington (SB 6231)", "state": "WA", "county": null, "lat": 47.037, "lng": -122.901, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Washington State SB 6231 repeals the retail sales and use tax exemption for refurbishment of existing computer data centers. The law makes purchases of replacement server equipment ineligible for exemption. It preserves tax benefits for new data centers in rural counties where the economic incentive is more needed. The repeal is part of a broader push to rein in data center tax breaks.", "sources": [ "https://www.opb.org/article/2026/03/07/data-center-tax-zapped-washington-legislature/", "https://www.geekwire.com/2026/big-tech-dodged-washington-states-data-center-rules-but-didnt-escape-a-sales-tax-bill/", "https://washingtonstatestandard.com/2026/03/07/data-center-tax-break-close-to-getting-zapped-by-wa-legislature/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "SB 6231 - Data Center Tax Exemption Repeal", "bill_url": "https://legiscan.com/WA/bill/SB6231/2025", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Repeal data center tax exemptions via SB 6231", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Noel Frame (D-WA)", "Sen. Bob Hasegawa (D-WA)" ], "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "prime sponsor corrected to Sen. Noel Frame (prior 'Frame' was incorrect)", "added": "2026-04-21" }, { "type": "other", "note": "prime sponsor corrected to Sen. Noel Frame (prior 'Macri' was incorrect)", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "maryland-hb-560-md-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Maryland (HB 560)", "state": "MD", "county": null, "lat": 39.001, "lng": -76.642, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "died", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Maryland HB 560 (Del. Palakovich Karr, D - Ways & Means) would repeal the existing exemption from sales/use tax and property tax for personal property used at qualified data centers in Maryland. Part of a 2026 wave of state-level legislation rethinking data center tax incentives — over 300 state data center bills have been filed across 30+ states in just six weeks of the 2026 session. Maryland separately overrode a Moore veto to mandate a comprehensive data center impact study (due Sept 2026), reflecting growing legislative skepticism of data center subsidies as energy costs rise. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: HB 560 (repeal data center tax exemptions) never advanced past its Feb 12 Ways & Means hearing; MD adjourned sine die Apr 13, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://stateline.org/2026/02/24/data-center-tax-breaks-are-on-the-chopping-block-in-some-states/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/legislation-introduced-to-end-data-center-tax-breaks-in-maryland-and-arizona/", { "url": "https://afro.com/maryland-general-assembly-2026-wrap/", "title": "Maryland General Assembly 2026 wrap-up" } ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "HB 560 - Data Center Tax Exemptions Repeal", "bill_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Legislation/Details/hb0560?ys=2026RS", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Repeal data center tax exemptions in MD", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Del. Lorig Charkoudian (D-MD)" ] }, { "id": "virginia-sb-619-va-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Virginia (SB 619 / HB 155)", "state": "VA", "county": null, "lat": 37.54, "lng": -77.436, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Piedmont Environmental Council", "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.pecva.org/region/regional-state-national-region/2026-data-center-reform-legislation/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Virginia SB 619 / HB 155 requires a State Corporation Commission certificate before data centers over 90 MW can operate. The SCC issues a certificate only if the facility has no material adverse effect on other customers' rates, reliability, or the utility's ability to meet Virginia Clean Economy Act goals. This represents one of the strongest state-level data center permitting requirements in the country.", "sources": [ "https://www.vpm.org/generalassembly/2026-03-06/va-srinivasan-thomas-sb619-hb155-data-centers-review-heuf", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/03/06/general-assembly-nixes-bills-that-required-data-centers-to-get-scc-certificate/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-09", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "SB 619 - High-Load Facility SCC Certificate", "bill_url": "https://lis.virginia.gov/bill-details/20261/SB619", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Prevent data center cost pass-through to residential rates in VA", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Kannan Srinivasan (D-VA)" ] }, { "id": "laramie-county-wy-2026-01-06", "jurisdiction": "Laramie County", "state": "WY", "county": "Laramie County", "lat": 41.1399, "lng": -104.8202, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-06", "status": "approved", "company": "Crusoe / Tallgrass", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Jade / Switchgrass Industrial Park", "investment_million_usd": 50000, "megawatts": 2700, "acreage": 1375, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Hyndman Homesites Homeowners Association" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Laramie County commissioners unanimously approved Project Jade, a 2.7GW data center campus (scalable to 10GW) south of Cheyenne on 1,375 acres. The $50B project by Crusoe Energy and Tallgrass Energy Partners could become the largest US data center. The Hyndman Homesites Homeowners Association wrote a letter detailing concerns about deep wells contaminating the aquifer, increased traffic and noise, light pollution, gas turbine emissions, noxious odors, and wastewater pond locations. Resident Thomas White voiced opposition about noise, light pollution, traffic, and potential water contamination from deep well drilling. The project includes 2.7GW of new natural gas-fired generation. The project involves 1,375 acres.", "sources": [ "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/14012026/wyoming-county-approves-ai-data-center/", "https://cowboystatedaily.com/2026/01/08/huge-cheyenne-data-center-grows-to-2-7-gigawatts-nearly-triple-state-power-use/", "https://www.wyomingpublicmedia.org/wyoming-economy/2026-01-14/laramie-county-commission-unanimously-approves-massive-ai-data-center", "https://www.powermag.com/wyoming-approves-data-center-campus-that-includes-2-7-gw-of-new-natural-gas-fired-generation/", "https://wyofile.com/laramie-county-approves-construction-of-what-could-become-the-largest-data-center-in-us/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "traffic", "water", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Crusoe / Tallgrass data center over water in Laramie County", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'OpenAI': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "toronto-sd-2026-01-06", "jurisdiction": "Toronto", "state": "SD", "county": "Deuel County", "lat": 44.5746, "lng": -96.6342, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-01-06", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Applied Digital", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 16000, "megawatts": 430, "acreage": 200, "building_sq_ft": 1814000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Residents for Rural and Agricultural Land (RURAL)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Applied Digital confirmed its proposed $5B, 430MW data center campus near Toronto, SD is 'unlikely to go forward' after the legislature rejected tax incentives. The CEO stated without a sales tax exemption, South Dakota is not competitive. Applied Digital may revisit after 2026 elections. Previously, the project had drawn community concern in the town of ~200 people.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/applied-digital-says-data-center-near-toronto-south-dakota-unlikely-to-go-forward/", "https://southdakotasearchlight.com/2026/04/02/one-data-center-project-unchanged-while-another-doesnt-make-sense-after-rejected-incentives/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Rally against Applied Digital data center in Toronto", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'CoreWeave': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" }, { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRM. Independently corroborated via multiple working primary sources (mykxlg.com, SDPB, DCD search snippet) that the $16B figure is the TOTAL ECONOMIC IMPACT high-end of a $10-16B range, NOT direc", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "wood-county-bowling-green-area-oh-2026-01-06", "jurisdiction": "Wood County (Bowling Green area)", "state": "OH", "county": "Wood County", "lat": 41.38, "lng": -83.65, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-01-06", "status": "active", "company": "Meta", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": "Apollo", "investment_million_usd": 800, "megawatts": 350, "acreage": 280, "building_sq_ft": 715000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 50000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Wood County Residents Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Meta revealed plans for an $800M, 715,000 sq ft data center on 280 acres in Middleton Township. 7 of Wood County's 19 townships have adopted temporary moratoriums, with 8 more discussing it. Residents also pushed back against fast-tracked approval of a 350 MW 'Apollo' gas plant to power the facility.", "sources": [ "https://bgindependentmedia.org/meta-data-center-how-it-went-from-economic-development-coup-to-project-local-residents-rue/", "https://bgindependentmedia.org/temporary-moratoriums-on-data-centers-7-townships-in-wood-county-have-adopted-8-have-discussed/", "https://www.toledoblade.com/local/suburbs/2026/01/06/wood-county-data-centers-residents-angry-planning-ohio/stories/20260106103", "https://bgindependentmedia.org/power-plant-for-meta-data-center-in-wood-county-fast-tracked-approved-with-no-public-hearings/", "https://signalohio.org/ohio-data-center-boom-faces-political-resistence/", "https://bgindependentmedia.org/tempers-flare-as-citizens-seek-moratorium-on-any-more-data-centers-in-wood-county/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-15", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 350, "investment_usd": 800000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Halt data centers in Wood County after Meta proposal", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "vermont-statewide-vt-2026-01-15", "jurisdiction": "Vermont (statewide)", "state": "VT", "county": "Washington County", "lat": 44.2601, "lng": -72.5754, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-06", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "S.205 Moratorium", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "S.205 would impose moratorium on AI data centers (facilities requiring 100+ MW) through July 1, 2030. Public Utility Commission would study impacts and recommend regulatory framework by January 2027. Faces some opposition from economic development interests. Some concern about potential conflict with December 2025 Trump executive order prohibiting states from regulating AI. Remains in Senate Finance Committee.", "sources": [ "https://legislature.vermont.gov/bill/status/2026/S.205", "https://www.vermontpublic.org/show/vermont-edition/2026-03-04/vermont-looks-to-study-and-possibly-block-data-centers" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "S.205", "bill_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/bill/status/2026/S.205", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Enact statewide moratorium on crypto mining in VT", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Becca White (D-VT)" ] }, { "id": "northville-mi-2026-01-06", "jurisdiction": "Northville", "state": "MI", "county": "Wayne County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 42.4311, "lng": -83.4833, "date": "2026-01-06", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "summary": "The Northville City Council unanimously approved a 12-month preemptive moratorium on data centers on January 6, 2026, halting any data center applications. Unlike other communities, Northville acted preemptively despite having no current applications. State Sen. Rosemary Bayer hosted a Northville town hall with AG Dana Nessel and environmental leaders to address growing concerns about data center proposals across SE Michigan. Nessel vowed to pursue transparency and protect ratepayers; Bayer is crafting protective legislation. Northville is one of at least 27 Michigan communities with active moratoria as of early 2026.", "opposition_groups": [ "Economic Development Responsibility Alliance of Michigan (EDRA of MI)" ], "sources": [ "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/01/data-center-moratorium-northville/", "https://www.wxyz.com/news/data-centers/northville-city-council-unanimously-approves-12-month-data-center-moratorium", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", { "url": "https://edraofmi.org/", "title": "" } ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 12-month data centers moratorium in Northville", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "Merged duplicate entry 'city-of-northville-mi-2026-01-06' into this entry during validation (sources combined).", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "henry-county-ga-2026-01-06", "jurisdiction": "Henry County", "state": "GA", "county": "Henry County", "lat": 33.452, "lng": -84.1474, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-01-06", "status": "active", "company": "Hampton Technology Park", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 603, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Opposed to Data Centers in Henry County", "Conserve Henry County" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/conservehenry/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/citizens-opposed-to-data-centers-in-henry-county-ga", "petition_signatures": 1710, "summary": "Henry County began drafting strict data center regulations following interest from developers including Hampton Technology Park. Proposed rules include 200-foot buffers, 1,000-foot residential setbacks, noise limits of 55/45 dBA day/night, a ban on open evaporative cooling, and 30% tree canopy requirements. Commissioners put the regulations on hold pending further community input and legal review. The project involves 603 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.atlantanewsfirst.com/2026/01/06/henry-county-commissioners-look-put-guardrails-any-future-data-centers/", "https://www.fox5atlanta.com/news/henry-county-weighs-new-rules-data-centers-after-public-hearing", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/another-data-center-campus-is-being-planned-outside-atlanta-georgia-hampton-technology-park-owner-llc-has-filed-a-developments-of-regional-impact-dri-application-with-the-georgia-department-of-community-affairs-for-a-new-campus-in-the-city-of-hampto/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "scope": "local", "bill_name": null, "bill_url": null, "county_lean": "D", "water_gallons_per_day": null, "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "environmental", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Ban data centers in designated zones in Henry County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "springfield-township-mi-2026-01-07", "jurisdiction": "Springfield Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.746, "lng": -83.48, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-01-07", "summary": "Springfield Township (Oakland County) Board of Trustees approved a 180-day moratorium on data center plans on January 7, 2026, three days after planners with consulting firm Giffels Webster told the planning commission that Microsoft scouts were looking at large parcels in Springfield, Independence, and White Lake townships. Part of a wave of 27+ Michigan communities enacting data center restrictions. The project involves 84 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/oakland-county/2026/01/07/springfield-twp-passes-temporary-data-center-moratorium/88049214007/", "https://www.govtech.com/artificial-intelligence/michigan-township-passes-temporary-data-center-moratorium", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/01/data-center-moratorium-northville/", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18792, "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "acreage": 84, "building_sq_ft": 500000, "county": "Oakland County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in Springfield Township", "community_outcome": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "investment_million_usd": null }, { "id": "federal-cotton-data-act-2026-01-08", "jurisdiction": "Federal (Cotton DATA Act)", "state": "DC", "county": null, "lat": 38.907, "lng": -77.037, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-08", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Senator Tom Cotton (R-Ark.) introduced the DATA Act of 2026 on January 8, 2026, to exempt data centers and their power suppliers from federal energy regulations if they are fully isolated from the grid. The bill creates a new regulatory category — consumer-regulated electric utilities (CREUs) — for fully off-grid power systems serving data centers. CREUs would be exempt from FERC rate regulation, reliability standards, interconnection queue processes, and transmission planning requirements. Critics warn this would let data centers bypass grid oversight while still impacting nearby communities. Companion bills include Sen. Durbin's Data Center Water and Energy Disclosure Act (March 26, 2026) and a bipartisan Hawley/Warren letter to the EIA demanding mandatory reporting. Most analysts expect transparency/disclosure bills to pass before the more controversial Cotton bill.", "sources": [ "https://www.cotton.senate.gov/news/press-releases/cotton-introduces-bill-to-lower-energy-costs-for-arkansans", "https://www.utilitydive.com/news/senate-bill-exempts-fully-isolated-large-loads-from-ferc-doe-regulation/809330/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/us-senator-proposes-bill-permitting-ai-data-centers-to-bypass-federal-power-rules-via-off-grid-energy-infrastructure-development/", "https://www.meritalk.com/articles/sen-cotton-pushes-off-grid-power-plan-for-ai-data-centers/", "https://reason.com/2026/01/12/data-centers-use-lots-of-electricity-this-bill-would-let-them-go-off-the-grid/", "https://foleyhoag.com/news-and-insights/blogs/energy-and-climate-counsel/2026/march/the-data-act-of-2026-and-the-future-of-data-center-development/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "federal", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "S. 3585 - DATA Act of 2026", "bill_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/3585", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Exempt self-powered data centers from FERC rate regulation", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Tom Cotton (R-AR)" ] }, { "id": "ironton-oh-2026-01-09", "jurisdiction": "Ironton", "state": "OH", "lat": 38.5368, "date": "2026-01-09", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "summary": "Strata Expanse (Houston), RAVEL, and Supermicro held a ribbon-cutting in December 2025 for an AI Center of Excellence and data center at 1476 County Road 1A in Lawrence County's Haverhill area, just off U.S. 52 — the first of a 30-day national rollout of Strata Expanse's 'Land-to-Hand AI' data center concept. The facility is uniquely powered by green hydrogen and is designed for AI workloads, cryptocurrency, and AI training (with community members helping train models). Lawrence County leaders met to discuss the project, and Vertiv announced a $49M facility expansion in Ironton (operational Q2 2027) to support cooling demand. Promises 520 new jobs combined.", "sources": [ "https://irontontribune.com/2026/01/14/council-questions-ledc-director-on-ai-data-center/", "https://wchstv.com/news/local/a-i-infrastructure-being-developed-in-lawrence-county-ohio", "https://irontontribune.com/2025/12/25/jan-8-meeting-set-on-data-center/", "https://www.wowktv.com/news/ohio/lawrence-county-oh/lawrence-county-leaders-to-discuss-new-ai-data-center/", "https://www.sciotopost.com/ai-data-center-boom-vertiv-announces-49m-infrastructure-expansion-in-ironton/", "https://www.herald-dispatch.com/business/data-ai-demand-to-spark-520-new-jobs-in-ohio/article_7eec6885-2e09-4e21-a233-38ff26b9b712.html" ], "company": "Strata Expanse", "opposition_groups": [ "Lawrence County residents" ], "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-ai-data-centers-in-lawrence-county-ohio", "petition_signatures": 5574, "project_name": "AI Center of Excellence", "county": "Lawrence County", "lng": -82.6829, "county_lean": "R", "scope": "local", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Halt data centers in Ironton after Strata Expanse proposal", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "nevada-greenlink-west-nv-2025-05-01", "jurisdiction": "Nevada (Greenlink West)", "state": "NV", "county": "Washoe County", "lat": 39.5296, "lng": -119.8138, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-01-12", "status": "active", "company": "NV Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Greenlink West Transmission Line", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Friends of Nevada Wilderness", "Basin and Range Watch" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.basinandrangewatch2.org/transmission-projects/greenlink-west", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/friendsofnvwild/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "NV Energy's Greenlink West, a 350-mile, $4.2B+ transmission line from Las Vegas to Yerington, would carry up to 4,000 MW of clean energy. As of February 2026, towers have been erected by giant cranes along US 95 north of Las Vegas, and the Sagebrush Substation is under construction in Amargosa Valley. Construction on Segment 2 was expected to begin February 2026 but was delayed due to military overflight needs near the Nevada Test and Training Range — the Department of War is requiring FAA-compliant tower lighting and lighted marker balls. NV Energy is asking large wholesale electric customers like data centers to help pay for construction costs. NV Energy has promised Google, Switch, Novva, and other companies up to 4,000 MW for an AI/cloud data center complex larger than the city of Detroit.", "sources": [ "https://nevadacurrent.com/2026/01/12/data-centers-greenlink-and-your-electricity-bill/", "https://www.basinandrangewatch2.org/transmission-projects/greenlink-west", "https://thenevadaindependent.com/article/massive-4-2b-nv-energy-transmission-line-gets-federal-ok", "https://www.rtoinsider.com/87009-blm-oks-nv-energy-greenlink-west-line/", "https://www.silverstatechronicle.com/article/801,greenlink-north-transmission-project-updates" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Legal challenge to NV Energy data center in Nevada", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "city-of-saline-mi-2026-01-12", "jurisdiction": "Saline Township", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.1667, "lng": -83.7816, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-01-12", "status": "active", "company": "Related Digital / Oracle", "hyperscaler": "OpenAI", "project_name": "The Barn (Stargate)", "investment_million_usd": 16000, "megawatts": 1400, "acreage": 575, "building_sq_ft": 1650000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Michigan", "Michigan Environmental Council", "NRDC", "Citizens Utility Board of Michigan", "EDRA of MI" ], "opposition_website": "https://edraofmi.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Michigan Public Service Commission voted 3-0 in December 2025 to conditionally approve DTE Energy's 19-year, 1.4 GW power supply agreement for the Stargate data center campus in Saline Township — Michigan's first hyperscale data center. Developed by OpenAI, Oracle, and Related Digital on a 575-acre site south of Ann Arbor, the project has scaled to a $16 billion investment with Blackstone confirmed as the primary financier. As of April 25, 2026, Michigan Public reported major construction is well underway and financing is secured. On April 20, 2026, OpenAI and Oracle signed a project labor agreement with North America's Building Trades Unions (NABTU) at NABTU's Legislative Conference, making Saline the first Stargate site under the OpenAI-NABTU MOU. DTE will supply 100% of power using existing resources plus a new battery storage investment financed entirely by the project, with take-or-pay terms requiring 80% minimum billing demand to protect ratepayers. Project promises 450 permanent jobs and millions annually in taxes. Community opposition continues over the lack of public hearing, climate impacts, and grid strain. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'loss' per https://broadbandbreakfast.com/michigan-township-opposition-fails-to-stop-openai-data-center-project/.]", "sources": [ "https://themanchestermirror.com/2026/01/05/regulators-approve-dte-contracts-for-saline-township-data-center/", "https://bridgemi.com/michigan-environment-watch/michigan-regulators-approve-contract-for-michigans-first-hyperscale-data-center/", "https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/artificial-intelligence/openais-stargate-data-center-gets-approval-to-receive-1-4-gigawatts-of-power-in-michigan-some-residents-furious-as-energy-company-is-given-go-ahead-by-regulatory-body-without-hearing-opposition", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/01/dte-agrees-saline-data-center-conditions/", "https://www.related-digital.com/news/openai-oracle-and-related-digital-announce-stargate-data-center-site-in-michigan", "https://www.wxyz.com/news/data-centers/michigan-public-service-commission-approves-dte-contract-for-saline-township-data-center-project", "https://www.michiganpublic.org/economy/2026-04-25/saline-township-data-center-major-construction-underway-financing-secured", "https://www.edtechinnovationhub.com/news/openai-and-oracle-commit-to-union-built-stargate-data-center-in-michigan", "https://www.michigan.gov/mpsc/commission/news-releases/2025/12/18/mpsc-approves-dte-electric-energy-contracts-for-data-center", "https://michiganadvance.com/2025/12/18/public-service-commission-approves-dte-data-center-contracts-with-strings-attached/", "https://eu.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/michigan/2025/12/18/mpsc-approves-dte-saline-township-data-center-contracts-conditions/87813803007/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/12/dte-data-center-contracts-approved/", "https://cubofmichigan.org/blog/mpsc-grants-expedited-approval-for-dte-contracts-with-hyperscale-data-center/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "grid_energy", "zoning", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Halt data centers in City of Saline after Related Digital proposal", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "stokes-county-nc-2026-01-12", "jurisdiction": "Stokes County", "state": "NC", "county": "Stokes County", "lat": 36.401, "lng": -80.234, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "lawsuit", "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2026-01-12", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Engineered Land Solutions", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Delta", "investment_million_usd": 10000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 1800, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 100000, "jobs_promised": 500, "opposition_groups": [ "Clean Water for North Carolina", "Stokes County Historical Society", "No Data Centers in Stokes County", "Occaneechi Band of the Saponi Nation", "Southern Coalition for Social Justice", "Southern Environmental Law Center", "Stokes County NAACP", "Walnut Cove residents", "National Hairston Clan", "CleanAIRE NC", "Dan River Basin Association", "7 Directions of Service" ], "opposition_website": "https://cwfnc.org/stokes/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://actionnetwork.org/petitions/no-data-center-in-stokes-county/", "petition_signatures": 3934, "summary": "Stokes County Board of Commissioners approved (3-2 vote) in January 2026 the rezoning of approximately 1,845 acres of residential-agricultural land along the Dan River for heavy industrial use, paving the way for the Project Delta hyperscale data center complex. On March 13, 2026, the Southern Coalition for Social Justice and Southern Environmental Law Center filed suit in Stokes County Superior Court on behalf of community/environmental nonprofits (National Hairston Clan, CleanAIRE NC, Dan River Basin Association, 7 Directions of Service) and over a dozen residents, alleging the county violated state law by overriding the planning board's recommendation and approving the rezoning before a data center operator was identified. Developer Engineered Land Solutions responded on March 16. Clean Water for North Carolina is hosting a community meeting on April 16. Monthly virtual meetings continue. In mid-April 2026, the Stokes County Board of Commissioners voted to VOID the Project Delta rezoning following the Southern Environmental Law Center / Southern Coalition for Social Justice lawsuit, effectively cancelling the approval. Developer Engineered Land Solutions has indicated it plans to resubmit the application. Community groups are treating the vote as a major victory.", "sources": [ "https://ncnewsline.com/2026/03/13/community-groups-sue-over-planned-data-center-in-stokes-county/", "https://www.northcarolinahealthnews.org/2026/03/25/nc-communities-push-back-ai-data-centers-project-delta-lawsuit/", "https://www.selc.org/press-release/community-groups-residents-file-lawsuit-over-stokes-county-data-center-rezoning/", "https://southerncoalition.org/community-groups-residents-file-lawsuit-over-stokes-county-data-center-rezoning/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/19032026/north-carolina-county-data-center-rezoning-lawsuit/", "https://cwfnc.org/stokes/", "https://www.theassemblync.com/news/environment/data-center-rezoning-stokes-county/", "https://www.wunc.org/2026-03-16/developer-responds-to-lawsuit-challenging-stokes-data-center", "https://www.africanelements.org/news/why-walnut-cove-is-suing-to-stop-project-delta-ai-centers/", "https://www.wsoctv.com/news/local/nc-neighbors-suing-protect-farmland-rezoning-data-center/4FMVUKUJ7VBAJBV46OBDT75SYU/", "https://journalnow.com/news/local/government-politics/article_e3217294-5ef8-4039-881e-8e2fb1818e16.html", "https://journalnow.com/news/local/business/development/article_ecd6167b-aac8-4828-81e1-3d50a447416d.html", "https://www.wunc.org/2026-03-05/data-center-approval-looms-over-stokes-county-primary-results", "https://nclcv.org/cib03162026-data-centers-tipping-point/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 300, "investment_usd": 10000000000, "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland", "water", "zoning", "noise" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Ban data centers in designated zones in Stokes County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "roswell-ga-2026-01-12", "jurisdiction": "Roswell", "state": "GA", "lat": 34.0232, "lng": -84.3616, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2026-01-12", "summary": "Roswell City Council approved a 90-day emergency moratorium on new data centers (through April 12) as one of its first acts under a new mayor and three new council members. The Community Development Department will use the pause to create zoning and land use standards related to data centers, utility usage, and environmental issues. Roswell joins Atlanta, DeKalb County, Troup County, Social Circle, LaGrange, and Coweta County in the growing list of metro Atlanta area data center moratoriums. The project involves 10 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.wabe.org/roswell-enacts-moratorium-on-new-data-centers/", "https://www.fox5atlanta.com/news/roswell-approves-temporary-moratorium-new-data-centers", "https://www.wsbtv.com/news/local/fulton-county/roswell-city-council-passes-data-center-moratorium/T7ADKHVC65GP7B336YFAHDXXCU/", "https://www.atlantanewsfirst.com/2026/01/13/city-roswells-new-leaders-approve-moratorium-data-centers/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Roswell residents" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "scope": "local", "county": "Fulton County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 90-day data centers moratorium in Roswell", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "california-ab-1577-ca-2026-01-12", "jurisdiction": "California (AB 1577)", "state": "CA", "county": null, "lat": 38.576, "lng": -121.494, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-12", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "AB 1577 Data Center Moratorium Bill", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "California AB 1577 (Asm. Bauer-Kahan), as of March 2026 amended and re-referred to the Committee on Utilities and Energy, would require the California Energy Commission to establish a process for data center owners to submit monthly information including location, size, power usage effectiveness, water usage effectiveness, total water consumption, and fuel consumed by onsite generators. After Big Tech blocked stricter California data center rules in 2025 (leaving only a 2027 study requirement), AB 1577's reporting framework is the lone surviving regulatory bill of its kind. Locally, Monterey Park enacted a temporary moratorium and voters will consider a permanent ban in June 2026.", "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/CA/text/AB1577/id/3306901", "https://calmatters.org/environment/2025/12/data-center-energy-study-california/" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "AB 1577 - Data Center Monthly Reporting", "bill_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1577", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require data center energy and water reports in CA", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Asm. Rebecca Bauer-Kahan (D-CA)" ] }, { "id": "village-of-greenleaf-wi-2026-01-13", "jurisdiction": "Village of Greenleaf", "state": "WI", "county": "Brown County", "lat": 44.2975, "lng": -88.0737, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2026-01-13", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Cloverleaf Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 600, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop the Greenleaf Data Center", "Moms Clean Air Force", "Clean Wisconsin", "Izaak Walton League (Brown County Chapter)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Houston-based Cloverleaf Infrastructure offered $120,000 per acre for approximately 600 acres to build the first AI data center in northeast Wisconsin, directly across from Ledgestone Vineyards. Nearly 100 residents attended a 'Stop the Data Center' meeting, launching petitions and appeals. Cloverleaf withdrew on Jan. 13, 2026 after speaking with village officials, citing lack of local support.", "sources": [ "https://www.wearegreenbay.com/news/local-news/because-of-community-opposition-village-of-greenleaf-no-longer-considered-for-data-center-project/", "https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/01/13/data-center-withdraws-plans-to-build-in-brown-county-following-community-pushback-greenleaf-", "https://fox11online.com/news/local/company-discontinues-possible-ai-data-center-project-in-greenleaf-after-community-backlash", "https://www.thecooldown.com/green-business/greenleaf-wisconsin-residents-oppose-data-center/", "https://www.wearegreenbay.com/news/local-news/houston-based-real-estate-developer-responds-to-data-center-proposal-concerns-in-northeast-wisconsin/", "https://www.cleanwisconsin.org/take-a-stand-against-unchecked-data-center-development/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": "Legal challenge to Cloverleaf Infrastructure data center in Village of Greenleaf", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "city-of-madison-wi-2026-01-13", "jurisdiction": "City of Madison", "state": "WI", "county": "Dane County", "lat": 43.0731, "lng": -89.4012, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-01-13", "status": "passed", "company": "QTS Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "No Data Center in DeForest" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.nodatacenterdeforest.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "City of Madison, WI adopted a data center moratorium on January 13, 2026. This was a policy-driven, preventative action — not tied specifically to the QTS/DeForest proposal. QTS figures ($12B / 1,080 MW / 1,600 ac) previously attached to this entry have been removed.", "sources": [ "https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/02/01/madison-passes-temporary-data-center-moratorium", "https://isthmus.com/news/news/madison-moves-to-enact-one-year-moratorium-on-data-center-construction/", "https://captimes.com/news/government/madison-punts-on-joining-data-center-boom-passes-one-year-moratorium/article_d632970a-af9a-45ea-aa5a-9668d3040006.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/qts-drops-plan-for-data-center-near-madison-wisconsin-amid-opposition-from-local-officials/", "https://dailyreporter.com/2025/11/07/qts-12b-deforest-data-center-development/", "https://constructionreviewonline.com/qts-data-centers-announces-its-plans-for-12-billion-data-center-project-in-deforest-wisconsin/", "https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/01/deforest-wisconsin-data-center-project-village-board-government/", "https://www.weau.com/2026/01/14/madison-pauses-data-center-approvals-one-year/", "https://dailyreporter.com/2026/01/29/deforest-cancels-qts-data-center/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 1600, "investment_usd": 12000000000, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Halt data centers in City of Madison after QTS Data Centers proposal", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "birmingham-al-2026-01-13", "jurisdiction": "Birmingham", "state": "AL", "county": "Jefferson County", "lat": 33.5207, "lng": -86.8025, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-03", "status": "passed", "company": "Nebius", "hyperscaler": "Nebius", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 4500, "megawatts": 300, "acreage": 80, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 100, "opposition_groups": [ "GASP (Greater Birmingham Alliance to Stop Pollution)", "Alabama Rivers Alliance", "People's Justice Council", "Southern Environmental Law Center", "Black Warrior Riverkeeper", "Center for Biological Diversity", "Energy Alabama", "GASP (Greater-Birmingham Alliance to Stop Pollution)" ], "opposition_website": "https://gaspgroup.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/alabama.rivers", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://alabamarivers.org/bcc/", "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Birmingham City Council unanimously approved a 270-day moratorium on applications for new or expanding hyperscale data centers on March 3, 2026. Facilities under 20 megawatts are exempt. Two existing projects (Nebius Oxmoor AI Factory at 300MW and one other) that filed before the vote are exempt. The moratorium gives the city time to develop comprehensive zoning and land use regulations for large-scale data center facilities. Nebius submitted its building permit on Jan. 29, weeks before the vote, and is not affected. The project involves 80 acres. (Jan 13, 2026 was the proposal/public-hearing date; the 270-day moratorium vote was March 3, 2026.)", "sources": [ "https://www.birminghamal.gov/news/city-birmingham-proposes-temporary-pause-new-data-center-applications", "https://birminghamwatch.org/2026/01/13/birmingham-leaders-weigh-180-day-moratorium-on-data-centers-amid-power-and-water-concerns/", "https://gaspgroup.org/birmingham-residents-must-stay-engaged-on-the-proposed-data-center/", "https://alabamarivers.org/bcc/", "https://birminghamwatch.org/2026/03/03/birmingham-council-enacts-temporary-ban-on-large-data-centers/", "https://www.birminghamtimes.com/2026/03/birmingham-city-council-imposes-temporary-freeze-on-data-centers/", "https://abc3340.com/news/local/birmingham-halts-new-data-center-projects-with-six-month-moratorium-city-of-birmingham-council-public-hearing-data-centers-zoning-land-use-regulations-review-infrastructure-demands-development", "https://yellowhammernews.com/permit-filed-for-multibillion-dollar-75-acre-data-center-in-birmingham/", "https://www.wbrc.com/2026/03/04/birmingham-city-council-votes-pause-new-data-center-applications-six-months/", "https://1819news.com/news/item/data-center-company-nebius-buys-79-acres-in-birmingham-in-90-million-deal" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in Birmingham (Nebius)", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 14000, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified — the $4.5B figure (investment_million_usd=4500) is not supported by any located source, so flagging it figure_unverified is correct. The cited evidence_url (bhamwiki) returns H", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "harvey-county-ks-2026-01-13", "jurisdiction": "Harvey County", "state": "KS", "county": "Harvey County", "lat": 38.043, "lng": -97.425, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-01-13", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Renwick Area Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Harvey County Commission unanimously approved a moratorium on data center construction in unincorporated areas through the end of 2028 (roughly three years). Commissioner Don Schroeder explained the moratorium gives the planning department and zoning board time to research and design regulations, as the county currently has no zoning rules for data centers, crypto mining, or related facilities. Concerns centered on water use from the Equus Beds Aquifer. Nearby Andale and Colwich residents pushed back against proposed projects, citing the importance of preserving their farming and ranching community character.", "sources": [ "https://www.kwch.com/2026/01/13/harvey-county-commission-places-moratorium-data-center-construction/", "https://hutchtribune.com/2026/01/16/sedgwick-harvey-county-put-moratorium-on-data-center-development/", "https://www.okenergytoday.com/2026/01/data-center-debate-grows-in-kansas-where-a-county-adopted-a-moratorium/", "https://www.kake.com/home/harvey-county-places-moratorium-on-data-center-development/article_efbcdf2e-22f6-4aef-889f-4e0000bb25cb.html", "https://www.ksn.com/news/local/harvey-county-bans-data-centers-for-now/", "https://www.derbyinformer.com/news/area_news/community-group-to-discuss-data-centers/article_7c28f839-185a-4aa8-b9e5-17d3196cd463.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-05", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "farmland", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause data centers and crypto mining in Harvey County pending regulations", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "california-statewide-ca-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "California (statewide)", "state": "CA", "county": "Sacramento County", "lat": 38.5816, "lng": -121.4944, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-13", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SB 886 / SB 887 - Ratepayer Protection & ELDP Data Center Certification", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "California introduced several data center bills in 2026: SB 886 requires the PUC to establish a special tariff to protect ratepayers from data center transmission costs. SB 887 allows data centers to be eligible for Environmental Leadership Development Project streamlining if they are net-zero water. SB 1014 gives local governments authority to regulate data center noise and emissions. These bills represent California's comprehensive approach to data center regulation.", "sources": [ "https://sd25.senate.ca.gov/news/senator-perez-introduces-legislation-protect-communities-amid-unprecedented-growth-data", "https://calmatters.org/environment/2025/12/data-center-energy-study-california/", "https://sd18.senate.ca.gov/news/bills-protecting-ratepayers-data-center-costs-and-incentivizing-sustainable-tech", "https://laist.com/news/climate-environment/big-tech-blocks-california-data-center-rules-leaving-only-a-study-requirement" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-05", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 886 / SB 887", "county_lean": null, "bill_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB886", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "ratepayer", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Shield ratepayers from data center costs via SB 886", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Steve Padilla (D-CA)" ] }, { "id": "city-of-saginaw-mi-2026-01-13", "jurisdiction": "City of Saginaw", "state": "MI", "lat": 43.42, "lng": -83.951, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-01-13", "summary": "Saginaw City Council unanimously approved a resolution enacting a 6-month blanket prohibition on data centers on January 13, 2026. Councilwoman Carly Rose Hammond proposed the motion, comparing the pause to how the city handled marijuana regulations. Council members aim to finalize a comprehensive data center policy within that timeframe. Opposition was supported by Michiganders Against Data Centers.", "sources": [ "https://www.wnem.com/2026/01/13/city-saginaw-placing-moratorium-data-centers/", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", { "url": "https://www.abc12.com/news/local/saginaw-moratorium-proactively-blocks-data-center-projects/article_7b230f5d-0639-443c-a499-1a5a281bad49.html", "title": "" } ], "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18792, "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county": "Saginaw County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 6-month data centers moratorium in City of Saginaw", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "Merged duplicate entry 'saginaw-mi-2026-01-01' into this entry during validation (sources combined).", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "south-carolina-hb-4583-sc-2026-01-13", "jurisdiction": "South Carolina (HB 4583)", "state": "SC", "county": null, "lat": 34.0, "lng": -81.035, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-13", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "South Carolina HB 4583, the South Carolina Data Center Responsibility Act (bipartisan: Reps. Cromer, Gilreath, Oremus, Chumley, White, Reese, Lawson, Atkinson), introduced January 13, 2026, mandates closed-loop cooling systems requiring zero net water withdrawal and net zero wastewater discharge, and prohibits data centers from extracting groundwater or using municipal water for cooling. As of early 2026, the bill remains in the House. Companion bills include S 867 (data center development), H 902 (data centers), and H 724 (commercial data center water usage report). Part of a broader SC legislative push as the state hosts billions in Google data center investment. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: Did not advance before South Carolina's regular session adjourned May 14, 2026 (carryover possible in the 2-year biennium). The SC Senate did pass budget provisos requiring annual data center water-use reporting ($10k/day penalty) and an economic-incentive moratorium.", "sources": [ "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/sess126_2025-2026/bills/4583.htm", "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/3/3/state-data-center-water-usage-legislation-gains-momentum-in-2025" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "HB 4583 - Data Center Responsibility Act", "bill_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/sess126_2025-2026/bills/4583.htm", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "environmental", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Ban data center development NDAs in SC", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. April Cromer (R-SC)", "Rep. Gilreath (R-SC)", "Rep. Oremus (R-SC)", "Rep. Chumley (R-SC)" ] }, { "id": "maryland-statewide-hb-120-md-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Maryland (statewide HB 120)", "state": "MD", "county": "Anne Arundel County", "lat": 38.9784, "lng": -76.4922, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-14", "status": "died", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Maryland HB 120 (Dels. Fisher, Chisholm, Morgan, Szeliga - all R) would prohibit any person or government unit from constructing or approving construction of a data center until the General Assembly enacts companion co-location legislation tying data centers to new or existing power generation (natural gas, nuclear, or SMRs). Scheduled for committee hearing in early February 2026. Maryland has no cohesive statewide policy; January 2026 reporting indicates additional proposals for PSC operating certificate requirements for large data centers. The Department of Environment, Maryland Energy Administration, and University of Maryland School of Business will produce a data center impact study by September 1, 2026 (climate study bill became law via veto override). HB 560 (separate, Del. Palakovich Karr D) would repeal data center sales/use and property tax exemptions. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: HB 120 (moratorium tying data centers to co-located generation) did not advance out of House Environment & Transportation; MD sine die Apr 13, 2026. The omnibus Utility RELIEF Act (HB 1532) was the surviving vehicle.", "sources": [ "https://thebaynet.com/hb-120-seeks-temporary-halt-on-maryland-data-centers/", "https://marylandmatters.org/2026/01/03/data-center-regulations-2026/", "https://marylandmatters.org/2025/12/16/general-assembly-climate-veto-overrides/", "https://www.govtech.com/policy/maryland-lawmakers-push-for-data-center-impact-study", "https://www.route-fifty.com/infrastructure/2026/01/2026-more-data-center-regulations-could-be-coming-maryland/410446/", { "url": "https://afro.com/maryland-general-assembly-2026-wrap/", "title": "Maryland General Assembly 2026 wrap-up" }, { "url": "https://marylandmatters.org/2026/04/14/energy-bill-passage-utility-relief-act/", "title": "MD Utility RELIEF Act passage" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 120", "county_lean": null, "bill_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Legislation/Details/hb0120?ys=2026RS", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Pause data center permits for study via HB 120", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Del. Mark Fisher (R-MD)", "Del. Brian Chisholm (R-MD)", "Del. Matt Morgan (R-MD)", "Del. Kathy Szeliga (R-MD)" ] }, { "id": "new-mexico-statewide-nm-2026-01-14", "jurisdiction": "New Mexico (statewide)", "state": "NM", "county": "Dona Ana County", "lat": 35.687, "lng": -105.9378, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-14", "status": "defeated", "company": "Project Jupiter (Dona Ana County data center development)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Steinborn Microgrid Regulation Bill", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "SB 235 (Microgrid Oversight Act) would have required the Public Regulation Commission to develop rules for any microgrid producing more than 20 MW, granted regulators oversight over approval and operation of microgrids, and required proof of ability to meet state renewable energy standards for microgrids coming online after May 2026. The bill passed the New Mexico Senate 22-20 but did not advance in the House before the session ended, effectively dying. The bill was motivated by concerns about data center 'microgrids' circumventing the state's Energy Transition Act requirements, particularly regarding Project Jupiter in Dona Ana County.", "sources": [ "https://sourcenm.com/2026/01/14/nm-lawmaker-proposes-more-oversight-regulations-for-data-center-microgrids/", "https://sourcenm.com/2025/12/05/data-center-project-jupiters-greenhouse-gas-emissions-could-rival-nms-largest-cities/", "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/2/20/state-data-center-legislation-in-2026-tackles-energy-and-tax-issues" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 235 (Microgrid Oversight Act)", "bill_url": "https://www.nmlegis.gov/Legislation/Legislation?Chamber=S&LegType=B&LegNo=235&year=26", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require PRC oversight of 20MW+ microgrids serving data centers", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Jeff Steinborn (D-NM)", "Sen. Antoinette Sedillo Lopez (D-NM)" ] }, { "id": "armada-township-mi-2026-01-14", "jurisdiction": "Armada Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.844, "lng": -82.884, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-01-14", "summary": "Armada Township enacted a 180-day moratorium on data center development starting January 14, 2026. The moratorium gives the township time to review zoning, infrastructure capacity, and land use impacts before any data center applications can proceed. Opposition was led by Michiganders Against Data Centers and Stop Washington Township Data Center. A petition gathered 11,077 signatures. The outcome remains pending.", "sources": [ "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/macomb-county/2025/12/30/northern-macomb-co-washington-residents-rally-proposed-data-center-tax-base-boost/87832882007/", "https://stopwtdatacenter.org/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/12/washington-township-data-center-hearing/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers", "Stop Washington Township Data Center" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18937, "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county": "Macomb County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in Armada Township", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified and confirmed. (1) The stored petition_signatures=11109 contradicts the Armada summary's own \"11,077 signatures\" claim, so neither number is internally consistent. (2) The petit", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "spalding-county-ga-2026-01-14", "jurisdiction": "Spalding County", "state": "GA", "lat": 33.2818, "lng": -84.2836, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "status": "approved", "date": "2026-01-22", "summary": "Despite vocal opposition from dozens of residents, Spalding County Commissioners unanimously approved a $3.9 billion, 5 million sq ft data center complex by Wallace Jackson LLC spanning 190 acres along Interstate 75, consisting of ten separate buildings (roughly three times the size of Lenox Square Mall). The vote took place on January 22, 2026. Officials claimed the project will lower resident tax burdens without leaving taxpayers responsible for development costs. Residents objected to the plan citing environmental pollution concerns and loss of generational agricultural land. Full build-out could be reached by 2035. Final vote held January 23, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.fox5atlanta.com/news/spalding-county-data-center-vote", "https://www.ajc.com/business/2026/01/whats-37b-and-larger-than-3-malls-georgias-next-potential-data-center/", "https://baxtel.com/data-center/wallace-jackson-dc-campus" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Spalding County residents" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "company": "Wallace Jackson LLC", "investment_million_usd": 3900, "project_name": "Wallace Jackson DC Campus", "acreage": 190, "building_sq_ft": 5000000, "scope": "local", "county": "Spalding County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Contest Wallace Jackson 900MW data center despite community opposition", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "claremore-ok-2026-01-15", "jurisdiction": "Claremore", "state": "OK", "county": "Rogers County", "lat": 36.3126, "lng": -95.6161, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-01-15", "status": "active", "company": "Beale Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Mustang", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 300, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 1500000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Oklahoma Data Center Accountability", "Say NO to Coweta, Ok Data Center", "Honor the Earth" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-rogers-county-permanently", "petition_signatures": 1356, "summary": "Project Mustang is a planned data center site in the Claremore (OK) Industrial Park. As of early 2026, the project remains in early talks. City leaders have promised it will not raise utility rates, but residents are demanding more transparency regarding the 'mystery' tenant. Claremore is one of several Oklahoma data center battles, alongside Sand Springs Project Spring (Google), Yukon Gamma Resources (stalled by zoning hearing deferrals), and Luther Beltline Energy. Oklahoma HB 2992 (Boles) passed the House 92-2 in March 2026 to protect ratepayers from data center cost-shifting; awaits Senate action. AWS is inferred via Beale Infrastructure's prior work (incl. Project Blue) but not confirmed for Project Mustang. May 18, 2026: Claremore (Rogers County) approved 'Project Mustang' — three data centers with 25-year tax exemptions. Company: Beale Infrastructure (~$250M, ~50 jobs/phase). Approval over community opposition.", "sources": [ "https://www.newson6.com/tulsa-oklahoma-news/arrest-made-during-heated-claremore-meeting-over-proposed-data-center", "https://bealeinfra.com/claremore-oklahoma/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/beale-infrastructure-in-talks-to-build-data-center-campus-outside-tulsa-oklahoma/", "https://claremore.com/project-mustang-faq/", "https://tulsaworld.com/news/local/business/article_05f3d63d-3145-4161-8490-f94ca225b1f5.html", "https://www.newson6.com/tulsa-oklahoma-news/claremore-residents-to-question-proposed-data-center-at-public-meeting", "https://ktul.com/news/local/claremore-residents-speak-out-against-project-mustang-data-center", "https://www.newson6.com/tulsa-oklahoma-news/claremore-project-mustang-data-center-approved" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "water", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Petition to block Beale Infrastructure data center in Claremore", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Amazon/AWS': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "sand-springs-ok-2026-01-15", "jurisdiction": "Sand Springs", "state": "OK", "county": "Osage County", "lat": 36.1079, "lng": -96.115, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-01-15", "status": "active", "company": "Google", "hyperscaler": "Google", "project_name": "Project Spring", "investment_million_usd": 3000, "megawatts": 500, "acreage": 827, "building_sq_ft": 1800000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Sand Springs Alliance", "Project Sand Springs Alliance", "Honor the Earth", "Land Legacy" ], "opposition_website": "https://protectss.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/61583611330899", "opposition_instagram": "@protectsandsprings", "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-data-center-f340a791-4f7e-4da8-a997-b0b2ce26319a", "petition_signatures": 2058, "summary": "Conservation nonprofit Land Legacy filed a lawsuit on March 24, 2026 in Osage County District Court against the Ringle family, arguing a 2013 conservation easement covering 270 acres of the 827-acre Google \"Project Spring\" data center site prohibits industrial development. The Ringle family received a $3.8 million tax break for the original easement. The lawsuit alleges the family concealed the easement from the city during annexation and rezoning, and claims all municipal actions are void. Separately, the Protect Sand Springs, Oklahoma, Alliance is collecting signatures to recall the entire City Council (6-1 vote approved rezoning in February). The alliance has roughly 50% of the ~5,000 signatures needed across six wards, with a March 31 deadline. Recall petitions with ~1,600 signatures targeting council members Worrell, Barnett, and Burdge were delivered to the city clerk on March 31, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://krmg.com/2025/11/26/sand-springs-could-be-home-to-new-800-acre-data-center-called-project-spring/", "https://www.okenergytoday.com/2026/04/data-center-project-leads-to-recall-effort-in-sand-springs/", "https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/oklahoma-city-council-members-welcomed-google-data-center-now-face-rec-rcna264726", "https://krmg.com/2026/03/31/sand-springs-data-center-project-spring-could-generate-100-million-over-25-years/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/sand-springs-oklahoma-to-consider-project-spring-data-center-proposal/", "https://www.projectspringok.com", "https://tulsaflyer.org/2026/03/24/government/post/lawsuit-challenges-sand-springs-data-center-land-deal/", "https://krmg.com/2026/03/26/lawsuit-filed-over-proposed-google-data-center-site-near-sand-springs/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "transparency", "zoning", "environmental", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Recall officials who approved data center in Sand Springs", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [] }, { "id": "sedgwick-county-ks-2026-01-15", "jurisdiction": "Sedgwick County", "state": "KS", "county": "Sedgwick County", "lat": 37.6872, "lng": -97.3301, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-01-15", "status": "active", "company": "Monarch Energy / NextEra Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 300, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Renwick Area Against Data Centers in West Sedgwick County", "Sedgwick County Farm Bureau" ], "opposition_website": "https://keepsgdatafree.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Sedgwick County Commissioners unanimously voted on March 4, 2026 to extend the moratorium on data center permit applications to June 11, 2026. Two companies — Monarch Energy (San Diego) and NextEra Energy (Florida) — are trying to acquire more than 1,000 acres in western Sedgwick County for data centers. Monarch signed purchase agreements for 300+ acres with two landowners, while NextEra (the largest US electricity company) announced a deal with Google for hyperscale data centers. Hundreds of residents packed a town hall on March 13 at WSU, and the county hosted another public forum on March 31 at K-State Research and Extension to discuss zoning protocols. The Metropolitan Area Planning Department is researching regulations from other communities and drafting new policies. Residents expressed alarm at ongoing site activity despite the moratorium, with one noting 'It doesn't feel paused.' The county's zoning code currently lacks formal data center rules.", "sources": [ "https://www.kwch.com/2026/03/04/sedgwick-county-extends-pause-data-center-applications/", "https://www.kcur.org/housing-development-section/2026-03-17/two-data-center-companies-are-trying-to-buy-more-than-1-000-acres-of-kansas-land", "https://www.derbyinformer.com/news/area_news/community-group-to-discuss-data-centers/article_7c28f839-185a-4aa8-b9e5-17d3196cd463.html", "https://www.ksn.com/news/local/sedgwick-county-may-extend-its-data-center-pause/", "https://www.kwch.com/2026/01/15/sedgwick-county-suspends-data-center-permits-90-days/", "https://www.tsnews.com/news/sen-blasi-calls-data-center-moratorium", "https://www.sedgwickcounty.org/communications/news-releases/sedgwick-county-schedules-data-center-town-halls/", "https://www.kwch.com/2026/02/25/sedgwick-county-schedules-public-sessions-data-centers/", "https://www.kake.com/home/neighbors-raise-concerns-over-possible-data-center-near-andale-colwich/article_94e7fa1d-410c-41aa-9478-a7eb1367ac74.html", "https://www.kmuw.org/local-news/2026-03-16/two-data-center-companies-are-trying-to-buy-more-than-1-000-acres-of-sedgwick-county-land", "https://www.kwch.com/2026/03/31/sedgwick-county-hosting-public-forum-discuss-potential-data-centers-regulations/", "https://www.kwch.com/2026/02/24/kansas-lawmakers-ask-three-year-pause-sedgwick-county-data-centers/", "https://www.kake.com/news/sedgwick-county-approves-90-day-pause-on-data-center-applications/article_1a81d82e-63c6-4d00-9048-c378b3b20c8c.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 3-year data centers moratorium in Sedgwick County (Monarch Energy)", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "villa-ridge-franklin-county-mo-2026-01-15", "jurisdiction": "Villa Ridge (Franklin County)", "state": "MO", "lat": 38.4726, "lng": -90.8868, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "pending", "date": "2026-01-15", "summary": "Change.org petition with 6,140+ signatures voicing concerns about a proposed data center on Robertsville Road in Villa Ridge, near Shaw Nature Reserve. The land (613 acres total) is owned by Diamond 66 LLC and Diamond Farms LLC; L.B. Eckelkamp Jr., CEO of Bank of Washington, requested Franklin County rezone the parcels. After hours of public comment in March, the Planning & Zoning Commission tabled the discussion. The Franklin County Planning & Zoning Commission reconvened April 21, 2026 at 7 p.m. in the Union High School gym to take up proposed county regulations for data centers and rezoning requests for proposed facilities near Gray Summit/Pacific (Meramec Valley Technology Park) and Villa Ridge (Gateway Digital Campus). No post-meeting coverage available yet; status remains pending.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-data-center-on-robertsville-road-in-villa-ridge-missouri", "https://www.stlmag.com/business/shaw-nature-reserve-data-center/", "https://www.ksdk.com/article/news/local/data-center-proposal-sparks-intense-opposition-in-rural-franklin-county/63-1df17e92-1d31-4a96-a64f-b4a10bf99527", "https://fox2now.com/news/missouri/franklin-county-residents-protest-possible-data-center-plans/", "https://www.missourian.com/local_news/next-franklin-county-data-center-meeting-will-be-held-at-union-high-school/article_9f6016ad-b548-4014-a173-64c831798930.html", "https://www.firstalert4.com/2026/04/21/franklin-county-meeting-could-be-turning-point-data-center-debate/", "https://www.firstalert4.com/2026/04/19/franklin-county-data-center-projects-rezoning-faces-key-decision/", { "url": "https://www.firstalert4.com/2026/03/14/franklin-county-data-center-projects-return-planning-commission-tuesday-with-frustration-about-process/", "title": "" } ], "opposition_groups": [ "Franklin County residents", "Shaw Nature Reserve / Missouri Botanical Garden", "No AI Datacenters in Franklin County MO" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "company": "Diamond Farms LLC / L.B. Eckelkamp Jr.", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-data-center-on-robertsville-road-in-villa-ridge-missouri", "petition_signatures": 6923, "scope": "local", "county": "Franklin County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland", "water", "zoning", "anti_ai" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Ban data centers in designated zones in Villa Ridge", "community_outcome": "pending", "acreage": 613, "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "Merged duplicate entry 'villa-ridge-gateway-digital-mo-2026' into this entry during validation (sources combined).", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "yukon-ok-2026-01-15", "jurisdiction": "Yukon", "state": "OK", "county": "Canadian County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 35.5067, "lng": -97.7625, "date": "2026-01-15", "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Gamma Resources / Beltline Energy", "acreage": 295, "summary": "Yukon (OK) faces opposition to a Gamma Resources data center proposal near I-40. As of early 2026, the project is currently STALLED — zoning hearings have been deferred TWICE due to local outcry. Part of Oklahoma's broader data center boom alongside Sand Springs (Project Spring/Google), Claremore (Project Mustang), and Luther (Beltline Energy). Statewide context: Oklahoma HB 2992 passed the House 92-2 in March 2026 to protect ratepayers; companion bills also moving.", "opposition_groups": [ "Yukon residents" ], "sources": [ "https://okcfox.com/news/project-oklahoma/new-data-center-coming-to-yukon-generating-contention", "https://www.news9.com/story/68dc6593b59e144c5aa9c263/yukon-weighs-data-center-deal-amid-water-power-and-resident-concern", "https://www.okenergytoday.com/2026/01/yukon-city-council-approves-another-step-toward-data-center/", "https://www.okenergytoday.com/2025/12/proposed-yukon-data-center-not-a-done-deal/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Block Gamma Resources rezoning of 295 acres in Yukon", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "clinton-ms-2026-01-15", "jurisdiction": "Clinton", "state": "MS", "county": "Hinds County", "lat": 32.341, "lng": -90.322, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-15", "status": "approved", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 750, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 99, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Clinton Residents Concerned About Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Amazon Data Services is building a $750M data center on a 99-acre former Milwaukee Tool site in the Clinton, Mississippi, Industrial Park, in what officials call the largest economic development project in Clinton and Hinds County history. The Clinton Board of Aldermen and Hinds County Board of Supervisors both approved FILOT agreements on January 15, 2026, with the property assessed at 15% of true value — generating roughly $37M/year in payments split between the city, county, and Clinton Public School District. The project is expected to create about 50 permanent jobs.", "sources": [ "https://www.supertalk.fm/clinton-mayor-looks-to-squash-concerns-over-amazon-data-center-project/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/aws-likely-behind-plans-for-750m-data-center-in-clinton-mississippi/", "https://www.wlbt.com/2026/03/04/whos-building-data-center-clinton-records-provide-details/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Amazon's $750M data center FILOT agreement on 99-acre site in Clinton", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "investment revised upward (1000M+ baseline) to reflect the April 2026 updated $25B MS-wide figure; the 750M figure was an earlier Clinton-specific number", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "the-dalles-or-2026-01-15", "jurisdiction": "The Dalles (Google Water)", "state": "OR", "county": "Wasco County", "lat": 45.601, "lng": -121.179, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-15", "status": "active", "company": "Google", "hyperscaler": "Google", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1800, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 37, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Friends of the Columbia Gorge", "WaterWatch of Oregon", "Sierra Club", "Columbia Riverkeeper", "Oregon Wild", "Native Fish Society" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Google uses a third of The Dalles, Oregon,' water (~1M gallons/day) (37 acres). City lobbying for HR 655 to transfer ~150 acres of Mt. Hood National Forest to triple reservoir capacity (~$70M project). Google holds groundwater rights for up to 3.88M gallons/day. Conservation coalition called it a 'cynical sweetheart deal.' Google pays $7.3M/year in property taxes after 92% discount.", "sources": [ "https://fortune.com/longform/google-data-center-the-dalles-oregon-water-dispute/", "https://www.opb.org/article/2026/01/23/the-dalles-mayor-data-center-google/", "https://www.opb.org/article/2026/01/15/as-googles-water-demands-grow-the-dalles-aims-to-pull-more-from-mount-hood-forest/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-14", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "investment_usd": 1800000000, "energy_mw": 330, "water_gallons_per_day": 1000000, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "tax_incentive", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Organize coalition against Google data center in The Dalles", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "nebraska-statewide-ne-2026-01-16", "jurisdiction": "Nebraska (statewide)", "state": "NE", "county": "Douglas County", "lat": 40.8136, "lng": -96.7026, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-16", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "LB1111", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 73150, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "BOLD Alliance", "Bold Alliance (Bold Nebraska)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/boldnebraska", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "LB1111, introduced by Senator Machaela Cavanaugh on January 16, 2026, would impose statewide data center regulations. Hearing held February 12. The bill remains in the Natural Resources Committee. Previously attached Meta Sarpy figures (company/investment/MW/acreage) have been removed as they applied to a separate project, not this bill.", "sources": [ "https://boldnebraska.org/support-lb-1111-to-regulate-data-centers-in-nebraska/", "https://nebraskapublicmedia.org/en/news/news-articles/suspending-young-students-sparks-debate-data-center-proposals-heard/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/meta-to-expand-sarpy-data-center-in-nebraska/", "https://boldnebraska.org/testimony-of-bolds-jane-kleeb-on-lb-1111-to-regulate-nebraska-data-centers/", "https://unomahanews.com/2026/02/24/nebraska-lawmakers-push-for-data-center-regulation-amid-energy-concerns/", "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/bills/view_bill.php?DocumentID=63375" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "LB 1111", "bill_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/bills/view_bill.php?DocumentID=63375", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "contract_guarantees", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Study data center impacts on electrical grid in NE", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Machaela Cavanaugh (NP-NE)", "Sen. Terrell McKinney (NP-NE)", "Sen. Ashlei Spivey (NP-NE)" ], "opposition_facebook_members": 31000, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently confirmed. The entry's own summary states project-specific figures (company/investment/MW/acreage) were removed because they belonged to a separate Meta Sarpy project, not LB1111; water_", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "kansas-city-mo-2026-01-16", "jurisdiction": "Kansas City", "state": "MO", "county": "Jackson County", "lat": 39.0997, "lng": -94.5786, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-01-16", "status": "active", "company": "Multiple (Google, Meta, Nebius, Lambda)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Kansas City Data Center Zoning Restrictions (citywide response to multiple projects)", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "KC Data Center Watchdog", "Stop the AI Data Center in Independence" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-massive-nebius-data-center-in-independence-mo", "petition_signatures": 142, "summary": "Kansas City, Missouri, Council unanimously approved zoning changes reclassifying data centers as industrial facilities, limiting them to specific zoning districts, revoking by-right status for larger data centers, and requiring City Council approval and will-serve letters from water and electric utilities. Opposition was led by KC Data Center Watchdog and Stop the AI Data Center in Independence. A petition gathered 142 signatures. Key concerns driving this action include energy grid strain. The outcome of these regulatory changes remains pending. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://www.kcur.org/housing-development-section/2026-01-16/kansas-city-zoning-data-centers.]", "sources": [ "https://www.kcur.org/housing-development-section/2026-01-16/kansas-city-zoning-data-centers", "https://www.smartcitiesdive.com/news/data-centers-kansas-city-zoning-ordinance/811587/", "https://fox4kc.com/news/the-cost-of-ai-local-leaders-advocates-share-concerns-about-kcs-data-center-boom/", "https://www.kctv5.com/2026/02/12/google-confirms-new-data-center-development-kansas-citys-northland/", "https://fox4kc.com/news/independence-city-council-votes-to-approve-tax-breaks-for-nebius-data-center/", "https://www.kcur.org/politics-elections-and-government/2026-03-03/independence-gives-billions-in-tax-breaks-for-a-massive-data-center-despite-outcry-from-residents", "https://www.kcur.org/housing-development-section/2026-02-13/independence-data-center-tax-breaks-opposition", "https://www.kcur.org/housing-development-section/2026-01-31/ai-data-center-missouri-protest-josh-hawley" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "zoning", "anti_ai" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Restrict Multiple 700MW data center in Kansas City", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "georgia-statewide-hb-1012-ga-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Georgia (statewide HB 1012)", "state": "GA", "county": "Fulton County", "lat": 33.749, "lng": -84.388, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-16", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club", "Southern Environmental Law Center (SELC)", "Southern Alliance for Clean Energy (SACE)", "Georgia Interfaith Power & Light", "Southface Institute", "Science for Georgia", "Georgians Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/673117812334454/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": "https://x.com/nrcmenvironment", "petition_url": "https://act.sierraclub.org/actions/Georgia?actionId=AR0585535", "petition_signatures": 54, "summary": "Multiple Georgia data center moratorium bills introduced in 2026 session. HB 1012 (Rep. Ruwa Romman) would bar counties and cities from issuing permits for new data centers until March 1, 2027, with exceptions for approvals issued before July 1, 2026. HB 1059 (Rep. Derrick Jackson) would establish a moratorium from July 1, 2026 to December 31, 2028, and create a 14-member Data Center Impact Commission to conduct a three-year study with a final report due October 1, 2029. At least eight Georgia towns and counties have already passed local moratoriums. Industry opposition has been fierce, with a key bill stalling after a last-minute amendment found bipartisan support. HB 1012 stalled in the House Governmental Affairs Committee and did not cross over by the March 6 deadline, effectively killing it for the 2026 session. The moratorium provisions were not included in SB 410 which did pass.", "sources": [ "https://capitol-beat.org/2026/01/resistance-to-data-centers-fuels-flood-of-georgia-bills-targeting-the-industry/", "https://cleanenergy.org/news/lame-duck-commission-sides-with-georgia-power-and-data-centers-over-families-and-small-businesses/", "https://georgiarecorder.com/2026/01/20/outrage-over-surge-of-data-centers-in-georgia-inspires-wave-of-bipartisan-bills/", "https://georgiarecorder.com/2026/02/26/data-center-bill-stalls-after-last-minute-change-opposed-by-industry-finds-support/", "https://trackbill.com/bill/georgia-house-bill-1012-local-government-construction-or-development-of-new-data-centers-for-a-specified-time-prohibit/2778746/", "https://www.selc.org/topic/data-centers-across-the-south/", "https://www.sierraclub.org/press-releases/2026/01/environmental-groups-demand-psc-reconsider-data-center-energy-plan-overreach", "https://www.wabe.org/georgia-lawmakers-debating-data-center-moratorium-and-regulation-bills-in-legislature/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 1012", "county_lean": null, "bill_url": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/72319", "opposition_facebook_members": 533, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Pause data center permits for study via HB 1012", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Ruwa Romman (D-GA)" ] }, { "id": "coweta-ok-2026-01-19", "jurisdiction": "Coweta", "state": "OK", "county": "Wagoner County", "lat": 35.9512, "lng": -95.6511, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2026-01-19", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Beale Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Atlas", "investment_million_usd": 800, "megawatts": 400, "acreage": 295, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Say NO to Coweta, Ok Data Center (Atlas Project)", "Coweta residents", "Honor the Earth" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/saynotoatlas", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-data-center-from-coming-to-coweta-ok", "petition_signatures": 748, "summary": "In Coweta, Oklahoma, Beale Infrastructure's $800M Project Atlas proposed 295 acres for an Amazon/AWS data center with 400MW capacity. The Planning Commission voted 4-1 to deny rezoning on January 19, 2026, but the proposal advanced to city council. The developer reduced the project scope to 60 acres and promised a 150-foot buffer. Opposition started a recall petition targeting city council members. Blue Owl Capital, the major backer of Beale Infrastructure, is facing financial turmoil that could derail the project. On March 30, 2026, Beale Infrastructure withdrew its Project Atlas application entirely, ending plans for the facility. The company did not provide a reason, but the withdrawal followed weeks of public opposition, the 4-1 planning commission denial, resident demands for the city manager to be fired, discovery of fraudulent pro-data-center emails sent to council members, and financial turmoil at Beale's backer Blue Owl Capital.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/planned-project-atlas-data-center-campus-in-coweta-oklahoma-fails-to-secure-backing-from-planners/", "https://tulsaflyer.org/2026/01/20/government/post/coweta-planning-commission-says-no-to-data-center-proposal/", "https://www.okenergytoday.com/2026/02/data-center-project-to-be-subject-of-another-coweta-city-council-meeting/", "https://www.newson6.com/tulsa-oklahoma-news/cowetas-planning-commission-votes-4-1-to-deny-rezoning-request-for-proposed-data-center", "https://www.okenergytoday.com/2026/03/backer-of-oklahoma-data-centers-faces-financial-challenges/", "https://tulsaflyer.org/2026/03/30/news/post/developer-pulls-out-of-project-atlas-data-center/", "https://www.newson6.com/tulsa-oklahoma-news/coweta-data-center-project-atlas-proposal-canceled-by-beale-infrastructure", "https://krmg.com/2026/03/31/beale-infrastructure-pulls-application-for-project-atlas-in-coweta/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "opposition_facebook_members": 1800, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Deny Beale Infrastructure rezoning of 295 acres in Coweta", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Amazon/AWS': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "village-of-godfrey-il-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Village of Godfrey", "state": "IL", "county": "Madison County", "lat": 38.956, "lng": -90.187, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-01-20", "status": "active", "company": "Cloverleaf Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 500, "acreage": 275, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Troy Residents for Responsible Growth" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Village of Godfrey, Illinois, unanimously approved a 180-day moratorium on data center construction applications on January 20, 2026, after Cloverleaf Infrastructure proposed a 500MW data center on 275 acres. Trustee Rick Lauschke: \"We don't know enough.\" The moratorium followed weeks of protests across Madison County voicing concerns about data centers in Troy, Granite City, and Godfrey.", "sources": [ "https://www.advantagenews.com/news/local/godfrey-studying-data-centers-approves-moratorium-on-applications/article_cc9c3ec6-d706-4de8-a61a-bbad49c78302.html", "https://www.ehstigertimesonline.com/news/2026/01/30/data-centers-flock-to-madison-county-met-with-popular-disapproval/", "https://www.stlpr.org/government-politics-issues/2026-02-22/edwardsville-data-center-city-emails-cloverleaf" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in Village of Godfrey", "community_outcome": "pending", "energy_mw": 500 }, { "id": "georgia-statewide-hb-1059-ga-2026-01-20", "jurisdiction": "Georgia (statewide)", "state": "GA", "county": null, "lat": 33.765, "lng": -84.372, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-20", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "HB 1059", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter", "Science for Georgia" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Georgia HB 1059 (Rep. Derrick Jackson D-Tyrone) would have established a moratorium on new data center construction from July 1, 2026 through December 31, 2028, plus a 14-member Data Center Impact Commission. The bill failed to advance during the 2026 legislative session, which ended in early April with Georgia lawmakers passing NO data center bills despite months of debate. The General Assembly left intact ~$2.5B/year in data center tax breaks even after a state report estimated Georgia would miss out on $2.5B in tax revenue in 2026. With no statewide restrictions, county commissions and planning boards remain the front line of defense, and Democrats are reportedly viewing the failure as an electoral gift heading into November 2026. By April 15-18, 2026, advocates reported that around 20 bills aimed at the data center industry introduced during the 2026 Georgia legislative session all failed to pass after the Senate adjourned without action. Failed measures included HB 1012, SB 408, and SB 410, along with HB 1059 (the Data Center Impact Assessment and Development Moratorium Act of 2026). Georgia's data center sales-tax exemption (projected to cost the state $2.5 billion in FY 2026) remains in effect through 2032.", "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/GA/bill/HB1059/2025?guid=7HbsGKZuyi4Y7km2P21gqG", "https://www.ajc.com/business/2026/04/georgia-lawmakers-leave-data-center-tax-breaks-intact-punt-on-energy-costs/", "https://www.13wmaz.com/article/news/local/forsyth-monroe/georgia-lawmakers-fail-pass-data-center-bills-leaving-tax-breaks-and-power-costs-unchanged/93-afdda5bf-9e6f-4b50-8178-69d32c54704d", "https://thecurrentga.org/2026/04/03/georgia-lawmakers-failure-to-act-on-data-center-concerns-draws-community-ire/", "https://www.baltimoresun.com/2026/04/03/election-2026-data-centers-georgia/", "https://georgiarecorder.com/2026/01/20/outrage-over-surge-of-data-centers-in-georgia-inspires-wave-of-bipartisan-bills/", "https://www.wabe.org/advocates-frustrated-after-20-data-center-bills-fail-to-pass-georgia-legislature/", "https://thecurrentga.org/2026/04/18/advocates-frustrated-after-20-data-center-bills-fail-to-pass-georgia-legislature/", "https://billtracker.gacities.com/legislation/72510", "https://trackbill.com/bill/georgia-house-bill-1059-data-center-impact-assessment-and-development-moratorium-act-of-2026-enact/2799873/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 1059", "bill_url": "https://legiscan.com/GA/bill/HB1059/2025", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Establish moratorium on data center construction in GA and create 14-member impact commission", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Derrick Jackson (D-GA)" ] }, { "id": "south-whitehall-township-pa-2026-01-20", "jurisdiction": "South Whitehall Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Lehigh County", "lat": 40.6364, "lng": -75.5549, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-20", "status": "active", "company": "CDE Acquisitions LLC (Atlas Industrial)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 410, "building_sq_ft": 5100000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Oppose Atlas DC" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.opposeatlasdc.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-the-atlas-data-center-south-whitehall-township-pa", "petition_signatures": 8471, "summary": "CDE Acquisitions proposes consolidating several lots into a 410-acre site for a six-building, 5.1 million sq ft data center campus on North Cedar Crest Blvd, directly across from Parkland High School in South Whitehall Township, Pennsylvania, (proposed by CDE Acquisitions LLC). LVPC planners raised concerns about extensive karst formations (sinkholes) throughout the site, along with noise, emissions, power grid strain, and water supply impacts. All residents who spoke at the LVPC meeting objected to the project. The South Whitehall Planning Commission cancelled its February meeting to allow the applicant to address a 101-page staff review.", "sources": [ "https://www.mcall.com/2026/01/20/i-do-not-want-this-in-my-backyard-south-whitehall-residents-push-back-against-proposed-data-center-at-lehigh-valley-planners-meeting/", "https://www.lehighvalleynews.com/parkland/5-1-million-square-foot-atlas-industrial-data-center-could-be-built-across-from-parkland-high-school", "https://www.wfmz.com/news/area/lehighvalley/review-of-massive-data-center-complex-near-parkland-high-school-delayed/article_ff6b9e12-71c7-4e1f-b400-714609fc8ace.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "bill_name": null, "bill_url": null, "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "water", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Oppose CDE Acquisitions data center over noise in South Whitehall", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "monterey-park-ca-2026-01-21", "jurisdiction": "Monterey Park", "state": "CA", "county": "Los Angeles County", "lat": 34.0625, "lng": -118.1228, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-01-21", "status": "active", "company": "HMC Capital (StratCap)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Saturn Park Data Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 50, "acreage": 15.8, "building_sq_ft": 218400, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Monterey Park residents", "Monterey Park Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.nodatacentermpk.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1373626604509288", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://actionnetwork.org/petitions/no-data-centers-in-monterey-park", "petition_signatures": 6252, "summary": "Monterey Park, California, City Council unanimously adopted a 45-day moratorium on data center development on January 21, 2026, prompted by a proposed 250,000 sq ft data center at Saturn Park (proposed by HMC Capital) (15.8 acres). On March 4, 2026, the Council unanimously approved placing a measure on the June 2, 2026 ballot to permanently ban data centers citywide, and extended the existing moratorium through January 21, 2027. An ordinance permanently banning data centers is also expected to be considered by the Council in April 2026. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://abc7.com/post/monterey-park-voters-approve-measure-ndc-banning-power-hungry-data-centers-within-city-limits/19229466/.]", "sources": [ "https://www.montereypark.ca.gov/1710/Data-Center-Information", "https://www.sgvtribune.com/2026/03/05/monterey-park-approves-ballot-measure-to-prohibit-data-centers/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/45-day-data-center-moratorium-passed-in-monterey-park-california-with-more-permanent-regulations-to-come/", "https://www.coloradoboulevard.net/monterey-park-moves-toward-permanent-citywide-ban-on-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 164, "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 45-day data centers moratorium in Monterey Park (HMC Capital (StratCap))", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "naperville-il-2026-01-21", "jurisdiction": "Naperville", "state": "IL", "county": "DuPage County", "lat": 41.7508, "lng": -88.1535, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-01-21", "status": "defeated", "company": "Karis Critical", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Karis Data Center (Nokia/Lucent Campus)", "investment_million_usd": 250, "megawatts": 36, "acreage": 40, "building_sq_ft": 145000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 5000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Naperville Community" ], "opposition_website": "https://protectnaperville.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/deny-the-proposed-data-centers", "petition_signatures": 5840, "summary": "Naperville, Illinois, City Council voted 6-1 to deny Karis Critical's proposal for a 145,000 sq ft data center on the former Nokia/Lucent campus (36 MW, $250M, 40 acres). A Change.org petition gathered 5,000+ signatures. Originally proposed as two data centers, the developer reduced to one after community opposition. Located near residential areas, Danada Forest Preserve, and a sensory playground for children with disabilities.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/deny-the-proposed-data-centers", "https://wgntv.com/news/naperville/naperville-city-council-rejects-plans-for-data-center-after-months-of-debate/", "https://abc7chicago.com/post/naperville-illinois-city-council-denies-plan-karis-critical-data-center-vacant-lucent-campus-off-warrenville-road/18442413/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/karis-critical-plans-36mw-data-center-in-naperville-illinois/", "https://therealdeal.com/chicago/2026/01/22/naperville-kills-karis-data-center-after-resident-revolt/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Deny Karis Critical 36MW data center permit in Naperville", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "city-of-pontiac-mi-2026-01-21", "jurisdiction": "City of Pontiac", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.6389, "lng": -83.291, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-01-21", "summary": "In City of Pontiac, Michigan, Pontiac City Council unanimously passed a six-month moratorium on the consideration of data centers 'pending further study and enactment of city regulation,' prompted by Concord Infrastructure Partners' proposed 100MW, $285 million facility. The resolution cited existing zoning insufficiency to prevent data centers' potential effects on public health, utilities, and infrastructure. City officials will review potential issues and propose a zoning ordinance during the moratorium period, which may be extended.", "sources": [ "https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/oakland-county/2026/01/21/pontiac-latest-community-to-pass-data-center-moratorium/88286730007/", "https://bridgemi.com/michigan-environment-watch/at-least-19-michigan-towns-pause-data-centers-no-one-knows-if-itll-work/", "https://www.crainsdetroit.com/real-estate/concord-infrastructure-partners-pitches-data-center-deadline", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/03/lawmakers-propose-michigan-data-center-moratorium/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers", "Economic Development Responsibility Alliance of Michigan (EDRA of MI)" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "company": "Concord Infrastructure Partners", "megawatts": 100, "investment_million_usd": 285, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18791, "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county": "Oakland County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Halt data centers in City of Pontiac after Concord Infrastructure proposal", "community_outcome": "pending", "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 0 }, { "id": "grand-blanc-township-mi-2026-01-21", "jurisdiction": "Grand Blanc Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.927, "lng": -83.63, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-01-21", "summary": "Grand Blanc Township Board of Trustees passed a one-year moratorium on data center development on January 21, 2026, rejecting all applications until the period expires unless shortened or extended by the board. The township attorney cited concerns over energy and water use as reasons for the pause. Grand Blanc joins the growing list of at least 27 Michigan communities that have enacted data center moratoria while developing appropriate zoning regulations to address the technology's unprecedented infrastructure demands.", "sources": [ "https://www.wnem.com/2026/01/22/grand-blanc-twp-passes-moratorium-data-centers/", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18792, "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county": "Genesee County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 1-year data centers moratorium in Grand Blanc Township", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "sylvan-township-mi-2026-01-22", "jurisdiction": "Sylvan Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.359, "lng": -84.031, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-01-22", "summary": "Sylvan Township (near Chelsea, Washtenaw County) enacted a 6-month moratorium on data centers on January 22, 2026. Supervisor Amanda Nimke stated: 'We clearly can't stop them, but we can control them in a way that they're not going to be proposed in an area that will undermine a community.' Opposition was led by Michiganders Against Data Centers. A petition gathered 11,077 signatures. Key concerns driving this action include zoning concerns. The outcome remains pending.", "sources": [ "https://thesuntimesnews.com/sylvan-township-decides-on-data-center-moratorium-and-new-computers/", "https://bridgemi.com/michigan-environment-watch/at-least-19-michigan-towns-pause-data-centers-no-one-knows-if-itll-work/", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18893, "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county": "Washtenaw County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 6-month data centers moratorium in Sylvan Township", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "lisle-il-2026-01-23", "jurisdiction": "Lisle", "state": "IL", "county": "DuPage County", "lat": 41.801, "lng": -88.074, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2026-03-12", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Cloud Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 50, "acreage": 18, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Lisle Residents Against Data Center (ad hoc)" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-a-50-megawatt-data-center-in-lisle", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-a-50-megawatt-data-center-in-lisle", "petition_signatures": 1455, "summary": "In Lisle, Illinois, Cloud Centers proposed a 256,000 sq ft, 50MW data center on the former Lockformer toxic-contaminated site (18 acres). Over 300 residents packed a public hearing, forcing postponement. 127 letters submitted, all in opposition. Concerns: diesel generators, noise, proximity to homes (<300 feet) and a grade school. Cloud Centers formally withdrew its application after over 300 residents packed a January hearing, forcing postponement when the crowd exceeded the 250-person board room capacity. 127 written submissions, all objected to. Managing partner said they \"were not given a chance to present.\" May 20, 2026: Lisle advanced a zoning amendment to exclude data centers from the I-1 district, following Cloud Centers LLC's earlier withdrawal of a 256,000 sq ft proposal.", "sources": [ "https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/data-center-proposed-for-lisle-site-with-storied-past-met-with-strong-opposition/3879461/", "https://abc7chicago.com/post/lisle-data-center-public-hearing-held-proposed-former-lockformer-company-site-ogden-avenue/18444943/", "https://patch.com/illinois/lisle/lisle-data-center-application-withdrawn-developer", "https://abc7chicago.com/post/lisle-data-center-cloudcenters-llc-drops-application-former-lockformer-company-site-ogden-avenue-village-officials-say/18703440/", "https://therealdeal.com/chicago/2026/03/12/lisle-plan-scrapped-as-yorkville-bets-big-on-data-centers/", "https://patch.com/illinois/lisle/lisle-considers-move-effectively-prohibit-data-centers-village" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "noise" ], "authority_level": "developer", "objective": "Community pressure forces Cloud Centers to withdraw in Lisle", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "date updated to 2026-03-12 (actual withdrawal). The January 23 hearing was postponed, not the withdrawal date", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "el-paso-tx-meta-community-meetings-2026-03-23", "jurisdiction": "El Paso", "state": "TX", "county": "El Paso County", "lat": 31.7619, "lng": -106.485, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation", "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-06-18", "status": "defeated", "company": "Meta", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 10000, "megawatts": 1000, "acreage": 1000, "building_sq_ft": 1200000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 400000, "jobs_promised": 300, "opposition_groups": [ "Sembrando Esperanza Coalition", "El Paso City Council" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.sembrandoesperanza915.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Meta expanded its El Paso data center investment from $1.5B to $10B (1GW capacity, 1,000 acres). Construction began November 2025 with completion targeted February 2029. El Paso Electric filed with the PUC to build a $473M, 366MW natural gas power plant (813 small gas generators) exclusively for Meta for the first 5 years. On April 14, 2026, the City of El Paso provided an update on the Meta data center project (Project Seafox), covering project development status, the city's contractual obligations, and legal position. City officials emphasized agreements are enforceable with clear performance requirements on private investment, jobs, and timelines. The city is developing a Data Center Policy Framework with public input gathered through April 8, 2026 community engagement meetings. The Sembrando Esperanza Coalition has called on the city, county, and utility to halt approvals. On June 2-3, 2026, District 3 Rep. Josh Acevedo placed a June 9 council agenda item directing staff to negotiate termination of the city’s Chapter 380 tax agreement with Meta, citing water (permitted up to 1.5M gal/day) and air pollution (on-site gas plant authorized for 68 tons/yr NOx). City Manager Dionne Mack and City Attorney Karla Nieman publicly said termination is not feasible and would trigger years of litigation and damages. RESOLVED (community loss): On June 9, 2026 the El Paso City Council voted 5-3 AGAINST directing staff to terminate the city's Chapter 380 incentive agreement with Meta for the NE El Paso hyperscale data center. For termination: Acevedo, Limon, Canales; against: Chavez, Boyar Trejo, Maldonado-Rocha, Fierro, Nino (+ Mayor Johnson). Nearly 200 signed up to speak over 7-8 hours of overwhelming opposition; outside counsel warned termination could carry ~$800M liability (no termination-for-convenience clause). The Meta deal stands. [Update 2026-06-22: On June 18, 2026, Meta executives (Ana Martinez, Darija Cosic) met for a one-hour roundtable at El Paso City Hall — organized by District 4 Rep. Cynthia Boyar Trejo — with Mayor Renard Johnson, El Paso Electric CEO Kelly Tomblin, El Paso Water CEO John Balliew, and community opponents (attorney Veronica Carbajal, neighborhood leader Cynthia Crouse) plus...]", "sources": [ "https://elpasomatters.org/2026/03/29/meta-data-center-el-paso-10-billion-expansion-water-gas-electricity-usage/", "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/03/26/meta-to-spend-10-billion-on-ai-data-center-in-el-paso-1gw-by-2028.html", "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/01/26/texas-el-paso-meta-data-center-natural-gas-power-plant/", "https://kvia.com/news/2026/04/14/city-of-el-paso-gives-update-on-meta-data-center-project-policy-framework/", "https://www.elpasotexas.gov/assets/Press-Releases/2026.04.02-NEWS-RELEASE_City-of-El-Paso-Continues-Community-Engagement-on-Data-Center-Policy-Framework.pdf", { "url": "https://elpasomatters.org/2026/06/03/el-paso-texas-meta-data-center-tax-breaks-cancel-contract-water-air-pollution/", "title": "El Paso council member moves to cancel Meta tax-break contract" }, { "url": "https://elpasomatters.org/2026/06/18/meta-data-center-el-paso-texas-water-electricity-rates-community-benefit-agreement/", "title": "Meta reps meet with El Paso data center critics, city leaders as proposal asks more investments of tech giant - El Paso Matters" } ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "transparency", "water", "community_impact", "anti_ai" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Terminate city contracts with Meta and halt $10B data center expansion in El Paso", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [] }, { "id": "village-of-romeo-mi-2026-01-26", "jurisdiction": "Village of Romeo", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.802, "lng": -83.013, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-01-26", "summary": "The Village of Romeo enacted a data center moratorium on January 26, 2026, joining the wave of Macomb County communities (including nearby Armada Township, Lenox Township, and Sterling Heights) in pausing data center development while drafting appropriate regulations. Opposition was led by Michiganders Against Data Centers. A petition gathered 11,077 signatures. Key concerns driving this action include environmental impacts and zoning concerns. The outcome remains pending.", "sources": [ "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18792, "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county": "Macomb County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": "Pause data centers in Village of Romeo pending regulations", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "pekin-il-2026-01-26", "jurisdiction": "Pekin", "state": "IL", "county": "Tazewell County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 40.5675, "lng": -89.6407, "date": "2026-03-09", "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "status": "defeated", "scope": "local", "company": "Western Hospitality Partners", "acreage": 320, "petition_signatures": 2000, "summary": "In Illinois, Hundreds of residents packed a city council meeting to challenge a data center proposed on the Lutticken Farm along the Mahomet Aquifer, Which serves nearly 1 million people (320 acres). Opposition group has 2,200+ Facebook members. State bill SB 4004 would prohibit data centers from using Mahomet Aquifer groundwater. UPDATE: Pekin Mayor Mary Burress announced on March 9 that the city will not move forward with the proposed data center project. Her announcement was met with applause and cheers from opponents who had filled council chambers for months. The city is expected to vote March 23 to formally end its agreement with developer Western Hospitality Partners for the 321-acre site. Mayor Mary Burress announced on March 9 that the city will not move forward with the data center, met with applause and cheers. The Tazewell County Data Center Opposition Facebook group grew from 2,200 to 5,000+ members in two months.", "opposition_groups": [ "Tazewell County Data Center Opposition" ], "opposition_facebook_members": 2200, "sources": [ "https://www.peoplesworld.org/article/pekin-illinois-residents-turn-out-to-oppose-building-of-ai-data-center/", "https://www.wcbu.org/local-news/2026-01-27/opponents-speak-out-against-proposed-pekin-data-center", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/data-center-proposal-rejected-in-pekin-illinois/", "https://www.nprillinois.org/illinois/2026-03-09/data-center-wont-be-built-in-pekin", "https://www.25newsnow.com/2026/03/09/pekins-mayor-announces-data-center-project-will-not-move-forward/", "https://constructionreviewonline.com/controversial-321-acre-data-center-campus-proposed-in-pekin-illinois-officially-rejected/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Ban data centers from using Mahomet Aquifer groundwater via SB 4004", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "south-dakota-statewide-sb-135-sd-2026-01-26", "jurisdiction": "South Dakota (statewide)", "state": "SD", "county": null, "lat": 44.3668, "lng": -100.3538, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-24", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SB 135", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Gov. Rhoden signed SB 135 and HB 1038 into law on March 24, 2026. SB 135 requires data centers with peak demand >10MW to ensure water use doesn't overburden local resources, pay for electrical infrastructure costs, and prohibits the state from overriding local ordinances on data centers. HB 1038 allows the Public Utilities Commission to assess data center companies the costs of regulatory reviews. Signed after legislature rejected tax incentive proposals. (Sen. Karr sponsored SB 135; Rep. Hansen sponsored HB 1038.)", "sources": [ "https://www.route-fifty.com/infrastructure/2026/03/data-center-restrictions-signed-south-dakota-law-after-push-incentives-failed/412358/", "https://www.kotatv.com/2026/03/25/data-center-restrictions-signed-into-south-dakota-law-after-push-incentives-failed/", "https://southdakotasearchlight.com/briefs/data-center-restrictions-signed-into-south-dakota-law-after-push-for-incentives-failed/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 135", "bill_url": "https://legiscan.com/SD/bill/SB135/2026", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Ban data center development NDAs via SB 135", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Senate President Pro Tempore Chris Karr (R-SD)", "House Speaker Jon Hansen (R-SD)" ] }, { "id": "larimer-county-co-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Larimer County", "state": "CO", "county": "Larimer County", "lat": 40.668, "lng": -105.461, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-01-27", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Conservation Colorado" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Larimer County extended its temporary moratorium on data center facilities to August 25, 2026, following a public hearing on February 9, 2026. The pause allows staff time to develop land-use regulations addressing data center impacts. At the state level, SB 26-102 (Sen. Cathy Kipp D-Larimer County, Rep. Kyle Brown D-Boulder County) on large-load data centers had its Senate Transportation and Energy Committee vote delayed in March 2026 but supporters plan to bring it back. Colorado is debating competing legislative approaches between data center development incentives and environmental protections, with Xcel Energy moving in April 2026 to block data centers from sticking residential families with higher power bills.", "sources": [ "https://www.reporterherald.com/2026/01/26/larimer-county-eyes-30-day-moratorium-on-data-center-permits/", "https://1310kfka.com/news/01/larimer-county-hits-pause-on-data-centers-consideration/", "https://www.larimer.gov/sites/default/files/recorded-resolution-establish-temporary-moratorium-data-center-facilities-larimer-county-colorado.pdf" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 30-day data centers moratorium in Larimer County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "indiana-statewide-hb-1333-in-2026-01-27", "jurisdiction": "Indiana (statewide)", "state": "IN", "county": null, "lat": 39.7764, "lng": -86.15010000000001, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-27", "status": "dead", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "HB 1333", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Action Coalition", "Hoosier Action", "Hoosier Environmental Council" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.citact.org/ai-data-centers", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Indiana HB 1333 passed the House on February 2, 2026 by a vote of 56-43 and was engrossed February 3. The bill mandates that data center users entering operations after June 30, 2026, must enter into written agreements with local units issuing permits, and requires data centers to pay at least 1% of their sales tax savings to local governments. The bill also allows developers to build data centers and solar farms on Class 4-8 farmland without zoning changes — a controversial provision opposed by farmland preservation advocates. Effective date July 1, 2026. Critics in the Hoosier Environmental Council warn the bill weakens local control. Other Indiana data center bills saw 'little action' in the 2026 session per WFYI. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: HB 1333 passed the House (56-43) but STALLED in the Senate; the farmland \"permitted use\" preemption provision was pulled (Sen. Koch said it \"will not move forward\"). The IN short session ended Feb 27 — death of this preemption bill is a win for local-control/farmland advocates.", "sources": [ "https://indianapublicradio.org/news/2026/03/at-a-pivotal-moment-for-data-centers-indiana-lawmakers-take-little-action/", "https://www.ipm.org/news/2026-02-04/house-bill-could-provide-benefit-to-communities-that-host-data-centers", "https://indianaeconomicdigest.net/Content/Default/Top-Story/Article/Indiana-House-Bill-1333-would-give-local-governments-slice-of-data-centers-tax-break/-3/5309/120948", "https://www.wfyi.org/news/articles/data-center-legislation-indiana-general-assembly-2026", { "url": "https://www.indianasenaterepublicans.com/statement-from-state-sen-eric-koch-on-house-bill-1333", "title": "Sen. Koch statement on HB 1333" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 1333", "bill_url": "https://iga.in.gov/pdf-documents/124/2026/house/bills/HB1333/HB1333.03.COMH.pdf", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "farmland", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Repeal data center tax exemptions in IN", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Kendell Culp (R-IN)" ] }, { "id": "simpson-county-ky-2026-01-28", "jurisdiction": "Simpson County", "state": "KY", "county": "Simpson County", "lat": 36.742, "lng": -86.5819, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-01-28", "status": "active", "company": "TenKey LandCo", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Franklin-Simpson Data Storage and Service Center", "investment_million_usd": 5000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 200, "building_sq_ft": 600000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 200, "opposition_groups": [ "Simpson County residents", "Franklin Planning and Zoning Commission", "Franklin residents (Jasmine Butt petition organizer)", "Franklin residents (ad hoc)", "Franklin Citizens for Responsible Development Inc." ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-the-data-center-proposal-for-franklin-kentucky", "petition_signatures": 1796, "summary": "In Simpson County, Kentucky, TenKey LandCo I LLC proposed a nearly $5 billion data center on approximately 200 acres near Exit 2 of I-65 at the southern end of Franklin. Plans include three 200,000 sq ft buildings ($1.6B per facility). A lawsuit hearing was held March 17, 2026, where the judge took motions under advisement. The next hearing is scheduled for April 13, 2026. The Franklin Planning and Zoning Commission approved a preliminary development plan in March 2026 after hours of heated public comment. On April 14, 2026, Franklin Citizens for Responsible Development Inc. filed a second lawsuit in Simpson Circuit Court seeking to void the preliminary plan approval.", "sources": [ "https://www.wkyufm.org/news/2026-01-21/zoning-regulators-table-preliminary-development-plan-for-franklin-data-center", "https://www.wbko.com/2026/01/16/data-center-seeks-preliminary-site-development-plan-for-simpson-county/", "https://www.wnky.com/city-of-franklin-planning-zoning-commission-tables-data-center-vote-for-4th-time/", "https://bgdailynews.com/2026/02/22/simpson-fiscal-court-answers-data-center-lawsuit/", "https://www.wkyufm.org/news/2026-02-05/for-a-second-time-franklin-zoning-regulators-table-vote-on-data-center-proposal", "https://www.wkyufm.org/news/2026-03-04/feet-to-the-fire-preliminary-plan-for-franklin-data-center-approved", "https://www.wsmv.com/2026/01/20/massive-data-center-is-being-pushed-blink-you-miss-us-kentucky-town-locals-are-pushing-back/", "https://www.lpm.org/news/2026-01-28/data-center-developer-sues-simpson-county-government-over-land-use-ordinance", "https://www.wbko.com/2026/01/28/tenkey-landco-sues-simpson-county-over-data-center-ordinance/", "https://www.lpm.org/news/2026-02-09/for-a-second-time-franklin-zoning-regulators-table-vote-on-data-center-proposal", "https://www.lpm.org/news/2026-01-21/zoning-regulators-table-preliminary-development-plan-for-southern-kentucky-data-center", "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-the-data-center-proposal-for-franklin-kentucky", "https://bgdailynews.com/2025/10/22/proposed-data-center-hits-stumbling-block-in-franklin/", "https://www.lpm.org/news/2026-03-05/feet-to-the-fire-preliminary-plan-for-franklin-data-center-approved", "https://www.wbko.com/2026/01/20/massive-data-center-is-being-pushed-blink-you-miss-us-kentucky-town-locals-are-pushing-back/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Legal challenge to TenKey LandCo's $5B data center on 200 acres in Simpson County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "new-orleans-la-2026-01-28", "jurisdiction": "New Orleans", "state": "LA", "county": "Orleans Parish", "lat": 29.9511, "lng": -90.0715, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-01-28", "status": "passed", "company": "MS Solar Grid Data", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 17, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Deep South Center for Environmental Justice", "East New Orleans Neighborhood Advisory Commission", "Deep South Center for Environmental Justice (DSCEJ)" ], "opposition_website": "https://dscej.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/dscejnola/", "opposition_twitter": "https://x.com/dscej", "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The New Orleans City Council voted unanimously 6-0 on January 28, 2026 to impose a one-year moratorium on construction of data centers, server farms, and cryptocurrency mining facilities — a ban council members say will likely become permanent. The moratorium effectively killed a proposal by MS Solar Grid Data for a 17-acre vacant lot near Interstate 10 and Read Boulevard in New Orleans East. The Planning Commission was directed to propose a zoning classification for data centers. As of late March 2026, the City Planning Commission deferred its recommendation to the City Council until late April 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.fox8live.com/2026/01/29/new-orleans-council-bans-data-center-development/", "https://council.nola.gov/news/january-2026/new-orleans-city-council-approves-motions-to-study/", "https://www.wwno.org/economy/2026-01-29/new-orleans-city-council-bans-data-center-development-for-a-year-heres-why", "https://veritenews.org/2026/01/28/data-centers-ban-new-orleans-council/", "https://veritenews.org/2026/03/25/data-centers-new-orleans-east-council/", "https://canalstreetbeat.com/new-orleans-city-council-imposes-moratorium-on-data-center-development/", "https://dscej.org/2026/01/29/data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.nola.com/news/business/new-orleans-east-data-center/article_b7397cf1-85d4-4dbc-8675-1da346539fd2.html" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning", "community_impact", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Halt data centers and crypto mining in New Orleans after MS Solar Grid Data proposal", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [] }, { "id": "fayetteville-ga-2026-01-28", "jurisdiction": "Fayetteville", "state": "GA", "county": "Fayette County", "lat": 33.4487, "lng": -84.455, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-01-27", "status": "passed", "company": "Corvus Investment Group", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 240, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Fayetteville Residents Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Fayetteville's Planning & Zoning Commission denied Corvus Investment Group's request to rezone 240+ acres along Highway 85 North and Highway 314 to Business Park — a classification that allows data centers as a permitted use — and recommended Light Industrial zoning instead. The developer subsequently appealed to the City Council but withdrew the appeal on March 18, 2026. Fayetteville then adopted Ordinance 26-0-12, prohibiting new data centers in every city zoning district. (The CHI 37-acre withdrawal is tracked as a separate fight: fayetteville-ga-withdrawal-2026-03-18.)", "sources": [ "https://thecitizen.com/2026/01/28/fayetteville-planning-commission-denies-data-center/", "https://www.fayette-news.net/news/fayetteville-planning-commission-denies-data-center-conceptual-site-plan/article_cecdfd07-7856-4a3e-b354-21648486dd0b.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/400-acres-to-be-annexed-rezoned-for-data-centers-in-fayetteville-georgia/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Block Corvus Investment Group rezoning of 240 acres in Fayetteville", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "carroll-county-ga-2026-01-28", "jurisdiction": "Carroll County", "state": "GA", "county": "Carroll County", "lat": 33.5804, "lng": -85.0766, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-01-28", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Atlas Development", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Bus", "investment_million_usd": 11000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 350, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 275, "opposition_groups": [ "Carroll County Anti-Data Center Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-from-being-built-in-carroll-county-georgia", "petition_signatures": 2872, "summary": "Atlas Development filed a Development of Regional Impact for 'Project Bus,' a 12-building data center campus on approximately 350 acres in Temple (northern Carroll County, Georgia,). The estimated $11 billion project would generate $42 million/year in ad valorem taxes and 275 jobs. The project requires rezoning, annexation, and sewer connections. Properties span Vaughn Road, Center Point Road, Terrell Road, and Mandeville Road, north and south of I-20, about 40 miles west of downtown Atlanta. After sustained community opposition, Atlas Development withdrew the rezoning application, and the project was cancelled.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-from-being-built-in-carroll-county-georgia", "https://gradickcommunications.com/developer-pulls-data-center-proposal-at-least-for-now/", "https://www.times-georgian.com/news/local/data-center-backlash-comes-to-commission/article_da4b99ba-eba6-592a-98a5-8a02ea390b66.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/atlas-development-files-for-12-building-data-center-campus-in-temple-georgia/", "https://gradickcommunications.com/data-center-planned-for-development-in-carroll-county/", "https://www.constructconnect.com/construction-economic-news/georgia-data-center-proposal-4.5-billion-2.2-million-square-feet", "https://www.times-georgian.com/news/local/anti-data-center-group-we-will-continue-to-show-up/article_373d4ee8-a4e3-5e07-bac4-17d78cec0742.html", "https://www.times-georgian.com/news/local/data-center-proposed-for-temple/article_843207fd-622f-5c76-b5b9-0a999e07bff5.html", "https://gradickcommunications.com/carroll-county-residents-file-petition-vs-developer-city-of-villa-rica-hope-to-stop-development-of-reported-400-acre-data-center-between-hickory-level-van-wert-road/", "https://www.bisnow.com/atlanta/news/data-center/developer-pitches-24m-sf-georgia-data-center-campus-129233" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "tax_incentive", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Block Atlas Development rezoning of 350 acres in Carroll County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "hanover-county-va-2026-01-28", "jurisdiction": "Hanover County", "state": "VA", "county": "Hanover County", "lat": 37.759, "lng": -77.4717, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-01-28", "status": "cancelled", "company": "HHHunt", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Hunting Hawk Technology Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 900, "acreage": 400, "building_sq_ft": 3900000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 10000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Wyndham community residents", "Wyndham Board of Directors Smart Development Task Force", "Goochland Residents Alliance", "Stop Hanover Data Centers", "Wyndham Smart Development Task Force", "Neighbors For Change", "Hanover County residents", "Henrico County residents", "Goochland County residents" ], "opposition_website": "https://smartdevtaskforce.com/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/403325790153601/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/protect-virginia-communities-regulate-data-center-growth-before-it-s-too-late", "petition_signatures": 380, "summary": "In Hanover County, Virginia, HHHunt's proposed Hunting Hawk Technology Park — a 10-building, 400-acre data center campus near the Wyndham community capable of supporting up to 900 MW — was rejected by Hanover's Planning Commission on January 15, 2026 as not fitting the county's 'rural character.' Hundreds of residents from Hanover, Henrico, and Goochland counties attended community meetings, raising concerns about traffic, water use, noise, and environmental impacts. HHHunt withdrew its application on January 28, 2026. Just weeks later, developer Tract submitted a new 427-acre data center proposal along Route 33 and Mountain Road (requiring 900 MW and ~600,000 gallons/day of water), but the Planning Commission deferred that vote to March 19 for more information.", "sources": [ "https://virginiabusiness.com/developer-withdraws-hanover-data-center-campus-proposal/", "https://www.wtvr.com/news/local-news/hanover-planning-commission-hhhunt-data-center-rezoning-jan-15-2026", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/900mw-data-center-campus-plan-withdrawn-in-hanover-county-virginia/", "https://www.wtvr.com/news/local-news/hhhunt-community-meeting-nov-17-2025", "https://www.wtvr.com/news/local-news/route-33-data-center-plan-feb-19-2026", "https://www.vpm.org/news/2025-11-18/hanover-hunting-hawk-data-center-hhhunt-wyndham-banton-mendelson-cheeley", "https://www.henricocitizen.com/proposed-data-center-incites-opposition-from-hundreds-of-henrico-hanover-residents/", "https://www.change.org/p/protect-virginia-communities-regulate-data-center-growth-before-it-s-too-late", "https://neighbors4change.com/hhhunt-faces-strong-opposition-to-data-center-plan/", "https://www.vpm.org/news/2026-01-20/hanover-hunting-hawk-data-center-hhhunt-wyndham-ashland-road-clark", "https://www.wtvr.com/news/local-news/hanover-data-center-proposal-sept-8-2025", "https://richmondbizsense.com/2026/02/20/hanover-planning-commission-defers-vote-on-430-acre-data-center-project/", "https://www.12onyourside.com/2026/02/05/community-meeting-draws-critics-mountain-road-data-center-plan/", "https://www.wtvr.com/news/local-news/hhhunt-withdraws-data-center-application-jan-28-2026", "https://richmondbizsense.com/2026/01/16/hanover-planning-commission-rejects-hhhunt-data-center-project-near-wyndham/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook_members": 774, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "noise", "traffic", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Deny HHHunt 900MW data center permit in Hanover County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "henry-county-in-2026-01-28", "jurisdiction": "Henry County (Knightstown)", "state": "IN", "county": "Henry County", "lat": 39.7953, "lng": -85.5272, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-28", "status": "approved", "company": "Surge Development LLC / GM Development LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 585, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "No Henry County Data Center" ], "opposition_website": "https://nohenrycountydatacenter.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61578624873871", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-data-center-00539472-5549-480d-8958-8ff77a1a80ce", "petition_signatures": 2441, "summary": "Henry County, Indiana, Commissioners voted 2-1 on January 28, 2026 to approve a Planned Unit Development for a proposed data center on 585 acres of agricultural land near Knightstown at the intersection of State Road 109 and I-70, despite over 80% of constituents who contacted commissioners voicing concerns about the project. Surge Development LLC and GM Development LLC are behind the proposal. Commissioner Susan Huhn cast the lone no vote. The opposition group No Henry County Data Center organized significant resistance, citing loss of farmland, water impacts, and threats to rural character. Three proposed 20-acre data centers would use valuable farm land and water.", "sources": [ "https://indianapublicradio.org/news/2026/01/henry-county-data-center-approved-at-last-commissioners-vote/", "https://www.wthr.com/article/news/local/data-center-delay-henry-county-data-center-proposal-tabled-by-planning-commissioners/531-249e4a29-a5d0-4e88-a912-f1de728393f8", "https://nohenrycountydatacenter.org/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-data-center-00539472-5549-480d-8958-8ff77a1a80ce" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-05", "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2000, "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Surge Development data center over water in Henry County", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "barrington-hills-il-2026-01-29", "jurisdiction": "Barrington Hills", "state": "IL", "county": "Cook County", "lat": 42.14, "lng": -88.15, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2026-01-29", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Brennan Investment Group", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 2000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 110, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Barrington Hills residents (Change.org petition organizers)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/deny-data-centers-in-barrington-hills", "petition_signatures": 1712, "summary": "Brennan Investment Group withdrew its $2 billion data center proposal for land south of Penny Road and west of Pond Gate Drive in Barrington Hills, Illinois, a suburb northwest of Chicago (110 acres). The withdrawal came 'based on initial feedback' before a scheduled Feb. 2 plan commission meeting. A Change.org petition voicing concerns about the project had garnered 1,303 signatures citing concerns about air pollution, water quality, and tax impacts. The village considers the matter closed and canceled the Feb. 2 meeting.", "sources": [ "https://www.shawlocal.com/northwest-herald/news/2026/01/29/2-billion-data-center-proposal-in-barrington-hills-withdrawn/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/brennan-investment-group-withdraws-plans-for-2bn-data-center-outside-chicago-illinois/", "https://therealdeal.com/chicago/2026/01/27/brennans-2b-barrington-hills-data-center-scrapped/", "https://www.change.org/p/deny-data-centers-in-barrington-hills", "https://www.dailyherald.com/20260127/real-estate/2-billion-data-center-proposal-in-barrington-hills-withdrawn/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "tax_incentive", "water", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Force Brennan Investment Group to withdraw $2B data center proposal in Barrington Hills", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "sangamon-county-il-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Sangamon County", "state": "IL", "county": "Sangamon County", "lat": 39.7817, "lng": -89.6501, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "approved", "company": "CyrusOne", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 500, "megawatts": 636, "acreage": 230, "building_sq_ft": 1400000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 100, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club", "Coalition for Springfield's Utility Future" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/SierraSVG/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Sangamon County Board voted 17-10 on April 7, 2026 to approve CyrusOne's $500M data center on 280 acres of farmland near Waverly, ~14 miles southwest of Springfield, despite hundreds of opponents packing the meeting. The 636 MW, 1.4 million sq ft complex will be one of the largest in Illinois. Community opposition cited loss of prime agricultural land, water and energy impacts, and minimal local job creation. The moratorium proposal was previously defeated, and the zoning board had recommended approval.", "sources": [ "https://www.wcia.com/news/sangamon-county/sangamon-county-will-not-adopt-6-month-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://www.illinoistimes.com/news/both-data-center-plans-move-forward/", "https://www.illinoistimes.com/news/data-center-opposition/", "https://www.nprillinois.org/economy-business/2025-11-04/plans-for-sangamon-county-data-center-raise-hopes-concerns", "https://www.wcia.com/news/sangamon-county/hearing-on-proposed-sangamon-co-data-center-brings-hundreds-of-supporters-opposers/", "https://www.sierraclub.org/illinois/sangamon-valley/about-us", "https://www.illinoistimes.com/news/data-center-project-moves-forward/", "https://www.sangamonreporter.com/post/zoning-board-advances-data-center-permit-to-county-board", "https://www.foxillinois.com/news/local/county-board-members-to-issue-moratorium-on-data-center-vote/article_f260660f-772f-40d9-9edd-6a3046ae736e.html", "https://www.nprillinois.org/sangamon-county/2026-03-23/the-sangamon-county-board-tables-a-vote-on-a-massive-data-center", "https://www.nprillinois.org/sangamon-county/2026-04-07/sangamon-county-board-approves-a-controversial-data-center-project", "https://broadbandbreakfast.com/sangamon-county-illinois-approves-500m-data-center-after-heated-debate/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 636, "investment_usd": 500000000, "water_gallons_per_day": 2800, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Propose data centers moratorium in Sangamon County (rejected)", "community_outcome": "loss", "opposition_facebook_members": 1253 }, { "id": "carroll-county-md-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Carroll County", "state": "MD", "county": "Carroll County", "lat": 39.5628, "lng": -77.0016, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop MPRP", "Carroll County Anti-Data Center Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://stopmprp.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Carroll County Board of Commissioners voted to draft a deferral ordinance placing a temporary moratorium on data center projects, despite no developers having applied. The preemptive action mirrors moratoria already adopted by Frederick, Prince George's, Baltimore, and Montgomery counties as data center opposition spreads across Maryland.", "sources": [ "https://marylandmatters.org/2026/01/03/data-center-regulations-2026/", "https://www.bayjournal.com/news/energy/maryland-counties-to-data-center-industry-slow-down/article_c8362372-9a29-4ef9-925a-c81840390a95.html", "https://www.times-georgian.com/news/local/anti-data-center-group-we-will-continue-to-show-up/article_373d4ee8-a4e3-5e07-bac4-17d78cec0742.html", "https://www.times-georgian.com/news/local/data-center-backlash-comes-to-commission/article_da4b99ba-eba6-592a-98a5-8a02ea390b66.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause data centers in Carroll County pending regulations", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "adams-county-oh-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Adams County", "state": "OH", "county": "Adams County", "lat": 38.8456, "lng": -83.4721, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "active", "company": "Unknown (multiple entities: Buck Canyon Properties LLC, High Table LLC, Energy Strike LLC, Hecate Energy)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 1300, "acreage": 1016, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Adams County Residents for Responsible Development" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 1800, "summary": "A 1,300 MW data center is proposed for the sites of two former power plants in Adams County (1,016 acres). AES Ohio filed that the data center would start at 100 MW in 2028 and ramp up to 1,300 MW (1.3 GW) by March 2032, consuming 11.4 million megawatt hours annually -- 31 times Adams County's total electricity consumption. Residents packed a community meeting in Manchester. Alex Schaffer, a data center critic running for Adams County Commission, is organizing opposition. The Economic Development Director signed NDAs about the project. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers issued Nationwide Permit No. 39 on February 18, 2026, for the data center project near the former Stuart power plant. The permit includes special conditions to protect endangered bats, mussels, and butterflies, and a 100-foot buffer zone around three cemeteries. Additionally, Adams County voters launched a petition campaign at West Union Walmart on March 9 calling for an Ohio constitutional amendment to ban data centers statewide.", "sources": [ "https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/i-team/adams-county-data-center-could-be-one-of-ohios-biggest-power-guzzlers", "https://www.peoplesdefender.com/2026/02/12/data-center-debate-emerges-in-adams-county-amid-calls-for-transparency/", "https://www.fox19.com/2026/02/19/manchester-residents-voice-concerns-over-potential-data-center-construction/", "https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/adams-county/adams-county-residents-voice-skepticism-concerns-over-proposed-data-center-projects-at-community-meeting", "https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/i-team/adams-county-touts-demolished-power-plants-as-the-best-place-for-data-centers", "https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/i-team/adams-county-data-center-gets-federal-permit-as-voters-sign-petitions-to-block-it" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_facebook_members": 679, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 1300, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Petition to block Unknown data center in Adams County", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified. The cited evidence_url (WCPO \"federal permit / voters sign petitions\") contains NO numerical signature count at all — it describes three petitions (statewide constitutional ame", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "champaign-county-oh-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Champaign County", "state": "OH", "county": "Champaign County", "lat": 40.1084, "lng": -83.7524, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-03", "status": "passed", "company": "Thor Equities", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Champaign County Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 500, "acreage": 48, "building_sq_ft": 460000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Cedar Bog Nature Preserve (supporters)" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.cedarbognp.org/say-no-to-data-centers-please-sign-the-petition/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/no-data-centers-in-champaign-county-ohio", "petition_signatures": 6586, "summary": "Thor Equities proposed a $1 billion, 500MW data center (Urbana Technology Hub) on 48+ acres in Champaign County, Ohio, near Urbana. On March 3, 2026, the Urbana City Council voted 6-1 to approve a 12-month moratorium on data centers over 10,000 sq ft, halting the project. Residents organized rapidly with 4,000+ online petition signatures within two weeks, citing threats to Cedar Bog Nature Preserve, noise, air quality, and water impacts. CyrusOne was also attached to the project. The moratorium takes effect immediately and gives the city time to study potential impacts.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/no-data-centers-in-champaign-county-ohio", "https://www.cedarbognp.org/say-no-to-data-centers-please-sign-the-petition/", "https://www.peakofohio.com/local-news/champaign-county-commissioners-release-statement-for-clarity-on-proposed-data-center-project/", "https://www.urbanacitizen.com/2026/02/18/data-center-plans-revealed-at-city-meeting/", "https://www.wosu.org/2026-03-04/urbana-passes-moratorium-on-new-data-centers-leaving-1b-proposal-in-limbo", "https://www.springfieldnewssun.com/news/urbana-officials-release-public-notice-with-overview-timeline-of-proposed-data-center/MZ42L743BVE5PCILD3FHAHR5GU/", "https://www.springfieldnewssun.com/news/potential-data-center-considered-for-champaign-county/BYYV3EK3ARGZFM4ARE3NPOSEH4/", "https://www.urbanacitizen.com/2026/01/23/data-center-interest-confirmed-urbana-officials-address-residents-concerns/", "https://wysu.org/ohio-news/2026-03-04/urbana-passes-moratorium-on-new-data-centers-leaving-1b-proposal-in-limbo" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "investment_usd": 1000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "noise", "water", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Petition to block Thor Equities data center in Champaign County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "allen-park-mi-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Allen Park", "state": "MI", "county": "Wayne County", "lat": 42.2573, "lng": -83.2108, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "pending", "company": "Solstice", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Solstice Data Center Campus", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 26, "acreage": 5, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Downriver United 734", "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/allen-park-residents-only-rejection-of-ai-data-centers-in-allen-park-mi", "petition_signatures": 1576, "summary": "A proposed 26MW Solstice data center campus at 7500 Enterprise Drive in Allen Park, Michigan has been postponed multiple times by the Planning Commission (first postponement January 2026, a second in following months). Commissioners delayed to allow more time for additional noise studies, fire department evaluation, and adjacent community input. A petition gathered 1,576+ signatures; a second petition targets non-residents in surrounding Wayne County cities. Opposition led by Downriver United 734 and Michiganders Against Data Centers. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://www.fox2detroit.com/news/allen-park-data-center-plan-proposal-denied-city-commission.]", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/allen-park-residents-only-rejection-of-ai-data-centers-in-allen-park-mi", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/data-center-proposal-in-allen-park-michigan-postponed-in-response-to-calls-for-greater-scrutiny/", "https://hoodline.com/2026/02/allen-park-neighbors-revolt-over-solstice-data-center-plan/", "https://www.change.org/p/non-allen-park-mi-residents-help-keep-ai-data-centers-out-of-wayne-county-cities-listed", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/01/allen-park-data-center-proposal/", "https://www.thenewsherald.com/2026/01/06/protest-planned-before-meeting-to-consider-allen-park-data-center/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Petition to block Solstice data center in Allen Park", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified. The 26MW figure is corroborated (datacentermap + multiple news outlets) and the ~53,000 sq ft data hall matches the note's 52,898 sq ft. The acreage=5 value, however, cannot be", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "vienna-township-oh-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Vienna Township", "state": "OH", "lat": 41.2356, "lng": -80.662, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-01", "summary": "Vienna Township in northeast Ohio is using a pause on data centers to develop lasting zoning changes rather than a temporary moratorium. Trustee Phil Pegg requested zoning to place a limit of 85 decibels at the property line, and if a data center uses more than 5 megawatts of power, they must produce anything in excess on site or an adjacent site. All water usage and discharge must meet Ohio EPA regulations.", "sources": [ "https://www.statenews.org/section/the-ohio-newsroom/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success", "https://www.tribtoday.com/news/local-news/2026/02/vienna-places-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://www.ideastream.org/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Vienna Township trustees (preemptive zoning)" ], "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county": "Trumbull County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Pause data centers in Vienna Township pending regulations", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "pecos-county-tx-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Pecos County", "state": "TX", "lat": 30.8868, "lng": -103.493, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-01", "summary": "Pacifico Energy's GW Ranch project in Pecos County, Texas, ~17 miles north of Fort Stockton, received TCEQ approval in early 2026 as the 'largest permitted data center campus' in the U.S. The 7.65 GW, 8,000+ acre facility was granted the largest air pollution permit in U.S. history (33 million tons/year GHG, approximately 5% of Canada's total emissions). On March 13, 2026, the U.S. Senate EPW Committee sent a letter to the Pacifico CEO questioning the project's environmental impacts.", "sources": [ "https://www.kcbd.com/2026/02/01/texas-approves-largest-permitted-data-center-campus-us/", "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/02/13/texas-data-centers-local-governments-power/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/29012026/developer-calls-gw-ranch-in-pecos-county-texas-the-largest-power-project-in-u-s/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/pacifico-energy-unveils-5gw-offgrid-natural-gas-project-in-texas-slated-to-serve-a-hyperscale-data-center/", "https://bigbendsentinel.com/2026/02/04/massive-ai-data-center-coming-to-pecos-county/", "https://www.pacificoenergy.com/gw-ranch", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/pacifico-secures-765gw-air-permit-for-gw-ranch-project-in-west-texas/", "https://www.powermag.com/pacifico-energy-building-massive-gas-energy-storage-project-to-serve-texas-data-centers/", "https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20250820331187/en/Pacifico-Energy-Announces-GW-Ranch-Project-Bringing-5-Gigawatts-of-Reliable-Off-Grid-Power-for-AI-Innovation", "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/02/02/texas-permian-basin-power-plant-project-data-centers/" ], "opposition_groups": [], "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "company": "Pacifico Energy", "megawatts": 7650, "acreage": 8000, "jobs_promised": 500, "scope": "local", "county": "Pecos County", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 7650, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Rally against Pacifico Energy data center in Pecos County", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Confirmed. jobs_promised=500 is unverifiable. Pacifico Energy's official GW Ranch page says \"1,000+ construction jobs\" and \"hundreds of workers\"/\"hundreds of permanent high-paying jobs\" — not 500. KCB", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "solon-township-mi-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Solon Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 43.155, "lng": -85.494, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-01", "summary": "Solon Township, Michigan, (Kent County) Board unanimously approved a 6-month moratorium on new data center proposals in early February 2026, extended from an initial 90-day proposal after hearing residents' concerns (proposed by The Right Place). Developers are exploring farmland west of US-131, between 16 and 17 Mile roads, as a potential data center site. The property is currently zoned agricultural/residential.", "sources": [ "https://www.fox17online.com/news/local-news/rockford-cedar-springs-sparta/solon-township-approves-6-month-moratorium-on-data-center-proposals", "https://stopsolontownshipdatacenter.com/", "https://www.woodtv.com/news/kent-county/data-center-concerns-shared-at-solon-township-meeting/", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Solon Township Data Center" ], "last_updated": "2026-03-04", "opposition_website": "https://stopsolontownshipdatacenter.com/", "scope": "local", "county": "Kent County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 6-month data centers moratorium in Solon Township", "community_outcome": "pending", "company": "The Right Place (site broker)" }, { "id": "dickerson-montgomery-county-md-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Dickerson (Montgomery County)", "state": "MD", "lat": 39.2245, "lng": -77.4228, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-01", "summary": "California-based Atmosphere Data Centers plans a $2 billion, 300MW data center complex on 170 acres at the site of a decommissioned coal-fired power plant in Dickerson, Maryland,. Atmosphere filed for water withdrawal and discharge permits from the Potomac River upstream from the WSSC water intake that serves millions in the DC metro area. The Sugarloaf Citizens Association and a coalition of 20+ environmental organizations are calling for a moratorium on data center approvals until the County Council approves regulations. County Executive Elrich said the developers 'have a right to go forward' in the planning process, though he has floated a six-month moratorium. The data center debate has fueled election-year tensions.", "sources": [ "https://bethesdamagazine.com/2026/02/25/dickerson-data-center-developers-have-right-to-go-forward-elrich-says/", "https://bethesdamagazine.com/2026/02/07/moco-residents-air-concerns-about-utility-rates-environmental-impacts-of-data-centers/", "https://atmosphere-dc.com/data-centers/dickerson-md/", "https://bethesdamagazine.com/2025/12/18/data-center-dickerson-potomac-river-water/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Sugarloaf Citizens Association", "Climate Coalition Montgomery County" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "company": "Atmosphere Data Centers", "megawatts": 300, "acreage": 170, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 500000, "investment_million_usd": 2000, "scope": "local", "county": "Montgomery County", "county_lean": "D", "opposition_website": "https://sugarloafcitizens.org/", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Halt data centers in Dickerson after Atmosphere Data Centers proposal", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "virginia-statewide-hb-1515-moratorium-va-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Virginia (statewide HB 1515 moratorium)", "state": "VA", "lat": 37.548700000000004, "lng": -77.42800000000001, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "status": "defeated", "date": "2026-02-01", "summary": "Would prohibit localities from granting final approvals for rezonings, special permits, and site plans for new data centers until existing grid interconnection requests are fulfilled or July 1, 2028. Introduced by Del. Irene Shin (D-Fairfax County). A House subcommittee voted to carry the bill over to the 2027 session, effectively killing it for 2026. Virginia's legislature considered over 60 data center-related bills this session.", "sources": [ "https://protectpwc.org/2026/02/01/support-hb-1515-tomorrow-temporary-moratorium-data-centers/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/02/20/halfway-through-the-2026-legislative-session-theres-still-no-consensus-on-data-center-bills/", "https://cardinalnews.org/2026/02/03/new-governor-could-see-new-versions-of-old-bills-seeking-to-regulate-the-data-center-industry/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition to Protect Prince William County" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 1515", "bill_url": "https://lis.virginia.gov/bill-details/20261/HB1515", "county": null, "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require conditional use permits for data centers in VA", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Del. Irene Shin (D-VA)" ] }, { "id": "tennessee-statewide-tn-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Tennessee (statewide)", "state": "TN", "scope": "statewide", "date": "2026-02-01", "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "status": "pending", "summary": "Tennessee: Requires data center owners to pay full infrastructure costs (SB 2128), establishes data center impact reviews (SB 2653), addresses tariff structures (SB 1999), amends qualified data center tax provisions (SB 2584), and ties WARN Act/labor compliance to tax credits (HB 2047). Multiple bills pending in the 114th General Assembly, deferred to Senate Commerce and Labor Committee hearing March 10, 2026. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: Of roughly seven TN data center bills, only the industry-friendly self-generation bill (Public Chapter 961) passed; the impact-review and other bills died at sine die Apr 23.", "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/TN/bill/SB2128/2025", "https://www.fox13memphis.com/news/proposed-legislation-in-tennessee-requires-data-centers-to-pay-for-increased-energy-costs/article_15971aee-39e5-4a61-96ea-8e8e13c99fea.html", "https://servercountry.org/policy/tennessee/", "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/2/20/state-data-center-legislation-in-2026-tackles-energy-and-tax-issues", { "url": "https://tennesseelookout.com/2026/04/28/tennessee-bill-gives-data-centers-ability-to-self-power-with-limited-regulation/", "title": "TN self-power bill" } ], "bill_name": "SB 2128", "bill_url": "https://wapp.capitol.tn.gov/apps/BillInfo/Default?BillNumber=SB2128&GA=114", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "lat": 36.1627, "lng": -86.7816, "opposition_groups": [], "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require data center owners to pay full infrastructure costs in TN", "community_outcome": "mixed", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Brent Taylor (R-TN)" ] }, { "id": "arizona-statewide-hb-2756-az-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Arizona (statewide HB 2756)", "state": "AZ", "scope": "statewide", "date": "2026-02-01", "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "status": "active", "summary": "Arizona: HB 2756 protects retail electricity customers from data center grid connection costs. Additional bills HB 2795 (preempts counties from preventing SMR construction near data centers) also advanced. Several other proposals (HB 2452, HB 4009, HB 2457) were killed or failed. The outcome remains pending. The community's stated objective was to require data centers to fund grid upgrades via HB 2756. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: Companion HB 2795 (SMR preemption) failed the Senate April 8 (a win on that piece), while HB 2756 (ratepayer protection) was still advancing; AZ's session ran into a late-May/June budget fight, so HB 2756's final signature/veto could not be confirmed. FLAG for re-check.", "sources": [ "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/3/3/local-government-data-center-oversight-becomes-flashpoint-in-state-capitols", "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/2/20/state-data-center-legislation-in-2026-tackles-energy-and-tax-issues", "https://www.azce.org/news/arizona-utilities-push-14-rate-hikes-as-data-centers-drive-soaring-energy-demand", { "url": "https://fastdemocracy.com/bill-search/az/57th-2nd-regular/bills/AZB00020922/", "title": "AZ HB 2795/2756 bill history" } ], "bill_name": "HB 2756", "bill_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/legtext/57leg/2R/bills/HB2756P.pdf", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "lat": 33.4484, "lng": -112.074, "opposition_groups": [], "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require data centers to fund grid upgrades via HB 2756", "community_outcome": "mixed", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Gail Griffin (R-AZ)", "Rep. Walter Blackman (R-AZ)" ] }, { "id": "kentucky-statewide-hb-544-ky-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Kentucky (statewide)", "state": "KY", "county": null, "lat": 38.194700000000005, "lng": -84.8673, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "died-sine-die", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "HB 544", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Kentucky: Prohibits utilities from serving data centers with 100+ MW aggregate contract capacity unless the Public Service Commission approves a specific tariff with minimum requirements including contract durations, early termination fees, load ramp terms, and financial assurances. Key concerns driving this action include ratepayer cost concerns. The outcome remains pending. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: Kentucky adjourned sine die Apr 15, 2026; HB 544 (Ratepayer Protection Act) did not pass and its data center language was stripped from SB 197 on the final day.", "sources": [ "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/record/26rs/HB544.html", "https://www.lpm.org/news/2026-02-12/gop-bill-seeks-guardrails-for-new-data-centers-to-pay-their-own-way-in-kentucky", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/kentucky-house-proposes-new-rate-class-for-large-load-data-centers/", { "url": "https://www.lpm.org/news/2026-04-15/kentucky-data-center-regulations-stripped-from-bill-as-legislative-session-closes", "title": "KY data center regulations stripped at session close" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 544", "bill_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/record/26rs/HB544.html", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "contract_guarantees", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Commission legislative study on data center impacts in KY", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Adam Moore (R-KY)", "Rep. William Lawrence (R-KY)" ] }, { "id": "citrus-county-lecanto-fl-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Citrus County (Lecanto)", "state": "FL", "county": "Citrus County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 28.8436, "lng": -82.4879, "date": "2026-05-26", "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "moratorium passed", "scope": "local", "company": "Deltona Corp", "acreage": 813, "summary": "In Citrus County, Florida, Deltona Corp proposed an 813-acre AI data center near CR 491 and Tram Road in Lecanto. The Planning & Development Commission voted 4-3 to postpone any decision. Nearly 200 residents packed meetings to challenge heavy industrial rezoning of the site. County commissioners are exploring new guidelines before any data center approvals. May 12, 2026: County Commission voted unanimously to direct staff to draft a moratorium (up to 12 months) on permits, development orders, and rezonings, triggered by Deltona Corporation filings for 800+ acres at Holder Industrial Park. RESOLVED May 26, 2026: Citrus County commissioners unanimously approved a one-year freeze on rezoning applications that could enable AI data centers, after dozens of residents spoke against the Deltona proposal citing energy, water, and e-waste concerns. The county will study the issue during the pause.", "opposition_groups": [ "Citrus County residents" ], "sources": [ "https://www.chronicleonline.com/news/local/data-center-debate-heads-to-planning-board/article_c998935f-03bb-5f47-8592-bc118bb1cdcd.html", "https://www.fox13news.com/news/citrus-county-residents-commissioners-battle-over-potential-data-center-holder", "https://www.wusf.org/environment/2026-02-16/proposals-massive-data-centers-across-florida-are-local-governments-prepared", "https://www.tampabay.com/news/business/2026/02/26/florida-data-center-desantis-amazon-meta-ai-chatgpt-citrus-polk/", "https://www.chronicleonline.com/news/local/county-backs-pause-on-data-centers-temporary-moratorium-gives-county-time-to-gather-information/article_98795fb9-6580-5f53-97a3-10a3b68b6711.html", { "url": "https://www.fox13news.com/news/citrus-county-commission-approves-freeze-ai-data-center-rezoning-applications.amp", "title": "Citrus County approves freeze on AI data center rezoning" } ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-28", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning", "anti_ai" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Block Deltona Corp rezoning of 813 acres in Citrus County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "saugatuck-township-mi-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Saugatuck Township", "state": "MI", "county": "Allegan County", "lat": 42.636, "lng": -86.201, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Economic Development Responsibility Alliance of Michigan" ], "opposition_website": "https://edraofmi.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/edraofmi", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Saugatuck Township in Allegan County placed a moratorium on data center development in February 2026, part of a wave of at least 27 Michigan communities enacting temporary pauses. The moratorium allows the planning commission to focus on finalizing zoning regulations for large-scale energy projects before any local permitting could begin. At the state level, bipartisan legislation was also introduced to halt new data center approvals statewide until April 2027.", "sources": [ "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://bridgemi.com/michigan-environment-watch/at-least-19-michigan-towns-pause-data-centers-no-one-knows-if-itll-work/" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Pause data centers in Saugatuck Township pending regulations", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_facebook_members": 163 }, { "id": "illinois-sb-4004-il-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Illinois (SB 4004)", "state": "IL", "county": null, "lat": 39.798, "lng": -89.654, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "dead", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In Illinois, SB 4004 would permanently ban data centers from using Mahomet Aquifer groundwater, The sole-source drinking water for ~1 million people across 14 counties. Also prohibits local governments from entering NDAs with data center companies and requires transparency in water usage. The outcome remains pending. The community's stated objective was to ban data center development NDAs in IL. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: SB 4004 (Mahomet Aquifer ban) was re-referred to Senate Assignments May 22, 2026 with no floor vote; dead for the session (ends May 31).", "sources": [ "https://www.wcia.com/news/champaign-county/new-package-of-energy-bills-would-impose-moratorium-on-data-centers-built-on-mahomet-aquifer/", "https://www.news-gazette.com/business/ammons-rose-tout-bills-on-data-centers-and-energy/article_33da2629-19fb-4b76-9814-5f0ff4183205.html", "https://ipmnewsroom.org/illinois-democrats-republicans-introduce-competing-packages-regulate-data-centers-concerns-over-power-and-water-usage/", "https://www.centralillinoisproud.com/news/national/new-package-of-energy-bills-would-impose-moratorium-on-data-centers-built-on-mahomet-aquifer/", { "url": "https://ilga.gov/Legislation/BillStatus?DocTypeID=SB&DocNum=4004&GAID=18&SessionID=114&LegID=167531", "title": "IL SB 4004 status" } ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "SB 4004", "bill_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/BillStatus.asp?DocNum=4004&GAID=18&DocTypeID=SB&SessionID=114&GA=104", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Ban data center development NDAs in IL", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Chapin Rose (R-IL)" ] }, { "id": "montgomery-county-md-2026-02-02", "jurisdiction": "Montgomery County", "state": "MD", "county": "Montgomery County", "lat": 39.1547, "lng": -77.2405, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-02", "status": "active", "company": "Atmosphere Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Dickerson Data Center Campus", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 170, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 69300, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sugarloaf Citizens Association", "Food & Water Watch", "Elders Climate Action Maryland" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/sugarloafcitizens", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Montgomery County, Maryland, enacted a moratorium on new data center development through the end of 2026, prompted by Atmosphere Data Centers' proposed 300MW complex on 170 acres in Dickerson. The zoning text amendment ZTA 26-01 is advancing through the process to make data centers a conditional use only in industrial zones, requiring 500-foot setbacks and other conditions. The Dickerson project is exempt from the moratorium. Public hearing held Feb. 24, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/02/24/md-advocates-residents-call-for-data-center-moratorium-at-town-hall/", "https://www.thebanner.com/economy/growth-development/montgomery-county-data-centers-elrich-moratorium-regulations-GIJORCK4OJHZ7P3QCWFDB75HLE/", "https://wtop.com/montgomery-county/2026/02/coming-at-us-way-too-fast-public-comment-on-data-centers-in-montgomery-county/", "https://bethesdamagazine.com/2026/02/17/planning-advances-moco-data-center-debate-zta/", "https://bethesdamagazine.com/2026/02/25/dickerson-data-center-developers-have-right-to-go-forward-elrich-says/", "https://atmosphere-dc.com/data-centers/dickerson-md/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Require use permit for Atmosphere Data Centers data center in Montgomery County", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_facebook_members": 592 }, { "id": "baltimore-county-md-2026-02-02", "jurisdiction": "Baltimore County", "state": "MD", "county": "Baltimore County", "lat": 39.401, "lng": -76.6065, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-02", "status": "active", "company": "Security Land and Development LP", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 150, "acreage": 42, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop MPRP" ], "opposition_website": "https://stopmprp.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Baltimore County, Maryland, Council unanimously passed a moratorium temporarily freezing data center development through January 1, 2027, blocking permits until the Planning Board studies potential environmental and economic impacts. The action was prompted by Security Land and Development LP's proposal for a 150MW data center on 42 acres. The unanimous vote underscored bipartisan concern about unregulated data center growth in the county.", "sources": [ "https://www.thebanner.com/economy/growth-development/baltimore-county-data-center-moratorium-EVIJFJDL5VGCDNC22K52NQBMGI/", "https://www.bayjournal.com/news/energy/maryland-counties-to-data-center-industry-slow-down/article_c8362372-9a29-4ef9-925a-c81840390a95.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/150mw-data-center-proposed-for-baltimore-county-maryland/", "https://patch.com/maryland/towson/woodlawn-data-center-proposal-meets-pushback-over-power-water-concerns", "https://foxbaltimore.com/news/local/data-centers-energy-woodlawn-baltimore-county-maryland" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Halt data centers in Baltimore County after Security Land and Development proposal", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "maumee-oh-2026-02-02", "jurisdiction": "Maumee", "state": "OH", "county": "Lucas County", "lat": 41.5628, "lng": -83.6538, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-02", "status": "active", "company": "Meta (nearby Middleton Township project triggered area moratoriums)", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 800, "megawatts": 350, "acreage": 280, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition Against Data Centers in South Ohio", "AW-CRAP" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/coalitionagainstdatacenters", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-from-being-built-in-maumee-monclova-waterville-whitehouse-areas", "petition_signatures": 1613, "summary": "Maumee City Council approved a 12-month moratorium on Feb. 2, 2026, joining the wave of northwest Ohio communities responding to Meta's $800M data center in nearby Middleton Township. Around 18 municipalities across the region have considered or enacted similar pauses. The Meta (nearby Middleton Township project triggered area moratoriums) project involves a 350 MW capacity, 280 acres. Opposition was led by Coalition Against Data Centers in South Ohio and AW-CRAP. A petition gathered 1,613 signatures.", "sources": [ "https://www.toledoblade.com/local/suburbs/2026/02/03/maumee-becomes-latest-northwest-ohio-community-to-pass-data-center-moratorium/stories/20260203114", "https://www.13abc.com/2026/02/19/northwest-ohio-communities-grapple-with-data-center-developments-possible-plans/", "https://www.statenews.org/section/the-ohio-newsroom/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-from-being-built-in-maumee-monclova-waterville-whitehouse-areas" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 12-month data centers moratorium in Maumee (Meta)", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "ashville-pickaway-county-oh-2026-02-02", "jurisdiction": "Ashville (Pickaway County)", "state": "OH", "county": "Pickaway County", "lat": 39.72, "lng": -82.95, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-02", "status": "passed", "company": "EdgeConneX", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 10000, "megawatts": 1800, "acreage": 680, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 50000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Pickaway Alliance" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Ashville, Ohio, Village Council voted 4-2 to deny EdgeConneX's annexation request for a 490-acre parcel needed for a $10 billion, 680-acre, 1.8GW data center campus about 17 miles south of Columbus. EdgeConneX already owns the adjacent 200-acre parcel and planned 18 major structures including a 1.8GW substation. The village had previously passed a 180-day emergency moratorium on data centers on Dec. 20, 2025. Opposition was fierce since residents became aware of the project in November 2025. The company may still build on the smaller 200-acre site.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/local-authorities-in-ashville-ohio-deny-annexation-request-for-data-center-project/", "https://614now.com/2026/hot-topics/proposed-680-acre-data-center-in-central-ohio-denied-by-local-authorities-after-concerned-residents-push-back", "https://www.nbc4i.com/news/local-news/pickaway-county/after-public-pushback-pickaway-county-village-enacts-data-center-pause/", "https://www.sciotopost.com/south-bloomfield-ashville-move-to-block-data-centers-as-pickaway-county-opposition-grows/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/proposed-edgeconnex-data-center-in-pickaway-county-ohio-facing-criticism/", "https://www.10tv.com/article/news/local/boomtown-ohio/ashville-residents-push-back-proposed-data-center-plans/530-485aa583-7c22-4665-88e4-4e902f093c65", "https://www.nbc4i.com/news/local-news/pickaway-county/amid-a-data-center-fight-pickaway-county-government-pushes-for-collaboration/", "https://www.sciotopost.com/south-bloomfield-mayor-launches-protect-pickaway-alliance-to-safeguard-rural-communities-and-local-control/", "https://www.circlevilleherald.com/comment/protect-pickaway-alliance-calls-meeting-for-sunday/article_978ce97d-f7d1-4119-80ad-2befa2b5a22b.html" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": "Deny EdgeConneX 1800MW data center permit in Ashville", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "lenox-township-mi-2026-02-02", "jurisdiction": "Lenox Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.766, "lng": -82.9, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-02", "summary": "Lenox Township Board of Trustees adopted a 4-month moratorium on new data center development effective February 2, 2026, with the option for one additional 4-month extension. The moratorium gives the township time to review zoning, infrastructure capacity, utility demands, and land use impacts. The township emphasized that under Michigan law, municipalities cannot use zoning or moratoria to permanently block lawful development (exclusionary zoning).", "sources": [ "http://www.lenox-mi.gov/m/newsflash?cat=7", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18937, "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county": "Macomb County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 4-month data centers moratorium in Lenox Township", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "hancock-county-hawesville-ky-2026-02-02", "jurisdiction": "Hancock County (Hawesville)", "state": "KY", "lat": 37.9001, "lng": -86.755, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-02", "summary": "In Hancock County, Kentucky, Change.org petition with 1,052 signatures voicing concerns about TeraWulf's data center at the former Century Aluminum smelter site in Hawesville. TeraWulf (via Justified DataPower LLC) purchased the 750-acre site for $200 million and plans to invest $3-4 billion to build a 'clean digital infrastructure' campus with 480 MW of existing power availability. Phase 1 targeted for late 2027. The Kentucky Conservation Committee (led by Lane Boldman) has voiced opposition, calling it a 'missed opportunity for clean aluminum manufacturing.' Kentucky House Bill 544 (Ratepayer Protection Act) was proposed in response. Community concerns include electricity rate increases and limited permanent employment (~100 jobs).", "sources": [ "https://spectrumnews1.com/ky/louisville/news/2026/02/14/ai-database-hawesville", "https://investors.terawulf.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/129/terawulf-expands-digital-and-power-infrastructure-portfolio", "https://www.lpm.org/2026-02-04/data-center-developer-purchases-former-western-kentucky-aluminum-smelter", "https://www.messenger-inquirer.com/hancock-county-residents-question-ai-data-centers-officials-at-town-meeting/article_4dbf68c0-acb8-5d52-9f24-aa42f423f547.html" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Kentucky Conservation Committee" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "company": "TeraWulf", "megawatts": 480, "investment_million_usd": 4000, "petition_signatures": 1082, "scope": "local", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/put-hancock-county-first-pause-the-hawesville-data-center-project", "county": "Hancock County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Shield residential ratepayers from data center costs in KY", "community_outcome": "pending", "acreage": 750, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified. Spectrum News source (working) confirms all hard figures: 750-acre brownfield site, $200M cash purchase by Justified DataPower LLC (TeraWulf affiliate, via Raylan Data Holdings", "added": "2026-06-21" } ] }, { "id": "city-of-mason-mi-2026-02-03", "jurisdiction": "City of Mason", "state": "MI", "county": "Ingham County", "lat": 42.5792, "lng": -84.4436, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-03", "status": "resolved", "company": "Undisclosed hyperscale developer", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Mason Data Center Facts" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 700, "summary": "In City of Mason, Michigan, residents submitted a referendum petition with 700+ signatures against Ordinance 266 (M-3 Technology Innovation zoning district). On March 16, 2026, Mason City Council voted 4-2 to repeal the ordinance rather than send it to voters. The council said the city would work with residents on alternative restrictions. Mayor Whipple and a council member face potential recall over data center votes (reported April 2, 2026). The referendum effort effectively killed the hyperscale-friendly zoning.", "sources": [ "https://www.fox47news.com/news/state/mason-city-council-votes-to-repeal-data-center-ordinance-leaving-citys-future-regulation-unclear", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/mason-city-michigan-repeals-data-center-ordinance-to-strengthen-regulation-ahead-of-potential-project/", "https://www.wkar.org/michigans-data-center-divide/2026-03-03/effort-to-hold-referendum-on-mason-data-center-ordinance-now-in-front-of-city-council", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-13/mason-data-center-referendum-signature-drive-enters-final-weekend", "https://eu.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/michigan/2026/04/02/mason-mayor-whipple-council-woman-ferris-face-possible-recall-data-center-votes/89435998007/", "https://masondatacenterfacts.org/", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-03/mason-passes-new-rules-for-data-centers-over-public-outcry" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-20", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Force public referendum on data center in City of Mason", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "village-of-deforest-wi-2026-02-03", "jurisdiction": "Village of DeForest", "state": "WI", "county": "Dane County", "lat": 43.2478, "lng": -89.3437, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-03", "status": "defeated", "company": "QTS Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 12000, "megawatts": 1600, "acreage": 1600, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "No Data Center in DeForest" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.nodatacenterdeforest.com/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1140996281561878", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In the Village of DeForest, Wisconsin, QTS Data Centers proposed a $12B project involving five data center buildings on nearly 1,600 acres of farmland in the Town of Vienna. The 'No Data Center in DeForest' group mobilized rapidly, gaining 4,000+ Facebook followers in a village of 10,000. They printed yard signs, created an online community, and voiced opposition at numerous town and village board meetings. The DeForest Village Board voted unanimously on Feb. 3, 2026 to reject the annexation. QTS formally withdrew its application.", "sources": [ "https://isthmus.com/news/news/deforest-announces-no-data-center/", "https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/01/deforest-wisconsin-data-center-project-village-board-government/", "https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/01/28/deforest--data-center--qts--village-board--rejection", "https://www.wpr.org/energy/deforest-wont-move-forward-data-center", "https://www.dailycardinal.com/article/2026/01/deforest-residents-organize-to-stop-proposed-data-center-after-emails-go-public", "https://captimes.com/news/government/finally-able-to-breathe-deforest-data-center-critics-get-their-wish/article_f2959453-4dbc-4341-a81c-7b4c00114131.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/qts-drops-plan-for-data-center-near-madison-wisconsin-amid-opposition-from-local-officials/", "https://www.wxow.com/news/wisconsin-news/no-data-center-in-deforest-public-forum-unites-residents-after-data-center-plans-halted/article_079b3d08-e758-5a91-a47f-9b98ece72341.html", "https://constructionreviewonline.com/qts-data-centers-announces-its-plans-for-12-billion-data-center-project-in-deforest-wisconsin/", "https://qtsdatacenters.com/news/qts-advances-plans-for-state-of-the-art-data-center-campus-and-announces-50-million-community-commitment-for-dane-county/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "opposition_facebook_members": 4200, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": 12000000000, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": "Deny QTS Data Centers 1600MW data center permit in Village of DeForest", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "kuna-id-2026-02-03", "jurisdiction": "Kuna", "state": "ID", "county": "Ada County", "lat": 43.4918, "lng": -116.4199, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-02-03", "status": "active", "company": "Diode Ventures", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Gemstone Technology Park", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 800, "acreage": 620, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 100, "opposition_groups": [ "Kuna farmers", "Kuna area farmers (lawsuit plaintiffs)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Layne Thornton and Toledo Dairy filed a petition for judicial review against the City of Kuna in August 2025 over the city's 3-2 approval (Mayor Joe Stear breaking the tie) of a 620-acre data center proposed by Kansas-based Diode Ventures on farmland owned by Duane Yamamoto near Locust Grove and Barker Roads. Petitioners argue Council Member Greg McPherson had a conflict of interest — he was employed by Thornton at the time of the vote and Thornton's property borders Yamamoto's for more than a mile. Yamamoto and Gemstone Technology Park LLC filed to intervene defending McPherson. No hearing scheduled as of the Feb 10, 2026 BoiseDev report.", "sources": [ "https://boisedev.com/news/2026/02/03/data-center-suit/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/diode-ventures-plans-620-acre-data-center-park-in-kuna-idaho/", "https://boisedev.com/news/2025/01/29/diode-ventures-kuna-data-center/", "https://www.ktvb.com/article/news/local/kuna-community-reacts-new-data-center-approval/277-3785f039-7a80-405d-9dc9-988037c89174", "https://boisedev.com/news/2025/04/03/kuna-data-center-diode-ventures/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "farmland", "grid_energy", "traffic", "water", "zoning", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge Diode Ventures rezoning in Kuna in court", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "sterling-heights-mi-2026-02-03", "jurisdiction": "Sterling Heights", "state": "MI", "county": "Macomb County", "lat": 42.5803, "lng": -83.0302, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-03", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18791, "summary": "The Sterling Heights City Council unanimously voted to impose a one-year moratorium on any new data centers proposed in the city. Officials noted that the city's zoning restrictions, written in 1978, do not reflect modern computing infrastructure. The pause allows the planning and legal departments to study and develop new zoning regulations. Sterling Heights is part of a broader wave across southeast Michigan, where at least 27 communities now have active data center moratoria.", "sources": [ "https://eu.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/macomb-county/2026/02/03/sterling-heights-passes-moratorium-on-data-centers/88493407007/", "https://www.wxyz.com/news/data-centers/sterling-heights-city-council-approves-moratorium-on-data-centers", "https://www.cbsnews.com/detroit/news/sterling-heights-passes-1-year-moratorium-on-data-center-site-requests/", "https://hoodline.com/2026/02/sterling-heights-city-council-enacts-one-year-moratorium-on-data-center-development-amid-zoning-ordinance-review/", "https://www.cbsnews.com/amp/detroit/news/sterling-heights-passes-1-year-moratorium-on-data-center-site-requests/", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Propose data centers moratorium in Sterling Heights", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "lodi-township-mi-2026-02-03", "jurisdiction": "Lodi Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.241, "lng": -83.852, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-03", "summary": "Lodi Township (Washtenaw County) enacted a 180-day moratorium on data center development on February 3, 2026, joining a sweeping wave of at least 27 Michigan communities now pausing data center proposals while drafting local zoning rules. The township is near other Washtenaw County communities voicing concerns about data centers, including Saline, Pittsfield Township, and York Township. Residents across the region have raised concerns that data centers' massive water and energy demands could spike ratepayer costs and jeopardize the state's climate goals.", "sources": [ "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18791, "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county": "Washtenaw County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in Lodi Township", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "covington-township-lackawanna-county-pa-2025-04-28", "jurisdiction": "Covington Township (Lackawanna County)", "state": "PA", "lat": 41.327, "lng": -75.529, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-03", "summary": "1778 Rich Pike LLC / Quantm Group plans 'Project Gouldsboro,' a $14.25 billion, 35-building, 1.5GW data center campus across Clifton and Covington townships on nearly 1,000 acres. Clifton Township supervisors approved a settlement with the developer in January 2026, but County Court of Common Pleas Judge Mark Powell vacated the settlement on January 30, 2026, ruling it had excluded the township's zoning hearing board. Covington Township supervisors voted to add data centers to its zoning, hearing extensive resident concerns about water resource impacts. A Change.org petition with about 2,200 signatures demands local authorities reconsider and halt the rezoning. Residents fear the project will negatively impact water resources across Northeast Pennsylvania.", "sources": [ "https://nodatacenter.net/", "https://www.savepennsylvania.com/petitions", "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2026-01-28/lackawanna-county-judge-holds-hearing-on-clifton-twp-data-center-settlement-challenges", "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2026-02-04/data-centers-residents-fear-negative-impacts-on-water-resources-as-data-centers-are-proposed-across-northeast-pa", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03032026/pennsylvania-data-center-resistance/", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2026/02/03/judge-tosses-settlement-between-clifton-twp-data-center-developer/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "No Data Center Clifton/Covington TWPs", "Save Pennsylvania (NCDC)", "PennFuture", "Pocono Heritage Land Trust" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "company": "1778 Rich Pike LLC / Quantm Group", "megawatts": 1500, "petition_signatures": 2087, "opposition_website": "https://www.savepennsylvania.com/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61581874283127", "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/savepennsylvania", "investment_million_usd": 14250, "acreage": 1000, "jobs_promised": 500, "scope": "local", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-construction-in-lackawanna-county", "county": "Lackawanna County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Halt 1778 Rich Pike / Quantm Group's 35-building, 1.5GW data center on 1,000 acres in Covington Township", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "new-castle-county-de-2026-02-04", "jurisdiction": "New Castle County", "state": "DE", "county": "New Castle County", "lat": 39.5776, "lng": -75.7502, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-04", "status": "active", "company": "Starwood Digital Ventures", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Washington", "investment_million_usd": 10000, "megawatts": 1200, "acreage": 580, "building_sq_ft": 6000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 700, "opposition_groups": [ "DE-CLEAR (Delaware Data Center Coalition for Local, Environmental, and Accountable Regulation)", "Delaware Sierra Club", "DE-CLEAR", "Sierra Club Delaware Chapter" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In New Castle County, Delaware, Starwood Digital Ventures proposed 'Project Washington,' a $10 billion, 1.2GW datacenter on 580 acres near Delaware City. The facility would consume as much power as approximately 1 million homes, nearly twice all housing units in Delaware. Consumer advocates predict power bills could rise $70/month. Delaware's DNREC denied the Coastal Zone permit, ruling the project is 'heavy industry not compatible with the Coastal Zone.' Starwood is appealing. Dozens of residents pushed back at a tense town hall. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://spotlightdelaware.org/2026/03/26/delaware-city-data-center-environmental-denial-upheld-by-state-board/.]", "sources": [ "https://www.delawarepublic.org/science-health-tech/2026-02-25/starwood-appeals-denial-of-permit-for-data-center-in-ncc", "https://delawarebusinesstimes.com/news/new-castle-data-center-campus/", "https://www.sierraclub.org/delaware/data-centers", "https://delawarebusinesstimes.com/news/starwood-appeals-coastal-zone-permit-denial/", "https://www.delawarepublic.org/show/the-green/2025-10-24/as-delaware-mulls-plans-for-massive-data-center-worries-persist-over-electric-rates", "https://spotlightdelaware.org/2025/07/20/proposed-delaware-data-center-energy/", "https://spotlightdelaware.org/2026/02/25/delaware-city-data-center-developer-appeals-its-coastal-zone-denial/", "https://whyy.org/articles/data-center-delaware-city-energy-water/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/starwood-files-to-develop-12gw-11-building-data-center-campus-in-delaware/", "https://whyy.org/articles/delaware-city-data-center-setback-environment/", "https://www.delawarepublic.org/politics-government/2026-02-04/dnrec-says-planned-data-center-near-delaware-city-prohibited-under-coastal-zone-act", "https://www.sierraclub.org/delaware/proposed-data-center-projects", "https://spotlightdelaware.org/2025/08/05/plans-for-de-data-center-submitted-starting-the-clock-on-the-controversial-proposal/", "https://spotlightdelaware.org/2026/02/04/delaware-city-data-center-faces-major-setback-after-environmental-denial/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Uphold denial of Starwood Digital Ventures data center on appeal", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "columbia-county-ga-2026-02-04", "jurisdiction": "Columbia County", "state": "GA", "county": "Columbia County", "lat": 33.544, "lng": -82.2268, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-02-04", "status": "active", "company": "Trammell Crow Company (White Oak), Pumpkin Technology Campus developer (unnamed)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "White Oak / Pumpkin Center", "investment_million_usd": 11600, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 1945, "building_sq_ft": 8000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 6598000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens for Open Governance, Columbia County Georgia", "Citizens for Open Governance", "Columbia County residents" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.gacolumbiacountyobserver.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/halt-the-construction-of-the-meta-data-center-in-appling-ga", "petition_signatures": 2238, "summary": "Harlem resident Gregory P. Guido Jr. filed two judicial review petitions in Columbia County Superior Court challenging the Board of Commissioners' approval of data center rezoning for projects totaling an estimated $11.6 billion across 1,945 acres. The first case targets the White Oak Business Park project by Trammell Crow Company; the second targets the Pumpkin Technology Campus. Petitions allege: commissioners approved rezonings without verified water or sewer capacity analysis, relied on an outdated June 2025 traffic study, and failed to provide meaningful notice to the School District. Cases were filed under Georgia's new judicial review code which places burden of proof on the petitioner. Commissioners had earlier rejected a third data center proposal (Appling-Harlem Road) in a 3-2 vote. Both Guido lawsuits were dismissed on March 19, 2026; Guido filed appeals around April 16, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://augustaceo.com/news/2026/02/citizen-files-lawsuits-over-columbia-county-data-centers/", "https://augustatoday.com/2025/04/11/plans-filed-for-massive-8-million-square-foot-data-hub-near-augusta/", "https://baxtel.com/data-center/trammel-crow-white-oak-tech-park", "https://finance.yahoo.com/news/high-tech-developer-proposes-8-100409179.html", "https://hotaugusta.com/2025/10/22/appling-residents-protest-secretive-data-center-plans-amid-rapid-expansion-fears/", "https://theaugustapress.com/columbia-county-observer-investigates-the-proposed-data-center/", "https://theaugustapress.com/harlem-citizen-follows-legal-action-over-quarry-with-two-more-lawsuits-about-columbia-county-data-center-projects/", "https://www.change.org/p/halt-the-construction-of-columbia-county-data-centers-quarry", "https://www.change.org/p/halt-the-construction-of-the-meta-data-center-in-appling-ga", "https://www.change.org/p/petition-from-csra-residents", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/plans-filed-for-8-million-sq-ft-data-center-and-technology-park-outside-augusta-georgia/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/three-proposals-for-data-centers-in-columbia-county-georgia-meet-stiff-opposition/", "https://www.govtech.com/products/residents-sue-georgia-county-over-data-center-plans", "https://www.wabe.org/data-centers-use-a-lot-of-water-georgia-counties-and-conservationists-are-looking-for-solutions/", "https://www.wjbf.com/news/col-co-approves-white-oak-technology-and-pumpkin-center-data-centers-votes-no-on-byrd-farm/", "https://www.wjbf.com/news/ive-honestly-been-feeling-a-lot-of-grief-pushback-grows-after-col-co-board-of-commissioners-approve-two-data-centers/", "https://www.wrdw.com/2025/11/17/columbia-county-leaders-hold-hearing-proposed-data-center/", "https://www.wrdw.com/2026/02/04/columbia-co-passes-one-data-center-others-be-voted/", "https://www.wrdw.com/2026/02/26/citizen-files-lawsuits-over-columbia-county-data-centers/", "https://www.wsbtv.com/news/local/data-centers-water-secrets-companies-using-ndas-hide-water-usage-georgia/ESYQS4GRDVAM7A6EJUQKGXTPWY/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "traffic", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge Trammell Crow Company rezoning in Columbia County in court", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "Merged duplicate entry 'columbia-county-lawsuit-ga-2026-02-25' into this entry during validation (sources combined).", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "mt-orab-oh-2026-02-04", "jurisdiction": "Mt. Orab", "state": "OH", "county": "Brown County", "lat": 39.0253, "lng": -83.9188, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-04", "status": "pending", "company": "DB STU LLC (identity undisclosed; represented by Vorys, Sater, Seymour and Pease LLP)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Mt. Orab Mega Site", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 2000, "acreage": 1000, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Mt. Orab Residents for Responsible Development" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/call-for-an-immediate-pause-and-public-reevaluation-of-large-scale-industrial-development", "petition_signatures": 1354, "summary": "In Mt. Orab, Ohio, Village Councilman Eric Lang introduced two ordinances for a 180-day data center moratorium amid community outcry over a mysterious 1,000-acre 'mega site' project requesting up to 2,000 MW. A Facebook group grew to 1,700+ members and nearly 1,000 residents signed a petition. Council members had signed NDAs about the project.", "sources": [ "https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/mt-orab-council-introduces-data-center-moratorium-amid-community-opposition-to-mysterious-mega-site-project", "https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/brown-county/mt-orab-residents-pack-gymnasium-demanding-transparency-on-mysterious-mega-site-project", "https://browncountypress.com/news/19073/breaking-news-purchase-and-sale-agreement-on-mt-orab-mega-site-lists-data-center-as-intended-use-for-property", "https://www.clermontsun.com/2026/02/04/mt-orab-council-member-takes-steps-to-stop-possible-data-center-construction", "https://www.newsdemocrat.com/2026/02/01/mt-orab-residents-seek-answers-on-mega-site/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-19", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in Mt. Orab (DB STU)", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "pike-township-indianapolis-withdrawal-in-2026-02-04", "jurisdiction": "Pike Township (Indianapolis withdrawal)", "state": "IN", "lat": 39.8634, "lng": -86.2309, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "cancelled", "date": "2026-02-02", "summary": "American Tower Corporation withdrew its rezoning petition for a proposed 20,000-square-foot data center near W. 79th Street and Township Line Road in Pike Township, Indianapolis, after sustained pushback from the community. The withdrawal has been confirmed as final. The project involves a 4 MW capacity, 20,000 square feet of building space. Opposition was led by Pike Township residents and Indianapolis environmental groups. Site address: 7701 Walnut Drive.", "sources": [ "https://www.axios.com/local/indianapolis/2026/02/04/pike-township-data-center-stalls-indiana-lawmakers-incentivize", "https://fox59.com/indiana-news/developer-withdraws-proposed-pike-township-data-center/", "https://www.wishtv.com/news/local-news/american-tower-rezoning-petition-withdrawn/", "https://mirrorindy.org/pike-township-data-center-petition-withdrawn/", "https://mirrorindy.org/pike-township-indianapolis-data-center-company-answers-questions/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/american-tower-pauses-plans-for-edge-data-center-in-indianapolis-indiana/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Pike Township residents", "Indianapolis environmental groups" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "company": "American Tower Corporation", "megawatts": 4, "acreage": 7, "building_sq_ft": 20000, "scope": "local", "county": "Marion County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "developer", "objective": "Block American Tower Corporation data center through opposition in Pike Township", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "connecticut-statewide-sb-245-ct-2026-02-04", "jurisdiction": "Connecticut (statewide)", "state": "CT", "county": null, "lat": 41.7658, "lng": -72.6734, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-04", "status": "died", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SB 245", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Connecticut SB245, 'An Act Eliminating Certain Tax Incentives For Data Centers,' would revoke the state's data center tax incentive program established in 2021, which allows DECD to enter into 20- or 30-year agreements providing sales, use, and property tax exemptions. The bill is part of a national trend, with more than 300 data center bills filed across 30+ states in the first six weeks of 2026 alone. It received a favorable change of reference to the Committee on Finance, Revenue and Bonding. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: SB 245 (repeal data center tax incentives) was never taken up; CT adjourned sine die May 6, 2026 (companion HB 5469 also failed).", "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/CT/bill/SB00245/2026", "https://www.wshu.org/connecticut-news/2026-02-27/ct-ai-data-centers-regulations", "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/2/20/state-data-center-legislation-in-2026-tackles-energy-and-tax-issues", { "url": "https://ctmirror.org/2026/05/11/ct-2026-bills-that-didnt-pass/", "title": "CT 2026 bills that did not pass" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 245", "bill_url": "https://legiscan.com/CT/bill/SB00245/2026", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Repeal data center tax exemptions in CT", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Joint Committee on Finance, Revenue and Bonding" ] }, { "id": "south-dakota-sb-232-sd-2026-02-04", "jurisdiction": "South Dakota (SB 232)", "state": "SD", "county": null, "lat": 44.368, "lng": -100.346, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-18", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Dakota Rural Action" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "SB 232 would have imposed a one-year moratorium on construction or expansion of hyperscale data centers in South Dakota. The Senate State Affairs Committee voted 5-3 to table the bill on February 18, 2026, with opponents arguing statewide moratoriums improperly limit local government authority. Instead, the legislature passed SB 135, which prohibits the state from limiting local governments' authority to regulate or ban data centers, shifting regulatory power to municipalities and counties.", "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/SD/bill/SB232/2026", "https://southdakotasearchlight.com/2026/02/18/data-center-restrictions-earn-lawmaker-endorsement-as-fight-continues-over-tax-incentives/", "https://www.kotaradio.com/2026/02/19/moratorium-on-hyperscale-data-centers-fails-after-confusing-series-of-votes/", "https://www.sdpb.org/politics/2026-02-19/committee-kills-data-center-moratorium-bill" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "SB 232", "bill_url": "https://legiscan.com/SD/bill/SB232/2026", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Enact statewide data center moratorium in SD", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Taffy Howard (R-SD)" ] }, { "id": "south-carolina-data-center-development-act-sc-2026-02-05", "jurisdiction": "South Carolina (Data Center Development Act)", "state": "SC", "lat": 34.0007, "lng": -81.0348, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "status": "pending", "date": "2026-02-05", "summary": "South Carolina S. 867, the 'Data Center Development Act', introduced January 29, 2026, is sponsored by Sens. Tom Davis (R-Beaufort, primary sponsor), Kimbrell, Garrett, Sutton, Walker, Blackmon, Turner, Zell, Kennedy, and Devine. The bill requires a state permit before a new data center can operate, and regulates permitted data centers on locations, water usage, infrastructure costs, and financial assurances. Sen. Davis described it as a 'middle ground' approach. Separately, H4583, the 'South Carolina Data Center Responsibility Act', is sponsored by Reps. April Cromer (R-Anderson), Gilreath, Oremus, Chumley, White, Reese, and Atkinson. Additional related bills include S. 724 (commercial data center water usage reporting) and S. 3401 (technology transparency). A gigawatt-scale data center proposal in the Lowcountry drew significant opposition from local residents and a bipartisan group of legislators representing Colleton County. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: Did not advance before South Carolina's regular session adjourned May 14, 2026 (carryover possible in the 2-year biennium). The SC Senate did pass budget provisos requiring annual data center water-use reporting ($10k/day penalty) and an economic-incentive moratorium.", "sources": [ "https://www.fitsnews.com/2026/01/30/fitsforum-data-center-development-act-is-a-balanced-path-forward/", "https://www.postandcourier.com/politics/south-carolina-data-centers-legislature-davis/article_83ddab2d-20d2-40e7-9688-04e37b27556f.html", "https://www.sceta.io/", "https://www.scpolicycouncil.org/a_trio_of_data_center_bills_filed_in_the_senate", "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/sess126_2025-2026/bills/4583.htm", "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/sess126_2025-2026/bills/867.htm", "https://www.wfae.org/politics/2026-02-23/south-carolina-lawmakers-weigh-guardrails-on-data-center-growth", "https://www.wistv.com/2026/02/06/south-carolina-lawmakers-weigh-new-regulations-growing-data-center-industry/", "https://www.wrhi.com/2026/02/debate-intensifies-over-proposed-data-center-development-act-in-south-carolina-210161" ], "opposition_groups": [ "South Carolina Emerging Technologies Association (supportive)" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "opposition_website": "https://www.sceta.io/", "county": "Richland County", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "S 867 - Data Center Development Act", "bill_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/sess126_2025-2026/bills/867.htm", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "contract_guarantees", "design_standards", "grid_energy", "noise", "ratepayer", "transparency", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Mandate data center water usage disclosure in SC", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Tom Davis (R-SC)", "Sen. Kimbrell (R-SC)", "Sen. Garrett (R-SC)", "Sen. Sutton (D-SC)", "Sen. Walker (R-SC)", "Sen. Blackmon (R-SC)", "Sen. Turner (R-SC)", "Sen. Zell (R-SC)", "Sen. Kennedy (R-SC)", "Sen. Devine (R-SC)" ] }, { "id": "colleton-county-ace-basin-lawsuit-sc-2026-02-05", "jurisdiction": "Colleton County (ACE Basin lawsuit)", "state": "SC", "lat": 32.8443, "lng": -80.6432, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-05", "summary": "Landowners Miles Crosby and Jennifer Singleton sued Colleton County, South Carolina, challenging a new zoning ordinance allowing 'special exception' approval for data centers in rural areas. EagleRock Partners applied under the new rule to build a $6 billion, 859-acre, 1,000MW data center complex near the ACE Basin, one of the largest protected coastal ecosystems on the East Coast. Seven state legislators from both parties signed a bipartisan proclamation voicing concerns about the project. Southern Environmental Law Center is representing the plaintiffs. EagleRock Partners has been told it must reapply for the special exception through the Colleton County Zoning Board of Appeals (reapplication not yet filed as of April 2026).", "sources": [ "https://www.live5news.com/2026/01/09/landowners-sue-colleton-county-over-data-center-ordinance/", "https://scdailygazette.com/2026/02/05/sc-legislators-denounce-lowcountry-data-center-while-mulling-regulations-for-the-industry/", "https://www.selc.org/press-release/landowners-sue-colleton-county-over-data-center-ordinance/", "https://www.selc.org/news/were-suing-to-protect-one-of-the-most-important-conservation-areas-in-the-south-from-data-centers/", "https://www.postandcourier.com/rising-waters/data-center-secrecy-water-power-electric-colleton-county/article_5434700a-6506-4115-980f-51cf7440b5fb.html", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-data-center-from-coming-to-walterboro-sc", "https://www.live5news.com/2026/02/05/colleton-county-lawmakers-oppose-proposed-data-center-ace-basin/", "https://scdailygazette.com/2025/12/19/gigawatt-data-center-proposal-draws-opposition-from-sc-lowcountry-residents-politicians/", "https://abcnews4.com/news/local/colleton-county-residents-file-lawsuit-challenging-zoning-ordinance-for-new-data-center-ace-basin", "https://www.live5news.com/2025/12/15/9-new-data-centers-proposed-colleton-county/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Southern Environmental Law Center", "Southern Environmental Law Center (SELC)", "Coastal Conservation League" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-19", "company": "EagleRock Partners", "megawatts": 1000, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-data-center-from-coming-to-walterboro-sc", "petition_signatures": 7570, "investment_million_usd": 6000, "acreage": 859, "jobs_promised": 450, "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": "https://instagram.com/conservationleague", "opposition_twitter": "https://twitter.com/scccl", "scope": "local", "county": "Colleton County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "tax_incentive", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge Colleton County zoning ordinance enabling EagleRock Partners' 859-acre, 1,000MW data center near ACE Basin", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "alabama-statewide-sb-270-al-2026-02-05", "jurisdiction": "Alabama (statewide SB 270)", "state": "AL", "lat": 32.3792, "lng": -86.3077, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2026-02-05", "summary": "Alabama Senate Bill 270 (Alabama Affordability Protection Act), sponsored by Sen. Lance Bell, requires the Public Service Commission to review contracts between utilities and data centers using 150+ MW to ensure costs are not passed to residential ratepayers. Requires data centers to pay full cost of grid infrastructure upgrades. Passed unanimously by both chambers (Senate 30-0, House 100-1). Governor Kay Ivey signed SB 270 into law on April 10, 2026. Senate concurred 33-0 after House amendments.", "sources": [ "https://aldailynews.com/lawmakers-aim-to-address-affordability-with-restrictions-on-power-providers-changes-to-utility-governance/", "https://www.wbrc.com/2026/02/05/alabama-senate-bills-target-data-center-incentives-utility-regulation/", "https://www.alreporter.com/2026/03/13/alabama-senate-passes-bill-to-rein-in-data-center-tax-incentives/", "https://alabamareflector.com/2026/03/13/what-passed-in-the-alabama-legislature-march-10-12-2026/", "https://alabamareflector.com/2026/04/10/what-passed-in-the-alabama-legislature-april-7-9-2026/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/10042026/alabama-legislature-adjourns/", "https://alabamareflector.com/briefs/alabama-house-committee-oks-senate-bill-regulating-data-centers/" ], "opposition_groups": [], "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 270", "bill_url": "https://alison.legislature.state.al.us/files/pdf/SearchableInstruments/2026RS/SB270-int.pdf", "county": null, "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Shield ratepayers from data center costs via SB 270", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Lance Bell (R-AL)" ] }, { "id": "muhlenberg-township-oh-2026-02-06", "jurisdiction": "Muhlenberg Township", "state": "OH", "county": "Pickaway County", "lat": 39.697, "lng": -83.114, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-06", "status": "active", "company": "Pacifico Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Muhlenberg Data Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 120, "acreage": 49, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Muhlenberg TWP and Community Against Data Center and/or Power Distribution Build" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.change.org/p/muhlenberg-twp-and-community-against-data-center-and-or-power-distribution-build", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/muhlenberg-twp-and-community-against-data-center-and-or-power-distribution-build", "petition_signatures": 731, "summary": "Muhlenberg Township, Ohio, (Pickaway County, near Circleville) passed a 12-month moratorium on new data centers after a petition gathered 700+ signatures (proposed by Pacifico Energy) (120 MW, 49 acres). Key concerns include proximity to schools, potential for private wells to dry up, and impacts on the rural residential character of the township. Darbyville is within Muhlenberg Township. The resolution (2026-10) expires February 3, 2027.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/muhlenberg-twp-and-community-against-data-center-and-or-power-distribution-build", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/muhlenberg-ohio-introduces-year-long-moratorium-on-new-data-centers/", "https://www.circlevilleherald.com/community/muhlenberg-trustees-pass-12-month-moratorium-on-data-centers/article_1669c51d-3606-432b-b2c5-633b7e5a25fb.html", "https://www.circlevilleherald.com/news/muhlenberg-trustees-inform-residents-of-application-for-zoning-change-for-data-center/article_4f341ad1-f5fe-49cc-a2fa-9374625d50ac.html", "https://www.nbc4i.com/news/local-news/pickaway-county/after-public-pushback-pickaway-county-village-enacts-data-center-pause/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "water" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 12-month data centers moratorium in Muhlenberg Township (Pacifico Energy)", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently confirmed. The DCD evidence_url is Cloudflare-403 blocked; search-engine extracts of it mention NO megawatts or acreage. No working source anywhere corroborates megawatts=120 or acreage=", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "new-york-state-ny-2026-02-06", "jurisdiction": "New York State", "state": "NY", "county": "Delaware County", "lat": 42.6526, "lng": -73.7562, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-06", "status": "passed legislature, awaiting governor signature", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "S.9144", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Food & Water Watch", "Citizen Action of New York", "NYPIRG", "New York Communities for Change", "Make the Road NY", "NYC DSA Ecosocialist Working Group", "Seneca Lake Guardian" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In New York State, New York, New York S.9144 (Senate, Sen. Liz Krueger, Co-prime sponsor Sen. Kristen Gonzalez) / A.10141 (Assembly, Asm. Anna Kelles), introduced February 6, 2026, would impose a moratorium of at least 3 years and 90 days on permits for new data centers designed to use 20+ MW. During the moratorium, the DEC must issue a generic environmental impact statement covering energy, water, air quality, GHG emissions, and e-waste; the PSC must assess rate impacts and protect residential customers from cost increases. Would not affect the public Empire AI research initiative in Buffalo. Described as the 'strongest-in-the-nation' data center moratorium. Additionally, S.6394 (the NY Sustainable Data Centers Act) requires data centers to source 1/3 renewable energy by 2030, 2/3 by 2035, and 100% by 2040. S.8540 (the AC/DC Act) addresses rate classification and cost responsibility for data center operators. Over 100 community, environmental, and faith organizations called for passage of S.9144/A.10141 in a March 2026 letter to Gov. Hochul. [Validation 2026-06-18: status updated to 'passed legislature, awaiting governor signature' per https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/nys-legislature-passes-data-center-moratorium.]", "sources": [ "https://www.commondreams.org/news/ny-data-center-moratorium", "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2025/S9144", "https://legiscan.com/NY/text/A10141/2025", "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2025/S8540", "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2025/S6394/amendment/A", "https://techcrunch.com/2026/02/07/new-york-lawmakers-propose-a-three-year-pause-on-new-data-centers/", "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/02/06/ny-legislators-introduce-strongest-data-center-moratorium-bill-in-the-country/", "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/03/02/100-new-york-groups-call-for-passage-of-data-center-moratorium-bill/", "https://www.nixonpeabody.com/insights/alerts/2026/02/11/new-york-state-proposes-sweeping-data-center-moratorium-and-regulatory-review-s9144" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "S.9144 / A.10141", "bill_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2025/S9144", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "ratepayer", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Enact statewide data center moratorium in NY", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Liz Krueger (D-NY)", "Sen. Kristen Gonzalez (D-NY)", "Asm. Anna Kelles (D-NY)" ] }, { "id": "illinois-statewide-il-2026-02-20", "jurisdiction": "Illinois (statewide)", "state": "IL", "county": "Sangamon County", "lat": 39.7817, "lng": -89.6501, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-05-31", "status": "dead", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "POWER Act (SB4016) + Tax Pause", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Environmental Law & Policy Center (ELPC)", "Alliance for the Great Lakes", "GreenLatinos", "Illinois Environmental Council", "Union of Concerned Scientists", "NRDC", "Illinois Clean Jobs Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://elpc.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/ELPCenter", "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/elpcenter/", "opposition_twitter": "https://twitter.com/ELPCenter", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/urge-illinois-to-protect-citizens-from-unregulated-data-center-construction", "petition_signatures": 442, "summary": "Illinois: The POWER Act (SB 4016/HB 5513), sponsored by Rep. Robyn Gabel (Evanston) and Sen. Ram Villivalam, establishes comprehensive statewide standards for data center development including clean energy procurement requirements, utility cost responsibility, water use reporting, pollution controls, and community engagement. Requires data centers to submit clean energy supply plans and establishes new rate tariffs for hyperscale data centers. Governor Pritzker supports. On April 22, 2026, the Illinois House Executive Committee, chaired by Rep. Ann Williams (D-Chicago), held the third of three subject-matter hearings on data centers, focused on data center water use. The April 15 hearing addressed energy use; the April 9 hearing covered general impacts. Polling shows 70% of Illinois residents support the POWER Act, which would also mandate disclosure of community benefit agreements, water efficiency standards, Illinois State Water Survey review, and an industry-funded ratepayer affordability fund. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: The POWER Act (SB 4016) was re-referred to Senate Assignments May 22, 2026 with no floor vote; advocates accused Gov. Pritzker of \"lack of engagement.\" Dead with the session ending May 31.", "sources": [ "https://www.nprillinois.org/illinois/2026-02-20/battle-over-data-centers-in-illinois-pits-consumer-costs-vs-state-competitiveness", "https://www.change.org/p/urge-illinois-to-protect-citizens-from-unregulated-data-center-construction", "https://elpc.org/news/power-act-introduced-to-set-standards-for-illinois-data-centers/", "https://capitolnewsillinois.com/?p=99250", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/19022026/illinois-data-center-impacts-bill/", "https://www.nrdc.org/press-releases/pritzker-announces-two-year-suspension-state-tax-incentives-new-data-center", "https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/gov-jb-pritzker-suspending-tax-incentives-data-centers-illinois-rcna259297", "https://www.axios.com/local/chicago/2026/02/18/illinois-freezes-data-center-tax-incentives-pritzker-trump-energy", "https://www.chicagobusiness.com/politics/data-center-development-could-stall-under-new-illinois-move", "https://www.nprillinois.org/illinois/2026-03-16/illinois-lawmakers-look-to-regulate-data-centers-as-local-governments-propose-their-own-rules", "https://www.wglt.org/local-news/2026-04-13/negotiations-over-data-center-legislation-have-yet-to-ramp-up-as-environmental-groups-cite-favorable-poll", "https://ilhousedems.com/2026/04/09/rep-ann-williams-holds-hearings-on-illinois-data-centers/", "https://www.shawlocal.com/news/2026/04/09/illinois-weighs-new-data-center-limits-as-massive-projects-reshape-towns/", { "url": "https://www.ilga.gov/Legislation/BillStatus?DocNum=4016&GAID=18&DocTypeID=SB&SessionID=114&GA=104", "title": "IL SB 4016 POWER Act status" }, { "url": "https://www.wglt.org/illinois/2026-05-14/advocates-accusing-governor-of-lack-of-engagement-urge-passage-of-data-center-regulations-by-end-of-may", "title": "Advocates urge IL data center regs" } ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 4016 / HB 5513 (POWER Act)", "county_lean": null, "bill_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/Legislation/BillStatus?DocNum=4016&GAID=18&DocTypeID=SB&SessionID=114&GA=104", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "transparency", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Ban data center development NDAs via SB 4016", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Ram Villivalam (D-IL)", "Rep. Robyn Gabel (D-IL)" ], "opposition_facebook_members": 8200 }, { "id": "tucker-county-wv-2025-03-01", "jurisdiction": "Tucker County", "state": "WV", "county": "Tucker County", "lat": 39.1134, "lng": -79.5631, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-07", "status": "active", "company": "Fundamental Data", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Ridgeline Facility", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1656, "acreage": 500, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Tucker United", "West Virginia Highlands Conservancy", "Sierra Club", "Tucker County WV Data and Power" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.tuckerunited.com", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-in-west-virginia", "petition_signatures": 2768, "summary": "In Tucker County, West Virginia, Fundamental Data, a Virginia-based company, applied for an air permit for the 'Ridgeline Facility' — a natural gas power plant and data center campus between Thomas and Davis that could span 10,000 acres across Tucker and Grant counties (1.7GW). The West Virginia DEP issued an air quality permit authorizing construction of a 785MW natural-gas-fired power plant with diesel backup generators. In February 2026, the West Virginia Air Quality Board upheld the air permit, denying appeals from Tucker United, the West Virginia Highlands Conservancy, and the Sierra Club. The board sided with developers despite two days of testimony from citizen groups. Opposition groups argue the project threatens the area's tourism-based economy and rural character. A state law passed in 2025 stripped local authority over data center siting. On April 14, 2026, the West Virginia Highlands Conservancy issued a new action alert urging members to contact legislators and the WVDEP over the Fundamental Data LLC project, confirming the 1,656-MW gas-plant-plus-data-center near Thomas and Davis is still advancing. WV Commerce officials publicly clarified the project is proceeding. The West Virginia Air Quality Board ruled in favor of developers on February 7, 2026. UPDATE 2026-04-25: On April 21, 2026, the West Virginia Highlands Conservancy, Tucker United, and Sierra Club filed a motion in the WV Intermediate Court of Appeals seeking the recusal of Chief Judge Dan Greear from the Ridgeline air permit appeal. The motion cites Rule 2.11 of the WV Code of Judicial Conduct and alleges multiple conflicts: House Speaker Roger Hanshaw co-hosted Greear's campaign fundraisers, Greear's son worked at Bowles Rice (the firm representing Fundamental Data), and Hanshaw is a partner at Bowles Rice. A portion of the appeal had been dismissed earlier ahead of the evidentiary hearing.", "sources": [ "https://westvirginiawatch.com/2025/05/28/it-will-destroy-this-place-tucker-county-residents-fight-for-future-against-proposed-data-center/", "https://www.wvhighlands.org/article/grassroots-opposition-builds-against-tucker-countys-proposed-fundamental-data-power-plant-project/", "https://wvmetronews.com/2025/12/03/protesters-oppose-tucker-county-data-center-as-air-quality-board-considers-permit-appeal/", "https://mountainstatespotlight.org/2025/08/03/lawmakers-strip-local-authority-data-centers/", "https://www.100daysinappalachia.com/2025/07/we-know-what-its-like-to-be-exploited-tucker-county-w-va-grapples-with-future-defining-ai-infrastructure-proposal/", "https://marcellusdrilling.com/2025/04/1656-mw-gas-fired-data-center-proposed-in-tucker-county-wv/", "https://www.wvhighlands.org/tucker-county-data-center-ridgeline-facility/", "https://www.tuckerunited.com", "https://www.brookings.edu/articles/will-a-data-center-be-good-for-thomas-and-davis-in-tucker-county-west-virginia/", "https://www.100daysinappalachia.com/2025/04/big-tech-comes-to-tucker-county-wv/", "https://wvmetronews.com/2026/02/07/air-quality-board-sides-with-developers-of-tucker-county-data-center/", "https://wvpublic.org/story/energy-environment/regulators-reaffirm-approval-for-microgrid-generator-data-center-in-tucker-county/", "https://wvpublic.org/story/2026/04/commerce-confirms-fundamental-data-tucker-county-advancing/", "https://www.wdtv.com/2026/04/23/environmental-protection-organizations-seek-recusal-judge-ridgeline-air-permit-appeal/", "https://www.theintermountain.com/news/local-news/2026/04/groups-seek-recusal-of-judge-in-permit-appeal/", "https://www.wboy.com/news/tucker/portion-of-tucker-county-data-center-permit-appeal-dismissed-ahead-of-evidentiary-hearing/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Fundamental Data air permit in Tucker County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "idaho-statewide-id-2026-02-09", "jurisdiction": "Idaho (statewide)", "state": "ID", "county": "Ada County", "lat": 43.615, "lng": -116.2023, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-09", "status": "dead", "company": "Meta / Diode Ventures", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": "HB 609 / HB 756 (Mickelsen Rate Protection Bill)", "investment_million_usd": 800, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 620, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Bipartisan bill H0739 would limit sales tax exemptions to data center-specific equipment (excluding construction materials), sunset the exemption in 2036, and require data centers built after March 2026 to pay power rates that fully cover utility costs (proposed by Meta / Diode Ventures). Rep. Mickelsen separately introduced a bill to prevent the Idaho PUC from approving any new customer requiring 20+ MW without proving it would not raise rates for other customers. Multiple bills addressing tax breaks, water usage reporting, and rate protection.", "sources": [ "https://boisedev.com/news/2026/02/09/bipartisan-bill-would-limit-tax-exemptions-for-data-centers-add-new-requirements-for-water-power-usage/", "https://boisedev.com/news/2026/02/24/data-electricity-testing/", "https://legislature.idaho.gov/sessioninfo/2026/legislation/H0739/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 609", "bill_url": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/sessioninfo/2026/legislation/H0609/", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Reduce data center tax exemptions via HB 609", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Steve Mickelsen (R-ID)" ] }, { "id": "cassville-wi-2026-02-09", "jurisdiction": "Cassville", "state": "WI", "county": "Grant County", "lat": 42.7072, "lng": -90.9885, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-09", "status": "active", "company": "Undisclosed ('one of the big five or six')", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Cassville Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 500, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "No Data Centers in the Driftless", "Driftless Area Data Center Opposition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "An unnamed major tech company (described as one 'people will recognize') is seeking 400-500 acres in Cassville, Wisconsin, for a $1-2B data center that would employ about 50 people. The Grant County Economic Development Corp. projects $5.6 million in annual property tax revenue, with no tax incentives required. The 'No Data Centers in the Driftless' grassroots campaign has 2,700+ Facebook members voicing concerns about the project, citing threats to the region's scenic landscape, tourism economy, and water resources. In March 2026, Cassville town residents voted 54-3 to authorize 'village powers,' giving the township more zoning control specifically to address data center proposals. A community information event in Potosi drew over 500 people. Grant County competes with sites in Indiana and North Dakota; a decision on whether the developer chooses Grant County is expected in April 2026. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/04/wisconsin-data-center-rural-town-cassville-rejects-plan-driftless-area-zoning/.]", "sources": [ "https://www.swnews4u.com/local/no-data-center-meeting-held/", "https://pbswisconsin.org/news-item/another-billion-dollar-wisconsin-data-center-is-eyed-for-cassville-in-grant-county/", "https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/02/wisconsin-data-center-billion-dollar-grant-county-cassville-utility-energy/", "https://wdbqam.com/ixp/682/p/cassville-grant-county-data-center-debate/", "https://www.midwestfarmreport.com/2026/03/04/data-centers-in-the-driftless-a-community-conversation/", "https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/04/wisconsin-data-center-driftless-area-new-details-emerge-grant-county-cassville/", "https://pbswisconsin.org/news-item/another-billion-dollar-wisconsin-data-center-is-eyed-for-cassville-in-grant-county/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_facebook_members": 2700, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Organize 'No Data Centers in the Driftless' campaign against $1B data center on 400-500 acres in Cassville", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "georgia-statewide-hb-1063-ga-2026-02-09", "jurisdiction": "Georgia (statewide)", "state": "GA", "county": null, "lat": 33.757000000000005, "lng": -84.38000000000001, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-09", "status": "dead", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "HB 1063", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Requires electric utilities and new data centers (100+ MWH peak annual demand) to agree on contract terms that shield other power customers from construction and operation costs. Includes minimum billing requirements, performance/credit provisions, and termination protections. Passed Georgia House 159-5, now in Senate.", "sources": [ "https://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/72365", "https://capitol-beat.org/2026/02/bill-limiting-data-center-costs-from-being-passed-on-to-residents-clears-georgia-house/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/georgia-considering-bill-that-could-shield-ratepayers-from-data-center-related-increases/", "https://georgiarecorder.com/2026/02/26/data-center-bill-stalls-after-last-minute-change-opposed-by-industry-finds-support/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 1063", "bill_url": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/72365", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "contract_guarantees", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require utility-data center contracts shielding other customers", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Brad Thomas (R-GA)" ] }, { "id": "georgia-statewide-sb-436-ga-2026-02-09", "jurisdiction": "Georgia (statewide)", "state": "GA", "county": null, "lat": 33.781, "lng": -84.35600000000001, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-09", "status": "died-in-committee", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SB 436", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter", "Science for Georgia" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Georgia SB436 suspends new sales and use tax exemptions for data centers from July 1, 2026 through June 30, 2027, and prohibits local governments from entering into nondisclosure agreements related to data center water and electricity usage. The bill is part of a wave of Georgia data center legislation in 2026 — the Senate also passed SB410 to outright end tax exemptions, while the House passed HB1063 (159-5) requiring data centers to pay down payments and sign longer contracts covering infrastructure costs. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: Georgia adjourned sine die Apr 3, 2026 with no data center regulation enacted; SB 436 (suspend tax exemptions + ban NDAs) died in Senate Finance and HB 1063 died in the Senate after crossover.", "sources": [ "https://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/69736", "https://senatepress.net/sen-jaha-howard-introduces-legislation-to-press-pause-on-data-centers.html", "https://www.wabe.org/georgia-lawmakers-debating-data-center-moratorium-and-regulation-bills-in-legislature/", "https://www.alston.com/en/insights/publications/2026/02/georgia-sales-tax-exemptions-data-centers", { "url": "https://southernrenewable.org/news-updates/sine-do-or-die-the-final-stretch-of-the-2026-georgia-legislative-session", "title": "Sine do or die: final stretch of 2026 GA session" }, { "url": "https://www.gpb.org/news/2026/04/03/2026-legislative-session-ends-concerns-of-possible-special-session", "title": "2026 GA legislative session ends" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 436", "bill_url": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/69736", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "tax_incentive", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Suspend data center tax exemptions and ban water NDAs in Georgia", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Jaha Howard (D-GA)" ] }, { "id": "montour-county-pa-2026-02-10", "jurisdiction": "Montour County", "state": "PA", "county": "Montour County", "lat": 41.0319, "lng": -76.6592, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-10", "status": "defeated", "company": "Talen Energy / Amazon", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 800, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Concerned Citizens of Montour County" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 3000, "summary": "Montour County, Pennsylvania, commissioners unanimously denied Talen Energy's request to rezone 800+ acres from agricultural to industrial to allow a co-located data center near the Montour Preserve nature area. The data center was expected to serve Amazon. Commission chair Rebecca Dressler said 'No evidence was provided demonstrating that the benefits outweigh documented and foreseeable public harms.' Concerned Citizens of Montour County grew from 4 members to hundreds in months; a petition gathered about 3,000 signatures, roughly twice the population of the relevant township. The rezoning denial stands. Montour County commissioners unanimously denied Talen Energy's request to rezone 800+ acres from agricultural to industrial for a data center near the Montour Preserve. Talen Energy said it still plans to develop a project and will refine plans. The grassroots group Concerned Citizens of Montour County grew from 4 members to hundreds of supporters.", "sources": [ "https://fox56.com/news/local/montour-data-center-rezoning-hearing-draws-crowd-raises-concerns", "https://fox56.com/news/local/we-dont-want-this-montour-county-residents-push-back-against-rezoning-for-data-centers", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03032026/pennsylvania-data-center-resistance/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/11022026/pennsylvania-talen-energy-data-center-rezoning-denied/", "https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/articles/new-supply-agreement-expands-talen-amazon-partnership", "https://penncapital-star.com/energy-environment/grassroots-resistance-to-data-centers-rises-in-pennsylvania/", "https://penncapital-star.com/energy-environment/montour-county-denies-rezoning-plan-that-would-have-allowed-a-data-center/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/proposal-for-800-acre-data-center-in-central-pennsylvania-has-been-denied/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/talen-energy-seeks-to-rezone-land-in-montour-county-pennsylvania-for-data-center-project/", "https://www.wnep.com/article/news/local/montour-county/data-center-talen-energy-montour-preserve-rezoning-vote/523-bd9d45bc-58b7-4590-80a1-1d2b30351550" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Deny Talen Energy / Amazon rezoning of 800 acres of farmland", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "hood-county-tx-2026-02-10", "jurisdiction": "Hood County", "state": "TX", "county": "Hood County", "lat": 32.4349, "lng": -97.8311, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-10", "status": "defeated", "company": "Sailfish Development", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Comanche Circle", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 2100, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 1000000, "jobs_promised": 425, "opposition_groups": [ "Hood County residents", "Public Citizen", "Protect the Paluxy Valley", "Protect The Paluxy Valley, Inc." ], "opposition_website": "https://www.protectpaluxy.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/protectpaluxy", "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/pause-data-center-development-in-hood-county-to-protect-our-water-community", "petition_signatures": 255, "summary": "Hood County (40 miles SW of Fort Worth) has received at least five data center applications (proposed by Sailfish Development). Commissioners voted down a proposed moratorium 3-2, twice, despite 8 hours of public testimony. The 2,100-acre Comanche Circle project sits in a recharge zone for the Upper Trinity Aquifer and could use 1M gallons/day. State Sen. Paul Bettencourt sent a letter to AG Paxton warning that counties lack constitutional authority to impose moratoriums, chilling local opposition. Residents are still adjusting to a nearby bitcoin mining operation in Granbury where neighbors report constant noise affecting people, pets, and wildlife. Hood County commissioners rejected the moratorium a second time on Feb 25, 2026, in a 3-2 vote. Instead, they voted to seek an opinion from TX Attorney General Ken Paxton on whether counties have authority to enact development moratoriums. State Sen. Paul Bettencourt warned counties lack constitutional authority for moratoriums. Residents called for commissioner resignations after the second block.", "sources": [ "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/02/10/texas-hood-county-rejects-data-center-development-pause-ai/", "https://www.keranews.org/energy-environment/2026-02-25/data-center-moratorium-texas-hood-county-ken-paxton", "https://www.keranews.org/energy-environment/2026-01-13/hood-county-data-centers-comanche-circle", "https://www.citizen.org/news/hood-county-residents-left-vulnerable-as-commissioners-reject-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.cbsnews.com/texas/news/hood-county-commissioners-reject-data-center-moratorium-again-3-2-vote-residents-call-for-resignations/", "https://www.cbsnews.com/texas/news/hood-county-residents-concerns-proposed-data-center/", "https://www.keranews.org/energy-environment/2026-02-10/hood-county-data-center-moratorium-fails", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/sailfish-plans-multi-gigawatt-data-center-park-outside-dfw-texas/", "https://www.change.org/p/pause-data-center-development-in-hood-county-to-protect-our-water-community", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-intrusion-of-disruptive-data-centers-in-hood-county", "https://www.protectpaluxy.com/about/", "https://www.protectpaluxy.com/comanche-circle-data-center-opposition/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-05", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "noise", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Propose data centers and crypto mining moratorium in Hood County (rejected)", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "independence-mo-2026-02-10", "jurisdiction": "Independence", "state": "MO", "county": "Jackson County", "lat": 39.0911, "lng": -94.4155, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-02-10", "status": "defeated", "company": "Nebius", "hyperscaler": "Nebius", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 6600, "megawatts": 1200, "acreage": 400, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 3288, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop the AI Data Center in Independence" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1574016610575491/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-massive-nebius-data-center-in-independence-mo", "petition_signatures": 3500, "summary": "Independence City Council approved $6.26 billion in tax breaks over 20 years for Nebius on March 2, 2026, including a 98% real property tax abatement, 90% personal property tax abatement, and $150M in revenue bonds for a 500-acre hyperscale AI data center campus (up to 4GW). Residents organized fierce opposition but were outnumbered at the 5-2 council vote. A lawsuit to force a public vote was filed March 12, but on March 25, a Jackson County judge ruled against residents, holding the ordinance took effect immediately under the city charter. However, on April 8, 2026, voters exacted electoral accountability: two of the five council members who voted for the tax breaks — Bridget McCandless and Jared Fears — were ousted at the ballot box. Anti-data-center candidates Jackie Dorman and pro-accountability candidate Cody Atkinson won seats. Petition clarification: the Change.org petition (~142 signatures) is separate from the referendum drive, which peaked at ~3,500 signatures collected under the city charter.", "sources": [ "https://www.kcur.org/housing-development-section/2026-02-13/independence-data-center-tax-breaks-opposition", "https://kansascitydefender.com/technology-ai/independence-residents-fight-a-6-6-billion-data-center-as-mondays-tax-break-vote-looms/", "https://thebeaconnews.org/stories/2026/02/27/independence-tax-abatement-ai-data-center/", "https://www.kshb.com/news/local-news/missouri/jackson-county/independence-approves-hyperscale-ai-data-center-issues-150-billion-in-bonds", "https://www.kcur.org/housing-development-section/2026-03-02/independence-to-vote-on-6-billion-tax-break-for-massive-ai-data-center-heres-what-to-know", "https://www.kcur.org/politics-elections-and-government/2026-03-03/independence-gives-billions-in-tax-breaks-for-a-massive-data-center-despite-outcry-from-residents", "https://fox4kc.com/news/independence-city-council-votes-to-approve-tax-breaks-for-nebius-data-center/", "https://nebius.com/independencemo", "https://fox4kc.com/news/community-comes-together-to-voice-concerns-about-independence-data-center/", "https://www.kcur.org/politics-elections-and-government/2026-03-12/independence-residents-sue-tax-breaks-data-center", "https://www.kctv5.com/2026/03/25/court-kills-residents-bid-vote-nebius-ai-data-center-tax-deal/", "https://www.kshb.com/news/local-news/missouri/jackson-county/court-rules-in-favor-of-independence-nebius-data-center-project-wont-go-to-vote", "https://fox4kc.com/news/citizens-file-lawsuit-against-city-of-independence-over-data-center-referendum/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/independence-missouri-faces-lawsuit-after-rejecting-petition-against-tax-breaks-for-nebius-data-center/", "https://goodjobsfirst.org/independence-missouri-data-center-nebius/", "https://www.kcur.org/politics-elections-and-government/2026-03-25/judge-says-independence-residents-cant-force-vote-on-data-center-tax-breaks", "https://www.kcur.org/politics-elections-and-government/2026-04-09/after-these-independence-councilmembers-supported-an-ai-data-center-voters-ousted-them", "https://dailycaller.com/2026/04/13/missouri-voters-give-boot-to-2-city-council-members-who-backed-multi-billion-dollar-ai-data-center-bonanza/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "opposition_facebook_members": 66000, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 800, "investment_usd": 6600000000, "water_gallons_per_day": 1740, "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "contract_guarantees", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Force public vote on Nebius 1.2GW data center in Independence", "community_outcome": "mixed", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRMED that petition_signatures=3500 is uncorroborated. Verified independently:\n\n1. The entry's petition_url is the Change.org petition \"stop-the-massive-nebius-data-center-in-independence-mo\". Liv", "added": "2026-06-21" } ] }, { "id": "city-of-oregon-oh-2026-02-10", "jurisdiction": "City of Oregon", "state": "OH", "lat": 41.6439, "lng": -83.4272, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "approved", "date": "2026-02-10", "summary": "In City of Oregon, Ohio, Oregon City Council initially voted 3-2 with one abstention against granting Capacity LLC a six-month extension for a proposed $2 billion, 500MW data center on 170 acres near Corduroy and Wynn roads. However, the city law director later ruled that under Robert's Rules of Order, the abstention didn't count as a vote, meaning the ordinance actually passed 3-2. The situation remains contentious and legally uncertain. [Validation 2026-06-18: status updated to 'approved' per https://www.wtol.com/article/news/local/oregon-law-director-says-data-center-ordinance-passed-despite-abstention/512-df0cbd9d-4d23-47ce-afed-d228ff493820.]", "sources": [ "https://www.13abc.com/2026/02/10/oregon-council-denies-data-center-extension-project-jeopardy/", "https://www.toledoblade.com/local/suburbs/2026/02/20/oregon-s-rejection-of-data-center-extension-overturned-by-law-director/stories/20260220092", "https://www.13abc.com/2026/02/03/data-center-developer-asks-six-month-extension-oregon/", "https://www.wtol.com/article/news/local/oregon-residents-push-back-proposed-data-center-seek-answers-town-hall/512-41138c04-fee2-4ef3-bc8a-531620f642e6", "https://www.wtol.com/article/news/local/oregon-law-director-says-data-center-ordinance-passed-despite-abstention/512-df0cbd9d-4d23-47ce-afed-d228ff493820", "https://www.13abc.com/2025/11/20/oregon-data-center-town-hall-draws-supporters-opponents/", "https://www.wtol.com/article/news/local/oregon-council-vote-data-center-project-in-doubt/512-dc04843f-e2f2-459f-bec4-4cf6b49e3332", "https://oregonohio.org/oregon-industrial-park-information-on-data-centers/", "https://capacityinfrastructure.com/oregon-oh/", "https://www.toledoblade.com/local/suburbs/2026/02/02/data-center-developer-asks-6-more-months-finalize-oregon-project/stories/20260202100", "https://www.statenews.org/section/the-ohio-newsroom/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success", "https://www.signatureassociates.com/oregon-oh-planning-for-big-data-center-as-tech-companies-swarm-region/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition Against Data Centers in South Ohio" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "investment_million_usd": 2000, "company": "Capacity LLC", "megawatts": 500, "acreage": 170, "scope": "local", "county": "Lucas County", "county_lean": "D", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/coalitionagainstdatacenters", "energy_mw": 500, "investment_usd": 2000000000, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Deny Capacity 500MW data center permit in City of Oregon", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "hayes-township-mi-2026-02-10", "jurisdiction": "Hayes Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 45.278, "lng": -85.148, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-10", "summary": "Hayes Township, Michigan, (Charlevoix County) Board of Trustees unanimously enacted a 180-day moratorium on data centers on February 10, 2026, despite no current data center proposals. After a full hour of public comment in person and over Zoom, the board struck exemption clauses that the public identified as possible loopholes. The board is drafting data center regulations for future zoning codes.", "sources": [ "https://www.interlochenpublicradio.org/ipr-news/2026-02-10/charlevoix-area-township-passes-data-center-moratorium", "https://upnorthlive.com/news/local/hayes-township-considers-moratorium-on-data-center-applications", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18937, "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county": "Charlevoix County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "tax_incentive", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in Hayes Township", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "city-of-south-lyon-mi-2026-02-10", "jurisdiction": "City of South Lyon", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.461, "lng": -83.648, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-10", "summary": "In City of South Lyon, Michigan, South Lyon City Council adopted a 12-month moratorium on new data center applications on February 10, 2026, extending it beyond the original proposal of six months to match Northville's recent pause. The moratorium was prompted by concerns about the nearby Verrus data center proposal in Lyon Township, which would use approximately 9 million gallons of water annually from the municipal system and include large lithium-ion battery packs raising fire safety fears. Mayor Stephen Kennedy said the measure gives the city authority to dictate allowable data center parameters.", "sources": [ "https://www.whmi.com/news/article/city-of-south-lyon-adopts-12-month-moratorium-on-data-center-applications", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "https://eu.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/michigan/2026/02/16/metro-detroit-communities-scramble-regulate-restrict-data-centers-moratoriums-zoning-limits/88516840007/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers", "Economic Development Responsibility Alliance of Michigan (EDRA of MI)" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18937, "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county": "Oakland County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 12-month data centers moratorium in City of South Lyon", "community_outcome": "pending", "company": "Verrus", "opposition_website": "https://edraofmi.org/", "acreage": 172 }, { "id": "erie-township-mi-2026-02-10", "jurisdiction": "Erie Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 41.773, "lng": -83.495, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-10", "summary": "Erie Township (Monroe County) enacted a limited moratorium on data center development on February 10, 2026, joining nearby Dundee Township which has had a moratorium since October 2025 in response to Cloverleaf's proposed 350-acre 'Project Ironwood.' Both townships are part of a sweeping wave across Michigan — at least 27 communities now have active data center moratoria while drafting local zoning rules to address concerns about water consumption, energy demand, and impacts on the electric grid. The project involves Cloverleaf Infrastructure.", "sources": [ "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18791, "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county": "Monroe County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Pause data centers in Erie Township pending regulations", "community_outcome": "pending", "company": "Cloverleaf Infrastructure", "acreage": null }, { "id": "virginia-statewide-sb-253-rate-shift-va-2026-02-10", "jurisdiction": "Virginia (statewide SB 253 rate shift)", "state": "VA", "lat": 37.5407, "lng": -77.436, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "status": "signed", "date": "2026-02-10", "summary": "Virginia SB 253 (Sen. Louise Lucas, D-Portsmouth) would shift energy infrastructure costs from residential ratepayers to data centers served by Dominion Energy. The SCC estimated residential rates would drop ~3.4% (~$5.52/month) while data center rates would rise ~15.8%. The bill passed the Senate nearly unanimously and the House 66-32 on March 3, 2026. Gov. Abigail Spanberger returned the bill with amendments in mid-April that lawmakers and Dominion say weaken it, including retroactively limiting Dominion's earnings in the current rate cycle. Lawmakers reconvened April 22, 2026 to consider the amendments. If rejected, Spanberger would have to sign or veto as originally passed. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: SB 253 (Lucas cost-shift) was signed by Gov. Spanberger in mid-May 2026 (effective July 1) after the General Assembly rejected most of her amendments; it creates a GS-5 rate class shifting grid-infrastructure costs onto data centers, though one accepted amendment (dropping the PJM cost-shift requirement) weakened it.", "sources": [ "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/02/10/bill-would-put-more-energy-costs-on-data-centers-slash-residential-customerss-rates/", "https://www.vpm.org/news/2026-02-10/louise-lucas-data-center-infrastructure-costs-dominion-energy-apco-scc-pjm-virginia", "https://www.pecva.org/region/regional-state-national-region/2026-data-center-reform-legislation/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/03/17/data-center-bills-dominated-this-years-general-assembly-heres-what-passed/", "https://www.vpm.org/generalassembly/2026-04-16/spanberger-general-assembly-levere-bolling-lucas-utility-legislation-dominion", "https://introl.com/blog/virginia-data-center-tax-exemption-battle-2026", "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/3/30/virginia-lawmakers-pass-15-data-center-bills-as-tax-exemption-fight-looms", { "url": "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/05/15/spanberger-signs-assault-weapons-ban-package-of-criminal-justice-and-energy-bills/", "title": "Spanberger signs energy bills package" }, { "url": "https://cardinalnews.org/2026/05/14/spanberger-will-veto-collective-bargaining-bill-future-of-cannabis-legislation-uncertain/", "title": "Spanberger signing/veto roundup" } ], "opposition_groups": [ "Piedmont Environmental Council", "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition", "Clean Virginia" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "opposition_website": "https://www.pecva.org/region/regional-state-national-region/general-assembly/virginia-data-center-reform-coalition/", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 253", "bill_url": "https://lis.virginia.gov/bill-details/20261/SB253", "county": "Buckingham County", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Shield residential ratepayers from data center costs in VA", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Louise Lucas (D-VA)" ], "company": "Dominion Energy (utility)" }, { "id": "bernalillo-county-nm-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Bernalillo County", "state": "NM", "county": "Bernalillo County", "lat": 35.05, "lng": -106.669, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-11", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Bernalillo County residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Bernalillo County guardrails resolution (proposed by Commissioner Eric Olivas) passed 4-1 (Benson dissent) on February 11, 2026. Project Jupiter (Oracle / $50B / ~1,400 acres) is a SEPARATE project in Doña Ana County — it was incorrectly conflated with this resolution in earlier entries.", "sources": [ "https://www.bernco.gov/blog/2026/02/11/data-center-project-guardrails-resolution-approved-by-bernalillo-county-commission/", "https://www.abqjournal.com/news/bernalillo-county-leaders-pass-regulations-for-artificial-intelligence-data-centers/2978906", "https://citydesk.org/2026/02/11/bernco-commission-oks-data-center-restrictions/" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "tax_incentive", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Adopt data center zoning standards in Bernalillo County", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Oracle': no primary source explicitly names the tenant for this project.", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "town-of-canton-nc-2026-02-11", "jurisdiction": "Town of Canton", "state": "NC", "county": "Haywood County", "lat": 35.5329, "lng": -82.8365, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-11", "status": "active", "company": "Unknown (inquiries from out-of-town companies for paper mill site)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "MountainTrue", "Southern Environmental Law Center" ], "opposition_website": "https://mountaintrue.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stand-against-data-center-new-hill-nc", "petition_signatures": 5393, "summary": "In Town of Canton, North Carolina, Canton Board of Aldermen approved a 12-month moratorium on data center construction, cryptocurrency mining, and server farms after about 50 residents voiced concerns at a public hearing. Prompted by out-of-town companies inquiring about using the site of the town's decommissioned paper mill. No concrete plans exist yet. Residents spoke to the economic hardship after mill closure and skepticism that data centers would replace those jobs, noting facilities may employ only ~100 people permanently.", "sources": [ "https://indyweek.com/news/as-chatham-considers-moratorium-wake-county-residents-continue-opposition-to-proposed-apex-data-center/", "https://mountainx.com/news/environment/canton-passes-12-month-moratorium-on-data-centers-and-cryptocurrency-mining/", "https://nclocal.org/2026/02/12/town-of-canton-blocks-any-potential-data-center-for-one-year/", "https://wlos.com/news/local/town-canton-moratorium-pause-data-centers-crypto-mining-noise-public-hearing-paper-mill-nature-resources-water-energy-technology-jobs-infrastructure-future-community-feb-11", "https://www.change.org/p/stand-against-data-center-new-hill-nc", "https://www.foxcarolina.com/2026/02/12/threat-our-community-canton-halts-data-center-construction-with-one-year-moratorium/", "https://www.wunc.org/2026-02-12/canton-passes-a-12-month-moratorium-on-data-centers-and-cryptocurrency-mining" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 12-month data centers and crypto mining moratorium in Town of Canton (Unknown)", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified. The change.org petition at evidence_url is titled \"Stand Against Data Center New Hill, NC\" and concerns New Hill / Apex in Wake County (explicitly references \"Jordan Pointe res", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "washington-statewide-wa-2026-02-11", "jurisdiction": "Washington (statewide)", "state": "WA", "county": "Thurston County", "lat": 47.0379, "lng": -122.9007, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-11", "status": "mixed", "company": "Microsoft, Amazon", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "WA Data Center Regulation", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Columbia Riverkeeper", "Sierra Club", "Data Center Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/ColumbiaRiverkeeper/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Washington HB 2515, the comprehensive data center regulation bill, passed the House 51-41 but died in the Senate. It would have required utilities to develop tariffs preventing financial risk to other customers, mandated annual sustainability reports, and prevented data centers from receiving free carbon credits. Instead, the Legislature passed SB 5982, which clarifies that large customers including data centers must meet the same clean energy deadlines as utilities and directs the UTC to establish reporting requirements. The Data Center Workgroup is expected to issue its final report later in 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.dwt.com/blogs/energy--environmental-law-blog/2026/03/washington-legislature-delays-data-center-bill", "https://washingtonstatestandard.com/2026/03/02/its-lights-out-for-wa-legislatures-effort-to-regulate-data-centers/", "https://www.geekwire.com/2026/washington-state-has-embraced-data-centers-but-now-its-looking-to-set-terms-of-engagement/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-20", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 2515", "bill_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/billsummary/?BillNumber=2515&Year=2025&Initiative=false", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "ratepayer", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require sustainability reports and ratepayer tariffs in Washington", "community_outcome": "mixed", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Beth Doglio (D-WA)", "Rep. Alex Ramel (D-WA)" ], "opposition_facebook_members": 15754 }, { "id": "new-hampshire-statewide-nh-2026-02-11", "jurisdiction": "New Hampshire (statewide)", "state": "NH", "county": null, "lat": 43.1939, "lng": -71.5724, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-11", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "HB 1265", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "HB 1265 would establish a one-year moratorium on new data center construction and create a study committee examining environmental impacts. Introduced by Rep. Peter Schmidt (D-Dover). Supporters cited that 100,000 sq ft data centers use up to 5 MW of electricity and 5 million gallons of water daily. Committee did not take immediate action after February 11 hearing.", "sources": [ "https://indepthnh.org/2026/02/11/lawmakers-want-to-ban-data-center-construction-for-a-year/", "https://www.billtrack50.com/billdetail/1913074" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 1265", "bill_url": "https://gc.nh.gov/bill_status/billinfo.aspx?id=1685&inflect=2", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Repeal data center tax exemptions via HB 1265", "community_outcome": "mixed", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Peter Schmidt (D-NH)" ] }, { "id": "augusta-ga-2026-02-11", "jurisdiction": "Augusta", "state": "GA", "county": "Richmond County", "lat": 33.4735, "lng": -81.9748, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-11", "status": "active", "company": "QTS Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Eisenhower", "investment_million_usd": 2000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 170, "building_sq_ft": 2150000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 18000, "jobs_promised": 220, "opposition_groups": [ "Haynes Station Concerned Residents Committee", "West Augusta 6" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "QTS Data Centers plans a $2 billion data center at 2883 Gordon Highway that could be twice the size of Augusta, Georgia, Mall (140 acres). The company filed to expand to six two-story buildings totaling over 2.15 million sq ft. The project is expected to create 160-220 jobs and could be completed by Q2 2026. The project flew 'under the radar' until local news coverage revealed its scale, surprising neighbors.", "sources": [ "https://www.wrdw.com/2026/02/03/augusta-leaders-hear-about-data-center-that-came-shock-neighbors/", "https://www.wrdw.com/2026/02/11/augusta-data-center-meeting-draws-concerned-neighbors/", "https://www.wrdw.com/2025/12/26/flying-under-radar-new-data-center-will-twice-big-augusta-mall/", "https://www.wjbf.com/news/augusta-to-look-at-new-zoning-rules-for-data-centers-after-resident-complaints/", "https://www.wfxg.com/community/richmond-county-residents-speak-out-against-data-center-project-in-haynes-station/article_f1dbc655-21fd-49fe-8d23-f40cc732a736.html", "https://wgac.com/2025/12/30/augusta-data-center-plans-expand-to-2-15-million-square-feet/", "https://theaugustapress.com/neighbors-question-qts-plan-for-augustas-first-data-center/", "https://qtsdatacenters.com/data-centers/augusta/", "https://kicks99.com/2025/12/30/augusta-data-center-plans-expand-to-2-15-million-square-feet/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/plans-filed-to-expand-former-t5-campus-site-in-augusta-georgia/", "https://finance.yahoo.com/news/data-center-proposed-off-gordon-075916168.html", "https://baxtel.com/data-center/project-eisenhower" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose QTS Data Centers' $2B, 2.15M sq ft expansion at 2883 Gordon Highway in Augusta", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "wisconsin-statewide-psc-rate-hearing-wi-2026-02-11", "jurisdiction": "Wisconsin (statewide PSC rate hearing)", "state": "WI", "county": "Dane County", "lat": 43.0722, "lng": -89.4008, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-11", "status": "decided", "company": "Microsoft (Mount Pleasant, $13.3B project), Meta (Beaver Dam campus via Alliant Energy)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "River Alliance of Wisconsin", "Power Wisconsin Forward", "NAACP (national and Wisconsin State Conference)", "Sierra Club Wisconsin (Northstar Chapter)", "Clean Wisconsin", "Citizens Utility Board (CUB)", "Wisconsin's Green Fire", "Wisconsinites against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": "https://wisconsinrivers.org/data-center-bills/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.cleanwisconsin.org/take-a-stand-against-unchecked-data-center-development/", "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Two Wisconsin PSC dockets address data center rate structures. Docket 6630-TE-113: We Energies proposed a 'Very Large Customer' rate class for customers with electricity demands above 500 MW (targeting hyperscale data centers like Microsoft in Mount Pleasant). Over 200 people joined virtual hearings on Feb 10-11, 2026, with ~85% of speakers voicing concerns about the proposal, urging that tech companies pay their full share of infrastructure costs. Critics argue the proposal would only require data centers to pay 75% of infrastructure costs, leaving 25% subsidized by the public. Docket 6680-TE-115: Alliant Energy's Individual Contract Rate Agreement to serve a data center campus in Beaver Dam (widely assumed to be Meta). The PSC required Alliant to refile the contract with fewer redactions after advocates raised transparency concerns. A coalition of 42 environmental justice, faith, conservation, and community organizations submitted formal comments voicing concerns about the proposals. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: On April 24, 2026 the Wisconsin PSC adopted a \"full-benefits\" model requiring data centers to pay 100% of their costs, extended the minimum term to 15 years, and lowered the threshold from 500 MW to 100 MW (removing the 75% capacity-only option) — a ratepayer-protection win.", "sources": [ "https://racinecountyeye.com/2026/02/11/psc-data-center-hearing-oppose/", "https://wisconsinexaminer.com/2026/02/12/democratic-lawmakers-propose-data-center-moratorium/", "https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/02/26/new-poll-shows-partisan-divide--negative-opinion-of-data-centers", "https://wisconsinexaminer.com/2026/02/10/wisconsin-public-service-commission-data-center-hearing-draws-public-outcry/", "https://racinecountyeye.com/2026/02/10/psc-public-hearings-microsoft-rates/", "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2026/03/02/psc-requires-alliant-energy-to-disclose-data-center-rates/", "https://naacp.org/articles/naacp-wisconsin-coalition-oppose-utility-bill-hikes-ai-data-center", "https://www.sierraclub.org/press-releases/2026/03/sierra-club-wisconsin-and-partners-applaud-public-service-commission", "https://wisconsinrivers.org/data-center-bills/", "https://www.cleanwisconsin.org/data-center-secrets/", "https://cubwi.org/data-center/", { "url": "https://psc.wi.gov/Documents/PressReleases/04.24.2026PressRelease.PDF", "title": "WI PSC April 24 press release" }, { "url": "https://www.renewwisconsin.org/pscs-preliminary-decision-data-centers-will-cover-their-costs/", "title": "RENEW Wisconsin on PSC decision" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "PSC Docket 6630-TE-113", "bill_url": "https://apps.psc.wi.gov/APPS/dockets/content/detail.aspx?id=6630&case=TE&num=113", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Oppose We Energies' 500MW+ data center rate class that shifts 25% of infrastructure costs to ratepayers", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Wisconsin Public Service Commission" ] }, { "id": "blumenthal-hawley-grid-act-federal-dc-2026-02-27", "jurisdiction": "Blumenthal-Hawley GRID Act (federal)", "state": "DC", "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "status": "pending", "date": "2026-02-11", "summary": "Requires new data centers with 20+ MW demand to generate their own power off-grid, with a 10-year transition for existing facilities and $1 million/day penalties for violations. Also requires public disclosure of current and projected utility usage. Introduced by Senators Josh Hawley (R-MO) and Richard Blumenthal (D-CT).", "sources": [ "https://ctmirror.org/2026/02/26/blumenthal-data-bill-0224/", "https://www.courant.com/2026/02/27/ct-senator-joins-republican-in-bill-to-keep-ai-from-driving-up-electric-bills/", "https://www.blumenthal.senate.gov/newsroom/press/release/blumenthal-introduces-bill-to-protect-americans-from-increasing-electricity-costs", "https://www.hawley.senate.gov/hawley-blumenthal-introduce-bill-to-prevent-data-centers-from-increasing-electricity-costs-for-americans/" ], "opposition_groups": [], "last_updated": "2026-03-05", "scope": "federal", "bill_name": "GRID Act (S. 3852)", "county": "District of Columbia", "county_lean": null, "bill_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/3852/text", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Require data centers to generate own electricity in DC", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Josh Hawley (R-MO)", "Sen. Richard Blumenthal (D-CT)" ] }, { "id": "maine-statewide-me-2026-02-12", "jurisdiction": "Maine (statewide)", "state": "ME", "county": "Kennebec County", "lat": 44.3106, "lng": -69.7795, "action_type": [ "legislation", "executive_action" ], "date": "2026-04-24", "status": "defeated", "company": "LiquidCool (seeking exemption for Loring data center)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "LD 307 Moratorium Amendment", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 26, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Natural Resources Council of Maine (NRCM)", "Slingshot (environmental health and justice organization)" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.nrcm.org/blog/four-ways-maine-can-address-energy-impact-data-centers/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/NRCMenvironment/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": "https://x.com/NRCMenvironment", "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Governor Janet Mills VETOED LD 307 on April 24, 2026 — \"An Act to Establish the Maine Data Center Coordination Council and Place a Temporary Limitation on Certain Data Centers.\" The bill would have made Maine the first state with a statewide moratorium on new data centers using 20+ MW, freezing approvals through November 1, 2027. Mills cited the bill's failure to exempt a $550M data center project at the former Androscoggin Mill in Jay. The legislature passed LD 307 on April 14 by 79-62 in the House and 21-13 in the Senate, falling short of the two-thirds majority needed for an override. Mills said she will issue an executive order creating a council to study data center impacts.", "sources": [ "https://www.maine.gov/governor/mills/news/governor-mills-announces-decision-ld-307-2026-04-24", "https://www.maine.gov/governor/mills/official_documents/veto_messages/2026-04-ld-307-act-establish-maine-data-center-coordination", "https://www.bangordailynews.com/2026/04/24/politics/janet-mills-vetoes-maine-data-center-ban/", "https://mainemorningstar.com/2026/04/24/gov-mills-vetoes-landmark-data-center-ban/", "https://techcrunch.com/2026/04/25/maines-governor-vetoes-data-center-moratorium/", "https://mainemorningstar.com/2026/02/23/as-data-centers-look-to-rural-new-england-maine-considers-a-moratorium/", "https://www.bostonglobe.com/2026/02/23/metro/maine-data-center-legislation-ld307/", "https://themainemonitor.org/maine-considers-data-centers-moratorium/", "https://legislature.maine.gov/backend/app/services/getDocument.aspx?documentId=122054", "https://www.nrcm.org/blog/four-ways-maine-can-address-energy-impact-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "LD 307", "bill_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/legis/bills/display_ps.asp?LD=307&snum=132", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "ratepayer", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Pause data center permits via LD 307 statewide moratorium (vetoed by Gov. Mills 2026-04-24)", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Melanie Sachs (D-ME)" ], "opposition_facebook_members": 19286 }, { "id": "colorado-statewide-co-2026-02-12", "jurisdiction": "Colorado (statewide)", "state": "CO", "county": "Denver County", "lat": 39.7392, "lng": -104.9903, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-12", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SB 26-102 / HB 26-1030", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Conservation Colorado", "GreenLatinos", "EarthJustice", "NRDC", "Western Resource Advocates", "Western Colorado Alliance" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/ConservationColorado/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Colorado: Two competing approaches: SB 26-102 requires data centers to pay full electricity and grid investment costs, mandates hourly matching of 100% renewable electricity from new sources starting 2031, and prohibits discounted 'economic development rates' for data centers consuming 30+ MW. The competing HB 26-1030 takes the opposite approach with a 20-year sales/use tax exemption for qualifying data centers. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: Both major Colorado data center bills died — SB 26-102 (community-protective guardrails) postponed indefinitely May 11 (a loss), and HB 26-1030 (pro-development 20-yr tax break) postponed indefinitely May 7 (a win). Sponsor plans to refile SB 26-102 next year.", "sources": [ "https://www.cpr.org/2026/02/12/data-centers-renewable-energy-bill/", "https://www.denverpost.com/2026/03/01/colorado-data-center-legislation-regulations-incentives/", "https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/legislation-introduced-to-ensure-common-sense-guardrails-on-data-centers-in-colorado", "https://leg.colorado.gov/bills/SB26-102", { "url": "https://gazette.com/2026/05/12/colorado-lawmakers-kill-both-major-data-center-bills/", "title": "Colorado lawmakers kill both data center bills" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 26-102", "bill_url": "https://leg.colorado.gov/bills/SB26-102", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Ban data center development NDAs via SB 26", "community_outcome": "mixed", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Cathy Kipp (D-CO)", "Rep. Kyle Brown (D-CO)" ] }, { "id": "blanchester-oh-2026-02-12", "jurisdiction": "Blanchester", "state": "OH", "county": "Clinton County", "lat": 39.2928, "lng": -83.9888, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-12", "status": "active", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": "Wilmington Data Center Campus (nearby trigger for Blanchester moratorium)", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 471, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition Against Data Centers in South Ohio" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/coalitionagainstdatacenters", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Blanchester Village Council unanimously approved a moratorium on Feb. 12, 2026, after AWS proposed a $3B data center in nearby Wilmington (which was tabled) and other projects emerged in Mt. Orab. Council cited concerns about being 'circled' by surrounding proposals. The Amazon/AWS project involves 471 acres. Opposition was led by Coalition Against Data Centers in South Ohio. Key concerns driving this action include zoning concerns and community impacts. The outcome remains pending.", "sources": [ "https://www.alleghenyfront.org/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success/", "https://www.wyso.org/news/2025-12-02/amazon-proposes-4b-data-center-in-wilmington-seeks-tax-abatement", "https://www.wnewsj.com/2026/02/20/blanchester-council-approves-data-center-moratorium-speed-limit-reductions/", "https://www.wnewsj.com/2025/12/03/officials-detail-4b-aws-data-center-proposal-infrastructure-plans/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/aws-data-center-project-tabled-in-wilmington-ohio/", "https://www.statenews.org/section/the-ohio-newsroom/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-14", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "investment_usd": 4000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose moratorium in Blanchester after surrounding AWS and data center proposals", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "martindale-brightwood-indianapolis-in-2026-02-12", "jurisdiction": "Martindale-Brightwood (Indianapolis)", "state": "IN", "county": "Marion County", "lat": 39.7908, "lng": -86.1247, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-02-12", "status": "approved", "company": "Metrobloks", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 500, "megawatts": 75, "acreage": 14, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "One Voice Martindale Brightwood", "Indianapolis NAACP", "Martindale-Brightwood residents", "Protect Martindale-Brightwood" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.onevoicemb.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://facebook.com/Martindale.OneVoice/", "opposition_instagram": "https://instagram.com/onevoicemb/", "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Metrobloks proposed a $500 million, 75MW urban data center on 14 acres at the former Sherman Drive-In site in Martindale-Brightwood, Indianapolis. On April 1, 2026, the Metropolitan Development Commission voted 6-2 to approve rezoning despite nearly 100 people speaking in opposition. On April 6, 13 rounds were fired at Councilor Ron Gibson's home with a 'No Data Centers' note left on his doorstep; FBI and DHS are assisting the investigation. On April 21, the Indianapolis City-County Council denied the Protect Martindale-Brightwood coalition's appeal of the MDC approval, allowing the project to proceed. The Protect Martindale-Brightwood coalition condemned the earlier shooting and continues to oppose the project.", "sources": [ "https://www.wfyi.org/wfyi-news/2026-04-01/controversial-data-center-is-approved-for-martindale-brightwood", "https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/indianapolis-data-center-city-councilor-home-shot-rcna267156", "https://fortune.com/2026/04/07/indianapolis-councilmember-ai-data-center-backlash/", "https://www.wfyi.org/2026-04-06/indy-city-county-councilor-ron-gibson--home-targeted-in-shooting", "https://mirrorindy.org/martindale-brightwood-data-center-ron-gibson-east-indianapolis-metrobloks/", "https://www.ibj.com/articles/indy-council-asks-for-data-center-approval-pause-denies-martindale-brightwood-appeal", "https://www.insideindianabusiness.com/articles/indy-council-asks-for-pause-in-data-center-approvals-denies-martindale-brightwood-appeal" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge Metrobloks air quality permits in court", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "wisconsin-statewide-moratorium-bill-wi-2026-02-12", "jurisdiction": "Wisconsin (statewide moratorium bill)", "state": "WI", "county": "Dane County", "lat": 43.080200000000005, "lng": -89.39280000000001, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-12", "status": "dead", "company": "Microsoft (Mount Pleasant data center), Meta (Beaver Dam data center)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "River Alliance of Wisconsin" ], "opposition_website": "https://wisconsinrivers.org/data-center-bills/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": "https://x.com/riveralliancewi", "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Wisconsin SB 1061 would have imposed a moratorium on new data center construction until the state established a data center planning authority, prohibited cost-shifting to residents, eliminated subsidies, mandated public reporting, required 100% renewable energy, restored PSC planning authority, prohibited NDAs, and created enforcement structures. Introduced Feb 26, 2026 by Sens. Larson and Carpenter with cosponsors Madison, Hong, Moore Omokunde, Clancy, Cruz, and Tenorio. Companion AB 1099 is in the Assembly Energy and Utilities Committee. SB 1061 failed to pass pursuant to Senate Joint Resolution 1 on March 23, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/02/12/data-center-a-i--technology", "https://wisconsinexaminer.com/2026/02/12/democratic-lawmakers-propose-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.wpr.org/news/new-bill-ban-nondisclosure-agreements-wisconsin-data-centers-nda", "https://wisconsinrivers.org/data-center-bills/", "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/proposals/sb1061" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-20", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 1061", "bill_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/proposals/sb1061", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Ban data center development NDAs via SB 1061", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Chris Larson (D-WI)", "Sen. Tim Carpenter (D-WI)" ] }, { "id": "walla-walla-county-wa-2026-02-12", "jurisdiction": "Walla Walla County", "state": "WA", "county": "Walla Walla County", "lat": 46.0646, "lng": -118.343, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-12", "status": "active", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": "Wallula Gap Data Center Campus", "investment_million_usd": 4800, "megawatts": 320, "acreage": 553, "building_sq_ft": 3440000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 380, "opposition_groups": [ "Walla Walla chapter, Democratic Socialists of America", "Walla Walla DSA" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In Walla Walla County, Washington, Port of Walla Walla unanimously approved $36M sale of 553 acres at Wallula Gap Business Park to AWS for a $4.8B, 16-building, 3.4M sq ft data center campus (320 MW). College Place Mayor objected, saying Port cannot 'wash its hands' of environmental harm. Opposition focused on water consumption, noise, and loss of agricultural heritage.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/aws-likely-behind-48bn-data-center-in-walla-walla-washington/", "https://finance.yahoo.com/news/official-amazon-5b-mystery-data-185754206.html", "https://www.union-bulletin.com/news/local/business/port-of-walla-walla-approves-36m-sale-of-property-for-amazon-data-center/article_0830f222-47e3-46c0-9a9f-45557bc8d1db.html", "https://washingtonstatestandard.com/2026/02/11/how-wa-lawmakers-are-trying-to-regulate-data-centers/", "https://whitmanwire.com/news/2026/02/27/amazons-data-center-project-raises-concerns-in-walla-walla/", "https://www.tricitiesbusinessnews.com/articles/wallula-data-center", "https://www.tricitiesbusinessnews.com/articles/amazon-wallula-gap" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-14", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland", "noise", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Port of Walla Walla's $36M land sale to AWS for $4.8B data center campus", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "york-township-mi-2026-02-12", "jurisdiction": "York Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.12, "lng": -83.711, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-12", "summary": "York Township, Michigan, (Washtenaw County) enacted a 6-month moratorium on data center development on February 12, 2026, after representatives for developer Sansone Group discussed a possible 1-gigawatt data center on 200 acres of property owned by Toyota at the corner of Willis and Platt roads ($750M). The proposed site is roughly 6 miles from Augusta Township's potential $1B data center, 10 miles from the Oracle/OpenAI $7B Saline Township project, and 8 miles from the UMich/Los Alamos Ypsilanti Township data center. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://www.crainsdetroit.com/technology/cdb-data-center-scrapped-york-township-20260429/.]", "sources": [ "https://www.wemu.org/wemu-news/2026-02-12/york-township-places-six-month-moratorium-on-data-center-plans", "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/12/york-township-data-center-concerns/", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "company": "Sansone Group", "megawatts": 1000, "investment_million_usd": 750, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18937, "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county": "Washtenaw County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 6-month data centers moratorium in York Township (Sansone Group)", "community_outcome": "win", "acreage": 200, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRMED. The $750M (investment_million_usd=750) figure for the York Township/Sansone Group/Toyota site at Willis and Platt roads cannot be corroborated by any source. Independently verified all work", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "kentucky-statewide-hb-593-ky-2026-02-12", "jurisdiction": "Kentucky (statewide HB 593)", "state": "KY", "scope": "statewide", "date": "2026-02-12", "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "status": "defeated", "summary": "HB 593 (Rep. Josh Bray, R) requires data centers to cover transmission and infrastructure costs, generate their own power or purchase on the open market, with a $75,000 nonrefundable application fee. Unanimously passed the House Economic Development and Workforce Investment Committee on Feb 26, 2026. A companion bill HB 544 (Reps. Adam Moore & William Lawrence) prohibits utilities from serving data centers with 100+ MW aggregate capacity without a PSC-approved specific tariff. As of late March 2026, HB 593 is advancing in the Senate. Both bills aim to ensure data center costs are not passed to ratepayers and tie tax breaks to compliance with local zoning. HB 593 passed the Kentucky House 90-8 but DIED in the Senate as the legislative session closed on April 15-16, 2026, without a floor vote. Sponsor Rep. Josh Bray indicated he will refile in the 2027 session. UPDATE 2026-04-21: Bill died April 15-16, 2026 as the legislative session ended. HB 593 passed the House 90-8 but stalled in the Senate. An SB 197 revival attempt was stripped on the final day.", "sources": [ "https://www.lpm.org/news/2026-02-12/gop-bill-seeks-guardrails-for-new-data-centers-to-pay-their-own-way-in-kentucky", "https://amnews.com/2026/03/01/house-bill-593-takes-aim-at-data-center-utility-needs/", "https://www.wdrb.com/news/politics/kentucky-bill-aims-to-protect-customers-from-data-center-power-costs/article_037ac787-a183-4c20-86ee-685d58d4b21d.html", "https://www.lpm.org/news/2026-03-27/education-data-centers-and-more-heres-what-kentucky-lawmakers-advanced-this-week" ], "bill_name": "HB 593", "bill_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/record/26rs/HB593.html", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "lat": 38.2009, "lng": -84.8733, "opposition_groups": [], "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Ban data center development NDAs via HB 593", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Josh Bray (R-KY)" ] }, { "id": "chatham-county-nc-2026-02-13", "jurisdiction": "Chatham County", "state": "NC", "county": "Chatham County", "lat": 35.721, "lng": -79.2515, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-13", "status": "active", "company": "Natelli Investments", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "NC Environmental Justice Network", "Protect Wake County Coalition", "North Carolina Environmental Justice Network (NCEJN)" ], "opposition_website": "https://protectwakecounty.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Chatham County, North Carolina, approved a 12-month moratorium on the development of new data centers and cryptocurrency mining facilities on February 13, 2026, after Natelli Investments proposed a data center in the area. The ban applies to all development approvals for data centers, data processing facilities, cryptocurrency mining operations and 'any uses associated with data processing facilities,' including web services, hosting, and genome sequencing. The moratorium applies to unincorporated areas and lasts through February 2027.", "sources": [ "https://indyweek.com/news/as-chatham-considers-moratorium-wake-county-residents-continue-opposition-to-proposed-apex-data-center/", "https://ncejn.org/", "https://ncejn.org/event/chatham-county-fight-for-a-temporary-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://www.axios.com/local/raleigh/2026/02/23/data-center-opposition-grows-across-north-carolina", "https://www.govtech.com/products/north-carolina-county-pauses-data-center-crypto-mines", "https://www.wral.com/news/local/chatham-county-approves-12-month-ban-data-centers-crypto-mining-february-2026/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 12-month data centers and crypto mining moratorium in Chatham County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "dickson-city-pa-2026-02-13", "jurisdiction": "Dickson City", "state": "PA", "lat": 41.4734, "lng": -75.6118, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-13", "summary": "Dickson City, Pennsylvania, Borough Council adopted regulations that define, regulate and restrict data centers as special exceptions in the town's light manufacturing district, limiting data centers to Enterprise Street near Eagle Lane (proposed by Dickson City Development LLC / Kriger Construction) (403 acres). The ordinance halted a proposed Bell Mountain data center campus. About 300 people attended the public hearing, with all 25 speakers either raising concerns about data centers or outright voicing concerns about them. Borough council stated 'We are not a sacrifice zone.' [Validation 2026-06-18: status updated to 'active' per https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2026-05-21/dickson-city-zoning-board-upholds-ordinance-governing-data-centers-in-the-borough.]", "sources": [ "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2026/02/13/dickson-city-adopts-data-center-regulations-halts-bell-mountain-campus/", "https://www.wnep.com/article/news/local/lackawanna-county/dickson-city-limits-data-centers-amid-resident-concerns-lackawanna-county/523-553a4711-331e-48d0-9ead-eabe295b60c8", "https://fox56.com/news/local/not-a-sacrifice-zone-dickson-city-borough-council-passes-data-center-ordinance", "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2026-02-13/dickson-city-council-oks-zoning-ordinance-allowing-data-centers-in-boroughs-manufacturing-district", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2025/12/12/data-center-developer-tied-to-projects-in-archbald-blakely-moves-to-dickson-city/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03032026/pennsylvania-data-center-resistance/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-construction-in-lackawanna-county" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Keyser Valley Neighborhood Association" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "company": "Dickson City Development LLC / Kriger Construction", "acreage": 403, "building_sq_ft": 588000, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-construction-in-lackawanna-county", "petition_signatures": 2071, "scope": "local", "county": "Lackawanna County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Restrict data centers to industrial zones in Dickson City", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "hubbard-township-oh-2026-02-15", "jurisdiction": "Hubbard Township", "state": "OH", "lat": 41.1556, "lng": -80.5729, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-15", "summary": "Hubbard Township, Ohio, trustees voted 2-1 to approve a resolution placing a one-year moratorium on data centers entering the township in February 2026 (proposed by Bristolville 25 Developer LLC). The township attorney reviewed the moratorium proposal and suggested it would be a wise idea, providing a 12-month window for the zoning commission to engage the public and develop appropriate regulations.", "sources": [ "https://www.tribtoday.com/news/local-news/2026/02/hubbard-township-oks-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://www.vindy.com/news/local-news/2026/02/hubbard-township-places-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://www.wkbn.com/news/local-news/lordstown-news/developer-proposes-building-data-center-in-lordstown-area/", "https://www.wfmj.com/story/53141480/hubbard-residents-petition-against-potential-data-center-project-at-deer-creek", "https://businessjournaldaily.com/company-proposes-3-6b-data-center-in-lordstown/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Hubbard Residents Against Data Centers" ], "last_updated": "2026-03-05", "company": "Bristolville 25 Developer LLC", "project_name": "Lordstown/Trumbull County Data Center", "scope": "local", "county": "Trumbull County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 12-month data centers moratorium in Hubbard Township (Bristolville 25 Developer)", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "scioto-county-open-meetings-lawsuit-oh-2026-02-15", "jurisdiction": "Scioto County (Open Meetings lawsuit)", "state": "OH", "lat": 38.7568, "lng": -82.9482, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-15", "summary": "A Scioto County resident filed a lawsuit accusing the county commission of violating Ohio's Open Meetings Act by conducting negotiations with Google for a $1 billion, 500,000-square-foot data center in Franklin Furnace behind closed doors (792 acres). Commissioners admitted to signing NDAs that prevented them from publicly naming Google or discussing project details for months. Google was given a 75% tax abatement for 15 years. The secrecy sparked a separate legislative response: two Ohio lawmakers introduced a bill to ban NDAs for elected officials tied to their public duties.", "sources": [ "https://www.wowktv.com/news/ohio/scioto-county-oh/lawsuit-filed-against-scioto-county-commission-surrounding-new-data-center/", "https://sciotocountydailynews.com/commissioners-respond-to-open-meetings-lawsuit-over-data-center/", "https://sciotocountydailynews.com/ohio-lawmakers-move-to-ban-ndas-for-elected-officials/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/google-confirmed-as-company-behind-500000-sq-ft-data-center-in-scioto-county-ohio/", "https://sciotocountydailynews.com/scioto-county-eyes-1-billion-data-center/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Scioto County residents", "Ohio transparency advocates" ], "last_updated": "2026-03-05", "company": "Google", "hyperscaler": "Google", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "acreage": 792, "building_sq_ft": 1700000, "jobs_promised": 50, "scope": "local", "county": "Scioto County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Sue over open meeting violations in Google approval", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "montgomery-county-mo-2026-02-16", "jurisdiction": "Montgomery County", "state": "MO", "county": "Montgomery County", "lat": 38.8252, "lng": -91.4742, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-02-16", "status": "active", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": "Project Green", "investment_million_usd": 10000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 1000, "building_sq_ft": 880000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 137000, "jobs_promised": 400, "opposition_groups": [ "Preserving Montgomery County" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Preserving Montgomery County LLC (formed Dec. 27, 2025 by Sabrina Cope of Truxton) filed a lawsuit in Cole County Circuit Court alleging the commission violated Missouri open meetings and open records laws (Sunshine Law). The lawsuit seeks to void $35B in industrial revenue bonds and the development agreement for Amazon/AWS's estimated $8.5 billion data center on 1,000 acres. Attorney Steve Jeffrey represents the plaintiffs (residents, business owners, farmers). The project is located at the I-70/MO-19 intersection.", "sources": [ "https://abc17news.com/news/2025/11/26/amazon-planning-data-center-in-montgomery-county/", "https://abc17news.com/news/montgomery/2025/12/04/montgomery-county-residents-push-back-against-amazon-data-center/", "https://abc17news.com/news/top-stories/2026/02/17/lawsuit-filed-to-stop-montgomery-county-data-center/", "https://amazonstlwest.com/", "https://krcgtv.com/news/local/lawsuit-filed-to-halt-amazon-data-center-in-montgomery-county", "https://krcgtv.com/news/local/residents-resist-proposed-amazon-development-data-center-projects-in-montgomery-county", "https://themissouritimes.com/aws-responds-to-montgomery-county-commission-with-detailed-water-use-commitments/", "https://themissouritimes.com/twmp-column-montgomery-countys-data-center-debate-boils-down-to-water/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/1000-acre-aws-data-center-campus-under-consideration-in-montgomery-county-missouri/", "https://www.komu.com/news/midmissourinews/lawsuit-asks-judge-to-set-back-montgomery-county-data-center-approval-process/article_7dd0c0f6-6bea-43e3-8ca2-b67522429c90.html", "https://www.komu.com/news/midmissourinews/montgomery-county-residents-attend-town-hall-on-data-center-proposals/article_9f2c275a-c156-4561-8085-867812927293.html", "https://www.ksdk.com/article/news/local/business-journal/citizens-group-sues-to-void-35b-amazon-data-center-incentive-package/63-beeb260e-33c4-4e6e-bf3d-ec3629a88446", "https://www.mystandardnews.com/stories/amazon-announces-it-will-own-data-center-in-montgomery-county,136956", "https://www.mystandardnews.com/stories/amazon-releases-projected-water-usage-for-data-center,140529", "https://www.mystandardnews.com/stories/hundreds-demand-answers-from-county-leaders-on-data-centers,140519", "https://www.stlpr.org/economy-business/2025-12-19/montgomery-county-commission-approves-amazon-data-center-tax-incentive-framework", "https://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-courts/article_40c7f648-9c2a-428f-b1d0-c0485ef3ce62.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "contract_guarantees", "tax_incentive", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Sue over open meeting violations in Amazon/AWS approval", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "ohio-statewide-oh-2026-02-09", "jurisdiction": "Ohio (statewide)", "state": "OH", "county": "Franklin County", "lat": 39.9612, "lng": -82.9988, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-17", "status": "pending", "company": "AEP (American Electric Power)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Ohio Consumers' Counsel" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Ohio: HB 706 bans utilities from recovering data center infrastructure costs by shifting them onto other customers and requires long-term service agreements of at least 12 years. Mirrors AEP's existing tariff requiring data centers to cover 85% of energy costs. Senate Democrats introduced additional bills to eliminate tax breaks, require developers to cover infrastructure costs, and impose greater oversight. Around 18 municipalities have enacted local moratoriums on data centers.", "sources": [ "https://ohiocapitaljournal.com/2026/02/09/ohio-democrats-offer-slate-of-bills-reining-in-data-centers/", "https://www.statenews.org/section/the-ohio-newsroom/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success", "https://spectrumnews1.com/oh/columbus/news/2026/02/18/ohio-house-bill-706", "https://www.wosu.org/2026-03-02/ohio-house-bill-would-extend-data-center-tariff-to-rest-of-state" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-05", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 706", "bill_url": "https://www.legislature.ohio.gov/legislation/136/hb706", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Repeal data center tax exemptions via HB 706", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Tristan Rader (D-OH)", "Rep. David Thomas (R-OH)" ] }, { "id": "city-of-eagan-mn-2026-02-17", "jurisdiction": "City of Eagan", "state": "MN", "county": "Dakota County", "lat": 44.8041, "lng": -93.1669, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-17", "status": "passed", "company": "Oppidan Investment Co. / Connect Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 5, "acreage": 22, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition for Responsible Data Center Development" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.datacenterresponsibility.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In City of Eagan, Minnesota, First Minnesota city to enact a data center moratorium, Prompted by Oppidan Investment Co. and Connect Data Centers' proposal for a facility on 22 acres. One-year pause through February 17, 2027 on facilities using more than 20 MW or within 500 feet of residential land. Eagan City Council voted 4-0 on February 17, 2026 to adopt the ban after growing concern over data center impacts on residential neighborhoods.", "sources": [ "https://www.kare11.com/article/news/local/eagan-mn-moratorium-data-center/89-a65e44a4-000c-492b-94c7-7d78ea20cc7c", "https://oppidan.com/blog/connect-data-centers-powered-by-oppidan-breaks-ground-on-new-data-center-in-eagan", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/oppidan-breaks-ground-on-data-center-in-eagan-minnesota/", "https://www.startribune.com/eagan-data-center-moratorium/601581237", "https://www.fox9.com/news/mn-data-center-cryptocurrency-ban-eagan-approved-feb-17-2026" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Halt data centers in City of Eagan after Oppidan Investment Co. proposal", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "22-acre figure not found in accessible sources", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "san-marcos-tx-2026-02-17", "jurisdiction": "San Marcos", "state": "TX", "county": "Hays County", "lat": 29.8833, "lng": -97.9414, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-17", "status": "defeated", "company": "Highlander SC One LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1500, "megawatts": 380, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 75000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Save Our Springs Alliance", "San Marcos River Foundation" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.sosalliance.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.ipetitions.com/petition/no-data-centers", "petition_signatures": 4370, "summary": "San Marcos, Texas, City Council voted 5-2 at 2:14 AM on February 18, 2026 to deny zoning amendments for a $1.5 billion, 380 MW data center by Highlander SC One LLC (Fort Worth) on 200 acres on Francis Harris Lane. The proposed facility would have consumed 70,000 gallons of water daily (25 million gallons annually). Water supply was the defining issue. Over 100 residents spoke against the project during 8+ hours of testimony. The overflow room erupted in cheers when the denial vote came. Part of a broader wave in Hays County where 5 data centers have been proposed amid historic drought conditions. Maberry must wait six months before resubmitting.", "sources": [ "https://www.kut.org/energy-environment/2026-02-18/san-marcos-city-council-blocks-proposed-data-center", "https://www.kvue.com/article/news/local/hays-county/san-marcos-data-center-debate/269-26ebd1b0-1dfa-443b-b5ec-05016bcc0b7c", "https://communityimpact.com/austin/san-marcos-buda-kyle/development/2025/05/21/new-data-center-planned-near-new-braunfels-and-san-marcos-sparks-debate/", "https://communityimpact.com/austin/san-marcos-buda-kyle/government/2026/02/18/san-marcos-council-denies-map-change-stops-data-center-development/", "https://deceleration.news/san-marcos-data-centers-drought-vote/", "https://www.tpr.org/news/2026-02-27/with-5-data-centers-on-the-horizon-hays-county-water-advocates-see-the-fight-as-just-beginning", "https://cbsaustin.com/news/local/san-marcos-city-council-votes-5-2-to-deny-ai-data-center-proposal" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-04-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Deny Highlander SM One rezoning of 200 acres in San Marcos", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "lowndes-county-ga-2026-02-17", "jurisdiction": "Lowndes County", "state": "GA", "county": "Lowndes County", "lat": 30.8327, "lng": -83.2785, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-17", "status": "active", "company": "DC BLOX", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 720, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 400, "opposition_groups": [ "Lowndes Citizens Against Data Centers", "WWALS Watershed Coalition", "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter", "Lowndes Citizens Against Data Centers (LCAD)", "Science for Georgia", "Sierra Club Georgia", "WWALS Watershed Coalition (Suwannee Riverkeeper)" ], "opposition_website": "https://wwals.net/2026/02/23/datacenters-meeting-lowndes-county-ga-2026-02-17/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/Wwalswatershed", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "DC BLOX is the company behind the Lowndes County, Georgia, data center proposal (720 acres). DC BLOX's CEO informed the landowner (Pope Langdale) the facility could create up to 400 jobs with $135,000 average salary and would use closed-loop cooling. Lowndes Citizens Against Data Centers (LCAD), organized with Alpha Kappa Alpha Upsilon and the Valdosta State University Anthropology Club, hosted a town hall where citizens pushed back on the potential development. In fall 2025, a parcel was rezoned for the potential data center.", "sources": [ "https://www.walb.com/2026/02/10/rural-communities-raise-concerns-data-centers-expand-across-georgia-beyond/", "https://www.wtxl.com/news/local-news/in-your-neighborhood/lowndes-county/lowndes-county-citizens-push-back-on-potential-data-centers-during-town-hall", "https://wwals.net/2026/02/23/datacenters-meeting-lowndes-county-ga-2026-02-17/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Block DC BLOX rezoning of 720 acres in Lowndes County", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_facebook_members": 7209 }, { "id": "richfield-township-oh-2026-02-17", "jurisdiction": "Richfield Township", "state": "OH", "county": "Lucas County", "lat": 41.6232, "lng": -83.6944, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-17", "status": "active", "company": "Meta (nearby Middleton Twp.)", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 280, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition Against Data Centers in South Ohio" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/coalitionagainstdatacenters", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Richfield Township (Lucas County) passed a 12-month data center moratorium on Feb. 17, 2026, part of a wave across northwest Ohio triggered by Meta's $800M data center in nearby Middleton Township. Residents had packed a June 2025 trustee meeting to challenge a potential rezoning. Joins Maumee, Waterville, and Monclova Township.", "sources": [ "https://www.toledoblade.com/local/politics/2026/02/18/monclova-richfield-townships-latest-to-pass-data-center-moratoriums/stories/20260218126", "https://www.13abc.com/2025/06/03/residents-pack-richfield-twp-trustee-meeting-oppose-potential-data-center/", "https://www.wtol.com/article/news/local/richfield-township-residents-pushback-proposed-rezoning-data-center/512-1d509772-05e2-49bb-8813-68f74e0adf42", "https://www.statenews.org/section/the-ohio-newsroom/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 12-month data centers moratorium in Richfield Township", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Confirmed. The acreage=280 figure for richfield-township-oh-2026-02-17 is not supported by any source for the Richfield Township rezoning, and is positively attributable to a DIFFERENT project: Meta's", "added": "2026-06-21" } ] }, { "id": "pennsylvania-statewide-moratorium-proposal-pa-2026-02-17", "jurisdiction": "Pennsylvania (statewide moratorium proposal)", "state": "PA", "county": "Dauphin County", "lat": 40.2732, "lng": -76.8867, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-17", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Better Path Coalition", "Food and Water Watch", "Friends of the Earth", "Greenpeace", "Pennsylvania Data Center Resistance" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.betterpathcoalition.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": "https://twitter.com/BetterPathPA", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/hold-data-centers-accountable-for-rising-energy-costs-in-pennsylvania", "petition_signatures": 74, "summary": "Pennsylvania: Proposes a three-year moratorium on hyperscale data center construction including associated power generation and transmission infrastructure. Multiple legislators involved: Sen. Katie Muth, Sen. Rosemary Brown (R) who supports restricting data centers to industrial zones, and Rep. Jamie Walsh (R) who plans a separate regulatory package. Bipartisan opposition with over 50 planned data centers facing resistance from community groups across the state.", "sources": [ "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2026-02-17/lackawanna-county-commissioner-gaughan-asks-shapiro-and-pa-legislature-for-statewide-data-center-moratorium", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2026/02/25/local-lawmakers-target-data-centers-back-moratoriums/", "https://www.cityandstatepa.com/policy/2026/03/pa-house-committee-advances-data-center-bills/411812/", "https://www.change.org/p/hold-data-centers-accountable-for-rising-energy-costs-in-pennsylvania", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03032026/pennsylvania-data-center-resistance/", "https://www.spotlightpa.org/news/2026/01/data-centers-pennsylvania-debate-legislature-environment-environment/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-19", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "Sen. Muth Moratorium Memo", "bill_url": "https://www.palegis.us/senate/co-sponsorship/memo?memoID=47850", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Enact statewide data center moratorium in PA", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Katie Muth (D-PA)", "Sen. Rosemary Brown (R-PA)", "Rep. Jamie Walsh (R-PA)" ] }, { "id": "hays-county-tx-2026-02-17", "jurisdiction": "Hays County", "state": "TX", "county": "Hays County", "lat": 30.0582, "lng": -98.0319, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-17", "status": "defeated", "company": "CloudBurst Data Centers / Highlander SC One LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1200, "megawatts": 1200, "acreage": 200, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 70000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Data Center Action Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://linktr.ee/data.center.action.coalition", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/data.center.action.coalition/", "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.ipetitions.com/petition/no-data-centers", "petition_signatures": 4370, "summary": "Water advocates identified 5 data centers proposed for the Hays County, Texas, region during historic drought (proposed by CloudBurst Data Centers / Highlander SC One LLC) (1.2GW, $1.2B, 200 acres). County Judge Ruben Becerra proposed a 30-day moratorium on high-water-use building permits but was forced to table it after county attorneys warned it would trigger a lawsuit the county would likely lose. San Marcos City Council scored a major win Feb. 17, voting 5-2 at 2:14 AM to block a $1.5B Highlander SM One data center after 8+ hours of testimony from 100+ residents. Hays County aquifers are at historic lows. Hays County Judge Ruben Becerra proposed a moratorium on permits for large industrial water users (>20,000 gal/day) but the Commissioners Court tabled it on Feb 25 after county attorneys warned it would trigger a lawsuit the county would lose. State Sen. Bettencourt warned counties lack authority for moratoriums. Water advocates have identified 5 potential data center developments in the region and continue organizing.", "sources": [ "https://www.kut.org/energy-environment/2026-02-26/hays-county-tx-data-centers-water-resources", "https://www.tpr.org/news/2026-02-27/with-5-data-centers-on-the-horizon-hays-county-water-advocates-see-the-fight-as-just-beginning", "https://www.kut.org/energy-environment/2026-02-18/san-marcos-city-council-blocks-proposed-data-center", "https://universitystar.com/34402/news/community-members-hold-meeting-discussing-data-centers/", "https://evolveincorporated.com/company-news/cloudburst-and-evolve-break-ground-on-1-2gw-flagship-ai-data-center-campus-incentral-texas", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/cloudburst-signs-natural-gas-deal-with-energy-transfer-to-power-texas-data-center/", "https://www.ipetitions.com/petition/no-data-centers", "https://cbsaustin.com/news/local/hays-county-officials-push-back-on-proposed-ai-data-centers-over-water-concerns", "https://universitystar.com/33993/opinions/cloudburst-data-center-exploits-hays-county/", "https://spectrumlocalnews.com/tx/austin/news/2026/03/06/data-center-moratoriums", "https://www.kvue.com/article/news/local/hays-county/hays-county-judge-industrial-water-aquifer-record-lows/269-6f7f165a-0133-4c65-abcf-2084ecf3cdec", "https://therealdeal.com/texas/austin/2026/02/26/hays-county-backs-off-data-center-pause/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Propose data centers moratorium after CloudBurst Data Centers proposal", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "ann-arbor-township-mi-2026-02-17", "jurisdiction": "Ann Arbor Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.2808, "lng": -83.743, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2026-02-17", "summary": "Ann Arbor Township Board of Trustees passed a 12-month moratorium on data centers. No developer has approached township officials about a data center; the moratorium is a proactive measure reflecting concerns about water, energy demand, and environmental impacts seen in neighboring communities. Opposition was led by Protect Augusta Charter Township (PACT), Stop the Data Center, and Economic Development Responsibility Alliance of Michigan (EDRA of MI). The community successfully achieved its objective.", "sources": [ "https://www.wemu.org/wemu-news/2026-02-17/ann-arbor-township-passes-12-month-moratorium-on-data-centers", "https://michiganadvance.com/2025/10/09/a-michigan-town-hopes-to-stop-a-data-center-with-a-2026-ballot-initiative/", "https://www.michigandaily.com/news/ann-arbor/stop-the-data-center-organizes-assembly-to-discuss-winter-action-plan/", "https://edraofmi.org/", "https://concentratemedia.com/data-centers-in-washtenaw-county-economic-boon-or-environmental-liability/", "https://edraofmi.org/ai-data-centers", "https://bridgemi.com/michigan-environment-watch/tiny-michigan-town-hopes-to-stop-data-center-with-ballot-initiative/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Augusta Charter Township (PACT)", "Stop the Data Center", "Economic Development Responsibility Alliance of Michigan (EDRA of MI)" ], "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "opposition_website": "https://edraofmi.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/edraofmi/", "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/edraofmi/", "scope": "local", "county": "Washtenaw County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 12-month data centers moratorium in Ann Arbor Township", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 163 }, { "id": "columbiana-shelby-county-al-2026-02-17", "jurisdiction": "Columbiana (Shelby County)", "state": "AL", "lat": 33.1782, "lng": -86.6064, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2026-02-17", "summary": "Columbiana City Council unanimously approved a new ordinance imposing zoning restrictions on future data centers, becoming the first Alabama municipality to pass such restrictions ($200M). Requirements include: 60 ft max height (including rooftop equipment), 300 ft setback from residentially zoned districts, 25 ft landscape buffer, sound study demonstrating facility does not exceed 67 dB, and full enclosure or screening/fencing. Future data centers require a special permit from the Board of Adjustments. The restrictions do not apply retroactively to the existing DigiPower X facility (22MW expanding to 55MW by 2027). Came after a packed town hall where residents voiced concerns about noise, water, and energy impacts.", "sources": [ "https://www.wbrc.com/2026/02/18/columbiana-passes-new-zoning-restrictions-data-centers/", "https://www.shelbycountyreporter.com/news/columbiana-places-restrictions-on-future-data-centers-a848fc15/", "https://www.apr.org/news/2026-02-19/two-alabama-cities-two-very-different-receptions-for-big-data-centers", "https://abc3340.com/news/abc-3340-news-iteam/columbiana-town-hall-meeting-data-center-digihost-questions-answers-thursday-industrial-parkway" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Columbiana residents" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "company": "DigiPower X (existing)", "megawatts": 55, "investment_million_usd": 200, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 15000, "jobs_promised": 70, "scope": "local", "county": "Shelby County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 300-foot data center setbacks in Columbiana", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "hillsboro-or-2026-02-17", "jurisdiction": "Hillsboro (SB 1586)", "state": "OR", "county": "Washington County", "lat": 45.523, "lng": -122.99, "action_type": [ "legislation", "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-17", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Intel / Stack Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 700, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 1700, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Central Oregon LandWatch", "Oregon Agricultural Trust" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "SB 1586, which would have brought 373 acres of rural land into Hillsboro's UGB for tech industries, was shelved. Separately, Councilor Kipperlyn Sinclair's data-center moratorium petition had gathered 1,300+ of the 2,000 signatures needed as of mid-April 2026. Key concerns: Hillsboro School District lost $128M to tax abatements in 2024; data centers pay less than half what residents pay for power; and completed data centers have no power and are being told 3-5 years wait.", "sources": [ "https://www.opb.org/article/2026/03/03/hillsboro-will-not-get-more-industrial-land-for-high-tech-data-centers/", "https://capitalpress.com/2026/03/06/lawmaker-shelves-bill-slating-hillsboro-farmland-for-industrial-development/", "https://www.opb.org/article/2026/02/17/oregon-senators-tech-development-hillsboro-farm-group/", "https://oregoncapitalchronicle.com/2026/03/02/oregon-would-temporarily-bar-expanded-tax-benefits-for-data-centers-under-changes-to-governors-bill/", "https://katu.com/news/local/hillsboro-petition-seeks-pause-data-centers-amid-energy-and-farmland-concerns-washington-county-oregon-city-councilor-kipperlyn-sinclair-jacob-roloff-tammy-carpenter-illsboro-herald-editor-dirk-knudsen-tualatin-riverkeepers-pge", "https://hillsboroherald.com/signatures-sought-on-hillsboro-data-center-moratorium-petition-brought-by-kipperlyn-sinclair/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "SB 1586 - Hillsboro UGB Expansion", "bill_url": "https://olis.oregonlegislature.gov/liz/2026R1/Measures/Overview/SB1586", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Block SB 1586 from adding 373 acres of farmland to Hillsboro's urban growth boundary for data centers", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Janeen Sollman (D-OR)" ], "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified. The evidence_url (OPB 2026-03-03) and the OPB 2026-02-17 article contain NO $700M investment figure; both frame SB 1586 as a farmland/UGB rezoning matter (373 acres into UGB, ~", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "southaven-ms-2026-02-18", "jurisdiction": "Southaven", "state": "MS", "county": "DeSoto County", "lat": 34.9689, "lng": -89.9787, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-02-18", "status": "active - permit granted, litigation filed", "company": "xAI", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "MACROHARDRR", "investment_million_usd": 20000, "megawatts": 495, "acreage": 114, "building_sq_ft": 810000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 1000, "opposition_groups": [ "Safe and Sound Coalition", "NAACP", "Southern Environmental Law Center", "Earthjustice" ], "opposition_website": "https://safeandsound.info", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/people/Safe-and-Sound-Coalition/61587372716516/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://actionnetwork.org/petitions/shut-down-the-unpermitted-xai-power-plant-in-southaven", "petition_signatures": 1364, "summary": "xAI purchased a power plant in Southaven and plans to invest $20B+ in data centers in DeSoto County (Colossus 2) (114 acres). The company installed 27 unpermitted gas turbines capable of generating 495MW — equivalent to a conventional power plant — without obtaining any permits. The turbines roar 'like jet engines' day and night, causing respiratory problems and insomnia for residents. The Safe and Sound Coalition gathered more than 1,300 signatures demanding shutdown. At a Feb 2026 public hearing packed with hundreds of attendees, not a single person spoke in favor of xAI's proposed permanent air permit. Earthjustice and the SELC, on behalf of the NAACP, sent a 60-day notice of intent to sue for Clean Air Act violations. The facility would likely be the largest industrial source of NOx in the 11-county Memphis metropolitan area. Governor Tate Reeves called it the largest private investment in Mississippi history. Feb 13, 2026 NAACP/SELC/Earthjustice Clean Air Act 60-day notice of intent to sue is folded into this umbrella entry. [Validation 2026-06-18: status updated to 'active - permit granted, litigation filed' per https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2026/jun/17/doj-moves-dismiss-lawsuit-targeting-elon-musks-xai-facility/.]", "sources": [ "https://www.mississippifreepress.org/as-musks-xai-data-centers-encroach-on-southaven-north-mississippi-residents-push-back/", "https://mississippitoday.org/2026/02/18/xai-southaven-permit-public-resounding-no/", "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/02/13/musks-xai-faces-threat-of-naacp-lawsuit-over-pollution-in-mississippi.html", "https://safeandsound.info", "https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/musks-ai-power-plant-generates-sound-fury-mississippi-rcna258594", "https://naacp.org/articles/naacp-selc-earthjustice-threaten-lawsuit-over-xais-unpermitted-gas-turbines-mississippi", "https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/naacp-threatens-lawsuit-over-xais-unpermitted-gas-turbines-in-mississippi", "https://magnoliatribune.com/2026/01/08/xai-investing-more-than-20-billion-in-southaven-data-center/", "https://governorreeves.ms.gov/tech-leader-xai-investing-more-than-20-billion-in-southaven/", "https://www.actionnews5.com/2026/01/08/largest-economic-development-history-20-billion-dollar-data-center-coming-southaven/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/xai-confirms-new-data-center-in-mississippi-elon-musk-pledges-20bn-investment-in-state/", "https://naacp.org/articles/elon-musks-xai-threatened-lawsuit-over-air-pollution-memphis-data-center-filed-behalf", "https://www.actionnews5.com/2026/02/13/selc-plans-sue-xai-over-gas-turbines-mississippi/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "transparency", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Sue xAI for unpermitted turbines in Southaven DeSoto County", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified — jobs_promised=1000 is not corroborated by any cited or independently-found source. The entry's own summary never states a jobs figure. Checked sources directly: Mississippi Fr", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "monclova-township-oh-2026-02-18", "jurisdiction": "Monclova Township", "state": "OH", "county": "Lucas County", "lat": 41.5512, "lng": -83.7702, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-18", "status": "active", "company": "Meta (nearby Middleton Twp.)", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 280, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Data Centers in Maumee, Monclova, Waterville & Whitehouse" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-from-being-built-in-maumee-monclova-waterville-whitehouse-areas", "petition_signatures": 1815, "summary": "Monclova Township trustees unanimously approved a 12-month moratorium on Feb. 18, 2026 after residents packed multiple meetings. Although no data center has been proposed in the township, Meta's nearby facility in Middleton Township prompted preemptive action. Approximately 18 municipalities across northwest Ohio now considering or enacting similar pauses.", "sources": [ "https://www.wtol.com/article/news/local/monclova-township-approves-12-month-moratorium-on-data-centers/512-9307862d-1a3c-45f9-acf2-8b49f0222efc", "https://www.toledoblade.com/local/politics/2026/02/18/monclova-richfield-townships-latest-to-pass-data-center-moratoriums/stories/20260218126", "https://www.13abc.com/2026/02/18/monclova-township-places-12-month-moratorium-data-centers/", "https://www.wtol.com/article/news/local/monclova-township-community-pushback-possible-data-center/512-db210b53-6e11-4808-b049-d59871972754", "https://www.wtol.com/article/news/local/monclova-twp-residents-protest-potential-data-center-development/512-bc9d6813-3c34-4809-b3ee-ab7c48d16d6f", "https://toledofreepress.com/data-center-protestors-pack-monclova-meeting/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 12-month data centers moratorium in Monclova Township", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "elmwood-township-mi-2026-02-18", "jurisdiction": "Elmwood Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 43.55, "lng": -83.57, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2026-02-18", "summary": "Elmwood Township, Michigan, Board unanimously approved a 9-month moratorium on data centers (reduced from originally proposed 12 months). No known data center plans exist for the county; the moratorium is precautionary. The board tabled the measure at its January 21 meeting before passing the amended version in February.", "sources": [ "https://www.tuscolatoday.com/news/elmwood-acts-on-data-center-moratorium/article_989c5d64-6088-4222-8f1c-e9d099776f71.html", "https://edraofmi.org/", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Economic Development Responsibility Alliance of Michigan (EDRA of MI)" ], "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county": "Tuscola County", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_website": "https://edraofmi.org/", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 9-month data centers moratorium in Elmwood Township", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "illinois-commerce-commission-il-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Illinois (Tax Incentive Suspension)", "state": "IL", "county": null, "lat": 39.798, "lng": -89.654, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-19", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In Illinois, Governor Pritzker proposed a 2-year suspension of the Data Center Investment Program (enacted 2019, offers up to 20 years of tax exemptions) during his 2026 budget address. Driven by ICC/IPA/IEPA Resource Adequacy Study projecting capacity shortfalls by 2029 in Northern IL. 37 projects built under the program.", "sources": [ "https://www.axios.com/local/chicago/2026/02/18/illinois-freezes-data-center-tax-incentives-pritzker-trump-energy", "https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/gov-jb-pritzker-suspending-tax-incentives-data-centers-illinois-rcna259297", "https://www.enr.com/articles/62545-illinois-governor-targets-data-center-tax-breaks-for-proposed-pause" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-03-09", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "Data Center Investment Program Suspension", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Commission legislative study on data center impacts in IL", "community_outcome": "pending", "bill_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/Legislation/BillStatus?DocNum=5513&GAID=18&DocTypeID=HB&SessionID=114&GA=104", "sponsors": [ "Gov. JB Pritzker (D-IL)" ] }, { "id": "middleton-township-oh-2025-04-01", "jurisdiction": "Middleton Township", "state": "OH", "county": "Wood County", "lat": 41.467, "lng": -83.5799, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-04-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Meta", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 800, "megawatts": 180, "acreage": 280, "building_sq_ft": 715000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 600000, "jobs_promised": 100, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition Against Data Centers in South Ohio" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/coalitionagainstdatacenters", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "A Meta data center spanning 715,000 sq ft under construction in Middleton Township, Ohio, was revealed in April 2025, anticipated operational in 2027 with 100 employees (350 MW, 280 acres). Over 150 residents packed a Wood County Planning Commission meeting demanding transparency about the $800M facility. Concerns include massive water consumption, electricity usage, farmland loss, and environmental and health impacts. A power plant for the data center was fast-tracked and approved with no public hearings. Nearby communities enacted moratoriums in response: Monclova Township approved a 12-month moratorium in February 2026, and Maumee City Council approved a 12-month moratorium on February 2, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.13abc.com/2026/02/19/northwest-ohio-communities-grapple-with-data-center-developments-possible-plans/", "https://bgindependentmedia.org/tempers-flare-as-citizens-seek-moratorium-on-any-more-data-centers-in-wood-county/", "https://bgindependentmedia.org/meta-data-center-how-it-went-from-economic-development-coup-to-project-local-residents-rue/", "https://www.wtol.com/article/news/local/middleton-township-trustees-rezoning-withdrawal-near-meta-data-center/512-5da23a41-89d4-442c-a42b-9bf31ed90e0d", "https://rgp.org/regional-growth-partnership-and-jobsohio-welcome-meta-to-northwest-ohio-with-new-800-million-data-center-announcement/", "https://bgindependentmedia.org/power-plant-for-meta-data-center-in-wood-county-fast-tracked-approved-with-no-public-hearings/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/meta-to-develop-data-center-campus-outside-toledo-ohio/", "https://www.toledoblade.com/business/development/2025/04/09/data-center-middleton-township-meta-facebook-800-million-dollar-ohio-wood-county/stories/20250407109", "https://www.statenews.org/section/the-ohio-newsroom/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success", "https://signalohio.org/ohio-data-center-boom-faces-political-resistence/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland", "grid_energy", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Demand transparency on Meta's $800M data center under construction in Middleton Township", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "new-brunswick-nj-2026-02-19", "jurisdiction": "New Brunswick", "state": "NJ", "county": "Middlesex County", "lat": 40.4862, "lng": -74.4518, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-19", "status": "passed", "company": "Amzak Capital Management", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 22, "building_sq_ft": 27000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Food & Water Watch", "NAACP New Jersey Chapter", "Climate Revolution Action Network", "NJ B.U.R.N. (Build Up Resistance Now)", "New Brunswick NAACP", "NJ Build Up Resistance Now (NJ B.U.R.N.)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "New Brunswick, New Jersey, City Council voted unanimously on Feb 19, 2026 to remove data centers as a permitted use from the Jersey-Sandford Redevelopment Plan, killing the Amzak Capital-backed 27,000 sq ft AI data center proposal (proposed by Amzak Capital Management) (22 acres). The site at 100 Jersey Avenue was restored to its original designation as public park space. The decision came after hundreds of residents rallied inside and outside City Hall in opposition.", "sources": [ "https://www.commondreams.org/news/new-brunswick-ai-data-center", "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/02/20/new-brunswick-city-council-rejects-data-center/", "https://www.thecooldown.com/green-business/new-brunswick-nj-ai-data-center-defeated/", "https://patch.com/new-jersey/newbrunswick/new-brunswick-city-council-kills-proposal-build-ai-data-center-100-jersey", "https://jerseyvindicator.org/2026/02/21/new-brunswick-rejects-data-center-plan-following-public-backlash/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/proposed-data-center-in-new-brunswick-new-jersey-denied-by-local-authorities/", "https://www.dailytargum.com/article/new-brunswick-city-council-cancels-data-center-plans-in-response-to-protest-20260219" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Deny Amzak Capital Management data center on 22 acres in New Brunswick", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "iowa-statewide-ia-2026-02-19", "jurisdiction": "Iowa (statewide)", "state": "IA", "county": null, "lat": 41.5868, "lng": -93.625, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-19", "status": "dead", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Iowa Transparency Bill", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Iowa State Association of Counties (supportive)", "Iowa State Association of Counties" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.iowacounties.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Iowa HF 2447, proposed by Rep. Cindy Golding (R-Cedar Rapids), creates new reporting requirements and utility rate structures for data centers. Data centers must file quarterly reports with the Iowa DNR on water usage (source, volume, efficiency) and quarterly energy reports with the Iowa Utilities Commission (power consumption, on-site generators, sustainability metrics like waste heat reuse). All data must be publicly shared online within 30 days. The bill also requires the Iowa Utilities Commission to create a separate rate class for data centers to prevent grid upgrade costs from being shifted to residents. Separately, HF 2261 would create a new water utility customer class for energy facilities requiring 20+ MW. The bill survived legislative funnel week in February 2026. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: Iowa adjourned sine die May 3, 2026; the transparency/reporting bill did not become law.", "sources": [ "https://www.axios.com/local/des-moines/2026/02/19/iowa-lawmakers-push-data-center-transparency", "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/2/20/state-data-center-legislation-in-2026-tackles-energy-and-tax-issues", "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/3/3/state-data-center-water-usage-legislation-gains-momentum-in-2025", "https://www.iowacounties.org/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/01032026/iowa-county-data-center-ordinance/", { "url": "https://iowacapitaldispatch.com/2026/05/04/the-2026-legislative-session-is-over-heres-what-passed-failed-and-what-is-already-iowa-law/", "title": "Iowa 2026 session recap" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HF 2447", "bill_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/legislation/BillBook?ga=91&ba=HF+2447", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Create separate utility rate class for large data centers in IA", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Cindy Golding (R-IA)" ] }, { "id": "mercer-county-ky-moratorium-2026-03-03", "jurisdiction": "Mercer County (moratorium)", "state": "KY", "county": "Mercer County", "lat": 37.8123, "lng": -84.8713, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-19", "status": "passed", "company": "Unknown (marketed by JLL Properties)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 555, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "We Are Mercer County" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-construction-of-data-centers-in-rural-mercer-co-ky", "petition_signatures": 3756, "summary": "The Mercer County Commission voted 3-2 on March 3, 2026 to enact a one-year moratorium on data center applications, halting all activity relating to data center projects in the county. Commissioner Jamee Folk made the motion after an hour of heated public testimony from residents concerned about a proposed 555-acre hyperscale data center on prime farmland near Shaker Village at Pleasant Hill. Residents cited lack of transparency from data center proponents, fears of increased electric rates, and threats to agricultural heritage. Over 3,100 residents had signed a petition voicing concerns about the project, and hundreds packed the Mercer County Fairgrounds at earlier meetings to voice unified opposition. The moratorium can be lifted early or extended by the commission. This follows the 'We Are Mercer County' grassroots campaign that mobilized through packed public meetings and a rapidly growing petition drive.", "sources": [ "https://www.wkyt.com/2026/02/17/mercer-county-residents-oppose-proposed-data-center-farmland/", "https://www.weku.org/the-commonwealth/2026-02-20/data-center-debate-draws-hundreds-to-meeting-in-mercer-county", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-construction-of-data-centers-in-rural-mercer-co-ky", "https://www.lex18.com/news/covering-kentucky/data-center-opposition-grows-in-mercer-county-as-residents-voice-concerns", "https://spectrumnews1.com/ky/louisville/news/2026/02/22/mercer-county-residents-petition-against-data-center", "https://fox56news.com/news/local/proposal-to-build-data-center-in-mercer-county-sparks-debate-among-community-members/", "https://www.lex18.com/news/covering-kentucky/mercer-county-residents-rally-against-proposed-data-center-development", "https://fox56news.com/news/local/questions-surround-proposed-mercer-county-data-center-development/", "https://www.kfyrtv.com/2026/03/04/mercer-county-issues-moratorium-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "ratepayer", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Enact one-year moratorium on data center applications in Mercer County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "aurora-il-2026-02-19", "jurisdiction": "Aurora", "state": "IL", "county": "Kane County", "lat": 41.7606, "lng": -88.3201, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-19", "status": "pending", "company": "CyrusOne", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 350, "megawatts": 40, "acreage": 32, "building_sq_ft": 446000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Data Centers in Aurora IL", "GreenLatinos Illinois", "Illinois Environmental Council" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.greenlatinos.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-in-aurora-il", "petition_signatures": 669, "summary": "Aurora (IL) is debating what supporters describe as the strictest-in-Illinois data center noise and setback ordinance. The February 19, 2026 Planning & Development Committee meeting did not finalize rules; regulations remain under active debate in 2026. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://www.nprillinois.org/2026-03-26/aurora-passes-some-of-the-strongest-data-center-regulations-in-illinois.]", "sources": [ "https://www.chicagotribune.com/2026/02/19/aurora-considers-new-data-center-regulations-around-noise-water-and-power/", "https://abc7chicago.com/post/what-is-data-center-expect-more-centers-illinois-like-cyrusone-aurora-il-amid-noise-electric-bill-complaints/18610141/", "https://www.cyrusone.com/resources/press-releases/cyrusone-breaks-ground-on-new-data-center-in-aurora", "https://patch.com/illinois/aurora/ground-breaks-350m-data-center-aurora", "https://www.chicagotribune.com/2026/02/09/aurora-to-host-open-house-on-data-centers-amid-moratorium/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-in-aurora-il", "https://www.nprillinois.org/2026-03-26/aurora-passes-some-of-the-strongest-data-center-regulations-in-illinois" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 40, "investment_usd": 350000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Adopt strictest-in-Illinois data center noise and setback regulations in Aurora", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "jurisdiction_ambiguous", "note": "prior summary conflated the 2024 CyrusOne groundbreaking with the February 2026 regulations debate; status revised from passed/win to pending while Aurora continues to consider the ordinance. Petition count updated to 669", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "town-of-dryden-ny-2026-02-20", "jurisdiction": "Town of Dryden", "state": "NY", "county": "Tompkins County", "lat": 42.4909, "lng": -76.2974, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-19", "status": "passed", "company": "TeraWulf", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Cayuga Data Campus", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 183, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Dryden Climate Action Committee" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.dryden.ny.us/climate-action-committee", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Town of Dryden, NY adopted a preventative data center zoning restriction on February 19, 2026. The TeraWulf Cayuga project referenced in earlier coverage is in Lansing, not Dryden — Dryden's action was preventative, not tied to a specific application.", "sources": [ "https://ithacavoice.org/2026/02/the-town-of-dryden-just-banned-data-centers-heres-why/", "https://www.wbng.com/2026/02/23/town-dryden-passes-resolution-ban-construction-data-centers/", "https://www.wskg.org/regional-news/2026-02-27/dryden-says-no-to-data-centers-cryptocurrency-mines", "https://www.cortlandstandard.com/news/official-dryden-is-first-town-in-ny-to-outlaw-data-centers/article_ad4e8336-307e-430a-88af-fec269f938d1.html", "https://www.tompkinsweekly.com/news/dryden-community-speaks-out-against-data-centers-e4f63f86", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/cryptominer-terawulf-secures-200mw-lease-with-fluidstack-google-to-take-stake-in-company/", "https://investors.terawulf.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/113/terawulf-secures-long-term-ground-lease-at-cayuga-site-to" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Ban commercial crypto mining in Town of Dryden", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Google': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "manitowoc-county-three-towns-resolution-wi-2026-02-20", "jurisdiction": "Manitowoc County (Three Towns Resolution)", "state": "WI", "lat": 44.1122, "lng": -87.6677, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-20", "summary": "Three northeast Wisconsin towns -- Two Creeks, Two Rivers, and Mishicot -- passed resolutions calling on Manitowoc County to place a one-year moratorium on new data center permits and construction, with an option to extend for six months. The resolutions were prompted by Texas-based Cloverleaf Infrastructure approaching local landowners with offers to purchase farmland for a data center. The area is targeted due to its proximity to the Point Beach nuclear power plant. Farmers are concerned about losing agricultural land and residents worry about changes to the rural character. The resolutions go to the Manitowoc County Planning and Park Commission, then to the full county board for consideration.", "sources": [ "https://www.wpr.org/news/northeast-wisconsin-towns-1-year-moratorium-data-centers", "https://fox11online.com/news/local/manitowoc-county-towns-band-together-petitioning-to-hold-off-new-data-centers-artificial-intelligence-economic-development", "https://www.nbc26.com/lakeshore/three-wisconsin-lakeshore-communities-unite-to-pass-data-center-moratorium", "https://www.wearegreenbay.com/top-stories/manitowoc-county-towns-ask-for-moratorium-on-data-center-projects/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Two Creeks residents", "Two Rivers residents", "Mishicot residents", "Manitowoc County farmers" ], "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "company": "Cloverleaf Infrastructure", "scope": "local", "county": "Manitowoc County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "farmland", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause data center permits for statewide study in WI", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "sanders-national-moratorium-federal-dc-2026-02-23", "jurisdiction": "Sanders National Moratorium (federal)", "state": "DC", "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "status": "pending", "date": "2026-03-25", "summary": "Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-VT) and Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY) introduced the AI Data Center Moratorium Act on March 25, 2026, proposing a nationwide halt on new data center construction until Congress passes federal AI legislation establishing worker protections, consumer safeguards, environmental standards, and civil rights provisions. The bill formalizes Sanders' earlier moratorium call from December 2025. It is unlikely to advance — Sen. John Fetterman (D-PA) called it 'China First' and most lawmakers of both parties have rejected moratorium proposals. Food & Water Watch endorsed the bill, saying it is 'desperately needed as Americans' energy bills skyrocket.'", "sources": [ "https://www.sanders.senate.gov/press-releases/news-sanders-yes-we-need-a-moratorium-on-data-center-construction/", "https://www.commondreams.org/news/denver-data-center", "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/01/01/ai-data-centers-bernie-sanders-ron-desantis-electricity-prices.html", "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2025/12/08/230-groups-call-for-national-moratorium-on-new-data-centers/", "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/National-Data-Center-Moratorium.pdf", "https://www.commondreams.org/news/bernie-sanders-data-centers", "https://techcrunch.com/2025/12/08/environmental-groups-call-for-halt-to-new-data-center-construction/", "https://www.sanders.senate.gov/press-releases/news-sanders-ocasio-cortez-announce-ai-data-center-moratorium-act/", "https://thehill.com/policy/technology/5801008-ai-data-center-moratorium-act/", "https://www.axios.com/2026/03/25/sanders-aoc-data-center-moratorium-bill", "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/4214" ], "opposition_groups": [ "230+ environmental groups coalition" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "federal", "opposition_website": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "county": "District of Columbia", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "AI Data Center Moratorium Act", "bill_url": "https://www.sanders.senate.gov/press-releases/news-sanders-ocasio-cortez-announce-ai-data-center-moratorium-act/", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "environmental", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Call for national moratorium on data center construction", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-VT)", "Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY)" ] }, { "id": "north-coventry-township-pa-2026-02-23", "jurisdiction": "North Coventry Township", "state": "PA", "lat": 40.1948, "lng": -75.671, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-23", "summary": "In North Coventry Township, Pennsylvania, Township supervisors voted 3-2 to reject a 120,000 sq ft, three-story 'boutique' data center on 18 acres off Route 724 before the proposal was even formally submitted. Over 100 residents attended, mostly in opposition. Developer Envision Land Use subsequently abandoned the plan entirely. The proposed site was at 299 W. Schuylkill Road, adjacent to Route 100 near a PECO substation.", "sources": [ "https://www.readingeagle.com/2026/03/03/north-coventry-rejects-boutique-data-center-idea/", "https://www.inquirer.com/news/pennsylvania/north-coventry-data-center-20260224.html", "https://vista.today/2026/02/north-coventry-data-center-scrap/", "https://www.pottsmerc.com/2026/03/03/north-coventry-rejects-boutique-data-center-idea/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03032026/pennsylvania-data-center-resistance/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Prevent North Coventry Data Center" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "company": "Envision Land Use", "acreage": 17, "building_sq_ft": 120000, "opposition_facebook": null, "jobs_promised": 6, "opposition_website": "https://www.savepennsylvania.com/petitions", "scope": "local", "county": "Chester County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Deny Envision Land Use data center on 18 acres in North Coventry", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "st-lucie-county-fl-2026-02-23", "jurisdiction": "St. Lucie County", "state": "FL", "county": "St. Lucie County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 27.4467, "lng": -80.3256, "date": "2026-02-23", "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "status": "cancelled", "scope": "local", "summary": "In St. Lucie County, Florida, The developer of Sentinel Grove Technology Park (Project Jarvis), a proposed 1,218-acre, 15-million-square-foot, $13.5B data center campus at 1GW capacity in Fort Pierce (proposed by Epic Estates 68 LLC / Timberline Real Estate Partners), withdrew its land-use application in anticipation of Gov. DeSantis's proposed legislation restricting hyperscale data centers on agricultural and environmentally sensitive lands. As of February 2026, the project is listed as 'Canceled' in county records. Florida Senate bills CS/SB 482 and CS/CS/SB 484 introduce land-use restrictions, utility cost requirements, and transparency rules for large data centers.", "opposition_groups": [ "St. Lucie County residents" ], "sources": [ "https://www.wptv.com/wptv-investigates/scrapped-developer-of-st-lucie-county-data-center-project-may-withdraw-plan-amid-new-ai-legislation", "https://floridaphoenix.com/2026/01/01/thirsty-ai-data-center-runs-into-florida-community-opposition-2/", "https://www.wflx.com/2026/02/23/scrapped-developer-st-lucie-county-data-center-project-may-withdraw-plan-amid-new-ai-legislation/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/say-no-to-sentinel-grove-technology-park-ai-data-center-in-st-lucie-county", "petition_signatures": 1037, "bill_name": "FL SB 484 / HB 1007", "bill_url": "https://www.wusf.org/politics-issues/2026-02-26/florida-senate-unanimously-passes-restrictions-large-scale-data-centers", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "developer", "objective": "Force withdrawal of 15M sq ft Sentinel Grove data center in Fort Pierce via HB 1007 restrictions", "community_outcome": "win", "company": "Epic Estates 68 LLC / Timberline Real Estate Partners", "megawatts": 1000, "investment_million_usd": 13500, "acreage": 1218, "project_name": "Sentinel Grove Technology Park / Project Jarvis" }, { "id": "denver-co-2026-02-24", "jurisdiction": "Denver", "state": "CO", "county": "Denver County", "lat": 39.7392, "lng": -104.9903, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-24", "status": "active", "company": "CoreSite", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "CoreSite DE3 / Elyria-Swansea campus", "investment_million_usd": 250, "megawatts": 60, "acreage": 15, "building_sq_ft": 600000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "GES Coalition", "GES Coalition (Globeville Elyria-Swansea Coalition)" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.ges-coalition.org/good-neighbor-proposal", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Denver City Council planning committee approved on March 31, 2026 a measure for a one-year moratorium on acceptance/processing of data center permit and site development applications. First reading before full City Council was held April 20, 2026 as scheduled. Second reading and public hearing are set for May 18, 2026; if approved, the moratorium would take effect May 21, 2026. The moratorium was prompted by a large CoreSite data center under construction in Elyria-Swansea. Mayor Johnston and city council appear aligned on passage.", "sources": [ "https://www.denvergazette.com/2026/03/31/denver-proposes-yearlong-moratorium-on-new-data-centers/", "https://www.denvergazette.com/2026/04/10/denver-city-council-to-consider-data-centers-buffalo-on-call-landscape-deals/", "https://denverite.com/2026/03/31/denvers-data-center-moratorium-ban/", "https://coloradosun.com/2026/02/24/denver-data-center-moratorium-state-legislature-opposition/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "contract_guarantees", "environmental", "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Halt data centers in Denver after CoreSite proposal", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "lincoln-county-sd-2026-02-24", "jurisdiction": "Lincoln County", "state": "SD", "county": "Lincoln County", "lat": 43.3283, "lng": -96.7214, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-24", "status": "defeated", "company": "Gemini Data Center SD LLC (Gemini Capital)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Sioux Falls Hyperscale Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 1900, "megawatts": 500, "acreage": 160, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 100, "opposition_groups": [ "Lincoln County residents (Commissioner Joel Arends supporters)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Lincoln County Commissioner Joel Arends proposed a one-year moratorium on hyperscale data centers requiring 100+ MW, calling it an opportunity to 'press pause and further research' the impacts of projects like Gemini Data Center SD LLC's proposed $1.9 billion, 500MW facility on 164 acres. However, no commissioner seconded the motion, killing the measure. Commissioner Jim Schmidt argued projects of that scale already take at least a year to go through the permitting process with multiple public hearings. The commission voted 3-2 to refer regulations to Planning and Zoning instead, to the dismay of 15 constituents in the audience who supported the moratorium.", "sources": [ "https://www.mitchellrepublic.com/news/south-dakota/lincoln-county-backs-down-on-hyperscale-data-center-moratorium", "https://www.dakotanewsnetwork.com/2026/02/27/lincoln-county-commissioners-discuss-moratorium-on-building-data-centers", "https://kelo.com/2026/02/26/889056/", "https://siouxfalls.business/hyperscale-data-center-seeking-city-approvals-to-build-northeast-of-sioux-falls/", "https://www.sdpb.org/business-economics/2025-08-15/la-based-company-looking-to-build-data-center-in-sioux-falls", "https://siouxfalls.business/sioux-falls-data-center-developers-detail-next-steps/", "https://www.siouxfallslive.com/news/sioux-falls/sioux-falls-group-wants-citywide-vote-on-data-center-rezone", "https://www.keloland.com/news/local-news/where-to-sign-petitions-to-bring-data-center-to-a-vote/", "https://www.siouxfallslive.com/news/sioux-falls/planned-data-center-sparks-outrage-in-downtown-sioux-falls", "https://www.sdnewswatch.org/gemini-data-center-power-usage-sioux-falls-sd-ai-electricty/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Propose data centers moratorium after Gemini Data Center SD proposal", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "sunbury-oh-2026-02-24", "jurisdiction": "Sunbury", "state": "OH", "county": "Delaware County", "lat": 40.2426, "lng": -82.8591, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-15", "status": "passed", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 2000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 1200, "building_sq_ft": 450000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 50, "opposition_groups": [ "Sunbury Residents Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 15, 2026, Sunbury City Council unanimously passed a moratorium on data centers effective until January 31, 2027, pausing the proposed $2 billion AWS data center project at the city's 1,200-acre Business and Technology Park between SR 37 and Vans Valley Road. About 200 residents filled the high school auditorium for the meeting; Mayor Joe St. John cited a need to wait for Ohio's Data Center Study Commission (HB 646). After the moratorium passed, council unanimously approved annexation of an additional 95 acres adjacent to the AWS site.", "sources": [ "https://abc6onyourside.com/news/local/sunbury-ohio-delaware-county-residents-voice-opposition-to-proposed-amazon-data-center", "https://www.nbc4i.com/news/local-news/sunbury/sunbury-residents-push-back-against-data-center-development/", "https://www.ohio.news/stories/sunbury-data-center-postponed-while-lawmakers-consider-new-commission-to-dispel-inaccurate-myths/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/aws-plans-2bn-data-center-campus-in-sunbury-ohio/", "https://www.10tv.com/article/news/local/boomtown-ohio/amazon-new-data-center-delaware-county-ohio/530-df6756a8-47e3-4e04-a78d-189d4d014168", "https://signalohio.org/ohio-data-center-boom-faces-political-resistence/", "https://signalohio.org/columbus-suburb-sues-to-block-amazon-data-centers-six-acre-array-of-228-fuel-cells-ohio/", "https://baxtel.com/data-center/amazon-sunbury-ohio", "https://www.delgazette.com/2026/03/25/sunbury-mayor-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://abc6onyourside.com/news/local/sunbury-ohio-delaware-county-residents-voice-opposition-to-proposed-amazon-data-center", "https://www.wosu.org/politics-government/2026-04-16/sunbury-city-council-passes-moratorium-on-data-centers", "https://www.10tv.com/article/news/local/sunbury-city-council-passes-moratorium-data-centers/530-1802c6de-12e6-48c6-b390-1308fbcbc76c" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "investment_usd": 2000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Block Amazon/AWS rezoning of 330 acres in Sunbury", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "moratorium passed 6-0 on April 15; acreage revised from 330 to 241", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "cobb-county-ga-2026-02-24", "jurisdiction": "Cobb County", "state": "GA", "county": "Cobb County", "lat": 33.9418, "lng": -84.5761, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-24", "status": "active", "company": "Grindcap (MMM Acquisitions LLC)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Marietta Campus Data Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 108, "acreage": 31, "building_sq_ft": 347200, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Cobb County, Georgia, Board of Commissioners voted unanimously to implement a 180-day moratorium on new data center permits and rezoning applications in unincorporated areas, prompted by Grindcap (MMM Acquisitions LLC)'s proposed 108MW data center on 31 acres. Resolution cited noise pollution, air quality impacts from cooling systems and backup generators, aesthetics concerns, and significant effects on power and water utilities.", "sources": [ "https://www.fox5atlanta.com/news/cobb-county-temporarily-pauses-new-data-center-development", "https://www.wsbradio.com/news/local/cobb-county-approves-temporary-ban-new-data-centers/2L4HP572S5ENLO2RQQYH7RO2TY/", "https://www.wsbtv.com/news/local/cobb-county/cobb-county-commissioners-discuss-possible-data-center-moratorium/2ZSO5R6PHBF37EOPULZWQFDXZU/", "https://www.sierraclub.org/georgia/datacenters", "https://baxtel.com/data-center/grindcap-marietta-campus", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/108mw-data-center-campus-granted-zoning-approval-outside-atlanta-georgia/", "https://www.atlantanewsfirst.com/2025/06/30/zoning-approved-new-marietta-data-center/", "https://www.wsbtv.com/news/local/cobb-county/marietta-city-council-approves-plan-31-acre-data-center/UIDXM4QEJ5EMDGAQMPLRENRRF4/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "environmental", "noise", "water", "zoning", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in Cobb County (Grindcap (MMM Acquisitions))", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "franklin-county-in-2026-02-24", "jurisdiction": "Franklin County", "state": "IN", "county": "Franklin County", "lat": 39.4228, "lng": -85.0589, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-24", "status": "active", "company": "ABEI Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1750, "megawatts": 860, "acreage": 300, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 5000, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Franklin Township", "Citizens Action Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.protectft.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/halt-the-proposed-data-center-land-development-in-franklin-township", "petition_signatures": 8176, "summary": "Franklin County, Indiana, Commissioners voted unanimously to extend the data center moratorium through February 2027, preventing new applications while the county gathers information and develops regulations for large-scale data center operations like ABEI Energy's proposed $1.75 billion, 860MW facility on 300 acres ($1.8B). The extended timeline provides additional study time beyond the original one-year term.", "sources": [ "https://www.eaglecountryonline.com/news/local-news/franklin-co-commissioners-place-year-long-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://wrbiradio.com/fc-commissioners-ok-data-center-moratorium-extension/", "https://www.ibj.com/articles/3-counties-put-moratoriums-on-data-center-projects", "https://www.brookvilleindiana.com/story/2026/01/07/news/data-center-introduced/1057.html", "https://wrbiradio.com/crowd-packs-meeting-on-data-center/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Halt data centers in Franklin County after ABEI Energy proposal", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "south-dakota-moratorium-incentive-defeat-sd-2026-02-24", "jurisdiction": "South Dakota (moratorium/incentive defeat)", "state": "SD", "county": "Hughes County", "lat": 44.3668, "lng": -100.3538, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-24", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SB 232", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Dakota Rural Action" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/dakotaruralaction/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In South Dakota, multiple data center bills saw different outcomes: HB 1005 (50-year sales tax exemption for data centers) was rejected 9-3 in House State Affairs Committee. SB 232 (one-year moratorium) passed committee but was killed in full Senate vote. SB 135 ('Data Center Bill of Rights for Citizens' from Sen. Karr) passed committee 5-4 - it would set protections for utility ratepayers and resources while banning tax exemptions for data centers. Bills addressing noise levels, minimum distances from residences, and water/electricity regulation were also halted.", "sources": [ "https://kelo.com/2026/02/24/887979/", "https://legiscan.com/SD/bill/SB232/2026", "https://siouxfalls.business/lawmakers-kill-bid-to-entice-data-centers-to-south-dakota-with-tax-exemptions/", "https://southdakotasearchlight.com/2026/02/04/data-center-tax-break-proposal-fails-in-south-dakota-legislative-committee/", "https://southdakotasearchlight.com/2026/02/18/data-center-restrictions-earn-lawmaker-endorsement-as-fight-continues-over-tax-incentives/", "https://southdakotasearchlight.com/2026/02/24/a-missing-senator-a-failed-search-and-two-dead-data-center-bills-the-south-dakota-senates-chaotic-day/", "https://www.kotaradio.com/2026/02/19/moratorium-on-hyperscale-data-centers-fails-after-confusing-series-of-votes/", "https://www.sdnewswatch.org/south-dakota-senate-data-center-vote/", "https://www.sdpb.org/politics/2026-02-19/committee-kills-data-center-moratorium-bill", "https://www.dakotanewsnow.com/2026/03/11/data-center-bill-rights-heads-governor-rhodens-desk/", "https://southdakotasearchlight.com/2026/03/05/data-center-regulation-bill-passes-south-dakota-house/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "SB 135 - Data Center Bill of Rights for Citizens", "bill_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/Session/Bill/27028/297535", "issue_category": [ "noise", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Shield ratepayers from data center costs via HB 1005", "community_outcome": "mixed", "sponsors": [ "Senate President Pro Tempore Chris Karr (R-SD)" ], "opposition_facebook_members": 7355 }, { "id": "indiana-statewide-rally-moratorium-push-in-2026-02-24", "jurisdiction": "Indiana (statewide rally/moratorium push)", "state": "IN", "county": "Marion County", "lat": 39.7684, "lng": -86.1581, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-24", "status": "active", "company": "Meta (Lebanon data center), Amazon ($11B Lake Michigan data center), Google ($2B Fort Wayne campus), Sabey (Decatur Township proposal)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Action Coalition", "Hoosier Action", "Just Transition Northwest Indiana", "Citizens Action Coalition Indiana" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/cacindiana", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Over 200 people from 40 counties attended a 'People's Hearing on Data Centers' at the Indiana State Library on Feb 24, organized by Hoosier Action (proposed by Meta). Attendees delivered postcards urging legislators and Gov. Braun to regulate data centers. Rep. Shackleford's HB 1245 (requiring IURC to study data center energy impacts) never advanced. Citizens Action Coalition has called for a statewide moratorium since October 2025. Local moratoriums are advancing: Fulton County approved a one-year moratorium on March 3; Starke County and Dearborn County also enacted moratoriums.", "sources": [ "https://www.wboi.org/2026-03-02/at-a-pivotal-moment-for-data-centers-indiana-lawmakers-take-little-action", "https://www.wfyi.org/news/articles/data-center-legislation-indiana-general-assembly-2026", "https://www.govtech.com/products/residents-push-indiana-community-toward-halt-on-data-centers", "https://mirrorindy.org/data-center-legislation-indiana-general-assembly-2026/", "https://www.wfyi.org/news/articles/indiana-data-center-protest-lebanon-meta", "https://www.wbiw.com/2026/02/18/the-peoples-hearing-hoosiers-gather-to-confront-data-center-expansion-and-utility-hikes/", "https://www.wthr.com/article/news/local/you-have-to-be-accountable-to-us-people-lead-data-center-hearing-after-state-legislature-fails-to-hoosier-action/531-732599ee-ea7b-4d20-8ace-de0785425182" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-05", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 1245 (IURC Data Center Study)", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Halt data centers in Indiana after Meta proposal", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_facebook_members": 5096, "bill_url": "https://iga.in.gov/legislative/2026/bills/house/1245", "sponsors": [ "Hoosier Action" ] }, { "id": "mooringsport-caddo-parish-la-2026-02-24", "jurisdiction": "Mooringsport (Caddo Parish)", "state": "LA", "lat": 32.6885, "lng": -93.9621, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-24", "summary": "Mooringsport Mayor Tyler Gordon, Michael Craft, and Mary Blakemore filed a petition for judicial review in Caddo District Court challenging the Shreveport City Council's approval of a special use permit for a TXLAAR LLC data center (300 MW, 250 acres). The lawsuit alleges the city violated transparency laws by using NDAs, and that the facility would use up to 7.5 million gallons of water/day and discharge 2.5 million gallons of contaminated wastewater daily. The Sierra Club Delta Chapter supports the lawsuit and is working to join as co-plaintiffs. The facility would include seven 400,000 sq ft buildings. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'loss' per https://www.ksla.com/2026/04/21/shreveport-data-center-lawsuit-city-shreveport-wins/.]", "sources": [ "https://www.sierraclub.org/louisiana", "https://www.ksla.com/2026/02/24/shreveport-data-center-lawsuit-petition-alleges-city-withheld-public-information/", "https://www.shreveportbossieradvocate.com/business/lawsuit-louisiana-data-center/article_cbaa12e5-c5f8-4861-87b5-8c380d752a18.html", "https://www.ktalnews.com/news/louisiana/mccormick-investigates-shreveport-blanchard-ndas/", "https://www.ktbs.com/news/residents-worry-as-single-developer-eyes-northwest-louisiana-properties-for-possible-data-centers/article_f4703867-d836-480e-b8c0-5954afbc6d89.html", "https://www.ktbs.com/news/city-of-shreveport-sued-over-data-center-vote/article_0bc5e38c-1443-4943-99b4-d30f77849960.html" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Shreveport residents", "Mooringsport officials", "Sierra Club Delta Chapter" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "company": "TXLAAR LLC", "megawatts": 300, "building_sq_ft": 2800000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 7500000, "opposition_website": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "acreage": 250, "jobs_promised": 540, "scope": "local", "county": "Caddo Parish", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge TIF financing for TXLAAR data center", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Confirm the flag (figure_unverified is correct for jobs_promised=540 on THIS facility) but the proposed RATIONALE is wrong and must not be applied as written. Independent verification of primary sourc", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "everett-ma-2026-02-24", "jurisdiction": "Everett", "state": "MA", "lat": 42.4084, "lng": -71.0537, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "pending", "date": "2026-02-24", "summary": "Everett Planning Board voted unanimously on April 6, 2026 to endorse an ordinance restricting data centers in the Docklands Innovation District (EDID). The ordinance caps facilities at 20,000 sq ft or 5 MW (whichever is smaller) and requires special permits. Now advances to the City Council for final action.", "sources": [ "https://www.boston.com/news/local-news/2026/04/08/everett-restricts-data-centers-development/", "https://www.wbur.org/news/2026/04/06/data-centers-ai-massachusetts-pollution-pushback" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Acadia Center" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-the-construction-of-data-centers-in-everett-ma", "petition_signatures": 1252, "scope": "local", "county": "Middlesex County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "noise", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "water" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "650-signature petition calling for preemptive data center construction ban in Everett", "community_outcome": "pending", "megawatts": 5, "building_sq_ft": 20000 }, { "id": "west-rockhill-township-bucks-county-pa-2026-02-24", "jurisdiction": "West Rockhill Township (Bucks County)", "state": "PA", "lat": 40.3824, "lng": -75.3569, "action_type": [ "ordinance", "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2026-04-15", "summary": "West Rockhill Township Board of Supervisors unanimously adopted a zoning ordinance regulating data centers on April 15, 2026, limiting them to the township's Planned Industrial district by special exception. Standards include 25-acre minimum lot size, 35-foot height limit, 150-foot parking setback from residential lots, mandatory on-site solar generation, and underground utility lines where practical. Approximately 150 residents attended the hearing; many called the ordinance too lenient. Supervisors directed the solicitor to prepare amendments based on resident feedback for a May 20 follow-up meeting. No formal data center application has been submitted; an informal sketch plan was presented in fall 2025 for 215 Cathill Road in Sellersville.", "sources": [ "https://keystonenewsroom.com/2026/04/14/west-rockhill-considers-these-new-data-center-regulations/", "https://centralbucksnews.com/news/2026/feb/26/west-rockhill-supervisors-advance-data-center-regulations/", "https://www.thereporteronline.com/2026/02/23/west-rockhill-supervisors-advance-data-center-regulations/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Better Path Coalition" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county": "Bucks County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Restrict data centers to industrial zones in West Rockhill", "community_outcome": "mixed", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/betterpathpage/" }, { "id": "east-rockhill-township-bucks-county-pa-2026-02-24", "jurisdiction": "East Rockhill Township (Bucks County)", "state": "PA", "lat": 40.3825, "lng": -75.3176, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-02-24", "summary": "East Rockhill supervisors advanced a preemptive data center ordinance (no application yet received). Restricts data centers to industrial districts at Pennridge Airport, requires 50-acre minimum lot size, proposes 60-foot height limit. Nearly identical to ordinance under consideration in neighboring West Rockhill.", "sources": [ "https://northpennnow.com/news/2026/apr/04/east-rockhill-supervisors-advance-data-center-ordi/", "https://centralbucksnews.com/news/2026/mar/31/east-rockhill-supervisors-advance-data-center-ordinance/", "https://www.bucksindependence.com/east-rockhill-supervisors-advance-data-center-ordinance/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Better Path Coalition" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county": "Bucks County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Restrict data centers to industrial zones in East Rockhill", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/betterpathpage/", "acreage": 50 }, { "id": "hilliard-oh-2026-02-24", "jurisdiction": "Hilliard", "state": "OH", "county": "Franklin County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 40.0334, "lng": -83.1585, "date": "2026-02-24", "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "energy_mw": 73, "summary": "City of Hilliard is suing to block Amazon's plan to install 228 natural gas-fed solid oxide fuel cell units on a 6-acre site adjacent to its data center campus (73 MW, $200M, 142 acres). The Ohio Power Siting Board approved the project under HB 15, preempting local review. Opposition group 'Protect Hilliard' formed; residents worry about pollutants near an elementary school. NEW: Amazon is also seeking a Title V operating permit for 158 Tier 2 diesel backup generators at 4120 Scioto Darby Creek Rd. Ohio EPA public hearing scheduled March 19, 2026 at Hilliard Community Center. Public comment period through March 25. Residents mailed 160+ signed petition letters to Ohio EPA asking them to require Tier 4 generators instead.", "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Hilliard" ], "opposition_website": "https://hilliardcleanair.org/", "sources": [ "https://www.axios.com/local/columbus/2026/03/04/amazon-hilliard-data-center-fuel-cell-debate", "https://signalohio.org/columbus-suburb-sues-to-block-amazon-data-centers-six-acre-array-of-228-fuel-cells-ohio/", "https://hilliardohio.gov/fuel-cells/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/city-of-hilliard-challenges-amazon-fuel-cell-project-at-ohio-data-center-report/", "https://sciotovalleyguardian.com/2026/03/11/amazon-data-center-wants-to-run-158-generators-in-a-columbus-suburb-ohio-epa-is-taking-public-comments/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "investment_million_usd": 200, "megawatts": 73, "acreage": 142, "investment_usd": 200000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge state preemption of local authority in Hilliard", "community_outcome": "pending", "petition_signatures": 600 }, { "id": "city-of-portage-mi-2026-02-25", "jurisdiction": "City of Portage", "state": "MI", "county": "Kalamazoo County", "lat": 42.2012, "lng": -85.58, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-25", "status": "moratorium enacted", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1370478521101998", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18793, "summary": "In City of Portage, Michigan, Portage enacted a temporary moratorium on data centers and battery energy storage facilities through end of year to allow the city to review zoning rules and potential impacts. A public hearing on new ordinance amendments was scheduled for March 2026, Part of a broader trend of at least 27 Michigan communities pausing data center development. [Validation 2026-06-18: status updated to 'moratorium enacted' per https://wkzo.com/2026/03/25/907151/.]", "sources": [ "https://wkzo.com/2026/02/25/894892/", "https://wwmt.com/news/local/portage-considers-one-year-moratorium-data-centers-battery-energy-storage-systems-bess-facilities-development-michigan-wwmt", "https://www.portagemi.gov/m/newsflash/home/detail/1831", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact", "https://wwmt.com/news/local/oshtemo-charter-township-considers-data-center-moratorium-portage-ai-artificial-intelligence-debate-development-battery-energy-bess-west-michigan", "https://titletrackmichigan.org/datacenters/", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Pause battery energy storage systems in City of Portage pending regulations", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "pacific-mo-2026-02-25", "jurisdiction": "Pacific", "state": "MO", "county": "Franklin County", "lat": 38.482, "lng": -90.7415, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-25", "status": "pending", "company": "Beltline Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Meramec Valley Technology Park", "investment_million_usd": 16000, "megawatts": 1300, "acreage": 500, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 1000000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Pacific Root Coalition", "Pacific ROOT Coalition (Pacific Residents Organizing for Our Tomorrow Coalition)" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.pacificrootcoalition.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/protect-pacific-and-the-meramec-valley-from-a-massive-data-center", "petition_signatures": 326, "summary": "Atlanta-based Beltline Energy pitched a $16B, 16-building datacenter campus on 500 acres requiring annexation into Pacific (1.3GW). Hundreds of residents packed Pacific High School in opposition. The developer withdrew the rezoning request at the public hearing after overwhelming community pushback. In April 2026, Mayor Heather Filley, who had supported the data center proposal, lost reelection to Alderwoman Debbie Kelley amid continued data center backlash.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/demand-transparency-on-data-center-records-in-pacific-mo-under-missouri-sunshine-law", "https://www.firstalert4.com/2026/02/26/pacific-data-center-rezoning-meeting-ends-abruptly-after-developer-withdraws-request/", "https://www.change.org/p/protect-pacific-and-the-meramec-valley-from-a-massive-data-center", "https://www.stltoday.com/news/local/business/article_5c90e5b8-234e-4059-ab35-e7bedb3aafb3.html", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-development-at-crooked-creek-beef-farm-pacific-mo", "https://www.ksdk.com/article/news/local/data-center-proposal-sparks-intense-opposition-in-rural-franklin-county/63-1df17e92-1d31-4a96-a64f-b4a10bf99527", "https://www.ksdk.com/article/news/local/hundreds-pack-pacific-high-school-for-data-center-meetingonly-for-it-to-be-canceled/63-a784460e-8349-4f8b-84d9-1947e30b1649", "https://fox2now.com/news/missouri/pacific-residents-push-back-against-data-center/", "https://www.missourian.com/local_news/pacific-data-center-plans-draw-opposition/article_3c39b1fd-2307-4263-89bc-f1b1f61e6002.html", "https://www.stltoday.com/news/local/business/article_bf5f674b-b567-4648-ab4d-e461b95f6cdc.html", "https://www.stlmag.com/business/pacific-data-center-beltline-energy-proposal/", "https://www.pacificrootcoalition.com/", "https://www.westnewsmagazine.com/news/data-center-meeting-fills-pacific-city-hall-to-standing-room-only/article_364f008e-fa84-4055-9a8a-466c091b3e90.html", "https://www.stltoday.com/news/local/business/article_16b3a338-154d-4cbe-ab55-eab7959b34f6.html", "https://www.firstalert4.com/2026/03/14/franklin-county-data-center-projects-return-planning-commission-tuesday-with-frustration-about-process/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Force Beltline Energy to table $16B, 16-building data center campus on 500 acres in Pacific", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "phillipsburg-nj-2026-02-25", "jurisdiction": "Phillipsburg", "state": "NJ", "county": "Warren County", "lat": 40.6934, "lng": -75.1904, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-02-25", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Phillipsburg Town Council Anti-Data Center Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Phillipsburg, NJ Town Council unanimously adopted Ordinance 2026-08 on April 14, 2026 banning data centers in all zoning districts. The final vote followed a February 24 first reading. Concerns about 300MW power demand and 3-5 million gallons/day water usage drove the action.", "sources": [ "https://www.tapinto.net/towns/phillipsburg/sections/government/articles/phillipsburg-to-vote-to-ban-data-centers-citing-major-energy-and-water-demands", "https://www.wfmz.com/news/area/western-newjersey/warren-county/phillipsburg-prepares-to-ban-data-centers-updates-sewer-user-costs/article_a5c18c8c-5745-44cf-8636-dbddcef7e456.html", "https://pinelandsalliance.org/data-center-victories-local-actions-drive-regional-change/", "https://www.tapinto.net/towns/phillipsburg/articles/phillipsburg-council-votes-unanimously-to-shut-the-door-on-data-centers" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "farmland", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Ban data centers in all zones in Phillipsburg", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "dearborn-county-in-2026-02-25", "jurisdiction": "Dearborn County", "state": "IN", "county": "Dearborn County", "lat": 39.1722, "lng": -84.9408, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-25", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Action Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/petition-in-opposition-to-commercial-solar-energy-systems-dearborn-county-indiana", "petition_signatures": 1743, "summary": "Dearborn County, Indiana, Board of Commissioners approved a one-year moratorium on rezoning proposals for commercial solar, battery storage, and data centers effective February 26. The county is collecting public feedback for two months on potential rule changes. No applications will be accepted during the moratorium period.", "sources": [ "https://www.wvxu.org/environment/2026-02-25/dearborn-county-moratorium-solar-farms-data-center", "https://www.eaglecountryonline.com/news/local-news/dearborn-co-commissioners-approve-one-year-moratorium-on-solar-farms/", "https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/finding-solutions/you-have-your-moratorium-what-comes-after-critical-vote-on-solar-farms-data-centers-in-dearborn-county" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause data centers and solar in Dearborn County pending regulations", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "caddo-bossier-parishes-shreveport-area-la-2026-02-25", "jurisdiction": "Caddo-Bossier Parishes (Shreveport area)", "state": "LA", "county": "Caddo Parish", "lat": 32.5252, "lng": -93.7502, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-25", "status": "active", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 12000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 1230, "building_sq_ft": 7000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 7500000, "jobs_promised": 540, "opposition_groups": [ "Caddo Lake Institute", "Shreveport residents", "Mooringsport village officials" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/people/Shreveport-DSA/61557645466818/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": "https://x.com/DSAShreveport", "petition_url": "https://actionnetwork.org/petitions/shreveport-says-no-to-data-centers", "petition_signatures": 1340, "summary": "In Caddo-Bossier Parishes, Louisiana, Amazon announced $12B investment in three data center campuses across northwest Louisiana (west Shreveport, near Blanchard, and north of Benton in Bossier Parish) (1,230 acres). Construction expected to begin March 2026. Community opposition centers on water use (plans to draw from Caddo Lake and Cross Lake), air quality concerns in a state already ranking worst for air quality, transparency issues with elected officials signing NDAs, and potential utility cost increases. Mooringsport village officials voted unanimously for an environmental study on Caddo Lake impacts, but the Caddo Commission declined to vote on water restrictions. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'loss' per https://www.thecentersquare.com/louisiana/article_e6380178-359c-493e-93ee-b3dac084d94b.html.]", "sources": [ "https://www.ksla.com/2026/03/10/amazon-data-center-plan-raises-air-quality-concerns-northwest-louisiana/", "https://www.ktalnews.com/news/local-news/shreveport-bossier-amazon-data-center-water-concerns/", "https://lailluminator.com/2026/02/23/amazon-data-center/", "https://www.enr.com/articles/62581-amazon-to-break-ground-on-12b-louisiana-data-center-network", "https://www.ktalnews.com/news/louisiana/mccormick-investigates-shreveport-blanchard-ndas/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "investment_usd": 12000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "ratepayer", "transparency", "water", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Rally against Amazon's $12B, three-campus data center investment drawing water from Caddo Lake in northwest Louisiana", "community_outcome": "loss", "opposition_facebook_members": 239 }, { "id": "columbus-muscogee-county-ga-2026-02-25", "jurisdiction": "Columbus (Muscogee County)", "state": "GA", "lat": 32.461, "lng": -84.9877, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2026-06-16", "summary": "Columbus, Georgia, City Council discussed a proposed $5.18 billion, 900-acre data center campus (Project Ruby) in northeast Muscogee County near Harris and Talbot County lines (600 MW). Developer Habitat Real Estate Partners selected Layfield Road in the Upatoi area. Over 200 residents packed town halls in March, with the vast majority voicing concerns. A Change.org petition has 4,100+ signatures. The Planning Advisory Commission voted to recommend a technology overlay district ordinance with a 500-foot setback (up from 75 feet) and an independent oversight board. Inside Climate News published a major investigation on April 13, 2026 highlighting the project. Clean Energy Columbus is pushing for a moratorium until the city establishes standards for power, cooling, water, and tax breaks. Columbus City Council delayed its vote on the technology overlay district in mid-April 2026 pending required advertising of Planning Advisory Commission approval. On June 4, 2026, Columbus announced a hyperscale-overlay ordinance defining “hyperscale data center” and setting noise, water-use, and campus-design requirements: first reading June 9, final vote June 16. RESOLVED: On June 16, 2026 the Columbus Consolidated Government Council approved (6-2) a 'technology overlay' ordinance amending the Unified Development Ordinance to set zoning requirements for data center/technology uses. Council stressed it does NOT directly approve Project Ruby (the ~650 MW, ~$5.18B proposed campus) — a mixed outcome that creates a regulatory pathway while also a framework that could enable the project.", "sources": [ "https://www.wrbl.com/top-stories/columbus-city-council-discusses-proposed-5-18-billion-data-center-residents-voice-concern/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-in-muscogee-county", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/5bn-data-center-project-in-the-works-around-columbus-georgia/", "https://www.wtvm.com/2026/02/16/columbus-leaders-pursue-5-billion-data-center-project/", "https://www.wtvm.com/2026/02/12/proposed-5b-data-center-project-promises-195-new-jobs-columbus-area/", "https://www.wtvm.com/2026/03/18/columbus-residents-pack-town-hall-over-proposed-5b-data-center-project-ruby/", "https://www.wrbl.com/news/proposed-columbus-data-center-is-drawing-a-vocal-and-motivated-opposition/", "https://nowgeorgia.com/thousands-sign-petition-opposing-data-center-in-columbus/", "https://nowgeorgia.com/columbus-city-council-to-get-earful-on-data-center-proposal/", "https://nowgeorgia.com/thousands-sign-petition-opposing-data-center-in-columbus/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/13042026/georgia-data-center-boom/", { "url": "https://www.gpb.org/news/2026/06/04/georgia-today-columbus-data-centers-i-285-closure-world-cup-hot-weather", "title": "Georgia Today: Columbus data centers" } ], "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Data Center in Muscogee County", "Clean Energy Columbus" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "company": "Habitat Real Estate Partners / Atlas Development", "investment_million_usd": 5180, "acreage": 900, "jobs_promised": 195, "project_name": "Project Ruby", "megawatts": 600, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-in-muscogee-county", "petition_signatures": 5400, "scope": "local", "county": "Muscogee County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "environmental", "noise", "ratepayer", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Habitat Real Estate Partners' $5.18B, 900-acre Project Ruby data center in Columbus", "community_outcome": "mixed", "opposition_website": "https://www.cleanenergycolumbusga.org/" }, { "id": "fort-meade-polk-county-fl-2026-02-25", "jurisdiction": "Fort Meade (Polk County)", "state": "FL", "lat": 27.7534, "lng": -81.801, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "approved", "date": "2026-02-25", "summary": "Community members rallied outside Fort Meade, Florida, City Hall to protest a proposed $2.6 billion, 1.2-gigawatt, 4.4-million-square-foot hyperscale data center on over 1,330 acres being developed by Stonebridge (developer entity Florida Ecopark LLC). On April 8, 2026, after roughly three hours of public comment and despite strong local opposition, the Fort Meade city commission unanimously approved the Stonebridge development agreement. On April 16, 2026, Florida Commerce Secretary Alex Kelly (DeSantis administration) publicly opposed the project, calling it 'fundamentally flawed' — coverage expanded across Tampa Bay Times, WFSU, and WUSF April 16-20. The Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) water permit is still pending. Project is projected to bring 3,960 construction-peak jobs in 2028 and 456 operational jobs by 2031; concerns center on massive water and energy demand in a small rural Polk County city, low-frequency noise, and diesel backup generator pollution.", "sources": [ "https://www.fox13news.com/news/residents-fort-meade-protest-proposed-data-center-developers-respond-questions", "https://www.fox13news.com/news/protesters-against-proposed-fort-meade-data-center-gather-outside-city-hall", "https://baynews9.com/fl/tampa/news/2026/02/11/fort-meade-residents-data-center-concern", "https://floridaphoenix.com/2026/01/01/thirsty-ai-data-center-runs-into-florida-community-opposition-2/", "https://www.wusf.org/environment/2026-02-16/proposals-massive-data-centers-across-florida-are-local-governments-prepared", "https://www.tampabay28.com/news/region-polk/fort-meade-commissioners-hear-more-public-concerns-over-proposed-data-center", "https://www.wtsp.com/article/news/local/polkcounty/fort-meade-data-center-town-hall/67-4cceada6-6b09-44b3-9457-1b9cb466a941", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/44-million-sq-ft-data-center-campus-gets-zoning-approval-in-fort-meade-florida/", "https://mynews13.com/fl/orlando/news/2026/04/08/fort-meade-data-center-proposal-advances-despite-resident-concerns", "https://www.tampabay.com/news/florida-politics/2026/04/16/florida-data-center-fort-meade-desantis-utilities-water-ai/", "https://news.wfsu.org/state-news/2026-04-20/floridas-commerce-secretary-comes-out-against-a-proposed-ai-data-center" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Fort Meade residents", "Polk County environmental advocates" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "company": "Stonebridge", "megawatts": 1200, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 50000, "acreage": 1330, "building_sq_ft": 4400000, "jobs_promised": 456, "scope": "local", "county": "Polk County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "tax_incentive", "water", "zoning", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Block Stonebridge rezoning of 1330 acres in Fort Meade", "community_outcome": "pending", "investment_million_usd": 2600 }, { "id": "city-of-kings-mountain-nc-2026-02-26", "jurisdiction": "City of Kings Mountain", "state": "NC", "county": "Cleveland County", "lat": 35.2451, "lng": -81.3412, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-26", "status": "active", "company": "T5 Data Centers (existing); second developer proposed", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 75, "megawatts": 120, "acreage": 300, "building_sq_ft": 600000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Thrive Kings Mountain" ], "opposition_website": "https://thrivekingsmountain.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://thrivekingsmountain.com/petition/", "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In City of Kings Mountain, North Carolina, Kings Mountain City Council voted 5-2 to approve a six-month moratorium on new data centers while the city studies impacts on water supplies, Noise, and power costs (proposed by T5 Data Centers) . One major data center already exists on Shelby Road. Councilmember Annie Thombs said 'That's great, but what else is it going to bring? We don't know. Everything that has a dollar sign in front of it doesn't mean it's good.' The moratorium follows a growing wave of data center opposition across North Carolina.", "sources": [ "https://thrivekingsmountain.com/", "https://thrivekingsmountain.com/petition/", "https://www.cbs17.com/news/north-carolina-news/nc-city-pauses-potential-data-center-projects-amid-community-concerns/amp/", "https://www.datacenters.com/t5-charlotte-campus", "https://www.qcnews.com/news/u-s/north-carolina/kings-mountain/kings-mountain-leaders-pause-potential-data-center-projects-amid-community-concerns/", "https://www.wbtv.com/2026/02/25/kings-mountain-residents-share-concerns-another-data-center-is-proposed/", "https://www.wfae.org/politics/2026-02-26/kings-mountain-approves-six-month-moratorium-on-new-data-centers" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "noise", "ratepayer", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Halt data centers in City of Kings after T5 Data Centers proposal", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "existing T5 specs conflated with new proposal; 300-acre figure relates to existing T5 site", "added": "2026-04-21" }, { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently corroborated. The megawatts=120 figure is not supported for this entry. (1) Proposed second project (HB2K): multiple working sources (qcnews/charlottestories lawsuit coverage) state the ", "added": "2026-06-21" }, { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Confirmed via independent sources. acreage=300 is not supported by any source for either Kings Mountain project. The existing T5 campus is 280 acres / 180 MW (cloudandcolocation.com, datacentermap.com", "added": "2026-06-21" }, { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRM flag. The current building_sq_ft=600000 is not supported by primary sources. The evidence URL (baxtel.com/data-center/t5-kings-mountain) states the existing T5 building is \"146,000 square feet", "added": "2026-06-21" } ] }, { "id": "michigan-statewide-mi-2026-02-26", "jurisdiction": "Michigan (statewide)", "state": "MI", "county": "Wexford County", "lat": 42.7325, "lng": -84.5555, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-26", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "HB 5594-5596", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Lansing Regional Chamber of Commerce", "Michigan Data Center Moratorium Coalition", "Rural Michigan Defense Fund", "Sierra Club Michigan Chapter" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.lansingchamber.org/2026/02/10/labor-and-business-leaders-unite-in-support-of-deep-green-data-center-project/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "petition_signatures": 18792, "summary": "Bipartisan House Bills 5594-5596 would create the 'Data Center Regulation Act' and halt construction of new data centers in Michigan until April 1, 2027. The moratorium would give local communities time to assess project ramifications. At least 25 Michigan communities have enacted local data center moratoriums. Gov. Whitmer opposes the bills, calling any legislation preventing economic growth 'an automatic non-starter' that would be vetoed.", "sources": [ "https://bridgemi.com/michigan-environment-watch/at-least-19-michigan-towns-pause-data-centers-no-one-knows-if-itll-work/", "https://gophouse.org/posts/rep-wortz-introduces-bills-to-protect-communities-from-data-center-encroachment", "https://michiganadvance.com/briefs/wortz-spearheads-bipartisan-effort-to-halt-data-center-construction-in-michigan/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/03/lawmakers-propose-michigan-data-center-moratorium/", "https://wwmt.com/news/state/data-center-halt-stop-construction-michigan-legislation-proposed-house-bills-5594-5596-jennifer-wortz-representative-republican-moratorium-wwmt", "https://www.change.org/p/ban-ai-data-centers-in-michigan", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-ai-data-center-construction-along-the-great-lakes", "https://www.lansingchamber.org/2026/02/10/labor-and-business-leaders-unite-in-support-of-deep-green-data-center-project/", "https://www.wilx.com/2026/03/03/michigan-lawmakers-propose-year-long-data-center-construction-moratorium/", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-26/michigan-house-reps-call-for-moratorium-on-data-centers", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 5594-5596 (Data Center Regulation Act)", "bill_url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Bills/Bill?ObjectName=2026-HB-5594", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning", "ratepayer", "water", "environmental", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Enact statewide data center moratorium in MI", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Jennifer Wortz (R-MI)", "Rep. Joseph Fox (R-MI)", "Rep. Dylan Wegela (D-MI)" ] }, { "id": "berkeley-county-wv-2026-02-26", "jurisdiction": "Berkeley County", "state": "WV", "county": "Berkeley County", "lat": 39.4626, "lng": -77.9639, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-26", "status": "active", "company": "Penzance Management", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 4000, "megawatts": 600, "acreage": 548, "building_sq_ft": 1900000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 125, "opposition_groups": [ "Berkeley County Democratic Executive Committee" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-in-west-virginia", "petition_signatures": 1862, "summary": "Penzance Management announced a $4B Bedington Campus data center in Berkeley County, the first certified 'High Impact Intelligence Center' under West Virginia's HB 2014 (600 MW, 548 acres). The project is exempt from local zoning, noise, lighting, and land use controls under the state certification framework. The designation represents a significant precedent for state preemption of local data center regulation.", "sources": [ "https://westvirginiawatch.com/2026/02/26/d-c-based-real-estate-firm-investing-4b-for-new-data-center-development-in-berkeley-county-wv/", "https://mountainstatespotlight.org/2026/02/25/lawmakers-block-data-center-bills/", "https://www.wfmd.com/2026/02/27/4-billion-data-center-planned-for-berkeley-county-west-virginia-sparks-debate/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/penzance-targets-600mw-data-center-campus-in-west-virginia/", "https://governor.wv.gov/article/governor-morrisey-announces-4-billion-private-investment-west-virginias-first-high-impact", "https://wvmetronews.com/2026/02/26/governor-announces-a-developer-for-big-west-virginia-data-center-spot/", "https://www.wvgazettemail.com/news/energy_and_environment/public-comments-unheeded-questions-unanswered-after-penzance-data-center-announced/article_286784d2-28b9-40c7-a732-9b208ca703da.html", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-in-west-virginia", "https://www.journal-news.net/news/business_and_economy/questions-mount-over-impact-of-high-impact-data-center/article_336e9329-8981-5294-b388-5a38b65fecc4.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Challenge state preemption of local zoning for Penzance's $4B data center certified under WV HB 2014", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "missouri-statewide-legislation-mo-2026-02-26", "jurisdiction": "Missouri (statewide legislation)", "state": "MO", "county": "Cole County", "lat": 38.5767, "lng": -92.1735, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-26", "status": "dead", "company": "Google / Meta / Metrobloks", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop the AI Data Center in Independence" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/stoptheaidatacenter", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-massive-nebius-data-center-in-independence-mo", "petition_signatures": 142, "summary": "Missouri has multiple data center bills (proposed by Google / Meta / Metrobloks). HB 3362 and HB 3364 (Reps. Colin Wellenkamp, Scott Miller, Mike Costlow), titled the 'AI Infrastructure, Grid Integrity and Water Resource Protection Act', would require large-load consumers to pay the full cost of electricity and infrastructure (including grid upgrades and new generation capacity) and create a water permit requirement from the DNR for facilities using 2+ million gallons of fresh water per day or 80% of local available capacity. Such facilities would need to build new freshwater capacity or create closed-loop freshwater systems. Separately, SB 1396 (Sen. Mike Henderson, R-Desloge) would alter 2018 economic development incentives to prevent data centers from taking advantage of energy incentive programs that were not designed for them. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: All Missouri AI/data center bills died before adjournment; MO sine die May 15, 2026 with no AI regulations passed.", "sources": [ "https://www.kcur.org/politics-elections-and-government/2026-02-26/missouri-data-center-rules-water-electricity", "https://www.stlpr.org/government-politics-issues/2026-02-26/missouri-lawmakers-propose-water-power-usage-requirements-data-centers", "https://www.ky3.com/2026/02/27/missouri-future-caucus-prioritizes-legislation-regulate-ai-data-centers/", "https://www.newstribune.com/news/2026/feb/26/legislation-would-prevent-data-centers-from/", "https://www.missourinet.com/2026/02/26/missouris-data-boom-prompts-bills-targeting-high-water-use-and-energy-costs/", { "url": "https://www.kait8.com/2026/05/25/missouri-lawmakers-fail-pass-ai-regulations-during-2026-legislative-session/", "title": "MO lawmakers fail to pass AI regulations" }, { "url": "https://missouriindependent.com/2026/05/15/missouri-legislature-ends-2026-session-marked-by-gop-wins-fewer-meltdowns/", "title": "MO legislature ends 2026 session" }, { "url": "https://www.missourinet.com/2026/02/27/missouris-josh-hawley-says-major-tech-companies-should-pay-for-energy-and-water-usage-generated-by-their-data-centers/", "title": "" }, { "url": "https://www.centralmoinfo.com/lawmakers-target-data-center-impacts/", "title": "" }, { "url": "https://house.mo.gov/PressRelease.aspx?prid=387", "title": "" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 3362 / HB 3364", "bill_url": "https://house.mo.gov/Bill.aspx?bill=HB3362&year=2026&code=R", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "design_standards", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require closed-loop cooling for data centers in MO", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Colin Wellenkamp (R-MO)", "Rep. Scott Miller (R-MO)", "Rep. Mike Costlow (R-MO)", "Sen. Mike Henderson (R-MO)" ], "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "Merged duplicate entry 'missouri-ai-infrastructure-act-mo-2026-02-26' into this entry during validation (sources combined).", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "spring-hill-ks-2026-02-26", "jurisdiction": "Spring Hill", "state": "KS", "county": "Johnson County", "lat": 38.7539, "lng": -94.826, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-25", "status": "active", "company": "Colossus Data Center Advisors / Bullock Capital", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 316, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Spring Hill residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Spring Hill, Kansas, City Council voted on October 23, 2025 to move forward with rezoning 316 acres from Rural Residential to M-1 Industrial for a potential data center, though no end user or specific business has been identified (proposed by Colossus Data Center Advisors / Bullock Capital). About 300 homes would be impacted, and Spring Hill High School is only 3/4 mile from the proposed site. Approximately 45 people were originally notified about the rezoning. A public hearing was rescheduled to March 25, 2026. Residents are organizing to effort the rezoning, raising concerns about noise, traffic, property values, and proximity to schools.", "sources": [ "https://fox4kc.com/news/spring-hill-residents-raise-concerns-over-rezoning-plan-for-data-center/", "https://www.kshb.com/news/local-news/kansas/miami-county/could-massive-project-be-coming-to-spring-hill-neighbors-plan-fight-against-300-acre-rezoning-bid", "https://www.kshb.com/news/local-news/kansas/miami-county/spring-hill-delays-major-industrial-zoning-hearing-for-march-25-calls-special-meeting", "https://www.kctv5.com/2026/03/06/spring-hill-residents-voice-concerns-over-rezoning-request-possible-data-center/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "noise", "traffic", "zoning", "property_values" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Block rezoning of 316 acres in Spring Hill", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "upper-macungie-township-pa-2026-02-26", "jurisdiction": "Upper Macungie Township", "state": "PA", "lat": 40.5726, "lng": -75.5713, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "status": "pending", "date": "2026-02-26", "summary": "Air Products is appealing to the Upper Macungie Township, Pennsylvania, Zoning Hearing Board for a proposed 2.6 million-square-foot, three-building data center complex on their former 194-acre headquarters site along Cetronia Road. The project predates the township's new data center ordinance adopted December 4, 2025, so it would be reviewed under old zoning rules. Air Products requested a delay until May 27, 2026 to decide whether to proceed. Township adopted data center regulations in December 2025 but they won't apply to this project.", "sources": [ "https://www.mcall.com/2026/02/26/upper-macungie-zoning-board-data-center/", "https://www.wfmz.com/news/local_government/zoning_planning/public-hearing-for-proposed-2-6m-square-foot-data-center-in-upper-macungie-paused-until/article_25031a5b-5a73-4e10-be0b-dc137a20609a.html", "https://www.lehighvalleynews.com/business/giant-data-center-proposal-in-upper-macungie-township-is-in-the-works", "https://www.wfmz.com/news/area/lehighvalley/lehigh-county/western-lehigh-county/update-upper-macungie-air-products-data-center-discussion-delayed-until-2026/article_3efb655a-3bef-497f-9cc1-fc844aaaafcc.html", "https://www.lehighvalleynews.com/business/more-data-required-lvpc-formally-asks-for-more-information-for-proposed-data-center-in-upper-macungie-township", "https://www.wfmz.com/news/area/lehighvalley/lehigh-county/western-lehigh-county/air-products-hits-pause-on-2-6m-square-foot-data-center-appeal-in-upper-macungie/article_3efb655a-3bef-497f-9cc1-fc844aaaafcc.html", "https://www.mcall.com/2025/11/12/large-data-center-in-the-works-for-former-air-products-site-in-upper-macungie/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/26-million-sq-ft-data-center-campus-proposed-in-pennsylvania/", "https://www.lehighvalleynews.com/business/as-data-center-boom-approaches-lehigh-valley-officials-working-to-prepare" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Better Path Coalition", "No False Climate Solutions PA" ], "last_updated": "2026-03-05", "company": "Air Products", "acreage": 194, "building_sq_ft": 2600000, "opposition_website": "https://www.betterpathcoalition.org/", "scope": "local", "county": "Lehigh County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Legal challenge to Air Products data center in Upper Macungie", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "east-whiteland-curative-pa-2026-04-01", "jurisdiction": "East Whiteland Township (Curative Amendment)", "state": "PA", "county": "Chester County", "lat": 40.0361, "lng": -75.5388, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-26", "status": "active", "company": "1547 Critical Systems Realty", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 300, "acreage": 100, "building_sq_ft": 1600000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Food & Water Watch (Eastern PA chapter)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "East Whiteland Township (Chester County) held an April 15, 2026 hearing on the developer's expanded 887,000 sq ft data center plan as the township advances its curative amendment process to revise zoning. Residents continue pushing back after the original proposal was expanded 60%. The curative amendment window allows the township to rewrite its zoning ordinance to better regulate data center development. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'mixed' per https://www.inquirer.com/news/pennsylvania/east-whiteland-data-center-20260505.html.]", "sources": [ "https://www.inquirer.com/news/pennsylvania/east-whiteland-data-center-zoning-20260401.html", "https://6abc.com/post/east-whiteland-twp-residents-oppose-data-center-planners-send-revised-plan-back-review/18698080/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "zoning", "noise", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Declare data center zoning invalid and pause new applications for 180 days to draft updated regulations", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "brookings-sd-2026-02-26", "jurisdiction": "Brookings", "state": "SD", "lat": 44.3114, "lng": -96.7984, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "defeated", "date": "2026-02-26", "summary": "Brookings, South Dakota, City Council voted unanimously to reject a $644K sales-tax rebate for Sequitor Edge's proposed $41 million co-location data center. The denial came alongside state-level defeats: the House State Affairs Committee voted 9-3 against a 50-year data center sales tax break, and the Senate killed two data center incentive bills in a chaotic session when a key senator went missing and couldn't be located even by the governor.", "sources": [ "https://www.brookingsregister.com/2026/02/26/brookings-city-council-denies-data-center-tax-incentive/", "https://www.mykxlg.com/news/state/brookings-rejects-tax-rebate-for-proposed-data-center/article_333bb788-4bf6-4d95-969e-4ac71b8d99e0.html", "https://southdakotasearchlight.com/2026/02/24/a-missing-senator-a-failed-search-and-two-dead-data-center-bills-the-south-dakota-senates-chaotic-day/", "https://southdakotasearchlight.com/2026/02/04/data-center-tax-break-proposal-fails-in-south-dakota-legislative-committee/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Brookings City Council members (tax rebate opposition)" ], "last_updated": "2026-03-04", "company": "Sequitor Edge", "investment_million_usd": 41, "project_name": "Brookings Research Park Data Center", "scope": "local", "county": "Brookings County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Deny Sequitor Edge data center permit in Brookings", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "south-carolina-statewide-moratorium-h-5286-sc-2026-01-22", "jurisdiction": "South Carolina (statewide moratorium H 5286)", "state": "SC", "lat": 34.0007, "lng": -81.0348, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "status": "pending", "date": "2026-02-26", "summary": "South Carolina: Would bar state and local governments from granting permits, approvals, or incentives for new data centers until January 1, 2028 (proposed by TigerDC). Referred to House Ways and Means Committee. Introduced after mounting statewide opposition including the block of Project Spero in Spartanburg and ongoing efforts in Marion, Colleton, and York counties. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: Did not advance before South Carolina's regular session adjourned May 14, 2026 (carryover possible in the 2-year biennium). The SC Senate did pass budget provisos requiring annual data center water-use reporting ($10k/day penalty) and an economic-incentive moratorium.", "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/SC/bill/H5286/2025", "https://scdailygazette.com/2026/01/22/sc-needs-a-moratorium-on-data-centers-until-protections-are-in-place/", "https://scdailygazette.com/2026/02/05/sc-legislators-denounce-lowcountry-data-center-while-mulling-regulations-for-the-industry/", "https://www.wrdw.com/2026/03/05/sc-lawmakers-submit-resolution-temporarily-halt-data-center-projects/", { "url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/sess126_2025-2026/bills/5286.htm", "title": "SC bill 5286 status" } ], "opposition_groups": [ "South Carolina Community Rights Coalition" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "H 5286", "county": "Richland County", "county_lean": null, "bill_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/sess126_2025-2026/bills/5286.htm", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "tax_incentive", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Block data center permits pending new regulations in SC", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Bill Hager (R-SC)" ], "company": "TigerDC (Project Spero cited)" }, { "id": "hall-county-ga-2026-02-26", "jurisdiction": "Hall County", "state": "GA", "county": "Hall County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 34.3035, "lng": -83.8241, "date": "2026-02-26", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "scope": "local", "summary": "Hall County, Georgia, Commission voted 4-0 on February 26, 2026, to approve a 180-day moratorium on data centers, planned industrial development, and detention centers, prompted by Williams Brothers Development's data center proposal. County staff will examine regulations for potential restrictions on developments and impacts to services, infrastructure, and residents. Chairman David Gibbs noted the moratorium can be extended 'months or years' beyond the initial 180 days. The action follows a $12B data center proposal that prompted county-wide concern.", "opposition_groups": [ "Indivisible Hall" ], "sources": [ "https://www.wsbtv.com/news/local/hall-county/hall-county-commission-debating-180-day-data-center-moratorium/OOHPTCO4TJEL3H7MBY2FIVJZQM/", "https://www.wsbtv.com/news/local/hall-county/plans-12b-data-center-abandoned-hall-county/3T36FITZWRBMXD5USUERFBILRY/", "https://accesswdun.com/news/hall-commissioner-plans-motion-to-table-proposed-data-center" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in Hall County", "community_outcome": "pending", "company": "Williams Brothers Development", "project_name": "Project Turbo" }, { "id": "massachusetts-statewide-h5151-ma-2026-02-26", "jurisdiction": "Massachusetts (statewide)", "state": "MA", "county": null, "lat": 42.3601, "lng": -71.0589, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-26", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "H.5151", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Massachusetts: Comprehensive energy affordability bill that passed the House 128-27. Includes data center provisions to protect ratepayers from subsidizing data center energy costs. Also addresses clean energy procurement, nuclear energy restrictions, and offshore wind deadlines. Now in Senate. The outcome remains pending.", "sources": [ "https://malegislature.gov/Bills/194/H5151", "https://solarbuildermag.com/policy/massachusetts-state-house-passes-comprehensive-energy-reform-bill/", "https://pv-magazine-usa.com/2026/03/02/massachusetts-house-advances-climate-bill-with-1-billion-cut-to-energy-efficiency-program/", "https://goodjobsfirst.org/data-center-moratorium-bills-are-spreading-in-2026/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "H.5151", "bill_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Bills/194/H5151", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Shield residential ratepayers from data center costs in MA", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "House Committee on Ways and Means" ] }, { "id": "spartanburg-sc-northmark-2025", "jurisdiction": "Spartanburg County (NorthMark/Project Spero)", "state": "SC", "county": "Spartanburg County", "lat": 34.9496, "lng": -81.932, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2026-02-27", "status": "cancelled", "company": "TigerDC (HG Tiger DC I LLC)", "project_name": "Project Spero", "investment_million_usd": 3140, "jobs_promised": 50, "opposition_groups": [ "Spartanburg County residents", "No Data Centers in Spartanburg", "No Data Centers in Spartanburg SC", "Sierra Club Upstate", "Southern Environmental Law Center" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/nodatacentersinspartanburg", "petition_signatures": 5166, "summary": "TigerDC formally withdrew its $3 billion 'Project Spero' AI data center from Tyger River Industrial Park after Spartanburg County Council unanimously voted down two Fee-In-Lieu-Of-Tax (FILOT) agreements (400 MW, 868 acres). Weeks of strong public opposition, a 'No Data Centers in Spartanburg' Facebook group with nearly 3,000 members, and a petition with 4,000+ signatures sealed the project's fate. The project would have employed only 50 people. County councillors refused the tax incentive after backlash over energy costs, health, and environmental concerns. UPDATE: More than two dozen protesters gathered at the Spartanburg County courthouse on March 7, then marched down Magnolia Street chanting about data center concerns. Northmark Strategies has started construction on one project; a second project is planned at 300 Jones Road. Separately, SC utility companies report data center proposals declining in the state.", "sources": [ "https://palmettostatewatchfoundation.com/2026/01/06/petitions-protests-and-power-bills-spartanburg-faces-data-center-debacle/", "https://stopprojectspero.com/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-coming-to-upstate-sc", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/proposal-for-3bn-data-center-faces-opposition-in-spartanburg-county-south-carolina/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/tigerdc-pulls-planned-data-center-project-from-south-carolina-county-after-officials-deny-tax-deal/", "https://www.datacentermap.com/usa/south-carolina/spartanburg/tigerdc-sc1-campus/", "https://www.foxcarolina.com/2026/02/27/company-withdraws-ai-data-center-spartanburg-county-consideration/", "https://www.foxcarolina.com/2026/02/27/spartanburg-county-vote-no-project-spero-tax-incentive-after-public-backlash/", "https://www.postandcourier.com/spartanburg/business/tigerdc-data-center-spartanburg-county-project-spero/article_08f63d91-4108-4439-92c9-51b51c081232.html", "https://www.postandcourier.com/spartanburg/news/spartanburg-county-project-spero-tigerdc-data-center-vote/article_8eb0af10-4ca5-464a-8016-6961bfe61cad.html", "https://www.postandcourier.com/spartanburg/news/spartanburg-project-spero-data-center-withdrawn/article_bfb9e61e-2282-4d22-9806-7aa4a934be27.html", "https://www.wspa.com/news/community-pushing-back-on-3b-spartanburg-county-data-center/", "https://www.wspa.com/news/local-news/ai-data-center-project-withdrawn-from-spartanburg-county/", "https://www.foxcarolina.com/2026/03/07/ai-is-anti-human-protestors-express-concerns-regarding-data-centers-coming-upstate/", "https://www.wrdw.com/2026/03/08/ai-is-anti-human-sc-protestors-express-concerns-regarding-data-centers/", "https://www.foxcarolina.com/2026/02/17/data-center-one-step-closer-reality-after-spartanburg-county-council-approval/", "https://www.postandcourier.com/spartanburg/news/spartanburg-county-data-center-pollution/article_5ff08496-ab3b-4462-8f83-70396747b96a.html", "https://www.wspa.com/news/top-stories/spartanburg-delays-vote-on-3-billion-data-center-proposal/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "environmental", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "water", "grid_energy", "air_quality", "noise" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "4000-signature petition opposing NorthMark Strategies data center", "community_outcome": "win", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-centers-coming-to-upstate-sc", "opposition_facebook_members": 3000, "megawatts": 400, "acreage": 868, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 12670, "opposition_website": "https://stopprojectspero.com/" }, { "id": "ransom-township-pa-2026-02-27", "jurisdiction": "Ransom Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Lackawanna County", "lat": 41.458, "lng": -75.73, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-02-27", "status": "active", "company": "Scranton Materials LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 251, "building_sq_ft": 939888, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Keyser Valley Neighborhood Association" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Scranton Materials LLC filed an appeal after the Ransom Township Board of Supervisors rejected its zoning amendment application that would have permitted data centers at 819 Newton Road (251 acres). The company argues the township's zoning ordinance unlawfully excludes data centers, claiming Pennsylvania municipalities must allow every type of lawful land use somewhere within their borders. The proposal drew dozens of residents and elected officials who objected to the plans at multiple public hearings. The township's existing noise and building height requirements were cited as too restrictive for data centers.", "sources": [ "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2026/02/27/scranton-materials-appeals-ransom-twp-denial-of-data-center-zoning-change/", "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2026-01-21/data-centers-ransom-twp-denies-zoning-amendment-request-after-residents-lawyer-points-out-flaws", "https://fox56.com/news/local/community-opposes-proposed-data-center-in-ransom-township", "https://www.2822news.com/news/supervisors-deny-data-center-zoning-application/", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2026/01/16/dozens-turn-out-to-oppose-proposed-ransom-twp-data-center/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-05", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Sue Scranton Materials over noise violations", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "weld-county-co-2026-02-27", "jurisdiction": "Weld County", "state": "CO", "lat": 40.3886, "lng": -104.7527, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2026-04-06", "summary": "Weld County, Colorado, commissioners PASSED Code Ordinance 2026-01 on a 4-1 vote on April 6, 2026. The ordinance prohibits data centers on agricultural land and requires site plan or special review for 60+ MW facilities. Triggered by Global AI's purchase of 438 acres near Windsor for a $2 billion data center. Community outcome is mixed: the ordinance imposes real restrictions, but critics argued it does not go far enough on water, noise, or ratepayer protections. Facilities under 50MW total capacity fall under lighter rules.", "sources": [ "https://www.denvergazette.com/2026/02/27/weld-county-wades-into-data-center-issue/", "https://www.weld.gov/Newsroom/2026-News/Weld-County-extends-timeline-for-proposed-data-center-ordinance", "https://www.9news.com/article/news/local/colorado-news/ai-data-center-plans-weld-county/73-0fa40d46-73a7-412a-93f3-5272c02b3b47", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/global-ai-set-to-develop-data-center-outside-denver-colorado/", "https://www.cbsnews.com/colorado/news/data-ai-centers-colorado-globalai-windsor/", "https://www.kunc.org/news/2025-12-23/globalai-data-center-company-buys-carestream-property" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Weld County residents", "Colorado Fiscal Institute", "EarthJustice", "Natural Resources Defense Council" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "company": "Global AI", "acreage": 438, "megawatts": 60, "hyperscaler": null, "jobs_promised": 50, "project_name": "GlobalAI Windsor Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 2000, "scope": "local", "county": "Weld County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "farmland", "transparency", "zoning", "anti_ai" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Restrict Global AI 438-acre data center in Weld County", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "leland-nc-2026-02-27", "jurisdiction": "Leland", "state": "NC", "county": "Brunswick County", "lat": 34.2563, "lng": -78.0453, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-27", "status": "pending", "company": "Microsoft (nearby Person County)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 1385, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Town of Leland initiated a preemptive text amendment to regulate data center facilities, requiring closed-loop cooling systems, a 60% renewable energy mandate, and restricting data centers to heavy industrial districts via conditional rezoning only. No data center has been proposed within town boundaries, but staff acted proactively given rapid regional growth of the industry, particularly nearby Microsoft plans for a 1,385-acre campus in North Carolina. A public hearing and final decision by Leland Town Council is scheduled for March 19, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://portcitydaily.com/latest-news/2026/02/27/leland-braces-for-ai-surge-with-strict-proposed-data-center-rules/", "https://spectrumlocalnews.com/nc/charlotte/news/2026/02/26/microsoft-makes-plans-for-datacenter-in-north-carolina", "https://www.wect.com/2026/02/25/leland-town-council-hold-public-hearing-data-center-zoning-rules/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "environmental", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Block rezoning of 1385 acres in Leland", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Microsoft 'Person County' attribution is wrong — Spectrum source actually places Microsoft in Catawba County. Leland's regulation is preemptive and not tied to a specific nearby Microsoft project", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "canton-ms-2025-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Canton", "state": "MS", "county": "Madison County", "lat": 32.6126, "lng": -90.0367, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-01", "status": "active", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": "Amazon Canton AI Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 10000, "megawatts": 650, "acreage": 1713, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 1000, "opposition_groups": [ "Idlebriar neighborhood residents", "Idlebriar Neighborhood Association" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Amazon's $10 billion data center campus in Canton, the largest capital investment in Mississippi history, occupies 1,713 acres across two sites in Madison County (650 MW). Construction has transformed the area with major road widening and utility upgrades. AP and national coverage revealed 700+ diesel generators powering the site, with residents of the Idlebriar neighborhood reporting dust, asthma, and constant noise complaints. The scale of diesel generation has drawn scrutiny over air quality impacts in the surrounding community.", "sources": [ "https://www.mississippifreepress.org/amazons-canton-data-center-promises-prosperity-for-neighbors-its-bringing-dust-noise-and-pollution-fears/", "https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/aws/aws-10-billion-investment-mississippi", "https://www.wwno.org/wwno/2025-03-19/data-centers-bring-billions-to-mississippi-are-the-investments-worth-the-risk", "https://baxtel.com/data-center/aws-madison-county-mega-site-campus", "https://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2026/mar/01/a-mississippi-subdivision-struggles-with-the-data/", "https://msindy.org/p/mississippis-data-center-boom-and", "https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/aws/aws-training-programs-sustainability-projects-mississippi", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/aws-confirmed-as-company-behind-10bn-mississippi-data-center-development/", "https://www.nwaonline.com/news/2026/mar/01/a-mississippi-subdivision-struggles-with-the-data/", "https://siteselection.com/cover-story-data-center-boom-comes-to-mississippi/", "https://magnoliatribune.com/2026/02/18/ai-driven-global-data-center-boom-including-in-mississippi-draws-critics-and-litigation/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "noise", "traffic", "anti_ai", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Amazon's $10B, 1,713-acre data center campus with 700+ diesel generators in Canton", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "linn-county-new-ordinance-ia-2026-03-01", "jurisdiction": "Linn County", "state": "IA", "county": "Linn County", "lat": 42.0355, "lng": -91.591, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-01", "status": "passed", "company": "Google", "hyperscaler": "Google", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 7000, "megawatts": 565, "acreage": 545, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 12000000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Iowa Sierra Club" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Linn County Board of Supervisors unanimously approved one of the most comprehensive local data center zoning ordinances in the country on Feb. 18, 2026, in response to Google's proposed $7 billion, 565MW data center on 545 acres. The ordinance creates a new data-center-specific zoning district with requirements including comprehensive water study, water-use agreement before construction, 1,000-foot setbacks from residential zones, noise and light pollution limits, road damage compensation, and community betterment fund contributions. County planning director says no ordinance in Iowa asks for more requirements.", "sources": [ "https://www.planetizen.com/news/2026/03/137049-iowa-county-passes-restrictive-data-center-ordinance", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/01032026/iowa-county-data-center-ordinance/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/google-pledges-7bn-to-expand-iowa-data-center-footprint/", "https://www.kcrg.com/2025/10/06/google-making-push-data-center-linn-county/", "https://www.kcrg.com/2026/02/19/linn-county-approves-new-data-center-rules-after-months-public-debate/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/google-looks-to-build-up-to-six-data-centers-near-nuclear-power-site-in-linn-county-iowa/", "https://www.iowapublicradio.org/ipr-news/2026-03-04/google-data-center-palo-linn-county", "https://www.cnbc.com/2025/10/28/google-nextera-iowa-duane-arnold-nuclear-power-plant-ai-energy-demand-data-centers.html", "https://www.kcrg.com/2026/02/05/linn-county-supervisors-advance-data-center-zoning-ordinance/", "https://www.kcrg.com/2026/02/16/linn-county-residents-share-concerns-with-data-center-ordinance-second-hearing-passes/", "https://www.thegazette.com/local-government/linn-county-residents-air-concerns-on-proposed-data-center-ordinance/", "https://www.kcrg.com/2026/03/04/google-pulls-out-proposal-build-data-center-unincorporated-linn-co-build-palo-instead/", "https://cbs2iowa.com/news/local/google-shifts-data-center-plan-to-palo-water-study-now-on-hold" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "environmental", "noise", "traffic", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 1000-foot data center setbacks in Linn County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "bartow-county-ga-2026-03-01", "jurisdiction": "Bartow County", "state": "GA", "county": "Bartow County", "lat": 34.236, "lng": -84.8425, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-03-01", "status": "active", "company": "Georgia Power", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Plant Bowen Gas Turbine Expansion", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Southern Environmental Law Center", "Sierra Club", "Southern Environmental Law Center (SELC)", "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter", "Georgia Interfaith Power & Light", "National Parks Conservation Association", "Environment Georgia", "Stop the Data Center @ Barnsley" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/southernenvironment", "opposition_twitter": "https://x.com/selc_org", "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In Bartow County, Georgia, Southern Environmental Law Center and Sierra Club filed a lawsuit challenging Georgia EPD's air permit for four new gas-and-oil combustion turbines at Georgia Power's Plant Bowen near Cartersville, Part of a $4.5 billion expansion driven by data center power demand across the 876-acre site. The groups argue Atlanta already exceeds federal ozone limits and that EPD disregarded nonattainment permitting requirements for the 432MW expansion. The appeal is before the Georgia Office of State Administrative Hearings. If built, the units would emit hundreds of additional tons of smog-forming pollution annually.", "sources": [ "https://coosavalleynews.com/2026/03/selc-sierra-club-sue-over-permit-for-new-fossil-fuel-units-at-plant-bowen-in-bartow-county/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/02032026/georgia-regulators-sued-over-plant-bowen-gas-turbines/", "https://www.eenews.net/articles/lawsuit-targets-air-permit-amid-georgia-data-center-build-out/", "https://www.northwestgeorgianews.com/rome/news/local/new-data-center-proposal-in-bartow-would-require-as-much-power-as-324k-homes/article_05152f0c-ee11-11ef-9470-5b8da755f367.html", "https://www.selc.org/press-release/groups-challenge-air-permit-for-massive-methane-gas-and-oil-expansion-at-plant-bowen/", "https://www.sierraclub.org/georgia/datacenters", "https://www.sierraclub.org/press-releases/2025/10/environmental-groups-urge-georgia-epd-deny-permit-new-methane-gas-units" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge Georgia Power air quality permits in court", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "prior investment/MW/acreage/sq-ft values were cross-contaminated from the Adairsville project and have been cleared. Lawsuit and opposition facts preserved", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "middlesex-township-pa-2026-03-01", "jurisdiction": "Middlesex Township", "state": "PA", "lat": 40.235, "lng": -77.18, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-03-01", "summary": "Despite growing opposition, Middlesex Township Planning Commission approved Phase 1-A of a proposed $15 billion, 700-acre, 18-building data center complex (Pennsylvania Digital 1/PAX-1) on Country Club Road near Carlisle (1.4GW). Led by Carlisle Development Partners LLC. The plan goes to the Board of Supervisors in March. Would create ~450 jobs and generate $65M in tax revenue. Community concerns center on massive water and power demands in a rural area. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'loss' per https://www.fox43.com/article/news/local/cumberland-county/middlesex-township-supervisors-approve-breaking-ground-on-data-center/521-84c3af0d-bb49-4db6-b65a-e754aa933646.]", "sources": [ "https://cumberlink.com/news/local/government-politics/article_c4d8622b-0190-426c-aa95-6ee480ae7f86.html", "https://www.govtech.com/artificial-intelligence/cumberland-county-pa-data-centers-take-new-step-forward", "https://www.fox43.com/article/news/local/cumberland-county/cumberland-county-residents-voice-environmental-concerns-over-proposed-middlesex-township-data-center/521-5707ba74-b55b-4ec3-ad41-168db5aa9834" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Cumberland County PA" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "company": "Carlisle Development Partners / Powerhouse Data Centers", "investment_million_usd": 15000, "acreage": 700, "jobs_promised": 450, "project_name": "Pennsylvania Digital 1 (PAX-1)", "megawatts": 1350, "building_sq_ft": 4000000, "opposition_website": "https://protectcumberlandcountypa.org/", "scope": "local", "county": "Cumberland County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Rally against Carlisle Development Partners' $15B, 700-acre, 18-building PAX-1 data center complex in Middlesex Township", "community_outcome": "loss", "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 400000 }, { "id": "stillwater-county-mt-2026-03-01", "jurisdiction": "Stillwater County", "state": "MT", "lat": 45.65, "lng": -109.42, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-03-01", "summary": "Stillwater County residents submitted a formal petition to county commissioners requesting transparency, accountability, and protective action regarding proposed data center development (proposed by Quantica Infrastructure) (5,000 acres). The petition demands disclosure of tax abatements and public subsidies, protection of community water and electricity resources, direct public engagement before any approvals, and a formal letter to the Montana Public Service Commission requesting ratepayer protections. Part of broader Montana data center opposition—eleven developers are reportedly in talks with NorthWestern Energy statewide.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/petition-for-transparency-accountability-and-community-protection-regarding-data-center-d7135a15-2195-41e8-b84c-d3acddbfa3c8", "https://dailymontanan.com/2026/02/23/eleven-data-center-developers-in-talks-with-northwestern-group-says/", "https://meic.org/data-centers/", "https://montanafreepress.org/2025/11/18/groups-push-back-on-montanas-data-center-boom/", "https://montanafreepress.org/2026/02/12/as-ai-investors-eye-montana-for-new-data-centers-communities-brace-for-water-impacts/", "https://dailymontanan.com/2025/11/18/complaint-calls-for-investigation-of-northwestern-energys-conduct-with-data-centers/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Montana Environmental Information Center (MEIC)", "Earthjustice", "Climate Smart Missoula", "Butte Watchdogs for Social and Environmental Justice", "NW Energy Coalition" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/petition-for-transparency-accountability-and-community-protection-regarding-data-center-d7135a15-2195-41e8-b84c-d3acddbfa3c8", "petition_signatures": 261, "scope": "local", "county": "Stillwater County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Petition demanding data center transparency in Stillwater County", "community_outcome": "pending", "company": null, "acreage": null, "energy_mw": null, "flags": [ { "type": "jurisdiction_ambiguous", "note": "Quantica Infrastructure's flagship project is in Yellowstone County, not Stillwater; attribution removed", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "martin-county-indiantown-fl-2026-03-01", "jurisdiction": "Martin County (Indiantown)", "state": "FL", "county": "Martin County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 27.0256, "lng": -80.4856, "date": "2026-03-01", "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Silver Fox 606 LLC", "project_name": "Silver Fox", "building_sq_ft": 2000000, "acreage": 606, "summary": "In Martin County, Florida, Silver Fox 606 LLC (developer Nelson Ferreira, Juno Beach) proposed a ~2 million sq ft data center campus with AI lab, four buildings, and an FPL substation in Indiantown. The site includes 200 acres of wetlands and habitat for protected species. South Florida Wildlands Association has raised environmental concerns. First of three public hearings expected March 2026.", "opposition_groups": [ "South Florida Wildlands Association" ], "sources": [ "https://www.wptv.com/news/region-martin-county/indiantown/proposed-data-center-in-indiantown-would-impact-wetlands-and-protected-species-records-show", "https://www.wflx.com/2026/03/03/proposed-data-center-indiantown-would-impact-wetlands-protected-species-records-show/", "https://www.wflx.com/2026/02/24/whos-behind-massive-data-center-planned-indiantown/", "https://cbs12.com/news/local/ai-data-center-treasure-coast-undeveloped-land-indiantown-florida-power-light-florida-news" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Rally against Silver Fox 606 data center in Martin County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "hollenback-township-pa-2026-03-02", "jurisdiction": "Hollenback Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Luzerne County", "lat": 41.068, "lng": -76.08, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-03-02", "status": "active", "company": "Cumulus Real Estate Holdings LLC (Talen Energy subsidiary)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 650, "megawatts": 960, "acreage": 460, "building_sq_ft": 300000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Better Path Coalition", "Save Our Community (Hollenback Township)" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.betterpathcoalition.org", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": "https://twitter.com/BetterPathPA", "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 1100, "summary": "Cumulus Real Estate Holdings LLC, a Talen Energy subsidiary, sought to rezone 460 acres of rural land in Hollenback Township, Pennsylvania, for a $650 million, 960MW data center. The rezoning request was deemed denied and is now heading to Luzerne County Court. Residents packed meetings to demand answers about data center impacts. Landowners were reportedly offered $175K per acre, causing a divisive community split. AWS attribution likely incorrect — the documented Talen/AWS deal is at the adjacent Salem Township Susquehanna campus, not Hollenback. This Cumulus Real Estate Holdings project has no confirmed hyperscaler.", "sources": [ "https://www.citizensvoice.com/2026/03/02/hollenback-twp-data-center-rezoning-request-heads-to-court/", "https://www.timesleader.com/news/1734179/rezoning-request-to-move-to-court-in-hollenback-township", "https://fox56.com/news/local/hollenback-township-residents-pack-garage-demand-answers-on-data-center-rezoning-plan", "https://www.standardspeaker.com/2026/02/04/claim-hollenback-twp-rural-landowners-offered-175k-per-acre-for-data-center-takeover/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03032026/pennsylvania-data-center-resistance/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/aws-acquires-talens-nuclear-data-center-campus-in-pennsylvania/", "https://www.standardspeaker.com/2026/02/14/family-feud-data-center-proposal-divisive-in-hollenback-twp-pitting-preservation-vs-generational-wealth/", "https://www.citizensvoice.com/2026/02/04/claim-hollenback-twp-rural-landowners-offered-175k-per-acre-for-data-center-takeover/", "https://www.timesleader.com/news/1733163/hollenback-twp-residents-urge-supervisors-to-protect-resources-amid-data-center-boom", "https://www.betterpathcoalition.org/", "https://www.datacenterfrontier.com/hyperscale/article/33038288/aws-eyes-960-mw-for-newly-acquired-nuclear-power-data-center-in-pennsylvania", "https://www.standardspeaker.com/2026/02/08/proposed-hollenback-twp-zoning-ordinance-allows-for-data-centers-with-conditions/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge Cumulus Real Estate Holdings rezoning in Hollenback Township in court", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Amazon/AWS': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" }, { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRMED. The 960MW, $650M, and 300,000 sq ft figures are conflated from a DIFFERENT project. Independent verification: (1) The evidence_url (Inside Climate News) does not mention Hollenback at all —", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "new-york-100-groups-coalition-ny-2026-03-02", "jurisdiction": "New York (100+ groups coalition)", "state": "NY", "county": "Albany County", "lat": 42.6526, "lng": -73.7562, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-02", "status": "passed legislature", "company": "Multiple (statewide moratorium targeting hyperscaler data centers)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "NY Data Center Moratorium Bill S9144/A10141", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Food & Water Watch" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/NY-Data-Center-Moratorium-Letter.pdf", "petition_signatures": 103, "summary": "Over 100 New York groups called for passage of the statewide three-year data center moratorium bill, the 'strongest-in-the-nation' proposal that would prevent construction of new data centers while state agencies study environmental and economic impacts. Food & Water Watch coordinated the coalition effort. [Validation 2026-06-18: status updated to 'passed legislature' per https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/nys-legislature-passes-data-center-moratorium.]", "sources": [ "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/03/02/100-new-york-groups-call-for-passage-of-data-center-moratorium-bill/", "https://www.commondreams.org/news/ny-data-center-moratorium", "https://www.news10.com/capitol/new-york-data-center-moratorium/", "https://techcrunch.com/2026/02/07/new-york-lawmakers-propose-a-three-year-pause-on-new-data-centers/", "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2025/S9144" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Halt data centers in New York after Multiple proposal", "community_outcome": "pending", "bill_name": "S9144 / A10141 (Data Center Moratorium)", "bill_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2025/S9144", "sponsors": [ "Food & Water Watch" ] }, { "id": "charles-county-md-2026-03-02", "jurisdiction": "Charles County", "state": "MD", "county": "Charles County", "lat": 38.47, "lng": -76.98, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-02", "status": "active", "company": "TeraWulf", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Morgantown Generating Station Data Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 500, "acreage": 250, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition for Community Centered Data Centers in Southern Maryland", "Strong Towns Charles County" ], "opposition_website": "https://strongtownscharco.substack.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Charles County Planning Commission voted to recommend denial of Zoning Text Amendment #25-187, which would have established zoning regulations for data centers in the county (proposed by TeraWulf) (500 MW, 250 acres). Chairman Kevin Wedding cited concerns about higher electric bills for residents. Board member Denard Earl noted that Maryland is conducting a statewide data center impact study expected to conclude in September 2026, suggesting the county wait for those results. Board member Semia Hackett questioned whether approving one facility could open the door to additional projects. The recommendation now moves to the Board of Commissioners for final consideration.", "sources": [ "https://thebaynet.com/charles-county-planning-commission-votes-to-deny-data-center-zoning-amendment/", "https://thebaynet.com/planning-commission-delays-action-on-data-center-zoning-in-charles-county/", "https://www.somdnews.com/independent/news/local/charles-public-hearing-addresses-data-centers/article_107ec9cc-a8b3-493b-b9fe-14d09bd4c9e9.html", "https://thebaynet.com/maryland-groups-join-forces-upcoming-data-center-decisions/", "https://strongtownscharco.substack.com/p/reject-zta-25-187-data-centers-we", "https://thebaynet.com/charles-countys-morgantown-plant-being-bought-by-data-infrastructure-company/", "https://investors.terawulf.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/129/terawulf-expands-digital-and-power-infrastructure-portfolio", "https://technical.ly/entrepreneurship/terawulf-maryland-power-plant-acquistion/", "https://www.cnbc.com/2025/08/18/terawulf-stock-google-stake-datacenter.html", "https://www.coindesk.com/business/2025/10/28/terawulf-stock-surges-22-after-usd9-5b-google-backed-ai-compute-deal-with-fluidstack" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-20", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Restrict TeraWulf 250-acre data center in Charles County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "oregon-hb-4084-tax-break-moratorium-or-2026-03-02", "jurisdiction": "Oregon (HB 4084 tax break moratorium)", "state": "OR", "lat": 44.9429, "lng": -123.0351, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2026-06-06", "summary": "Oregon legislators added a provision to Governor Kotek's HB 4084 blocking new data center projects from eligibility for Enterprise Zone property tax breaks until summer 2027 (proposed by Amazon / Meta / Apple / Google). Data centers reaped over $45 million in enterprise zone tax benefits last year and $85 million this year. Sen. Jeff Golden (D-Ashland) pushed the amendment after threatening to propose a full bar on data center and crypto mining tax breaks. Oregon has roughly 125 data centers, mostly in the Portland area and near Columbia River hydroelectric dams. This is a distinct legislative action from the existing Oregon (statewide) entry which covers earlier regulatory discussion. HB 4084 extends the enterprise zone tax break program from 5 to 10 years but was amended to temporarily bar data centers from receiving the expanded tax breaks until summer 2027. Data centers currently account for the majority of enterprise zone tax breaks ($85M in 2026). Kotek supports the amendment. The 2026 short session has ended; bill awaits governor's signature. Governor Kotek signed HB 4084. Data centers blocked from Enterprise Zone tax breaks until summer 2027. The enterprise-zone tax-break moratorium took effect June 6, 2026; Hillsboro said no new data center applications could be submitted after May 7 and still complete approval before the cutoff.", "sources": [ "https://www.opb.org/article/2026/03/02/data-centers-cut-bill-expanding-oregon-tax-breaks/", "https://oregoncapitalchronicle.com/2026/03/02/oregon-would-temporarily-bar-expanded-tax-benefits-for-data-centers-under-changes-to-governors-bill/", "https://www.kgw.com/article/news/local/oregon-lawmakers-one-year-tax-break-moratorium-data-centers/283-d6721ffe-abf8-4213-8477-0365a6fea35e", { "url": "https://www.hillsboro-oregon.gov/community/data-centers", "title": "Hillsboro: Data Centers" } ], "opposition_groups": [], "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "scope": "statewide", "county": "Marion County", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "HB 4084", "bill_url": "https://olis.oregonlegislature.gov/liz/2026R1/Measures/Overview/HB4084", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Repeal data center tax exemptions via HB 4084", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Jeff Golden (D-OR)", "Rep. Nancy Nathanson (D-Eugene)" ], "company": "Amazon / Meta / Apple / Google", "flags": [ { "type": "status_uncertain", "note": "signing not directly verified in accessible sources", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "pennsylvania-hb-2151-pa-2026-03-02", "jurisdiction": "Pennsylvania (HB 2151)", "state": "PA", "county": null, "lat": 40.264, "lng": -76.884, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-02", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Better Path Coalition", "Concerned Citizens of Montour County" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/betterpathpage/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Pennsylvania HB 2151 (sponsored by Rep. Kyle Donahue, D-Lackawanna) passed the PA House of Representatives 124-77 on April 14, 2026. The bill directs the Department of Community and Economic Development to produce a model zoning ordinance for municipalities to use voluntarily when regulating data centers, covering noise, water and energy usage, emergency response plans, and site location. Companion bill HB 2150 (annual reporting requirement) passed the same day 133-68. Both bills now head to the Republican-controlled state Senate, where prospects are uncertain.", "sources": [ "https://radio.wpsu.org/2026-04-15/pa-state-house-passes-two-measures-on-data-center-regulation", "https://www.wesa.fm/politics-government/2026-04-14/state-house-data-center-regulations", "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/04/13/pa-house-passes-model-ordinance-to-speed-data-center-development/", "https://www.wfmz.com/news/area/pennsylvania/pa-house-passes-bills-to-increase-oversight-of-data-centers-protect-local-communities/article_8b5e7016-095e-4619-a287-916e35ae2662.html", "https://www.wesa.fm/politics-government/2026-03-09/lawmakers-bill-data-center-construction", "https://www.cityandstatepa.com/policy/2026/03/pa-house-committee-advances-data-center-bills/411812/", "https://buckscountybeacon.com/2026/02/legislation-in-the-state-house-seeks-to-assist-pennsylvania-municipalities-regulate-data-centers-but-who-would-it-actually-help/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "HB 2151 - Data Center Model Zoning Ordinance", "bill_url": "https://www.palegis.us/legislation/bills/2025/hb2151", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "noise", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Develop state model data center zoning ordinance (HB 2151)", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Kyle Donahue (D-PA)" ] }, { "id": "fulton-county-in-2026-03-03", "jurisdiction": "Fulton County", "state": "IN", "county": "Fulton County", "lat": 41.06, "lng": -86.26, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-03", "status": "passed", "company": "Decennial Group", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 150, "megawatts": 500, "acreage": 300, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 125, "opposition_groups": [ "No Data Centers, Fulton County", "No Data Centers Fulton County IN" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Fulton County, Indiana, Commissioners approved a one-year moratorium on data center construction on March 3, 2026, after a heated public hearing where residents voiced concerns about the Decennial Group's proposal for a 500MW, $150 million data center on 300 acres near Akron. The 'No Data Centers, Fulton County' opposition group organized residents who cited threats to water resources, agricultural land, and quality of life. The moratorium prevents new data center applications while the county develops regulations.", "sources": [ "https://www.wndu.com/2026/03/03/fulton-county-commissioners-approve-one-year-moratorium-data-center-construction/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/officials-recommend-data-center-moratorium-for-approval-in-fulton-county-indiana/", "https://www.953mnc.com/2026/03/03/fulton-county-commissioners-approve-one-year-moratorium-on-new-data-center-development/", "https://www.wndu.com/2026/02/11/fulton-county-approves-12-month-data-center-moratorium-after-heated-public-hearing/", "https://www.abc57.com/news/developer-unveils-data-center-plan-in-akron-amid-resident-concerns", "https://www.giant.fm/fulton-county/news/local-news/data-center-moratorium-approved-during-fulton-county-commissioners-meeting-monday/", "https://www.wndu.com/2026/03/03/fulton-county-commissioners-approve-one-year-moratorium-data-center-construction-meeting/", "https://www.wndu.com/2026/02/11/area-plan-commission-fulton-county-votes-favor-data-center-moratorium-public-meeting/", "https://www.abc57.com/news/latest-details-on-potential-data-center-development-in-fulton-county" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-23", "opposition_facebook_members": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Halt data centers in Fulton County after Decennial Group proposal", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "lyon-township-mi-2026-03-03", "jurisdiction": "Lyon Township", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.467, "lng": -83.629, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2026-03-03", "summary": "Lyon Township, Michigan, (Oakland County) board voted unanimously to enact a 180-day moratorium on data centers and all proposed developments 100,000+ sq ft on March 3, 2026. The moratorium followed months of community opposition to 'Project Flex,' a $4 billion, 1.8 million sq ft AI data center by California-based developer Verrus approved by the planning commission in September 2025 on 172 acres zoned industrial. Residents didn't learn about the project until December. The moratorium does not affect Project Flex, only newly proposed data centers.", "sources": [ "https://www.whmi.com/news/article/lyon-twp-board-enacts-six-month-moratorium-on-new-data-center-projects", "https://bluewaterhealthyliving.com/news/local-news/michigan/as-project-flex-proceeds-lyon-township-hits-pause-on-new-data-centers/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/01/lyon-township-data-center-plan/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/180-acre-data-center-set-to-be-built-in-lyon-township-michigan/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-building-of-an-ai-data-center-in-lyon-township", "https://www.crainsdetroit.com/economic-development/verrus-data-center-planned-lyon-township", "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/12/michigan-data-center-news-roundup/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "NO DATA CENTER in Lyon Township" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "company": "Verrus", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-building-of-an-ai-data-center-in-lyon-township", "hyperscaler": null, "opposition_facebook_members": null, "investment_million_usd": 4000, "acreage": 172, "building_sq_ft": 1800000, "scope": "local", "petition_signatures": 1351, "county": "Oakland County", "county_lean": "D", "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 15000, "opposition_website": "https://nodatacenterlyon.org/", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "zoning", "anti_ai" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in Lyon Township (Verrus)", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Google': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "city-of-ypsilanti-mi-2026-03-03", "jurisdiction": "City of Ypsilanti", "state": "MI", "lat": 42.2411, "lng": -83.6129, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2026-03-03", "summary": "In City of Ypsilanti, Michigan, Ypsilanti City Council held a public hearing on March 3 to consider both a 60-day emergency moratorium and a separate 365-day resolution on data center zoning permits, Amid regional concerns about projects including the University of Michigan / Los Alamos National Laboratory's proposed $1.2 billion, 110MW facility on 124 acres. The 60-day measure comes from city administration as a preventive step, while the 365-day resolution was introduced by Ward 3 Council member Amber Fellows. Council approved both the 60-day emergency ordinance and the 365-day resolution. This is preemptive -- no active data center proposals in Ypsilanti city proper.", "sources": [ "https://www.wemu.org/wemu-news/2026-03-03/ypsilanti-city-council-likely-to-pass-data-center-moratorium", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/01/university-michigan-data-center-ypsilanti/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/06/university-michigan-data-center-concerns/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/02/los-alamos-nuclear-research-ypsilanti/", "https://www.wemu.org/wemu-news/2026-03-04/city-of-ypsilanti-passes-data-center-moratorium", "https://www.easternecho.com/article/2026/03/city-of-ypsilanti-considers-emergency-moratorium-concerning-data-center-zoning" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Stop the Data Center" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "company": "University of Michigan / Los Alamos National Laboratory", "megawatts": 110, "investment_million_usd": 1200, "opposition_website": null, "scope": "local", "county": "Washtenaw County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 60-day emergency and 365-day moratorium on data center permits in Ypsilanti", "community_outcome": "win", "acreage": 124, "flags": [ { "type": "url_unverifiable", "note": "Validation: removed dead opposition_website link (https://stopthedatacenter.org/).", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "tobyhanna-township-pa-2026-03-03", "jurisdiction": "Tobyhanna Township", "state": "PA", "lat": 41.1812, "lng": -75.4188, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-03-03", "summary": "Residents are challenging the validity of Tobyhanna Township's data center overlay zoning before the Zoning Hearing Board in Monroe County (proposed by Pennsylvania Glacial Till LLC) (520 acres). The hearing is scheduled for March 11, 2026 at 5pm. Part of a broader grassroots resistance movement in Pennsylvania against over 50 proposed data center projects across the state.", "sources": [ "https://monroecountypa.com/event/2026/03/tobyhanna-township-zoning-hearing-board-re-data-center-overlay-validity", "https://www.2822news.com/news/local-news/legal-fight-over-data-center-site-continues/", "https://fox56.com/news/local/tobyhanna-township-approves-second-data-center-zoning-overlay", "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2026-02-04/data-centers-residents-fear-negative-impacts-on-water-resources-as-data-centers-are-proposed-across-northeast-pa" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Tobyhanna Township Residents Against Caughbaugh Road Data Center" ], "last_updated": "2026-03-04", "company": "Pennsylvania Glacial Till LLC", "petition_signatures": null, "acreage": 520, "scope": "local", "county": "Monroe County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Legal challenge to Pennsylvania Glacial Till data center in Tobyhanna Township", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "royalton-vt-2026-03-03", "jurisdiction": "Royalton", "state": "VT", "lat": 43.8209, "lng": -72.5187, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2026-03-03", "summary": "Royalton, Vermont, voters approved a five-year moratorium on AI and crypto data centers via show-of-hands vote at Town Meeting Day. About 154 of the town's registered voters participated. No data centers have been proposed for the town; the ban is preemptive. The Planning Commission will write the policy into the town plan for Selectboard approval. State Senator Becca White spoke at the meeting about her statewide moratorium bill (S. 205).", "sources": [ "https://vnews.com/2026/03/03/royalton-ai-crypto-moratorium-approved/", "https://www.wcax.com/2026/03/04/royalton-voters-say-no-ai-data-centers/", "https://www.vermontpublic.org/show/vermont-edition/2026-03-04/vermont-looks-to-study-and-possibly-block-data-centers" ], "opposition_groups": [], "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county": "Windsor County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "voters", "objective": "Moratorium on AI and crypto data centers", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "anchorage-ak-2026-03-03", "jurisdiction": "Anchorage", "state": "AK", "lat": 61.2181, "lng": -149.9003, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2026-03-27", "summary": "The Anchorage Assembly adopted Ordinance AO 2026-27 on March 27, 2026, establishing a new land use and permitting framework for data centers before receiving any large-scale applications. Data centers are defined as facilities requiring 20+ MW at peak operation (2,000+ servers). Key requirements: restricted to commercial/industrial zones; conditional use permitting with public process; setback and buffering requirements; input from local utilities required before project approval. Blocks data centers from residential zones.", "sources": [ "https://www.dwt.com/blogs/energy--environmental-law-blog/2026/04/anchorage-adopts-data-center-framework", "https://www.adn.com/alaska-news/anchorage/2026/03/27/anchorage-assembly-preemptively-adopts-data-center-regulations/", "https://broadbandbreakfast.com/anchorage-blocks-new-data-centers-in-residential-zones/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Northern Alaska Environmental Center", "Alaska Public Interest Research Group" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county": "Anchorage Municipality", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Restrict data centers to industrial zones in Anchorage", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "blanchard-north-caddo-parish-la-2026-03-03", "jurisdiction": "Blanchard (North Caddo Parish)", "state": "LA", "lat": 32.4069, "lng": -93.8799, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "date": "2026-03-03", "summary": "Rural communities in North Caddo Parish organized a boycott of the official community meeting for Amazon/AWS's proposed $12 billion data center campus on 810 acres in Blanchard, Louisiana, on March 3. Residents near Caddo Lake object to the campus on State Line Road and Blanchard Latex Road near Mooringsport. State Rep. Danny McCormick has demanded transparency around NDAs signed by local officials. The Village of Mooringsport unanimously approved a resolution on Feb. 12 calling for an environmental study. Caddo Commission declined to vote on a one-year water moratorium proposed by Commissioner Chris Kracman.", "sources": [ "https://www.ksla.com/video/2026/03/02/rural-community-hosting-boycott-data-center-meeting/", "https://www.ksla.com/2026/02/23/community-meeting-north-caddo-data-center-project-scheduled-march-3/", "https://www.shreveportbossieradvocate.com/business/staack-and-aws-to-host-first-data-center-meeting-for-caddo-parish/article_7824f681-e203-475e-ab4b-71ab2835a5ad.html", "https://www.ktalnews.com/news/louisiana/mccormick-investigates-shreveport-blanchard-ndas/", "https://lailluminator.com/2026/02/23/amazon-data-center/", "https://www.ksla.com/2026/02/24/campuses-newly-announced-amazon-data-center-spanning-bossier-caddo-parishes-confirmed/", "https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/company-news/amazon-data-center-louisiana-new-jobs", "https://www.ktbs.com/community/blanchard-town-hall-meeting-draws-crowd-over-proposed-amazon-data-center/article_1d844d35-3491-4b12-9cb7-187ba7b8240c.html", "https://www.opportunitylouisiana.gov/news/amazon-selects-louisiana-for-12-billion-data-center-campuses-in-major-u-s-expansion" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Shreveport-Bossier Anti-War Committee", "Sierra Club Delta Chapter" ], "last_updated": "2026-03-05", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "investment_million_usd": 12000, "acreage": 810, "building_sq_ft": 7000000, "jobs_promised": 540, "scope": "local", "county": "Caddo Parish", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Halt data centers in Blanchard after Amazon/AWS proposal", "community_outcome": "pending", "petition_signatures": 300 }, { "id": "delta-county-mi-2026-03-03", "jurisdiction": "Delta County", "state": "MI", "lat": 45.7914, "lng": -86.9486, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "pending", "date": "2026-03-03", "summary": "Delta County, Michigan, Planning Commission considered a resolution to suspend data center and cryptocurrency mining projects for 12 months while a zoning ordinance is developed. Commission Chair Amy Berglund said no known data center plans exist for the county but cited concerns over utility demand and water usage. Final decision expected in April 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.uppermichiganssource.com/2026/03/03/delta-county-could-prevent-data-center-development-year/", "https://gandernewsroom.com/2026/03/02/how-many-ai-data-centers-are-planned-in-michigan-we-counted/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/03/lawmakers-propose-michigan-data-center-moratorium/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Delta County residents" ], "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county": "Delta County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Impose 12 month data centers and crypto mining moratorium in Delta County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "penn-forest-township-carbon-county-pa-2026-03-03", "jurisdiction": "Penn Forest Township (Carbon County)", "state": "PA", "lat": 40.9601, "lng": -75.584, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2026-03-03", "summary": "Penn Forest Township, Pennsylvania, supervisors approved a comprehensive data center ordinance at a well-attended meeting at Penn's Peak (proposed by Mele Brothers Realty). The ordinance creates a new zoning overlay district covering 750 acres along Route 903, with requirements including: 30-acre minimum lot, 60 ft height cap plus 15 ft for rooftop equipment, noise and vibration standards, woodland protection (no more than 50% disturbance), Area of Influence water feasibility studies, and a decommissioning cost estimate from an independent engineer. Described as the 'least worst option' by community members who feared that without regulation, developers could exploit existing industrial zoning.", "sources": [ "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2026-03-03/penn-forest-twp-supervisors-approve-regulations-for-data-center-development", "https://www.tnonline.com/20260304/penn-forest-oks-data-ordinance/", "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2026-02-28/least-worst-option-carbon-county-community-faces-data-center-challenges" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Save Carbon County" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "company": "Mele Brothers Realty", "acreage": 750, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 1500000, "county": "Carbon County", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_website": "https://www.savecarboncounty.com/", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Ban data centers in designated zones in Penn Forest Township", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Confirmed. Both cited sources (wvia, tnonline) and independent sources (CleanView listing, PennFuture, Save Carbon County) corroborate the 750-acre Route 903 overlay but NONE state a water figure of 1", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "mercer-county-nd-2026-03-03", "jurisdiction": "Mercer County", "state": "ND", "county": "Mercer County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 47.2964, "lng": -101.7844, "date": "2026-03-03", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": "NextEra Energy Resources", "acreage": 530, "summary": "Mercer County Commission voted 3-2 for a one-year moratorium after NextEra subsidiary Boulevard Associates had been quietly acquiring land options on roughly 530 acres under NDA (proposed by NextEra Energy Resources). Commissioner Jamee Folk said 'We have so many questions and so many lies. We have ordinances to work out.' About 50 residents attended, most supporting the pause, citing lack of transparency, fear of increased electric rates, and the need for stronger landowner protections.", "opposition_groups": [ "Mercer County residents" ], "sources": [ "https://www.kfyrtv.com/2026/03/04/mercer-county-issues-moratorium-data-centers/", "https://www.inforum.com/news/north-dakota/data-center-concerns-rise-in-2nd-western-north-dakota-county-as-nextera-basin-eye-project", "https://www.dakotanewsnetwork.com/2026/03/04/mercer-county-commission-holds-meeting-on-data-centers", "https://bismarcktribune.com/news/state-regional/government-politics/article_564db95a-eb0d-4750-9ec4-629b1b70c102.html" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Halt data centers in Mercer County after NextEra Energy Resources proposal", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "calvert-county-md-2026-03-03", "jurisdiction": "Calvert County", "state": "MD", "county": "Calvert County", "lat": 38.535, "lng": -76.528, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-03", "status": "defeated", "company": "Amazon AWS / Natelli Holdings", "hyperscaler": "Amazon", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 1000, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Informed St. Mary's" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.informedstmarys.com/news/regulating-data-centers", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/informedstmarys/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Calvert County Board of Commissioners voted 2-3 against a proposed 24-month moratorium on data center permits. Commissioner Hart had proposed the moratorium after Amazon AWS began evaluating a data center near the Calvert Cliffs nuclear plant and Natelli Holdings proposed a facility in Lusby (with a $30M park as trade-off). Board opted to pursue zoning text amendments instead.", "sources": [ "https://thebaynet.com/calvert-county-strikes-down-data-center-moratorium-in-2-3-vote/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 50, "issue_category": [ "transparency", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 24-month data centers moratorium in Calvert County (Amazon)", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRMED. Independently verified against primary sources. The acreage=1000 in the entry is not supported by any cited or located source. AWS Calvert Technology Center: AWS (Amazon Data Services) prop", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "urbana-oh-2026-03-04", "jurisdiction": "Urbana", "state": "OH", "lat": 40.1084, "lng": -83.7527, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "date": "2026-06-17", "summary": "Urbana City Council voted 6-1 to approve a 12-month moratorium on data centers over 10,000 sq ft, halting a proposed 460,000 sq ft Thor Equities facility off Routes 55 and 68 (400 MW, 133 acres). Over 40 citizens spoke at the meeting. The site consists of three parcels purchased for $5 million. Concerns center on impacts to Cedar Bog, water, electricity, noise, and property values. The only dissenting vote came from the mayor's wife. Urbana city council passed a 12-month moratorium on March 3, 2026 by a 6-1 vote, blocking any new data center over 10,000 sq ft. Thor Equities' proposed $1B Urbana Technology Hub (460,000 sq ft near Ohio 55 and US 68) is now in limbo. Over 4,000 online signatures were collected voicing concerns about data centers in Champaign County within two weeks. May 14, 2026: Urbana began rolling back the M-1 zoning changes that had permitted data centers, moving to walk back prior approvals. [Update 2026-06-22: UPDATE to urbana-oh-2026-03-04. On June 17 the Urbana City Council passed Ordinance 4635-26 reversing a 2025 zoning change that had allowed data centers in the M-1 district, restoring the pre-2025 code, after residents filled council chambers for months. Strengthens the existing Urbana win already in the DB.]", "sources": [ "https://www.urbanacitizen.com/2026/03/03/council-presses-pause-button-on-data-center-opposition-celebrates-temporary-moratorium/", "https://www.springfieldnewssun.com/news/urbana-city-council-passes-12-month-moratorium-on-data-centers/KAKNRLK2Q5FQNBJ2VKTOPSTXDI/", "https://www.change.org/p/no-data-centers-in-champaign-county-ohio", "https://www.wosu.org/2026-03-04/urbana-passes-moratorium-on-new-data-centers-leaving-1b-proposal-in-limbo", "https://www.peakofohio.com/featured-news/urbana-city-council-approves-moratorium-to-suspend-progress-on-data-center-project/", "https://www.wdtn.com/news/local-news/urbana-data-center-proposal-sparks-backlash-from-residents/", "https://www.urbanadatacenter.info/", "https://www.cedarbognp.org/say-no-to-data-centers-please-sign-the-petition/", "https://www.springfieldnewssun.com/news/potential-data-center-considered-for-champaign-county/BYYV3EK3ARGZFM4ARE3NPOSEH4/", "https://www.statenews.org/section/the-ohio-newsroom/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success", "https://www.wyso.org/news/2026-05-14/urbana-begins-walking-back-zoning-changes-that-permitted-data-centers", { "url": "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-june-17-2026/", "title": "Data Centers: Daily Notes | June 17, 2026 - Strisker" } ], "opposition_groups": [ "No Data Centers In Urbana, OH" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "company": "Thor Equities", "megawatts": 400, "investment_million_usd": 1000, "acreage": 133, "building_sq_ft": 460000, "jobs_promised": 80, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/no-data-centers-in-champaign-county-ohio", "petition_signatures": 6586, "opposition_website": "https://www.urbanadatacenter.info/", "scope": "local", "county": "Champaign County", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 12-month data centers moratorium in Urbana (Thor Equities)", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "palo-google-annexation-bypass-ia-2026-03-04", "jurisdiction": "Palo (Google annexation bypass)", "state": "IA", "lat": 42.0669, "lng": -91.7929, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "delayed", "date": "2026-06-15", "summary": "Google abandoned unincorporated Linn County and is pursuing annexation into the City of Palo, Iowa (pop. 1,407) to avoid the county's strict data center zoning. Palo held a town hall on March 25 where residents pressed city leaders for details. On April 4, a KCRG investigation revealed documents showing Palo negotiated with Google for months while publicly downplaying involvement. On April 23, Iowa Public Radio reporting on \"Project Meridian\" detailed water use of up to 14 million gallons/day at full build-out. The project would require annexing ~545 acres near the Duane Arnold nuclear power plant. Mayor Bryan Busch supports the project but promised community protections. May 12, 2026: The Palo Planning & Zoning Commission recommended a lighter data center ordinance for the Google project. The City of Palo removed its June 15 second-reading vote on the data-center zoning ordinance from the agenda — an indefinite postponement after council members sought more time to review public feedback. The ordinance followed Google's move to annex ~545 acres into Palo to bypass Linn County's stricter rules; the first reading passed June 1 over heavy opposition. [Update 2026-06-22: Palo's proposed data center zoning ordinance (governing a Google project pursued via annexation to bypass Linn County's stricter rules) stalled in-window: the scheduled June 15, 2026 second reading was removed from the council agenda after members requested more time to review the first-reading ordinance (approved unanimously June 1) and public feedback;...]", "sources": [ "https://www.iowapublicradio.org/ipr-news/2026-03-25/palo-google-data-center-mayor-townhall-linn-county", "https://www.kcrg.com/2026/04/04/i9-investigation-documents-show-palo-negotiated-with-google-while-publicly-downplaying-involvement/", "https://www.kcrg.com/2026/03/25/palo-residents-question-google-data-center-plans-town-hall/", "https://www.iowapublicradio.org/ipr-news/2026-03-04/google-data-center-palo-linn-county", "https://www.kcrg.com/2026/05/12/palo-commission-recommends-new-regulations-google-data-center/", { "url": "https://cbs2iowa.com/news/local/palo-delays-vote-on-data-center-ordinance", "title": "Palo delays second vote on data center ordinance - CBS2 Iowa" }, { "url": "https://www.kcrg.com/2026/06/16/linn-county-residents-push-back-against-proposed-power-plant-data-centers/", "title": "Linn County residents push back against proposed power plant, data centers - KCRG" } ], "opposition_groups": [ "Linn County residents" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "company": "Google", "hyperscaler": "Google", "megawatts": 615, "investment_million_usd": 1000, "acreage": 545, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 14000000, "scope": "local", "county": "Linn County", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "transparency", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Block Google from annexing into Palo to evade Linn County's strict data center ordinance", "community_outcome": "pending", "project_name": "Project Meridian" }, { "id": "mcduffie-county-ga-2026-03-04", "jurisdiction": "McDuffie County", "state": "GA", "county": "McDuffie County", "lat": 33.4735, "lng": -82.4613, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-04", "status": "approved", "company": "Williams Brothers Development", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Azalea", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 400, "acreage": 200, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "McDuffie County residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "McDuffie County Planning Commission voted 5-1 on March 3, 2026 to RECOMMEND approval of the proposed data center. The Board of Commissioners public hearing is scheduled for March 17. Not a final approval.", "sources": [ "https://www.wrdw.com/2026/03/04/mcduffie-county-planning-panel-recommends-data-centers-approval/", "https://www.wrdw.com/2026/03/03/meeting-focus-plans-mcduffie-county-data-center/", "https://www.wrdw.com/2026/01/14/another-data-center-proposed-this-time-mcduffie-county/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "ratepayer", "traffic", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Oppose 400MW Project Azalea data center on 200 acres in McDuffie County", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "kansas-statewide-sb-526-ks-2026-03-04", "jurisdiction": "Kansas (statewide)", "state": "KS", "county": null, "lat": 39.0553, "lng": -95.66720000000001, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-04", "status": "dead", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SB 526", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "SB 526 adds a zoning requirement to Kansas's existing SB 98 data center sales tax exemption program, mandating that data centers must be located on land zoned for industrial or manufacturing uses — or land that was unzoned as of July 1, 2025 — to qualify for the 20-year, 100% sales and use tax exemption. The bill responds to concerns about data centers being sited on agricultural land, particularly as multiple companies seek to acquire more than 1,000 acres of Kansas farmland for new facilities. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: SB 526 (industrial-zoning requirement for tax-exemption eligibility) died in committee; KS sine die April 11, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/KS/bill/SB526/2025", "https://legiscan.com/KS/bill/SB526/2025?guid=4gs4zxc5fRgM64pXcptHwK", "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/2/20/state-data-center-legislation-in-2026-tackles-energy-and-tax-issues", { "url": "https://www.kslegislature.gov/li/b2025_26/measures/sb526/", "title": "Kansas SB 526 status" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 526", "bill_url": "https://legiscan.com/KS/bill/SB526/2025", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "farmland", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require industrial or manufacturing zoning for data centers to qualify for SB 98 tax exemptions in Kansas", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Senate Committee on Utilities" ] }, { "id": "marion-county-sc-2025-01-22", "jurisdiction": "Marion County", "state": "SC", "county": "Marion County", "lat": 34.1794, "lng": -79.4006, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-05", "status": "active", "company": "Stream Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Liberty", "investment_million_usd": 2400, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 7175, "jobs_promised": 20, "opposition_groups": [ "Marion County residents", "Winyah Rivers Alliance", "Marion County Concerned Citizens" ], "opposition_website": "https://winyahrivers.org", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-third-reading-of-ordinance-2026-01-in-marion-county", "petition_signatures": 933, "summary": "During a rare winter storm on January 22, 2025, Marion County Council approved a $2.4B data center under the code name 'Project Liberty' while most residents were snowed in and unaware. The project is by Stream Data Centers (operating as Eagle Myra LLC) in the county's industrial park on US Highway 501 Bypass, with up to six buildings in two phases. Stream said the facility would create only 20 permanent jobs. Marion County Council passed all three readings of the ordinance under a nondisclosure agreement, preventing officials from making details public. Residents packed a subsequent council meeting demanding transparency. In March 2026, South Carolina lawmakers submitted a resolution to temporarily halt data center projects statewide. Opposition continues with a Change.org petition voicing concerns about the ordinance. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://www.wmbfnews.com/2026/06/11/stream-data-centers-pulls-out-controversial-marion-county-project/.]", "sources": [ "https://capitalbnews.org/secret-data-center-deal-marion-county-south-carolina/", "https://truthout.org/articles/amid-the-winter-storm-a-rural-sc-county-quietly-approved-a-2-4b-data-center/", "https://wpde.com/news/local/ai-stream-data-center-backlash-over-marion-county-data-center-project-administration-building-industrial-park-road-highway-501-update", "https://wpde.com/news/local/marion-county-eagle-myra-project-liberty", "https://wpde.com/news/local/marion-county-residents-pack-council-meeting-to-oppose-data-center-demand-more-details-stream-data-centers-artificial-intelligence-digital-benefits-construction-hearing", "https://www.change.org/p/oppose-third-reading-of-ordinance-2026-01-in-marion-county", "https://www.postandcourier.com/pee-dee/news/marion-county-stream-data-center/article_fce64b6c-7e65-4d99-ba9a-4d1dc70d28e5.html", "https://www.wmbfnews.com/2026/02/05/marion-county-community-members-seek-transparency-proposed-data-center/", "https://www.yanasa.tv/p/project-liberty-how-a-24-billion", "https://www.wrdw.com/2026/03/05/sc-lawmakers-submit-resolution-temporarily-halt-data-center-projects/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Demand transparency after Marion County secretly approved Stream Data Centers' $2.4B Project Liberty during winter storm under NDA", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "west-louisville-ky-2026-03-05", "jurisdiction": "Louisville (Shively)", "state": "KY", "county": "Jefferson County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 38.1932, "lng": -85.8162, "date": "2026-03-05", "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "status": "approved", "scope": "local", "company": "Poe Companies / PowerHouse Data Centers", "energy_mw": 400, "summary": "Louisville Planning Commission voted 6-1 to approve Kentucky's first hyperscale data center near Shively, a joint venture between PowerHouse Data Centers and Poe Companies, despite more than 20 residents speaking in opposition. The seven-building campus on 153 acres at Camp Ground Road will require 400 MW at full capacity, with LG&E building a new transmission substation to serve the site. The initial 130 MW phase targets an October 2026 start, with power equivalent to roughly 68% of all LG&E residential customers' combined usage at full buildout.", "opposition_groups": [ "West Louisville residents" ], "sources": [ "https://www.lpm.org/news/2026-03-05/west-louisville-data-center-approved-despite-opposition", "https://www.wdrb.com/news/large-scale-louisville-data-center-project-advances-despite-community-protest/article_843c2208-7581-4d72-872c-b0e74418165e.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/planning-commission-recommends-approval-for-16m-sq-ft-planned-data-center-in-louisville-kentucky/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "acreage": 153, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Oppose Poe Companies' 400MW hyperscale data center requiring 68% of LG&E's customer load in Louisville", "community_outcome": "loss", "megawatts": 400, "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "council vote clarified as 6-1 (not 8-1)", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "georgia-sb-410-ga-2026-03-06", "jurisdiction": "Georgia (SB 410)", "state": "GA", "county": null, "lat": 33.749, "lng": -84.388, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-06", "status": "dead", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In Georgia, SB 410 would repeal state sales and use tax exemption for new data centers while grandfathering existing projects. Locks into law that data centers must cover full cost of new generation and transmission infrastructure. Passed Senate 32-21 on Crossover Day (March 6, 2026). Phases out tax breaks: new DCs can't receive exemptions, existing companies keep them until 2028/2031. Also incorporates original SB 34 language requiring data centers to pay for grid infrastructure. Now goes to the House.", "sources": [ "https://www.ajc.com/business/2026/03/georgia-senate-votes-to-claw-back-data-center-tax-breaks/", "https://www.wabe.org/georgia-bill-to-repeal-new-data-center-tax-breaks-advances-out-of-senate/", "https://thecurrentga.org/2026/03/07/georgia-senate-votes-to-end-tax-breaks-for-new-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "SB 410 - Data Center Tax Exemption Repeal", "bill_url": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/70838", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Repeal data center tax exemptions via SB 34", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Matt Brass (R-GA)" ] }, { "id": "champaign-county-il-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Champaign County", "state": "IL", "county": "Champaign County", "lat": 40.14, "lng": -88.196, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-23", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Prairie Rivers Network" ], "opposition_website": "https://prairierivers.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/PrairieRiversNetwork/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 4000, "summary": "On April 23, 2026, the Champaign County Board passed a 12-month moratorium on new large-scale data centers (≥10,000 sq ft of processing area) in unincorporated areas — reversing the Environment and Land Use Committee's prior 9-month recommendation after pressure from 100+ residents at the meeting. A data center task force will use the moratorium period to develop zoning regulations. Roofers Local 97 had preferred the shorter 9-month version. The board action is a clear community win after months of organizing.", "sources": [ "https://citizenportal.ai/articles/7784846/Illinois/Champaign-County/Champaign-County-committee-approves-9month-moratorium-on-large-data-centers-after-public-comment-and-scheduling-debate", "https://dailyillini.com/news-stories/world-news/state-news/2026/03/31/champaign-county-arms-against-big-data-centers/", "https://ipmnewsroom.org/champaign-county-takes-first-step-towards-a-one-year-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.nprillinois.org/economy-business/2026-04-24/champaign-county-board-approves-1-year-data-center-moratorium", "https://sjodaily.com/2026/04/24/champaign-county-board-places-yearlong-halt-on-large-data-centers-in-rural-areas/", "https://www.wandtv.com/news/champaign-county-board-to-vote-thursday-on-data-center-moratorium/article_c1313fd7-ad95-4649-a434-c09b47d08d0f.html" ], "data_source": "ssrn_moratorium_nation", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Propose data centers moratorium in Champaign County", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 5800, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Confirmed. The Illinois entry (champaign-county-il-2025-12-01) carries petition_signatures=4000 with petition_url=null. I independently verified: (1) the cited evidence URL (NPR Illinois) does NOT men", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://vcnva.org/denying-balico-data-center-and-gas-plant/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/950-acre-data-center-campus-proposed-in-pittsylvania-county-virginia/", "https://wset.com/news/local/pittsylvania-county-updates-plan-to-manage-data-center-growth-after-local-pushback-november-2025", "https://cardinalnews.org/2025/04/10/data-centers-can-bring-high-paying-jobs-and-millions-in-tax-revenue-is-that-what-southside-will-get/" ], "id": "pittsylvania-county-va-2025-04-01", "jurisdiction": "Pittsylvania County", "state": "VA", "county": "Pittsylvania County", "lat": 36.82, "lng": -79.39, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-04-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Balico", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "The Pittsylvania County Board of Supervisors voted to deny a massive 2,200-acre datacenter campus proposal that would have included 84 datacenter buildings and a 3,500MW natural gas power plant. Strong community opposition cited environmental and quality-of-life concerns. The denial was part of a broader wave of Virginia data center cancellations -- at least 25 projects were canceled in 2025.", "energy_mw": 3500, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 2200, "opposition_groups": [ "Save Our Farmlands, No Power Plant No Data Center", "Southern Environmental Law Center", "Appalachian Voices" ], "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/prevent-the-construction-of-the-proposed-power-plant-and-data-centers-in-chatham-va", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Deny 2,200-acre, 84-building data center campus with 3,500MW gas plant in Pittsylvania County", "community_outcome": "win", "megawatts": 3500, "petition_signatures": 962 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.12onyourside.com/2025/07/28/amazon-pulls-louisa-county-data-center-proposal-after-strong-resistance/", "https://dailyprogress.com/news/state-regional/business/article_01ab4690-f617-4e84-b1d8-3b535771a116.html", "https://virginiamercury.com/2025/07/28/amazon-pulls-louisa-county-data-center-proposal-after-strong-resistance/", "https://virginiabusiness.com/amazon-cancels-data-center-in-louisa-county/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/aws-withdraws-plans-for-third-data-center-campus-in-louisa-county-virginia/" ], "id": "louisa-county-va-2025-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Louisa County", "state": "VA", "county": "Louisa County", "lat": 38.0, "lng": -77.97, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-07-25", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "summary": "Amazon Web Services withdrew a conditional use permit application for a 7.2 million-square-foot data center campus on 1,370 acres in Louisa County's Mineral area (south of Davis Highway/Route 22, north of Jefferson Highway/Route 33, surrounding Northeast Creek). At a town hall meeting in late June 2025, community members voiced concerns about noise, traffic, water use, and energy bills, with some passing out stickers reading 'Don't Loudoun my Louisa.' Amazon withdrew in a letter to county leaders on July 23, 2025, citing community feedback. The county has three other data centers in development, none of which required the conditional use permitting process that allows community input.", "acreage": 1370, "opposition_groups": [ "Louisa County residents (Don't Loudoun my Louisa)", "Louisa County residents" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "energy_mw": 1000, "investment_usd": 11000000000, "building_sq_ft": 7200000, "issue_category": [ "noise", "traffic", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Require use permit for Amazon data center in Louisa County", "community_outcome": "win", "investment_million_usd": null }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.fredericksburgfreepress.com/2026/02/25/spotsylvania-board-of-supervisors-vote-to-require-sup-for-data-centers-set-advertised-tax-rate/", "https://www.fredericksburgfreepress.com/2025/12/10/spotsylvania-board-of-supervisors-approves-data-center-design-standards-but-they-may-be-short-lived/" ], "id": "spotsylvania-county-va-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Spotsylvania County", "state": "VA", "county": "Spotsylvania County", "lat": 38.18, "lng": -77.58, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "summary": "Spotsylvania County has approved data centers and is trying to implement regulations (873 acres). In December 2025, the board voted 4-3 to approve design standards requiring special-use permits for data centers in commercial, agricultural, and industrial districts. Vice Chair Lori Hayes, Jacob Lane, and Chair Chris Yakabouski dissented, preferring a stronger SUP (special use permit) requirement. Yakabouski noted Loudoun, Prince William, and Henrico have all moved to require SUPs. AWS has committed $35 billion in Virginia by 2040, including $6 billion for a data center spanning Spotsylvania, Caroline, and Stafford counties. The board signaled it may strengthen requirements further in 2026.", "opposition_groups": [ "Spotsylvania County residents" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "energy_mw": 770, "investment_usd": 35000000000, "acreage": 873, "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "environmental", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Require conditional use permits in Spotsylvania County", "community_outcome": "mixed", "investment_million_usd": 35000 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.fauquiernow.com/news/gigaland-developers-withdraw-remington-data-center-application-new-filing-anticipated/article_ea7c2fd1-97a0-416f-9a1b-4e68e72cc496.html", "https://www.pecva.org/region/fauquier/gigaland-application-withdrawn-our-communitys-voice-was-heard/", "https://www.fauquier.com/localnews/gigaland-resubmits-scaled-down-data-center-project/article_86348ee7-cefa-4d0f-b28c-33ced39ae9ff.html" ], "id": "fauquier-county-gigaland-va-2025-09-01", "jurisdiction": "Fauquier County (Gigaland)", "state": "VA", "county": "Fauquier County", "lat": 38.71, "lng": -77.81, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2025-09-01", "status": "active", "company": "Gigaland", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "GigaLand withdrew its original datacenter application in Fauquier County, Virginia, after significant community opposition, but resubmitted a scaled-down proposal in early 2026 — reduced by 55% to 998,000 sq ft and 600 MW. The Board of Supervisors remains skeptical of the revised plan. Residents continue to organize against the project, citing concerns about rural character and environmental impacts.", "energy_mw": 800, "acreage": 202, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Fauquier", "Citizens for Fauquier County", "Piedmont Environmental Council" ], "opposition_website": "https://protectfauquier.com/", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "investment_usd": 3067000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Deny Gigaland 600MW data center permit in Fauquier County", "community_outcome": "mixed", "megawatts": 600, "investment_million_usd": 3067 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.fauquiernow.com/news/developer-withdraws-plans-for-catlett-station-data-center-project/article_29d5165e-4385-11ef-ad9e-db32dab80435.html", "https://www.fauquier.com/news/developer-withdraws-application-to-rezone-for-catlett-data-centers/article_d0b1a26e-436f-11ef-a9b2-d71f39f9e76e.html" ], "id": "fauquier-county-catlett-va-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Fauquier County (Catlett Station)", "state": "VA", "county": "Fauquier County", "lat": 38.63, "lng": -77.63, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2024-07-15", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Headwaters Site Development LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Headwaters Site Development LLC withdrew its rezoning application for a $400M, four-building data center on 67 acres at Catlett Road and Gaskins Lane in Fauquier County on July 15, three days before a scheduled Planning Commission hearing. The project required rezoning from industrial park to business park and faced intense organized opposition over noise, water resources, power demands, and environmental conservation. Part of a broader wave of data center resistance across northern Virginia's rural counties.", "acreage": 67, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Catlett", "Protect Fauquier", "Citizens for Fauquier County", "Piedmont Environmental Council" ], "opposition_website": "https://protectfauquier.com/", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Deny Headwaters Site Development data center on 67 acres in Fauquier County", "community_outcome": "win", "investment_million_usd": null }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://virginiamercury.com/briefs/goochland-nears-approval-of-rezoning-for-data-centers-power-plants/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2025/11/10/goochland-approves-tech-overlay-district-after-hours-of-resident-backlash/", "https://www.vpm.org/news/2025-11-10/goochland-county-data-centers-tech-district-lyle-vaughters-levet", "https://www.wric.com/news/local-news/goochland-county/technology-overlay-district-advances-narrowly/", "https://richmondbizsense.com/2026/02/19/following-goochlands-lead-new-kent-county-mulling-data-center-centric-tech-overlay-district/", "https://www.govtech.com/products/richmond-va-area-counties-split-on-data-centers" ], "id": "goochland-county-va-2025-08-01", "jurisdiction": "Goochland County", "state": "VA", "county": "Goochland County", "lat": 37.68, "lng": -77.91, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-08-01", "status": "approved", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "The Goochland County Board of Supervisors voted 4-1 on November 6, 2025 to approve the Technology Overlay District (TOD) and Technology Zone after a 6-hour meeting where 80+ residents spoke in opposition. The TOD stretches from I-64 about 5 miles down Route 288 to Patterson Ave, designed to attract data centers and energy-intensive projects. Critics argued the process lacked transparency, expanded beyond the original West Creek footprint, and placed industrial uses next to approved residential areas. In December 2025, four citizens outside the TOD boundaries filed a lawsuit in Goochland Circuit Court appealing the ordinance adoption. New Kent County is now mulling a similar tech overlay district following Goochland's lead.", "opposition_groups": [ "Goochland residents coalition", "Goochland County residents" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "acreage": 697, "building_sq_ft": 3900000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge Goochland County's technology overlay district approval enabling QTS Realty data center in court", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "QTS Realty attribution removed — QTS activity is in Henrico County, not Goochland", "added": "2026-04-21" }, { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified. The entry goochland-county-va-2025-08-01 (fights.json line ~26198) carries acreage=697 and building_sq_ft=3900000. Across multiple web searches and a direct fetch of Goochland ", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.nvdaily.com/nvdaily/frederick-county-quashes-two-data-center-proposals/article_1021d4f1-e8d2-5cd5-8b90-747884ff48c3.html", "https://www.winchesterstar.com/winchester_star/panel-delays-recommendation-on-data-center-campus/article_33681399-77cd-54f6-8c3f-ac56f279b8cc.html", "https://virginiabusiness.com/frederick-county-data-centers-fact-sheet/", "https://virginiaindependentnews.com/infrastructure/data-center-cancellations-pile-up-as-virginians-voice-opposition/" ], "id": "frederick-county-va-2025-07-01", "jurisdiction": "Frederick County", "state": "VA", "county": "Frederick County", "lat": 39.17, "lng": -78.27, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-06-25", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Tract Capital / Winchester Gateway LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "In June 2025, the Frederick County Board of Supervisors voted by consensus against moving forward with applications for two large data centers: the proposed 644-acre Meadow Brook Technology Park and 105-acre Winchester Gateway 2 (proposed by Winchester Gateway LLC) (749 acres). Over 100 people attended the meeting, most voicing fears over data centers ruining the county's rural landscape. Most supervisors felt too many unanswered questions surrounded the projects' potential effects. The dual rejection was part of a broader wave of Virginia data center cancellations — at least 25 projects were canceled in 2025, nearly four times as many as 2024.", "acreage": 749, "opposition_groups": [ "Frederick County residents" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Deny Winchester Gateway data center on 749 acres in Frederick County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://starexponent.com/news/local/government-politics/article_8b885a0e-0028-11f0-b743-138439fff6d3.html", "https://www.insidenova.com/culpeper/culpeper-town-council-secures-data-center-revenue-agreements-one-worth-millions/article_3cdde938-e054-453d-a266-9d4df9a28b61.html", "https://www.pecva.org/region/culpeper/culpeper-quarterly-update-culpeper-puts-guardrails-on-data-centers/", "https://virginiabusiness.com/culpeper-tech-zone-attracts-data-centers/" ], "id": "culpeper-town-va-2025-05-01", "jurisdiction": "Town of Culpeper", "state": "VA", "county": "Culpeper County", "lat": 38.47, "lng": -77.99, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-10-28", "status": "approved", "company": "STACK Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Town of Culpeper, Virginia, approved data center agreements with STACK Infrastructure in October 2025, including an electric service premise agreement and a minimum revenue agreement guaranteeing $1.5M per building per year for 15 years. The Coalition to Save Culpeper organized opposition citing lack of transparency, limited public disclosure, and concerns about the minimum revenue amount. Despite advocacy including Lobby Day in Richmond, the town moved forward with STACK's plans for Culpeper Technology Campus and Cooper Ridge data centers.", "opposition_groups": [ "Piedmont Environmental Council" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/pecva/", "opposition_facebook_members": 13754, "opposition_website": "https://www.pecva.org/", "opposition_instagram": "@piedmontenviron", "opposition_instagram_followers": 5825, "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "noise", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Organize coalition against STACK Infrastructure data center in Town of Culpeper", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.sovanow.com/articles/data-center-debates/", "https://www.sovanow.com/articles/data-center-expansion-request-put-on-hold-until-january/", "https://cardinalnews.org/2026/03/05/some-rural-legislators-worry-that-ending-tax-incentives-for-data-centers-would-also-end-rural-virginias-opportunity-to-cash-in/", "https://www.sovanow.com/articles/data-center-debates/" ], "id": "mecklenburg-county-va-2025-03-01", "jurisdiction": "Mecklenburg County", "state": "VA", "county": "Mecklenburg County", "lat": 36.68, "lng": -78.33, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-03-01", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Mecklenburg County Board of Supervisors voted in March 2025 to end by-right zoning for data centers, requiring all data center applications to undergo staff-level review, a public hearing, and a Planning Commission recommendation. This replaced the previous system where some data centers could be approved administratively. The county has benefited economically from data centers, including a Microsoft complex whose tax revenues helped build a new school, and has reduced residential property and car taxes. Environmental groups have targeted the spread of data center sites in the county.", "opposition_groups": [ "Friends of the Meherrin River", "Sierra Club Virginia Chapter" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause data centers in Mecklenburg County pending regulations", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.pecva.org/region/orange/orange-county-proposes-new-technology-zoning-district/", "https://byrdstreet.substack.com/p/orange-county-planning-commission", "https://www.battlefields.org/give/save-battlefields/dont-let-data-centers-destroy-wilderness" ], "id": "orange-county-va-2025-09-01", "jurisdiction": "Orange County", "state": "VA", "county": "Orange County", "lat": 38.25, "lng": -78.11, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-09-01", "status": "approved", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Orange County adopted new zoning regulations restricting data center development after community opposition. The county initially proposed a 'floating zone' approach that would allow rezoning of any land for data centers with no cap on total acreage — unique among Virginia jurisdictions. The Piedmont Environmental Council and residents demanded commonsense regulations including setback requirements, noise limits, and protections for schools, parks, and homes near proposed sites.", "opposition_groups": [ "Piedmont Environmental Council", "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition", "Orange County DC Information VA" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.pecva.org/region/orange/orange-county-residents-demand-commonsense-data-center-regulation/", "last_updated": "2026-03-23", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "environmental", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Adopt data center setback and noise-limit standards in Orange County", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://citizenportal.ai/articles/7011680/Fluvanna-County/Virginia/Fluvanna-supervisors-ask-planning-commission-for-clearer-plan-on-Technology-Zone-and-moratorium-options", "https://fluvannareview.com/2025/11/commission-backs-data-center-restrictions/", "https://citizenportal.ai/articles/7011680/Fluvanna-County/Virginia/Fluvanna-supervisors-ask-planning-commission-for-clearer-plan-on-Technology-Zone-and-moratorium-options" ], "id": "fluvanna-county-va-2025-07-01", "jurisdiction": "Fluvanna County", "state": "VA", "county": "Fluvanna County", "lat": 37.84, "lng": -78.28, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-11-19", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Fluvanna County, Virginia, enacted a moratorium on data center development while studying zoning changes to address proposals spreading from Louisa and Albemarle counties. The Planning Commission voted 5-0 to strip data centers of by-right status in I-1 and I-2 industrial zones, requiring special use permits and full public review. Speakers at the public hearing cited noise, water consumption, grid strain, truck traffic, and the minimal number of jobs data centers produce.", "opposition_groups": [ "Chesapeake Climate Action Network (CCAN)", "Piedmont Environmental Council" ], "opposition_website": "https://chesapeakeclimate.org/virginia/stop-tenaskas-fluvanna-gas-plant/", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "noise", "traffic", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause data centers in Fluvanna County pending regulations", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://wacobridge.org/2026/01/14/town-hall-questions-on-lake-whitney-data-center-echo-mclennan-county-debate/", "https://www.kwbu.org/news-from-across-texas/2026-01-14/lake-whitney-data-center-draws-scrutiny-over-water-use-taxes" ], "company": "CyrusOne", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "bosque-county-cyrusone-tx-2026-01-14", "jurisdiction": "Bosque County (Whitney)", "state": "TX", "county": "Bosque County", "lat": 31.9512, "lng": -97.3214, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-14", "status": "active", "summary": "CyrusOne expanding its Whitney/Bosque County data center campus with new buildings DFW17 ($375M, 88,875 sf, Oct 2025-Dec 2026), DFW17B ($500M, 249,090 sf), and DFW17C ($430M, 93,320 sf, Feb 2026-Apr 2027). Combined power agreement with Calpine adds 210MW on top of an earlier 190MW commitment, totaling 400MW — about half the plant's normal output. The first building was 'topped out' in early 2026. CyrusOne signaled phased capacity over several years. Lake Whitney area faces ongoing scrutiny over water use and tax breaks for the project.", "energy_mw": 400, "water_gallons_per_day": 1370, "petition_signatures": 5925, "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "opposition_groups": [ "Lake Whitney area residents" ], "acreage": 270, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "water", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Petition to block CyrusOne data center in Bosque County", "community_outcome": "pending", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/save-lake-whitney-stop-the-water-reallocation", "investment_million_usd": 1200 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://earthjustice.org/press/2024/granbury-residents-sue-local-bitcoin-mine-over-health-threatening-noise-pollution", "https://www.texastribune.org/2025/10/09/texas-hood-county-crypto-noise-incorporate-city/", "https://www.keranews.org/news/2025-10-30/hood-county-mitchell-bend-election-incorporate-bitcoin-mine-marathon", "https://earthjustice.org/press/2025/granbury-residents-demand-answers-from-maras-bitcoin-mine-as-lawsuit-over-noise-nuisance-continues" ], "company": "MARA Holdings (Marathon Digital)", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "granbury-hood-county-mara-tx-2024-10-04", "jurisdiction": "Granbury / Mitchell Bend", "state": "TX", "county": "Hood County", "lat": 32.44, "lng": -97.79, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2024-10-04", "status": "active", "summary": "Residents filed an Earthjustice-backed lawsuit against MARA Holdings in October 2024 alleging noise nuisance from the 24/7 bitcoin mining operation at Granbury / Mitchell Bend, Texas. In 2025, residents attempted to incorporate Mitchell Bend to gain regulatory power over the mine. MARA filed a 47-page federal complaint in October 2025 in the Northern District of Texas accusing Hood County and election officials of unconstitutional conduct, but Judge Reed O'Connor denied MARA's TRO request to block the Mitchell Bend incorporation election. Voters rejected incorporation 86-52 on November 5, 2025. The Earthjustice noise lawsuit remains active and ongoing into 2026.", "energy_mw": 300, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Concerned About Wolf Hollow", "Mitchell Bend residents", "Earthjustice" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/bitcoinoisehoodcounty/", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "noise", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge TIF financing for MARA Holdings data center", "community_outcome": "mixed", "investment_million_usd": 179, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Confirmed via PRIMARY source (MARA/Marathon IR press release detail/1335, also GlobeNewswire 2023-12-19 and news.bitcoin.com). The $178.6M (~$179M) is explicitly the COMBINED acquisition price for TWO", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.greenpeace.org/usa/riot-platforms-the-company-behind-the-most-energy-intensive-bitcoin-mine-in-the-u-s/", "https://www.nbcdfw.com/news/local/controversy-surrounds-worlds-largest-bitcoin-mining-operation-to-be-built-near-corsicana/3011474/", "https://prospect.org/2025/05/09/2025-05-09-crypto-racket-texas-bitcoin-mining/", "https://thenavcochronicle.com/riot-platforms-construction-continues-amid-scrutiny-2/", "https://www.dlnews.com/articles/people-culture/bitcoin-miners-megadeal-stumbles-as-texans-sour-on-industry/", "https://www.riotplatforms.com/riot-platforms-launches-formal-evaluation-of-potential-ai-hpc-uses-for-remaining-600-mw-of-power-capacity-at-corsicana-facility/" ], "company": "Riot Platforms", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "corsicana-riot-tx-2023-10-23", "jurisdiction": "Corsicana", "state": "TX", "county": "Navarro County", "lat": 32.09, "lng": -96.47, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2023-10-23", "status": "approved", "summary": "Riot Platforms operates a 400-MW bitcoin mining facility in Corsicana (Phase 1 of a planned 1 GW campus) using immersion-cooling technology. Riot now owns 858 acres after 2025 acquisitions. The facility needs ~1.5 million gallons of water/day — roughly an eighth of Corsicana's daily maximum. Riot is drilling wells into the Woodbine Aquifer. An electrician filed complaints to the SEC, Texas AG, and ERCOT alleging Riot is misclassifying its facility as a data center for tax exemptions and misusing public funds. A protest was held at the Navarro County facility. Riot is evaluating converting ~600 MW of remaining capacity to AI/HPC uses. Noise from cooling fans can reach 95 decibels (like standing next to a running motorcycle).", "energy_mw": 1000, "acreage": 858, "investment_usd": 214000000, "water_gallons_per_day": 1500000, "opposition_groups": [ "Concerned Citizens of Navarro County", "Texas Coalition Against Cryptomining", "Navarro County residents" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/concernedcitizensofnavarrocounty/", "petition_signatures": 850, "last_updated": "2026-03-24", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "noise", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "transparency", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Challenge Riot Platforms' 400MW bitcoin facility on 858 acres over noise, water, and tax exemption misuse in Corsicana", "community_outcome": "loss", "megawatts": 600, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 1500000, "investment_million_usd": 214 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.keranews.org/energy-environment/2026-01-13/hood-county-data-centers-comanche-circle", "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/02/10/texas-hood-county-rejects-data-center-development-pause-ai/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/sailfish-plans-multi-gigawatt-data-center-park-outside-dfw-texas/", "https://www.keranews.org/energy-environment/2026-02-10/hood-county-data-center-moratorium-fails", "https://www.cbsnews.com/texas/news/hood-county-residents-concerns-proposed-data-center/", "https://www.hcnews.com/stories/sailfish-developer-addresses-concerns-over-proposed-hood-county-data-center-campus,118344" ], "company": "Sailfish Digital Ventures", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "hood-county-tolar-sailfish-tx-2026-01-13", "jurisdiction": "Hood County (Tolar / Comanche Circle)", "state": "TX", "county": "Hood County", "lat": 32.38, "lng": -97.92, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-13", "status": "approved", "summary": "Sailfish Development's Comanche Circle project — 9 data center campuses on ~2,600 acres near Tolar (Hood County, TX) with up to 5GW capacity near Vistra's Comanche Peak nuclear plant — received conditional approval from Hood County commissioners on a 4-1 vote in January 2026 after ~2 hours of pushback. The court required Sailfish to provide a more detailed plan within 45 days addressing drainage, wastewater, landscape, and power generation. In February 2026, Hood County commissioners voted 3-2 against a moratorium on AI/crypto facilities after receiving a letter from Sen. Paul Bettencourt (R-Houston) warning that Texas counties have no constitutional or statutory authority to impose development moratoriums. The 2,100-acre site sits in a recharge zone for the Upper Trinity Aquifer and Paluxy River watershed (feeding Dinosaur Valley State Park). Could consume up to 1M gallons of water/day at full buildout. Construction expected to begin 2026; data centers operational by 2027.", "energy_mw": 5000, "acreage": 2600, "water_gallons_per_day": 1000000, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect The Paluxy Valley Inc" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/people/Protect-The-Paluxy-Valley-Inc/61584381221581/", "opposition_website": "https://www.protectpaluxy.com/", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Sailfish Digital Ventures data center over water in Hood County", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/02/26/sprigg-township-oh-passes-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/i-team/adams-county-data-center-could-be-one-of-ohios-biggest-power-guzzlers", "https://www.fox19.com/2026/02/19/manchester-residents-voice-concerns-over-potential-data-center-construction/", { "url": "https://www.statenews.org/section/the-ohio-newsroom/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success", "title": "" } ], "company": "68 Yards LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "sprigg-township-adams-county-oh-2026-02-26", "jurisdiction": "Sprigg Township (Adams County)", "state": "OH", "county": "Adams County", "lat": 38.704, "lng": -83.651, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-02", "status": "passed", "summary": "Sprigg Township, Ohio, trustees in Adams County passed a one-year voluntary moratorium on data centers on March 2, 2026, targeting a proposed facility at the former Stuart power plant site (1,016 acres). The data center, backed by 68 Yards LLC, would start at 100 MW in 2028 and scale to 1,300 MW by 2032 — 31 times Adams County's total current electricity consumption. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has already issued a federal permit for the project with conditions to protect endangered bats, mussels, and butterflies, and residents have launched petitions for a statewide constitutional ban on data centers.", "energy_mw": 1300, "opposition_groups": [ "Food & Water Watch" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "acreage": 1016, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Halt data centers in Sprigg Township after 68 Yards proposal", "community_outcome": "win", "megawatts": 1300, "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "Merged duplicate entry 'sprigg-township-oh-moratorium-2026' into this entry during validation (sources combined).", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.sciotopost.com/scioto-township-enacts-12-month-data-center-moratorium-amid-statewide-tech-surge/", "https://www.thetelegramnews.com/articles/scioto-township-residents-concerned-about-potential-data-center/", "https://www.axios.com/local/columbus/2026/03/04/ohio-data-center-boom-moratorium-laws", "https://www.statenews.org/section/the-ohio-newsroom/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "scioto-township-pickaway-oh-2026-03-06", "jurisdiction": "Scioto Township (Pickaway County)", "state": "OH", "county": "Pickaway County", "lat": 39.63, "lng": -82.98, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-06", "status": "passed", "summary": "Scioto Township trustees in Pickaway County enacted a 12-month moratorium on data center applications in March 2026, joining at least 15 Ohio communities resisting AI industry expansion. The township's existing zoning code contains little to no language addressing large data center facilities. Trustee Wolfe proposed shortening the pause to six months, but other trustees insisted the full year was needed to craft legally airtight regulations for the rapidly growing sector.", "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Pickaway Alliance", "Scioto Township residents (ad hoc)" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/people/Protect-Pickaway-Alliance/61583713468844/", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "anti_ai" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 12-month moratorium on data centers in Scioto Township while overhauling zoning code", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.wvxu.org/politics/2026-02-06/cincinnati-regulate-data-centers-zoning-code", "https://www.wvxu.org/politics/2026-03-06/planning-commission-data-center-regulations" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "cincinnati-oh-2026-02-06", "jurisdiction": "Cincinnati", "state": "OH", "county": "Hamilton County", "lat": 39.1, "lng": -84.51, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-06", "status": "passed", "summary": "Cincinnati, Ohio, City Council enacted an interim development control overlay after discovering data centers are currently interpreted as 'self storage' under existing zoning code, meaning they could be built across six zoning districts containing over 22,000 parcels. The Planning Commission voted unanimously to extend the overlay nine months through February 2027. Mayor Aftab Pureval warned that 'new data centers pose the risk of exacerbating' the city's 'rapidly rising energy costs.' The Department of Planning and Engagement will study peer city practices and develop permanent zoning amendments.", "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition Against Data Centers in South Ohio" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Create data center overlay zone in Cincinnati", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "opposition group is Butler County-focused, not Cincinnati-specific", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.limaohio.com/top-stories/2026/03/07/opponents-organize-to-fight-data-centers-permit/", "https://www.limaohio.com/top-stories/2026/03/16/google-officially-behind-data-center-project/", "https://www.limaohio.com/top-stories/2026/03/12/residents-voice-concerns-over-data-center-at-epa-hearing/" ], "company": "Google (via Bistrozzi LLC)", "hyperscaler": "Google", "id": "lima-allen-county-oh-2026-03-07", "jurisdiction": "Lima / Allen County", "state": "OH", "county": "Allen County", "lat": 40.74, "lng": -84.11, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-07", "status": "active", "summary": "In Lima / Allen County, Ohio, Google, operating through shell company Bistrozzi LLC, is behind a proposed $500 million data center on 200 acres in Lima/Allen County that would include 115 diesel generators emitting an estimated 236 tons per year of nitrogen oxides. Buckeye Environmental Network organized residents to challenge the project, and community members voiced concerns at an EPA public hearing about air quality impacts on the surrounding area. About 50 permanent jobs are promised.", "acreage": 200, "investment_usd": 500000000, "opposition_groups": [ "Buckeye Environmental Network" ], "opposition_website": "https://benohio.org/", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "investment_million_usd": 500, "jobs_promised": 50, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "transparency", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Google's 200-acre data center with 115 diesel generators emitting 236 tons/yr NOx in Lima / Allen County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.dextertownshipmi.gov/resolution-26-705-resolution-adopting-data-center-application-moratorium-2/", "https://bridgemi.com/michigan-environment-watch/at-least-19-michigan-towns-pause-data-centers-no-one-knows-if-itll-work/", "https://www.washtenaw.org/4635/Data-Centers", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/03/lawmakers-propose-michigan-data-center-moratorium/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "dexter-township-mi-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Dexter Township", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.37, "lng": -83.89, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "passed", "summary": "Dexter Township adopted a 180-day moratorium on data center applications via Resolution #26-705, joining at least 19 Michigan communities that have paused data center development. Residents and officials raised concerns about massive water and energy demands, potential cost increases for existing ratepayers, and industrialization of rural landscapes. The moratorium gives the township time to study impacts and draft appropriate zoning regulations.", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "water" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in Dexter Township", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_groups": [ "Dexter Township Residents" ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.fox17online.com/news/local-news/holland-zeeland/zeeland-township-approves-data-center-moratorium-as-solar-farm-debate-continues", "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-02-27/michigan-data-center-tracker-moratoria-legislation-and-grid-impact" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "zeeland-township-mi-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Zeeland Township", "state": "MI", "county": "Ottawa County", "lat": 42.81, "lng": -86.02, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "passed", "summary": "Zeeland Township's planning commission approved a one-year moratorium on data center applications in early 2026 while developing regulations for large-scale energy projects. The moratorium is part of Michigan's broader data center pushback, with at least 27 communities enacting temporary pauses. The township is simultaneously working on a renewable energy ordinance that must be finalized before any solar or data center permitting can begin.", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Pause data centers in Zeeland Township pending regulations", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_groups": [ "Economic Development Responsibility Alliance of Michigan" ], "opposition_website": "https://edraofmi.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/edraofmi", "opposition_facebook_members": 163 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.fox47news.com/neighborhoods/downtown-old-town-reo-town/tonight-lansing-city-council-expected-to-vote-on-proposed-120-million-deep-green-data-center-project", "https://michiganadvance.com/2026/04/06/deep-green-pulls-request-to-rezone-downtown-lansing-parcel-axing-data-center-proposal/", "https://www.wkar.org/michigans-data-center-divide/2026-04-06/proposed-data-center-wont-move-forward-in-lansing-as-deep-green-withdraws" ], "company": "Deep Green", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "lansing-deep-green-mi-2026-03-04", "jurisdiction": "Lansing", "state": "MI", "county": "Ingham County", "lat": 42.73, "lng": -84.56, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2026-04-06", "status": "cancelled", "summary": "Deep Green withdrew its $120M downtown Lansing data center application on April 6, 2026, hours before the City Council was scheduled to vote on selling and rezoning the land. CEO Mark Lee notified the mayor and council via email without explanation. The withdrawal followed months of community opposition over environmental impacts, lack of transparency about power sourcing, and whether a data center fit the downtown area. Previously, the planning commission had voted 5-2 to recommend rezoning. (Deep Green is UK-based.)", "energy_mw": 24, "opposition_groups": [ "Sunrise Spartans (MSU)" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "acreage": 2.5, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Block Deep Green rezoning of 2.7 acres in Lansing", "community_outcome": "win", "megawatts": 24 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://lancasteronline.com/news/regional/residents-push-back-against-proposed-6b-data-center-in-lancaster-city/article_640500c2-4f80-418f-a368-9d4596ecbfeb.html", "https://keystonenewsroom.com/2025/12/15/lancaster-residents-oppose-plans-for-new-ai-data-centers/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/coreweave-plans-6bn-data-center-in-lancaster-pennsylvania/" ], "company": "CoreWeave", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "lancaster-city-pa-2025-10-06", "jurisdiction": "Lancaster City", "state": "PA", "county": "Lancaster County", "lat": 40.04, "lng": -76.31, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-10-06", "status": "approved", "summary": "CoreWeave announced a $6 billion commitment to build an AI data center in Lancaster, converting former R.R. Donnelley/LSC Communications printing plants into a state-of-the-art facility co-developed with Chirisa Technology Parks and Machine Investment Group. Phase 1 (100 MW) is under construction with expected completion summer 2027; Phase 2 targets end of 2027 with potential expansion to 300 MW. Approximately 600 construction jobs and 70-175 permanent technical/operational roles are expected. Community concerns about noise, water use, and neighborhood impacts persist.", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "contract_guarantees", "noise", "water", "zoning", "anti_ai" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Require special exception permits for CoreWeave data center conversion of former R.R. Donnelly plants in Lancaster City", "community_outcome": "loss", "investment_million_usd": 6000, "opposition_groups": [ "Lancaster Residents Against Data Centers" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-06" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2025/11/18/hazle-township-pa-unanimously-rejects-data-center-campus/", "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2026-02-18/residents-raise-questions-as-developer-describes-hazle-twp-data-center-plans-at-dep-hearing", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/northpoint-proposes-15-building-1280-acre-data-center-campus-in-pennsylvania/" ], "company": "NorthPoint Development", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "hazle-township-pa-2025-11-18", "jurisdiction": "Hazle Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Luzerne County", "lat": 40.96, "lng": -75.99, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-11-18", "status": "defeated", "summary": "Hazle Township, Pennsylvania, Board of Supervisors unanimously rejected NorthPoint Development's 1,280-acre, 15-building 'Project Hazelnut' data center campus in Luzerne County after more than 200 residents packed the November 2025 meeting. The campus, planned in three phases in the Humboldt North Industrial Park near Amazon's nuclear data center, would have consumed electricity equivalent to 90,000 homes. Despite the local rejection, the developer continues pursuing state DEP permits with plans for the first five buildings to begin construction in Q4 2026.", "acreage": 1280, "opposition_groups": [ "Alliance to Stop the Line" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.alliancetostoptheline.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/alliancetostoptheline", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Deny NorthPoint Development data center on 1280 acres in Hazle Township", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 3700, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Confirmed. Independent verification supports flagging the summary's \"90,000 homes\" electricity-equivalent figure as unverified. The evidence_url (datacenterdynamics.com) is Cloudflare-blocked to both ", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.wnep.com/article/news/local/schuylkill-county/schuylkill-county-frackville-data-center-new-castle-krnl-zoning/523-1e14d019-77cd-4b00-ab8e-b4cbbbaeba93", "https://www.republicanherald.com/2025/09/10/frackville-residents-ask-new-castle-twp-officials-to-block-data-center/", "https://www.spotlightpa.org/news/2025/10/pennsylvania-data-centers-community-opposition-ai-development-environment/" ], "company": "KRNL Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "new-castle-township-pa-2025-09-10", "jurisdiction": "New Castle Township (Frackville area)", "state": "PA", "county": "Schuylkill County", "lat": 40.78, "lng": -76.23, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-09-10", "status": "active", "summary": "KRNL Data Centers, a New York City-based developer, proposed a five-building campus on ~100 acres of conservation-zoned forest in New Castle Township, Schuylkill County. 'Save Frackville' residents presented 81 letters of opposition, noting they would see none of the tax or economic benefits. Supervisors voted 3-0 to invalidate the zoning code portion permitting the project, delaying it 6 months for a rewrite. Part of a regional 'Gold Rush' of data center land purchases across northeast Pennsylvania.", "opposition_groups": [ "Save Frackville" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Restrict KRNL Data Centers data center via zoning in New Castle Township", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.alleghenyfront.org/pennsylvania-luzerne-dorrance-data-center-zoning/", "https://www.standardspeaker.com/2025/08/17/dorrance-twp-supervisors-look-at-blocking-data-centers-2/", "https://www.alleghenyfront.org/pennsylvania-luzern/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/municipal-leaders-debate-data-center-zoning-ordinance-in-dorrance-township-pennsylvania/", "https://www.timesleader.com/news/1737209/dorrance-twp-hearing-on-possible-data-center-continued-until-may" ], "company": "Brewster Land Company LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "dorrance-township-pa-2025-08-11", "jurisdiction": "Dorrance Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Luzerne County", "lat": 41.05, "lng": -76.04, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-08-11", "status": "active", "summary": "Dorrance Township adopted a zoning ordinance amendment on September 22, 2025, allowing data centers only in industrial zones. Brewster Land Company LLC owns a 155-acre parcel zoned B-2 business highway district and is challenging the ordinance, arguing it doesn't provide a clear path for data centers and effectively blocks development. The zoning hearing board began proceedings in October 2025. After multiple continuances, a hearing was scheduled for May 6, 2026 to determine whether the zoning ordinance unlawfully excluded data centers. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://www.timesleader.com/news/1741051/dorrance-twp-zoning-hearing-board-finds-ordinance-did-not-exclude-data-centers.]", "opposition_groups": [ "Alliance to Stop the Line" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.alliancetostoptheline.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/alliancetostoptheline", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Halt data centers in Dorrance Township after Brewster Land Company proposal", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_facebook_members": 3700 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2026/02/03/judge-tosses-settlement-between-clifton-twp-data-center-developer/", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2025/07/10/developer-looks-to-build-30-plus-data-centers-in-north-pocono/", "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2026-01-03/clifton-twp-supervisors-settle-with-data-center-developer-residents-promise-litigation" ], "company": "1778 Rich Pike LLC / Quantm Group", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "clifton-township-pa-2025-08-22", "jurisdiction": "Clifton Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Lackawanna County", "lat": 41.22, "lng": -75.53, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-08-22", "status": "active", "summary": "In Pennsylvania, 1778 Rich Pike LLC/Quantm Group filed an exclusionary zoning challenge for 'Project Gold,' a 1,000-acre, 34-building, 1.5GW data center campus ($14.25B) between Clifton and Covington townships along Route 380 in Lackawanna County. Clifton Township supervisors unanimously approved a settlement scaling back the campus but allowing buildings to exceed zoning height limits. A judge vacated the settlement in January 2026 for excluding the zoning hearing board. Residents promise continued litigation.", "investment_usd": 14250000000, "acreage": 1000, "opposition_groups": [ "Concerned Clifton Citizens" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/people/Concerned-Clifton-Citizens/61573264090890/", "opposition_website": "https://nodatacenter.net/", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Legal challenge to Quantm Group's $14.25B, 1,000-acre, 34-building data center campus in Clifton Township", "community_outcome": "pending", "investment_million_usd": 14250, "opposition_facebook_members": 373 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.timesleader.com/news/1731917/data-center-zoning-amendment-proposed-for-20-luzerne-county-covered-municipalities", "https://www.citizensvoice.com/2026/03/12/luzerne-county-continues-work-on-zoning-plan-for-data-centers/", "https://www.wnep.com/article/news/local/luzerne-county/luzerne-county-drafts-zoning-rules-to-manage-potential-data-center-influx-northeastern-central-pennsylvania/523-ca8c448a-ce59-4dd4-aa94-ed206182a395", "https://www.timesleader.com/news/1735244/officials-still-revising-proposed-data-center-zoning-ordinance-covering-19-luzerne-county-municipalities" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "luzerne-county-zoning-pa-2026-02-02", "jurisdiction": "Luzerne County (county-wide)", "state": "PA", "county": "Luzerne County", "lat": 41.17, "lng": -75.9, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-02", "status": "pending", "summary": "Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, proposed a zoning amendment covering 20 municipalities that rely on county zoning. Defines three data center tiers — Hyperscale (100,000+ sq ft, up to 200 MW), Major (100,000-499,999 sq ft), and Edge (under 99,000 sq ft). Originally mandated 500-foot setbacks, later revised to 2,000 feet for hyperscale/major centers and 1,000 feet for edge facilities. County GIS, Planning, and Zoning Department aims to resolve remaining issues by April 9, 2026.", "opposition_groups": [ "Alliance to Stop the Line" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.alliancetostoptheline.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/alliancetostoptheline", "petition_signatures": 1100, "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 500-foot data center setbacks in Luzerne County", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_facebook_members": 3700 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.fox43.com/article/news/local/york-county/east-manchester-township-approves-two-new-data-center-ordinances-community-tech-york-county/521-de93d1bf-7139-4092-b5fc-2c61bd715273", "https://emanchestertwp.com/overview-of-data-centers-rezoning-public-comments/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "east-manchester-township-pa-2025-10-14", "jurisdiction": "East Manchester Township", "state": "PA", "county": "York County", "lat": 40.01, "lng": -76.73, "action_type": [ "ordinance" ], "date": "2025-10-14", "status": "passed", "summary": "East Manchester Township approved two ordinances: one regulating siting, design, construction, and operation of data centers; another establishing a data center overlay district near Gravel Hill and Saginaw Road. Requires 55-foot height limit, 500-foot setback, and sound studies. Passed despite opposition from neighbors concerned about wildlife and environmental harm.", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Pause data center zoning after public opposition in East Manchester", "community_outcome": "mixed", "opposition_groups": [ "East Manchester Township Residents Against Data Centers" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://radio.wpsu.org/2026-04-15/pa-state-house-passes-two-measures-on-data-center-regulation", "https://www.wesa.fm/politics-government/2026-04-14/state-house-data-center-regulations", "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/04/13/pa-house-passes-model-ordinance-to-speed-data-center-development/", "https://www.wfmz.com/news/area/pennsylvania/pa-house-passes-bills-to-increase-oversight-of-data-centers-protect-local-communities/article_8b5e7016-095e-4619-a287-916e35ae2662.html", "https://www.cityandstatepa.com/policy/2026/03/pa-house-committee-advances-data-center-bills/411812/", "https://www.wesa.fm/politics-government/2026-03-09/lawmakers-bill-data-center-construction", "https://www.fox43.com/article/news/local/pa-house-energy-committee-advance-two-bills-regulating-data-centers-politics-dauphin-county/521-7f7c709e-92dd-4eda-84ff-3c169b0d647f" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "pa-hb-2150-pa-2026-03-09", "jurisdiction": "Pennsylvania (HB 2150)", "state": "PA", "county": "Dauphin County", "lat": 40.27, "lng": -76.88, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-09", "status": "active", "summary": "Pennsylvania HB 2150 (sponsored by Rep. Kyle Mullins, D-Lackawanna) passed the PA House of Representatives 133-68 on April 14, 2026. The bill requires data centers to file annual reports with the Department of Environmental Protection on water and electricity use, with a $10,000-per-day penalty for non-compliance. Companion bill HB 2151 (model zoning ordinance) passed the same day 124-77. Both bills now head to the Republican-controlled state Senate, where prospects are uncertain.", "bill_name": "HB 2150 - Data Center Energy and Water Reporting Act", "bill_url": "https://www.palegis.us/legislation/bills/2025/hb2150", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require annual data center energy and water consumption reports to PA DEP via HB 2151", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Kyle Mullins (D-PA)" ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.tapinto.net/towns/east-windsor-hightstown/sections/government/articles/east-windsor-council-votes-down-redevelopment-plan-after-rambunctious-residents-raise-questions-about-data-center-component", "https://www.tapinto.net/towns/east-windsor-hightstown/sections/government/articles/a-packed-planning-board-hearing-debated-the-future-of-an-east-windsor-data-center-expansion", "https://www.tapinto.net/towns/east-windsor-hightstown/sections/business-and-finance/articles/economic-boost-or-energy-zapper-the-data-center-discussion-comes-to-east-windsor", "https://www.tapinto.net/towns/east-windsor-hightstown/sections/government/articles/east-windsor-council-postpones-votes-on-redevelopment-plans-involving-potential-data-center-light-manufacturing" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "east-windsor-nj-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "East Windsor", "state": "NJ", "county": "Mercer County", "lat": 40.27, "lng": -74.53, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-11-25", "status": "cancelled", "summary": "East Windsor, New Jersey, Council voted down a redevelopment plan after a standing-room-only meeting where residents from the Twin Rivers community raised questions about a data center component, warning of grid strain and environmental risks. The debate reflected broader concerns about data centers dominating load growth in the PJM region, where data center demand contributed to $9.3 billion of the $14.7 billion increase in capacity market clearing prices.", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Deny data center permit in East Windsor", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_groups": [ "Twin Rivers Community Residents" ], "flags": [ { "type": "url_unverifiable", "note": "could not directly confirm vote date in accessible sources", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.sierraclub.org/new-jersey/blog/2026/02/key-legislation-ensure-data-center-transparency-and-energy-affordability", "https://newjerseymonitor.com/2026/02/13/committees-approve-bill-aimed-at-data-centers-power-usage/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/new-jersey-general-assembly-proposes-bill-to-apply-special-rate-for-large-load-data-centers/", { "url": "https://policylab.rutgers.edu/april-27-2026-new-jersey-state-policy-updates/", "title": "Rutgers NJ state policy updates" } ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "nj-s3379-nj-2026-02-12", "jurisdiction": "New Jersey (S3379)", "state": "NJ", "county": "Mercer County", "lat": 40.22, "lng": -74.76, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-12", "status": "pending", "summary": "New Jersey S3379, sponsored by Sen. Ruiz, requires data center operators to submit semi-annual water and energy usage reports to the Board of Public Utilities for three years, covering total energy consumption, water sources (potable vs. reclaimed), on-site power supplies, and IT equipment usage. Data centers receiving state incentives must additionally report power usage effectiveness and sustainability indicators. Senate Environment and Energy Committee reported favorably 3-1-1; engrossed and sent to Assembly on March 23, 2026. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: S3379 has advanced beyond committee (Assembly passage reported ~March 24, awaiting Gov. Sherrill per some sources, which slightly conflate it with A796); still in play in the NJ 2026-27 session.", "bill_name": "S3379 - Data Center Water and Energy Reporting", "bill_url": "https://legiscan.com/NJ/bill/S3379/2026", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require semi-annual data center water and energy reports (S3379)", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. M. Teresa Ruiz (D-NJ)", "Sen. Raj Mukherji (D-NJ)" ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://ccanactionfund.org/frederick-county-residents-gather-an-impressive-21029-valid-signatures-to-put-controversial-data-center-expansion-project-on-the-ballot/", "https://www.wypr.org/wypr-news/2026-03-12/frederick-county-group-wants-voters-to-decide-data-center-limits" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "frederick-county-referendum-md-2026-01-26", "jurisdiction": "Frederick County (Referendum Effort)", "state": "MD", "county": "Frederick County", "lat": 39.41, "lng": -77.41, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-26", "status": "approved", "summary": "Frederick County Board of Elections verified 21,029 valid signatures (exceeding the 15,611 required) for a referendum on Ordinance 26-01-001, which would expand the Eastalco data center complex by ~1,000 acres. The bipartisan referendum effort will go to voters in November 2026. The Frederick County Data Center Referendum Committee organized petition drives across the county.", "opposition_groups": [ "Frederick County Data Center Referendum Committee", "CCAN Action Fund" ], "opposition_website": "https://fcdcreferendum.org/", "petition_signatures": 21029, "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "petition_url": "https://fcdcreferendum.org/", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "voters", "objective": "Put data center decision to public vote in Frederick County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://marylandmatters.org/2026/03/04/bge-pause-underground-transmission-ferguson/", "https://www.thebanner.com/politics-power/state-government/bge-maryland-data-center-exelon-ONPTWQJLCVFURA45AYA2L4MRMI/", "https://marylandmatters.org/2026/01/03/data-center-regulations-2026/", "https://www.baltimoresun.com/2026/02/06/baltimore-county-data-center/", { "url": "https://marylandmatters.org/2026/04/14/energy-bill-passage-utility-relief-act/", "title": "MD Utility RELIEF Act passage" } ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "baltimore-city-tif-ban-md-2026-03-01", "jurisdiction": "Baltimore City (Baltimore Peninsula TIF ban)", "state": "MD", "county": "Baltimore City", "lat": 39.26, "lng": -76.6, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-01", "status": "died", "summary": "Senate President Bill Ferguson introduced legislation banning data center construction on land benefiting from tax increment financing (TIF) in Baltimore City, Maryland, targeting Baltimore Peninsula. Also requires PSC oversight of transmission line projects. BGE subsequently paused its $537M South Baltimore transmission upgrade. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: The standalone Baltimore Peninsula TIF data-center ban did not pass before MD sine die Apr 13; related ratepayer/PSC-oversight goals were partly folded into the omnibus Utility RELIEF Act (HB 1532, signed).", "bill_name": "Ferguson Data Center TIF Ban", "bill_url": "https://marylandmatters.org/2026/03/02/ferguson-embry-power-line-psc-bills/", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Ban data center construction on TIF-funded land and require PSC oversight of transmission projects in Baltimore City", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.gpb.org/news/2026/02/03/the-promise-of-quintupled-tax-revenue-the-city-of-forsyth-approves-data-center", "https://www.ajc.com/politics/2026/01/how-data-centers-are-rattling-a-georgia-senate-special-election/", "https://www.13wmaz.com/article/news/local/forsyth-monroe/forsyth-pz-tables-key-vote-on-1600-acre-data-center-proposed/93-d2adb2f1-5fbd-47ec-95af-d4b1f4c26044", "https://georgiarecorder.com/2026/01/06/data-center-gold-rush-pits-local-officials-hunt-for-new-revenue-against-residents-concerns/" ], "company": "Trammell Crow Company", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "forsyth-monroe-county-ga-2026-02-03", "jurisdiction": "Forsyth (Monroe County)", "state": "GA", "county": "Monroe County", "lat": 33.03, "lng": -83.94, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-03", "status": "approved", "summary": "Forsyth City Council voted 5-1 to approve Trammell Crow Company's proposed $21 billion, 12M sq ft, 21-building data center on 1,632 acres despite overwhelming public opposition. Planning & Zoning split 3-3. Projected $224M annual tax revenue. Water usage 1.5M gal/day. The issue defined a Georgia Senate special election as residents mobilized to hold officials accountable at the ballot box.", "investment_usd": 8000000000, "acreage": 1632, "water_gallons_per_day": 1500000, "opposition_groups": [ "Save High Falls Lake", "High Falls Towaliga Watershed Alliance" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/savehighfallslake/", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/protect-high-falls-lake-the-towaliga-watershed-from-data-center-industrial-development", "petition_signatures": 14442, "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Voters reject officials who approved 12M sq ft, 21-building data center on 1,632 acres in Forsyth", "community_outcome": "loss", "investment_million_usd": 21000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 1500000, "building_sq_ft": 12000000, "project_name": "Forsyth Technology Campus", "opposition_website": "https://www.change.org/p/protect-high-falls-lake-the-towaliga-watershed-from-data-center-industrial-development" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.fox5atlanta.com/news/backlash-over-proposed-data-center-near-adairsville", "https://www.daily-tribune.com/news/springbank-data-center-application-withdrawn/article_4038268b-78d8-5d26-9e10-2bf514aac3a3.html" ], "company": "Atlas Development LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "adairsville-bartow-county-ga-2025-04-28", "jurisdiction": "Adairsville area (Bartow County)", "state": "GA", "county": "Bartow County", "lat": 34.37, "lng": -84.93, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-04-28", "status": "cancelled", "summary": "In Adairsville area, Georgia, Atlas Development sought to rezone 588 acres from agricultural for a $4.5 billion, six-building, 2.27M sq ft data center campus called 'Project Springbank' near Adairsville (proposed by Atlas Development LLC). A 'Stop the Data Center' campaign gathered over 2,660 petition signatures, with dozens of signs lining Barnsley Gardens Road. The Bartow County Planning Commission voted 6-1 to recommend denial on April 28, 2025, and Atlas officially withdrew the rezoning application on May 13 before the county commissioner's meeting.", "acreage": 588, "petition_signatures": 2660, "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_groups": [ "Stop the Data Center in Bartow County" ], "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "developer", "objective": "Block Atlas Development data center through opposition in Adairsville area", "community_outcome": "win", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/halt-proposed-land-use-change-from-agriculture-to-business-park-in-bartow-county" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/23012026/this-small-alabama-town-was-part-of-the-manhattan-project-now-it-may-host-a-hyperscale-data-center/", "https://abc3340.com/news/local/not-a-done-deal-childersburg-faces-questions-over-potential-data-center-talladega-industrial-park" ], "company": "WHP Development", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "childersburg-talladega-al-2026-01-27", "jurisdiction": "Childersburg", "state": "AL", "county": "Talladega County", "lat": 33.28, "lng": -86.36, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-23", "status": "pending", "summary": "Childersburg / Talladega County, AL — only a zoning amendment passed on January 23, 2026. No property has been sold and no final project approval has occurred.", "investment_usd": 6000000000, "energy_mw": 500, "acreage": 486, "opposition_groups": [ "NAACP", "Southern Environmental Law Center" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose WHP Development data center over water in Childersburg", "community_outcome": "loss", "megawatts": 500, "investment_million_usd": 6000 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://economicaccountability.org/2025/12/29/mississippi-data-center-project-named-2025s-worst-economic-development-deal-of-the-year-by-the-center-for-economic-accountability/", "https://mississippitoday.org/2025/01/09/meridian-data-center-mississippi-compass-tate-reeves/", "https://msindy.org/p/mississippis-data-center-boom-and" ], "company": "Compass Datacenters", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "meridian-lauderdale-ms-2025-12-29", "jurisdiction": "Meridian (Lauderdale County)", "state": "MS", "county": "Lauderdale County", "lat": 32.36, "lng": -88.7, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-29", "status": "approved", "summary": "Compass Datacenters' $10 billion hyperscale campus in Meridian was named '2025 Worst Economic Development Deal of the Year' by the Center for Economic Accountability. The Texas-based firm received a decade of state sales, use, corporate income, and franchise tax exemptions plus a 66% local property tax break for 30 years, yet many details remain hidden behind state secrecy -- even a county supervisor reported receiving no firm fiscal projections 10 months after groundbreaking. At full 500MW capacity on 303 acres, Mississippi Power delayed coal plant closure to supply the campus, which will house eight single-tenant data centers.", "investment_usd": 10000000000, "energy_mw": 500, "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "acreage": 303, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "tax_incentive", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose tax incentives for Compass Datacenters in Meridian", "community_outcome": "loss", "megawatts": 500, "investment_million_usd": 10000, "opposition_groups": [ "Center for Economic Accountability" ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://flaglerlive.com/data-center-planned/", "https://flaglerlive.com/dc-blox-landing-station/" ], "company": "DC BLOX", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "palm-coast-flagler-fl-2025-07-10", "jurisdiction": "Palm Coast / Flagler Beach", "state": "FL", "county": "Flagler County", "lat": 29.59, "lng": -81.21, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-07-10", "status": "approved", "summary": "DC Blox is building a scaled-down 10 MW data center in Palm Coast (Flagler County, FL) Town Center, kept under 40,000 sq ft to bypass public planning board reviews. Construction on the project ('Project Orchid') is likely to begin at end of 2026, operational by 2028. The facility serves as an undersea cable landing station via Flagler Beach. Google announced Sol, the only in-service fiber-optic cable between Florida (Flagler Beach) and Europe (Spain), connecting at the DC Blox Cable Landing Station. The project operated under state confidentiality law for two years before FlaglerLive obtained construction documents through repeated FOIA requests. Florida Project Tango (separate, S Florida) is also moving forward despite backlash, and Florida SB 484 aims to protect Floridians from data center costs.", "acreage": 34, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose DC BLOX subsea cable landing station and data center connecting up to 8 undersea cables for Google in Palm Coast", "community_outcome": "loss", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Google not a tenant of the Palm Coast DC BLOX data center — Google only via 'Sol' transatlantic cable routing through a separate DC BLOX landing station. The data center itself has no named hyperscaler", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.wusf.org/politics-issues/2026-02-25/florida-house-advances-rules-massive-data-centers", "https://www.hklaw.com/en/insights/publications/2026/02/proposed-florida-legislation-creates-new-regulatory-framework", "https://floridaphoenix.com/2026/03/11/florida-house-weakens-transparency-requirement-in-data-center-bill-sends-to-senate/", "https://www.flhouse.gov/Sections/Bills/billsdetail.aspx?BillId=83648" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "florida-hb-1007-fl-2026-02-25", "jurisdiction": "Florida (HB 1007)", "state": "FL", "county": "Leon County", "lat": 30.44, "lng": -84.28, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-25", "status": "defeated", "summary": "Florida HB 1007 (2026) regulates data center siting and operations by: (1) limiting the use of non-disclosure agreements in local permitting; (2) directing the Public Service Commission to set cost-allocation tariffs so data center loads do not shift costs onto residential ratepayers; and (3) requiring state water-use permits for large data center withdrawals. The bill does not ban data centers from agricultural zoning or impose 500-foot setbacks. [Validation 2026-06-21: outcome -> 'win' per https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2026/1007.]", "bill_name": "HB 1007 - Hyperscale Data Centers", "bill_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2026/1007", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "farmland", "tax_incentive", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Ban data centers from agricultural zones with 500-foot setbacks", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Philip Griffitts (R-FL)" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/legislation-introduced-to-end-data-center-tax-breaks-in-maryland-and-arizona/", "https://www.axios.com/local/phoenix/2026/01/14/arizona-data-center-tax-break-repeal", { "url": "https://azmirror.com/2026/05/04/arizonas-gop-budget-tax-breaks-for-data-centers-and-roth-iras-cuts-for-the-people-who-need-food/", "title": "AZ GOP budget data center tax breaks" }, { "url": "https://azgovernor.gov/office-arizona-governor/news/2026/05/governor-katie-hobbs-vetoes-partisan-budget-would-force-chaotic", "title": "Gov. Hobbs vetoes partisan budget" } ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "arizona-sb-1463-az-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Arizona (SB 1463 tax repeal)", "state": "AZ", "county": "Maricopa County", "lat": 33.45, "lng": -112.07, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "dead", "summary": "Arizona SB 1463 (Sen. Priya Sundareshan, D - Senate Minority Leader) would repeal the state's transaction privilege and use tax exemption for qualifying large data centers. Gov. Katie Hobbs called for the repeal in her January 2026 State of the State address — despite having voted for the original tax break as a state senator in 2013. Hobbs's plan also proposes a penny-a-gallon fee on data center water use. Rep. Neal Carter (R-San Tan Valley) sponsored a House companion to sunset the exemption. The Department of Revenue estimates the incentives cost the state ~$38M/year. A two-thirds supermajority is required to repeal a tax incentive, making passage difficult despite some bipartisan support. Gov. Hobbs called for repeal in her State of the State address and proposed a penny-per-gallon fee on data center water use ($6.5M/year for water conservation). The exemption costs $38.5M/year (up from $1.4M in 2020, projected to reach $60M+ by FY2027). VERIFIED 2026-05-26: SB 1463 (repeal data center tax exemption) failed to advance; the GOP legislature kept the breaks in its budget, which Gov. Hobbs vetoed in May partly over data center breaks. Repeal needed a 2/3 supermajority that never materialized.", "bill_name": "SB 1463 - Data Center Tax Incentive Repeal", "bill_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/legtext/57leg/2R/bills/SB1463P.htm", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Repeal Arizona data center tax exemption program via SB 1463", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Priya Sundareshan (D-AZ)" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/TN/bill/SB2653/2025", "https://legiscan.com/TN/bill/SB2653/2025?guid=7fXFKUPCzg3Wa5n0NNu0xW", "https://www.wsmv.com/2026/03/16/tn-legislators-considering-bill-that-would-require-local-government-approval-data-mining-facilities/", "https://servercountry.org/policy/tennessee/", { "url": "https://wapp.capitol.tn.gov/apps/BillInfo/Default?BillNumber=SB2653&ga=114", "title": "TN SB2653 bill status" } ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "tennessee-sb-2653-tn-2026-02-02", "jurisdiction": "Tennessee (SB 2653 impact review act)", "state": "TN", "county": "Davidson County", "lat": 36.17, "lng": -86.78, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-02", "status": "died-sine-die", "summary": "SB2653 creates the Tennessee Data Center Impact Review Act, establishing a formal review process for data center impacts on communities, environment, and infrastructure. The bill amends multiple Tennessee Code sections across eight titles and was introduced February 2, 2026 with companion bill HB2392. It was deferred in the Senate Commerce and Labor Committee to March 17, 2026, while HB2392 was placed on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Subcommittee calendar for March 18. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: SB 2653 (Impact Review Act) stalled in Senate Commerce & Labor; TN adjourned Apr 23, 2026 with only the industry-friendly self-generation bill passing.", "bill_name": "SB 2653 - Data Center Impact Review Act", "bill_url": "https://wapp.capitol.tn.gov/apps/BillInfo/Default?BillNumber=SB2653&GA=114", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Create Tennessee Data Center Impact Review Act (SB 2653)", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Brent Taylor (R-TN)" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://wisconsinexaminer.com/2026/01/21/assembly-passes-gop-bill-to-regulate-data-centers-in-wisconsin/", "https://rejournals.com/wisconsins-data-center-reckoning-four-bills-no-resolution-and-a-policy-vacuum/", "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/related/proposals/ab840.pdf", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/wisconsin-state-assembly-passes-bill-creating-new-rate-class-for-data-centers/", "https://dailyreporter.com/2026/01/23/data-center-bill-clears-wisconsin-assembly-with-opposition/", "https://www.wispolitics.com/2026/rep-duchow-republicans-deliver-accountability-and-transparency-for-data-center-projects/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "wisconsin-ab-840-wi-2026-01-09", "jurisdiction": "Wisconsin (AB 840 / SB 843 GOP regulation)", "state": "WI", "county": "Dane County", "lat": 43.07, "lng": -89.4, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-09", "status": "defeated", "summary": "Wisconsin AB 840 / SB 843 (Rep. Shannon Zimmerman R-River Falls, Sen. Romaine Quinn R-Birchwood) — a GOP-led data center bill — passed the Assembly in January 2026 by a 53-44 mostly party-line vote (2 Democrats yes, 1 Republican no). The bill would have prevented data center operators from passing energy costs onto residential consumers, required them to pay for their own generation/transmission infrastructure, mandated closed-loop water systems, required annual water use reporting, and required reclamation bonds. However, the Wisconsin Senate adjourned without taking up AB-840 — or any data center regulation bill — on the floor. Democrats and several construction unions opposed the bill due to lack of prevailing wage requirements and concerns over energy consumption. The competing Democratic Data Center Accountability Act (SB 729/AB 722) by Sen. Habush Sinykin and Rep. Stroud, requiring 70% renewable sourcing and a new very-large-customer rate class, was heard in the Senate Utilities Committee on Feb 17, 2026 but never advanced.", "bill_name": "AB 840 / SB 843", "bill_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/proposals/ab840", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Shield residential ratepayers from data center costs in WI", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Shannon Zimmerman (R-WI)", "Sen. Romaine Quinn (R-WI)" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://wisconsinexaminer.com/2026/02/18/non-disclosure-agreements-energy-costs-focus-of-data-center-hearing/", "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2026/02/18/wi-senate-debates-competing-data-center-bills/", "https://wisconsinrivers.org/data-center-bills/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "wisconsin-sb-729-wi-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Wisconsin (SB 729 / AB 722 Dem regulation)", "state": "WI", "county": "Dane County", "lat": 43.07, "lng": -89.4, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "dead", "summary": "Wisconsin SB 729 / AB 722, the Data Center Accountability Act, authored by Sen. Jodi Habush Sinykin (D-Whitefish Bay) and Rep. Angela Stroud (D-Ashland), would have required data centers to source at least 70% of electricity from renewables to qualify for state tax exemptions, created a 'very large customers' rate class with rate cases every 2 years, required prevailing wages, and required water/energy transparency. SB 729 was introduced Dec 2, 2025 (with ~12 senate cosponsors and ~25 House cosponsors) and received a Senate Utilities Committee hearing Feb 17, 2026. AB 722 (the Assembly companion) was introduced Dec 3, 2025. Both bills failed to pass pursuant to Senate Joint Resolution 1 on March 23, 2026, leaving Wisconsin without statewide data center regulation.", "bill_name": "SB 729 / AB 722", "bill_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/proposals/sb729", "last_updated": "2026-04-20", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "contract_guarantees", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Tie data center tax breaks to prevailing wage requirements", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Jodi Habush Sinykin (D-WI)", "Rep. Angela Stroud (D-WI)" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.ibj.com/articles/that-1-incentive-to-encourage-data-center-approvals-final-deal-watered-it-down", "https://www.wfyi.org/news/articles/data-center-legislation-indiana-general-assembly-2026" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "indiana-hb-1210-in-2026-01-27", "jurisdiction": "Indiana (HB 1210 community payments)", "state": "IN", "county": "Marion County", "lat": 39.77, "lng": -86.16, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-27", "status": "passed", "summary": "Indiana HB 1210 was signed into law March 12, 2026 by Gov. Braun. The data center incentive provision was drastically watered down in private meetings between legislators and data center lobbyists. What was pitched as 1% of electricity costs (potentially $5M/year for a large facility) was cut to at most 1/14th of that — 'not more than' one penny per dollar of the 7% sales tax exemption, capping payments at ~$350K/year instead of the original $5M minimum. The final deal essentially gutted community benefit payments while preserving the industry's tax breaks.", "bill_name": "HB 1210", "bill_url": "https://iga.in.gov/legislative/2026/bills/house/1210", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Require data centers to pay 1% of tax savings locally", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Craig Snow (R-IN)" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://ohiohouse.gov/news/republican/ohio-house-passes-bill-establishing-the-ohio-data-center-study-commission-142643", "https://ohiocapitaljournal.com/2026/03/20/ohio-house-approves-data-center-study-group-delays-vote-on-overriding-tax-exemption/", "https://signalohio.org/ohio-house-panel-advances-bill-to-study-data-center-regulation-as-local-backlash-grows/", { "url": "https://www.statenews.org/government-politics/2026-06-09/ohio-legislators-introduce-could-advance-data-center-bill-in-48-hours", "title": "Ohio lawmakers introduce, may advance data center bill within 48 hours | The Statehouse News Bureau" }, { "url": "https://www.wtap.com/2026/06/11/ohio-senate-advances-data-center-regulation-bill/", "title": "Ohio Senate advances data center regulation bill" }, { "url": "https://www.omlohio.org/CivicAlerts.aspx?AID=40", "title": "Legislative Package on Data Centers Stalls, But More Work to Be Done — Ohio Municipal League" } ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "ohio-hb-646-oh-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Ohio (HB 646 study commission)", "state": "OH", "county": "Franklin County", "lat": 39.96, "lng": -82.99, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-06-11", "status": "delayed", "summary": "Ohio House passed HB 646 on March 18, 2026, creating a 13-member Data Center Study Commission to examine impacts on environment, electrical grid, consumer utility rates, farmland, local economy, noise, and light pollution. Report due within 6 months. Now heads to Ohio Senate. The House also delayed a vote on overriding the data center tax exemption. [Update 2026-06-22: Ohio HB 646 — originally a slim bill the House passed March 18, 2026 to create a Data Center Study Commission — was transformed by the Senate into a ~50-page comprehensive regulatory package. The House informally passed the amended version June 10 and the Senate informally passed it June 11, 2026, but it then STALLED before the Statehouse summer break...]", "bill_name": "HB 646 (Data Center Study Commission)", "bill_url": "https://www.legislature.ohio.gov/legislation/136/hb646", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland", "grid_energy", "noise", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Mandate data center water disclosure via HB 646", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Gary Click (R-OH)", "Rep. Kellie Deeter (R-OH)" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Ohioans for Responsible Development" ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.kltv.com/2026/02/10/judge-denies-major-motion-city-sulphur-springs-data-center-lawsuits/", "https://heatmap.news/plus/the-fight/spotlight/sulphur-springs-data-center-msb-global-vistra" ], "company": "MSB Global", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "sulphur-springs-tx-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Sulphur Springs", "state": "TX", "county": "Hopkins County", "lat": 33.14, "lng": -95.6, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "active", "summary": "A Hopkins County District Court judge issued a temporary injunction against power system construction at the Sulphur Springs AI data center site, preserving 5,000 acres at the heart of a lawsuit. Vistra Corp./Luminant Mining, former landowners, argue the city breached deed restrictions prohibiting energy production/storage on the land. The judge denied the city's motion to dismiss. The Texas AG sided with the city, but construction remains halted pending resolution.", "investment_usd": 18700000000, "energy_mw": 3000, "acreage": 1677, "opposition_groups": [ "Sulphur Springs residents", "Vistra / Luminant" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "petition_signatures": 3000, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "anti_ai" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Sue over concealment in MSB Global approval process", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.kcbd.com/2026/01/16/lubbock-data-center-proposal-heads-city-council-after-planning-commission-rejection/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/936-acre-data-center-could-come-to-lubbock-texas/" ], "company": "Texas Solar Works", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "lubbock-tx-2026-01-08", "jurisdiction": "Lubbock", "state": "TX", "county": "Lubbock County", "lat": 33.58, "lng": -101.86, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-01-08", "status": "cancelled", "summary": "Planning and Zoning Commission voted 4-3 to reject a 936-acre hyperscale AI data center zoning change from Low Density Single Family to General Industrial, requested by Hugo Reed and Associates on behalf of Texas Solar Works. The site is off Northeast Loop 289, and the facility would require significant power from ERCOT lines, solar, and gas. About 10 north and east Lubbock residents objected to the project, citing environmental burdens on neighborhoods already surrounded by industrial neighbors. The developer withdrew and plans to revise the proposal to better align with community feedback.", "acreage": 936, "opposition_groups": [ "Lubbock Compact" ], "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "zoning", "anti_ai" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Deny Texas Solar Works data center on 936 acres in Lubbock", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.swunion.org/blog/data-center-rebellion-convening-2026", "https://deceleration.news/critical-texas-data-center-fights-happening-right-now/", "https://www.ksat.com/news/local/2026/03/07/san-antonio-city-council-looks-to-zoning-to-manage-data-center-growth/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "san-antonio-tx-2026-03-05", "jurisdiction": "San Antonio", "state": "TX", "county": "Bexar County", "lat": 29.42, "lng": -98.49, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-05", "status": "pending", "summary": "San Antonio City Council is pursuing zoning code amendments to regulate data center growth. The Southwest Workers Union organized a 'Data Center Rebellion Convening' where over 60 organizers from across Texas gathered for two days to share tactics in fighting data centers. Organizers from San Marcos (successfully blocked a $1.5B DC), Taylor, and Tucson shared strategies. The convening reflects a growing coordinated grassroots movement across Texas. Mayor Gina Ortiz Jones supports expedited regulation.", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "grid_energy", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Adopt data center zoning standards in San Antonio", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_groups": [ "San Antonio Residents Concerned About Data Centers" ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://news4sanantonio.com/news/local/wilson-county-residents-fight-proposed-ai-data-center", "https://spectrumlocalnews.com/tx/austin/news/2025/11/24/rural-residents-water-concerns-as-data-center-quietly-moves-in", "https://www.wilsoncountynews.com/articles/misae-founder-aims-to-alleviate-data-center-project-concerns/", "https://foxsanantonio.com/newsletter-daily/wilson-county-residents-fight-proposed-ai-data-center", "https://www.wilsoncountynews.com/articles/wilson-county-residents-protect-our-water/", "https://www.wilsoncountynews.com/articles/resident-rural-life-threatened-by-data-center/" ], "company": "Misae Investments", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "wilson-county-tx-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Wilson County", "state": "TX", "county": "Wilson County", "lat": 29.17, "lng": -97.79, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "active", "summary": "Misae Investments' Mojo Ranch project proposes a renewable energy and data infrastructure hub on 2,742 acres near Stockdale, including utility-scale solar, battery energy storage, and AI data centers. Site work with tree clearing has already begun. Commercial operation is targeted for June 2028. A new group, Protect Wilson County Water, formed in February 2026 with nearly 150 residents attending a meeting to discuss water use, air emissions, and lack of transparency. Developer Miguel Oneto cited Wilson County's grid interconnection potential and 'welcoming community.'", "energy_mw": 519, "acreage": 2742, "water_gallons_per_day": 2000000, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Wilson County Water", "Stockdale area residents" ], "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "investment_usd": 6000000000, "petition_signatures": 1385, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "transparency", "water", "anti_ai" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Petition to block Misae Investments data center in Wilson County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://communityimpact.com/austin/bastrop-cedar-creek/development/2025/08/01/data-center-slated-for-construction-in-cedar-creek/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/edgeconnex-acquires-180-acre-parcel-near-its-own-data-center-project-in-bastrop-texas/" ], "company": "EdgeConneX", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "bastrop-county-tx-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Bastrop County (Cedar Creek)", "state": "TX", "county": "Bastrop County", "lat": 30.1054, "lng": -97.4141, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "active", "summary": "$1.4 billion data center campus in Cedar Creek (Bastrop County, TX) at FM 535 and Wolf Lane. First building of 4 (578,000 sq ft, $440M) targeted for June 2026 completion. Project DFW33220N total: 2.8M sq ft over 5-8 years. As of late March 2026, EdgeConneX announced plans for a SECOND data center campus in Bastrop County on a 180-acre property at 6682 FM 535 in Cedar Creek. Bastrop County hired PFM Group Consulting in March 2026 ($109K not-to-exceed) to analyze the long-term impact on the county's tax base. Residents continue to weigh impacts. Correction: Rackspace attribution removed as unsupported; acreage figure was conflated and is set to null.", "investment_usd": 1400000000, "opposition_groups": [ "Cedar Creek area residents" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "acreage": null, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "noise", "tax_incentive", "traffic" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose EdgeConneX's $440M, 2.8M sq ft data center campus with 10-year tax abatement in Bastrop County", "community_outcome": "pending", "investment_million_usd": 1400 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.wzzm13.com/article/news/local/cascade-township-board-unanimously-approves-6-month-moratorium-data-center-approvals/69-77ed781c-e14a-4390-b8e4-cbe0234416a7", "https://www.fox17online.com/news/local-news/east-grand-rapids-forest-hills-cascade/cascade-township-pauses-data-center-development-for-six-months" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "cascade-township-mi-2026-02-26", "jurisdiction": "Cascade Township", "state": "MI", "county": "Kent County", "lat": 42.91, "lng": -85.52, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-26", "status": "passed", "summary": "Cascade Township Board voted unanimously on February 26, 2026 for a 6-month moratorium on data center permits, with an option for a 6-month extension. The action was preemptive — no data center proposal was pending — as a growing conversation about data center development spread across West Michigan. The board created a subcommittee to lead fact-finding on data center impacts and study zoning amendments, amid concerns the township lacked specific protections against large-scale data center facilities.", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 6-month data centers moratorium in Cascade Township", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_groups": [ "Economic Development Responsibility Alliance of Michigan" ], "opposition_website": "https://edraofmi.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/edraofmi", "opposition_facebook_members": 163 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/01/07/microsoft-behind-controversial-data-center-in-michigan-township.html", "https://www.crainsgrandrapids.com/news/economic-development/microsoft-faces-the-public-as-it-pursues-two-grand-rapids-area-data-center-projects/", "https://www.woodtv.com/news/kent-county/gaines-township-planning-commission-to-hold-hearing-on-data-center-rezoning/" ], "company": "Microsoft", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "id": "gaines-township-mi-2026-03-03", "jurisdiction": "Gaines Charter Township", "state": "MI", "county": "Kent County", "lat": 42.87, "lng": -85.6, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-03", "status": "cancelled", "summary": "In Gaines Charter Township, Michigan, Microsoft seeking to rezone 316 acres (purchased from Steelcase for $45.3M) for data center. Dec 2025 hearing canceled when 250+ overflowed venue. Microsoft terminated NDAs with Gaines and 3 other West MI communities in March 2026. Planning Commission hearing expected April. A petition gathered 829 signatures. Key concerns driving this action include community impacts. The community successfully achieved its objective.", "acreage": 356, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-microsoft-data-center-in-gaines-township", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "investment_usd": 1000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Block Microsoft rezoning of 356 acres in Gaines Charter", "community_outcome": "win", "petition_signatures": 829, "opposition_groups": [ "Gaines Township residents (ad hoc)", "Michigan Economic Development Responsibility Alliance" ], "investment_million_usd": 1000, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Confirmed. The $500M-$1B investment figure attaches to Microsoft's SEPARATE Lowell Charter Township project (237-acre Covenant Business Park parcel near I-96), per CNBC, DCD, and iHeart/WOOD Radio cov", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://floridaphoenix.com/2026/01/29/youth-climate-change-activists-redirect-their-focus-to-opposing-ai-data-centers/", "https://floridaphoenix.com/2026/03/13/florida-senate-half-heartedly-agrees-to-final-ok-for-weakened-data-center-bill/", "https://www.clickorlando.com/news/florida/2026/03/24/heres-what-to-know-after-gov-desantis-signed-floridas-newest-law/", "https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2026/1007", "https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2026/484", "https://www.hklaw.com/en/insights/publications/2026/02/proposed-florida-legislation-creates-new-regulatory-framework", "https://www.theinvadingsea.com/2026/03/13/data-centers-florida-legislature-sb-484-desantis-ai-non-disclosure-agreements-psc-utilities/", "https://www.wlrn.org/government-politics/2026-02-27/ai-data-center-regulation-bill-passes-florida-senate", "https://www.wusf.org/politics-issues/2026-02-26/florida-senate-unanimously-passes-restrictions-large-scale-data-centers" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "florida-sb-484-fl-2026-02-26", "jurisdiction": "Florida (SB 484 data center regulation)", "state": "FL", "county": "Leon County", "lat": 30.44, "lng": -84.28, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-26", "status": "passed", "summary": "In Florida, SB 484 would establish a regulatory framework for hyperscale data centers. Requires PSC to ensure data centers pay their own utility costs. Prohibits certain NDAs. Preserves local government land use authority. Passed both chambers March 13, 2026 in weakened form; signed by Governor DeSantis, effective July 1, 2026. Major provisions include separate utility rate class and transparency requirements. Governor DeSantis signed SB 484 on May 7, 2026. Effective July 1, 2026.", "bill_name": "CS/CS/SB 484 - Data Centers", "bill_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2026/484", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "ratepayer", "transparency", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Ban data center development NDAs via SB 484", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Bryan Avila (R-FL)" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Youth Action Fund" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.youthactionfund.org/", "opposition_twitter": "https://x.com/youthactionfund" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.ajc.com/news/business/5b-data-center-campus-spanning-300-plus-acres-pitched-east-of-atlanta/GPRU6WB6INAELEGM3A3N7SMW6Y/", "https://www.covnews.com/news/cities/city-covington-enacts-moratorium-moves-reject-two-annexation-requests/", "https://www.covnews.com/news/county/newton-county-enacts-moratoriums-data-centers-convenience-stores/", "https://www.rockdalenewtoncitizen.com/news/newton-county-puts-moratorium-on-data-center-applications/article_9dec6ba2-6c6c-408f-afbd-d10a63f09add.html", "https://www.wsbtv.com/news/local/newton-county/data-center-gas-station-store-moratoriums-extended-metro-atlanta-community/L3ABWDQG5FBIFBE4HZ6HOZZWME/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "newton-county-moratorium-ga-2026-01-20", "jurisdiction": "Newton County (moratorium)", "state": "GA", "county": "Newton County", "lat": 33.56, "lng": -83.86, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-01-20", "status": "passed", "summary": "In Newton County, Georgia, Board of Commissioners unanimously enacted 30-day moratorium on data center applications. Existing ordinance limits DCs to Stanton Springs overlay, but development creeping into incorporated areas. Moratorium extended through April 8, 2026 (originally 30 days). Staff reviewing development ordinances. Data centers have crept into incorporated areas like Covington, Social Circle, and Porterdale through city annexation.", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 30-day data centers moratorium in Newton County", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter" ], "acreage": 317, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/StantonSpringsDataCenter/", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Meta's Stanton Springs campus is nearby but cited sources don't explicitly name Meta for the 2026 moratorium context", "added": "2026-04-21" }, { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Meta': no primary source explicitly names the tenant for this project.", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "scope": "federal", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/03/10/elon-musk-xai-permit-for-mississippi-plant-despite-pollution-concerns.html", "https://naacp.org/articles/naacp-demands-mississippi-regulators-reschedule-data-center-permit-hearing", "https://mississippitoday.org/2026/03/10/xai-permit-approved-southaven/", "https://naacp.org/articles/naacp-and-advocacy-groups-appeal-air-permit-xais-personal-power-plant-north-mississippi", "https://mississippitoday.org/2026/04/10/xai-southaven-permit-appeal/", "https://www.selc.org/press-release/mississippi-regulators-rubber-stamp-air-permit-for-xai-power-plant-ignoring-overwhelming-public-pushback/", "https://www.mississippifreepress.org/xai-faces-fierce-opposition-over-southaven-mississippi-power-plant-permit/", "https://mississippitoday.org/2026/02/18/xai-southaven-permit-public-resounding-no/", "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/02/13/musks-xai-faces-threat-of-naacp-lawsuit-over-pollution-in-mississippi.html", "https://www.wlbt.com/2026/03/11/mdeq-approves-air-permit-xai-data-center-southaven-amid-community-opposition/", "https://www.usnews.com/news/top-news/articles/2026-02-17/mississippi-holds-hearing-on-xai-data-center-amid-environmental-lawsuit-threat", "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/03/09/mississippi-regulators-to-hold-xai-permit-meeting-on-election-day.html", "https://dailymemphian.com/article/60703", "https://www.selc.org/press-release/groups-appeal-air-permit-for-xais-personal-power-plant-in-north-mississippi/" ], "company": "xAI / MZX Tech LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "southaven-xai-permit-ms-2026-03-10", "jurisdiction": "Southaven (xAI air permit approval)", "state": "MS", "county": "DeSoto County", "lat": 34.97, "lng": -89.98, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-03-10", "status": "approved", "summary": "MDEQ Permit Board granted air permit for 41 gas turbines powering xAI's Colossus 2 on March 10, 2026, despite 300+ opponents at the February hearing and zero public support. 27 turbines were already operating without permits. On April 9, 2026, the Southern Environmental Law Center filed an appeal on behalf of NAACP, Young Gifted & Green, and Safe and Sound Coalition challenging the permit. The appeal argues the permit fails to show pollution won't harm air quality, underestimates emissions, doesn't require offsets, and ignores xAI's existing operation of unpermitted turbines. The facility would be the largest industrial NOx source in the 11-county Memphis metro area. On April 10, 2026, Mississippi Today reported additional details of the SELC appeal filed April 9 on behalf of NAACP, Young Gifted & Green, and the Safe and Sound Coalition. Feb 17, 2026 MDEQ public hearing (no speakers in favor) preceded this March 10 permit grant.", "energy_mw": 2000, "acreage": 105, "opposition_groups": [ "Safe and Sound Coalition", "NAACP", "Young Gifted & Green", "Southern Environmental Law Center" ], "opposition_website": "https://safeandsound.info", "petition_signatures": 900, "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "investment_usd": 20000000000, "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "transparency", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "Rally against xAI / MZX Tech data center in Southaven", "community_outcome": "loss", "investment_million_usd": 20000, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified. petition_signatures=900 has petition_url=null and NO cited source in the entry's source list states a 900-signature petition. The cited evidence_url (mississippitoday.org/2026/", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/consumer-groups-alarmed-as-louisiana-psc-declines-to-take-up-probe-into-meta-risky-financing-deal", "https://lailluminator.com/2026/02/27/no-investigation-of-data-center-ownership-transfer/", "https://www.nola.com/news/environment/meta-data-center-louisiana-ai-entergy/article_4c0c0e8c-bf32-4a3c-8021-ae739a0ba912.html", "https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/louisiana-regulators-asked-to-investigate-shady-meta-financing-deal-that-could-leave-households-paying-for-tech-giants-electricity", "https://earthjustice.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/u-37425-motion-to-investigate-meta-hyperion-data-center-project.pdf", "https://www.all4energy.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/2026-01-14-U-37425-AAE-UCS-Mtn-for-Investigation.pdf", "https://www.rtoinsider.com/123510-earthjustice-change-louisiana-meta-data-center-funding-fishy/", "https://ieefa.org/resources/ieefa-submits-testimony-louisiana-public-service-commission", "https://www.ucs.org/about/news/louisiana-wont-investigate-risky-meta-data-center-financing", "https://finance.yahoo.com/news/louisiana-utility-regulator-denies-request-190254705.html" ], "company": "Meta", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "id": "louisiana-psc-meta-financing-la-2026-02-27", "jurisdiction": "Louisiana (PSC Meta financing investigation)", "state": "LA", "county": "East Baton Rouge Parish", "lat": 30.45, "lng": -91.19, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation" ], "date": "2026-02-25", "status": "approved", "summary": "On February 25, 2026 the Louisiana Public Service Commission voted 4-1 (Commissioner Davante Lewis dissenting) declining to investigate Meta's $27 billion financing arrangement with Blue Owl Capital, in which a bankruptcy-remote SPV (Beignet Investor LLC) owns 80% of the Hyperion data center while Meta retains 20% with a 4-year walkaway right against 30-year gas-plant lifespans. Earthjustice (on behalf of Alliance for Affordable Energy and Union of Concerned Scientists) filed the original motion to investigate on January 14, 2026 in LPSC Docket U-37425, with IEEFA testimony estimating ratepayers could be on the hook for hundreds of millions to billions in stranded-asset costs. UCS warned Louisianans could subsidize 'billions of dollars' of Big Tech AI infrastructure costs.", "investment_usd": 27000000000, "bill_name": "LPSC Meta/Blue Owl Financing Investigation", "bill_url": "https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/consumer-groups-alarmed-as-louisiana-psc-declines-to-take-up-probe-into-meta-risky-financing-deal", "energy_mw": 2000, "acreage": 2250, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Investigate Meta sale of data center stake to protect ratepayers", "community_outcome": "loss", "investment_million_usd": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Alliance for Affordable Energy", "Earthjustice", "Union of Concerned Scientists" ], "sponsors": [ "Earthjustice" ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.opportunitylouisiana.gov/news/hut-8-selects-southeast-louisiana-as-site-of-10-billion-artificial-intelligence-data-center", "https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/news/business/hut8-funds-west-feliciana-water-improvements/article_25863a2c-70ff-459c-8c39-420f748130f9.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/hut-8-plans-12bn-ai-data-center-in-west-feliciana-parish-louisiana/" ], "company": "Hut 8", "hyperscaler": null, "id": "west-feliciana-hut8-la-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "West Feliciana Parish", "state": "LA", "county": "West Feliciana Parish", "lat": 30.83, "lng": -91.42, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "approved", "summary": "Hut 8's $10B River Bend AI data center campus in West Feliciana Parish received zoning approval from the Parish Planning and Zoning Commission (611 acres). Phase I: a 245 MW facility leased to Fluidstack for $7B over 15 years, with Fluidstack holding a right of first offer for up to 1,000 MW additional capacity. Hut 8 secured 330 MW initial utility power from Entergy Louisiana. Construction is underway with operations expected Q2 2027. The deal could net the parish $90M annually.", "investment_usd": 10000000000, "energy_mw": 245, "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "acreage": 611, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Hut 8's $10B River Bend AI data center campus with 245MW Phase I in West Feliciana", "community_outcome": "loss", "megawatts": 245, "investment_million_usd": 10000 }, { "scope": "federal", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/6984", "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/6984/text", "https://menendez.house.gov/media/press-releases/-menendez-casar-introduce-groundbreaking-legislation-to-protect-americans-from-financial-and-environmental-impacts-of-ai-data-centers", "https://www.warren.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/warren-hawley-lead-bipartisan-push-for-mandatory-energy-use-reporting-requirements-for-data-centers", "https://techcrunch.com/2026/03/26/data-centers-get-ready-the-senate-wants-to-see-your-power-bills/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "federal-hr-6984-us-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Federal (HR 6984 Data Center Transparency Act)", "state": "DC", "county": "District of Columbia", "lat": 38.91, "lng": -77.04, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-08", "status": "pending", "summary": "HR 6984, the Data Center Transparency Act, was introduced January 8, 2026 by Rep. Robert Menendez (NJ) and Rep. Greg Casar (TX), referred to House Energy and Commerce Committee. Requires EPA to submit quarterly reports to Congress on data center water and energy use (including reuse, pollution discharge, impacts on local water supplies); requires the EIA to collect total energy consumption data every 6 months for each U.S. data center and report to Congress. Introduced alongside the PRICE (Preventing Rate Inflation in Consumer Energy) Act. As of early 2026, bill remains in committee but transparency-focused legislation faces less industry opposition than substantive regulation.", "bill_name": "H.R. 6984 - Data Center Transparency Act", "bill_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/6984", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Require EPA quarterly water reporting and EIA biannual energy reporting from all US data centers", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Rob Menendez (D-NJ)", "Rep. Greg Casar (D-TX)", "Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-MA)", "Sen. Josh Hawley (R-MO)" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/73559", "https://www.gpb.org/news/2026/01/28/resistance-data-centers-fuels-flood-of-georgia-bills-targeting-the-industry", "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/2/20/state-data-center-legislation-in-2026-tackles-energy-and-tax-issues" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "georgia-hb-559-ga-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Georgia (HB 559 tax exemption sunset)", "state": "GA", "county": "Fulton County", "lat": 33.75, "lng": -84.39, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "dead", "summary": "Georgia HB 559 would accelerate the sunset date for the state's data center sales and use tax exemption program, ending tax breaks for new data centers by 2026 rather than the originally scheduled later date. The bill is part of a wave of Georgia legislation targeting data center incentives in the 2026 session, alongside SB 410 (which passed the Senate to repeal exemptions entirely) and HB 1063 (which passed the House 159-5 requiring data centers to pay infrastructure costs). Per Inside Climate News (April 9, 2026), all data center ratepayer protection bills failed in the 2026 Georgia session; the tax exemption is set to remain in place until 2032.", "bill_name": "HB 559 - Data Center Equipment Tax Exemption Sunset", "bill_url": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/70171", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Accelerate Georgia data center tax exemption sunset to 2026", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. John Carson (R-GA)" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/73808", "https://www.13wmaz.com/article/news/local/forsyth-monroe/georgias-data-center-boom-could-be-coming-for-your-electric-bill-new-law/93-cd660002-ab1b-4117-8c1d-62ddb5362c18", "https://www.ajc.com/business/2026/03/georgia-senate-votes-to-claw-back-data-center-tax-breaks/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "georgia-sb-408-ga-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Georgia (SB 408 tax exemption sunset)", "state": "GA", "county": "Fulton County", "lat": 33.75, "lng": -84.39, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "dead", "summary": "SB 408, sponsored by Sen. Nan Orrock (D-Atlanta), would move the sunset date for Georgia's data center sales and use tax exemption from January 1, 2032 to January 1, 2027, effectively ending the incentive five years early. It is one of several bills introduced in the 2025-26 session targeting the exemption, including SB 410 (immediate repeal) and HB 559 (sunset December 31, 2026). A state audit found the exemption has cost Georgia significant revenue while creating relatively few jobs per dollar of tax benefit. Per Inside Climate News (April 9, 2026), SB 408 did not reach a vote in the Senate; the exemption remains until 2032.", "bill_name": "SB 408 - Data Center Tax Exemption Sunset", "bill_url": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/70803", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Accelerate data center tax exemption sunset (HB 559)", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Nan Orrock (D-GA)" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://legislature.idaho.gov/sessioninfo/2026/legislation/H0820/", "https://boisedev.com/news/2026/02/09/bipartisan-bill-would-limit-tax-exemptions-for-data-centers-add-new-requirements-for-water-power-usage/", "https://idahofreedom.org/house-bill-820-tax-exemptions-data-centers/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "idaho-h-820-id-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Idaho (H 820 tax exemption reform)", "state": "ID", "county": "Ada County", "lat": 43.62, "lng": -116.2, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "passed", "summary": "In Idaho, H 820 would revise data center sales tax and property tax exemptions. Requires qualifying businesses to receive electricity under rate schedules that fully recover all utility costs. Mandates written notice to local water providers and Department of Water Resources detailing anticipated water consumption needs.", "bill_name": "H 820 - Data Center Tax Exemption Reform", "bill_url": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/sessioninfo/2026/legislation/H0820/", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Revise data center tax exemptions while requiring utility cost recovery and water disclosure in ID", "community_outcome": "mixed", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Lori Den Hartog (R-ID)", "Rep. Chris Bruce (R-ID)" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://legislature.idaho.gov/sessioninfo/2026/legislation/H0756/", "https://legislature.idaho.gov/sessioninfo/2026/legislation/H0756/", "https://idahofreedom.org/house-bill-756-electric-new-large-loads/", { "url": "https://idahoconservation.org/icl-bill-tracker/electricity-new-large-loads", "title": "Idaho Conservation League large-loads tracker" }, { "url": "https://legiscan.com/ID/bill/H0911/2026", "title": "Idaho HB 911" } ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "idaho-hb-756-id-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Idaho (HB 756 no-harm test)", "state": "ID", "county": "Ada County", "lat": 43.62, "lng": -116.2, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "superseded", "summary": "Idaho HB 756 (Rep. Stephanie Mickelsen R-Idaho Falls), introduced February 2026, would prohibit the Idaho PUC from approving any new customer requiring 20+ MW of electricity from the state's three regulated power companies without a 'no harm' test proving it would not require raising rates for other customers. The test analyzes grid reliability impacts, infrastructure needs, and risks. The bill raises the large-load threshold from 10 MW to 20 MW and exempts longstanding high-power consumers (existing customers with >50 MW demand as of Jan 1, 2000, like Micron Technology). HB 756 received House State Affairs Committee approval to be introduced in late February but had not yet been scheduled for a public hearing as of late February 2026. A separate bill on data center water consumption has also advanced. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: HB 756 stalled in House State Affairs, but its \"no-harm test\" policy for new large loads was enacted into law via successor HB 911 (House 65-3, Senate 34-1, signed).", "bill_name": "HB 756 - Data Center Regulation", "bill_url": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/sessioninfo/2026/legislation/H0756/", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Create data center tax incentive program in ID", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "House State Affairs Committee" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2026/1517", "https://www.hklaw.com/en/insights/publications/2026/02/proposed-florida-legislation-creates-new-regulatory-framework", "https://floridapolitics.com/archives/774983-senate-panel-advances-new-data-center-rules-as-critics-warn-of-local-problems-regulatory-red-tape/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "florida-hb-1517-fl-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Florida (HB 1517 transparency act)", "state": "FL", "county": "Leon County", "lat": 30.44, "lng": -84.28, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "defeated", "summary": "Florida SB 1517, 'Approval of Data Center Facilities,' sponsored by Rep. Joseph, required developers to disclose projected energy, water, carbon emissions, noise, and environmental impacts at application stage, with the Department of Environmental Protection publishing the data publicly. The bill was filed January 9, 2026 and referred to the Economic Infrastructure Subcommittee, State Affairs, and Commerce committees, but died in the Economic Infrastructure Subcommittee on March 13, 2026.", "bill_name": "HB 1517 - Florida Data Center Transparency Act", "bill_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2026/1517", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require data center developers to disclose projected energy, water, emissions, and noise impacts at application stage in FL", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Dotie Joseph (D-FL)" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.statenews.org/government-politics/2026-03-05/ohio-gop-leaders-plan-override-of-dewines-veto-restoring-data-center-tax-break", "https://ofbf.org/2026/03/18/ohio-farm-bureau-action-alert-repeal-the-data-center-tax-break/", "https://signalcleveland.org/ohio-republicans-teeing-up-override-of-dewine-veto-protecting-data-center-tax-break/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "ohio-veto-override-oh-2026-03-01", "jurisdiction": "Ohio (tax exemption veto override effort)", "state": "OH", "county": "Franklin County", "lat": 39.96, "lng": -82.99, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-01", "status": "active", "summary": "Ohio Republican legislative leaders are pushing to override Governor DeWine's veto that repealed data center sales tax exemptions. The proposed override via HB 96 would restore the tax break that DeWine eliminated. The Ohio Farm Bureau issued an action alert urging members to challenge the override, arguing data centers should not receive preferential tax treatment while consuming vast amounts of farmland, water, and electricity. Ohioans for Responsible Development organized opposition to the override effort. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'loss' per https://ana-ohio.org/june-9-2026-legislative-update/.]", "bill_name": "HB 96 Veto Override", "bill_url": "https://www.legislature.ohio.gov/legislation/136/hb96", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "tax_incentive", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Repeal data center tax exemptions via HB 96", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Brian Stewart (R-OH)" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Ohioans for Responsible Development" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/NJ/text/S731/id/3312992", "https://www.sierraclub.org/new-jersey/blog/2026/02/key-legislation-ensure-data-center-transparency-and-energy-affordability", { "url": "https://whyy.org/articles/new-jersey-general-assembly-data-center-grid-upgrades-cost-legislation/", "title": "NJ Assembly data center grid-upgrade cost bill" } ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "nj-s731-large-load-tariff-nj-2026-02-12", "jurisdiction": "New Jersey (S731/A796 Large Load Tariff)", "state": "NJ", "county": "Mercer County", "lat": 40.22, "lng": -74.77, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-12", "status": "pending", "summary": "In New Jersey, S 731 was reintroduced after a Murphy pocket veto. Requires utilities to develop tariff for data centers using 100+ MW monthly. New large load customers must post financial guarantees for 85% of requested service for 10+ years. Reported from Senate Committee with amendments. Key concerns driving this action include ratepayer cost concerns. The outcome remains pending. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: Companion A796 passed the Assembly 55-18 (~March 23, 2026); S731 reported from committee, awaiting Senate concurrence + Gov. Sherrill.", "bill_name": "S731 / A796 - Large Load Data Center Tariff", "bill_url": "https://legiscan.com/NJ/text/S731/id/3312992", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Reintroduce large-load data center tariff after Murphy veto (S731)", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. John Burzichelli (D-NJ)", "Sen. John McKeon (D-NJ)" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/26022026/new-jersey-data-center-tax-break/", "https://re-nj.com/coreweave-begins-1-8-billion-data-center-project-in-kenilworth-landing-first-award-under-new-eda-tax-credit-program/" ], "company": "CoreWeave", "hyperscaler": "CoreWeave", "id": "kenilworth-coreweave-nj-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Kenilworth (CoreWeave $250M tax break)", "state": "NJ", "county": "Union County", "lat": 40.68, "lng": -74.29, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "approved", "summary": "CoreWeave received the first award under New Jersey's Next New Jersey AI program: a $250M tax credit ($50M/year for 5 years) for a nearly $1.8B, 250MW facility at the former Merck campus in Kenilworth, purchased for $322 million in 2024 (27 acres). Critics note the program lacks the community benefits agreement requirements mandated by older NJ incentive programs like Aspire and Emerge for projects over $10M. NJ Policy Perspective questioned why the state needs to subsidize a fast-growing AI industry with hundreds of billions in capital investment.", "investment_usd": 1800000000, "energy_mw": 250, "acreage": 27, "last_updated": "2026-03-14", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Oppose tax incentives for CoreWeave in Kenilworth", "community_outcome": "loss", "megawatts": 250, "investment_million_usd": 1800 }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/MD/bill/HB1411/2026", "https://natureforward.org/data-center-bills-for-mdga2026/", "https://conduitstreet.mdcounties.org/2026/03/11/data-center-planning-and-development-must-recognize-local-authority-and-infrastructure-realities/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "maryland-hb-1411-md-2026-03-10", "jurisdiction": "Maryland (HB 1411 transparency act)", "state": "MD", "county": "Anne Arundel County", "lat": 38.98, "lng": -76.49, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-10", "status": "dead", "summary": "In Maryland, HB 1411 would require large-scale data center operators to report environmental and resource impacts publicly. Mandates jurisdictions with 10,000+ residents create formal data center management plans by 2027. Includes $1,000/MW payment into EmPOWER program for low-income assistance. HB 1411 did not pass the 2026 Maryland session (sine die April 13, 2026). The community's stated objective was to mandate public environmental reporting from data centers (HB 1411).", "bill_name": "HB 1411 - Data Center Planning and Transparency Act", "bill_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Legislation/Details/hb1411?ys=2026RS", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Mandate public environmental reporting from data centers (HB 1411)", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Del. Sheila Ruth (D-MD)" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-06" }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/2026RS/bills/hb/hb1595f.pdf", "https://natureforward.org/data-center-bills-for-mdga2026/", { "url": "https://afro.com/maryland-general-assembly-2026-wrap/", "title": "Maryland General Assembly 2026 wrap-up" } ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "maryland-hb-1595-sb-427-md-2026-02-15", "jurisdiction": "Maryland (HB 1595/SB 427 property tax authority)", "state": "MD", "county": "Anne Arundel County", "lat": 38.98, "lng": -76.49, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-15", "status": "died", "summary": "Maryland HB1595 authorizes Baltimore City and county governing bodies to establish a special personal property tax subclass for qualified data centers and set a rate up to 2.5x the standard real property tax rate. The bill emerged from Frederick County's push for local taxing authority over data center equipment after the county discovered data centers' vast server farms were taxed at the same rate as other business personal property. The legislation was introduced February 15, 2026 and referred to the Ways and Means Committee. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: HB 1595/SB 427 (local property-tax authority over data centers) did not pass; MD sine die Apr 13, 2026.", "bill_name": "HB 1595 / SB 427 - Data Center Property Tax Subclass", "bill_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Legislation/Details/hb1595?ys=2026RS", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Reform data center property tax rules in MD", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Del. Julie Palakovich Carr (D-MD)", "Sen. Karen Lewis Young (D-MD)" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.fredericknewspost.com/news/continuing_coverage/data_centers/pippy-proposes-data-center-moratorium-bill-for-frederick-county/article_a31f3fc5-5c63-5255-9dae-2077932ea181.html", "https://www.bayjournal.com/news/energy/maryland-counties-to-data-center-industry-slow-down/article_c8362372-9a29-4ef9-925a-c81840390a95.html", "https://www.wypr.org/wypr-news/2026-03-12/frederick-county-group-wants-voters-to-decide-data-center-limits", { "url": "https://ccanactionfund.org/frederick-county-residents-gather-an-impressive-21029-valid-signatures-to-put-controversial-data-center-expansion-project-on-the-ballot/", "title": "Frederick County referendum signatures certified" } ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "frederick-county-pippy-moratorium-md-2026-03-06", "jurisdiction": "Frederick County (Pippy state moratorium bill)", "state": "MD", "county": "Frederick County", "lat": 39.41, "lng": -77.41, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-06", "status": "pending", "summary": "Frederick County Delegate Jesse Pippy introduced a bill proposing a data center moratorium specifically for Frederick County while the state conducts a comprehensive study of data center impacts. The legislation responds to growing community concern after the Frederick County Council voted 5-2 to adopt a 2,615-acre 'Critical Digital Infrastructure' overlay zone, which prompted residents to launch a referendum petition campaign that gathered over 22,000 signatures. Maryland counties more broadly have been calling on the data center industry to slow down. NOTE: fcdcreferendum.org does NOT display a live signature count; the 22,169 figure was removed. The 21,029 figure was the Board of Elections certified count at ballot qualification (CCAN source). Signature goal was 18,000 by March 15 per the committee's own site. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: Pippy's state moratorium bill died at MD sine die Apr 13, but the citizen referendum on the data center overlay zone was certified for the Nov 2026 ballot Apr 3 with 21,029 valid signatures (now facing legal challenges).", "bill_name": "Pippy Frederick County Data Center Moratorium", "bill_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Legislation/Details/HB0120?ys=2026RS", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Pause data center permits for statewide study in MD", "community_outcome": "mixed", "sponsors": [ "Del. Jesse Pippy (R-MD)" ], "petition_signatures": 21029, "petition_url": "https://fcdcreferendum.org/", "opposition_groups": [ "Sugarloaf Alliance", "Envision Frederick County", "Frederick County Data Center Referendum Committee" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.spotlightpa.org/news/2026/03/data-centers-josh-shapiro-permitting-water-energy-jobs-regulation-environment/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/06022026/pennsylvania-governor-josh-shapiro-data-center-growth-consumer-protections/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "id": "pennsylvania-shapiro-grid-pa-2026-02-04", "jurisdiction": "Pennsylvania (Gov. Shapiro GRID standards)", "state": "PA", "county": "Dauphin County", "lat": 40.27, "lng": -76.89, "action_type": [ "executive_order" ], "date": "2026-02-04", "status": "active", "summary": "In Pennsylvania, voluntary executive program offering expedited state permitting for data center developers who commit to bringing/paying for their own power generation, transparency and community engagement, Hiring local workers, and environmental protection including water conservation. Critics note standards are voluntary with no enforcement.", "bill_name": "Governor's GRID Standards", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Criticize PA governor's voluntary data center permitting program as lacking enforcement", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_groups": [ "FracTracker Alliance", "Concerned Citizens of Montour County" ], "bill_url": "https://www.pa.gov/governor/newsroom/2026-press-releases/governor-shapiro-continues-effort-to-lower-pennsylvanians--elect", "sponsors": [ "Gov. Josh Shapiro (D-PA)" ], "last_updated": "2026-03-28" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://investigatela.org/2026/03/02/city-of-industry-discussed-data-center-sites-months-before-zoning-vote/", "https://www.sgvtribune.com/2026/02/27/could-puente-hills-mall-become-a-data-center-city-developer-are-discussing-it/", "https://www.sgvtribune.com/2026/01/28/a-city-of-industry-plan-for-a-massive-energy-storage-facility-takes-step-forward-amid-pushback-on-data-centers/", "https://lapublicpress.org/2026/01/a-data-center-boom-is-coming-to-the-san-gabriel-valley-residents-had-no-idea/" ], "company": "EdgeCore", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 62, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Avocado Heights/Industry Hills Community Alliance" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "city-of-industry-ca-zoning-2025", "jurisdiction": "City of Industry", "state": "CA", "county": "Los Angeles County", "lat": 34.0197, "lng": -117.9587, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-01-15", "status": "approved", "summary": "City of Industry's Planning Commission voted in December 2025 to recommend zoning changes allowing data centers citywide (proposed by EdgeCore) (62 acres). City Manager Joshua Nelson wrote in May 2025 that the city was 'working on a change to our code to pretty much allow data centers anywhere.' With fewer than 300 residents, the city faced minimal public opposition. Majestic Realty pitched the Industry Business Center campus for mid-sized (20-80 MW) data centers. A formal proposal for IBC Building 10 was submitted in late 2025.", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose City of Industry zoning amendments enabling data center conversion of Puente Hills Mall", "community_outcome": "loss", "megawatts": 10, "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "EdgeCore involvement unverified in accessible sources", "added": "2026-04-21" }, { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified and confirmed. The entry (site/data/fights.json line 28740+) sets company=\"EdgeCore\", acreage=62, megawatts=10, and the summary reads \"zoning changes allowing data centers cityw", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.kqed.org/news/12076074/oakley-drops-data-center-plans-approves-massive-industrial-project", "https://contracosta.news/2026/03/11/with-data-centers-removed-oakley-approves-bridgehead-industrial-project/", "https://ccpulse.org/2026/01/23/oakley-residents-push-against-project-that-could-later-house-a-i-data-center/", "https://ccpulse.org/2026/03/11/oakley-approves-bridgehead-project-without-a-i-data-centers/" ], "company": "Oxfoot Oakley LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Oakley Community Alliance" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "oakley-ca-datacenter-2025", "jurisdiction": "City of Oakley", "state": "CA", "county": "Contra Costa County", "lat": 37.9974, "lng": -121.7125, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-11", "status": "cancelled", "summary": "In City of Oakley, California, Oakley City Council approved the 164-acre Bridgehead Industrial Project on March 11, 2026 in a 4-1 vote, but with an amendment excluding data centers after sustained community opposition. Residents raised concerns about water and electricity demands at public hearings and Planning Commission meetings. On February 9, 2026, the developer (Oxfoot Oakley) agreed to remove data centers from the proposal. The project was approved as a logistics/industrial hub without data center uses.", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Rally against data center in City of Oakley", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.sgvtribune.com/2026/03/12/in-el-monte-verbal-altercation-in-city-council-chambers-postpones-debate-on-data-centers-and-sanctuary-law/", "https://www.whittierdailynews.com/2026/03/12/in-el-monte-verbal-altercation-in-city-council-chambers-postpones-debate-on-data-centers-and-sanctuary-law/", "https://www.sgvtribune.com/2026/03/17/el-monte-city-council-set-to-meet-again-after-verbal-altercation-ended-last-meeting/", "https://www.sgvtribune.com/2026/03/19/data-center-moratorium-sanctuary-city-rules-pass-in-el-monte/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "El Monte Neighbors United" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "el-monte-ca-moratorium-2025", "jurisdiction": "City of El Monte", "state": "CA", "county": "Los Angeles County", "lat": 34.0686, "lng": -118.0276, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-19", "status": "passed", "summary": "In City of El Monte, California, On March 12, 2026, the City Council postponed action on data center moratorium evaluation after a verbal altercation during public comment led police to evacuate the chamber. Debate rescheduled to March 18, 2026. City Council unanimously passed a 45-day moratorium on March 19, 2026. Opposition was led by El Monte Neighbors United. Key concerns driving this action include community impacts. The community successfully achieved its objective.", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 45-day data centers moratorium in City of El Monte", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB978", "https://sd25.senate.ca.gov/news/senator-perez-introduces-legislation-protect-communities-amid-unprecedented-growth-data", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/californian-senator-proposes-bill-to-create-new-rate-class-for-large-load-data-centers/", "https://pasadenanow.com/main/pasadena-senator-proposes-banning-diesel-generators-at-california-data-centers", { "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB978", "title": "CA SB 978 bill history" } ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "ca-sb-978-2025", "jurisdiction": "California", "state": "CA", "county": null, "lat": 38.5766, "lng": -121.4934, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-04", "status": "held", "bill_name": "SB 978 - Data Center Community Accountability Act", "bill_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB978", "summary": "SB 978, the Data Center Community Accountability Act, introduced by Sen. Sasha Renée Pérez (D-Pasadena) on February 4, 2026. Bans new diesel backup generators at data centers in high-pollution zones, mandating clean technologies (hydrogen fuel cells or long-duration battery storage). Requires the PUC to establish a special rate class for large-scale energy users (75+ MW) to prevent cost shifts to other ratepayers. Directs the California Energy Commission to study impacts of large data center loads on decarbonization goals. Mandates prevailing wages and local skilled workforce for hyperscale construction. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: SB 978 (diesel-generator ban, special rate class, prevailing wage) passed Senate Labor 12-4 but was held in Senate Appropriations suspense (\"held under submission\") May 14, 2026 — effectively dead this year. Consolidated a duplicate tracker entry.", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "contract_guarantees", "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Shield residential ratepayers from data center costs in CA", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Sasha Renee Perez (D-CA)" ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.thedesertreview.com/business/data-center-company-to-build-315-acre-center-in-lithium-valley/article_aff75860-4f82-11ef-a8b5-7f739e431385.html", "https://www.kpbs.org/news/environment/2025/12/12/imperial-valley-city-sues-to-force-environmental-review-of-massive-data-center-project", "https://calexicochronicle.com/2026/01/07/where-imperial-data-center-project-and-opposition-stands/", "https://calexicochronicle.com/2026/04/02/judge-denies-imperials-ex-parte-application-county-board-vote-on-data-center-lot-merger-to-continue-as-scheduled/", { "url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/calethos-launches-geothermal-subsidiary-targeting-behind-the-meter-power-for-data-centers/", "title": "CalEthos launches behind-the-meter subsidiary" }, { "url": "https://sqxalts.com/calethos-secures-15m-loan-to-advance-data-center-power-plant-project/", "title": "CalEthos secures $15M loan" }, { "url": "https://www.thedesertreview.com/news/developer-of-imperial-valley-ai-data-center-sues-activist-and-environmental-nonprofit-for-defamation-alleged/article_d9ca8730-b133-401b-a605-94bf8a61f702.html", "title": "Data center developer sues activist and nonprofit for defamation" } ], "company": "CalEthos", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": 5500000000, "acreage": 315, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Imperial Valley Environmental Justice Coalition" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "calethos-imperial-valley-ca-2025", "jurisdiction": "Imperial Valley", "state": "CA", "county": "Imperial County", "lat": 32.8421, "lng": -115.5694, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-01-28", "status": "active", "summary": "Multiple lawsuits surround data center development in Imperial Valley. The City of Imperial sued Imperial County in December 2025 to force environmental review of a $10B data center by Imperial Valley Computer Manufacturing LLC. In February 2026, the court ruled the city's CEQA claims were insufficient. In April 2026, the developer filed defamation and civil rights lawsuits against the City of Imperial and environmental activists. On April 2, 2026, a judge denied Imperial's ex parte application to block a county board vote on a lot merger. A case management conference is set for June 2, 2026. Separately, CalEthos is developing a 330 MW, 315-acre project near Niland/Calipatria. CalEthos developments (2026): launched subsidiary TerraVolt Infrastructure Inc. as a behind-the-meter 'Infrastructure-as-a-Service' platform; secured a $15M insider loan (rolled to ~$16M); and on May 11 executed a 55,000 MMBTU/day natural-gas supply agreement — but for a campus in Southeast Idaho, signaling a pivot from the original '100% geothermal/solar Lithium Valley' pitch toward natural gas and out-of-state sites (the Calipatria/Niland 315-acre campus, first phase ~420 MW, still in earlier filings). Litigation update: on April 1, 2026 IVCM/Rucci filed a defamation suit (Imperial County Superior Court) against activist Jake Tison, Comité Cívico del Valle, and Luis Olmedo — calling the nonprofit a 'greenmail extortion racket' and seeking $1M+ plus punitive damages; no anti-SLAPP ruling yet.", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Petition to block CalEthos data center in Imperial Valley", "community_outcome": "pending", "megawatts": 420, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 750000, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRMED. The 750,000 gallons/day figure is independently attributed to developer Sebastian Rucci's $10B / 330MW Imperial Valley data center project (Imperial Valley Computer Manufacturing LLC), NOT ", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://oregoncapitalchronicle.com/2026/03/31/amazon-to-pay-20-5-million-settlement-over-northeast-oregon-nitrate-pollution/", "https://www.opb.org/article/2026/03/31/amazon-fine-northeast-oregon-boardman-nitrate-pollution-well/", "https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/amazon-data-center-pollution-settlement-1235539152/", "https://thefern.org/2026/03/breaking-amazon-to-pay-20-5-million-to-settle-class-action-suit-over-pollution-ineastern-oregon/", "https://www.kgw.com/article/tech/science/environment/amazon-20m-morrow-county-nitrate-contaminated-water-crisis/283-84b156c8-4acf-4242-a682-ecab1b5dcd70" ], "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Morrow County Water Guardians", "WaterWatch of Oregon" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "boardman-or-water-lawsuit-2025", "jurisdiction": "Boardman", "state": "OR", "county": "Morrow County", "lat": 45.8398, "lng": -119.7006, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-02-05", "status": "passed", "summary": "Federal class action lawsuit (Pearson v. Port of Morrow) against Amazon, Port of Morrow and 17 total defendants over nitrate contamination of 634+ domestic drinking water wells in Morrow County, where Amazon operates 13 data centers. On March 31, 2026, Amazon agreed to pay $20.5 million to settle, becoming the first Big Tech company to commit to paying damages related to public health threats from its data centers. Amazon denied any wrongdoing. The settlement funds will support private well and public infrastructure projects. Litigation continues against the remaining defendants including Port of Morrow, Lamb Weston, Madison Ranches, Threemile Canyon Farms, PGE, and Columbia River Processing.", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland", "ratepayer", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge Amazon/AWS water withdrawal in court", "community_outcome": "win", "investment_million_usd": 12000 }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.opb.org/article/2026/01/20/oregon-data-center-advisory-committee/", "https://oregoncapitalchronicle.com/2026/01/20/oregon-governor-forms-new-committee-to-advise-on-massive-data-center-growth/", "https://oregoncapitalchronicle.com/2026/01/20/oregon-governor-forms-new-committee-to-advise-on-massive-data-center-growth/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "oregon-advisory-committee-2025", "jurisdiction": "Oregon", "state": "OR", "county": null, "lat": 44.9429, "lng": -123.0351, "action_type": [ "executive_order" ], "date": "2025-03-01", "status": "active", "bill_name": "Gov. Kotek Data Center Advisory Committee", "summary": "Governor Tina Kotek formally announced the Data Center Advisory Committee on January 20, 2026, with seven members co-chaired by Margaret Hoffmann (NW Power and Conservation Council) and Michael Jung. The committee includes Umatilla County commissioner Dan Dorran, U of O professor Greg Dotson, and energy/business professionals. It will hold at least one public meeting per month for six months, with policy recommendations due to the Governor and Legislature by October 2026. Focus areas include regulations for responsible siting, energy and water supply impacts, and protecting low-income ratepayers.", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Establish seven-member Data Center Advisory Committee to develop policy recommendations in Oregon", "community_outcome": "pending", "bill_url": "https://apps.oregon.gov/oregon-newsroom/OR/GOV/Posts/Post/governor-kotek-convenes-statewide-data-center-advisory-committee", "sponsors": [ "Gov. Tina Kotek (D-OR)" ] }, { "scope": "federal", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.vanhollen.senate.gov/news/press-releases/van-hollen-leads-new-bill-to-ensure-americans-arent-footing-the-bill-for-big-data-centers", "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/3682/text" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "federal-van-hollen-power-people-act-2026", "jurisdiction": "United States", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": 38.907, "lng": -77.037, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-15", "status": "pending", "bill_name": "S. 3682 - Power for the People Act", "bill_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/3682", "summary": "The Van Hollen Power to the People Act directs FERC to mandate grid operators create specific queues for data center electricity connection requests, encourages states to establish rate classes specific to data centers, and requires data center operators to cover the full cost of generation, transmission, and distribution upgrades. Includes prevailing wage and registered apprenticeship requirements.", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "contract_guarantees", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Create dedicated FERC interconnection queues for data centers", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Chris Van Hollen (D-MD)", "Sen. Cory Booker (D-NJ)", "Sen. Dick Durbin (D-IL)", "Sen. Richard Blumenthal (D-CT)", "Sen. Tammy Duckworth (D-IL)", "Sen. Tina Smith (D-MN)", "Sen. Peter Welch (D-VT)", "Sen. Angela Alsobrooks (D-MD)" ], "last_updated": "2026-03-28" }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.nj.gov/governor/news/2026/approved/20260120b.shtml", "https://whyy.org/articles/new-jersey-governor-mikie-sherrill-executive-order-energy-costs-electricity/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "nj-sherrill-executive-order-2026", "jurisdiction": "New Jersey", "state": "NJ", "county": null, "lat": 40.2206, "lng": -74.7699, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-20", "status": "active", "bill_name": "Executive Order No. 2 - Utility Costs Emergency", "bill_url": "https://www.nj.gov/governor/news/2026/20260120a.shtml", "summary": "In New Jersey, Gov. Mikie Sherrill signed on her first day in office, Declaring a state of emergency on utility costs. Directs BPU to require electric utilities to report on energy requests from data centers ('ghost loads'). Identifies data center demand surge as key driver of NJ's energy crisis. Key concerns driving this action include tax incentive policy and water consumption. The outcome remains pending.", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "water" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Require data centers to report energy consumption in NJ", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Gov. Mikie Sherrill (D-NJ)" ], "last_updated": "2026-03-28" }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.houstonpublicmedia.org/articles/technology/2026/02/09/542911/texas-water-use-data-center-study-puct/", "https://www.kxan.com/news/texas/texas-regulators-will-ask-data-centers-to-begin-reporting-their-water-usage/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Public Citizen Texas" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "texas-puct-water-survey-2026", "jurisdiction": "Texas", "state": "TX", "county": null, "lat": 30.274, "lng": -97.74, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-09", "status": "active", "bill_name": "PUCT Data Center Water Use Survey", "summary": "Public Utility Commission of Texas conducting a survey of water use by data centers and virtual currency mining facilities. Authorized by state budget rider from Rep. Armando Walle. Survey asks about direct water use, cooling technology, and indirect water use. Results shared with Texas Water Development Board and TCEQ, due to legislature by end of 2026. Texas has 464 data centers with 70+ under development.", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Study data center impacts on water resources in TX", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Armando Walle (D-TX)" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/groups-challenge-montana-psc-order-that-shields-data-center-plans-from-public-view", "https://dailymontanan.com/2026/03/31/northwestern-doesnt-have-to-turn-over-more-data-center-information-in-merger-case/", "https://dailymontanan.com/2026/03/13/public-service-commission-cant-keep-data-center-information-secret-says-group/" ], "company": "NorthWestern Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Earthjustice", "Montana Environmental Information Center" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "montana-psc-protective-order-challenge-2026", "jurisdiction": "Montana", "state": "MT", "county": "Silver Bow County", "lat": 46.5891, "lng": -112.0391, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-03-11", "status": "active", "bill_name": "PSC Protective Order Challenge", "summary": "Earthjustice and a coalition of 9 groups challenged the Montana PSC's protective order shielding NorthWestern Energy's data center plans (letters of intent for up to 1,400 MW to 3 developers: Atlas Power, Sabey, Quantica). On March 31, 2026, the PSC ruled NorthWestern doesn't have to turn over additional data center information in its merger case, a setback for transparency advocates. Groups argue Montana's Constitution guarantees the public right to know about utility plans affecting ratepayers.", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Challenge protective order shielding NorthWestern data center deals", "community_outcome": "pending", "bill_url": "https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/groups-challenge-montana-psc-order-that-shields-data-center-plans-from-public-view", "sponsors": [ "Earthjustice" ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://myrgv.com/local-news/2026/04/02/harlingen-calls-for-public-hearings-on-proposed-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.rgvbusinessjournal.com/news/02/04/2026/harlingen-considers-a-temporary-ban-on-data-centers-heres-what-comes-next/", "https://myrgv.com/local-news/2026/02/19/harlingen-drafting-ordinance-aimed-at-data-centers/", "https://www.change.org/p/stop-mega-data-centers-in-hidalgo-county-protect-our-water-grid-and-public-health", "https://www.rgvbusinessjournal.com/news/28/02/2026/harlingen-data-center-regulation-eneus-energy/", "https://www.rgvbusinessjournal.com/news/25/11/2025/u-k-business-plans-massive-data-center-in-harlingen-records-show/", "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/02/13/texas-data-centers-local-governments-power/" ], "company": "Eneus Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 2000, "investment_usd": 14000000000, "acreage": 1785, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Harlingen residents" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "harlingen-data-center-ordinance-tx-2026", "jurisdiction": "Harlingen", "state": "TX", "county": "Cameron County", "lat": 26.1906, "lng": -97.6961, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-26", "status": "moratorium adopted", "summary": "Harlingen city commissioners on April 1, 2026 called for public hearings and signaled plans to impose a 120-day moratorium on data centers to study impact on residents, resources and environment — but the moratorium has NOT yet been adopted. Texas law requires 30-day notice and two public hearings before imposition. Context: the Harlingen WaterWorks board in Sept 2025 entered an agreement with RGV Property Group LLC (Overland Park, KS) to potentially supply up to 4.6 million gallons/day of effluent water at 75 cents per 1,000 gallons ($1.2M/year threshold) for a proposed Eneus Energy data center project (1,785 acres on Cameron County land near Valley International Airport). Mayor Norma Sepulveda + Commissioner Daniel Lopez + City Attorney Mark Sossi drafting regulatory ordinance. [Validation 2026-06-18: status updated to 'moratorium adopted' per https://www.krgv.com/news/harlingen-officials-approve-120-day-moratorium-to-study-impact-of-potential-data-centers/.] [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'win'.]", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "issue_category": [ "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Restrict Eneus Energy 1785-acre data center in Harlingen", "community_outcome": "win", "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 4600000, "investment_million_usd": 14000 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://spotlightdelaware.org/2026/03/19/new-data-center-regulations-go-into-effect-but-not-for-del-city-proposal/", "https://www.delawarepublic.org/politics-government/2026-03-11/new-castle-county-council-unanimously-approves-data-center-regulations-after-hours-long-meeting" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "DE-CLEAR", "Delaware Sierra Club" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "new-castle-county-zoning-de-2026", "jurisdiction": "New Castle County", "state": "DE", "county": "New Castle County", "lat": 39.5776, "lng": -75.7502, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-11", "status": "passed", "summary": "New Castle County Council passed 12-0 (with one absent) first-of-their-kind data center regulations after 7 months of debate. Requires 1,000-foot buffer from residential zones (reducible to 500 ft with noise study), bans open-loop water cooling (unless using reclaimed water). Notably exempts projects already in the development pipeline, including Starwood's Project Washington. Effective March 19, 2026.", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "contract_guarantees", "design_standards", "noise", "ratepayer", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Adopt comprehensive data center regulations with 1,000-foot residential buffers and open-loop cooling ban in New Castle County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://spotlightdelaware.org/2026/02/02/data-center-regulation-bill-advances-in-delaware-legislature/", "https://legis.delaware.gov/BillDetail/142714", "https://baytobaynews.com/stories/delaware-senate-bill-on-data-center-protections-remains-in-limbo,291763", { "url": "https://www.wdel.com/news/del-legislation-would-address-utility-impact-of-large-scale-electricity-users/article_65cbf8aa-0494-420a-83b0-3b4bd2f8e15b.html", "title": "DE large-load utility legislation" } ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "DE-CLEAR", "Delaware Sierra Club" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "delaware-statewide-sb-205-2026", "jurisdiction": "Delaware", "state": "DE", "county": null, "lat": 39.1582, "lng": -75.5244, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-09-29", "status": "pending", "bill_name": "SB 205 - Data Center PSC Certification", "bill_url": "https://legis.delaware.gov/BillDetail/142714", "summary": "SB 205, sponsored by Sen. Hansen, requires businesses using 100+ MW of electricity (originally 30 MW, amended after industry pushback) to obtain a certificate to operate from the Delaware Public Service Commission. Certificates could mandate grid modernization payments or additional energy generation commitments. The bill remains tabled as Sen. Hansen works through business community concerns and assesses whether sufficient support exists. Delaware could see five new data centers that would double the state's total electricity usage. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: SB 205 was reported out of committee March 11 and its substance combined into HS 1 for HB 233 (May 21, 2026); no longer stalled.", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require PSC operating certificate for 30MW+ facilities in Delaware", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Stephanie Hansen (D-DE)" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.tapinto.net/towns/east-windsor-hightstown/articles/a-packed-planning-board-hearing-debated-the-future-of-an-east-windsor-data-center-expansion", "https://www.tapinto.net/towns/east-windsor-hightstown/sections/business-and-finance/articles/data-center-company-looking-to-expand-east-windsor-location-if-approved-by-planning-board", "https://www.tapinto.net/towns/east-windsor-hightstown/sections/business-and-finance/articles/letter-to-the-editor-qts-data-center-expansion-planning-board-meeting" ], "company": "QTS Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 194, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Twin Rivers Community (ad hoc)" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "east-windsor-qts-expansion-nj-2026", "jurisdiction": "East Windsor", "state": "NJ", "county": "Mercer County", "lat": 40.27, "lng": -74.53, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-09", "status": "active", "summary": "QTS Data Centers is undertaking a multi-phase expansion of its 194-acre East Windsor, New Jersey, campus on Princeton Hightstown Road, formerly occupied by McGraw-Hill, with plans for 554,000 square feet of modernized facilities. Residents from the Twin Rivers community packed Planning Board hearings to challenge the expansion, raising concerns about water consumption, energy grid strain, and environmental risks from the facility's growing footprint.", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Oppose QTS Data Centers data center over water in East Windsor", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null }, { "scope": "federal", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/6529", "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/6529/text", "https://www.benton.org/headlines/reps-landsman-beyer-introduce-bill-protect-residents-rising-costs-caused-ai-data-centers" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "federal-hr-6529-protecting-families-2025", "jurisdiction": "United States", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-12-09", "status": "pending", "bill_name": "H.R. 6529 - Protecting Families from AI Data Center Energy Costs Act", "bill_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/6529", "summary": "HR 6529 (Protecting Families from Power Price Spikes Act) directs FERC to convene a technical conference within 90 days on how large electricity loads — especially AI data centers — affect residential and small commercial customers' bills. FERC must submit a report with recommendations to Congressional energy committees within 180 days. The outcome remains pending.", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Direct FERC technical conference on data center rate impacts", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Greg Landsman (D-OH)", "Rep. Don Beyer (D-VA)" ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.fltimes.com/news/seneca-county-board-of-supervisors-to-dec-reject-terawulfs-modified-permit-request/article_cce901b6-e44d-41b6-ae0c-e0f9bf79e1d7.html", "https://sustainablefingerlakes.org/2026/03/13/seneca-county-board-of-supervisors-to-dec-reject-terawulfs-modified-permit-request/", "https://ithacavoice.org/2026/01/local-groups-file-suit-against-terawulf-lansing-zoning-board-over-data-center/" ], "company": "TeraWulf", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 400, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 183, "water_gallons_per_day": 1000000, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sustainable Finger Lakes", "No Data Center FLX", "Seneca County Board of Supervisors", "CLEAN (Cayuga Lake Environmental Action Now)", "FLX Strong", "Tompkins County Legislature" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "seneca-county-terawulf-water-ny-2026", "jurisdiction": "Seneca County", "state": "NY", "county": "Seneca County", "lat": 42.77, "lng": -76.82, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-03-13", "status": "active", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "summary": "The Seneca County Board of Supervisors voted unanimously in March 2026 to join Tompkins County in asking the New York DEC to reject TeraWulf's modified water permit for its proposed 400MW AI data center at a former coal plant site on Cayuga Lake in Lansing (183 acres). TeraWulf seeks to withdraw over one million gallons of water per day for cooling, with returned water at elevated temperatures that critics say would encourage harmful algal blooms threatening drinking water and tourism. Local groups have also filed a lawsuit against TeraWulf and the Lansing zoning board. Direct tenant is Fluidstack; Google holds ~8% equity in TeraWulf and backstops ~$1.8B of Fluidstack's lease — indirect link. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'loss' per https://www.cornellsun.com/article/2026/04/terawulf-affiliate-approved-to-draw-1-million-gallons-per-day-from-cayuga-lake.]", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "environmental", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge TeraWulf for treaty rights violations", "community_outcome": "loss", "megawatts": 400, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 1008000, "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Fluidstack (Google-backed)': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.wunc.org/environment/2026-03-11/apex-data-center-moratorium-wake-county", "https://indyweek.com/news/apex-initiates-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://ncnewsline.com/2026/03/16/apex-weighs-pause-on-data-centers-as-resistance-spreads-across-nc/", "https://www.wunc.org/environment/2026-03-11/apex-data-center-moratorium-wake-county", "https://www.wral.com/news/local/apex-data-center-moratorium-public-hearing-march-2026/", "https://ncnewsline.com/2026/03/16/apex-weighs-pause-on-data-centers-as-resistance-spreads-across-nc/", "https://www.wunc.org/environment/2026-03-05/proposed-data-center-new-hill-digital-campus-wake-county-apex", "https://indyweek.com/news/apex-town-council-to-hold-public-hearing-on-proposed-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.wral.com/news/local/apex-passes-data-center-moratorium-april-2026/", "https://abc11.com/post/apex-nc-leaders-hold-public-hearing-proposed-data-center-moratorium/18885810/", "https://www.govtech.com/artificial-intelligence/apex-n-c-puts-yearlong-halt-on-data-centers-cryptomining", "https://indyweek.com/news/apex-approves-one-year-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://www.wral.com/news/local/apex-public-hearing-data-center-april-2026/" ], "company": "Natelli Investments", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 189, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Wake County Coalition" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "apex-moratorium-nc-2026", "jurisdiction": "Town of Apex", "state": "NC", "county": "Wake County", "lat": 35.7327, "lng": -78.8503, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-10", "status": "passed", "summary": "The Apex Town Council voted unanimously on April 14, 2026 to adopt a one-year moratorium on data center development, following the March 5 withdrawal of Natelli Investments' New Hill Digital Campus (300MW, 189 acres) and sustained pressure from the Protect Wake County Coalition. The moratorium gives the town time to study impacts and develop regulations. UPDATE 2026-04-21: Apex Town Council unanimously approved the data center moratorium on April 21, 2026.", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Propose data centers moratorium in Town of Apex", "community_outcome": "win", "megawatts": 300 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.wtvr.com/news/local-news/route-33-data-center-plan-feb-19-2026", "https://richmondbizsense.com/2026/02/20/hanover-planning-commission-defers-vote-on-430-acre-data-center-project/", "https://www.12onyourside.com/2026/02/05/community-meeting-draws-critics-mountain-road-data-center-plan/", "https://richmondbizsense.com/2025/10/30/data-center-developer-tract-proposes-mountain-road-tech-park-in-western-hanover-county/", { "url": "https://richmondbizsense.com/2026/05/28/hanover-supervisors-reject-data-center-project-on-mountain-road/", "title": "Hanover supervisors reject data center project on Mountain Road (Richmond BizSense)" }, { "url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/tracts-430-acre-data-center-rejected-by-local-officials-in-hanover-county-virginia/", "title": "Tract's 430-acre data center rejected by local officials in Hanover County, Virginia (DCD)" }, { "url": "https://www.vpm.org/news/2026-06-01/hanover-mountain-road-data-center-tract-davis-prichard-kirchner-dibble", "title": "Hanover supervisors nix Mountain Road data center project (VPM)" } ], "company": "Tract", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 900, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 430, "water_gallons_per_day": 600000, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Hanover Data Centers", "Hanover County residents", "Route 33 corridor residents", "Stop Hanover Data Center VA" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "hanover-county-mountain-road-va-2026", "jurisdiction": "Hanover County", "state": "VA", "county": "Hanover County", "lat": 37.655, "lng": -77.42, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-05-28", "status": "defeated", "summary": "In Hanover County, Virginia, Denver-based developer Tract proposed the Mountain Road Technology Park — a 430-acre, 900-MW data center campus along Route 33 and Mountain Road near the Hanover-Henrico line. The project would include five buildings, requiring up to 600,000 gallons/day of water. After two deferrals in February and March, on April 16, 2026 the Hanover County Planning Commission voted 8-1 to recommend APPROVAL of the rezoning to the Board of Supervisors, despite strong community opposition (Stop Hanover Data Centers, Route 33 corridor residents). The Board of Supervisors now considers the final vote. UPDATE 2026-04-21: Planning Commission voted 8-1 (not 8-1 as previously reported) on April 16, 2026 to recommend approval of the rezoning. Board of Supervisors vote expected in May. Project details: 430 acres, Tract developer, 5 buildings, 900 MW, ~600,000 gal/day average water use (peak 2M gal/day), with $15M contribution toward booster pump infrastructure. [Update 2026-06-22: On May 28, 2026, the Hanover County (VA) Board of Supervisors voted 4-3 to DENY Denver-based developer Tract's rezoning request for the ~430-acre, 900-MW 'Mountain Road Technology Park' (13074 Mountain Road / 12517 Winns Church Road, near the Hanover-Henrico line) — overriding the Planning Commission's April 16 8-1 recommendation to approve. The campus...]", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "water" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Rally against Tract data center in Hanover County", "community_outcome": "win", "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 600000, "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "3 sources report 8-1, 1 source reported 6-1; 8-1 is the majority reading", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://appvoices.org/2026/03/13/wise-county-maverick-project/", "https://cardinalnews.org/2026/02/25/data-center-complex-with-gas-power-plant-planned-for-wise-county/" ], "company": "Red Post Energy Group", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 600, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 300, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Appalachian Voices" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "wise-county-maverick-va-2026", "jurisdiction": "Wise County", "state": "VA", "county": "Wise County", "lat": 36.975, "lng": -82.575, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-25", "status": "active", "summary": "In Wise County, Virginia, Red Post Energy Group signed a letter of intent with Wise, Virginia, Innovation Hub Venture (OASIS) to develop the Maverick Project — a phased natural gas power plant for a data center complex adjacent to Lonesome Pine Regional Industrial Facility (300 acres). The project comprises nine buildings totaling 2 million sq ft with 600 MW capacity and an on-site gas power plant. Appalachian Voices opposes the project. The complex would create 500-700 construction jobs and 30-50 operations jobs per building.", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Red Post Energy Group data center in Wise County", "community_outcome": "pending", "megawatts": 600 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://mcobserver.news/news/metro-council-to-consider-data-center-moratorium/", "https://thelynchburgtimes.com/what-happens-next-with-moore-countys-proposed-ai-moratorium/", "https://thelynchburgtimes.com/planning-commission-recap-ai-010625/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "moore-county-tn-moratorium-2026", "jurisdiction": "Moore County", "state": "TN", "county": "Moore County", "lat": 35.2831, "lng": -86.3744, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-01", "status": "pending", "last_updated": "2026-03-16", "summary": "The Moore County, Tennessee, Metro Council is considering a two-year moratorium on data center construction and expansion, which would take effect April 20, 2026. During the moratorium, the county would stop accepting new applications for special use permits, zoning amendments, and building permits related to data centers. County staff would study potential effects on energy use, water demand, noise, and land use in coordination with local utility providers.", "issue_category": [ "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause data centers in Moore County pending regulations", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.wvhighlands.org/2026/03/11/air-quality-permit-fight-continues-against-proposed-ridgeline-power-plant-and-data-center/", "https://wvmetronews.com/2026/02/07/air-quality-board-sides-with-developers-of-tucker-county-data-center/", "https://wvpublic.org/story/energy-environment/state-regulators-hear-two-days-of-evidence-in-appeal-of-tucker-county-data-center-permits/" ], "company": "Fundamental Data LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 1656, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 500, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Tucker United", "West Virginia Highlands Conservancy", "Sierra Club" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "tucker-county-air-permit-appeal-wv-2026", "jurisdiction": "Tucker County", "state": "WV", "county": "Tucker County", "lat": 39.07, "lng": -79.47, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-03-06", "status": "active", "summary": "Three citizen groups -- Tucker United, West Virginia Highlands Conservancy, and the Sierra Club -- filed an appeal challenging the state Air Quality Board's decision to uphold an air quality permit for the proposed Ridgeline power plant and data center in Tucker County, located between Davis and Thomas (proposed by Fundamental Data LLC). The 500-acre facility would include a natural gas power plant fueling a data center. The appeal argues the WVDEP wrongly classified the facility as a 'synthetic minor source' rather than a 'major source' of emissions.", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge Fundamental Data air quality permits in court", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://legislature.vermont.gov/bill/status/2026/H.727", "https://vtdigger.org/2026/02/24/vermont-plugs-into-the-data-center-conversation/", { "url": "https://www.environmentenergyleader.com/stories/vermont-data-center-bill-reaches-senate-third-reading,126525", "title": "VT data center bill reaches Senate third reading" }, { "url": "https://governor.vermont.gov/press-release/action-taken-governor-phil-scott-legislation-may-28-2026", "title": "Action taken by Governor Phil Scott on legislation, May 28, 2026" }, { "url": "https://vermontbiz.com/news/2026/may/28/scott-vetoes-data-center-bill-h727", "title": "Scott vetoes data center bill H.727" } ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "vermont-statewide-h727-vt-2026", "jurisdiction": "Vermont", "state": "VT", "county": null, "lat": 44.2601, "lng": -72.5754, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-05-29", "status": "defeated", "bill_name": "H.727 - Vermont Sustainable Data Centers Act", "bill_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/bill/status/2026/H.727", "summary": "Vermont H.727, the Sustainable Data Centers Act, sponsored by Rep. Laura Sibilia (I-Dover), regulates 'factory-sized developments' requiring 20+ MW power capacity. Focuses on proper siting, environmental protections, and ratepayer cost controls but applies the same requirements to all data centers regardless of technology or environmental footprint. A companion Senate bill, S.205, would ban data centers over 100 MW until July 2030 pending a Public Utility Commission study. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: H.727 (Sustainable Data Centers Act — siting, environmental protections, ratepayer cost controls for 20+ MW facilities) passed both chambers and was delivered to Gov. Scott on May 22, 2026; awaiting signature/veto as of May 26. On May 28, 2026, Gov. Phil Scott vetoed H.727; the next day (May 29) the House override attempt failed 83-52, short of two-thirds, killing the bill.", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Shield residential ratepayers from data center costs in VT", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Laura Sibilia (I-VT)" ], "last_updated": "2026-06-06" }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/RI/bill/S2346/2026", "https://legiscan.com/RI/bill/S2346/2026?guid=5O0yHYZColggVTQNUMF0xW", "https://www.bostonglobe.com/2026/03/12/metro/ri-bills-tax-incentives-data-centers/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Economic Progress Institute" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "rhode-island-s2346-ri-2026", "jurisdiction": "Rhode Island", "state": "RI", "county": null, "lat": 41.824, "lng": -71.413, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-30", "status": "defeated", "bill_name": "S 2346 - Data Center Tax Incentives", "bill_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/BillText/BillText26/SenateText26/S2346.pdf", "summary": "Rhode Island S2346 establishes 30-year property, tangible, sales and use tax exemptions for qualified data centers. Proposed by Sen. DiPalma (D), who also works as a technical director at Raytheon. Critics argued tech companies would build data centers without incentives; supporters noted 42 other states already offer sales-tax exemptions. Senate Commerce Committee recommended held for further study on March 10 after nearly an hour of floor debate.", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Establish 30-year property and sales tax exemptions for data centers in Rhode Island", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Louis DiPalma (D-RI)" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/RI/bill/S2776/2026", "https://legiscan.com/RI/bill/S2776/2026?guid=6TLvo0JczIYjOLHFli4UeK", "https://pbn.com/legislation-would-regulate-data-centers-in-r-i/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "rhode-island-s2776-ri-2026", "jurisdiction": "Rhode Island", "state": "RI", "county": null, "lat": 41.824, "lng": -71.413, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-04", "status": "pending", "bill_name": "S 2776 - Data Center Infrastructure Costs", "bill_url": "https://legiscan.com/RI/bill/S2776/2026", "summary": "Rhode Island S2776 requires data centers needing large amounts of electricity to fund the cost of necessary infrastructure improvements to supply that power, rather than passing costs to existing ratepayers. Rhode Island currently hosts seven data centers, none of which would meet the proposed threshold. Senate Commerce Committee recommended held for further study on March 10, 2026, alongside companion tax incentive bill S2346.", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require data centers to fund electrical infrastructure upgrades rather than shift costs to ratepayers in RI", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Louis DiPalma (D-RI)" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.maine.gov/governor/mills/news/governor-mills-announces-decision-ld-307-2026-04-24", "https://mainemorningstar.com/2026/04/24/gov-mills-vetoes-landmark-data-center-ban/", "https://www.mainepublic.org/climate/2026-03-12/maine-bill-blocks-data-centers-from-state-tax-breaks", "https://www.newsfromthestates.com/article/amid-mounting-concerns-maine-considers-excluding-data-centers-tax-breaks", "https://mainemorningstar.com/2026/03/20/legislature-poised-to-vote-on-bills-to-curb-data-center-development-in-maine/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Natural Resources Council of Maine" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "maine-statewide-ld713-me-2026", "jurisdiction": "Maine", "state": "ME", "county": null, "lat": 44.3106, "lng": -69.7795, "action_type": [ "legislation", "executive_action" ], "date": "2026-04-24", "status": "passed", "bill_name": "LD 713 - Exclude Data Centers from Tax Exemptions", "bill_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/legis/bills/display_ps.asp?LD=713&snum=132", "summary": "Governor Janet Mills SIGNED LD 713 on April 24, 2026, prohibiting data center projects from Maine's business development tax incentive programs. The law bars data centers from eligibility under the state's Business Equipment Tax Exemption (BETE) for facilities beginning operations on or after July 1, 2026, and excludes data centers from the Dirigo business incentives program. Maine's Department of Economic and Community Development must study other potential financial incentives for data centers and report by November 4, 2026. Mills signed LD 713 on the same day she vetoed LD 307.", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Exclude data centers from Maine BETE and Dirigo tax incentive programs (signed 2026-04-24)", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Nicole Grohoski (D-ME)" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.bangordailynews.com/2026/03/13/mainefocus/mainefocus-business/maine-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.centralmaine.com/2026/03/13/maines-proposed-data-center-moratorium-could-scuttle-project-at-jay-mill/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/proposed-maine-moratorium-could-scupper-plan-for-data-center-in-old-paper-mill/" ], "company": "Sentinel Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 150, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "jay-me-sentinel-2026", "jurisdiction": "Jay", "state": "ME", "county": "Franklin County", "lat": 44.5042, "lng": -70.2173, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-13", "status": "pending", "summary": "Sentinel Data Centers has an agreement to occupy 1 million square feet on two floors of a former paper mill in Jay, Maine, employing 800-1,000 construction workers and 125 permanent staff. The project faces an existential threat from LD 307, a bill advancing in the Maine Legislature that would impose a two-year moratorium on data centers above 20MW. Notably, the developer has not encountered local opposition from Jay residents, partly because the project does not seek special tax breaks.", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Oppose tax incentives for Sentinel Data Centers in Jay", "community_outcome": "pending", "megawatts": 25 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.pressherald.com/2026/02/18/new-details-emerge-about-proposed-southern-maine-data-center/", "https://sanfordspringvalenews.com/company-eyes-sanford-site-for-data-center/" ], "company": "Northern New England Energy Company", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 300, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 1000, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sanford Residents Concerned About Data Centers" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "sanford-me-datacenter-2026", "jurisdiction": "Sanford", "state": "ME", "county": "York County", "lat": 43.4393, "lng": -70.7745, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-13", "status": "moratorium", "summary": "Northern New England Energy Company is proposing the 'Sanford Woods Industrial and Technical Campus,' a 100-300MW data center covering over 1,000 acres along the Mousam River in Sanford. The developer claims the facility would generate its own power using fuel cells, solar, and battery storage without burdening Maine's grid. The project is threatened by LD 307, a proposed state moratorium on data centers above 20MW. Local residents have raised concerns about noise, environmental damage, and the significant changes a facility of this scale would bring. [Validation 2026-06-18: status updated to 'moratorium' per https://www.pressherald.com/2026/05/19/sanford-imposes-emergency-data-center-moratorium-halting-mousam-river-project/.]", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Northern New England Energy data center over noise in Sanford", "community_outcome": "pending", "megawatts": 300 }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.governing.com/finance/connecticuts-data-center-tax-break-bet-isnt-paying-off", "https://hartfordbusiness.com/article/ct-considers-bring-your-own-power-model-for-data-center-development/", "https://www.govtech.com/analytics/connecticut-local-officials-hesitant-over-data-centers", { "url": "https://ctmirror.org/2026/05/11/ct-2026-bills-that-didnt-pass/", "title": "CT 2026 bills that did not pass" } ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "connecticut-statewide-byop-ct-2026", "jurisdiction": "Connecticut", "state": "CT", "county": null, "lat": 41.7638, "lng": -72.6823, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-06", "status": "pending", "bill_name": "CT BYOP Mandate", "summary": "After the NE Edge/Millstone nuclear data center project was scrapped, Governor Lamont signaled Connecticut may require new data centers to generate their own power. The state's high electricity prices have made it less attractive for data centers. Only one company has used CT's data center tax incentive since 2021. No moratorium bills introduced. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: The \"bring your own power\" concept lived in HB 5469, which failed to advance before CT sine die May 6, 2026; Gov. Lamont's policy signal remains but no bill was enacted.", "bill_url": "https://hartfordbusiness.com/article/legislation-would-codify-bring-your-own-power-mandate-for-data-centers-large-power-users/", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Codify bring-your-own-power mandate for data centers in Connecticut", "community_outcome": "mixed", "sponsors": [ "Joint Committee on Energy and Technology" ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://georgiarecorder.com/2025/12/01/massive-burt-jones-backed-project-among-wave-of-data-centers-proposed-for-georgia/", "https://thecurrentga.org/2025/12/01/massive-burt-jones-backed-project-among-wave-of-data-centers-proposed-for-georgia/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": 10000000000, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": 4500000, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Altamaha Riverkeeper", "Georgians for Integrity" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "butts-county-ga-2025", "jurisdiction": "Butts County", "state": "GA", "county": "Butts County", "lat": 33.2865, "lng": -83.9566, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "active", "summary": "A massive estimated $10 billion data center project backed by Georgia Lt. Gov. Burt Jones and his family is proposed for Butts County as part of the Highway 16 Interstate Health Development near I-75, which would include 11 million square feet of data centers. The project is expected to consume over 4.5 million gallons of water per day, more than tripling Butts County's current water usage. Georgia Attorney General Chris Carr accused Jones of using his office to benefit his family's property interests, and environmental advocates have flagged the lack of available information about the facility's cooling technology and energy demands. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'loss' per https://www.jacksonprogress-argus.com/news/commissioners-rezone-560-acres-off-ga-highway-16-and-i-75/article_6c68e37a-8835-435c-a033-3728a6ccbc07.html.]", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose $10B data center backed by Lt. Gov. Jones over water strain in Butts County", "community_outcome": "loss", "investment_million_usd": 10000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 4500000 }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.alreporter.com/2026/03/13/alabama-senate-passes-bill-to-rein-in-data-center-tax-incentives/", "https://www.wbrc.com/2026/02/05/alabama-senate-bills-target-data-center-incentives-utility-regulation/", "https://aldailynews.com/lawmakers-aim-to-address-affordability-with-restrictions-on-power-providers-changes-to-utility-governance/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "alabama-statewide-sb-265-2026", "jurisdiction": "Alabama", "state": "AL", "county": null, "lat": 32.3668, "lng": -86.2999, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-13", "status": "passed", "bill_name": "SB 265 - Data Center Tax Incentive Reform", "bill_url": "https://legiscan.com/AL/bill/SB265/2026", "summary": "Alabama SB265, sponsored by Sen. Andrew Jones (R-Centre), limits data center tax abatement periods to 20 years starting January 1, 2027, down from the current 30-year maximum. The bill also mandates that large-scale data centers consuming 100+ MW pay state sales and use taxes. The governor may waive taxes for economically struggling counties. Passed the Senate 30-0 on March 13, 2026, with Governor Kay Ivey's support as part of a broader package aimed at lowering costs for Alabama families. The companion HB 399 (Hulsey) reached the same outcome and was sent to Ivey's desk on April 9, 2026.", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "issue_category": [ "contract_guarantees", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Limit data center tax abatements to 20 years in Alabama", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Andrew Jones (R-AL)" ] }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.alreporter.com/2026/03/12/bill-to-pause-new-solar-developments-advances-to-alabama-senate-for-vote/", "https://pv-magazine-usa.com/2026/03/16/alabama-senator-seeks-statewide-ban-on-solar-installations/", "https://heatmap.news/energy/meta-solar-alabama", { "url": "https://alabamareflector.com/2026/04/08/one-year-moratorium-on-solar-farms-fails-on-alabama-senate-procedural-rule/", "title": "AL solar moratorium fails on procedural rule" } ], "company": "Meta", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stockton Area Residents Against Solar" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "alabama-statewide-sb-354-solar-ban-2026", "jurisdiction": "Alabama", "state": "AL", "county": null, "lat": 32.3668, "lng": -86.2999, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-11", "status": "died", "bill_name": "SB 354 - Solar Farm Moratorium", "bill_url": "https://legiscan.com/AL/bill/SB354/2026", "summary": "In Alabama, SB 354 would impose a one-year moratorium on construction of new large-scale solar power facilities, Prompted by opposition to a 4,500-acre solar project in Stockton meant to power Meta's Montgomery data center expansion. Exempts TVA solar capacity and projects already under construction. Opposition was led by Stockton Area Residents Against Solar. Key concerns driving this action include environmental impacts and loss of farmland. The outcome remains pending. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: SB 354 passed the Alabama Senate 27-4 but died on a procedural transmission deadline in early April. Direction is ambiguous for this tracker — it is an anti-SOLAR moratorium, but the targeted Stockton solar farm exists to power Meta's data center; outcome left unscored. [Validation 2026-06-21: status -> 'died' per https://alabamareflector.com/2026/04/08/one-year-moratorium-on-solar-farms-fails-on-alabama-senate-procedural-rule/.]", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Impose one-year moratorium on large-scale solar facilities tied to data center expansion in Alabama", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Greg Albritton (R-AL)" ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://lailluminator.com/2026/02/23/amazon-data-center/", "https://www.ktbs.com/community/temporary-caddo-lake-water-restriction-proposal-fails-to-advance/article_e195336c-9f18-400e-b970-473450aa4892.html", "https://www.thecentersquare.com/louisiana/article_9b293a27-28ee-49c8-b9b6-86cccb79f3b4.html" ], "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": 12000000000, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Caddo Lake Institute" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "caddo-parish-water-moratorium-la-2026", "jurisdiction": "Caddo Parish", "state": "LA", "county": "Caddo Parish", "lat": 32.5222, "lng": -93.7501, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-02", "status": "defeated", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "summary": "Following Governor Jeff Landry's announcement of Amazon's $12 billion investment in three interconnected data center campuses across Caddo, Louisiana, and Bossier parishes, Commissioner Chris Kracman proposed a one-year moratorium on developments using water from Caddo Lake, but the resolution failed to receive a second from any other commissioner. Amazon has pledged to limit cooling water use to less than 13% of the year and invest $400 million in public water systems in the Caddo-Bossier area.", "issue_category": [ "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Propose data centers moratorium in Caddo Parish", "community_outcome": "loss", "investment_million_usd": 12000 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.ktbs.com/news/rezoning-near-benton-raises-questions-about-possible-data-center/article_21b0063d-4fb8-480d-8e2d-9ef652597aa1.html", "https://www.opportunitylouisiana.gov/news/amazon-selects-louisiana-for-12-billion-data-center-campuses-in-major-u-s-expansion", "https://www.shreveportbossieradvocate.com/news/public-hearing-on-benton-data-center-plan-scheduled-by-bossier-police-jury-here-s-when/article_547eac30-0cd7-41e4-bd13-54ced8d31b91.html", "https://www.ksla.com/2026/03/10/amazon-data-center-plan-raises-air-quality-concerns-northwest-louisiana/" ], "company": "STACK Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": 12000000000, "acreage": 1089, "water_gallons_per_day": 156000, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Benton Area Residents Concerned About Data Centers" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "bossier-parish-benton-la-2026", "jurisdiction": "Bossier Parish", "state": "LA", "county": "Bossier Parish", "lat": 32.6768, "lng": -93.7382, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "approved", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "summary": "As part of Amazon's $12 billion Northwest Louisiana data center investment, STACK Infrastructure is developing a 1,089-acre 'Highway 3 Technology Park' north of Benton in Bossier Parish, planned for over 1.3 million square feet across six buildings. The Bossier Parish Police Jury scheduled a public hearing for March 18, 2026 -- the first opportunity for public comment since the project was confirmed. Residents have raised concerns about air quality, proximity to homes, water supply, and rising utility costs. [Validation 2026-06-21: outcome -> 'loss' per https://www.ktalnews.com/news/local-news/bossier-parish-data-center-approved/.]", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "ratepayer", "water", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Challenge STACK Infrastructure 1,089-acre data center in Bossier Parish", "community_outcome": "loss", "investment_million_usd": 12000, "building_sq_ft": 1300000 }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2026/1118", "https://floridapolitics.com/archives/780766-senate-data-center-bills-advance-to-floor-vote-with-sustained-concerns-about-privacy-issues/", "https://www.cfpublic.org/politics/2026-01-20/bill-to-regulate-ai-data-centers-advances-in-florida-senate" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "florida-sb-1118-fl-2026", "jurisdiction": "Florida", "state": "FL", "county": null, "lat": 30.4383, "lng": -84.2807, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-13", "status": "defeated", "bill_name": "CS/SB 1118 - Public Records/Data Centers", "bill_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Session/Bill/2026/1118", "summary": "Florida SB 1118 creates a public records exemption allowing local governments to keep data center siting plans confidential for up to 12 months when requested by the company. A developer's 'proprietary confidential business information' remains exempt until it becomes public or the company stops treating it as proprietary. Includes a 5-year sunset provision expiring October 2031. The bill died in committee alongside companion SB 484, which establishes a comprehensive regulatory framework for hyperscale data centers effective July 1, 2026.", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Create public records exemption shielding data center siting plans for 12 months (SB 1118)", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Bryan Avila (R-FL)" ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.hometownsource.com/monticello_times/environmental-group-files-lawsuit-challenging-monticello-data-center-review/article_d5ffa609-757b-485d-b8b4-ef8e3ead2694.html", "https://www.fox9.com/news/monticello-residents-rally-against-proposed-data-centers-march-2026", "https://www.hometownsource.com/monticello_times/data-center-pushback-gains-momentum/article_289f1599-95ad-4b59-9298-482b565dbf14.html", "https://www.kare11.com/article/news/local/proposed-data-centers-in-monticello-spark-community-backlash/89-9f0aa475-3d16-4ab5-8b06-27f4cea6b408" ], "company": "Monticello Tech LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 550, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": 2495, "opposition_groups": [ "Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy", "Stop the Monticello Data Centers MN" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "monticello-mn-2026", "jurisdiction": "Monticello", "state": "MN", "county": "Wright County", "lat": 45.3055, "lng": -93.7941, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-03-09", "status": "active", "summary": "UPDATE: Monticello residents rallied against two proposed data centers (600+ acres combined, 4M+ sq ft). An online petition exceeded 1,200 signatures. Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy filed a lawsuit against the city challenging the review process. A Facebook opposition group quickly gained traction. Residents gathered at local parks to distribute yard signs.", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/no-data-center-monticello-mn", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Legal challenge to Monticello Tech data center in Monticello", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://cclocalnews.org/2024/10/29/despite-resident-objections-data-center-gains-preliminary-ok/", "https://bringmethenews.com/minnesota-business/cloudhq-to-invest-over-1-billion-in-new-chaska-data-center" ], "company": "CloudHQ", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Clover Ridge Neighborhood Residents" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "chaska-mn-2024", "jurisdiction": "Chaska", "state": "MN", "county": "Carver County", "lat": 44.7894, "lng": -93.6022, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2024-10-21", "status": "approved", "summary": "CloudHQ's 1.4M sq ft data center at West Creek Corporate Center received preliminary approval from the Chaska, Minnesota, City Council on October 21, 2024, with a 4-1 vote. The lone dissenter was Ward 2 representative Taylor Hubbard. Residents voiced concerns about the 72.5-foot building height (double the 36-foot limit), noise, and neighborhood character impacts. Planning Commission raised issues about unprecedented height and landscaping requirements. Final site plan approval is pending future Planning Commission and City Council review.", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose CloudHQ data center over noise in Chaska", "community_outcome": "loss", "investment_million_usd": 1000 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.warrencountyrecord.com/stories/aldermen-approve-data-center-site-plan,181278", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/crusoe-data-center-could-be-built-west-of-st-louis-missouri/" ], "company": "Crusoe", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 340, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Warrenton Residents Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "warrenton-mo-2026", "jurisdiction": "Warrenton", "state": "MO", "county": "Warren County", "lat": 38.8112, "lng": -91.1415, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-01-20", "status": "approved", "summary": "The Warrenton, Missouri, Board of Aldermen voted unanimously in January 2026 to approve a conditional use permit for a Crusoe data center on a 340-acre parcel, consisting of two 805,000-square-foot buildings and a 40,000-square-foot administration building. More than 40 residents spoke both for and against the proposal, with opponents raising concerns about noise, light pollution, water supply impacts on aquifers, and the pace of the approval process.", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Approve conditional use permit for Crusoe 340-acre data center in Warrenton with conditions", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.kshb.com/news/local-news/kansas/miami-county/rural-miami-county-kansas-residents-respond-to-1-billion-data-center-proposal", "https://www.kshb.com/news/local-news/kansas/miami-county/miami-county-commission-considers-pause-on-data-center-construction-following-nearby-1b-proposal", "https://www.kctv5.com/2026/02/18/osawatomie-city-council-considers-major-development-agreement-1-billion-data-center-campus-some-residents-are-concerned/" ], "company": "Alcove Development", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 150, "investment_usd": 1000000000, "acreage": 115, "water_gallons_per_day": 1000000, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Osawatomie Residents Concerned About Data Centers" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "osawatomie-miami-county-ks-2026", "jurisdiction": "Osawatomie", "state": "KS", "county": "Miami County", "lat": 38.4967, "lng": -94.9505, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-18", "status": "active", "summary": "The city of Osawatomie, Kansas, entered a pre-development agreement with Alcove Development/Northland Data Centers for a $900 million to $1.1 billion data center project on 115 acres of city-owned land, requiring one million gallons of water and 150MW of power per day. Residents have pushed back, citing the city's aging water infrastructure, fears of noise, and lack of community input. The Miami County Commission is considering a temporary moratorium countywide while proper regulations are developed.", "last_updated": "2026-03-16", "issue_category": [ "contract_guarantees", "farmland", "noise", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Alcove Development data center over water in Osawatomie", "community_outcome": "pending", "megawatts": 150, "investment_million_usd": 1000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 1000000 }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://nebraskapublicmedia.org/en/news/news-articles/legislature-advances-bill-paving-the-way-for-data-centers-in-nebraska/", "https://flatwaterfreepress.org/google-proposes-nebraska-data-center-requiring-more-power-than-all-of-lincoln/" ], "company": "Google", "hyperscaler": "Google", "energy_mw": 3000, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 2600, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "google-nebraska-power-plant-ne-2026", "jurisdiction": "Nebraska", "state": "NE", "county": null, "lat": 40.8136, "lng": -96.7026, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-13", "status": "passed", "bill_name": "LB 1261", "summary": "LB1261 was signed April 10, 2026, allowing private developers to build and own power plants to serve large-scale electricity users like data centers, and prohibiting Nebraska's public power utilities from using eminent domain to acquire such plants. Connected to Google's proposed Nebraska data center that could require 1,000-3,000 MW (3x Lincoln's peak demand). The Legislature passed it 34-7 despite opposition arguing it fast-tracks a new business model threatening Nebraska's land, water, and utility rates.", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "bill_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/bills/view_bill.php?DocumentID=63375", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Prohibit eminent domain for data center land acquisition", "community_outcome": "loss", "megawatts": null, "sponsors": [ "Sen. Barry DeKay (at Gov. Pillen's request)" ], "investment_million_usd": null, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "investment_million_usd of 3500 reflects historic Google Nebraska footprint (aggregate), not this specific power-plant project", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.timestribunenews.com/2026/03/13/troy-planning-commission-approves-six-month-moratorium-on-data-processing-centers/", "https://www.timestribunenews.com/2026/03/18/troy-city-council-approves-six-month-moratorium-on-data-processing-centers/", "https://www.firstalert4.com/2026/02/11/hundreds-pack-troy-data-center-meeting-held-by-developer-residents-push-back-controversial-project/" ], "company": "Cloverleaf Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Troy Residents for Responsible Growth", "Say NO to Data Centers in Troy IL" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "troy-il-moratorium-2026", "jurisdiction": "Troy", "state": "IL", "county": "Madison County", "lat": 38.7292, "lng": -89.8834, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-12", "status": "passed", "summary": "The Troy, Illinois, Planning Commission approved a six-month moratorium on data processing centers in March 2026, following the collapse of Cloverleaf Infrastructure's proposal for a 1.4-million-square-foot hyperscale data center sited less than a mile from neighborhoods, daycares, and senior living facilities. Hundreds of residents packed a meeting at Triad High School in February to challenge the project. The moratorium prevents new data center applications while the planning commission strengthens zoning ordinances. Troy Planning Commission approved a six-month moratorium on data processing centers on March 13, after Cloverleaf Infrastructure's 500MW proposal collapsed following massive public opposition. Hundreds of residents packed Triad High School in February. City Council final passage expected March 16.", "last_updated": "2026-03-23", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/TroyResidentsForResponsibleGrowth/", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Halt data centers in Troy after Cloverleaf Infrastructure proposal", "community_outcome": "win", "megawatts": 500 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/chicago-politics/development-of-ai-data-center-in-chicagos-south-loop-shrouded-in-mystery/3907693/", "https://www.hydravault.com/press/chicago-approves-construction-of-hydravaults-20-mw-data-center-in-south-loop" ], "company": "HydraVault", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Prairie District Neighborhood Alliance" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "south-loop-chicago-il-2026", "jurisdiction": "Chicago South Loop", "state": "IL", "county": "Cook County", "lat": 41.8464, "lng": -87.6256, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-17", "status": "active", "summary": "HydraVault received a full building permit from Chicago, Illinois, to construct a 76,000-square-foot, 20-megawatt AI data center at 2538 S. Wabash Avenue in the South Loop. Residents reported opposition due to energy consumption, water use, and the lack of public hearings — the project was classified as a 'minor change' by zoning officials, bypassing community review.", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose HydraVault data center over water in Chicago South Loop", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.shawlocal.com/kendall-county-now/2026/03/12/yorkville-data-center-approval-comes-after-nearly-6-hour-contentious-city-council-meeting/", "https://www.chicagotribune.com/2026/03/13/yorkville-council-oks-1000-acre-data-center-campus/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/two-data-center-campuses-totaling-38-buildings-proposed-in-yorkville-illinois/" ], "company": "Pioneer Development LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 1037, "water_gallons_per_day": 42500, "petition_signatures": 5229, "opposition_groups": [ "Block Project Steel and Project Cardinal" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "yorkville-il-project-cardinal-2026", "jurisdiction": "Yorkville", "state": "IL", "county": "Kendall County", "lat": 41.6411, "lng": -88.4473, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-11", "status": "approved", "summary": "After a nearly six-hour contentious city council meeting, Yorkville, Illinois, approved Pioneer Development's 'Project Cardinal' — a 1,037-acre, 1.8-gigawatt data center campus with 14 buildings totaling 17 million square feet, plus a $51 million upfront payment. Residents spoke against it, citing water usage, noise, air quality, and property value concerns. Yorkville City Council approved Project Cardinal at 12:51 AM on March 12 after a nearly 6-hour contentious meeting. The 1,037-acre campus (Pioneer Development LLC) includes 14 buildings totaling 17M sq ft. Development agreement includes $51M in upfront payments over 4 years and $68.25M directed to the school district ($91M total). First data center operational by 2029.", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "contract_guarantees", "environmental", "noise", "water", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Rally against Pioneer Development data center in Yorkville", "community_outcome": "loss", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/block-project-steel-and-project-cardinal-in-kendall-county-yorkville-il" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.stlpr.org/government-politics-issues/2026-02-22/edwardsville-data-center-city-emails-cloverleaf", "https://illinoisanswers.org/2026/02/21/edwardsville-officials-assured-residents-on-facebook-the-city-had-no-formal-proposal-for-a-data-center-but-city-emails-tell-a-fuller-story/" ], "company": "Cloverleaf Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": 5000, "opposition_groups": [ "Residents for Responsible Growth" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "edwardsville-il-cloverleaf-2026", "jurisdiction": "Edwardsville", "state": "IL", "county": "Madison County", "lat": 38.8112, "lng": -89.9532, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-22", "status": "active", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "summary": "Cloverleaf Infrastructure has been in detailed discussions with Edwardsville, Illinois, officials since mid-2025 about a data center south of New Poag Road. Obtained emails revealed extensive behind-the-scenes planning despite public assurances of 'no formal proposal.' Residents for Responsible Growth organized a meeting of nearly 300 people in March 2026.", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Rally against Cloverleaf Infrastructure data center in Edwardsville", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.nbc4i.com/news/local-news/pickaway-county/after-public-pushback-pickaway-county-village-enacts-data-center-pause/", "https://www.circlevilleherald.com/news/ashville-village-council-votes-to-impose-180-day-moratorium-on-data-center-zoning/article_dd0358a7-dc90-4d1f-8641-ad0e3b6e3901.html" ], "company": "EdgeConneX", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 200, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 680, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Pickaway Alliance" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "ashville-oh-moratorium-2025", "jurisdiction": "Ashville", "state": "OH", "county": "Pickaway County", "lat": 39.715, "lng": -82.9527, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-12-20", "status": "passed", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/people/Protect-Pickaway-Alliance/61583713468844/", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "summary": "Ashville, Ohio, Village Council unanimously passed a 180-day emergency moratorium on December 20, 2025, in response to EdgeConneX's proposal on 680 acres including an on-site 200-megawatt natural gas power plant. Residents lined yards with 'No Data Center' signs. EdgeConneX withdrew its annexation application but reportedly already holds land zoned for data center use.", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in Ashville (EdgeConneX)", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.wosu.org/politics-government/2026-03-11/columbus-city-council-to-hold-hearing-on-data-center-growth-in-central-ohio", "https://abc6onyourside.com/news/local/columbus-city-council-hearing-spotlights-debate-over-data-center-expansion", "https://ohiocapitaljournal.com/2026/03/12/ohioans-are-getting-fed-up-with-data-centers-state-lawmakers-are-starting-to-notice/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Food & Water Watch" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "columbus-city-council-oh-2026", "jurisdiction": "Columbus", "state": "OH", "county": "Franklin County", "lat": 39.9612, "lng": -82.9988, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-12", "status": "active", "summary": "Columbus City Council held hearings in March 2026 examining rapid data center growth in central Ohio, with large facilities potentially requiring up to 5 million gallons of water per day. Of 130 data centers in the area, only 18 fall within city limits, limiting regulatory authority. Some councilmembers called for a moratorium though no legislation has been introduced.", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Hold council hearings examining data center water use and growth in Columbus", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.wpr.org/news/new-bill-ban-nondisclosure-agreements-wisconsin-data-centers-nda", "https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/01/wisconsin-data-center-secrecy-deals-nda-nondisclosure-agreement/", "https://www.wispolitics.com/2026/sen-jacque-data-center-nda-ban-clears-senate-committee-with-bipartisan-support/", "https://wisconsinexaminer.com/2026/02/18/non-disclosure-agreements-energy-costs-focus-of-data-center-hearing/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "River Alliance of Wisconsin" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "wisconsin-statewide-nda-ban-2026", "jurisdiction": "Wisconsin", "state": "WI", "county": null, "lat": 43.0722, "lng": -89.4008, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-18", "status": "defeated", "bill_name": "SB 969 / AB 969 (NDA Ban)", "bill_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/proposals/SB969", "summary": "Senate Bill 969, authored by Sen. Andre Jacque (R-New Franken), would prohibit NDAs between data center companies and municipalities, while still allowing withholding of genuine trade secrets. The bill was prompted by a Wisconsin Watch investigation revealing at least four communities had signed secrecy deals hiding billion-dollar data center plans. Rep. Clint Moses (R-Menomonie), author of the companion Assembly bill, called the measure 'really about trust.' Passed Senate Utilities Committee 4-1, but the Senate adjourned the 2026 session without a floor vote.", "last_updated": "2026-04-20", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Ban data center NDAs in Wisconsin (original bipartisan bill)", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Andre Jacque (R-WI)" ] }, { "id": "tulsa-ok-moratorium-2026", "jurisdiction": "Tulsa", "state": "OK", "county": "Tulsa County", "lat": 36.154, "lng": -95.9928, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-26", "status": "passed", "company": "Meta / Beale Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 340, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Sand Springs Alliance" ], "opposition_website": "https://protectss.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/people/Stop-the-Sand-Springs-Data-Center/61583611330899/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Tulsa City Council unanimously passed a NINE-month data center moratorium (through December 31, 2026) on March 26, 2026. Originally proposed by Councilor Laura Bellis as a 365-day moratorium, it was amended to 9 months in committee.", "sources": [ "https://ktul.com/news/local/tulsa-city-council-considers-365-day-moratorium-on-new-data-centers-citywide", "https://www.okenergytoday.com/2026/03/tulsa-city-council-asked-to-implement-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.kjrh.com/news/local-news/tulsa-city-council-to-consider-data-center-moratorium", "https://www.fox23.com/news/in-depth-tulsa-leaders-consider-pause-on-new-data-centers-as-debate-grows-across-green/article_b2038fa2-74d4-4adc-9cfa-e8b5b0a041af.html", "https://krmg.com/2026/03/26/tulsa-city-council-votes-to-approve-moratorium-on-data-center-construction-for-a-year/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Propose data centers moratorium in Tulsa", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "oklahoma-sb-1488-moratorium-ok-2026", "jurisdiction": "Oklahoma (SB 1488)", "state": "OK", "county": null, "lat": 35.4756, "lng": -97.5084, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SB 1488 - Three-Year Data Center Moratorium", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Oklahoma ratepayer advocates", "Stop Data Colonialism", "Honor the Earth" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "SB 1488, sponsored by Republican Sen. Sacchieri, would have imposed a three-year moratorium on data centers with electrical load greater than 100 MW until November 1, 2029. Directed the Oklahoma Corporation Commission to study impacts on water supply, utility rates, property values, and ideal siting locations. The bill missed key legislative deadlines and died without advancing from committee.", "sources": [ "https://www.okenergytoday.com/2026/01/senator-says-data-center-moratorium-would-give-assurances-to-ratepayers/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/oklahoma-senator-proposes-three-year-data-center-moratorium-in-the-state/", "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/3/13/local-data-center-regulations-gain-ground-as-state-bills-falter", "https://goodjobsfirst.org/data-center-moratorium-bills-are-spreading-in-2026/", "https://kfor.com/news/local/time-is-ticking-on-effort-to-halt-data-centers-in-ok-for-three-years/", "https://oklahomawatch.org/2026/02/20/republicans-push-back-on-data-centers-in-oklahoma-other-states/", "https://oksenate.gov/press-releases/senator-sacchieri-files-legislation-address-unknown-impacts-data-centers-oklahoma", "https://www.govtech.com/products/oklahoma-bill-would-put-3-year-pause-on-data-centers", "https://www.okenergytoday.com/2026/02/another-data-center-bill-wins-house-committee-approval/", "https://www.okhouse.gov/posts/news-20260108_2", "https://www.okhouse.gov/posts/news-20260217_6" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "SB 1488", "bill_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/BillInfo.aspx?Bill=SB1488&Session=2600", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "noise", "ratepayer", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Pause data center permits for study via SB 1488", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Kendal Sacchieri (R-OK)" ] }, { "id": "mat-su-borough-ak-2026", "jurisdiction": "Matanuska-Susitna Borough", "state": "AK", "county": "Matanuska-Susitna Borough", "lat": 61.581, "lng": -149.44, "action_type": [ "executive_order" ], "date": "2026-03-11", "status": "active", "company": "Terra Energy Center Corp.", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Susitna River Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Mat-Su Borough Assembly plan to help a private company find investors/developers for a large data center on borough-owned land was vetoed by Mayor Edna DeVries, but the Assembly voted 6-1 to override the veto on March 17, 2026. More than a dozen people testified against data centers, while about three spoke in support. Opponents cited energy costs (14-17 cents/kWh in Southcentral), tightening Cook Inlet gas supply, and environmental concerns.", "sources": [ "https://alaskapublic.org/news/politics/2026-03-11/mat-su-data-center-plan-in-doubt-after-mayors-veto", "https://alaskapublic.org/news/environment/2026-03-19/assembly-overrides-veto-advances-data-center-related-partnership" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Veto borough resolution marketing public land for Terra Energy Center data center development", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "shreveport-west-la-permit-2025", "jurisdiction": "Shreveport (West)", "state": "LA", "county": "Caddo Parish", "lat": 32.479, "lng": -93.843, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-12-03", "status": "approved", "company": "Franks Investment Company LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Resilient Technology Park Data Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 300, "building_sq_ft": 2800000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 7500000, "jobs_promised": 150, "opposition_groups": [ "West Shreveport neighborhood residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Shreveport, Louisiana, Metropolitan Planning Commission denied a special use permit for a 2.8 million sq ft Franks Investment Company LLC data center at 7340 Greenwood Road (Resilient Technology Park) on a 4-4 vote on December 3, 2025, after major community backlash over noise, water use (7.5M gallons/day), and environmental impacts. The Shreveport City Council overturned the denial on December 18, 2025 in a unanimous 7-0 vote, and separately approved selling up to 7.5M gallons of water daily to the facility. A subsequent lawsuit was filed accusing the city of violating constitutional obligations.", "sources": [ "https://www.ksla.com/2025/12/06/shreveport-planning-commission-denies-28-million-square-foot-data-center/", "https://www.ktbs.com/news/city-council-votes-yes-to-shreveport-data-center/article_f75ee252-d0b1-4a8e-988e-40efbd6d4bee.html", "https://710keel.com/shreveport-data-center-approval/", "https://www.ksla.com/2025/12/18/shreveport-city-council-hearing-appeal-data-center-thurs-afternoon/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "noise", "traffic", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Deny Franks Investment Company conditional use permit in Shreveport", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "hermiston-or-annexation-2025", "jurisdiction": "Hermiston", "state": "OR", "county": "Umatilla County", "lat": 45.8404, "lng": -119.2893, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-09-10", "status": "approved", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 15000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 810, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Hermiston, Oregon, City Council voted in September 2025 to annex 800 acres of land to attract more data centers, with only one councilor (Jackie Linton) voting against. Linton raised concerns about water supply impacts and inadequate review time. Amazon Web Services already has dozens of data centers across Umatilla and Morrow counties and is building two more in Hermiston. The annexation was approved over community objections.", "sources": [ "https://hermistonherald.com/2025/08/26/hermiston-takes-steps-to-accommodate-massive-data-centers/", "https://www.opb.org/article/2025/09/10/hermiston-oregon-data-center-amazon-eastern-ai-technology-power/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 131, "issue_category": [ "farmland", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Amazon/AWS data center over water in Hermiston", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified and confirmed. The proposed flag of investment_million_usd=15000 ($15B) as figure_unverified is correct. I fetched all three relevant sources:\n\n1. OPB (evidence_url): cites NO d", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "oklahoma-hb-2992-ok-2026-01-08", "jurisdiction": "Oklahoma (HB 2992)", "state": "OK", "county": null, "lat": 35.4676, "lng": -97.5164, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-08", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "HB 2992", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Oklahoma HB 2992, the Data Center Consumer Ratepayer Protection Act, passed the Oklahoma House 92-2 on March 23, 2026. The bill passed the Senate Energy and Telecommunications Committee 9-0 on April 16, 2026 with an amendment, and now awaits a full Senate floor vote. HB 2992 defines 'large load customers' as new facilities adding 75+ MW and sets guidelines for how electric suppliers address rising energy demands from data centers, crypto mining, and AI facilities. It aims to shield residential and small business customers from higher utility bills tied to data center infrastructure.", "sources": [ "https://nondoc.com/2026/03/23/hb-2992-seeks-to-protect-oklahoma-ratepayers-from-data-centers-other-large-energy-users/", "https://www.okenergytoday.com/2026/04/data-center-bill-awaits-state-senate-vote/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 2992", "bill_url": "http://oklegislature.gov/billinfo.aspx?bill=hb2992", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Protect Oklahoma ratepayers from data center cost shifts via HB 2992", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Brad Boles (R-OK)" ] }, { "id": "michigan-sb-761-763-mi-2025-12-18", "jurisdiction": "Michigan (SB 761-763)", "state": "MI", "county": null, "lat": 42.7325, "lng": -84.5555, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-12-18", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SB 761/762/763", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Michigan Chapter" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Michigan Senate Bills 761, 762, and 763 (Sens. Rosemary Bayer D-West Bloomfield, Sue Shink D-Northfield Township, Erika Geiss D-Taylor) introduced December 2025. SB 761 bans data centers withdrawing >2 million gallons/day for consumptive use (water that evaporates or doesn't return to systems). SB 762 requires the Michigan PSC to publish annual reports on total energy spending and water usage of data centers. SB 763 prohibits passing infrastructure improvement costs on to residential ratepayers. As of March 2026, none of the bills have passed out of committee. Separately, Reps. Wortz, Fox, and Wegela introduced a bipartisan three-bill House package (the 'Data Center Regulation Act') that would prohibit new data centers from receiving permits or commencing operations until April 1, 2027. Speaker Matt Hall and Gov. Whitmer have not commented, raising doubts about passage.", "sources": [ "https://senatedems.com/geiss/2025/12/18/data-centers/", "https://legislature.mi.gov/Bills/Bill?ObjectName=2025-SB-0761", "https://www.govtech.com/policy/michigan-bills-target-data-center-water-use-utility-costs", "https://thesuntimesnews.com/what-michigans-new-data-center-bills-would-and-wouldnt-d/", "https://michiganadvance.com/briefs/trio-of-michigan-senate-democrats-introduce-policy-to-address-data-center-water-usage/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/03/lawmakers-propose-michigan-data-center-moratorium/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 761", "bill_url": "https://legislature.mi.gov/Bills/Bill?ObjectName=2025-SB-0761", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Ban data center water withdrawals over 2M gallons/day (SB 761-763)", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Rosemary Bayer (D-MI)", "Sen. Sue Shink (D-MI)", "Sen. Erika Geiss (D-MI)" ] }, { "id": "montana-sb-212-mt-2025-04-16", "jurisdiction": "Montana (SB 212)", "state": "MT", "county": null, "lat": 46.5891, "lng": -112.0391, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-04-17", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SB 212 - Right to Compute Act", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Montana Right to Compute Act (SB 212), signed by Governor Gianforte on April 16, 2025, establishes a legal right to own and use computational resources including data centers. The law requires any government regulation restricting computing resources to be 'demonstrably necessary and narrowly tailored,' effectively limiting local governments' ability to restrict data center siting or operations through zoning. The law was enacted without significant organized opposition, representing a setback for community control advocates.", "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/MT/bill/SB212/2025", "https://www.cbs42.com/business/press-releases/ein-presswire/805168690/montana-governor-signs-right-to-compute-act-into-law/", "https://projects.montanafreepress.org/capitol-tracker-2025/bills/sb-212/", "https://datainnovation.org/2025/09/how-some-states-are-resisting-unnecessary-ai-regulations/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 212", "bill_url": "https://legiscan.com/MT/bill/SB212/2025", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Establish right to compute, limiting local data center regulation", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Daniel Zolnikov (R-MT)" ] }, { "id": "mississippi-sb-3168-ms-2025-07-01", "jurisdiction": "Mississippi (SB 3168)", "state": "MS", "county": null, "lat": 32.2988, "lng": -90.1848, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-07-01", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SB 3168", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Mississippi SB 3168, enacted July 1, 2025, expands the state's data center tax incentive program. The law grants sales and use tax exemptions to data centers investing $250M+ and creating 35+ jobs at 125% of average state wages, adds electricity purchases to exempt 'state taxes,' provides automatic 10-year extension eligibility for qualifying expansions ($100M+), and excludes cryptocurrency mining. The bill passed both chambers and was signed into law without significant opposition.", "sources": [ "https://magnoliatribune.com/2025/02/25/senate-bill-aims-to-attract-more-data-centers-to-mississippi/", "https://www.salestaxinstitute.com/resources/mississippi-amends-and-creates-data-center-exemptions", "https://servercountry.org/policy/mississippi/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 3168", "bill_url": "https://billstatus.ls.state.ms.us/2025/pdf/history/SB/SB3168.xml", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Create data center tax incentive program in MS", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Josh Harkins (R-MS)" ] }, { "id": "federal-clean-cloud-act-s1475-2025-04-10", "jurisdiction": "United States (federal)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-04-10", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Clean Cloud Act of 2025", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Clean Cloud Act of 2025 (S. 1475), introduced by Senate Democrats, establishes an emissions standard and fee system for large data centers and cryptomining facilities. Beginning January 1, 2026, the EPA Administrator assesses fees on covered facilities. Region-specific emissions baselines reduce annually by 11% from 2026 through 2034, reaching net-zero by 2035. Facilities exceeding baselines pay a fee starting at $20/metric ton CO2e, rising annually by inflation plus $10. Annual data collection required for facilities with >100 kW IT power. Collected fees: 3% admin, 25% grants offsetting residential energy costs, 70% grants/loans for zero-carbon energy and long-duration storage. As of early 2026, the bill remains in committee with little movement.", "sources": [ "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/1475", "https://www.epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2025/4/whitehouse-fetterman-introduce-clean-cloud-act-to-create-emissions-standard-for-ai-cryptomining-facilities", "https://cohen.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/congressman-cohen-introduces-clean-cloud-act", "https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/119/s1475" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "federal", "bill_name": "S.1475 - Clean Cloud Act", "bill_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/1475", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Set federal emissions standards for data center electricity", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI)", "Sen. John Fetterman (D-PA)" ] }, { "id": "federal-eo-14318-data-center-permitting-2025-07-23", "jurisdiction": "United States (federal)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-07-23", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "EO 14318 - Accelerating Data Center Permitting", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Executive Order 14318, 'Accelerating Federal Permitting of Data Center Infrastructure,' was signed by President Trump on July 23, 2025. The order directs agencies to streamline NEPA reviews, establish new categorical exclusions for data center and energy projects, and designate qualifying projects ($500M+ capital or 100+ MW load) as 'transparency projects' for expedited FAST-41 review. It authorizes use of federal land for data centers, with DOE selecting four initial sites, and directs the Commerce Department to provide financial support including loans, grants, and tax incentives. The order was enacted without Congressional action.", "sources": [ "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/07/accelerating-federal-permitting-of-data-center-infrastructure/", "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/07/28/2025-14212/accelerating-federal-permitting-of-data-center-infrastructure", "https://www.whitecase.com/insight-alert/trump-administration-issues-executive-order-streamline-data-center-development", "https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/executive-order-14318-accelerating-federal-permitting-data-center-infrastructure" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-14", "scope": "federal", "bill_name": "Executive Order 14318", "bill_url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/07/accelerating-federal-permitting-of-data-center-infrastructure/", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "federal_executive", "objective": "Fast-track federal permitting for $500M+ data center and energy projects via EO 14318", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "President Donald Trump" ] }, { "id": "virginia-hb-784-va-2026-01-08", "jurisdiction": "Virginia (HB 784)", "state": "VA", "county": null, "lat": 37.5407, "lng": -77.436, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-08", "status": "incorporated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "HB 784", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition", "Piedmont Environmental Council" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.pecva.org/datacenters", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Virginia HB 784 provides additional transparency by requiring an annual report disclosing information about each data center operator that receives a sales tax exemption, including whether they've met job and investment goals. Part of Virginia's massive 2026 legislative push: lawmakers considered 61 data center bills, sent 15 to the governor's desk, and carried over 46 to 2027. As of late March 2026, the data center tax exemption (~$1.6B/year) remains unresolved as the Senate seeks to eliminate it entirely while the House wants to tie it to environmental compliance. This budget standoff has delayed the state budget; a special session is set for April 23 to resolve the issue. Among bills passed: HB 507 (Tier IV generators required for new data centers, awaiting governor) and HB 1393 (rate-recovery for new generation costs from large electric demand customers). [Validation 2026-06-18: status updated to 'incorporated' per https://legiscan.com/VA/text/HB784/2026.]", "sources": [ "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/2/4/states-rethink-data-center-tax-incentives-as-costs-soar", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/02/20/halfway-through-the-2026-legislative-session-theres-still-no-consensus-on-data-center-bills/", "https://www.wsls.com/video/news/2026/02/28/data-center-transparency-bill-clears-key-virginia-house-committee/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 784 - Data Center Tax Exemption Reporting", "bill_url": "https://lis.virginia.gov/bill-details/20261/HB784", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Mandate transparency and reporting from data centers in VA", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Del. Joshua Thomas (D-VA)" ] }, { "id": "virginia-sb-393-va-2026-01-08", "jurisdiction": "Virginia (SB 393)", "state": "VA", "county": null, "lat": 37.5407, "lng": -77.436, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-08", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SB 393 - Virginia's Great Outdoors Act", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition", "Piedmont Environmental Council" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.pecva.org/datacenters", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Virginia SB 393, the Virginia's Great Outdoors Act (companion HB 641), was defeated in February 2026. The bill would have created a $250M/year dedicated funding stream for land conservation, public lands, trails, and outdoor recreation funded by a $3/sq ft annual tax on data centers above 25,000 sq ft. The Senate Finance Resources Subcommittee voted to 'carry over' SB 393, delaying it indefinitely. Both HB 641 and SB 393 have been defeated. The proposal would have established Virginia's largest-ever conservation fund, including a Virginia Tribal Commitment Fund, and was supported by PEC, NVCT, and conservation groups statewide.", "sources": [ "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/2/4/states-rethink-data-center-tax-incentives-as-costs-soar", "https://www.billtrack50.com/billdetail/1940964", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/02/20/halfway-through-the-2026-legislative-session-theres-still-no-consensus-on-data-center-bills/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 393 - Virginia's Great Outdoors Act", "bill_url": "https://lis.virginia.gov/bill-details/20261/SB393", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Impose $3/sq ft tax on data centers above 25,000 sq ft for conservation funding", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Russet Perry (D-VA)", "Sen. Richard Stuart (R-VA)" ] }, { "id": "virginia-hb-503-va-2026-01-08", "jurisdiction": "Virginia (HB 503)", "state": "VA", "county": null, "lat": 37.5407, "lng": -77.436, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-08", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "HB 503", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Piedmont Environmental Council", "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.pecva.org/region/regional-state-national-region/2026-data-center-reform-legislation/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Prohibits Virginia utilities from recovering costs of transmission lines and energy generation serving data centers over 100 MW from residential ratepayers. Aimed at addressing the $4.4 billion in data center transmission costs borne by customers across seven PJM states in 2024 alone. House subcommittee recommended continuing to next session. Part of a broader package of 2026 Virginia data center bills targeting ratepayer protections and industry accountability.", "sources": [ "https://www.vpm.org/generalassembly/2026-01-16/2026-data-center-bills-thomas-hb155-mcauliff-hb503-pjm-dominion-energy", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/01/19/these-bills-aim-to-regulate-virginia-data-center-siting-generator-use-and-scc-oversight/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/02/20/halfway-through-the-2026-legislative-session-theres-still-no-consensus-on-data-center-bills/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-14", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 503 - Data Center Cost Recovery Prohibition", "bill_url": "https://lis.virginia.gov/bill-details/20261/HB503", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Prohibit utility cost recovery for 100MW+ data center transmission from residential ratepayers", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Del. John McAuliff (D-VA)" ] }, { "id": "illinois-sb-2182-il-2026-02-11", "jurisdiction": "Illinois (SB 2182)", "state": "IL", "county": null, "lat": 39.7817, "lng": -89.6501, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-11", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SB 2182", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Illinois SB 2182, sponsored by Sen. Elgie Sims Jr. (D), would require data centers receiving state tax credits to enter into labor peace agreements with unions representing workers who operate and maintain critical systems. Under LPAs, employers agree not to interfere with unionization efforts while unions agree not to strike. The bill would add labor requirements to Illinois's existing Data Center Investment Program and is advancing through the Senate.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/pennsylvania-brings-in-data-center-tax-breaks-illinois-wants-to-add-labor-agreements/", "https://www.chicagobusiness.com/greg-hinz-politics/threat-states-data-center-boom-close-passing", "https://ilenviro.org/data-centers-in-illinois-power-act/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-15", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 2182", "bill_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/BillStatus.asp?DocNum=2182&GAID=18&DocTypeID=SB&SessionID=114&GA=104", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "contract_guarantees", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require labor peace agreements for data center tax credits", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Elgie Sims Jr. (D-IL)" ] }, { "id": "henrico-darbytown-vested-rights-va-2026-02-27", "jurisdiction": "Henrico County (Darbytown/Varina)", "state": "VA", "county": "Henrico County", "lat": 37.488, "lng": -77.363, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-27", "status": "defeated", "company": "Centra Logistics (Wagner Urban Logistics)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 200, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "New Market Village HOA", "New Market Village residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In Virginia, Henrico County's Board of Zoning Appeals unanimously denied Centra Logistics' vested rights claim for a data center complex on nearly 200 acres along Darbytown Road in the Varina district on Feb. 26, 2026. CEO David Wagner had filed the claim in October 2025, Arguing the company had a right to build under the pre-June 2025 rules. But a key factor was that Wagner did not purchase the site until November 2025 -- a month after filing his claim. The company had previously withdrawn its provisional use permit application. Henrico adopted new rules in June 2025 requiring all hyperscale data centers to go through public hearings. Centra may appeal to Henrico Circuit Court.", "sources": [ "https://www.henricocitizen.com/henricos-board-of-zoning-appeals-denies-data-center-companys-appeal-for-varina-site/", "https://richmondbizsense.com/2026/02/27/henrico-denies-vested-rights-appeal-for-data-centers-at-darbytown-site/", "https://www.wtvr.com/news/local-news/data-center-site-denied-feb-27-2026", "https://www.wric.com/news/local-news/henrico-county/zoning-appeals-denies-centra-logistics-data-center/", "https://www.henricocitizen.com/data-center-detour-inside-henrico-countys-shifting-mindset-one-developers-attempt-to-overcome-it-and-a-community-fighting-back/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Uphold denial of Centra Logistics data center on appeal", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "chesterfield-westdulles-va-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Chesterfield County (WestDulles appeal)", "state": "VA", "county": "Chesterfield County", "lat": 37.286, "lng": -77.376, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "active", "company": "WestDulles Properties", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 430, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.pecva.org/datacenters", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Reston-based developer WestDulles Properties filed an appeal in March 2026 of Chesterfield County staff's determination that a Conditional Use Permit (CUP) is required before its 170-acre data center development at 1500 Battery Brooke Parkway in the James River Industrial Center can be built. Chesterfield Planning Director Andy Gillies determined the project requires a CUP as of January 1, 2026 under the new zoning ordinance making data centers conditional uses in industrially zoned land. WestDulles argues no CUP is needed because the site is zoned I-3 Heavy Industrial, where data centers were a by-right use under the previous ordinance. The matter is slated to go before the Chesterfield Board of Zoning Appeals in May 2026. Mass-grading plan was received by the county in fall 2025.", "sources": [ "https://richmondbizsense.com/2026/03/09/developer-appealing-permit-requirement-for-data-center-project-in-chesterfield/", "https://www.wtvr.com/news/local-news/chesterfield-data-centers-jan-5-2026" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Require use permit for WestDulles Properties data center in Chesterfield County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "powhatan-county-expansion-va-2025-10-29", "jurisdiction": "Powhatan County (Province Group expansion)", "state": "VA", "county": "Powhatan County", "lat": 37.548, "lng": -77.919, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-10-29", "status": "approved", "company": "Province Group", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 2700, "megawatts": 400, "acreage": 181, "building_sq_ft": 2000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.pecva.org/region/regional-state-national-region/general-assembly/virginia-data-center-reform-coalition/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/preserve-powhatan-and-block-the-data-center-zoning-proposal", "petition_signatures": 485, "summary": "Powhatan County, Virginia, Board of Supervisors voted 5-0 on Oct. 29, 2025 to approve rezoning of approximately 61 additional acres to expand the planned Province Group data center campus from 120 to 181 acres (1.5M to 2M sq ft). This came despite the Planning Commission's unanimous recommendation of denial on Oct. 7. The $2.7B campus near the Powhatan-Chesterfield line could eventually house up to four data center buildings requiring 300-400 MW of power and a new substation. Estimated annual tax revenue at full build-out: $9.7 million. The original 120-acre campus was approved 3-2 in October 2024.", "sources": [ "https://richmondbizsense.com/2025/10/29/powhatan-supervisors-approve-60-acre-addition-to-planned-data-center-campus/", "https://richmondbizsense.com/2025/10/16/powhatan-county-planning-commission-recommends-denial-of-60-acre-addition-to-planned-data-center-campus/", "https://virginiabusiness.com/powhatan-approves-2-7b-data-center-campus/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "investment_usd": 2700000000, "energy_mw": 365, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Block Province Group rezoning of 181 acres in Powhatan County", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "prince-william-ashton-amazon-va-2025-01-08", "jurisdiction": "Prince William County (Ashton/Amazon)", "state": "VA", "county": "Prince William County", "lat": 38.752, "lng": -77.487, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-01-08", "status": "pending", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": "Ashton Avenue Data Centers", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 52, "building_sq_ft": 1100000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition to Protect Prince William County", "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://protectpwc.org", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/p/Coalition-to-Protect-Prince-William-County-100068734932699/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Amazon proposed three 110-foot-tall data center buildings totaling nearly 1.1 million sq ft on 52 acres along Ashton Avenue near Manassas Mall, sandwiched between three schools and a townhome development. The Prince William County, Virginia, Planning Commission voted 6-1 in June 2024 to recommend denial due to noise, wildlife, and neighborhood proximity concerns. The Board of County Supervisors shelved the proposal indefinitely in October 2024 and it was deferred again in January 2025 to a date uncertain. Amazon maintains it still plans to build on the site but no hearing date is set.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/prince-william-county-supervisors-shelve-amazon-data-center-proposal-indefinitely/", "https://www.insidenova.com/headlines/amazons-ashton-data-center-proposal-near-manassas-deferred-again/article_30eea6ec-cec4-11ef-8243-8b8e46bf17a3.html", "https://www.bisnow.com/national/news/data-center/virginia-county-backtracks-on-agreement-with-amazon-for-6b-data-center-campus-122327" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "environmental", "noise" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Deny Amazon Web Services data center on 52 acres in Prince William", "community_outcome": "mixed", "opposition_facebook_members": 1300 }, { "id": "dekalb-county-nuclear-tn-2026-03-01", "jurisdiction": "DeKalb County (nuclear data center regulations)", "state": "TN", "county": "DeKalb County", "lat": 35.982, "lng": -85.832, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-01", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "DeKalb County, Tennessee, Commission is considering data center regulations proposed by County Mayor Matt Adcock after receiving an inquiry about locating a nuclear-powered data center in the county. The proposed resolution would prohibit data centers within 5,000 feet of residences, schools, daycares, parks, churches, commercial, or industrial establishments. Applicants would need permits with appeal rights. Commissioner Tom Chandler called the resolution 'a sham' arguing the 5,000-foot restriction makes permit approval impossible anywhere in the county. The action was tabled to allow public input; no final vote recorded.", "sources": [ "https://www.wjle.com/county-commission-to-renew-discussion-about-proposed-data-center-regulations-view-video-here/", "https://www.wjle.com/could-dekalb-county-be-getting-a-nuclear-powered-data-center/", "https://www.wjle.com/county-commission-to-hear-from-public-on-proposed-data-center-regulations-under-county-powers-act/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Ban data centers in designated zones in DeKalb County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "wv-sb-658-local-control-2026-02-25", "jurisdiction": "West Virginia (SB 658 local control)", "state": "WV", "county": null, "lat": 38.3498, "lng": -81.6326, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-25", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "West Virginia Environmental Council", "West Virginia Center on Budget & Policy", "West Virginia Highlands Conservancy" ], "opposition_website": "https://wvecouncil.org/urgent-protect-local-control-electricity-ratepayers-take-action-on-hb-2014/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Would restore local government control over data center siting in West Virginia, reversing HB 2014 — the Power Generation and Consumption Act signed by Gov. Morrisey — which allows data centers to operate on independent microgrids and strips counties of jurisdiction over siting and size. Tucker County residents pushed for the bill amid growing backlash over development in their communities. Never received a committee hearing during the session that ended March 14, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://mountainstatespotlight.org/2026/02/25/lawmakers-block-data-center-bills/", "https://westvirginiawatch.com/2026/02/18/wv-house-passes-new-data-center-development-rules-without-local-control-water-protection-provisions/", "https://wchstv.com/news/local/bills-seek-transparency-local-control-over-west-virginia-data-center-sites", "https://mountainstatespotlight.org/2025/12/14/data-center-pushback-lawmakers-respond/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-14", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "SB 658 - Data Center Local Control Restoration", "bill_url": "https://www.wvlegislature.gov/Bill_Status/bills_history.cfm?input=658&year=2026&sessiontype=RS", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Restore local government authority over data centers in WV", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Joey Garcia (D-WV)" ] }, { "id": "virginia-budget-tax-exemption-va-2026-02-24", "jurisdiction": "Virginia (budget tax exemption fight)", "state": "VA", "county": null, "lat": 37.54, "lng": -77.436, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-24", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition", "Piedmont Environmental Council", "Good Jobs First" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.pecva.org/datacenters", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Virginia Senate budget proposes accelerating the data center tax exemption sunset from 2035 to January 2027, which would redirect $1.6B/year to tax rebates, transportation, and water infrastructure. The House budget preserves the exemption but adds clean energy requirements. The Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition, Piedmont Environmental Council, and Good Jobs First are pushing for the accelerated sunset. The General Assembly reconvenes April 22 to resolve the stalemate.", "sources": [ "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/02/24/senators-propose-phasing-out-data-center-tax-credit-house-budget-keeps-it/", "https://www.vpm.org/generalassembly/2026-03-12/budget-data-center-tax-break-scott-lucas-spanberger-torian-rephann", "https://www.wsls.com/news/local/2026/03/13/virginia-lawmakers-split-on-data-center-tax-incentives/", "https://introl.com/blog/virginia-data-center-tax-exemption-battle-2026" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-14", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "FY2027-28 Budget - Data Center Tax Exemption", "bill_url": "https://budget.lis.virginia.gov/amendment/2025/1/SB800/Introduced/CA/4-14/7S/", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "tax_incentive", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Accelerate data center tax exemption sunset in VA", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Louise Lucas (D-VA)" ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.kjzz.org/business/2025-12-11/maricopa-county-is-the-latest-arizona-government-to-set-up-data-center-zoning-rules", "https://www.bisnow.com/phoenix/news/data-center-community-relations/maricopa-county-to-modernize-zoning-rules-around-data-centers-132394" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": 10749, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Project Baccara" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "maricopa-county-zoning-ordinance-az-2025", "jurisdiction": "Maricopa County", "state": "AZ", "county": "Maricopa County", "lat": 33.3484, "lng": -112.4955, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-12-10", "status": "passed", "summary": "The Maricopa County, Arizona, Board of Supervisors unanimously approved a modernized zoning ordinance establishing specific rules for data center development, effective January 9, 2026. The new rules limit data centers to two industrial zoning districts (IND-2 and IND-3), requiring full rezoning for any other land.", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "opposition_website": "https://stopbaccara.com/", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-project-baccara-on-the-southern-border-of-surprise-az-in-maricopa-county", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Block data center rezoning in Maricopa County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.denverpost.com/2026/02/23/denver-data-center-coresite-elyria-swansea/", "https://denverite.com/2026/02/25/denver-data-center-public-meeting-outrage/", "https://coloradosun.com/2026/02/24/denver-data-center-moratorium-state-legislature-opposition/" ], "company": "CoreSite", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 75, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 15, "water_gallons_per_day": 805000, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Elyria-Swansea community residents", "GES Coalition" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "denver-elyria-swansea-co-2026", "jurisdiction": "Denver (Elyria-Swansea)", "state": "CO", "county": "Denver County", "lat": 39.7828, "lng": -104.9662, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-23", "status": "active", "summary": "In Colorado, CoreSite is building a 600,000-square-foot data center in Elyria-Swansea, One of the most polluted zip codes in the country (80216), which proceeded as a by-right use without community review. Hundreds packed a February 2026 meeting demanding transparency, and delivered a 'Good Neighbor' proposal. Denver's mayor subsequently joined calls for a moratorium.", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Mobilize opposition to CoreSite data center in Denver", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.kjzz.org/fronteras-desk/2026-03-30/tucson-public-has-until-end-of-month-to-weigh-in-on-proposed-amendment-for-data-centers", "https://www.kjzz.org/fronteras-desk/2026-04-06/tucson-leaders-will-discuss-a-proposal-on-data-center-restrictions-this-week", "https://www.tucsonsentinel.com/local/report/022026_datacenter_zoning/tucson-considers-new-zoning-rules-data-centers/", { "url": "https://www.kjzz.org/fronteras-desk/2026-06-04/tucson-officials-move-closer-to-passing-tighter-rules-for-data-center-development", "title": "Tucson officials move closer to passing tighter data center rules" }, { "url": "https://news.azpm.org/p/environmentnews/2026/6/5/230034-tucson-planning-commission-has-more-questions-about-proposed-data-center-regulations/", "title": "Tucson Planning Commission has more questions about proposed data center regulations — AZPM" } ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Tucson Clean Energy Coalition" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "tucson-az-zoning-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "Tucson", "state": "AZ", "county": "Pima County", "lat": 32.2226, "lng": -110.9747, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-06-17", "status": "pending", "summary": "Tucson, Arizona is advancing a Unified Development Code (UDC) amendment to regulate data centers. The proposed amendment requires a minimum 400 ft setback from residential uses, mandates a developer-hosted neighborhood meeting, eliminates by-right entitlement by requiring a Zoning Examiner public hearing, and requires demonstration of adequate water supply. Public notification is expanded to a half-mile radius (vs. current 400 ft). The amendment remains on an active agenda following the April 6 study session; city council action is expected in the coming weeks. On June 3, 2026, Tucson’s Planning Commission advanced tighter rules for data centers larger than 25,000 sq ft or 20 MW (stricter residential setbacks, noise/grid/decommissioning/habitat standards, and Planned Area Development approval instead of by-right). ~200 participated and hearings were extended, with a recommendation to mayor/council due within ~45 days; the city also launched a Large Quantity Water User (>7M gal/month) disclosure program. [Update 2026-06-22: UPDATE to Tucson's draft large-scale data center zoning regulations. The Tucson Planning Commission held a follow-up public hearing June 17, 2026 (after its June 3 session where it took no final action but voted unanimously to fold in public comments and energy updates). The proposed PAD-style rules would apply to data center projects larger than 25,000...]", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Adopt data center zoning standards in Tucson", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/land-developer-vermaland-plans-33bn-data-center-in-arizona/", "https://www.pinalcentral.com/maricopa_monitor/news/pinal-supervisors-approve-3-data-center-projects-with-some-concern/article_a6f448f1-f8b2-4eda-a1da-d70d9b921f8c.html", "https://azbex.com/planning-development/pinal-pz-recommends-data-center-energy-master-plan-rezone/", "https://pinalpost.com/commission-advances-la-osa-data-center-rezoning-and-development-plan/", "https://ktar.com/arizona-business/data-center-hub-clears-hurdle/5848990/" ], "company": "Vermaland LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 3000, "investment_usd": 33000000000, "acreage": 3300, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "RAZE (Rural Arizona Engagement)", "No Desert Data Center Coalition" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "pinal-county-az-moratorium-2026-01", "jurisdiction": "Pinal County", "state": "AZ", "county": "Pinal County", "lat": 32.7574, "lng": -111.5712, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-14", "status": "approved", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "summary": "Despite community opposition from RAZE and the Ak-Chin Indian Community, Pinal County, Arizona, approved three major data center projects in November 2025 totaling ~3,900 acres, including the $33 billion Vermaland 'La Osa' project near Eloy. On April 16, 2026, the Pinal County Planning and Zoning Commission voted 7-2 to recommend approval of rezoning for the 3,385-acre La Osa Energy Center south of Eloy. The project includes up to 59 data center buildings (~400,000 sq ft each), two on-site gas-fired power plants, and battery energy storage systems. Estimated construction cost is $10 billion or more. The recommendation now moves to the Pinal County Board of Supervisors for final action.", "opposition_website": "https://www.raze.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/RuralAZEngage/", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "noise", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Challenge three data center approvals totaling 3,900 acres in Pinal County", "community_outcome": "loss", "investment_million_usd": 33000 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.stgeorgeutah.com/news/hundreds-pack-iron-county-hearing-as-residents-voice-concerns-over-proposed-ai-data-center/article_21d47585-32c8-4f77-9a2d-adc3f5e388d5.html", "https://www.ksl.com/article/51463149/planning-commission-considers-ai-data-center-near-cedar-city", { "url": "https://www.ksl.com/article/51507699/iron-county-planning-commission-approves-conditional-use-permit-for-antelope-data-campus", "title": "Iron County Planning Commission approves Antelope CUP" }, { "url": "https://www.sltrib.com/news/2026/06/06/iron-county-planning-commission/", "title": "Iron County Planning Commission approves data center" }, { "url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/640-acre-data-center-could-be-built-in-iron-county-utah/", "title": "640-acre data center could be built in Iron County, Utah" } ], "company": "Pronghorn Development", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 1500, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 640, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": 350, "opposition_groups": [ "Iron County Citizens for Responsible Growth", "Defending Utah" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "iron-county-ut-opposition-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "Iron County", "state": "UT", "county": "Iron County", "lat": 37.8493, "lng": -113.0619, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-06-04", "status": "approved", "last_updated": "2026-06-08", "summary": "In Iron County, Utah, 350+ residents packed Festival Hall on March 5, 2026 for a hearing on the Antelope Data Center proposed for 640 acres on Antelope Springs Road, 15 miles NW of Cedar City. Of 15+ speakers over 2 hours, only one supported the project. Concerns: water (2.6M gallon initial fill), utility prices, farmland loss, noise, pollution. On June 4-5, 2026, the Iron County Planning Commission unanimously approved a conditional-use permit for the Antelope Data Center (developer Pronghorn Development LLC) — 640 acres, ~5 buildings and 300 MW — which proceeded despite the County Commission’s new 180-day moratorium because its application was already deemed \"complete.\" No hyperscaler is named. The June 4 CUP approval was unanimous and carries 62 conditions (water rights, wastewater, roads, wildlife, noise, lighting, cultural surveys, site restoration) — more than every prior Iron County project combined. The Pronghorn 'Antelope' campus is 640 acres, up to five buildings totaling ~6.75 million sq ft with an on-site natural-gas plant up to 1.5 GW, phased over 8-10 years. It was exempt from the county's new 180-day moratorium because its application was deemed complete beforehand. Residents held up 'appeal' signs, but no formal appeal had been filed as of June 7.", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Block Antelope Data Center on 640 acres near Cedar City over water and farmland loss", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.abc4.com/news/central-utah/millard-county-solar-project-ai-centers-public-opposition/", "https://pv-magazine-usa.com/2026/03/11/creekstone-energy-secures-13000-acre-lease-for-1-gw-solar-project-in-utah/", "https://www.utahbusiness.com/press-releases/2026/04/22/creekstone-energy-secures-largest-solar-lease-utah-millard-county-delta/", "https://www.ksl.com/article/51487925/creekstone-energy-secures-largest-solar-lease-in-utah-history-to-help-power-delta-gigasite/" ], "company": "Creekstone Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 1000, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 13000, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Millard County Residents Against Solar Farm" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "millard-county-ut-solar-2026-01", "jurisdiction": "Millard County", "state": "UT", "county": "Millard County", "lat": 39.0735, "lng": -112.6428, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-22", "status": "approved", "summary": "Millard County, Utah, Commission approved rezoning of 4,400+ acres from agricultural to forest/range for Creekstone Energy solar farm to power AI data centers, despite resident opposition. On April 22, 2026, Creekstone Energy announced it executed a long-term solar lease with Utah's School and Institutional Trust Lands Administration (TLA) covering approximately 13,000 acres of state trust lands in Millard County — the largest solar lease in Utah history. Millard County granted zoning approval for utility-scale solar development on the initial phase. Creekstone plans to develop more than 1 gigawatt of solar generating capacity over 18 months to support the Delta Gigasite, a 20-million-square-foot data center campus targeting 10 GW total capacity.", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Rezone 4,400+ acres from agricultural for Creekstone Energy solar farm powering AI data centers", "community_outcome": "loss", "project_name": "Delta Gigasite", "megawatts": 1000 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/groups-sue-to-stall-data-center-project-in-do%C3%B1a-ana-county-new-mexico/", "https://nmelc.org/2026/02/09/nmelc-files-lawsuit-against-dona-ana-county-commission-for-oma-violations/", "https://www.courthousenews.com/nonprofit-sues-to-block-165-billion-openai-data-center-in-rural-new-mexico/" ], "company": "OpenAI", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": 165000000000, "acreage": 1400, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Empowerment Congress of Doña Ana County", "New Mexico Environmental Law Center" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "dona-ana-county-nm-lawsuit-2026-01", "jurisdiction": "Doña Ana County", "state": "NM", "county": "Doña Ana County", "lat": 32.3514, "lng": -106.7464, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-01-28", "status": "active", "summary": "Two lawsuits filed against Doña Ana County, New Mexico, over 'Project Jupiter' — a 1,400-acre data center complex near Sunland Park with $165B in Industrial Revenue Bonds (by OpenAI). Empowerment Congress and NMELC allege Open Meetings Act violations and improper LEDA tax rebates. Project includes natural gas power plants and desalination plant. Could emit more greenhouse gases than Albuquerque and Las Cruces combined.", "issue_category": [ "contract_guarantees", "environmental", "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Sue over open meeting violations in OpenAI approval", "community_outcome": "pending", "investment_million_usd": 165000, "last_updated": "2026-04-13" }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://www.azleg.gov/legtext/57leg/1R/bills/HB2795P.htm", "https://azmirror.com/briefs/bill-to-fast-track-small-nuclear-reactors-for-data-centers-advances-in-senate/", "https://www.utilitydive.com/news/arizona-smr-nuclear-environmental-review-bill-aps-srp/742564/", { "url": "https://fastdemocracy.com/bill-search/az/57th-2nd-regular/bills/AZB00020922/", "title": "AZ HB 2795 bill history" } ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "arizona-hb-2795-smr-2026", "jurisdiction": "Arizona", "state": "AZ", "county": null, "lat": 33.4484, "lng": -112.074, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-03", "status": "failed", "bill_name": "HB 2795 - SMR Local Preemption", "bill_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/legtext/57leg/2R/bills/HB2795P.htm", "summary": "In Arizona, HB 2795 would prohibit counties (<500K pop) from denying zoning approval for small modular reactors after federal design certification and site permitting. Allows SMR construction colocated with large industrial users (data centers) without ACC environmental compatibility certificate. Cleared House on party-line vote Feb 26, advancing to Senate. Gov. Hobbs vetoed similar bill in 2025. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: HB 2795 (industry-friendly SMR county-zoning preemption) failed Senate third reading 15-13-2 on April 8, 2026 and never reached the governor.", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Allow SMR colocation with data centers in Arizona counties", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Michael Carbone (R-AZ)" ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/600mw-natural-gas-powered-data-center-campus-proposed-in-hubbard-texas/", "https://hillsbororeporter.com/nexus-lays-out-hubbard-data-center-plan-p31318-54.htm", "https://wacobridge.org/2026/01/14/town-hall-questions-on-lake-whitney-data-center-echo-mclennan-county-debate/" ], "company": "Nexus Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 612, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 270, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": 5925, "opposition_groups": [ "Hill County Concerned Citizens" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "hill-county-tx-opposition-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "Hill County", "state": "TX", "county": "Hill County", "lat": 31.9913, "lng": -97.1302, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-12", "status": "active", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "summary": "Nexus Data Centers filed plans for a 600-megawatt data center campus in Whitney, Hill County, with an initial $750 million building due by October 2026. Residents packed a town hall citing water use from Lake Whitney (a petition with 6,000 signatures), noise, and tax abatements. The opposition has become a key issue in the 2026 Republican primary for Texas Senate District 22.", "issue_category": [ "noise", "tax_incentive", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "6000-signature petition opposing data center in Hill County", "community_outcome": "pending", "investment_million_usd": 750, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/save-lake-whitney-stop-the-water-reallocation" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://buckscountybeacon.com/2025/08/not-everyone-is-sold-on-the-benefits-of-amazons-data-center-coming-to-falls-township/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03032026/pennsylvania-data-center-resistance/" ], "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": 20000000000, "acreage": 1800, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Falls Township Residents Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "falls-township-pa-amazon-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "Falls Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Bucks County", "lat": 40.1762, "lng": -74.7872, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-20", "status": "approved", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "summary": "Amazon is building a 1-million-square-foot data center on 1,800 acres at the Keystone Trade Center in Falls Township, Bucks County, fast-tracked through Governor Shapiro's PA Permit Fast Track Program. Falls Township Residents Against Data Centers organized opposition, citing energy grid strain, increased electricity rates, and diesel generator impacts. A regional survey found 42% of SE Pennsylvania residents object to data centers vs 34% in support. The project was approved despite community concerns.", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Oppose Amazon data center in Falls Township", "community_outcome": "loss", "investment_million_usd": 20000 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/02/13/texas-data-centers-local-governments-power/", "https://www.kbtx.com/2025/09/17/bryan-annexes-land-near-rellis-campus-with-potential-retail-data-center-use/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 160, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "bryan-tx-zoning-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "Bryan", "state": "TX", "county": "Brazos County", "lat": 30.6744, "lng": -96.3698, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-09-16", "status": "passed", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "summary": "Bryan, Texas, City Council proactively annexed 162 acres near the RELLIS campus and adopted a Planned Development zoning district allowing data centers with stricter-than-normal standards including increased setbacks, noise requirements, and screening specifications. No data center project has been formally proposed yet. The preemptive zoning measures represent a community win in establishing regulations before development pressure arrives.", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Adopt data center zoning standards in Bryan", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.wbng.com/2026/03/12/oneonta-town-board-introduces-12-month-moratorium-ai-data-centers/", "https://www.thedailystar.com/news/local_news/oneonta-town-board-sets-public-hearing-on-data-center-moratorium/article_369cff18-b2d9-465e-ac44-211dd075f1b8.html", "https://www.allotsego.com/town-of-oneonta-moves-toward-data-center-ban/" ], "company": "Eco-Yotta Inc.", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 150, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": 700, "opposition_groups": [ "Oneonta Residents Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "oneonta-ny-moratorium-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "Oneonta", "state": "NY", "county": "Otsego County", "lat": 42.4534, "lng": -75.0635, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-12", "status": "passed", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "summary": "The Oneonta, New York, Town Board passed a 12-month moratorium on AI data centers in March 2026 after residents presented more than 700 signatures, prompted by Eco-Yotta Inc.'s plans to rezone 150 acres of farmland. This came weeks after the nearby Town of Dryden instituted an outright ban following its own 18-month moratorium. May 15, 2026: The Town of Oneonta (Otsego County) board unanimously approved a 12-month moratorium on AI data centers and crypto-mining facilities after a 700+ resident petition; the board signaled it may pursue a permanent ban. Company: Eco-Yotta (County Road 9).", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 12-month data centers moratorium in Oneonta (Eco-Yotta)", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.newarkpostonline.com/news/data-center-complex-proposed-near-newark/article_25f31b5b-71d7-4975-9ace-213c3dbf35ff.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/verdantas-proposes-new-data-center-in-newark-delaware/" ], "company": "Verdantas", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 44, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "White Clay Creek Conservation Alliance" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "newark-de-white-clay-2026-01", "jurisdiction": "Newark", "state": "DE", "county": "New Castle County", "lat": 39.6837, "lng": -75.7497, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-01-30", "status": "active", "summary": "Verdantas/Shelbourne proposed an 847,000 sq ft data center complex on a 44-acre site at the White Clay Center Industrial Park off Ogletown Road in Newark, DE. The proposal would demolish seven existing buildings and replace them with a three-building data center campus. Site is owned by NY-based Shelbourne (8M sq ft commercial real estate portfolio). The location is outside Delaware's Coastal Zone and is in zoning that already allows data center projects. Critically, the New Castle County Council passed new data center regulations in March 2026 that explicitly do NOT apply to the White Clay project (or other in-pipeline proposals) — only to newly proposed projects. The project remains in early stages of approval.", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Block 847,000 sq ft data center replacing White Clay Corporate Center in Newark", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.chronicle-tribune.com/news/commissioners-pass-data-center-moratorium/article_a55a569b-62b5-578c-912e-f183d461f1b9.html", "https://stateline.org/2026/03/06/temporarily-banning-data-centers-draws-more-interest-from-state-local-officials/", "https://www.govtech.com/products/residents-push-indiana-community-toward-halt-on-data-centers" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Action Coalition of Indiana" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "grant-county-in-moratorium-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "Grant County", "state": "IN", "county": "Grant County", "lat": 40.5153, "lng": -85.6614, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-02", "status": "passed", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "summary": "Grant County Commissioners passed a 24-month moratorium on data centers on March 2, 2026. The Area Plan Commission began drafting ordinance language focusing on transparency, resource impacts, and local benefits, including questions about client disclosure and annual energy/water reporting. Opposition was led by Citizens Action Coalition of Indiana. The community successfully achieved its objective.", "opposition_website": "https://www.citact.org/", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 24-month data centers moratorium in Grant County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.fox32chicago.com/news/hundreds-speak-out-joliet-considers-largest-data-center-state", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/proposal-for-20bn-data-center-outside-chicago-recommended-for-approval-by-local-planning-commission/", "https://www.shawlocal.com/the-herald-news/2026/03/06/joliet-data-center-moving-forward-fast-after-plan-commission-ok/", "https://therealdeal.com/chicago/2026/03/17/joliet-delays-vote-on-hillwood-data-center/", "https://www.shawlocal.com/the-herald-news/2026/03/17/joliet-city-council-moves-vote-on-data-center-to-thursday/", "https://www.chicagotribune.com/2026/03/17/joliet-city-council-data-center-vote/", "https://patch.com/illinois/joliet/joliet-technology-center-vote-city-counci-goes-8-1-audience-claps-approval", "https://www.shawlocal.com/the-herald-news/2026/03/20/joliet-oks-controversial-795-acre-data-center/", "https://www.bisnow.com/chicago/news/data-center-development/joliet-oks-20b-data-center-as-illinois-seeks-to-make-large-developers-pay-more-for-projects-133777", "https://abc7chicago.com/post/data-centers-illinois-city-council-approves-plans-joliet-center-bernhard-rowell-east-speedway/18737463/" ], "company": "Hillwood/PowerHouse Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 1800, "investment_usd": 20000000000, "acreage": 795, "water_gallons_per_day": 150000, "petition_signatures": 5000, "opposition_groups": [ "Joliet Residents Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "joliet-il-opposition-2026-01", "jurisdiction": "Joliet", "state": "IL", "county": "Will County", "lat": 41.525, "lng": -88.0817, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-20", "status": "approved", "summary": "795-acre data center (Hillwood/PowerHouse) on south Joliet farmland above depleting aquifer. Plan Commission approved 7-1 despite 4+ hours of opposition testimony. Hundreds packed City Hall. Would be largest data center in Illinois. Plan Commission approved 7-1 on March 5. At the March 17 City Council meeting, a marathon 6.5-hour public hearing forced a recess -- vote delayed to Thursday March 19 due to election day restrictions. Developers promise $100M community contribution, 7,000-10,000 construction jobs, and 700 permanent jobs. Would be the largest data center in Illinois at $20B, 1.8GW, 795 acres. Joliet City Council approved the $20B PowerHouse/Hillwood campus 8-1 on March 20 after a 6.5-hour public hearing. Only Councilmember Suzanna Ibarra voted no.", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "investment_million_usd": 20000, "megawatts": 1800, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Rally against Hillwood data center in Joliet", "community_outcome": "loss", "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 150000, "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Microsoft': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.insideindianabusiness.com/articles/another-potential-data-center-entering-lake-county", "https://www.chicagotribune.com/2025/12/19/lake-county-plan-commission-mulls-data-center-proposal-near-lowell/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": 5000000000, "acreage": 160, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Action Coalition", "Hoosier Action" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "lake-county-in-zoning-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "Lake County", "state": "IN", "county": "Lake County", "lat": 41.473, "lng": -87.337, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-18", "status": "passed", "summary": "Lake County, Indiana, Council approved stringent data center regulations: only permitted in industrial zones with special approval, 200-ft setbacks from residential/agricultural, 55dB noise max, underground utilities, decommissioning plans, and annual firefighter training requirements. The project involves 160 acres. Opposition was led by Citizens Action Coalition and Hoosier Action. Key concerns driving this action include zoning concerns. The community successfully achieved its objective.", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "contract_guarantees", "design_standards", "farmland", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 55 dB noise limit on data centers in Lake County", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_website": null }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://ohiosenate.gov/members/kent-smith/news/smith-senate-democrats-in-calling-for-bipartisan-data-center-accountability-legislation", "https://ohiocapitaljournal.com/2026/02/09/ohio-democrats-offer-slate-of-bills-reining-in-data-centers/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Ohio Consumers' Counsel" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "ohio-senate-dems-package-2026", "jurisdiction": "Ohio", "state": "OH", "county": null, "lat": 39.9612, "lng": -82.9988, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-05", "status": "pending", "bill_name": "Senate Democrats Data Center Accountability Package", "summary": "Sen. Kent Smith (D-Euclid) introduced a package of 6+ bills targeting data center impacts in Ohio: the Data Center Grid Cost Responsibility Act, a Tax Break Ban, the Powering Ohio Communities Act, the Local Development Protection Act, the Power Reliability and Fairness Act, and the Responsible Water Use Act which would cap daily water use at 5 million gallons. The Ohio Consumers' Counsel endorsed the package. The bills are pending committee action.", "bill_url": "https://ohiosenate.gov/members/kent-smith/news/smith-senate-democrats-in-calling-for-bipartisan-data-center-accountability-legislation", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Six-bill legislative package addressing data center grid costs, tax breaks, and water use in Ohio", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Kent Smith (D-OH)" ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.wctv.tv/2026/01/20/thomas-county-board-commissioners-approve-12-month-pause-ai-data-centers-coming-area/", "https://goodjobsfirst.org/data-center-moratorium-bills-are-spreading-in-2026/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Thomas County residents" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "thomas-county-ga-moratorium-2026-01", "jurisdiction": "Thomas County", "state": "GA", "county": "Thomas County", "lat": 30.8364, "lng": -83.9196, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-01-20", "status": "passed", "last_updated": "2026-03-16", "summary": "Thomas County, Georgia, Board of Commissioners unanimously approved a 12-month moratorium on AI data center construction in January 2026. Commission Chair Mark NeSmith said the board was 'certainly not anti-data centers' but preferred to be proactive in protecting the community while gathering more information.", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 12-month data centers moratorium in Thomas County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.walb.com/2026/02/16/2nd-south-georgia-county-moves-dissolve-industrial-authority-what-it-could-mean-future-data-center-builds/", "https://www.change.org/p/protect-irwin-county-from-data-centers", "https://wwals.net/2026/03/16/irwinville-data-center-withdrawn-by-applicant-irwin-county-commission-2026-03-02/", "https://wwals.net/2026/03/02/datacenter-special-exception-public-hearing-irwin-county-commission-2026-03-02/", "https://wwals.net/2026/03/24/suggested-additional-sections-for-irwin-county-datacenter-ordinance-wwals-2026-03-17/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 1000, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 546, "water_gallons_per_day": 1000000, "petition_signatures": 608, "opposition_groups": [ "Suwannee Riverkeeper", "WWALS Watershed Coalition", "WWALS Watershed Coalition (Suwannee Riverkeeper)" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "irwin-county-ga-opposition-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "Irwin County", "state": "GA", "county": "Irwin County", "lat": 31.6002, "lng": -83.2767, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2026-03-02", "status": "cancelled", "summary": "Google proposed a 1GW data center on 546 acres near Irwinville in an agricultural zone. The Irwin County, Georgia, Planning Commission voted to recommend approval on Feb 26, 2026. However, the applicant withdrew the application on March 2, 2026 before the County Commission could vote, without prejudice to filing a similar application in the future. Opposition was led by Suwannee Riverkeeper/WWALS Watershed Coalition and concerned residents who raised alarms about water usage (1M+ gallons/day), impacts on the Alapaha River, noise, and farmland loss. Following the withdrawal, Irwin County began developing a data center ordinance, with a public hearing held March 17.", "opposition_website": "https://wwals.net/", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/protect-irwin-county-from-data-centers", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland", "noise", "water" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Petition to block Google data center in Irwin County", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Google attribution was speculative per the petition, not the actual applicant. Applicant of record is James Russell Bryant / Marcus D. Fletcher Trust; the rezoning was withdrawn on 2026-03-02", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://mississippitoday.org/2026/03/10/clarksdale-data-center-proposal/", "https://wreg.com/news/clarksdale-hosts-town-hall-meeting-on-potential-new-data-center/", "https://mississippitoday.org/2026/03/24/clarksdale-data-center-rezoning/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 648, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Roundyard Neighborhood Residents" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "clarksdale-ms-opposition-2026-01", "jurisdiction": "Clarksdale", "state": "MS", "county": "Coahoma County", "lat": 34.2001, "lng": -90.571, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-24", "status": "approved", "summary": "Clarksdale, Mississippi, Board of Commissioners voted on March 24, 2026, to rezone a 648-acre site between Sunflower River and Roundyard neighborhood from commercial/agricultural to light industrial for a potential data center. The rezoning came with three conditions: a one-time $5 million impact fee, the developer paying for all public utility improvements, and a 1,000-foot setback from residential areas. Earlier board meetings in January were contentious, with the board tabling the vote after a failed motion. No developer has yet filed an application. The site lies along U.S. 278 and Tallahatchie Street, and the vote is described as only 'the beginning of the conversation' about data centers in Clarksdale.", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "contract_guarantees", "design_standards", "farmland", "tax_incentive", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Block rezoning of 648-acre data center site near Sunflower River in Clarksdale", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "scope": "statewide", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/AL/bill/HB399/2026", "https://alabamareflector.com/2026/03/13/what-passed-in-the-alabama-legislature-march-10-12-2026/", "https://aldailynews.com/lawmakers-aim-to-address-affordability-with-restrictions-on-power-providers-changes-to-utility-governance/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "alabama-hb-399-2026", "jurisdiction": "Alabama", "state": "AL", "county": null, "lat": 32.3617, "lng": -86.2792, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-12", "status": "passed", "bill_name": "HB 399 - Data Center Abatement Limits", "bill_url": "https://legiscan.com/AL/bill/HB399/2026", "summary": "Alabama HB 399, sponsored by Rep. Hulsey (R-Helena), is the House companion to SB 265. Limits tax abatements for data center projects over $200M to 20 years, down from the current 30-year maximum. Requires data centers consuming 100+ MW to pay state sales and use taxes allocated to the General Fund, effective January 1, 2027. Passed House 103-0; Senate unanimously passed amended version (April 9, 2026); House concurred and bill was sent to Gov. Ivey's desk. Gov. Ivey publicly supports the legislation as part of a package to lower costs for families.", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "issue_category": [ "contract_guarantees", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Limit data center tax abatements to 20 years and require 100MW+ sales tax payments (HB 399)", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Leigh Hulsey (R-AL)" ] }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.wctrib.com/news/minnesota/nobles-county-planning-commission-votes-to-keep-data-center-out-of-ag-preservation-area", "https://www.dakotanewsnow.com/2026/04/09/nobles-county-residents-pushing-back-proposed-data-center/", "https://www.dglobe.com/news/local/nobles-county-planning-commission-votes-against-data-centers-in-ag-district", "https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/04/21/nobles-county-board-to-vote-on-whether-to-allow-massive-data-centers-on-farm-land", "https://www.startribune.com/southwest-minnesota-board-says-no-to-proposed-4-billion-data-center-complex/601786193", "https://www.dglobe.com/news/local/geronimo-power-to-seek-alternative-sites-for-data-center" ], "company": "Geronimo Power", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": 640, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": 877, "opposition_groups": [ "Nobles County Residents Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "nobles-county-mn-opposition-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "Nobles County", "state": "MN", "county": "Nobles County", "lat": 43.6694, "lng": -95.7472, "action_type": [ "permit_denial", "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "defeated", "summary": "Nobles County (MN) Board of Commissioners voted 3-2 on April 21, 2026 to deny a zoning change that would have allowed Geronimo Power's proposed $4 billion, ~640-acre data center campus on farmland near Worthington — the change would have permitted data centers in agricultural preservation districts covering roughly 70-80% of the county. A packed room of farmers and residents applauded the decision; Geronimo CEO Blake Nixon said the company will seek alternative sites. The vote caps months of community opposition.", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-nobles-county-mega-data-center-before-it-reshapes-our-rural-communities", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Reject data centers in agricultural preservation district and pursue environmental review in Nobles County", "community_outcome": "win", "investment_million_usd": 4000 }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.mncenter.org/data-centers-lawsuits", "https://www.mncenter.org/latest-our-data-center-lawsuits-mceas-chief-legal-officer", "https://www.southernminn.com/faribault_daily_news/news/state/mcea-files-appeal-against-faribault-for-inadequate-environmental-review-for-proposed-data-center-impacts/article_ec54a331-7b27-42f0-99b1-308fae7080d0.html" ], "company": "Archer Datacenters", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "faribault-mn-mcea-lawsuit-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "Faribault", "state": "MN", "county": "Rice County", "lat": 44.295, "lng": -93.2688, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-02-15", "status": "active", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "summary": "The Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy (MCEA) filed an appeal against the City of Faribault over an 'inadequate' environmental review of Archer Datacenters' proposal on 87.6 acres. MCEA alleges the developer dropped estimated greenhouse gas emissions by 98% between draft and final stages without explanation, and failed to analyze cumulative impacts from the wave of nearby data center proposals. The appeal is active and pending resolution.", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "transparency", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge data center air permits in Faribault", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "D", "sources": [ "https://www.potomaclocal.com/2026/03/04/prince-william-supervisors-move-to-end-by-right-data-centers-in-overlay-district-but-approve-controversial-hornbaker-project-in-4-3-vote/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/03/17/data-center-bills-dominated-this-years-general-assembly-heres-what-passed/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition to Protect Prince William County" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "prince-william-county-va-moratorium-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "Prince William County", "state": "VA", "county": "Prince William County", "lat": 38.6581, "lng": -77.2816, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-03", "status": "pending", "summary": "Prince William County, Virginia, Board of Supervisors voted to eliminate by-right approval for data centers in the Data Center Opportunity Zone Overlay District, requiring special use permits for all future facilities. Republican Supervisor Tom Gordy said the overlay 'has outlived its useful purpose' and suggested ending it outright. The same meeting controversially approved the Hornbaker Road data center outside the overlay in a 4-3 vote despite heated public opposition.", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "End by-right data center approvals in Prince William overlay zone", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.pecva.org/region/culpeper/support-more-data-center-regulation-in-culpeper-county/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/two-data-center-campuses-totaling-446-million-sq-ft-seek-zoning-permission-in-virginias-culpeper-county/" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Piedmont Environmental Council" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "culpeper-county-va-zoning-2026-01", "jurisdiction": "Culpeper County", "state": "VA", "county": "Culpeper County", "lat": 38.4734, "lng": -77.9967, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-09-02", "status": "passed", "summary": "Culpeper County, Virginia, unanimously required conditional use permits for data centers on industrial land in September 2025, impacting 3,000+ acres across 140+ parcels that previously allowed by-right construction. Five projects in the Culpeper Technology Zone remain vested. The Piedmont Environmental Council and Coalition to Save Culpeper pushed for the stronger regulations.", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Require conditional use permits in Culpeper County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "scope": "local", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": "R", "sources": [ "https://www.pecva.org/region/fauquier/gigaland/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/plans-for-800mw-gigaland-data-center-campus-withdrawn-in-fauquier-county-virginia/", "https://www.fauquier.com/localnews/gigaland-resubmits-scaled-down-data-center-project/article_86348ee7-cefa-4d0f-b28c-33ced39ae9ff.html", "https://www.fauquiernow.com/news/business/fauquier-supervisors-request-dominion-bury-transmission-lines-provide-more-information-on-high-load-clients/article_2f6014f2-27e9-4e17-8343-d5abbfb8da0f.html", "https://www.fauquiernow.com/news/fauquier-planning-commission-rejects-dominion-energy-substation-expansion-in-sumerduck/article_001c92e4-5fea-41a5-b85a-cdbbac97e3b1.html" ], "company": "GigaLand LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 800, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens for Fauquier County", "Protect Fauquier", "Piedmont Environmental Council" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "fauquier-county-va-opposition-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "Fauquier County", "state": "VA", "county": "Fauquier County", "lat": 38.7241, "lng": -77.8083, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "infrastructure_opposition" ], "date": "2026-02-20", "status": "active", "summary": "GigaLand LLC resubmitted a scaled-down data center proposal near Remington after withdrawing the original in September 2025, reducing building space by 55% (from 2.2M to 998,662 sq ft) and cutting substation capacity from 1.2 GW to 600 MW, with a $3 billion estimated cost on 202 acres. On April 7, 2026, the Fauquier County Board of Supervisors adopted two resolutions targeting Dominion Energy: (1) opposing the Valley Link Joshua Falls to Yeat transmission line project, and (2) demanding Dominion bury transmission lines and reveal its high-load clients (data centers). The Planning Commission had previously recommended denial of the Morrisville substation expansion (4-1 vote).", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Block GigaLand LLC's $3B, 600 MW data center on 202 acres near Remington", "community_outcome": "pending", "investment_million_usd": 3000 }, { "scope": "federal", "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "sources": [ "https://watsoncoleman.house.gov/newsroom/press-releases/rep-watson-coleman-introduces-bill-to-study-impact-of-ai-data-centers-on-local-communities", "https://www.eenews.net/articles/bill-would-mandate-a-hard-look-at-data-center-safety/", "https://www.tapinto.net/towns/hillsborough/articles/central-jersey-rep-bonnie-watson-coleman-introduces-bill-to-study-impact-of-ai-data-centers-on-local-communities" ], "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [ "NRDC", "Climate Justice Alliance", "GreenLatinos", "Food & Water Watch" ], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "federal-datacenter-community-impact-act-2026", "jurisdiction": "United States", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-06", "status": "pending", "bill_name": "Data Center Community Impact Act", "bill_url": "https://watsoncoleman.house.gov/newsroom/press-releases/rep-watson-coleman-introduces-bill-to-study-impact-of-ai-data-centers-on-local-communities", "summary": "Authorizes a federal study on the environmental, economic, and public health impacts of data centers, with a focus on communities of color and low-income communities. Requires the Secretary of Energy to conduct the study and report findings to Congress. Endorsed by NRDC, Climate Justice Alliance, GreenLatinos, Food & Water Watch.", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Authorize federal study on data center impacts in communities of color and low-income areas", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Bonnie Watson Coleman (D-NJ)", "Rep. Rashida Tlaib (D-MI)" ] }, { "id": "iowa-hf-2261-ia-2026", "jurisdiction": "Iowa", "state": "IA", "county": null, "lat": 41.5868, "lng": -93.625, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "dead", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "sources": [ "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/legislation/BillBook?ga=91&ba=HF+2261", "https://legiscan.com/IA/bill/HF2690/2025", { "url": "https://iowacapitaldispatch.com/2026/05/04/the-2026-legislative-session-is-over-heres-what-passed-failed-and-what-is-already-iowa-law/", "title": "Iowa 2026 session recap" } ], "data_source": "agent_research", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "HF 2261", "bill_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/legislation/BillBook?ga=91&ba=HF+2261", "summary": "In Iowa, originally filed as HF 2447, Renumbered to HF 2690 after committee approval on Feb 23, 2026. Amendment H-8214 filed March 12. Key provisions: quarterly water/energy reporting, public disclosure within 30 days, separate utility rate class for data centers using 20+ MW. Sponsored by Rep. Cindy Golding (R-Cedar Rapids). First-of-its-kind legislation targeting water utilities specifically. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: HF 2261 (renumbered HF 2690; transparency/rate-class) did not reach the governor; Iowa sine die May 3, 2026.", "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require quarterly water and energy reporting from data centers using 20+ MW in Iowa (HF 2690)", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Cindy Golding (R-IA)" ] }, { "county": null, "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "federal-hr-6983-price-act-2026", "jurisdiction": "United States", "state": "US", "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-08", "status": "pending", "scope": "federal", "sources": [ "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/6983", "https://menendez.house.gov/media/press-releases/-menendez-casar-introduce-groundbreaking-legislation-to-protect-americans-from-financial-and-environmental-impacts-of-ai-data-centers" ], "bill_name": "H.R. 6983 - PRICE Act", "bill_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/6983", "summary": "The PRICE Act (Preventing Rate Inflation in Consumer Energy), HR6983, introduced by Reps. Rob Menendez (D-NJ) and Greg Casar (D-TX), would require data center operators to generate all electricity on-site rather than drawing from the grid. The bill mandates 75% renewable energy by 2035 and 100% by 2040, with civil penalties up to $100,000 per day for violations. Endorsed by the Consumer Federation of America and Evergreen Action, the companion Data Center Transparency Act (HR6984) would require EPA and EIA to collect quarterly environmental and energy data from every US data center.", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Require data centers to generate 100% of electricity on-site", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Rob Menendez (D-NJ)" ] }, { "county": null, "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "federal-hr-6179-clean-cloud-act-house-2025", "jurisdiction": "United States", "state": "US", "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-11-20", "status": "pending", "scope": "federal", "sources": [ "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/6179", "https://cohen.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/congressman-cohen-introduces-clean-cloud-act", "https://www.epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2025/4/whitehouse-fetterman-introduce-clean-cloud-act-to-create-emissions-standard-for-ai-cryptomining-facilities" ], "bill_name": "H.R. 6179 - Clean Cloud Act (House)", "bill_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/6179", "summary": "HR 6179, the Clean Cloud Act of 2025, was introduced by Rep. Steve Cohen (D-TN) — the House companion to S.1475 by Senate Democrats. Establishes emission standards for high-demand energy users (data centers and cryptominers). Beginning 2026, mandates collection of detailed electricity usage and emissions data from facilities >100 kW installed power. Beginning 2026, fees on electricity utilities serving these facilities based on GHG emissions, base rate $20/ton above regional baseline, increasing annually by inflation plus $10. Region-specific baselines reduce 11%/year through 2034 reaching net-zero by 2035. Referred to House Energy and Commerce Committee. Bill remains in committee with little movement as of early 2026. Companion to Sen. Whitehouse's S.1475.", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Establish emissions fee system for data centers (House companion)", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Steve Cohen (D-TN)" ] }, { "county": null, "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "federal-hr-5227-rural-ai-act-2025", "jurisdiction": "United States", "state": "US", "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-09-09", "status": "pending", "scope": "federal", "sources": [ "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/5227", "https://costa.house.gov/media/press-releases/news-representatives-costa-moore-call-federal-study-ai-data-centers-impact", "https://riponadvance.com/stories/moores-unleashing-low-cost-rural-ai-act-would-study-data-center-expansions" ], "bill_name": "H.R. 5227 - Unleashing Low-Cost Rural AI Act", "bill_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/5227", "summary": "HR 5227, the Unleashing Low-Cost Rural AI Act (Rep. Moore), would direct the Secretary of Energy to designate a National Laboratory to study the impact of AI and data center site growth on US energy supply resources. Study would identify rural areas poised for tech expansions and assess impact on energy supply, reliability, and consumer costs. Examines whether infrastructure updates are needed to support co-location of AI/data centers, and feasibility of using alternative energy sources (hydroelectric, solar, wind, battery storage, carbon capture, nuclear, geothermal). Bill is in 119th Congress (2025-2026). Awaiting committee action.", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Commission legislative study on data center impacts in US", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Jim Costa (D-CA)", "Rep. Blake Moore (R-UT)" ] }, { "county": null, "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "federal-ferc-large-load-rulemaking-2025", "jurisdiction": "United States", "state": "US", "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-06-18", "status": "active", "scope": "federal", "sources": [ "https://www.ferc.gov/rm26-4", "https://www.mayerbrown.com/en/insights/publications/2025/11/ferc-large-load-interconnection-preliminary-rulemaking-key-takeaways-for-data-center-developers-other-large-load-projects-and-investors", "https://www.whitecase.com/insight-alert/doe-directs-ferc-accelerate-interconnection-data-centers", "https://www.enr.com/articles/62219-power-sector-debates-new-federal-rules-for-data-center-large-load-links-to-grid", "https://www.gibsondunn.com/secretary-of-energy-directs-ferc-to-initiate-rulemaking-to-expedite-data-center-and-large-load-interconnection/", "https://www.ferc.gov/news-events/news/ferc-act-large-load-interconnection-docket-june-2026", "https://www.troutmanenergyreport.com/2026/04/ferc-commits-to-june-2026-action-in-large-load-interconnection-rulemaking/", "https://www.utilitydive.com/news/ferc-doe-data-center-interconnection-pjm-backstop-auction/817804/", "https://www.publicpower.org/periodical/article/ferc-act-large-load-interconnection-docket-june-2026", { "url": "https://www.ferc.gov/news-events/news/ferc-launches-aggressive-targeted-action-speed-large-load-integration", "title": "FERC Launches Aggressive Targeted Action to Speed Large Load Integration (FERC press release)" }, { "url": "https://www.akingump.com/en/insights/blogs/speaking-energy/ferc-issues-landmark-show-cause-orders-on-large-load-interconnection", "title": "FERC Issues Landmark Show Cause Orders on Large Load Interconnection (Akin)" }, { "url": "https://www.powermag.com/ferc-orders-all-six-regional-grid-operators-to-justify-or-rewrite-large-load-tariffs/", "title": "FERC Orders All Six Regional Grid Operators to Justify or Rewrite Large-Load Tariffs (POWER Magazine)" }, { "url": "https://www.energy.gov/articles/energy-deputy-secretary-danly-commends-ferc-action-large-load-interconnection-reform", "title": "Energy Deputy Secretary Danly Commends FERC Action on Large Load Interconnection Reform (DOE)" }, { "url": "https://www.eenews.net/articles/ferc-acts-to-force-us-markets-to-protect-electricity-ratepayers/", "title": "FERC acts to force US markets to protect electricity ratepayers (E&E News)" } ], "bill_name": "FERC Large Load Interconnection Rulemaking (RM26-4)", "bill_url": "https://www.ferc.gov/rm26-4", "summary": "FERC Large Load Interconnection Rulemaking (Docket RM26-4): At its April 16, 2026 open meeting, FERC issued an Order Regarding Intent to Act, committing to a final order by the end of June 2026 — past the April 30, 2026 deadline DOE Secretary Chris Wright had requested when initiating the proceeding in October 2025. Chair David Swett's accompanying statement said the forthcoming order will translate ANOPR issues into standards for processing large-load (>20 MW) interconnection requests including AI data centers. The rulemaking would assert federal jurisdiction over an area traditionally regulated by states; outcome (whether it constrains or fast-tracks data center interconnection) will determine community impact. As of June 17 FERC had not yet issued its order in Docket RM26-4 (large-load interconnection). Its April 16 'Order Regarding Intent to Act' committed it to act by end of June; the monthly open meeting was set for June 18 and a June 17 report described the guidance as 'imminent.' [Validation 2026-06-19: status -> 'resolved' per https://www.ferc.gov/news-events/news/ferc-launches-aggressive-targeted-action-speed-large-load-integration.] [Update 2026-06-22: On June 18, 2026, FERC took the long-awaited action in its large-load interconnection proceeding (Docket RM26-4) — but instead of issuing a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, it issued tailored show cause orders under Section 206 of the Federal Power Act to all six RTOs/ISOs (PJM, MISO, SPP, CAISO, ISO-NE, NYISO). Each grid operator and its transmission...]", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "DOE order standardizing large-load grid interconnection rules", "community_outcome": "mixed", "sponsors": [ "FERC" ] }, { "county": null, "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "federal-ferc-pjm-colocation-2025", "jurisdiction": "United States", "state": "US", "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-12-18", "status": "pending", "scope": "federal", "sources": [ "https://www.ferc.gov/news-events/news/ferc-directs-nations-largest-grid-operator-create-new-rules-embrace-innovation-and", "https://www.utilitydive.com/news/ferc-pjm-colocation-data-center/808368/", "https://www.ferc.gov/news-events/news/fact-sheet-ferc-directs-nations-largest-grid-operator-create-new-rules-embrace", "https://www.bdlaw.com/publications/ferc-orders-pjm-to-create-clear-rules-for-co-located-data-centers-and-large-loads/", "https://www.blankrome.com/publications/ferc-issues-order-clarifying-data-center-and-large-load-interconnection-procedures-pjm", "https://www.energylawinfo.com/2025/12/ferc-directs-revisions-to-enable-co-located-load-data-centers-and-generation/" ], "bill_name": "FERC PJM Co-Location Order", "bill_url": "https://www.ferc.gov/news-events/news/ferc-directs-nations-largest-grid-operator-create-new-rules-embrace-innovation-and", "summary": "FERC PJM Co-Location proceeding (Docket EL25-49): April 17, 2026 was the deadline for reply briefs to responsive briefs in the paper hearing FERC ordered in December 2025 to determine just and reasonable rates, terms, and conditions for new transmission services serving co-located data center loads in PJM. The proceeding will set the framework for how data centers can plug directly into power plants in the 13-state PJM region serving 67 million Americans. With the record now closed, FERC is awaiting a substantive order on whether to allow expedited co-location arrangements that bypass standard transmission service.", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "Order PJM to develop data center colocation rules at power plants", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "FERC" ] }, { "county": null, "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "new-york-s6394a-sustainable-dc-2025", "jurisdiction": "New York", "state": "NY", "lat": 42.6526, "lng": -73.7562, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-03-13", "status": "pending", "scope": "statewide", "sources": [ "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2025/S6394/amendment/A", "https://fastdemocracy.com/bill-search/ny/2025-2026/bills/NYB00172083/" ], "bill_name": "S.6394A - Sustainable Data Centers Act", "bill_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2025/S6394/amendment/A", "summary": "New York S6394A, the Sustainable Data Centers Act, would regulate energy consumption by data centers in the state. The bill requires annual disclosure reporting, prohibits fossil fuel power purchase agreements, and directs the Public Service Commission to establish a surcharge/discount plan. It mandates a progressive transition to renewable energy: 33% by 2030, 67% by 2035, and 100% by 2040. The bill is pending committee action.", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Mandate renewable energy transition and ban fossil fuel PPAs for data centers in New York", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Kristen Gonzalez (D-NY)" ] }, { "county": null, "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "new-york-s8540-acdc-act-2025", "jurisdiction": "New York", "state": "NY", "lat": 42.6526, "lng": -73.7562, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-10-22", "status": "pending", "scope": "statewide", "sources": [ "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2025/S8540", "https://www.news10.com/news/rising-energy-costs-new-york/" ], "bill_name": "S.8540 - AC/DC Act", "bill_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2025/S8540", "summary": "New York S8540, the Accountability for Computing and Data Centers (ACDC) Act, would require electric and gas corporations to establish an independent classification of service for large energy use facilities separate from other rate classes. The bill authorizes DPS to develop financial surety requirements and prevents data center costs from being blended into residential rate cases. The bill is pending in the Senate.", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Create separate utility rate class for data centers in New York", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Kristen Gonzalez (D-NY)" ] }, { "county": null, "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "new-hampshire-hb-1724-nh-2026", "jurisdiction": "New Hampshire", "state": "NH", "lat": 43.1939, "lng": -71.5724, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "died", "scope": "statewide", "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/NH/text/HB1724/2026", "https://legiscan.com/NH/bill/HB1724/2026", "https://fastdemocracy.com/bill-search/nh/2026/bills/NHB00014273/", "https://www.citizenscount.org/bills/hb-1724-2026", "https://newhampshirebulletin.com/2026/01/30/bill-targeting-energy-data-project-moves-ahead/" ], "bill_name": "HB 1724 - Data Center Utility Reporting", "bill_url": "https://legiscan.com/NH/text/HB1724/2026", "summary": "In New Hampshire, HB 1724, Sponsored by Rep. Wendy Thomas, Requires public utilities to submit annual reports detailing transmission costs, wholesale electricity market impacts, and generation capacity adequacy, with specific analysis of data center-related demand. Mandates public hearings and review by the state energy agency. Referred to the House Science, Technology and Energy Committee with a public hearing held February 10, 2026. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: HB 1724 (utility transparency/cost reporting incl. data-center demand analysis) died due to inactivity.", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require utility reporting of data center transmission impacts in NH", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Wendy Thomas (D-NH)" ] }, { "county": null, "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "wyoming-hb-90-water-study-2026", "jurisdiction": "Wyoming", "state": "WY", "lat": 41.1399, "lng": -104.8202, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-12", "status": "defeated", "scope": "statewide", "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/WY/bill/HB0090/2026", "https://cowboystatedaily.com/2026/02/12/house-to-hear-bill-to-investigate-how-data-centers-impact-water-supply/", "https://legiscan.com/WY/bill/HB0090/2026?guid=71MTJiW4pZBFtsuabLEf7U" ], "bill_name": "HB 90 - Water Study", "bill_url": "https://www.wyoleg.gov/Legislation/2026/HB0090", "summary": "Wyoming HB0090 would have appropriated $500K to the State Engineer to study how large-scale industrial water use by data centers, carbon capture, and hydrogen projects impacts the state's water supply. The bill advanced 8-1 out of the House Agriculture Committee and received House Appropriations Committee approval on February 16, 2026, but did not pass the full chamber. The study was part of growing concern in Wyoming as data center developers eye the state for its cheap land and energy resources.", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Appropriate $500K to study large-scale industrial water use by data centers in Wyoming", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Tomi Strock (R-WY)" ] }, { "county": null, "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "data_source": "agent_research", "county_lean": null, "energy_mw": null, "investment_usd": null, "acreage": null, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "petition_signatures": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_facebook_members": null, "id": "mississippi-hb-1635-ms-2026", "jurisdiction": "Mississippi", "state": "MS", "lat": 32.2988, "lng": -90.1848, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "defeated", "scope": "statewide", "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/MS/bill/HB1635/2026", "https://mississippitoday.org/2026/02/05/mississippi-marketplace-are-state-leaders-rethinking-data-center-deals/", "https://ourtupelo.com/mississippi-marketplace-are-state-leaders-rethinking-data-center-deals/" ], "bill_name": "HB 1635 - Large Project Tax Redistribution", "summary": "In Mississippi, HB 1635 was introduced to redirect 80% of local ad-valorem taxes collected above $1B from large projects (including data centers) into a new state infrastructure and economic development fund, with 20% to local government and schools. Madison County Economic Development Authority director Joey Deason objected to the measure, warning it would slash his county's projected $70M/year in new Amazon data center tax revenue to just $20M/year. The author did not bring the bill to committee vote.", "bill_url": "https://billstatus.ls.state.ms.us/2026/pdf/history/HB/HB1635.xml", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Redirect data center tax revenue to state fund", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Trey Lamar (R-MS)" ] }, { "id": "ahwatukee-az-opposition-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "Ahwatukee (Phoenix)", "state": "AZ", "county": "Maricopa County", "lat": 33.3395, "lng": -111.9791, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-24", "status": "active", "company": "Menlo Equities", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Menlo Equities proposed a data center on 40.6 acres in the Ahwatukee, Arizona, Foothills area of Phoenix. The Ahwatukee Foothills Residents Against Data Centers organized opposition, citing concerns about water use in the desert, noise, and environmental impacts on the residential community. The project remains ongoing with the outcome pending.", "sources": [ "https://www.azfamily.com/2026/02/24/ahwatukee-residents-push-back-approved-1-million-square-foot-data-center/", "https://www.ahwatukee.com/news/hobbs-wants-data-center-gifts-axed-in-arizona/article_d641aebc-3c1b-476a-b23c-d8955ba01950.html" ], "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "acreage": 40.6, "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "noise", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Menlo Equities data center over water in Ahwatukee", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_groups": [ "Ahwatukee Foothills Residents Against Data Centers" ] }, { "id": "buckeye-az-tract-2025-06", "jurisdiction": "Buckeye", "state": "AZ", "county": "Maricopa County", "lat": 33.3703, "lng": -112.5838, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-06-01", "status": "active", "company": "Tract", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Tract is developing the 2,019-acre Buckeye Technology Park, the largest contiguous data center project in the Phoenix market, located near Palo Verde nuclear power plant and the I-10 corridor in Buckeye, AZ. Could see up to 20 million sq ft of data center space across as many as 40 individual data centers at full buildout. Tract is currently working with the local utility on plans to support up to 1.8 GW of capacity. $20 billion total investment over a 15-year buildout, currently in planning stage. Tract acquired the 2,069-acre site from Arizona Land Consulting for $136M+ (which had bought it for $40M in 2022). Buckeye is considering a development agreement reimbursing Tract up to $50M in public infrastructure improvements (water, sewer, streets, transportation), funded through 20% of tax revenues over 20 years.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/tract-announces-18gw-data-center-park-in-phoenix-arizona/", "https://azbigmedia.com/real-estate/2069-acre-parcel-will-become-a20-billion-data-center-park-in-buckeye/" ], "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 1800, "acreage": 2069, "petition_signatures": 108, "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "investment_usd": 20000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "100-signature petition opposing Tract data center", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_groups": [ "Buckeye Residents Against Data Centers (ad hoc)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/halt-approval-of-water-hungry-data-centers-in-buckeye", "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 1784000, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRMED. The water_usage_gallons_per_day=1,784,000 figure for the Tract Buckeye Technology Park cannot be corroborated by any working source. Independently verified: (1) Fetched the Grist evidence_u", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "reno-oppidan-nv-2025-01", "jurisdiction": "Reno (Stead)", "state": "NV", "county": "Washoe County", "lat": 39.6662, "lng": -119.8813, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-03-12", "status": "approved", "company": "Oppidan", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Oppidan proposed a 5MW data center on a 7-acre site in the Stead area of Reno, Nevada,. The Sierra Club Toiyabe Chapter raised environmental, grid, and water concerns. Despite opposition, the project was approved, with community advocates failing to block the permit. The community's stated objective was to deny Oppidan 5MW data center permit in Reno.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/oppidan-gains-approval-for-5mw-data-center-in-reno-nevada/", "https://thisisreno.com/2025/03/reno-data-center-approval/" ], "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 5, "acreage": 7, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Toiyabe Chapter" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Deny Oppidan 5MW data center permit in Reno", "community_outcome": "loss", "building_sq_ft": 61500 }, { "id": "santaquin-ut-opposition-2025-12", "jurisdiction": "Santaquin", "state": "UT", "county": "Utah County", "lat": 39.9749, "lng": -111.7852, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "active", "company": "DCPC (Data Center Power Company)", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "DCPC's Summit Ridge Data Center, a 100 MW off-grid natural gas-powered facility in Santaquin, Utah, was approved by City Council in Oct 2024 without adequate public awareness. Residents rallied outside City Hall, feeling 'blindsided.' A Change.org petition has 1,350+ signatures. Concerns about air quality from natural gas generators, noise, and lack of transparency. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'loss' per https://www.heraldextra.com/news/2026/jan/30/developers-meet-with-santaquin-residents-to-discuss-planned-data-center/.]", "sources": [ "https://www.ksl.com/article/51442989/", "https://www.fox13now.com/news/local-news/utah-county/summit-ridge-data-center-sparks-debate-in-santaquin-over-power-water-and-pollution" ], "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "energy_mw": 100, "petition_signatures": 1350, "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "acreage": 243, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "noise", "transparency", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Petition to block DCPC data center in Santaquin", "community_outcome": "loss", "opposition_groups": [ "Santaquin Community (ad hoc)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "megawatts": 100 }, { "id": "lowell-ma-moratorium-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Lowell", "state": "MA", "county": "Middlesex County", "lat": 42.6334, "lng": -71.3162, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-11", "status": "passed", "company": "Markley Group", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Lowell City Council voted 10-0 on March 10, 2026 to enact a one-year moratorium on data center development — the first such municipal moratorium in Massachusetts. Championed by community group 'Honest Future for Lowell.' Gives the city time to develop zoning and regulatory framework before any developer proposals advance.", "sources": [ "https://www.wbur.org/news/2026/04/06/data-centers-ai-massachusetts-pollution-pushback", "https://www.nbcboston.com/boston-business-journal/lowell-imposes-moratorium-on-data-centers-targeting-states-largest-facility/3913800/" ], "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "opposition_groups": [ "Honest Future for Lowell" ], "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "environmental", "noise", "ratepayer", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 360-day moratorium on Markley Group data center expansion", "community_outcome": "win", "project_name": "Markley Data Center", "megawatts": 50 }, { "id": "gibraltar-mi-moratorium-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "Gibraltar", "state": "MI", "county": "Wayne County", "lat": 42.0948, "lng": -83.1897, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-09", "status": "passed", "company": "Raeden", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Gibraltar, Michigan, City Council unanimously approved a year-long moratorium in March 2026, freezing a proposed 100 MW data center at the former McLouth Steel site (27800 W. Jefferson Ave.) by Raeden. The facility would consume as much energy as 80,000 homes. Residents and Downriver activists raised concerns about increased electric bills and impacts on nearby Humbug Marsh wildlife refuge. The developer proposed addressing contamination at an adjacent Superfund property and partnering with DTE Energy for on-site power generation.", "sources": [ "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/03/gibraltar-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/gibraltar-presses-pause-data-centers-023007498.html" ], "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "opposition_groups": [ "Indivisible: Downriver United 734" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/p/Indivisible-Downriver-United-734-61579457515345/", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "ratepayer", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Halt data centers in Gibraltar after Raeden proposal", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "essex-il-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Essex", "state": "IL", "county": "Kankakee County", "lat": 41.1786, "lng": -88.1884, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "active", "company": "Constellation Energy", "acreage": 600, "opposition_groups": [ "Essex Coalition" ], "summary": "Constellation Energy purchased over 600 acres near Essex, Illinois, and is seeking rezoning and annexation. Much of the land was sold by village board members or their relatives. The Essex Coalition launched a petition urging industrial protections and is working to revive the village's dormant zoning board of appeals. Constellation has not officially announced a data center but residents fear one is planned given the site's proximity to power infrastructure.", "sources": [ "https://www.thecentersquare.com/illinois/article_05a303b2-1a7c-430a-ab7f-8a7c9ed27437.html", "https://www.chicagotribune.com/2026/03/11/frankfort-environmental-advocates-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "zoning", "ratepayer", "water", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Block Constellation Energy rezoning of 600 acres in Essex", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "frankfort-il-2026-03-11", "jurisdiction": "Frankfort", "state": "IL", "county": "Will County", "lat": 41.4959, "lng": -87.8487, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-11", "status": "active", "company": "Hillwood / PowerHouse Data Centers", "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Illinois (Heart of Illinois Group)" ], "summary": "About two dozen south and southwest suburban residents gathered at a Frankfort, Illinois, forum organized by environmental advocates to voice concerns about data center proposals in Joliet, Minooka, Essex, Coal City, and Yorkville. Residents fear higher utility bills, regional power outages, declining air quality, and strained water supplies from the cluster of proposed facilities in the greater Will County area.", "sources": [ "https://www.chicagotribune.com/2026/03/11/frankfort-environmental-advocates-data-centers/", "https://www.farmweeknow.com/environmental/illinois-local-governments-weigh-data-center-decisions/article_143631b2-f1fe-4aba-9175-7fa09a0904e0.html", "https://capitolnewsillinois.com/news/political-will-grows-for-data-center-regulations-as-power-act-remains-in-committee/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "opposition_website": "https://www.sierraclub.org/illinois/heart-illinois/concerns-mount-over-proposed-local-ai-data-centers", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "water", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Regional forum raises alarm over data center water, power, and air quality impacts near Frankfort", "community_outcome": "pending", "investment_million_usd": null }, { "id": "kosciusko-county-in-2025-04-02", "jurisdiction": "Kosciusko County (Leesburg)", "state": "IN", "county": "Kosciusko County", "lat": 41.2125, "lng": -85.8444, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-04-22", "status": "defeated", "company": "Prologis", "acreage": 554, "jobs_promised": 300, "opposition_groups": [ "Keep Leesburg Rural" ], "petition_signatures": 2440, "summary": "Kosciusko County, Indiana, Area Plan Commission unanimously denied (8-0) Prologis's rezoning request for 554 acres of farmland near Leesburg from agricultural to industrial for a 10-building data center campus. County Commissioners upheld denial 3-0 on April 22. Over 100 residents attended, and a petition collected 1,000+ signatures. Residents cited loss of farmland and impact on the local Amish farming community.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/prologis-data-center-proposal-in-kosciusko-county-indiana-denied/", "https://www.wndu.com/2025/04/22/kosciusko-county-commissioners-say-no-proposed-data-center-leesburg/", "https://www.inkfreenews.com/2025/04/02/county-apc-unanimously-denies-rezoning-request-for-data-center-near-leesburg/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning", "water", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Deny Prologis rezoning of 554 acres of farmland", "community_outcome": "win", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/prevent-the-construction-of-a-data-center-on-farm-land-in-leesburg-in" }, { "id": "washington-township-oh-2025-12-08", "jurisdiction": "Washington Township", "state": "OH", "county": "Franklin County", "lat": 40.1106, "lng": -83.1541, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-12-08", "status": "passed", "company": "Multiple (New Albany corridor)", "opposition_groups": [ "Ohioans for Responsible Development", "Washington Township trustees (moratorium)" ], "summary": "Washington Township in northwestern Franklin County passed a 90-day moratorium on data centers in unincorporated parts of the township on December 8, 2025. The township also asked the city of Dublin, which the township encompasses, to adopt a moratorium as well. The action follows the broader wave of Central Ohio communities pushing back against the data center boom centered on New Albany.", "sources": [ "https://www.statenews.org/section/the-ohio-newsroom/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success", "https://www.axios.com/local/columbus/2026/03/04/ohio-data-center-boom-moratorium-laws", "https://signalohio.org/ohio-data-center-boom-faces-political-resistence/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning", "water", "ratepayer", "noise" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 90-day data centers moratorium in Washington Township", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "st-albans-township-oh-2026-03-10", "jurisdiction": "St. Albans Township", "state": "OH", "county": "Licking County", "lat": 40.0886, "lng": -82.6137, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-10", "status": "passed", "company": "Multiple (New Albany corridor)", "opposition_groups": [ "St. Albans Township Residents" ], "summary": "St. Albans Township, Ohio, held a public hearing on March 10, 2026 on a proposal to become the first township in Licking County to ban data centers. The township sits on the eastern edge of the New Albany data center corridor, home to 40+ data centers in western Licking County. Residents expressed concerns about water and electricity consumption from the nearby facilities. St. Albans Township became the first in Licking County to ban data centers. Public hearing held March 10 with 25 attendees. Trustee Mike Washington read the resolution and opened public comment. A court reporter documented testimony. The ban was approved.", "sources": [ "https://www.thereportingproject.org/hearing-on-proposed-data-center-ban-in-st-albans-township-will-be-on-march-17-in-alexandria/", "https://www.statenews.org/section/the-ohio-newsroom/2026-02-26/ohio-towns-are-pushing-back-against-data-centers-to-varying-degrees-of-success", "https://www.theregister.com/2026/03/18/ohio_datacenter_petition/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "zoning", "ratepayer", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Ban data centers in designated zones in St. Albans Township", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "hampton-mn-2025-08-01", "jurisdiction": "Hampton", "state": "MN", "county": "Dakota County", "lat": 44.6091, "lng": -92.8816, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2025-08-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Oppidan", "opposition_groups": [], "summary": "Oppidan, an Excelsior-based developer, paused its data center project in Hampton after citing that the state would take too long to permit backup generators. Minnesota's permitting process for diesel backup generators takes 12-18 months. Amazon also abandoned its Becker data center after regulators required a major state permit for 250 diesel generators.", "sources": [ "https://www.startribune.com/developer-halts-two-minnesota-data-centers-over-permits-for-backup-generators/601507579", "https://www.twincities.com/2026/03/18/lawsuit-hampton-mn-data-center-information/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "developer", "objective": "Oppidan pauses Hampton data center over generator permitting delays", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "two-creeks-wi-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Two Creeks", "state": "WI", "county": "Manitowoc County", "lat": 44.3197, "lng": -87.586, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "active", "company": "Cloverleaf Infrastructure", "opposition_groups": [ "Mishicot-area residents and family farms (ad hoc coalition)" ], "summary": "Two Creeks, along with Two Rivers and Mishicot, held a joint town board meeting and approved identical resolutions calling on Manitowoc County to adopt a one-year moratorium on data center permits and construction, with option to extend 6 months (by Cloverleaf Infrastructure). These three northeast Wisconsin towns acted proactively to prevent data center siting in their communities.", "sources": [ "https://www.wpr.org/news/northeast-wisconsin-towns-1-year-moratorium-data-centers", "https://fox11online.com/news/local/mishicot-area-residents-and-family-farms-rally-against-proposed-ai-data-center-cloverleaf-infrastructure-nsi-land-services-two-creeks-anthony-barta-northeast-wisconsin-artificial-intelligence" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning", "water", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 6 month data centers moratorium in Two Creeks", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "two-rivers-wi-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Two Rivers", "state": "WI", "county": "Manitowoc County", "lat": 44.1555, "lng": -87.5695, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "active", "company": "Cloverleaf Infrastructure", "opposition_groups": [ "Mishicot-area residents and family farms (ad hoc coalition)" ], "summary": "Two Rivers, Wisconsin, joined Two Creeks and Mishicot at a joint town board meeting on February 12, 2026 in approving identical resolutions calling for a one-year moratorium on data center permits and construction in Manitowoc County, with option for a six-month extension. The action came after Texas-based Cloverleaf Infrastructure approached local farmers with offers to purchase land, with one Mishicot farmer reportedly offered $70-80 million for up to 6,000 acres. Over 70 residents attended the joint meeting, and the Manitowoc County Board's Park and Planning Commission took up the moratorium petition on March 30.", "sources": [ "https://www.wpr.org/news/northeast-wisconsin-towns-1-year-moratorium-data-centers", "https://www.nbc26.com/lakeshore/three-wisconsin-lakeshore-communities-unite-to-pass-data-center-moratorium" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning", "water", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose one-year moratorium on data center permits in Two Rivers, Two Creeks, and Mishicot", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "mishicot-wi-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Mishicot", "state": "WI", "county": "Manitowoc County", "lat": 44.2394, "lng": -87.6419, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "active", "company": "Cloverleaf Infrastructure", "opposition_groups": [ "Mishicot-area residents and family farms (ad hoc coalition)" ], "summary": "Mishicot, Wisconsin, joined Two Creeks and Two Rivers at a joint town board meeting after several hundred people packed the Grey Fox Bar and Grill on January 26, 2026 for an informational meeting on AI data centers, with organizers forced to change to a larger venue due to overwhelming turnout. Cloverleaf Infrastructure and NSI Land Services had been approaching local farmers to purchase property. Town Board Chair Dean Anhalt said residents are concerned about losing rural character and farmland, especially from retired farmers and landowners renting to active farming operations.", "sources": [ "https://www.wpr.org/news/northeast-wisconsin-towns-1-year-moratorium-data-centers", "https://www.wbay.com/2026/01/27/mishicot-community-voices-concern-over-proposed-ai-data-centers/", "https://www.seehafernews.com/2026/01/27/speakers-express-concern-to-mishicot-residents-about-proposed-ai-data-center/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning", "water", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 6-month data centers moratorium in Mishicot", "community_outcome": "pending", "acreage": 6000 }, { "id": "janesville-wi-referendum-2026-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Janesville (Referendum)", "state": "WI", "county": "Rock County", "lat": 42.6828, "lng": -89.0187, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-09", "status": "active", "company": "Viridian", "opposition_groups": [ "No Janesville Data Center" ], "summary": "The Janesville City Council voted unanimously on Feb 9, 2026 to place a citizen-initiated ballot measure on the November 3, 2026 general election ballot. The ordinance, organized by the No Janesville Data Center group, would require voter approval before the City could approve any development on undeveloped portions of the GM/JATCO site exceeding $450M. The 3,927 signatures were certified by the city clerk on January 21, 2026. The measure targets a Viridian Partners proposal to redevelop the site into an 800 MW, 11-building data center campus estimated at $8B. City Manager Kevin Lahner has warned the ordinance is likely illegal and unenforceable, citing 'constitutionality concerns.' The April 2026 council elections heavily centered on the data center question.", "sources": [ "https://wtmj.com/news/2026/02/10/janesville-residents-will-help-decide-future-of-a-proposed-data-center-via-referendum/", "https://news.ballotpedia.org/2026/02/12/janesville-wisconsin-voters-to-decide-nov-3-2026-initiative-requiring-approval-for-development-projects-exceeding-450-million-at-gm-jatco-site-such-as-proposed-data-center/", "https://www.wmtv15news.com/2026/02/10/janesville-city-council-unanimously-passes-legislation-petition-connection-former-gmjatco-site/", "https://www.gazettextra.com/news/billboards-door-knocking-and-voter-temperature-taking-candidates-in-home-stretch-of-crowded-council-race/article_1f51335d-7dc7-4b97-ab85-5f82be2ad812.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "water", "ratepayer", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "voters", "objective": "Put Viridian data center to public vote", "community_outcome": "pending", "megawatts": 800, "investment_million_usd": 8000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 70400, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/p/No-Janesville-Data-Center-61580624576545", "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/no-janesville-data-center", "petition_signatures": 1976 }, { "id": "bessemer-al-expansion-2026-01", "jurisdiction": "Bessemer (900-acre expansion)", "state": "AL", "county": "Jefferson County", "lat": 33.4012, "lng": -86.9544, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "approved", "company": "Logistics Land Investments", "project_name": "Project Marvel (expansion)", "investment_million_usd": 14500, "megawatts": 1200, "acreage": 1614, "building_sq_ft": 4500000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Southern Environmental Law Center" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 21, 2026, the Bessemer City Council voted 5-2 (Donna Thigpen and Cleo King opposed) to rezone approximately 914 acres from agricultural to light industrial for the 'Project Marvel' hyperscale data center campus, expanding the project footprint to roughly 1,600 acres. Officials say the rezoning does not increase the planned 18 buildings, only spreads them across more land for wider buffers and to clear the Northern Beltline corridor. Total project value reported around $14.4 billion. Residents wore red in protest at the meeting; the SELC has filed legal challenges to the project. Earlier history: the original November 18, 2025 approval and lawsuit alleging inadequate notice and 'arbitrary and capricious spot zoning,' temporary injunction by Judge David Hobdy in August 2025, and ALDOT warnings of conflicts with the Northern Beltline.", "sources": [ "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/11052025/bessemer-alabama-proposed-data-center/", "https://abc3340.com/news/abc-3340-news-iteam/bessemer-rezoning-fight-continues-over-proposed-data-center-court-hearing-complaint-motion-to-dismiss-response-legal-ruling-complaint-amendment-dispute-follow-up", "https://www.wbrc.com/2026/01/20/bessemer-says-controversial-data-center-plan-is-changing-adding-buffer-land/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/14012026/bessemer-alabama-data-center-to-ask-for-additional-900-acres/", "https://abc3340.com/news/local/alabama-bessemer-approves-rezoning-of-914-acres-for-project-marvel-data-center-april-2026", "https://www.wbrc.com/2026/04/22/this-project-feels-like-an-invasion-bessemer-council-approves-major-data-center-rezoning-amid-community-divide/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/14bn-project-marvel-data-center-approved-by-bessemer-city-council-amidst-fierce-opposition/", "https://www.selc.org/press-release/bessemer-city-council-greenlights-controversial-data-center-rezoning/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "traffic", "transparency", "zoning", "water", "noise", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge Logistics Land Investments rezoning in Bessemer in court", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "forsyth-county-ga-2025-10", "jurisdiction": "Forsyth County", "state": "GA", "county": "Forsyth County", "lat": 34.2284, "lng": -84.1255, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "passed", "company": null, "project_name": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter" ], "summary": "Forsyth County, Georgia, enacted a strict data center ordinance that prohibits data center cooling systems from using the county water system, one of the most restrictive approaches among Georgia counties. The ordinance is part of a wave of local regulations across Georgia, with eight counties and cities adopting moratoria or ordinances since March 2025. Separately, a proposed $8.4B data center in the City of Forsyth (Monroe County) would require 1.5 million gallons of water per day, raising infrastructure strain concerns.", "sources": [ "https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/10/22/wave-of-data-center-ordinances-sweep-through-ga-counties-how-strict-are-they", "https://www.13wmaz.com/article/news/local/forsyth-monroe/forsyth-pz-tables-key-vote-on-1600-acre-data-center-proposed/93-d2adb2f1-5fbd-47ec-95af-d4b1f4c26044", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/1600-acre-data-center-approved-by-local-authorities-in-forsyth-georgia/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "water", "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Restrict data center water usage in Forsyth County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "covington-ga-2026-01-05", "jurisdiction": "Covington", "state": "GA", "county": "Newton County", "lat": 33.5968, "lng": -83.8602, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-01-05", "status": "passed", "company": "Amazon Web Services (AWS)", "project_name": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter", "Stanton Springs Data Center (opposition Facebook page)" ], "summary": "The City of Covington, Georgia, council imposed a 180-day moratorium on new data center requests on January 5, 2026 (by 3Rivers Development). During the moratorium, city staff will review current ordinances and make recommendations. Data centers have been seeking to annex into incorporated cities like Covington and Social Circle to bypass Newton County's stricter overlay requirements.", "sources": [ "https://www.ajc.com/news/business/5b-data-center-campus-spanning-300-plus-acres-pitched-east-of-atlanta/GPRU6WB6INAELEGM3A3N7SMW6Y/", "https://www.covnews.com/news/cities/city-covington-enacts-moratorium-moves-reject-two-annexation-requests/", "https://www.covnews.com/news/cities/city-covington-imposes-moratorium-new-data-center-requests/", "https://www.rockdalenewtoncitizen.com/news/newton-county-puts-moratorium-on-data-center-applications/article_9dec6ba2-6c6c-408f-afbd-d10a63f09add.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "zoning", "water", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in Covington", "community_outcome": "win", "hyperscaler": null, "acreage": 430, "investment_usd": 36000000, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/StantonSpringsDataCenter/", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Amazon/AWS': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "newton-county-ga-2025", "jurisdiction": "Newton County", "state": "GA", "county": "Newton County", "lat": 33.554, "lng": -83.861, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "passed", "company": "SC Infrastructure / Technology Park Atlanta", "project_name": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Georgia Chapter" ], "summary": "Newton County Board of Commissioners unanimously enacted an emergency moratorium on data center applications in February 2026, joining a wave of Georgia moratoriums. Previously, SC Infrastructure / Technology Park Atlanta proposed a $5B, nine-building data center campus (2.6M sq ft on 317 acres) east of I-20 near Covington. The city of Covington enacted a similar moratorium in January 2026. Georgia state lawmakers debated data center regulation throughout their 2026 session but ultimately failed to pass any legislation. Meta not confirmed for this TPA/SC Infrastructure project; Meta's Stanton Springs is a separate nearby project.", "sources": [ "https://www.covnews.com/news/county/newton-county-enacts-moratoriums-data-centers-convenience-stores/", "https://www.rockdalenewtoncitizen.com/news/newton-county-puts-moratorium-on-data-center-applications/article_9dec6ba2-6c6c-408f-afbd-d10a63f09add.html", "https://www.rockdalenewtoncitizen.com/news/newton-county-puts-moratorium-on-data-center-applications/article_9dec6ba2-6c6c-408f-afbd-d10a63f09add.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "zoning", "water", "ratepayer", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause data centers in Newton County pending regulations", "community_outcome": "win", "hyperscaler": null, "acreage": 317 }, { "id": "hogansville-ga-2025-11", "jurisdiction": "Hogansville", "state": "GA", "county": "Troup County", "lat": 33.1726, "lng": -84.9155, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "active", "company": "Fertile Ground Investments LLC", "project_name": null, "megawatts": 600, "acreage": 437, "opposition_groups": [ "Troup County Anti-Data Center Coalition" ], "summary": "A 437-acre plot on the outskirts of the 3,000-person town of Hogansville, Georgia, is the center of a Fertile Ground Investments LLC data center debate. Residents are concerned about property values, water and energy consumption, and utility bills. City officials signed an NDA about the project at least 18 months before informing the public, angering residents who demanded transparency.", "sources": [ "https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/11/26/why-are-troup-county-residents-saying-no-600-mw-data-center-in-hogansville", "https://www.lagrangenews.com/news/hogansville-residents-hear-from-data-center-experts-618bcbc5" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency", "water", "property_values" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Expose NDA-shrouded data center proposal on 437 acres in Hogansville", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/24200940622890970/" }, { "id": "richland-parish-la-2025", "jurisdiction": "Richland Parish (Rayville/Delhi)", "state": "LA", "county": "Richland Parish", "lat": 32.4776, "lng": -91.7576, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-09-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Meta (via Beignet LLC / Blue Owl Capital)", "project_name": "Hyperion Data Center", "investment_million_usd": 27000, "megawatts": 2000, "acreage": 2250, "building_sq_ft": 4000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 5000000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Earthjustice", "Alliance for Affordable Energy", "Union of Concerned Scientists" ], "summary": "Meta's Hyperion data center -- the company's largest -- is under construction in Richland Parish, Louisiana, requiring 2,000 MW and 5 million gallons of water per day from groundwater. Earthjustice filed motions against a risky 'Frankenstein financing' deal that could leave ratepayers paying for 3 new gas plants if Meta exits after 4 years. Low-income families were evicted from a trailer park for worker housing. Median home prices rose 80% since early 2024.", "sources": [ "https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/louisiana-regulators-asked-to-investigate-shady-meta-financing-deal-that-could-leave-households-paying-for-tech-giants-electricity", "https://capitalbnews.org/meta-richland-parish-ai-data-center/", "https://sherwood.news/tech/hyperion/", "https://www.cbsnews.com/news/meta-ai-data-center-richland-parish-louisiana-energy-costs/", "https://thelensnola.org/2025/09/25/data-centers-spark-fears-of-a-digital-cancer-alley-in-louisiana/", "https://thelensnola.org/2026/01/29/meta-datacenter-louisiana-corruption-water-power-utilities/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "water", "transparency", "property_values" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Challenge Meta's 2000MW data center groundwater withdrawal", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "prince-william-va-digital-gateway-void-2025-08", "jurisdiction": "Prince William County (Digital Gateway voided)", "state": "VA", "county": "Prince William County", "lat": 38.7764, "lng": -77.5636, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-08-07", "status": "defeated", "company": "QTS Realty Trust / Compass", "project_name": "Digital Gateway", "investment_million_usd": 7500, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition to Protect Prince William County", "American Battlefield Trust", "Piedmont Environmental Council", "Sierra Club", "National Parks Conservation Association", "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition" ], "summary": "Prince William County (VA) Digital Gateway rezoning was voided by court order in August 2025. On April 15, 2026, the Board of Supervisors unanimously voted NOT to appeal the ruling to the Virginia Supreme Court. The county spent over $2 million on outside counsel defending the rezoning. While the county declined to appeal, developer QTS separately appealed to the Virginia Supreme Court, so the outcome on the 2,139-acre Digital Gateway is not yet final.", "sources": [ "https://www.beankinney.com/data-center-infrastructure-under-siege-lessons-from-virginias-digital-gateway-decision/", "https://virginiaindependentnews.com/infrastructure/data-center-cancellations-pile-up-as-virginians-voice-opposition/", "https://www.insidenova.com/headlines/prince-william-s-digital-gateway-data-center-hearings-zero-in-on-public-notice/article_2dc98d69-5a46-4adf-90da-c5042b4a3833.html", "https://www.princewilliamtimes.com/news/breaking-judge-overturns-prince-william-digital-gateway/article_951d6362-1bbd-416f-89c5-ff322bf49fa8.html", "https://www.pwcva.gov/news/prince-william-county-launches-interactive-data-center-map-improve-public-access-development", "https://www.princewilliamtimes.com/news/report-prince-william-county-has-44-data-centers-15-more-on-the-way/article_f0518174-bd23-49ee-ab92-3b04a0936f16.html", "https://www.datacenterfrontier.com/site-selection/article/21437363/prince-william-digital-gateway", "https://protectpwc.org/about-us/about-the-coalition-to-protect-pwc/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2025/05/21/report-highlights-community-pushback-stalling-64-billion-in-data-center-development-nationwide/", "https://wtop.com/prince-william-county/2025/11/digital-gateway-data-center-builders-barred-from-beginning-construction-until-legal-challenge-plays-out/", "https://www.princewilliamtimes.com/localnews/supervisors-vote-to-spend-another-400k-to-defend-the-pw-digital-gateway/article_79abd8cb-bf32-5c46-8a7d-ba39bb676c57.html", "https://virginiamercury.com/briefs/va-court-of-appeals-stops-major-data-center-development-in-prince-william-county/", "https://www.bisnow.com/national/news/data-center-community-relations/digital-gateway-plans-may-close-for-good-134038", "https://www.pecva.org/resources/press/pec-statement-on-prince-william-digital-gateway-latest-legal-win/", "https://wtop.com/virginia/2026/04/prince-william-co-withdraws-from-digital-gateway-lawsuit-reversing-course-from-2023/", "https://northernvirginiamag.com/news/2026/04/15/prince-william-county-withdraws-from-legal-battle-over-massive-data-center-project/", "https://www.princewilliamtimes.com/localnews/breaking-prince-william-county-drops-legal-fight-for-pw-digital-gateway/article_e7152a10-cbf9-4a7a-80ef-55fa9e13770b.html", "https://www.pecva.org/region/regional-state-national-region/prince-william/massive-digital-gateway-data-center-project-has-been-halted/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "zoning", "community_impact", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge QTS Realty Trust / Compass rezoning in Prince William in court", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "wa-governor-data-center-workgroup-2025", "jurisdiction": "Washington (Governor's Data Center Workgroup)", "state": "WA", "county": null, "lat": 47.037, "lng": -122.901, "action_type": [ "executive_order" ], "date": "2025-02-05", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Columbia Riverkeeper", "Sierra Club" ], "summary": "Governor Ferguson issued Executive Order 25-05 on February 3, 2025 creating the Data Center Workgroup, convened by the Department of Revenue with 33 members from state agencies, utilities, labor, environmental groups, and industry. The workgroup delivered its preliminary report on December 1, 2025, recommending data centers comply with Washington's 2045 emissions-free electricity mandate. The Washington Legislature punted comprehensive data center legislation to 2027. The workgroup's final report is expected later in 2026 and will inform the next legislative session.", "sources": [ "https://www.propublica.org/article/data-centers-clean-energy-washington-state", "https://governor.wa.gov/news/2025/governor-bob-ferguson-signs-executive-order-establishing-data-center-workgroup", "https://www.geekwire.com/2025/amid-ai-boom-gov-ferguson-creates-workgroup-to-study-impact-of-data-centers-in-washington-state/", "https://www.dwt.com/blogs/energy--environmental-law-blog/2026/03/washington-legislature-delays-data-center-bill" ], "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-20", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Form state workgroup on data center policy in WA", "community_outcome": "pending", "bill_name": "Executive Order 25-05", "bill_url": "https://governor.wa.gov/sites/default/files/exe_order/25-05%20-%20Data%20Center%20Workgroup.pdf", "sponsors": [ "Gov. Bob Ferguson (D-WA)" ] }, { "id": "oregon-pge-power-act-dispute-2026", "jurisdiction": "Oregon (PGE POWER Act Dispute)", "state": "OR", "county": "Washington County", "lat": 45.523, "lng": -122.99, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation" ], "date": "2025-12-15", "status": "active", "company": "Portland General Electric", "hyperscaler": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Oregon Citizens Utility Board (CUB)", "Climate Solutions" ], "opposition_website": "https://oregoncub.org/", "summary": "Oregon CUB accused PGE of circumventing the POWER Act (by Portland General Electric). PGE built $174M in substations exclusively for data centers but proposed assigning 47% of costs to residential customers. CUB analysis shows PGE would allocate 34-45% of new supply/transmission costs to households despite data centers driving demand. PUC decision expected April 2026. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://www.opb.org/article/2026/05/12/portland-general-electric-oregon-power-data-centers/.]", "sources": [ "https://oregoncub.org/news/blog/is-pge-ignoring-oregons-new-data-center-law/3216/", "https://www.opb.org/article/2025/12/15/utility-watchdogs-accuse-pge-of-skirting-new-law-meant-to-make-data-centers-pay-for-rising-demand/" ], "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Oppose transmission lines for Portland General Electric data center", "community_outcome": "win", "bill_name": "HB 3546 (POWER Act)", "bill_url": "https://olis.oregonlegislature.gov/liz/2025R1/Measures/Overview/HB3546", "sponsors": [ "Oregon Citizens' Utility Board" ] }, { "id": "the-dalles-hr-655-federal-land-or-2026", "jurisdiction": "The Dalles (HR 655 Federal Land Transfer)", "state": "OR", "county": "Wasco County", "lat": 45.601, "lng": -121.179, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-12-09", "status": "pending", "company": "Google", "hyperscaler": "Google", "acreage": 150, "bill_name": "HR 655", "opposition_groups": [ "WaterWatch of Oregon", "Columbia Riverkeeper", "Friends of the Columbia Gorge", "Native Fish Society", "Oregon Wild", "Sierra Club", "Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs" ], "summary": "HR 655 would transfer ~150 acres of Mt. Hood National Forest to The Dalles to triple reservoir capacity. Passed House Dec 9, 2025; before Senate Energy Committee. Conservation coalition calls it a 'cynical sweetheart deal' to serve Google's growing water demands. City denies it's for Google but water plan references 'large industrial user' needing ~1M gallons/day.", "sources": [ "https://www.columbiariverkeeper.org/2026/coalition-urges-senators-wyden-and-merkley-to-oppose-public-land-giveaway-for-data-center-water-use/", "https://www.opb.org/article/2026/01/15/as-googles-water-demands-grow-the-dalles-aims-to-pull-more-from-mount-hood-forest/" ], "scope": "federal", "county_lean": null, "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-15", "bill_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/655", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Transfer 150 acres of Mt. Hood National Forest to expand reservoir capacity for The Dalles", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Cliff Bentz (R-OR)" ], "investment_million_usd": 1800 }, { "id": "ottawa-il-moratorium-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Ottawa", "state": "IL", "county": "LaSalle County", "lat": 41.3456, "lng": -88.8426, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-03", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Ottawa City Council established a 180-day moratorium on data centers across all zoning districts, the first such moratorium in the Illinois Valley. Mayor Robert Hasty cited the need for electrical, water, and sound guardrails before entertaining proposals, noting current zoning provides 'very little regulation' once companies receive state approvals. Commissioner Tom Ganiere supported the measure but urged it not be 'so restrictive that it scares any development away from the city.'", "sources": [ "https://www.shawlocal.com/illinois-valley/2026/03/11/ottawa-city-council-establishes-six-month-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://www.wglt.org/illinois/2026-03-18/political-will-grows-for-data-center-regulations-as-power-act-remains-in-committee", "https://goodjobsfirst.org/data-center-moratorium-bills-are-spreading-in-2026/" ], "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 180-day data centers moratorium in Ottawa", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "forney-tx-zoning-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Forney", "state": "TX", "county": "Kaufman County", "lat": 32.7482, "lng": -96.4719, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-17", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "The City of Forney, Texas, is considering new zoning rules that would formally regulate data center development within city limits. A public hearing is scheduled for March 17, 2026 on a proposed ordinance amending Forney's Comprehensive Zoning Ordinance. The amendment would include a formal definition of a data center, establish specific development regulations, and require a Conditional Use Permit (CUP) in several zoning districts. Operational requirements include full enclosure of cooling equipment, generators, and other infrastructure. The Planning and Zoning Commission has already reviewed and recommended approval.", "sources": [ "https://www.inforney.com/local-news/forney-proposes-new-rules-for-data-centers/article_51ff32ba-83f3-44aa-91c1-73c022a88384.html", "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/02/13/texas-data-centers-local-governments-power/" ], "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-14", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Require conditional use permits in Forney", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "west-finley-pa-opposition-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "West Finley Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Washington County", "lat": 39.9492, "lng": -80.4353, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-12", "status": "active", "company": "Next Generation Land Company", "hyperscaler": null, "acreage": 147, "opposition_groups": [ "Center for Coalfield Justice" ], "summary": "Center for Coalfield Justice led a protest on March 12, 2026 chanting 'Our land, our power, our land, our water' as Washington County commissioners held an invite-only 'Data Center Happy Hour' with developers including Texas-based Prime Data Centers and Florida-based Next Generation Land Company inside the George Washington Hotel. Next Generation proposed a 150,000 sq ft facility in rural West, Pennsylvania, Finley, where residents rely on well water and aquifers. Protesters cited potential impacts on 23 dairy farms and warned data centers could consume up to 5 million gallons of water per day.", "sources": [ "https://www.farmanddairy.com/news/residents-protest-data-centers-in-washington-county-pa/907467.html", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03032026/pennsylvania-data-center-resistance/", "https://www.publicsource.org/datacenters-pittsburgh-pennsylvania-energy-resistance-environment/" ], "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-14", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "transparency", "water", "noise" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Rally against Next Generation Land Company data center in West Finley Township", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "prince-william-diamond-hill-va-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Prince William County (Diamond Hill substation)", "state": "VA", "county": "Prince William County", "lat": 38.7294, "lng": -77.5363, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-11", "status": "defeated", "company": "NOVEC", "hyperscaler": null, "energy_mw": 300, "acreage": 67, "summary": "Prince William County, Virginia, Planning Commission voted 5-3 on March 11, 2026 to deny the Diamond Hill substation — a proposed 300 MW electric utility substation with a collocated Dominion Energy switching station at 13301 Casey Lane in Bristow. NOVEC proposed the facility to power the adjacent Hunter Property data center campus, but it was sited immediately behind the Amberleigh Station residential community. Commissioners cited noise, health, farmland, and historic preservation concerns.", "sources": [ "https://www.princewilliamtimes.com/localnews/planning-commission-denies-substation-for-data-centers-in-bristow/article_442f4d3b-2bea-42f5-ac48-af6167e1a709.html", "https://www.insidenova.com/news/business/prince-william-planning-commission-shuts-down-proposed-novec-substation-in-bristow/article_59a31369-9d53-494b-bee7-c8097c94cf73.html", "https://www.fox5dc.com/news/prince-william-county-leaders-shut-down-plan-build-substation-power-data-centers" ], "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-14", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "grid_energy", "noise" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Deny NOVEC 300MW data center permit in Prince William", "community_outcome": "win", "megawatts": 300, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition to Protect Prince William County" ], "opposition_website": "https://protectpwc.org" }, { "id": "beloit-wi-opposition-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Town of Beloit", "state": "WI", "county": "Rock County", "lat": 42.5083, "lng": -89.0318, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-12", "status": "active", "company": "Cambrin LLC (Meta)", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "acreage": 430, "opposition_groups": [ "No Beloit Data Center" ], "summary": "Cambrin LLC, a shell company linked to Meta, proposed a data center on approximately 430 acres in the Town of Beloit, Wisconsin. The 'No Beloit Data Center' opposition group organized community resistance, raising concerns about the project's impact on the community. The outcome is pending. Key concerns driving this action include transparency requirements and loss of farmland. ; primary local source (WIFR) names only Cambrin LLC.)", "sources": [ "https://www.wifr.com/2026/03/12/possible-data-center-near-beloit-raises-concerns-community/", "https://www.wpr.org/news/town-of-beloit-pre-development-agreement-develop-data-center", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/meta-signs-pre-development-agreement-for-data-center-in-beloit-wisconsin/" ], "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Cambrin (Meta) data center in Town of Beloit", "community_outcome": "pending", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Meta attribution comes from DCD URL slug (which names Meta", "added": "2026-04-21" }, { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently confirmed. The investment_million_usd=1000 ($1B) value for the Town of Beloit (Rock County, WI) Cambrin/Meta data center is unverifiable and conflates a SEPARATE project. (1) WPR (cited)", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "brazoria-county-nightpeak-tax-denial-tx-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Brazoria County (Old Ocean)", "state": "TX", "county": "Brazoria County", "lat": 29.1482, "lng": -95.7363, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-13", "status": "defeated", "company": "Nightpeak Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "acreage": 158, "opposition_groups": [ "Brazoria County residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Brazoria County, Texas, commissioners unanimously rejected a package of tax abatements sought by Nightpeak Energy for its proposed $3.5 billion Old Ocean Data Center campus outside Sweeny, about 65 miles southwest of Houston. The project calls for two 310-megawatt hyperscale data centers paired with two 310-megawatt combustion turbine power plants on a 158-acre site. Each data center carries a projected price tag of roughly $1.5 billion, while the power plants would cost about $250 million apiece. Commissioners declined the incentives after residents and local officials raised concerns about noise, water consumption and power demand. Local opposition partly stems from residents' experiences with another data center in nearby Brazoria that has disrupted the lives of some constituents.", "sources": [ "https://therealdeal.com/texas/2026/03/13/brazoria-county-rejects-tax-break-for-3-5b-data-center/", "https://nightpeak.energy/project/old-ocean-data-center/", "https://thefacts.com/news/brazoria-county-rejects-tax-abatement-package-for-data-center/article_132f70fc-473b-4ab2-bcb0-bb11b8b16fae.html" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "investment_usd": 3500000000, "energy_mw": 620, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Deny Nightpeak Energy data center on 158 acres in Brazoria County", "community_outcome": "win", "investment_million_usd": 3500 }, { "id": "texas-puct-large-load-rulemaking-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Texas (PUCT rulemaking)", "state": "TX", "county": null, "lat": 30.2672, "lng": -97.7431, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-06", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "acreage": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Public Citizen Texas" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Texas Public Utility Commission is implementing SB 6 through multiple rulemaking dockets. PUCT Chair Thomas Gleeson proposed rules to pare back proposed requirements for data centers seeking to connect to ERCOT, lowering fees for large loads and adding alternative standards developers can use to demonstrate site readiness. April 17, 2026 was the deadline for stakeholder comments on PUCT draft rule 16 TAC §25.194 implementing SB 6's interconnection standards for new loads of 75 MW or greater. The draft rule includes non-refundable interconnection fees of $50,000/MW of contracted peak demand, requires customers to pay 100% of direct interconnection costs (radial lines, substations), and demands additional security for transmission upgrades. ERCOT is tracking approximately 410 GW of large-load interconnection requests, ~87% from data centers.", "sources": [ "https://www.eenews.net/articles/texas-floats-plan-to-ease-data-center-approvals/", "https://www.latitudemedia.com/news/ercots-large-load-queue-has-nearly-quadrupled-in-a-single-year/", "https://www.texastribune.org/2025/10/30/texas-ercot-power-grid-data-centers-puc/", "https://www.cnbc.com/2025/12/12/ai-data-center-flood-texas-on-massive-scale.html", "https://perkinscoie.com/insights/update/sb-6-implementation-shaping-data-center-future-texas", "https://www.bwenergylaw.com/blog/2026/01/puct-signals-major-changes-ahead-for-large-load-interconnection-in-texas/", "https://www.gtlaw.com/en/insights/2026/3/texas-senate-bill-6-update-what-data-centers-large-load-customers-should-know-about-proposed-interconnection-standards" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "SB 6 (89th Legislature)", "bill_url": "https://legiscan.com/TX/bill/SB6/2025", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "water" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Implement SB 6 data center grid rules via PUCT rulemaking", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Phil King (R-TX)", "Sen. Charles Schwertner (R-TX)" ] }, { "id": "fredericksburg-va-penzance-gateway-2025-12", "jurisdiction": "Fredericksburg", "state": "VA", "county": "Fredericksburg (Independent City)", "lat": 38.3032, "lng": -77.4605, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-12-11", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Penzance Development / 1500 Gateway LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "acreage": 84, "opposition_groups": [ "Fredericksburg residents (Great Oaks Lane neighborhood)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Penzance Development / 1500 Gateway LLC proposed a 600 MW data center on 84 acres in Fredericksburg, Virginia. Residents of the Great Oaks Lane neighborhood objected to the project, citing grid strain and tax incentive concerns. The project was ultimately cancelled, representing a win for the community.", "sources": [ "https://www.fredericksburgfreepress.com/2025/12/11/second-time-not-the-charm-for-proposed-gateway-boulevard-data-center/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/data-center-campus-recommended-for-disapproval-by-fredericksburg-planning-commission/", "https://www.potomaclocal.com/2025/12/11/fredericksburg-planning-commission-rejects-1500-gateway-data-center-7-0/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 600, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Deny Penzance Development 600MW data center permit in Fredericksburg", "community_outcome": "win", "megawatts": 600, "flags": [ { "type": "status_uncertain", "note": "status reflects the Planning Commission action, not the City Council", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "prince-william-hornbaker-va-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Prince William County (Hornbaker Road)", "state": "VA", "county": "Prince William County", "lat": 38.7508, "lng": -77.4783, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-04", "status": "approved", "company": "Mortenson Development / MVJ Associates", "hyperscaler": null, "acreage": 40, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition to Protect Prince William County" ], "opposition_website": "https://protectpwc.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Prince William County Board of Supervisors voted 4-3 to approve a 571,000-square-foot data center on a 40-acre site along Prince William Parkway near Hornbaker Road. Simultaneously, the board voted 6-0 to initiate a zoning text amendment that would eliminate by-right data center development in the overlay district going forward.", "sources": [ "https://www.potomaclocal.com/2026/03/04/prince-william-supervisors-move-to-end-by-right-data-centers-in-overlay-district-but-approve-controversial-hornbaker-project-in-4-3-vote/", "https://www.insidenova.com/news/prince_william/prince-william-supervisors-approve-hornbaker-road-data-center-outside-overlay-district/article_96af4640-d753-4028-809c-d530ccda36c1.html", "https://protectpwc.org/2026/02/28/13682/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Approve Prince William data center while ending by-right approvals", "community_outcome": "loss", "megawatts": 100, "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "MobileSentrix is a chip manufacturer, not a traditional data center — categorization may be inappropriate", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "pittsylvania-county-va-berry-hill-stack-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Pittsylvania County (Berry Hill Megasite)", "state": "VA", "county": "Pittsylvania County", "lat": 36.6563, "lng": -79.3927, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "study_or_report" ], "date": "2026-03-09", "status": "approved", "company": "Stack Infrastructure (SAC III Acquisition Co.)", "hyperscaler": null, "acreage": 2990, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition for the Protection of Pittsylvania County" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/p/Coalition-for-the-Protection-of-Pittsylvania-County-61573111780700/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Danville-Pittsylvania Regional Industrial Facilities Authority unanimously approved the sale of 2,990 acres at the 3,528-acre Berry Hill Megasite to SAC III Acquisition Co., an affiliate of Stack Infrastructure, for $238,000 per acre. The project is expected to create 2,050 new jobs (avg salary $80,500) and $73 billion in investment over 30 years — the largest project in Southside Virginia's history. First phase closing is expected by June 2027. In January 2026, Pittsylvania County created a new heavy industry zoning district (M-SVMS) providing by-right zoning for data centers at the megasite. Local officials have urged the state to preserve data center tax incentives, warning that ending them would eliminate rural Virginia's opportunity to benefit from the industry. On April 20, 2026, Pittsylvania County leaders held a community meeting confirming an AI data center campus is coming to the Southern Virginia Megasite at Berry Hill (Stack Americas), projected at $73 billion in investment over 30 years and 2,050 permanent jobs averaging $85,000 in salary. The draft performance agreement was expected to be finalized within two weeks. Officials addressed concerns about job creation, electric rates (Appalachian Power, separate from Danville Utilities), water (sourced through an Eden, NC pipeline; closed-loop systems), and incentives. State officials warned the project would not proceed if the data center sales-tax exemption is repealed.", "sources": [ "https://cardinalnews.org/2026/03/10/73-billion-project-at-pittsylvania-megasite-would-be-largest-in-southside-history/", "https://virginiabusiness.com/berry-hill-megasite-data-center-stack-infrastructure/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/stack-set-to-acquire-site-in-pittsylvania-county-virginia/", "https://www.wsls.com/news/local/2026/03/11/new-73-billion-investment-could-revolutionize-pittsylvania-county-but-concerns-over-data-centers-remain/", "https://cardinalnews.org/2026/03/11/2050-jobs-at-80500-headed-for-pittsylvania-county-that-could-complicate-data-center-tax-talks-and-vindicate-youngkin/", "https://cardinalnews.org/2026/04/22/an-ai-data-center-at-megasite-will-create-2000-permanent-positions-pittsylvania-county-officials-promise/", "https://cardinalnews.org/2026/04/21/pittsylvania-county-has-2050-jobs-at-risk-in-data-center-tax-debate-will-a-change-in-law-cause-them-to-disappear/", "https://www.wsls.com/news/local/2026/04/21/pittsylvania-county-leaders-confirm-data-centers-are-coming-lay-out-plan/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "investment_usd": 73000000000, "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Stack Infrastructure data center over environmental harm", "community_outcome": "loss", "investment_million_usd": 73000 }, { "id": "virginia-budget-tax-exemption-stalemate-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Virginia (budget/tax exemption stalemate)", "state": "VA", "county": null, "lat": 37.5407, "lng": -77.436, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-06-22", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "acreage": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition", "Piedmont Environmental Council", "Sierra Club Virginia Chapter" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Virginia's Democratic-controlled legislature missed a critical budget deadline as lawmakers remain deadlocked over data center tax exemptions. The sales tax exemption cost the Commonwealth $1.6 billion in forgone revenue in FY2025 — up from the $1.5 million originally estimated in 2008. The Senate proposes accelerating the sunset from 2035 to January 1, 2027 and using the revenue for child care and school construction; the House would tie the exemption to environmental compliance. Gov. Spanberger sides with the House position. The IBEW has lobbied to protect data centers. SB 253 would allow the SCC to shift electricity distribution and capacity auction costs from residential customers to data centers demanding 25+ MW. UPDATE 2026-04-23: Virginia's special legislative session opened April 23, 2026 to resolve the budget impasse and recessed the same day with no agreement. The data center sales-and-use tax exemption (~$1.6B/yr) remains the central dispute. The Data Center Coalition (Josh Levi) said the industry offered concessions; the Senate (Lucas) and House (Torian) positions remain unreconciled. [Update 2026-06-22: On June 22, 2026, the Virginia General Assembly passed its FY2027-FY2028 budget (Senate 23-16; cleared the House), ending months of deadlock over data center taxation. The compromise creates a new Data Center Electricity Consumption Tax of $0.011 per kWh, capped at $600 million/year (~$1.2 billion over the biennium, enabled only for two years), while...]", "sources": [ "https://www.vpm.org/generalassembly/2026-03-12/budget-data-center-tax-break-scott-lucas-spanberger-torian-rephann", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/03/11/clock-ticking-on-virginia-budget-as-democrats-clash-over-data-center-tax-break/", "https://fortune.com/2026/03/11/virginia-data-centers-tax-breaks/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/02/10/bill-would-put-more-energy-costs-on-data-centers-slash-residential-customerss-rates/", "https://news.bloombergtax.com/daily-tax-report-state/virginia-impasse-over-data-center-tax-break-punts-budget-talks", "https://cardinalnews.org/2026/03/14/the-2026-general-assembly-session-wraps-with-no-budget-special-session-on-the-horizon/", "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/3/30/virginia-lawmakers-pass-15-data-center-bills-as-tax-exemption-fight-looms", "https://cardinalnews.org/2026/04/23/first-day-of-the-budget-special-session-ends-without-an-agreement-on-data-center-tax-exemptions/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/04/23/virginia-lawmakers-adjourn-special-session-without-a-budget-deal/", { "url": "https://www.wtvr.com/news/virginia-politics/budget-approved-june-22-2026", "title": "Virginia lawmakers approve two-year budget after months of debate over data center taxes (WTVR)" }, { "url": "https://www.wvtf.org/news/2026-06-22/legislators-advocates-on-virginias-new-data-center-tax-and-regulation-scheme-a-good-first-step", "title": "Legislators, advocates on Virginia's new data center tax and regulation scheme: 'A good first step' (WVTF)" }, { "url": "https://www.virginiascope.com/general-assembly-budget-proposal-expected-to-generate-600-million-a-year-in-revenue-from-data-centers/", "title": "General Assembly budget proposal expected to generate $600 million a year in revenue from data centers (Virginia Scope)" }, { "url": "https://www.13newsnow.com/article/news/local/virginia/virginia-va-senate-house-bipartisan-state-budget-special-session-spanberger/291-7e4f4797-9d7b-40c5-a3d2-6e8604baba98", "title": "Virginia General Assembly approves budget with data center tax changes, teacher raises (13News Now)" } ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Reduce data center tax exemptions via SB 253", "community_outcome": "mixed", "bill_name": "SB 253", "bill_url": "https://lis.virginia.gov/bill-details/20261/SB253", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Louise Lucas (D-VA)" ] }, { "id": "valley-link-transmission-va-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "Central Virginia (Valley Link 765kV line)", "state": "VA", "county": null, "lat": 37.8438, "lng": -78.4439, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-19", "status": "active", "company": "Valley Link (Dominion Energy / FirstEnergy / Transource Energy)", "hyperscaler": null, "acreage": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop MARL Virginia / Stop Valley Link Virginia", "Piedmont Environmental Council", "Fluvanna County residents", "Louisa County Board of Supervisors", "Orange County residents", "Fauquier County Board of Supervisors", "Appomattox County residents" ], "opposition_website": "https://stopmarlvirginia.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 300, "summary": "Valley Link — a joint venture of Dominion Energy, FirstEnergy Transmission, and Transource Energy — plans a $1 billion, 115-mile, 765-kilovolt transmission line from Campbell County (Joshua Falls substation) to Culpeper County. Opposition continues to intensify across nine affected counties. Orange County Board meeting was packed on March 25; Louisa County officials formally pushed back March 19; Fluvanna County residents opposed March 11; Appomattox County joined opposition. Fauquier County Board of Supervisors adopted a resolution opposing the line on April 7, 2026. Opponents argue the line primarily serves Northern Virginia data centers but impacts rural Central Virginia farmland. The SCC filing is planned for approximately September 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.29news.com/2026/03/11/fluvanna-county-community-members-push-back-against-proposed-1-billion-transmission-line-project/", "https://www.cvilletomorrow.org/valley-link-seeks-community-input-on-proposed-transmission-line-route-through-central-virginia/", "https://cardinalnews.org/2026/03/12/massive-power-transmission-line-planned-for-campbell-to-culpeper/", "https://www.pecva.org/work/energy-work/transmission/an-electric-super-highway-through-the-piedmont/", "https://www.wric.com/news/local-news/neighbors-concerns-valley-link-transmission-line-project/", "https://www.29news.com/2026/02/19/1-billion-115-mile-electric-transmission-line-project-planned-parts-central-virginia/", "https://www.29news.com/2026/03/25/orange-community-members-pack-board-meeting-oppose-proposed-1-billion-transmission-line/", "https://cardinalnews.org/2026/03/26/valley-link-power-transmission-proposal-meets-a-growing-organized-resistance/", "https://www.vpm.org/news/2026-03-27/joshua-falls-yeat-valley-link-electric-transmission-pjm-energy-grid", "https://www.12onyourside.com/2026/04/07/debate-intensifies-over-valley-link-transmission-project/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": "R", "investment_usd": 1000000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Block $1B, 115-mile, 765kV Valley Link transmission line through Central Virginia", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "chesterfield-va-dominion-gas-plant-2025-11", "jurisdiction": "Chesterfield County (Dominion gas plant)", "state": "VA", "county": "Chesterfield County", "lat": 37.3733, "lng": -77.3825, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-11-25", "status": "active", "company": "Dominion Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "acreage": 95, "opposition_groups": [ "Friends of Chesterfield", "Chesterfield NAACP", "Appalachian Voices", "Mothers Out Front", "Southern Environmental Law Center" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Dominion Energy's proposed 944-MW gas peaker plant — the Chesterfield, Virginia, Energy Reliability Center — would be built on the site of a former coal plant retired in 2018, near the Dutch Gap conservation area. The SCC reaffirmed its approval of the project, declining to reconsider. SELC has pivoted to an air permit appeal in Richmond Circuit Court under the Environmental Justice Act, arguing the facility would disproportionately affect nearby communities.", "sources": [ "https://virginiamercury.com/2025/12/25/state-regulators-clear-controversial-chesterfield-peaker-plant/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2025/11/25/scc-approves-chesterfield-gas-plant-and-dominion-rate-hike-creates-new-rate-class-for-data-centers/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/24022026/southern-environmental-law-center-challenges-dominion-gas-plant-approval/", "https://www.canarymedia.com/articles/utilities/virginia-dominion-chesterfield-gas-data-center-demand", "https://virginiamercury.com/briefs/scc-declines-to-reconsider-chesterfield-gas-plant-approval-advocacy-groups-appeal-air-permit/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-24", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "energy_mw": 944, "investment_usd": 1470000000, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Challenge Dominion Energy 944 MW gas peaker plant near Dutch Gap conservation area", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "virginia-deq-diesel-generators-2025-12", "jurisdiction": "Virginia (DEQ diesel generator guidance)", "state": "VA", "county": null, "lat": 37.5407, "lng": -77.436, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-12-17", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "acreage": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Piedmont Environmental Council", "Sierra Club Virginia Chapter", "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Virginia's DEQ proposed guidance expanding the definition of 'emergency' to include planned utility outages, allowing data centers to run dirtier Tier II diesel backup generators more frequently. Over 500 public comments were submitted, overwhelmingly objected to. VCU research found data center diesel generator emissions in Northern Virginia increased dramatically from 2015-2023: CO up 196%, NOx up 111%, particulate matter up 139%. In a worst-case scenario, backup generators could release 9,000 tons of NOx annually — equal to half of all typical Northern Virginia emissions. Del. John McAuliff (D-Loudoun) introduced legislation requiring data centers to use battery storage first, limiting Tier IV generators to emergencies, and banning Tier II generators entirely. The 2026 legislative session is also considering bills from Sen. Creigh Deeds and Del. Rip Sullivan to limit diesel generator use at data centers. [Validation 2026-06-21: outcome -> 'loss' per https://www.princewilliamtimes.com/localnews/despite-hundreds-of-complaints-va-eases-its-rules-on-dirtier-data-center-generators/article_4739de1c-04fc-4843-8b8b-7494b7531ad0.html.]", "sources": [ "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/01/14/as-2026-legislative-session-starts-data-centers-diesel-generators-are-a-top-concern-for-virginians/", "https://www.vpm.org/news/2025-12-17/virginia-data-centers-diesel-backup-generators-deq-loudoun-turner-dowd", "https://news.vcu.edu/article/northern-virginia-data-center-air-pollution-rivals-power-plant-emissions", "https://www.sierraclub.org/virginia/blog/2026/01/looser-rules-dirtier-air-data-centers-and-diesel-pollution-virginia" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Ban diesel backup generators at data centers in VA", "community_outcome": "loss", "bill_name": "HB 507 (Tier IV Generator Requirement)", "bill_url": "https://lis.virginia.gov/bill-details/20261/HB507", "sponsors": [ "Del. John McAuliff (D-VA)" ] }, { "id": "loudoun-county-va-golden-mars-transmission-2025-12", "jurisdiction": "Loudoun County (Golden-Mars transmission line)", "state": "VA", "county": "Loudoun County", "lat": 39.0437, "lng": -77.4875, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-16", "status": "approved", "company": "Dominion Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "acreage": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Loudoun Valley Estates residents", "Loudoun County School Board", "Piedmont Environmental Council" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Residents of Loudoun Valley Estates in Ashburn challenged a proposed 500-kilovolt high-voltage transmission line connecting Golden and Mars substations, part of a reliability loop to bring more power to data centers on Ashburn's eastern side (by Dominion Energy). Over 1,000 written statements were submitted to the SCC and 500+ people registered to speak. The 165-foot lines require wide clearances, raising health concerns for nearby residents. The Loudoun County School Board voted against routes that would affect school zones. The evidentiary hearing ran January 8-15, 2026. On April 9, 2026, the SCC approved the Golden-to-Mars line (choosing Route 4, ~8.3 miles) and rejected undergrounding as not technically feasible; the final route depends on whether the Loudoun County School Board grants easements (SCC set a July 2, 2026 deadline). The controversy has pushed Loudoun County leaders to look at moving away from further data center growth.", "sources": [ "https://virginiamercury.com/2025/12/16/loudoun-residents-take-fight-against-high-voltage-power-lines-for-data-center-alley-to-scc/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2025/08/14/loudoun-county-neighbors-fight-proposed-dominion-transmission-lines-for-data-center-alley/", "https://www.loudounnow.com/news/with-transmission-line-controversies-local-leaders-look-to-move-away-from-data-center-growth/article_47e9742b-5917-4a8d-8af1-f3ce92456992.html", "https://www.pecva.org/region/loudoun/golden-to-mars-transmission-line-comment-period-extended/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose transmission lines for Dominion Energy data center", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "california-sb-887-ca-2026-01-13", "jurisdiction": "California (SB 887)", "state": "CA", "county": null, "lat": 38.5816, "lng": -121.4944, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-13", "status": "pending", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 887 - CEQA: Data Centers", "bill_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB887", "summary": "California SB 887 would remove CEQA exemptions for data centers and only allow gubernatorial certification as 'environmental leadership' projects if they pay full interconnection costs, achieve 100% zero-carbon electricity within 5 years, and implement water-efficient cooling. The bill is pending in the Legislature.", "sources": [ "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB887", "https://sd18.senate.ca.gov/news/bills-protecting-ratepayers-data-center-costs-and-incentivizing-sustainable-tech", "https://www.kpbs.org/news/environment/2026/01/21/the-plan-to-build-a-massive-data-center-in-imperial-county-without-environmental-review" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-16", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Remove CEQA exemptions and mandate 100% zero-carbon electricity for data centers in California", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Steve Padilla (D-CA)" ] }, { "id": "california-sb-1168-ca-2026-02-18", "jurisdiction": "California (SB 1168)", "state": "CA", "county": null, "lat": 38.5816, "lng": -121.4944, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-18", "status": "pending", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 1168 - Data Centers: Natural Gas and Electricity Surcharges", "bill_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1168", "summary": "California SB 1168, introduced by Sen. Jerry McNerney, would impose surcharges on natural gas and electricity consumed by large data centers (20+ MW). Revenue from the surcharges would be directed to the California Public Utilities Commission to fund the CARE and FERA low-income rate assistance programs, which serve over 1.4 million Californians. The bill aims to ensure data centers contribute to rate stabilization and prevent their enormous energy demands from driving up costs for residential ratepayers. The bill is pending in the Legislature.", "sources": [ "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB1168", "https://www.eenews.net/articles/bill-calls-for-california-data-centers-to-shoulder-more-energy-costs/", "https://news.bloombergtax.com/daily-tax-report-state/california-to-consider-taxing-data-centers-for-energy-rate-hikes" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-16", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Impose energy surcharges on data centers to fund rate relief", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. McNerney (D-CA)" ] }, { "id": "california-ab-2619-ca-2026-02-20", "jurisdiction": "California (AB 2619)", "state": "CA", "county": null, "lat": 38.5816, "lng": -121.4944, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-20", "status": "pending", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "AB 2619 - Water Resources: Data Centers", "bill_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB2619", "summary": "California AB 2619 would establish comprehensive water reporting requirements with three data center size categories: hyperscale (>25 MW), mid-range (2-25 MW), and small (<2 MW). The bill requires water consumption disclosure before business license issuance and directs DWR and CEC to develop best practices by January 2029. The bill is pending in the Legislature.", "sources": [ "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB2619", "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/3/3/state-data-center-water-usage-legislation-gains-momentum", "https://mavensnotebook.com/2026/02/11/new-report-regulating-data-center-water-use-in-california/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-16", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Mandate data center water usage disclosure in CA", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Asm. Diane Papan (D-CA)" ] }, { "id": "provo-ut-denial-2026-03-11", "jurisdiction": "City of Provo", "state": "UT", "county": "Utah County", "lat": 40.2338, "lng": -111.6585, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-11", "status": "defeated", "scope": "local", "company": "B+F Timpanogos Tech", "hyperscaler": null, "acreage": 9, "summary": "The Provo City, Utah, Council voted unanimously (7-0) on March 11, 2026 to deny a zoning change for a proposed AI data center at 1507 S. 180 East in the East Bay area. Developer B+F Timpanogos Tech had requested to have property rezoned to an industrial commercial data center overlay zone for a 66,000 sq ft, 5 MW facility (scalable to 50 MW) on 9 acres. Council members said the city needs to complete its economic development study before making long-term land-use decisions of this nature. Lingering concerns about power consumption and community impact drove the unanimous rejection. Correction: megawatts figure cleared — reported as a 6–10 MW allocation, not 30 MW.", "sources": [ "https://www.ksl.com/article/51461110/provo-city-council-denies-zoning-change-for-proposed-data-center", "https://www.abc4.com/news/wasatch-front/provo-ai-data-center-not-approved-zoning-city-council/", "https://www.heraldextra.com/news/2026/mar/11/provo-city-council-denies-rezoning-request-for-data-center-at-east-bay/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/city-council-of-provo-utah-votes-against-data-center-rezoning-proposal/", "https://www.abc4.com/news/wasatch-front/ai-data-center-coming-provo-east-bay/", "https://www.heraldextra.com/news/2026/feb/18/provo-planning-commission-recommends-to-city-council-rezoning-approval-for-data-center/", "https://kutv.com/news/local/proposed-provo-data-center-raises-questions-about-power-use" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Provo East District residents (ad hoc)", "Provo East District residents" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "energy_mw": 30, "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Deny B+F Timpanogos Tech rezoning of 9 acres in City of Provo", "community_outcome": "win", "megawatts": null }, { "id": "minnesota-nda-ban-bill-mn-2026-03-12", "jurisdiction": "Minnesota (Statewide)", "state": "MN", "county": null, "lat": 44.9553, "lng": -93.1022, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-12", "status": "dead", "scope": "statewide", "company": "Google / Microsoft", "hyperscaler": "Google", "summary": "Bipartisan bill HF4077/SF4379 to ban local government officials from signing NDAs with data center developers is advancing through both chambers. The Senate version passed two committees and awaits a floor vote; the House version was pulled back for one more committee (Judiciary). Four legislators from opposite ends of the political spectrum held a joint press conference on April 8 promoting the bill. Minnesota Chamber of Commerce opposes it. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: The NDA-ban bill (HF 4077/SF 4379) deadlocked 7-7 in House Judiciary in April and never reached the floor before MN sine die May 18.", "sources": [ "https://www.keyc.com/2026/04/08/minnesota-lawmakers-push-ban-ndas-with-data-centers-bipartisan-effort/", "https://www.axios.com/local/twin-cities/2026/04/09/lawmakers-unite-on-bill-to-ban-ndas-for-data-centers", "https://www.kvrr.com/2026/04/09/bipartisan-bill-banning-local-officials-from-signing-ndas-moving-through-legislature/", "https://www.fox9.com/news/minnesota-data-centers-bill-ban-nondisclosure-agreements-march-12", { "url": "https://www.minnpost.com/state-government/2026/04/ndas-setback-in-house-ban-on-secretive-agreements/", "title": "MN NDA ban setback in House" } ], "opposition_groups": [], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "bill_name": "HF 4077", "bill_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/bills/94/2026/0/HF/4077/", "issue_category": [ "transparency" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Ban data center development NDAs via SF 4298", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Jen McEwen (DFL-MN)" ], "investment_million_usd": 650, "acreage": 403 }, { "id": "alabama-senate-sb-270-passed-al-2026-03-13", "jurisdiction": "Alabama (Statewide)", "state": "AL", "county": null, "lat": 32.3617, "lng": -86.2792, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-13", "status": "passed", "scope": "statewide", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "The Alabama Senate passed SB270 on March 13, 2026, sponsored by Sen. Lance Bell (R-Pell City). The bill requires the Public Service Commission to review contracts between utilities and large-scale data centers (150+ MW) to ensure they are 'in the public interest.' The bill passed the House 104-0 and was signed by Governor Kay Ivey on April 10, 2026. Key provisions: incremental infrastructure costs must be recovered from the data center, not existing ratepayers; contracts must provide positive benefits to all other retail electric customers. UPDATE 2026-04-21: Alabama legislative session adjourned sine die on April 9, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.alreporter.com/2026/03/13/alabama-senate-passes-bill-to-rein-in-data-center-tax-incentives/", "https://alison.legislature.state.al.us/files/pdf/SearchableInstruments/2026RS/SB270-int.pdf", "https://www.wbrc.com/2026/02/05/alabama-senate-bills-target-data-center-incentives-utility-regulation/", "https://alabamareflector.com/2026/03/13/what-passed-in-the-alabama-legislature-march-10-12-2026/", "https://aldailynews.com/bills-moving-to-lessen-state-incentives-for-data-centers-require-them-to-pay-for-energy-increases/", "https://alabamareflector.com/2026/04/10/what-passed-in-the-alabama-legislature-april-7-9-2026/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/10042026/alabama-legislature-adjourns/" ], "opposition_groups": [], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "bill_name": "SB 270", "bill_url": "https://alison.legislature.state.al.us/files/pdf/SearchableInstriments/2026RS/SB270-int.pdf", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Shield ratepayers from data center costs via SB270", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Lance Bell (R-AL)" ] }, { "id": "pennsylvania-shapiro-grid-standards-pa-2026-03-10", "jurisdiction": "Pennsylvania (Statewide)", "state": "PA", "county": null, "lat": 40.2732, "lng": -76.8867, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-10", "status": "active", "scope": "statewide", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "summary": "In Pennsylvania, Governor Josh Shapiro announced GRID (Governor's Responsible Infrastructure Development) standards for data centers, offering expedited 'Fast Track' permitting in exchange for commitments to water conservation, local hiring, And independent power generation. Two Amazon data centers in Salem Township and Falls Township are the first projects in the program. Separately, the PA House Energy Committee advanced two bills along party lines on March 9: one requiring annual water and energy use reporting, another creating model zoning guidelines for municipalities. Environmental advocates expressed concern about the voluntary nature of GRID and the lack of enforcement mechanisms without legislative cooperation from the GOP-controlled Senate.", "sources": [ "https://www.spotlightpa.org/news/2026/03/data-centers-josh-shapiro-permitting-water-energy-jobs-regulation-environment/", "https://newtownpanow.com/2026/03/13/governor-wants-to-incentivize-data-centers-to-be-better-neighbors/", "https://www.wesa.fm/politics-government/2026-03-09/lawmakers-bill-data-center-construction", "https://radio.wpsu.org/2026-03-10/shapiro-wants-to-incentivize-data-centers-to-be-better-neighbors-will-that-work" ], "opposition_groups": [ "FracTracker Alliance", "Concerned Citizens of Montour County" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Launch GRID fast-track permitting standards in Pennsylvania", "community_outcome": "pending", "bill_name": "HB 2150 (Data Center Energy and Water Reporting Act)", "bill_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/billinfo/billinfo.cfm?syear=2025&sind=0&body=H&type=B&bn=2150", "sponsors": [ "Gov. Josh Shapiro (D-PA)" ] }, { "id": "wyoming-evanston-prometheus-wy-2026", "jurisdiction": "Evanston (Uinta County)", "state": "WY", "county": "Uinta County", "lat": 41.2683, "lng": -110.9632, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-14", "status": "approved", "scope": "local", "company": "Prometheus Hyperscale", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Prometheus Hyperscale is developing a 1.2-gigawatt data center near Evanston on the Wyoming-Utah border, courting both Meta and Microsoft as potential tenants. Uinta County commissioners approved a letter of intent for a 'workforce hub' providing temporary housing for up to 3,000 construction workers on 997 acres of county-owned property adjacent to Bear River State Park. Environmental groups have objected to the project citing enormous energy and water consumption. Over 200 environmental organizations nationally have cited such projects as needing better regulations before approval. [Validation 2026-06-18: status updated to 'approved' per https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/prometheus-hyperscale-secures-unanimous-conditional-use-permit-approval-from-uinta-county-commissioners-302803665.html.]", "sources": [ "https://cowboystatedaily.com/2026/02/14/data-center-near-evanston-is-talking-to-microsoft-meta/", "https://www.uintacountyherald.com/stories/county-officials-sign-letters-of-support-for-incoming-data-center,107999", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/prometheus-hyperscale-to-power-wyoming-data-center-with-natural-gas-will-offset-through-carbon-capture/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Wyoming Outdoor Council" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Prometheus Hyperscale data center over water in Evanston", "community_outcome": "pending", "investment_million_usd": 15000 }, { "id": "wyoming-statewide-rate-protection-wy-2026", "jurisdiction": "Wyoming (statewide)", "state": "WY", "county": null, "lat": 41.1399, "lng": -104.8202, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-16", "status": "pending", "scope": "statewide", "company": "Microsoft / Meta / Crusoe", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "summary": "Wyoming faces 12.8 GW of announced data center projects that would more than double statewide electrical demand, sparking fears of soaring residential electric rates (Microsoft, Meta, Crusoe among named developers). While the state has an existing ratepayer protection law (statute 37-3-116 from 2019) preventing new large load customers from obligating existing customers for utility costs, the Wyoming Outdoor Council has published a white paper calling for additional legislation. As of the Feb 9, 2026 budget session kickoff, no specific rate protection bill had been filed; a voluntary 'Ratepayer Protection Pledge' emerged in March 2026. Legislators are expected to consider additional measures in future sessions.", "sources": [ "https://cowboystatedaily.com/2025/10/13/wyomings-data-center-boom-sparks-fears-of-soaring-electric-rates/", "https://www.governing.com/infrastructure/data-center-boom-threatens-to-overload-wyomings-power-system", "https://www.wyomingpublicmedia.org/open-spaces/2026-01-16/bigger-data-centers-are-coming-how-can-wyoming-get-ahead-of-the-boom", "https://www.wyomingpublicmedia.org/natural-resources-energy/2026-03-06/ratepayer-protection-pledge-aims-to-keep-energy-costs-down-amid-data-center-boom" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Wyoming Outdoor Council" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Shield residential ratepayers from data center costs in WY", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Wyoming Outdoor Council" ], "acreage": 945, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified against all four cited sources. The acreage=945 figure appears in NONE of them: cowboystatedaily (only mentions an unrelated 250-acre Michigan project), governing.com (no acreag", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "nebraska-sarpy-county-tax-loss-ne-2026", "jurisdiction": "Sarpy County", "state": "NE", "county": "Sarpy County", "lat": 41.1128, "lng": -96.1131, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Meta/Google", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Sarpy County, Nebraska, Board of Commissioners formally objected to state data center tax incentive legislation (LB209), testifying that the county loses $5.8 million in personal property tax revenue annually from existing data center tax incentives. Research shows a net fiscal loss of $10.02 million per year during the incentive period. Meta is expanding its Sarpy campus to nine buildings across 4 million sq ft on 500+ acres in Springfield. A statewide tax incentive audit found $1.2 billion in lost revenue across incentive programs over four fiscal years.", "sources": [ "https://update.legislature.ne.gov/?p=33630", "https://www.multistate.us/insider/2026/2/4/states-rethink-data-center-tax-incentives-as-costs-soar" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Sarpy County Board of Commissioners" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose tax incentives for Meta/Google in Sarpy County", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Meta/Google not named in cited sources; Sarpy County has well-known facilities from both historically but the specific sources don't confirm", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "alabama-huntsville-meta-noise-al-2026", "jurisdiction": "Huntsville (Madison County)", "state": "AL", "county": "Madison County", "lat": 34.7304, "lng": -86.5861, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-19", "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Meta", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "summary": "", "sources": [ "https://www.apr.org/news/2026-02-19/two-alabama-cities-two-very-different-receptions-for-big-data-centers", "https://abc3340.com/news/abc-3340-news-iteam/power-progress-alabamas-data-center-boom-abc-3340-town-hall-thursday-at-4-pm-continuing-coverage" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Madison County residents" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "noise" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Meta data center over noise in Huntsville", "community_outcome": "pending", "acreage": 600, "investment_million_usd": 1500, "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "[UNVERIFIED — entry contained fabricated content; mayor name 'Tommy Dispute' does not exist (actual Huntsville mayor is Tommy Battle); cited APR source is about Columbiana/Bessemer not Huntsville; Meta's 2nd Alabama DC is in Montgomery County, not Huntsville. West Ridge Drive noise concerns from resident Harold Greenleaf are real but broader entry needs full re-sourcing.]", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "fayetteville-nc-zoning-ban-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Fayetteville", "state": "NC", "county": "Cumberland County", "lat": 35.0527, "lng": -78.8784, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-05", "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": "CHI Acquisitions LP", "summary": "Fayetteville, North Carolina, City Council voted in early March 2026 to remove data centers as a permitted use from ALL zoning categories within city limits. A pending application by CHI Acquisitions LP for a 300,000 sq ft facility on 37 acres was denied by the Planning and Zoning Commission. CHI appealed; the City Council will make a final decision on March 19. The CHI Acquisitions LP appeal hearing was scheduled for March 19 at 6 PM at City Hall. CHI's application predates the zoning ban so it remains eligible for consideration. CHI Acquisitions/Crow Holdings withdrew their appeal on March 18, one day before the council vote. Councilman Emmett Spurlock called it \"the power of the people.\" On April 13, 2026, the Fayetteville City Council voted 5-4 to PAUSE further ordinance work and directed staff to prepare a formal moratorium presentation, signaling the council may replace the zoning removal with a time-limited moratorium while broader rules are developed. Outcome remains a partial win for opposition.", "sources": [ "https://thecitizen.com/2026/03/16/data-center-decision-comes-thursday-for-fayetteville-council/", "https://www.cityviewnc.com/stories/fayetteville-council-clashes-over-who-should-shape-citys-data-center-rules/", "https://thecitizen.com/2026/03/19/data-center-appeal-withdrawn-in-fayetteville-the-power-of-the-people/" ], "acreage": 37, "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Ban data centers in all zones in Fayetteville", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_groups": [ "Fayetteville Freedom for All" ] }, { "id": "washington-township-macomb-mi-2026", "jurisdiction": "Washington Township (Macomb County)", "state": "MI", "county": "Macomb County", "lat": 42.7377, "lng": -82.9937, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-11", "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": "Prologis", "hyperscaler": null, "acreage": 312, "summary": "Prologis is seeking to rezone 312 acres on 32 Mile Road for a Microsoft data center. The Planning Commission has postponed the rezoning decision four times (Jan -> Feb -> April -> June 11) as the township, Michigan, works on zoning ordinance amendments. Hundreds of residents have packed multiple hearings in opposition, citing water, noise, traffic, and loss of rural character. CNBC Microsoft article was about Lowell Township (Kent County), not Washington Township (Macomb County). No confirmed hyperscaler for this Prologis project. RESOLVED May 23, 2026: Washington Township Board approved a 6-month moratorium (Resolution 2026-14, runs until zoning is amended ~summer 2026) and Prologis withdrew its 312-acre data center proposal.", "sources": [ "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/03/washington-township-delays-data-center-decision/", "https://www.macombdaily.com/2026/03/11/washington-twp-data-center-zoning-request-postponed-yet-again-heres-why/", "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/01/07/microsoft-behind-controversial-data-center-in-michigan-township.html", { "url": "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-may-25-2026/", "title": "Data Centers daily notes May 25 2026 (Washington Twp Macomb)" }, { "url": "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/04/washington-township-weighs-data-center-impacts/", "title": "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/04/washington-township-weighs-data-center-impacts/" } ], "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Washington Township Data Center" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "farmland", "noise", "traffic", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Block Prologis rezoning of 312 acres in Washington Township", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "washington-county-pa-protest-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Washington County (protest)", "state": "PA", "county": "Washington County", "lat": 40.174, "lng": -80.2462, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-12", "status": "active", "scope": "local", "summary": "Residents and the Center for Coalfield Justice protested in Washington County, PA on March 12 as County Commissioners held an invite-only meeting with data center developers at the George Washington Hotel, chanting 'Our land, our power, our land, our water.' CNX Resources' Zediker Station site and other proposed projects drew opposition. Part of a broader PA movement where 50+ data center plans face growing opposition.", "sources": [ "https://www.farmanddairy.com/news/residents-protest-data-centers-in-washington-county-pa/907467.html", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/03032026/pennsylvania-data-center-resistance/", "https://www.alleghenyfront.org/washington-county-data-center-development/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Center for Coalfield Justice" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Protest secretive meeting between officials and data center developers", "community_outcome": "pending", "company": "CNX Resources / JLL (Zediker Station)" }, { "id": "kline-township-schuylkill-county-pa-2026-01-17", "jurisdiction": "Kline Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Schuylkill County", "lat": 40.885, "lng": -75.98, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-17", "status": "active", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 178, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 346, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Physicians for Social Responsibility Pennsylvania" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.psrpa.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "AWS purchased 346 acres for $178M in Kline Township, Pennsylvania, Schuylkill County and plans a 2.5M sq ft hyperscale campus with nine two-story data center buildings on Lofty Road (by Amazon/AWS). Residents are pushing back at community meetings, demanding more details about environmental and infrastructure impacts. AWS argues the development fits within existing industrial zoning.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/aws-plans-25-million-sq-ft-data-center-campus-in-kline-township-pennsylvania/", "https://www.republicanherald.com/2026/03/03/kline-twp-residents-push-back-against-amazon-data-center/", "https://fox56.com/news/local/locals-express-concern-regarding-amazons-plans-for-kline-twp-data-center" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "traffic" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Oppose Amazon Web Services (AWS) data center in Kline Township", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "olyphant-borough-pa-2026-03-31", "jurisdiction": "Olyphant Borough", "state": "PA", "county": "Lackawanna County", "lat": 41.4683, "lng": -75.6027, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-04-14", "status": "pending", "company": "Sansone Group", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 80, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Archbald Neighborhood Association" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Olyphant Borough Council on April 14, 2026 rejected a proposed data center zoning amendment after residents argued the regulations were too lax (covering setbacks, noise, water usage, environmental impact). Immediately after rejection, the council introduced a \"curative amendment\" under Section 609.2 of Pennsylvania's Municipalities Planning Code, giving the borough 180 days to revise its zoning ordinance and protect it from legal challenges in the meantime. PA law prohibits municipalities from outright banning a land use, so the curative amendment is the procedural path to develop stronger restrictions. No formal data center application is currently before the borough.", "sources": [ "https://fox56.com/news/local/olyphant-council-rejects-data-center-zoning-plan-then-opens-180-day-curative-amendment", "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-april-15-2026/", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2026/03/08/olyphant-archbald-to-hold-hearings-on-data-centers/", "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2026/01/02/olyphant-prepares-data-center-legislation/", "https://www.spotlightpa.org/news/2026/03/pennsylvania-data-centers-archbald-ai-evictions-environment/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Adopt data center zoning standards in Olyphant Borough", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "nesquehoning-carbon-county-pa-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Nesquehoning Borough", "state": "PA", "county": "Carbon County", "lat": 40.865, "lng": -75.81, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "active", "company": "Bitfarms Ltd.", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 350, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Save Carbon County" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Canadian company Bitfarms Ltd. proposes a 350MW high-performance computing facility near the Panther Creek Power Plant, initially used for Bitcoin mining. Goal to start construction mid-2026. Unlike many PA locations, Nesquehoning (in the economically distressed Panther Valley area) has shown some local support and has already issued permits. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'loss' per https://www.tnonline.com/20260224/nesquehoning-planners-ok-bitfarms-complex/.]", "sources": [ "https://www.wnep.com/article/news/local/carbon-county/nesquehoning-residents-voice-concerns-over-proposed-data-center-carbon-county-bitfarms-ltd-bitcoin/523-571bdbff-9045-4abc-9eef-5299cbdfcfc4", "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2026-02-28/least-worst-option-carbon-county-community-faces-data-center-challenges" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Bitfarms data center in Nesquehoning Borough", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "salem-township-luzerne-county-pa-2026-03-17", "jurisdiction": "Salem Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Luzerne County", "lat": 41.075, "lng": -76.225, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-17", "status": "active", "company": "QTS Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 580, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 1700, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Concerned Citizens of Montour County", "FracTracker Alliance" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 3000, "summary": "QTS has spent $580M acquiring dozens of properties in Salem Township, Pennsylvania, for a data center campus, situated west of Amazon's planned campus near Talen Energy's nuclear plant. Amazon is planning 15+ buildings and signed an $18B deal with Talen Energy for 1.92GW of nuclear power through 2042. A petition with ~3,000 signatures (2x the township population) opposes the projects. AWS attribution inferred; QTS (Blackstone-owned) serves multiple hyperscalers, and Talen's public AWS deal is separate. Not confirmed for this QTS campus specifically.", "sources": [ "https://www.citizensvoice.com/2026/03/17/national-developer-spends-300-million-on-land-for-salem-twp-data-centers/", "https://nonprofitquarterly.org/a-canary-in-a-coal-mine-amazons-luzerne-county-data-center/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/qts-acquires-1700-acres-of-land-in-pennsylvania-for-data-center-development/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "3000-signature petition opposing QTS Data Centers data center", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Amazon/AWS': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "sugarloaf-ppl-transmission-luzerne-county-pa-2026-02-24", "jurisdiction": "Sugarloaf Township / Hazle Twp / Black Creek Twp / Nescopeck Twp", "state": "PA", "county": "Luzerne County", "lat": 41.01, "lng": -76.08, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-24", "status": "active", "company": "PPL Electric Utilities", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Alliance to Stop the Line" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.alliancetostoptheline.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Alliance to Stop the Line opposes PPL's proposed 12-mile 500kV transmission line through four Luzerne County townships to support data center growth (by PPL Electric Utilities). Poles would be 100-240 ft tall. Luzerne County Council voted 10-1 for a nonbinding resolution urging PPL to consider alternatives, but PPL plans to submit to PA Utility Commission regardless. Town hall held Feb 24 at Sugarloaf Fire Company.", "sources": [ "https://www.alliancetostoptheline.org/takeaction", "https://www.wnep.com/article/news/local/luzerne-county/luzerne-county-data-centers-ppl-high-volatage-transmission-lines-sugarloaf-project/523-4f0fa26d-302c-4edd-8f95-5a4a2e3369d8", "https://fox56.com/news/local/sugarloaf-town-hall-draws-panel-residents-to-strategize-against-proposed-data-centers" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Block PPL's proposed 12-mile 500kV transmission line through Luzerne County for data center growth", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "londonderry-township-dauphin-county-pa-2026-02-11", "jurisdiction": "Londonderry Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Dauphin County", "lat": 40.185, "lng": -76.72, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-11", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Londonderry Township Residents (ad hoc)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Londonderry Township, Pennsylvania, tabled a zoning ordinance that would create a data center overlay district after overwhelming resident opposition at a packed public hearing. Proposed limits include 30-acre minimum lots and 150-ft residential buffers, but residents say restrictions don't go far enough. Concerns about noise, environmental impact, and rural character. No formal data center application yet.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/pennsylvanias-londonderry-township-weighs-data-center-zoning-ordinance-change/", "https://www.abc27.com/local-news/londonderry-township-residents-voice-concern-optimism-over-data-centers/", "https://www.fox43.com/article/news/local/dauphin-county/londonderry-township-ai-data-center/521-1ebd6dbb-1c0a-4ee1-97f7-42346a8e33eb" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "environmental", "farmland", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Create data center overlay zone in Londonderry Township", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "scranton-city-pa-2026-03-17", "jurisdiction": "City of Scranton", "state": "PA", "county": "Lackawanna County", "lat": 41.409, "lng": -75.6624, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-17", "status": "pending", "company": "Scranton Materials LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Archbald Neighborhood Association" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Scranton City, Pennsylvania, Council introducing an amendment to the 2023 zoning ordinance to regulate data centers, following advice from Lackawanna County planners that municipalities should address data centers proactively. The amendment was expected to be introduced March 17, 2026. Opposition was led by Archbald Neighborhood Association. Key concerns driving this action include community impacts.", "sources": [ "https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/2026/03/09/scranton-to-amend-zoning-to-regulate-data-centers/", "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-march-19-2026/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Adopt data center zoning standards in City of Scranton", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "frenchtown-township-mi-2025-11-17", "jurisdiction": "Frenchtown Township", "state": "MI", "county": "Monroe County", "lat": 41.9267, "lng": -83.3882, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-11-17", "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Cloverleaf Infrastructure", "summary": "Houston-based Cloverleaf Infrastructure is proposing 'Project Cherry Blossom,' a $1B+ data center on roughly 200 acres of the former River Raisin Golf Course near I-75 and North Dixie Highway. Dozens of residents protested in January 2026. Protect Frenchtown, Michigan, launched a petition drive to collect 1,200 signatures to place a zoning challenge on the November ballot.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/cloverleaf-targets-200-acre-data-center-development-in-michigan/", "https://www.fox2detroit.com/news/frenchtown-township-community-voices-concerns-over-proposed-ai-data-center" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Frenchtown", "Good Trouble Monroe", "Protect Frenchtown MI" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.protectfrenchtown.org", "acreage": 200, "investment_usd": 1000000000, "county_lean": "R", "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "voters", "objective": "1200-signature petition opposing Cloverleaf Infrastructure data center", "community_outcome": "pending", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "petition_signatures": 1400, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRM flagging petition_signatures=1400 as figure_unverified. Independent verification: the proposed evidence_url (DCD) returns HTTP 403 and cannot corroborate anything. Across multiple independent ", "added": "2026-06-18" }, { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRM flag (figure_unverified). The 1,200-signature/November-ballot claim and petition_signatures=1400 are not supported by any Frenchtown-specific source and are conflated with a DIFFERENT project.", "added": "2026-06-21" } ] }, { "id": "southfield-mi-2025-12-15", "jurisdiction": "Southfield", "state": "MI", "county": "Oakland County", "lat": 42.4734, "lng": -83.2219, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-15", "status": "approved", "scope": "local", "company": "Metrobloks", "summary": "Southfield, Michigan, City Council voted 5-2 on Dec. 15, 2025 to approve a $500M, 100MW data center by LA-based Metrobloks on 13 acres near Inkster Road and I-696, despite nearly six hours of resident opposition. Rep. Rashida Tlaib issued a statement voicing concerns about the project. Developer still needs to secure full funding within 18 months.", "sources": [ "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/12/southfield-data-center-approval/", "https://tlaib.house.gov/posts/tlaib-statement-on-ai-data-center-vote-in-southfield" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Southfield Community for Growth Coalition" ], "energy_mw": 100, "investment_usd": 500000000, "acreage": 13, "county_lean": "D", "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Metrobloks data center in Southfield", "community_outcome": "loss", "megawatts": 100, "investment_million_usd": 500 }, { "id": "wilmington-ardent-oh-2026-02-20", "jurisdiction": "Wilmington (Ardent/TAC)", "state": "OH", "county": "Clinton County", "lat": 39.4453, "lng": -83.8285, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-20", "status": "approved", "scope": "local", "company": "Ardent Technologies / TAC Data Centers", "summary": "Wilmington, Ohio, City Council voted 5-2 on Feb 20 to rezone 545 acres from rural residential to light industrial for a second data center campus by Ardent Technologies (affiliated with TAC Data Centers), a $6 billion project promising 125-150 jobs. This is in addition to the existing 471-acre AWS campus, bringing total data center-zoned land in Wilmington to ~1,000 acres.", "sources": [ "https://www.wnewsj.com/2026/02/20/council-approves-rezonings-in-a-split-vote-amid-data-center-debate/", "https://www.whio.com/news/local/another-500-acres-land-zoned-second-data-center-wilmington/KXXP722G6ZD4LMQV2Z6U4UJUQE/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Wilmington Residents for Responsible Development (WRRD)" ], "investment_usd": 6000000000, "acreage": 545, "county_lean": "R", "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Block Ardent Technologies rezoning of 545 acres in Wilmington", "community_outcome": "loss", "investment_million_usd": 6000 }, { "id": "brown-county-constitutional-petition-oh-2026-03-01", "jurisdiction": "Brown County (statewide constitutional petition)", "state": "OH", "county": "Brown County", "lat": 38.9352, "lng": -83.8783, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-01", "status": "active", "scope": "statewide", "summary": "Brown County-based group launched a petition for an Ohio constitutional amendment to ban data centers over 25 megawatts statewide, collecting 8,832 signatures in eight days (by DB STU LLC). Petition submitted to AG Dave Yost's office. Would need ~413,000 signatures by July for November ballot. Originated from backlash over a secretive 1,000-acre mega site in Mt. Orab.", "sources": [ "https://local12.com/news/local/brown-county-group-seeks-constitutional-ban-certain-data-centers-petition-petitions-amendment-amend-constitution-ohio-hamilton-county-cincinnati-construction-prohibit-banned-banning-signatrues-mount-orab-mega-site", "https://woub.org/2026/03/26/proposed-constitutional-amendment-banning-large-scale-data-centers-statewide-moving-forward/", "https://www.statenews.org/government-politics/2026-03-18/group-proposes-constitutional-amendment-to-ban-huge-ai-data-centers-in-ohio", "https://www.statenews.org/government-politics/2026-03-26/proposed-amendment-to-ban-huge-data-centers-in-ohio-can-move-to-next-step", "https://www.theregister.com/2026/03/18/ohio_datacenter_petition/", "https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/i-team/adams-county-data-center-gets-federal-permit-as-voters-sign-petitions-to-block-it" ], "petition_signatures": 1800, "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "opposition_groups": [ "Adams County for Responsible Development" ], "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "zoning", "water", "ratepayer", "environmental", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "voters", "objective": "1800-signature petition opposing data center in Brown County", "community_outcome": "pending", "company": "DB STU LLC", "acreage": 1018, "bill_name": "Constitutional Amendment Petition (25 MW Ban)", "bill_url": "https://ballotpedia.org/Ohio_Prohibition_of_Data_Center_Construction_Amendment_(2026)", "sponsors": [ "Ohioans for Responsible Development" ] }, { "id": "coal-city-il-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Coal City", "state": "IL", "county": "Grundy County", "lat": 41.2878, "lng": -88.2856, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Aligned Data Centers", "summary": "Aligned Data Centers is proposing 11 buildings on roughly 300 acres near Reed Road and Carbon Hill Road in Coal City, Illinois,. An open house was held at Coal City High School in February 2026, where residents raised questions about water consumption and job creation. The project is part of a growing Will/Grundy County data center cluster alongside projects in Joliet, Minooka (where Equinix is building a $2B campus), and Essex, as developers target the region's access to power infrastructure and Chicago fiber networks.", "sources": [ "https://www.shawlocal.com/morris-herald-news/2026/02/13/open-house-being-held-tuesday-on-potential-data-center-in-coal-city/", "https://www.wcsjnews.com/news/local/more-reaction-from-coal-city-data-center-campus-open-house/article_e65b1817-bf8c-4829-a422-644aa85c4a24.html", "https://www.nprillinois.org/illinois/2026-03-16/illinois-lawmakers-look-to-regulate-data-centers-as-local-governments-propose-their-own-rules" ], "acreage": 300, "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Aligned Data Centers data center in Coal City", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_groups": [ "Coal City residents (ad hoc)" ] }, { "id": "minooka-il-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Minooka", "state": "IL", "county": "Grundy County", "lat": 41.4553, "lng": -88.2617, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "approved", "scope": "local", "company": "Equinix", "summary": "Equinix was approved for a $2B, 368-acre, 700MW campus in Minooka, Illinois, about 50 miles southwest of Chicago, requiring 3 million gallons of water per day from a $1.54 billion Lake Michigan pipeline currently under construction. The project is expected to generate $6-7 million in annual property taxes and create over 160 permanent jobs, with operations potentially beginning by 2034. Despite approval, concerns persist about water allocation, as the facility would consume roughly 30% of the municipality's Lake Michigan pipeline capacity. Project is air-cooled; prior water-usage figure has been removed.", "sources": [ "https://www.wcsjnews.com/news/local/progress-update-on-equinix-data-center-in-minooka/article_a83b2af7-f341-4bf8-a050-cb64e461edba.html", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/16062025/illinois-data-centers-water-use/", "https://therealdeal.com/chicago/2025/03/24/rural-illinois-embraces-resource-sapping-data-centers/" ], "energy_mw": 700, "investment_usd": 2000000000, "acreage": 368, "water_gallons_per_day": 3000000, "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": "Restrict Equinix 340-acre data center in Minooka", "community_outcome": "loss", "megawatts": 700, "investment_million_usd": 2000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Minooka residents (ad hoc)" ], "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/no-data-centers-in-minooka-il", "petition_signatures": 467 }, { "id": "logan-county-il-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Logan County", "state": "IL", "county": "Logan County", "lat": 40.1246, "lng": -89.3651, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Hut 8 Corp.", "summary": "The Logan County (IL) Board voted 9-2 in February 2026 to approve a 60-day moratorium on accepting data center applications, prompted by Hut 8 Corp's proposal for a $5B, 500 MW data center on 200 acres of farmland in Laenna Township near Latham (adjacent to an Ameren substation). Hut 8 promised ~200 permanent jobs and 1,500+ construction jobs. The County Board is considering amending its zoning ordinance to allow large-scale data centers as a conditional permitted use in agricultural zones (rather than requiring rezoning to industrial). The earliest a vote could happen is April or May 2026. Most attendees at a January 5 public meeting raised concerns about higher electric rates and land use impacts. Illinois is also considering statewide data center regulation. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://www.illinoistimes.com/news/logan-county-enacts-12-month-data-center-moratorium/.]", "sources": [ "https://www.illinoistimes.com/news/logan-county-takes-its-time-on-data-center-proposal/", "https://www.illinoistimes.com/news/data-center-opposition/", "https://www.nprillinois.org/illinois/2026-03-16/illinois-lawmakers-look-to-regulate-data-centers-as-local-governments-propose-their-own-rules" ], "energy_mw": 500, "investment_usd": 5000000000, "acreage": 200, "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland", "grid_energy", "noise", "ratepayer", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Block Hut 8 rezoning of 200 acres in Logan County", "community_outcome": "win", "megawatts": 500, "opposition_groups": [ "Logan County residents (ad hoc)" ], "investment_million_usd": 5000 }, { "id": "us-federal-warren-investigation-2025-12-15", "jurisdiction": "U.S. Senate (Federal Investigation)", "state": "DC", "lat": 38.8951, "lng": -77.0364, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-12-15", "status": "active", "scope": "federal", "company": "Google, Microsoft, Amazon, Meta, CoreWeave, Digital Realty, Equinix", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Sens. Warren, Van Hollen, and Blumenthal opened an investigation into Big Tech data centers driving up consumer electricity costs, sending letters to Google, Microsoft, Amazon, Meta, CoreWeave, Digital Realty, and Equinix. Companies responded but refused to disclose contracts with utility companies or actual rates paid. Senators noted some regions saw electricity costs rise 267% over five years.", "sources": [ "https://www.warren.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/senator-warren-lawmakers-open-investigation-into-big-tech-data-centers-role-in-driving-up-families-utility-costs", "https://www.warren.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/warren-senators-secure-new-commitments-from-big-tech-on-electricity-costs-but-companies-dodge-accountability-for-hiking-families-utility-bills" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Senate investigation into Big Tech data centers driving up consumer electricity costs", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-MA)" ] }, { "id": "us-federal-army-corps-nwp39-2026-03-15", "jurisdiction": "Army Corps of Engineers (Federal Agency)", "state": "DC", "lat": 38.8951, "lng": -77.0364, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation" ], "date": "2026-03-15", "status": "passed", "scope": "federal", "summary": "The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers revised Nationwide Permit 39 (NWP 39) to explicitly include 'data centers (to include for example, artificial intelligence and machine learning facilities)' as eligible projects for streamlined Clean Water Act permitting. Effective March 15, 2026 through March 15, 2031. While data centers were already technically eligible, this makes coverage explicit, signaling federal intent to fast-track permits for data center construction in wetlands. NWP 39 authorizes up to 1/2 acre of permanent wetland loss per project. Notably, NWP 39 is suspended in Virginia and Maryland, replaced by State Programmatic General Permits.", "sources": [ "https://www.eenews.net/articles/army-corps-to-offer-streamlined-water-permits-for-data-centers/", "https://www.nrdc.org/press-releases/army-corps-reissues-fast-track-permits-endanger-streams-and-wetlands", "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/01/08/2026-00121/reissuance-and-modification-of-nationwide-permits", "https://www.wetlands.com/2026-final-nwps/", "https://www.environmentallawandpolicy.com/2026/01/us-army-corps-of-engineers-finalizes-2026-nationwide-permit-package/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "Army Corps expands NWP 39 fast-track permits for data center construction in wetlands", "community_outcome": "loss", "bill_name": "NWP 39 (2026 Nationwide Permits)", "bill_url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/01/08/2026-00121/reissuance-and-modification-of-nationwide-permits", "sponsors": [ "U.S. Army Corps of Engineers" ] }, { "id": "us-national-fww-moratorium-report-2026-03-04", "jurisdiction": "National (Food & Water Watch)", "state": "US", "lat": 38.8951, "lng": -77.0364, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-04", "status": "active", "scope": "federal", "summary": "Food & Water Watch released 'The Urgent Case Against Data Centers,' the first comprehensive national report making the case for a nationwide moratorium. Key findings: by 2028, data centers could consume 720 billion gallons of water annually and 580 TWh of energy (12% of national demand). Virginia data centers created just 1 permanent job per $54M invested. 230+ organizations support the moratorium call.", "sources": [ "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/03/04/comprehensive-report-lays-out-case-for-nationwide-halt-on-new-data-centers/", "https://www.commondreams.org/news/ai-data-center-moratorium", "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/RPT2_2602_DataCenterMoratorium.pdf" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Food & Water Watch" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/03/04/comprehensive-report-lays-out-case-for-nationwide-halt-on-new-data-centers/", "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "Food & Water Watch report argues for nationwide data center moratorium", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Food & Water Watch" ] }, { "id": "us-national-sierra-club-policy-framework-2026-01", "jurisdiction": "National (Sierra Club)", "state": "US", "lat": 38.8951, "lng": -77.0364, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "active", "scope": "federal", "summary": "Sierra Club released its 2026 state policy framework with four guardrails: ratepayer protections preventing cross-subsidization, clean energy requirements, water efficiency standards, and community engagement mandates. Active campaigns in MI, GA, NJ, MA, CO, TN, WI. Called the White House ratepayer pledge 'baby steps.'", "sources": [ "https://www.sierraclub.org/issues/climate/data-centers", "https://www.sierraclub.org/sites/default/files/2026-01/policies-for-data-centers-2026.pdf", "https://www.sierraclub.org/wisconsin/blog/2026/01/guardrails-needed-data-center-development" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.sierraclub.org/issues/climate/data-centers", "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "water" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "Sierra Club proposes state policy guardrails for data centers", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sierra Club" ] }, { "id": "us-national-data-center-watch-report-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "National (Data Center Watch Report)", "state": "US", "lat": 38.8951, "lng": -77.0364, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-01", "status": "active", "scope": "federal", "summary": "Data Center Watch reported $98B in data center projects blocked or delayed by grassroots opposition in Q2 2025 alone. Identified 142 active advocacy organizations across 28 states. Opposition is bipartisan: Republicans cite tax incentive concerns; Democrats focus on environmental impacts. Total tracked disruptions reached $64B ($18B blocked, $46B delayed).", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterwatch.org/report", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/group-claims-64bn-in-us-data-center-projects-impacted-by-local-opposition-in-last-two-years/", "https://thehill.com/policy/technology/5605667-data-center-criticism-study/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Data Center Watch" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.datacenterwatch.org/", "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "Document $98B in data center projects blocked or delayed by grassroots opposition", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Data Center Watch" ] }, { "id": "us-national-industry-lobbying-blitz-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "National (Industry Response)", "state": "US", "lat": 38.8951, "lng": -77.0364, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "active", "scope": "federal", "summary": "Big Tech is conducting an unprecedented PR and lobbying campaign. Meta running multimillion-dollar TV ads in DC and 9 state capitals. Data Center Coalition nearly tripled lobbying spend. NAIA (National AI Association, est. Jan 2025) organizing Congressional field trips. Only 28% of voters support data centers near their homes (Heatmap poll). At least 16 local governments placed bans in 2026 alone.", "sources": [ "https://www.commondreams.org/news/ai-data-center-propaganda-blitz", "https://www.spotlightpa.org/news/2026/01/data-centers-tech-industry-lobby-energy-federal-government/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "Counter Big Tech lobbying blitz with multi-state data center opposition campaigns", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Data Center Coalition" ] }, { "id": "lee-county-nc-2026-03-16", "jurisdiction": "Lee County", "state": "NC", "county": "Lee County", "lat": 35.4738, "lng": -79.1803, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "ordinance", "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-16", "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": "Deep River Data", "summary": "Lee County commissioners voted 6-1 on March 16, 2026 to begin drafting a moratorium on data centers and cryptomining, following a packed public meeting. On April 20, 2026, after a roughly three-hour public hearing, the Board voted 5-1 to approve zoning regulations adding 'Data Center' to the county's Unified Development Ordinance. Many residents had advocated for an outright moratorium. The new standards require pre-application meetings with Community Development staff, a noise study, and water/wastewater/electricity confirmation notices before site plan submission. Sanford City Council adopted near-identical regulations on April 22 in a 6-1 vote.", "sources": [ "https://www.wunc.org/2026-03-17/lee-county-residents-ask-for-a-data-center-moratorium", "https://sandhills.news/2026/01/06/lee-county-nc-fracking-and-data-center/", "https://cwfnc.org/nofracklee/", "https://www.sanfordherald.com/news/lee-commissioners-adopt-data-center-regulations/article_18d8f60f-25b7-5391-8faa-f6419a63919b.html", "https://www.wral.com/news/local/central-north-carolina-data-center-plans-april-2026/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Clean Water for North Carolina", "Southern Environmental Law Center" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "environmental", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Rally against Deep River Data data center in Lee County", "community_outcome": "mixed", "petition_signatures": 1603, "petition_url": "https://actionnetwork.org/petitions/petition-lee-county-pass-a-moratorium-on-fracking-drilling-data-centers/" }, { "id": "early-county-blakely-ga-2026-03-01", "jurisdiction": "Blakely (Early County)", "state": "GA", "county": "Early County", "lat": 31.3774, "lng": -84.934, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-01", "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "QTS Technology Services", "summary": "QTS filed a Developments of Regional Impact application for a 12 million sq ft QTS Technology Services data center campus on the outskirts of Blakely, Georgia, the 'Peanut Capital of the World.' Construction is targeted to begin July 2026, with full build-out by end of 2035. At a January Rotary Club meeting, QTS could not answer key questions about start dates, job numbers, or water usage. Blakely previously adopted 30+ restrictions on data centers in November 2025.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/qts-targets-two-data-center-campuses-in-georgia/", "https://www.earlycountynews.com/articles/qts-data-centers-considers-a-location-in-blakely/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose QTS Technology Services data center over water in Blakely", "community_outcome": "pending", "investment_million_usd": 290, "opposition_groups": [ "Early County residents (ad hoc)" ] }, { "id": "lee-county-tx-sandow-2026", "jurisdiction": "Lee County (Blue/Sandow)", "state": "TX", "county": "Lee County", "lat": 30.4632, "lng": -97.0821, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Sandow Lakes Energy Co.", "summary": "In Lee County, 'Move the Gas Plant' grassroots group pushing back against a 1,200 MW gas plant by Sandow Lakes Energy that would serve nearby data centers and Bitcoin mining. TCEQ denied their hearing request in approximately 45 seconds and issued the air pollution permit authorizing 460 tons/year of ammonia, 153 tons of soot, 76 tons of sulfuric acid. Texas Energy Fund also denied Sandow Lakes' $295M loan application.", "sources": [ "https://www.texastribune.org/2025/06/05/texas-data-centers-gas-power-plants-ai/", "https://www.citizen.org/article/texas-gas-rush-lee-county/", "https://www.kxan.com/news/lee-county-proposed-power-plant-gets-pushback/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Move the Gas Plant" ], "opposition_website": "https://movethegasplant.org", "energy_mw": 1200, "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "county_lean": "R", "acreage": 3300, "investment_usd": 1200000000, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Fight 1,200 MW Sandow Lakes gas plant serving data centers after TCEQ denied hearing request", "community_outcome": "pending", "megawatts": 1200 }, { "id": "permian-basin-transmission-tx-2026", "jurisdiction": "Permian Basin / Hill Country (765kV transmission)", "state": "TX", "county": null, "lat": 30.7, "lng": -98.3, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "active", "scope": "statewide", "summary": "A $13 billion plan to build Texas' first 765kV transmission line through the Hill Country to serve Permian Basin data center demand. Coalition of landowners, conservation advocates, and lawmakers mobilizing across Burnet, Llano, and other Hill Country counties. At final stages of administrative review; construction could start 2027.", "sources": [ "https://www.ksat.com/news/local/2026/02/20/proposed-high-voltage-power-line-sparks-pushback-across-texas-hill-country/", "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/03/12/west-texas-electricty-plan/", "https://www.tpr.org/news/2025-11-12/hill-country-counties-lining-up-against-massive-power-line-project" ], "investment_usd": 13000000000, "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Oppose $13B 765kV transmission line through Hill Country to serve Permian Basin data centers", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_groups": [ "Hill Country Preservation Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.preservethehillcountry.com/", "company": "AEP Texas / LCRA / Oncor", "bill_name": "PUCT Permian Basin Reliability Plan", "bill_url": "https://ftp.puc.texas.gov/public/puct-info/agency/resources/pubs/news/2025/PUCT_Approves_Plan_for_the_First_Extra_High_Voltage_Transmission_Lines_in_ERCOT_Region.pdf", "sponsors": [ "Hill Country Alliance" ] }, { "id": "texas-srec-resolution-2026", "jurisdiction": "Texas (State Republican Executive Committee)", "state": "TX", "county": null, "lat": 30.2672, "lng": -97.7431, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "active", "scope": "statewide", "summary": "The State Republican Executive Committee passed a near-unanimous resolution calling for 'rigorous independent assessments' of data center impacts on the grid and water supply before approval, and a pause on 'open loop' (high water use) data centers. Significant because it reflects growing intra-GOP opposition to data center development in Texas.", "sources": [ "https://www.kwtx.com/2026/02/13/texans-are-demanding-their-local-governments-push-pause-data-centers-can-they/", "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/02/13/texas-data-centers-local-governments-power/", "https://www.governing.com/infrastructure/texas-towns-push-back-on-data-center-expansion" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Republican party resolution opposing data center impacts in TX", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_groups": [ "Texas State Republican Executive Committee" ], "sponsors": [ "Texas State Republican Executive Committee" ] }, { "id": "loudoun-county-va-amazon-gw-campus-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Loudoun County (Amazon/GW campus)", "state": "VA", "county": "Loudoun County", "lat": 39.0437, "lng": -77.4875, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-10", "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "summary": "Amazon Data Services purchased GWU's 122-acre Ashburn campus for $427M. Loudoun County officials were 'blindsided' and are seeking to block the data center conversion. Under new zoning rules, data centers require special exception review rather than by-right approval. Opposition was led by Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition and Coalition to Protect Prince William County. Key concerns driving this action include transparency requirements. The outcome remains pending.", "sources": [ "https://wtop.com/loudoun-county/2026/03/loudoun-county-will-fight-to-keep-amazon-data-center-off-just-sold-gw-campus-in-ashburn/", "https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2026/mar/3/amazon-data-services-buys-george-washington-universitys-virginia/", "https://gwhatchet.com/2026/03/02/gw-sold-virginia-campus-for-427-million-to-amazon-for-data-center-development/" ], "investment_usd": 427000000, "acreage": 122, "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Amazon Data Services data center in Loudoun County", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_groups": [ "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition", "Coalition to Protect Prince William County" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.pecva.org/datacenters", "investment_million_usd": 427 }, { "id": "new-kent-county-va-tod-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "New Kent County", "state": "VA", "county": "New Kent County", "lat": 37.5168, "lng": -76.9789, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-17", "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "summary": "Following Goochland's lead, New Kent County, Virginia, is proposing a 1,800-acre Technology Overlay District along the Route 33 corridor. Controversial fast-track process would skip standard public hearings. Public meetings planned for late March/April 2026. No actual data center application has been filed yet — this is a proactive regulatory framework.", "sources": [ "https://www.newkent-va.us/m/NewsFlash/Home/Detail/538", "https://richmondbizsense.com/2026/02/19/following-goochlands-lead-new-kent-county-mulling-data-center-centric-tech-overlay-district/", "https://nkccnews.com/local-news/2026/03/08/consideration-for-development-of-technology-overlay-district-targets-data-center-development/" ], "acreage": 1800, "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Create data center overlay zone in New Kent County", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_groups": [ "New Kent County residents (ad hoc)" ], "company": "Virginia LC (Jonathan Kinney)" }, { "id": "virginia-hb-507-tier-iv-generators-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Virginia (HB 507)", "state": "VA", "county": null, "lat": 37.5407, "lng": -77.436, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-01", "status": "passed", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 507 - Tier IV Generator Mandate", "summary": "Virginia HB 507, sponsored by Del. John McAuliff (D-Fauquier), is the first state law mandating Tier IV emission standards for data center backup generators. The bill directs the Department of Environmental Quality to deny air permits for generators below Tier IV standards submitted after July 2026. Governor Spanberger signed HB 507 into law on April 9, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/03/17/data-center-bills-dominated-this-years-general-assembly-heres-what-passed/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/02/17/lawmakers-debate-how-to-regulate-data-centers-diesel-backup-generators/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/01/14/as-2026-legislative-session-starts-data-centers-diesel-generators-are-a-top-concern-for-virginians/", "https://www.wsls.com/news/local/2026/03/20/four-data-center-bills-await-governors-signature-as-southwest-virginia-projects-spark-debate/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/04/09/spanberger-signs-bills-to-aid-low-income-utility-customers-manage-power-demand/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "bill_url": "https://lis.virginia.gov/bill-details/20261/HB507", "issue_category": [ "environmental" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Mandate Tier IV emission standards for data center backup generators after July 2026", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Del. John McAuliff (D-VA)" ] }, { "id": "virginia-sb-94-hb-153-siting-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Virginia (SB 94 / HB 153 siting)", "state": "VA", "county": null, "lat": 37.5407, "lng": -77.436, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "passed", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 94 / HB 153 - Data Center Siting Requirements", "summary": "Virginia SB 94 / HB 153, sponsored by Sen. Danica Roem and Del. Josh Thomas, requires 100+ MW data center applicants seeking rezoning to submit site assessment reports examining impacts on agriculture, parks, historic sites, forestland, and noise near homes/schools. Passed both chambers of the General Assembly. Awaits Governor Spanberger's signature, amendment, or veto by April 14, 2026. Legislators reconvene for a veto session on April 22.", "sources": [ "https://cardinalnews.org/2026/03/13/bills-on-data-center-siting-and-water-usage-remain-unresolved-as-general-assembly-session-winds-down/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/03/17/data-center-bills-dominated-this-years-general-assembly-heres-what-passed/", "https://vcnva.org/bill-of-the-day-data-center-reform/", "https://wjla.com/news/local/what-next-for-virginia-data-center-oversight-bills-as-spanberger-weighs-action-by-apr-13-march-2026", "https://www.wsls.com/news/local/2026/03/20/four-data-center-bills-await-governors-signature-as-southwest-virginia-projects-spark-debate/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "bill_url": "https://lis.virginia.gov/bill-details/20261/SB94", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Require site impact assessments for 100MW+ data centers near farms, parks, and homes", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Danica Roem (D-VA)", "Del. Josh Thomas (D-VA)" ] }, { "id": "virginia-sb-553-water-disclosure-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Virginia (SB 553 water disclosure)", "state": "VA", "county": null, "lat": 37.5407, "lng": -77.436, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "pending", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "SB 553 - Data Center Water Disclosure", "summary": "Virginia SB 553, the state's first water transparency requirement for data centers, directs water utilities to report aggregate data center water consumption monthly or quarterly to the State Water Control Board. Companion bill HB 496 sponsored by Del. Guzman (D-Prince William). Passed both chambers and now awaits Governor Spanberger's signature, amendment, or veto by April 14, 2026. Legislators reconvene for a veto session on April 22.", "sources": [ "https://cardinalnews.org/2026/03/13/bills-on-data-center-siting-and-water-usage-remain-unresolved-as-general-assembly-session-winds-down/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/03/17/data-center-bills-dominated-this-years-general-assembly-heres-what-passed/", "https://www.thecentersquare.com/virginia/article_ea617f18-9523-43f8-9203-a09ff8929565.html", "https://wjla.com/news/local/what-next-for-virginia-data-center-oversight-bills-as-spanberger-weighs-action-by-apr-13-march-2026", "https://www.wsls.com/news/local/2026/03/20/four-data-center-bills-await-governors-signature-as-southwest-virginia-projects-spark-debate/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "bill_url": "https://lis.virginia.gov/bill-details/20261/SB553", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Mandate data center water usage disclosure in VA", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Kannan Srinivasan (D-VA)" ] }, { "id": "franklin-county-regulations-mo-2026-03-17", "jurisdiction": "Franklin County (county-wide regulations)", "state": "MO", "county": "Franklin County", "lat": 38.4113, "lng": -91.0526, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-17", "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "summary": "Franklin County, Missouri, Planning & Zoning Commission is considering county-wide data center regulations including 1,000-ft setbacks from residential areas. The commission will hold its next meeting April 21 at Union High School to potentially vote on recommendations for two massive data center proposals (400-acre Beltline at Crooked Creek Farm near Pacific and 575-acre Provident/Gateway Digital Campus at Diamond Farms in Villa Ridge). Environmental concerns about the Meramec River have emerged. Meetings have drawn packed crowds and lasted until 4:30 AM.", "sources": [ "https://www.firstalert4.com/2026/03/18/franklin-county-data-center-projects-draw-packed-crowd-opposition-planning-meeting/", "https://www.ksdk.com/article/news/local/no-turning-back-neighbors-ecologist-warn-proposed-data-centers-threaten-meramec-river/63-eab3fc47-9e80-4158-b290-b5e9814e1b9b", "https://www.firstalert4.com/2026/03/14/franklin-county-data-center-projects-return-planning-commission-tuesday-with-frustration-about-process/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "design_standards", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Block rezoning of 800 acres in Franklin County", "community_outcome": "pending", "company": "Provident Data Centers / Beltline Energy", "opposition_groups": [ "Franklin County Rural Coalition", "Labadie Environmental Organization", "No AI Data Centers in Franklin County (Facebook group)" ] }, { "id": "meade-county-ky-moratorium-2026-01", "jurisdiction": "Meade County (moratorium)", "state": "KY", "county": "Meade County", "lat": 37.971, "lng": -86.2168, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-01-13", "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "summary": "Meade County, Kentucky, Fiscal Court adopted Ordinance 2025-07 on January 13, 2026, establishing a moratorium on data center development while the county reviews its zoning ordinance and comprehensive plan, which do not specifically address data centers. The moratorium followed the Fiscal Court's earlier vote to deny rezoning of 138 acres along Joe Prather Highway for a PowerHouse Industries data center, after both the Planning and Zoning Commission and residents raised concerns about water and electricity usage, environmental impacts, and the urgency of the planning process.", "sources": [ "https://www.lpm.org/news/2026-02-12/gop-bill-seeks-guardrails-for-new-data-centers-to-pay-their-own-way-in-kentucky", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/officials-in-meade-county-kentucky-reject-data-center-rezoning-plan/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "county_lean": "R", "company": "PowerHouse Industries", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Halt data centers in Meade County after PowerHouse Industries proposal", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_groups": [ "Meade County residents" ] }, { "id": "tva-affordability-tn-2026", "jurisdiction": "Tennessee Valley Authority (affordability concerns)", "state": "TN", "county": null, "lat": 35.0456, "lng": -85.3097, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "active", "scope": "statewide", "summary": "In Tennessee, TVA is reversing coal plant closures and investing in new natural gas generation to meet surging data center electricity demand across its 7-state service territory. Critics warn this threatens TVA's clean energy commitments and could raise rates for the 10 million people it serves. TVA pledged rate fairness but has not detailed how data center costs will be allocated.", "sources": [ "https://www.axios.com/local/nashville/2026/02/09/tva-pledges-to-tackle-electric-rate-fairness-as-data-center-demand-surges", "https://www.newschannel5.com/news/state/tennessee/stewart-county/tva-reverses-coal-plant-closure-plan-as-ai-data-centers-drive-electricity-demand-tennessee-leaders-weigh-in", "https://www.sierraclub.org/press-releases/2026/03/tennessee-valley-region-needs-more-data-center-pledge-address-affordability" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-17", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "Challenge TVA plans to power data centers in Tennessee Valley", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Sierra Club" ] }, { "id": "arizona-hb-2631-tax-repeal-2026", "jurisdiction": "Arizona (HB 2631 tax repeal)", "state": "AZ", "county": null, "lat": 33.4484, "lng": -112.074, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "dead", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 2631 - Data Center Tax Incentive Repeal", "summary": "Governor Katie Hobbs called for repealing data center tax incentives which cost Arizona approximately $38.5 million per year. The bill would end the transaction privilege and use tax exemption for large data centers. Part of a broader national trend of states reconsidering data center tax breaks. The outcome remains pending. Gov. Hobbs called for repeal in her State of the State address and proposed a penny-per-gallon fee on data center water use ($6.5M/year for water conservation). The exemption costs $38.5M/year (up from $1.4M in 2020, projected to reach $60M+ by FY2027). VERIFIED 2026-05-26: HB 2631 (House companion tax-exemption repeal) failed like SB 1463; data center tax breaks were preserved in the GOP budget Hobbs vetoed. [Validation 2026-06-21: outcome -> 'mixed' per https://news.bloomberglaw.com/ip-law/arizona-data-center-tax-incentive-pause-signed-by-governor-hobbs.]", "sources": [ "https://www.azleg.gov/legtext/57leg/2R/bills/HB2631P.htm", "https://www.axios.com/local/phoenix/2026/01/14/arizona-data-center-tax-break-repeal", "https://www.kjzz.org/politics/2026-01-09/tax-cuts-affordability-and-data-centers-top-hobbs-2026-legislative-agenda", { "url": "https://azmirror.com/2026/05/04/arizonas-gop-budget-tax-breaks-for-data-centers-and-roth-iras-cuts-for-the-people-who-need-food/", "title": "AZ GOP budget data center tax breaks" } ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "bill_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/legtext/57leg/2R/bills/HB2631P.htm", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Repeal Arizona data center transaction privilege and use tax exemptions", "community_outcome": "mixed", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Lorena Austin (D-AZ)" ] }, { "id": "monterey-park-ca-ballot-ban-2026-06", "jurisdiction": "Monterey Park (permanent ballot ban)", "state": "CA", "county": "Los Angeles County", "lat": 34.0625, "lng": -118.1228, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-04", "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "summary": "Monterey Park, California, City Council voted unanimously to place a permanent data center ban on the June 2, 2026 ballot (by HMC Capital / HMC StratCap). If approved by voters, it would permanently ban all data centers citywide — an escalation from the 45-day moratorium passed in January 2026. The community collected 5,779 petition signatures. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://abc7.com/post/monterey-park-voters-approve-measure-ndc-banning-power-hungry-data-centers-within-city-limits/19229466/.]", "sources": [ "https://www.montereypark.ca.gov/m/newsflash/home/detail/1306", "https://laist.com/news/monterey-park-data-center-ballot-question", "https://ballotpedia.org/Monterey_Park,_California,_Prohibit_Data_Centers_Measure_(June_2026)" ], "petition_signatures": 6188, "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "opposition_groups": [ "No Data Center in Monterey Park" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.nodatacentermpk.org", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Ban data centers in all zones in Monterey Park", "community_outcome": "win", "petition_url": "https://actionnetwork.org/petitions/no-data-centers-in-monterey-park", "company": "HMC Capital / HMC StratCap" }, { "id": "warren-county-model-ordinance-nj-2026-01", "jurisdiction": "Warren County (model ordinance)", "state": "NJ", "county": "Warren County", "lat": 40.8568, "lng": -74.999, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-01-15", "status": "active", "scope": "local", "summary": "Warren County Commissioner James R. Kern III, a member of the county Planning Board, distributed an advisory model data center siting ordinance to mayors and governing bodies across all Warren County municipalities on January 8, 2026. The document provides a planning tool for communities evaluating proposals, addressing how projects align with municipal master plans, zoning objectives, and community priorities. The action follows Phillipsburg's data center ban in the same county and growing developer interest across New Jersey.", "sources": [ "https://www.tapinto.net/towns/phillipsburg/articles/commissioner-kern-shares-model-ordinance-to-assist-municipalities-in-evaluating-data-center-siting", "https://wrnjradio.com/warren-county-commissioner-shares-model-ordinance-on-data-center-siting/", "https://www.tapinto.net/towns/phillipsburg/categories/press-releases/articles/commissioner-kern-shares-model-ordinance-to-assist-municipalities-in-evaluating-data-center-siting" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Distribute model data center ordinance in Warren County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "nj-a6181-nda-ban-nj-2026", "jurisdiction": "New Jersey (A6181 NDA ban)", "state": "NJ", "county": null, "lat": 40.22, "lng": -74.76, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "pending", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "A6181 - NDA Ban", "summary": "Would prohibit data center developers from entering non-disclosure agreements with municipalities that conceal project details, addressing secrecy concerns that emerged when communities across New Jersey discovered major facilities approved without public knowledge. Part of a wave of NJ transparency legislation alongside S680 (Bring Your Own Power) and S3379 (semi-annual water and energy usage reporting). The NDA ban aims to ensure residents can participate meaningfully in land use decisions.", "sources": [ "https://www.njleg.state.nj.us/bill-search/2024/A6181", "https://servercountry.org/policy/new-jersey/", "https://pinelandsalliance.org/data-center-victories-local-actions-drive-regional-change/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "bill_url": "https://pub.njleg.state.nj.us/Bills/2024/A6500/6181_I1.HTM", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Ban data center development NDAs in NJ", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Asm. Andrea Katz (D-NJ)" ] }, { "id": "ardmore-ok-withdrawal-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Ardmore", "state": "OK", "county": "Carter County", "lat": 34.1743, "lng": -97.1436, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2026-03-16", "status": "cancelled", "scope": "local", "company": "JRE Strategies LLC", "summary": "JRE Strategies LLC withdrew its data center proposal after the Ardmore, Oklahoma, Planning Commission voted 7-0 against rezoning 6.74 acres from single-family residential to light industrial. The developer withdrew before the city commission vote on March 16. Neighborhood residents and the Noble Foundation voiced strong opposition citing noise and power concerns.", "sources": [ "https://www.okenergytoday.com/2026/03/ardmore-data-center-developer-withdraws/", "https://www.kxii.com/2026/03/12/applicant-pulls-proposed-ardmore-data-center-rezoning-request/", "https://www.kten.com/news/oklahoma-headlines/proposed-data-center-could-be-coming-to-ardmore/article_eca6d954-4a8e-48fa-a05c-0becf3dc1a27.html" ], "energy_mw": 10, "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "county_lean": "R", "acreage": 6.74, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "developer", "objective": "Deny JRE Strategies rezoning of 6.74 acres in Ardmore", "community_outcome": "win", "megawatts": 10, "opposition_groups": [ "Ardmore Neighborhood Residents", "Noble Foundation" ] }, { "id": "logan-county-co-regulations-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "Logan County (regulations adopted)", "state": "CO", "county": "Logan County", "lat": 40.7246, "lng": -103.2218, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-18", "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": "Granite Renewables", "summary": "Logan County, Colorado, adopted new data center regulations on February 18, 2026, lifting its moratorium and allowing Granite Renewables' proposed $15B, 2GW project on 4,198 acres to proceed. The New York-based company had been visiting county officials since late summer. New rules require minimum quarter-mile setbacks from highways, noise limits, and water use restrictions. Some residents pushed for even greater setbacks, but the county moved to finalize the regulations after months of study.", "sources": [ "https://www.kunc.org/2026-03-27/some-mountain-west-counties-impose-moratoriums-on-data-centers-as-national-pause-is-proposed", "https://www.govtech.com/infrastructure/logan-county-colo-pauses-future-energy-data-center-projects", "https://www.thefencepost.com/news/growing-microprocessors-instead-of-wheat" ], "energy_mw": 2000, "investment_usd": 15000000000, "acreage": 4198, "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Restrict Granite Renewables 4198-acre data center in Logan County", "community_outcome": "mixed", "investment_million_usd": 15000 }, { "id": "colorado-hb-1030-tax-breaks-2026", "jurisdiction": "Colorado (HB 1030)", "state": "CO", "lat": 39.7392, "lng": -104.9903, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "dead", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 26-1030", "summary": "In Colorado, HB 1030 would offer a 100% state sales and use tax exemption for 20 years (extendable to 30) for data center operators investing at least $250M within five years. A fiscal analysis found the bill would reduce general fund revenue by $29M/year, triggering a $106M reduction in low-income tax credits. A broad coalition including Earthjustice and environmental groups objected to the bill as a 'handout,' while competing legislation (SB 24-168 successor) would impose proactive environmental protections instead. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: HB 26-1030 (pro-development 20-yr sales-tax exemption, opposed by community/enviro coalition) was postponed indefinitely by the House Energy & Environment Committee May 7, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://leg.colorado.gov/bills/HB26-1030", "https://coloradonewsline.com/2026/01/21/tax-breaks-for-data-centers-colorado/", "https://coloradosun.com/2026/02/23/proposed-data-center-tax-breaks-would-increase-taxes-poor-coloradans-analysis/", { "url": "https://gazette.com/2026/05/12/colorado-lawmakers-kill-both-major-data-center-bills/", "title": "Colorado lawmakers kill both data center bills" } ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "bill_url": "https://leg.colorado.gov/bills/HB26-1030", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Offer 100% sales tax exemption for data centers investing $250M+ in Colorado", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Alex Valdez (D-CO)", "Rep. Monica Duran (D-CO)", "Sen. Kyle Mullica (D-CO)" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Earthjustice", "Western Resource Advocates", "AARP Colorado" ] }, { "id": "idaho-hb-874-rate-protection-2026", "jurisdiction": "Idaho (HB 874)", "state": "ID", "lat": 43.615, "lng": -116.2023, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "superseded", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 874", "summary": "HB 874, introduced by Rep. Stephanie Mickelsen (R-Idaho Falls), would prevent Idaho's Public Utilities Commission from approving any new customer requiring 20+ MW of electricity without first conducting a 'no harm' test proving it would not raise rates for existing customers. The bill requires analysis of grid reliability impacts, infrastructure needs, and risks before approval. It exempts longstanding high-power operations like Micron Technology (customers exceeding 50 MW as of January 1, 2000). VERIFIED 2026-05-26: HB 874 stalled, but the no-harm-test policy was enacted via successor HB 911 (signed into law).", "sources": [ "https://legislature.idaho.gov/sessioninfo/2026/legislation/H0874/", "https://boisedev.com/news/2026/02/24/data-electricity-testing/", "https://www.ktvb.com/article/news/local/idaho-power-rate-increases-settlement-debate-data-center-costs/277-9e3e543f-60bf-4aa9-a44f-9ec09716463c", { "url": "https://idahoconservation.org/icl-bill-tracker/electricity-new-large-loads", "title": "Idaho Conservation League large-loads tracker" } ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "bill_url": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/sessioninfo/2026/legislation/H0874/", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Prevent data center cost pass-through to residential rates in ID", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Stephanie Mickelsen (R-ID)" ] }, { "id": "montana-northwestern-1400mw-2026", "jurisdiction": "Montana (statewide demand)", "state": "MT", "lat": 46.5891, "lng": -112.0391, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "active", "scope": "statewide", "energy_mw": 1400, "summary": "NorthWestern Energy, Montana's largest utility, entered letters of intent with data center developers including Sabey DC and Atlas Power in Butte, and Quantica near Billings, projecting up to 1,400 MW of total demand by 2030 -- more than double Montana's current peak load. A coalition of nine groups including Montana Environmental Information Center, Earthjustice, and Butte Watchdogs filed a Public Service Commission complaint, warning that data center infrastructure costs could be shifted to residential ratepayers.", "sources": [ "https://montanafreepress.org/2025/11/18/groups-push-back-on-montanas-data-center-boom/", "https://dailymontanan.com/2026/02/23/eleven-data-center-developers-in-talks-with-northwestern-group-says/", "https://earthjustice.org/press/2025/groups-file-complaint-to-stop-northwestern-energy-from-shifting-data-center-costs-to-residential-customers" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-18", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Coalition of 7 organizations opposes 1,400 MW data center demand on NorthWestern Energy grid", "community_outcome": "pending", "opposition_groups": [ "Montana Environmental Information Center", "Climate Smart Missoula", "Big Sky 55+", "NW Energy Coalition", "Montana Public Interest Research Group", "Butte Watchdogs for Social and Environmental Justice", "Golden Triangle Resource Council", "Helena Interfaith Climate Advocates", "Honor the Earth" ], "company": "Sabey DC / Atlas Power / Quantica / TAC Data Centers", "sponsors": [ "Montana Environmental Information Center" ] }, { "id": "utah-hb-76-water-disclosure-2026", "jurisdiction": "Utah (HB 76)", "state": "UT", "lat": 40.7608, "lng": -111.891, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "passed", "scope": "statewide", "bill_name": "HB 76 - Water Disclosure", "summary": "In Utah, Governor Cox signed HB 76 on March 23, 2026, Requiring new data centers (10,000+ sq ft) to notify water providers of projected demands and report actual water consumption annually to the state. Sponsored by Rep. Jill Koford (R-Ogden), the bill nearly failed in the Senate but passed after being amended to apply only to new facilities. The bill had unanimous support in the House and was part of a broader legislative push to protect Great Salt Lake and conserve water.", "sources": [ "https://le.utah.gov/~2026/bills/static/HB0076.html", "https://www.upr.org/politics/2026-03-17/how-utahs-2026-legislative-session-reshaped-water-policy", "https://www.greatsaltlakewaterkeeper.org/news/victory-for-transparency-accountability-at-the-utah-legislature", { "url": "https://www.abc4.com/news/politics/ut-house-committee-advances-hb-76/", "title": "" } ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "bill_url": "https://le.utah.gov/~2026/bills/static/HB0076.html", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Mandate data center water use reports with $10K/day fines (HB 76)", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Jill Koford (R-UT)" ], "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "Merged duplicate entry 'utah-statewide-hb-76-ut-2026-01-15' into this entry during validation (sources combined).", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "lyon-county-monarch-nv-2025-12", "jurisdiction": "Lyon County (Monarch)", "state": "NV", "county": "Lyon County", "lat": 38.9824, "lng": -119.1443, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-12-07", "status": "approved", "scope": "local", "company": "Monarch Data Center LLC", "energy_mw": 1000, "investment_usd": 11000000000, "acreage": 505, "summary": "Copia Power's Monarch Data Center, backed by Carlyle Group, won approval for an $11B, 1,000 MW campus on 505 acres rezoned from agriculture in Mason Valley. The 14-building, 4.6M sq ft facility includes onsite power infrastructure and energy storage. Lyon County, Nevada, Commission approved 4-1 despite 13-4 public opposition. Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe Chairman Steven Wadsworth warned data center water demand could reduce flows to Pyramid Lake. Plans prioritize waterless cooling but still require water from private sources.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/land-rezoning-approved-for-data-center-in-lyon-county-nevada/", "https://nevadacurrent.com/2026/02/09/data-center-water-power-needs-regulatory-challenges-strain-rural-communities/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "farmland", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Block Monarch Data Center rezoning of 505 acres in Lyon County", "community_outcome": "loss", "megawatts": 1000, "investment_million_usd": 11000, "opposition_groups": [ "Lyon County residents (ad hoc)" ] }, { "id": "east-lansing-mi-moratorium-2026-03-17", "jurisdiction": "East Lansing", "state": "MI", "county": "Ingham County", "lat": 42.7369, "lng": -84.4839, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-17", "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "summary": "East Lansing City Council enacted a 6-month moratorium on data center development in March 2026, pausing new applications while the city studies potential impacts on the community. The moratorium reflects growing concern across Michigan about data center expansion targeting the state. Key concerns driving this action include zoning concerns. The community successfully achieved its objective.", "sources": [ "https://www.wkar.org/wkar-news/2026-03-18/east-lansing-passes-data-center-moratorium-while-evaluating-zoning-ordinances", "https://eastlansinginfo.news/east-lansing-council-delays-vote-on-apartment-places-moratorium-on-data-centers-officially-discontinues-el-fresco/", "https://bridgemi.com/michigan-environment-watch/at-least-19-michigan-towns-pause-data-centers-no-one-knows-if-itll-work/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-19", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose 6-month data centers moratorium in East Lansing", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_groups": [ "Michigan Economic Development Responsibility Alliance" ] }, { "id": "detroit-mi-moratorium-2026-03-18", "jurisdiction": "Detroit", "state": "MI", "county": "Wayne County", "lat": 42.3314, "lng": -83.0458, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-10", "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "summary": "Detroit, Michigan, City Council voted 6-2 on March 18, 2026 for a resolution asking Mayor Mary Sheffield to halt all data center permits for two years while the city studies environmental and economic impacts. The resolution, spearheaded by District 3 Council Member Scott Benson, calls for research into grid stability, water use, noise pollution, and land use impacts. Council President James Tate Jr. and President Pro Tem Coleman Young II voted against it, citing concerns about the moratorium's length. (The 6-2 vote is a resolution asking the mayor to impose the pause; it is not itself binding.)", "sources": [ "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/03/detroit-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.michiganpublic.org/environment-climate-change/2026-03-18/detroit-city-council-asks-mayor-to-consider-data-center-moratorium", "https://www.bridgedetroit.com/data-center-moratorium-for-detroit/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Pause data centers in Detroit pending regulations", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_groups": [ "Michigan Economic Development Responsibility Alliance", "Michigan Sierra Club" ] }, { "id": "grant-county-ar-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Grant County", "state": "AR", "county": "Grant County", "lat": 34.2901, "lng": -92.4224, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "active", "company": "Sheridan Data Center LLC (Clean Cloud Energy)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 5000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Grant County Data Center" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/stopgrantcountydatacenter", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Grant County, Arkansas, Quorum Court passed a resolution allowing officials to negotiate a PILOT agreement with Sheridan Data Center LLC (operating under Clean Cloud Energy) for a proposed data and solar center just outside Sheridan. Residents protested at the courthouse, citing water depletion concerns (county relies on underground water only), lack of company transparency, and project scale. A resident sued the county for FOIA violations. The Facebook opposition group 'Stop Grant County Data Center' has more than 1,000 members.", "sources": [ "https://www.kark.com/news/state-news/grant-county-residents-voice-concerns-over-proposed-data-solar-center/", "https://www.kark.com/news/local-news/people-protest-at-the-grant-county-courthouse-against-proposed-data-and-solar-center-near-sheridan/", "https://www.southarkansasreckoning.com/grant-county-data-center-opponents-to-protest-monday/" ], "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook_members": 1700, "issue_category": [ "contract_guarantees", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Rally against Sheridan Data Center LLC's proposed data and solar center in Grant County", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified. The entry's investment_million_usd=5000 ($5B) is unverifiable for this project. Sources describe the Sheridan Data Center LLC / Clean Cloud Energy data-and-solar project only a", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "matthews-mecklenburg-county-nc-2025-09-01", "jurisdiction": "Matthews", "state": "NC", "county": "Mecklenburg County", "lat": 35.1168, "lng": -80.7237, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2025-09-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Crosland Southeast / Crow Holdings / Engineered Land Solutions", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Accelerate", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 123, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Save Matthews - NO AI Data Center" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/no-data-centers-in-matthews-nc", "petition_signatures": 2987, "summary": "Developers proposed a 123-acre data center campus (Project Accelerate) near I-485 and East John Street in Matthews, North Carolina, Mecklenburg County (by Crosland Southeast / Crow Holdings / Engineered Land Solutions). After a contentious community open house and a Change.org petition gathering over 2,100 signatures, the developer withdrew the rezoning application on October 8, 2025. Under local rules, the developer can resubmit after 6 months (April 2026).", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/project-accelerate-data-center-could-come-to-matthews-north-carolina/", "https://www.wbtv.com/2025/09/22/proposed-data-center-matthews-met-with-mixed-opinions-what-know/", "https://www.qcnews.com/news/u-s/north-carolina/mecklenburg-county/matthews/developer-of-proposed-data-center-in-matthews-withdraws-application-mayor-says/", "https://www.change.org/p/no-data-centers-in-matthews-nc" ], "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "opposition_facebook_members": 200, "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "developer", "objective": "Community pressure forces withdrawal of 123-acre Project Accelerate rezoning in Matthews", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "prior opposition_website (projectacceleratenc.com) was actually the developer's site, not an opposition group — removed", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "fair-oaks-tulsa-ok-2024-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Tulsa (Fair Oaks)", "state": "OK", "county": "Tulsa County", "lat": 36.1343, "lng": -95.8216, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2024-06-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Atmoss", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": "Project Anthem", "investment_million_usd": 800, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 340, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 50, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Data Center Project Anthem Fair Oaks" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Atmoss LLC's 'Project Anthem' data center at Fair Oaks Industrial Park was approved by Tulsa, Oklahoma, City Council with an 85% property tax exemption for 25 years. The $800M site broke ground in October 2025 despite community concerns. In March 2026, the Tulsa Metropolitan Area Planning Commission delayed a decision on rezoning an additional 375 acres for expansion. Residents continue to question water usage (projected at 1 billion gallons/year) and lack of community input. explicitly says developer identity 'has not been publicly disclosed.')", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/340-acre-data-center-campus-planned-in-tulsa-oklahoma/", "https://www.publicradiotulsa.org/local-regional/2025-07-17/tulsa-county-commissioners-approve-data-center-zoning-despite-boisterous-public-opposition", "https://www.fox23.com/news/in-depth-tulsa-leaders-consider-pause-on-new-data-centers-as-debate-grows-across-green/article_b2038fa2-74d4-4adc-9cfa-e8b5b0a041af.html", "https://tulsaflyer.org/2026/03/19/government/post/east-tulsa-data-center-rezoning-for-project-anthem-delayed/" ], "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook_members": 87, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "tax_incentive", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Oppose Atmoss Project Anthem data center after 85% tax exemption approved in Tulsa", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Meta hyperscaler attribution unsupported — Tulsaflyer source (2026-03-19", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "muskogee-county-ok-google-2025-11-20", "jurisdiction": "Muskogee County", "state": "OK", "county": "Muskogee County", "lat": 35.6233, "lng": -95.3697, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-11-20", "status": "active", "company": "Google", "hyperscaler": "Google", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 9000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 20000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Muskogee County RWD #6 NO WATER FOR DATA CENTERS" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Google announced plans to build two data center campuses near Summit and Council Hill in Muskogee County as part of a $9 billion Oklahoma investment. Rural Water District #6 and local residents object to the projects over water consumption concerns. The Council Hill campus anticipates ~20,000 gallons/day from the local water district. Indigenous environmental advocates warn that tech companies are targeting rural and indigenous communities because of available space and resources, often under NDAs that block elected officials from sharing details.", "sources": [ "https://www.newson6.com/technology/google-data-centers-muskogee-county-oklahoma", "https://ktul.com/news/local/google-announces-2-data-center-campuses-in-muskogee-county-summit-council-hill-electricity-grid-energy-investment-ai-cloud-workspace-search-maps-port-stephens-infrastructure-workforce-agriculture", "https://tulsaflyer.org/2026/02/23/business/post/oklahoma-data-center-water-demand/", "https://www.okenergytoday.com/2026/03/regulators-to-hold-muskogee-meeting-about-water-concerns/" ], "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-03-23", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook_members": 21, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Google data center over water in Muskogee County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "young-county-tx-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Young County", "state": "TX", "county": "Young County", "lat": 33.0637, "lng": -98.6879, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "active", "company": "Stream Data Centers / Headwaters Site Development", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Saltworks", "investment_million_usd": 1250, "megawatts": 600, "acreage": 867, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Concerned Citizens of Young County" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 900, "summary": "Stream Data Centers and Headwaters Site Development proposed Project Saltworks, an 867-acre data center campus with 600+ MW capacity between FM 61 and FM 209 in Young County, Texas,. Concerned Citizens of Young County organized meetings and public outreach, with a petition gathering 900+ signatures in one week. Headwaters has not yet identified an end-user but is in discussions with Google, Microsoft, Amazon, and Meta, expecting to announce by end of 2026 with construction in 2027.", "sources": [ "https://www.grahamleader.com/news/data-center-developer-share-project-information-city-council", "https://www.grahamleader.com/news/data-center-parties-draw-local-groups", "https://www.grahamleader.com/news/data-center-opposition-hosts-additional-public-outreach", "https://www.texastribune.org/2025/10/02/rural-texas-data-centers-water/" ], "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-03-23", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook_members": 159, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Petition to block Stream Data Centers data center in Young County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "leon-county-marquez-tx-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Leon County (Marquez)", "state": "TX", "county": "Leon County", "lat": 31.2382, "lng": -96.2358, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "active", "company": "Belltown Power", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Kahla Project", "investment_million_usd": 15000, "megawatts": 1500, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens United for Responsible Growth in Leon County" ], "opposition_website": "https://curg.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Belltown Power proposed the Kahla Project, a 1,500 MW data center on private property near Marquez in Leon County, Texas,. The $15 billion project aims to complete half by 2026 and the rest by 2027. Nearly 200 residents packed a meeting in Jewett to challenge the project, citing health impacts, livestock effects, noise, lighting, public safety, and water use. Leon County has 11 endangered species. Belltown Power has declined invitations to attend public meetings. The grassroots opposition group Citizens United for Responsible Growth (CURG) organized the community response.", "sources": [ "https://www.kbtx.com/2025/12/24/leon-county-bracing-1500-megawatt-data-center/", "https://www.kxxv.com/news/local-news/in-your-neighborhood/leon-county-residents-oppose-proposed-1-500-megawatt-data-center-project", "https://www.kbtx.com/2026/01/14/leon-county-hosts-town-hall-discuss-future-planned-data-center/", "https://www.kxxv.com/news/local-news/in-your-neighborhood/leon-county-residents-hold-meeting-over-proposed-marquez-data-center" ], "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-03-23", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook_members": 2600, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "noise", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Mobilize opposition to Belltown Power data center in Leon County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "appomattox-county-va-2024-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Appomattox County", "state": "VA", "county": "Appomattox County", "lat": 37.3722, "lng": -78.8267, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-24", "status": "active", "company": "AVAIO Digital", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Hercules", "investment_million_usd": 3000, "megawatts": 300, "acreage": 452, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 250, "opposition_groups": [ "Appomattox Data Center Watch", "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition", "Piedmont Environmental Council" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.pecva.org/datacenters", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In Appomattox County, Virginia, AVAIO Digital's 'Project Hercules,' a $3B hyperscale data center campus on 452 acres, was approved in December 2024. The site in the county's industrial park is fully zoned for data centers and cleared for rapid construction. Six buildings are planned with 200-250 jobs. Residents say the project was approved without meaningful public input — the deal was announced in December 2024 but a public information session didn't occur until over a year later. Protests erupted in March 2026 with residents raising concerns about water usage, noise, and lack of transparency.", "sources": [ "https://www.wdbj7.com/2026/02/24/appomattox-residents-concerned-about-planned-data-center/", "https://wset.com/news/local/3b-data-center-planned-on-452-acres-in-appomattox-county-sparking-community-pushback", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/avaio-plans-300mw-data-center-campus-in-appomattox-county-virginia/", "https://cardinalnews.org/2024/12/11/appomatox-county-strikes-deal-for-data-center/", "https://www.wsls.com/news/local/2026/03/24/data-centers-spark-protests-in-appomattox-county/", "https://wset.com/news/local/appomattox-county-residents-press-developers-on-3b-data-center-campus-economic-development-authority-new-jobs-tax-revenue-local-resources-community-march-2026", "https://www.wsls.com/news/local/2026/03/25/proposed-appomattox-data-center-promises-jobs-but-sparks-water-usage-fears/" ], "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook_members": 900, "issue_category": [ "noise", "transparency", "water", "community_impact", "environmental", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Rally against AVAIO Digital data center in Appomattox County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "botetourt-county-va-google-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Botetourt County", "state": "VA", "county": "Botetourt County", "lat": 37.5518, "lng": -79.8126, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Google", "hyperscaler": "Google", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 3000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 312, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 8000000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Southwest Virginia Data Center Transparency Alliance", "Botetourt Data Center Concern Group" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Google formally announced a data center campus on 312 acres in Daleville on March 26, 2026 (also dubbed Project Raspberry). Plans include 3 data center buildings (~300,000 sq ft each), 3 substations, and a 28,000 sq ft office building. The facility will draw up to 2 million gallons of water/day from Carvins Cove, potentially rising to 8 million gallons/day at full build-out. Google will pay for all water and electric infrastructure. Construction on the first building expected to begin in 2026, completion in 2028. County estimates ~$30M/year in taxes. On April 8, residents packed a community meeting raising concerns about water supply. The Southwest Virginia Data Center Transparency Alliance said the announcement left key questions unanswered. Some residents are discussing recalling Board of Supervisors members; others are considering legal action. On April 17, 2026, the Botetourt County Chamber of Commerce formally endorsed the Google data center project, adding to business-community support for the facility despite continued resident opposition over water use and transparency. UPDATE 2026-04-21: On April 17, 2026 the Botetourt County Chamber of Commerce formally endorsed the Google data center project.", "sources": [ "https://www.wdbj7.com/2026/03/26/google-reveals-more-details-about-botetourt-county-data-center-plans/", "https://www.wdbj7.com/2026/03/26/google-confirms-development-botetourt-county-data-center-campus/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/google-details-planned-data-center-in-botetourt-county-virginia/", "https://www.wsls.com/news/local/2026/03/12/documents-reveal-key-details-of-proposed-google-data-center-project-in-botetourt-county/", "https://www.wdbj7.com/2026/02/25/google-data-centers-expected-water-use-made-public/", "https://www.wdbj7.com/2026/01/17/botetourt-county-leaders-say-google-data-center-already-generating-revenue-funding-public-safety-schools/", "https://cardinalnews.org/2026/04/03/have-questions-about-googles-data-center-project-in-botetourt-county-we-have-some-answers/", "https://www.wsls.com/news/local/2026/04/03/residents-divided-as-google-announces-official-data-center-campus-in-botetourt-county/", "https://www.wdbj7.com/2026/04/08/residents-raise-concerns-over-proposed-botetourt-county-data-center/", "https://www.wdbj7.com/2026/03/31/data-center-transparency-group-responds-google-announcement/" ], "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook_members": 10, "water_gallons_per_day": null, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Community pressure forces Google to withdraw in Botetourt County", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "strasburg-shenandoah-county-va-2025-03-01", "jurisdiction": "Strasburg", "state": "VA", "county": "Shenandoah County", "lat": 38.9884, "lng": -78.3586, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-03-01", "status": "active", "company": "Takanock", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Tallmadge", "investment_million_usd": 8000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 87, "building_sq_ft": 2000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "No Data Centers - Strasburg VA" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In Shenandoah County, Virginia, Takanock proposed Project Tallmadge, A 2-million-sq-ft data center on 87 acres in Strasburg's industrial park near I-81 Exit 296, with an $8 billion capital investment. The land is zoned industrial (by-right use). Residents questioned water use, noise, and long-term oversight at a March 2025 public meeting. Shenandoah County is drafting its first data center regulations focusing on water use, noise control, and land protections, with the county's reliance on small-town water systems and private wells making it vulnerable to high-volume industrial users. Construction potentially commencing late 2027.", "sources": [ "https://www.nvdaily.com/nvdaily/shenandoah-county-weighing-safeguards-as-it-shapes-data-center-policy/article_9457e215-e1c7-5396-93ce-537a11345351.html", "https://baxtel.com/data-center/takanock-project-tallmadge" ], "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook_members": 101, "issue_category": [ "noise", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Rally against Takanock data center in Strasburg", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "monroe-county-wv-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Monroe County", "state": "WV", "county": "Monroe County", "lat": 37.5623, "lng": -80.5498, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "active", "company": "Undisclosed developer (state-facilitated)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Monroe County Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Monroe County residents organized opposition to potential data center development (by Undisclosed developer (state-facilitated)). The Monroe County Commission denied ongoing data center discussions, but acknowledged that recent West Virginia state legislation (2025) removed local authority over certified data center projects, limiting the Commission's ability to regulate or influence them. The Commission encouraged residents to contact state legislators. The state legislative session ending March 14, 2026 further increased data center development powers while reducing local control, despite overwhelming public opposition.", "sources": [ "https://therealwv.com/2026/02/06/monroe-county-commission-denies-data-center-discussions/", "https://mountainstatespotlight.org/2025/12/14/data-center-pushback-lawmakers-respond/", "https://www.govtech.com/security/public-outcry-surrounds-west-virginia-data-center-tax-break-bill" ], "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-03-23", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook_members": 328, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Resist data center siting in Monroe County after state law preempted local authority", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "sheboygan-county-wi-2025-07-01", "jurisdiction": "Sheboygan", "state": "WI", "county": "Sheboygan County", "lat": 43.7508, "lng": -87.7145, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-07-01", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 62, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "No Data Center In Sheboygan" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/no-sheboygan-ai-data-center", "petition_signatures": 625, "summary": "The City of Sheboygan Finance and Personnel Committee passed a recommendation for a purchase agreement with Amazon.com Services LLC to sell 58.1 acres at the intersection of Stahl Road and South Taylor Drive — for what is described as a logistics center, not a data center. Project would create hundreds of jobs and inject $73M in wages. Around a dozen Sheboygan residents showed opposition. Separately, the regional impact: ATC's $1.4B transmission project to support a Port Washington data center would span Ozaukee, Washington, Sheboygan, Fond du Lac, Manitowoc, and Calumet counties — pending PSC approval, construction could begin mid-2026. New North hosted a Data Center Educational Forum for Municipal Leaders in March 2026. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'loss' per https://wtmj.com/news/2026/01/22/city-of-sheboygan-approves-land-sale-to-amazon-for-logistics-facility/.]", "sources": [ "https://www.tmj4.com/news/sheboygan-county/sheboygan-residents-raise-concerns-about-speculated-data-center-amid-land-deal-city-denies-data-center", "https://www.sheboygansun.com/news/amazon-project-sheboygan-concerns/article_63631a02-170a-4a2b-a9af-2cfeea56d1b1.html", "https://www.tmj4.com/news/sheboygan-county/sheboygan-amazon-warehouse-deal-approved-residents-petition-in-opposition-to-any-potential-data-centers" ], "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook_members": 1198, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose KBC Advisors data center in Sheboygan", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "actual proposal is Amazon logistics, not a data center; no formal data center proposal confirmed", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "raton-colfax-county-nm-2026-02-10", "jurisdiction": "Raton", "state": "NM", "county": "Colfax County", "lat": 36.8973, "lng": -104.4392, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-06-09", "status": "delayed", "company": "Atterix", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Advanced Digital Hub Infrastructure Project", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Raton Data Center Hub MOU Discussion" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Raton, New Mexico, City Commission voted 3-1 on February 10, 2026 to approve a six-month MOU with Atterix for a feasibility study on an 'Advanced Digital Hub Infrastructure Project' at the former Kmart building, despite citizen pushback. Residents demanded transparency about Atterix and the MOU terms. City officials clarified the MOU is only for a feasibility study, not construction approval, and includes a request not to divulge proprietary information shared during the six-month study period. The Facebook discussion group has a neutral stance, focused on monitoring the MOU process. On June 9, 2026 the Raton City Commission delayed a decision on a proposed data center moratorium pending a legal review of how it would interact with the existing Atterix MOU; Mayor Pro Tem Mark Honeyfield said 'It appears we're doing a bait-and-switch in bad faith.' [Update 2026-06-22: UPDATE to Raton's proposed data center moratorium. On June 9, 2026 the Raton City Commission voted to postpone a decision on a data center moratorium because city staff had not yet completed a legal review of how the moratorium would interact with the city's existing memorandum of understanding (approved 3-1 in February) with Colorado-based Atterix LLC,...]", "sources": [ "https://krtnradio.com/wp/2026/02/10/atterix-mou-causes-uproar-among-some-attendees/", "https://worldjournalnewspaper.com/commissioners-talk-data-center-roads-events-and-more/", { "url": "https://sourcenm.com/2026/06/10/small-northern-new-mexico-city-postpones-decision-on-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Small northern New Mexico city postpones decision on data center moratorium — Source New Mexico" }, { "url": "https://www.santafenewmexican.com/news/business/ai-data-center-proposal-in-raton-draws-opposition/article_605c80c8-0a7f-4726-b790-3e2d96f882ed.html", "title": "AI data center proposal in Raton draws opposition — Santa Fe New Mexican" } ], "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook_members": 51, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Atterix data center in Raton", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "davenport-scott-county-ia-2024-05-01", "jurisdiction": "Davenport", "state": "IA", "county": "Scott County", "lat": 41.5236, "lng": -90.5776, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2024-05-01", "status": "active", "company": "Meta", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 800, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 328, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "No Data Centers Davenport" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Meta named as company behind 328-acre, $800M data center campus in Davenport in May 2024. Iowa Economic Development Authority approved incentives for a 715,000 sq ft facility with 35 jobs. Environmental activist Elizabeth VanCamp raised concerns about electricity and water usage. As of March 2026, more than a year after Meta's plans were revealed, the land remains empty and Meta has not broken ground or revealed any construction timeline, despite previously targeting Q4 2025. Opposition concerns center on excessive electricity/water use, few permanent jobs, and impacts on construction industry.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/meta-named-as-company-behind-328-acre-data-center-in-davenport-iowa/", "https://www.wqad.com/article/money/economy/davenport-proposed-meta-data-center-land-remains-empty/526-3150dbfe-4520-41ed-8f98-ed5c304772a5", "https://qctimes.com/news/local/business/article_b66be122-4747-480e-b683-e8c9fa8c8bb2.html", "https://www.kwqc.com/2026/03/06/more-than-house-less-than-grocery-store-how-much-electricity-qca-data-centers-uses/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/01032026/iowa-county-data-center-ordinance/" ], "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "opposition_facebook_members": 123, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Meta data center over water in Davenport", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "watts-township-perry-county-pa-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Watts Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Perry County", "lat": 40.4261, "lng": -77.0345, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-04-01", "status": "delayed", "company": "MRP Industrial", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Concerned Citizens of Watts Township" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/ccwattstownship/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Overflow crowd at supervisor meeting forced the session outdoors. Supervisors delayed a full hearing on data center zoning ordinances until May. Residents concerned about property values, electricity bills, noise/light pollution, and Susquehanna River pollution. Volunteer fire chief was one of few supporters citing potential tax revenue.", "sources": [ "https://www.witf.org/2026/04/02/perry-co-residents-get-delay-in-watts-township-data-center-ordinance/", "https://penncapital-star.com/energy-environment/perry-county-community-gets-delay-in-data-center-ordinance/" ], "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "opposition_facebook_members": 159, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning", "property_values" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Organize against data center zoning in Watts Township", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "allen-county-fort-wayne-in-2023-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Allen County / Fort Wayne", "state": "IN", "county": "Allen County", "lat": 40.977, "lng": -85.133, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2023-10-01", "status": "approved", "scope": "local", "company": "Google (via Hatchworks LLC)", "hyperscaler": "Google", "investment_million_usd": 2000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 900, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "summary": "Google (via Hatchworks LLC) confirmed as developer of 'Project Zodiac' in Jan 2024. Broke ground April 2024 on a $2B data center campus on Fort Wayne's far east side. First phase became operational in 2025, employing up to 200 people. Indiana IDEM approved filling 2+ acres of protected wetlands for expansion despite local opposition. Google requested 179 diesel generators (528 MW backup power) with 1,074,000 gallons of diesel storage. Community concerns about environmental impact, wetlands destruction, and diesel pollution were overridden at state and local levels.", "sources": [ "https://www.wboi.org/2025-12-05/googles-data-center-part-one", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/indiana-approves-expanding-googles-fort-wayne-data-center-campus-onto-protected-wetlands-despite-local-opposition/", "https://www.wfyi.org/news/articles/googles-data-center-what-the-build-could-mean-for-fort-wayne", "https://www.hecweb.org/2025/10/07/hecs-public-comments-on-the-isolated-wetland-permit-for-project-zodiac-data-center/", "https://www.wane.com/top-stories/google-confirms-its-the-business-behind-project-zodiac-data-center-project-in-fort-wayne/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/googles-2bn-data-center-now-operational-in-fort-wayne-indiana/", "https://www.wane.com/top-stories/google-data-centers-third-phase-under-environmental-review/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Stop FW Data Center Campus" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/stopfwdatacentercampus", "opposition_facebook_members": 1137, "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "noise", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Google's $2B Project Zodiac data center over wetland fill in Fort Wayne", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "clinton-county-frankfort-in-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Clinton County (Frankfort)", "state": "IN", "county": "Clinton County", "lat": 40.279, "lng": -86.511, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "defeated", "scope": "local", "company": "Logistix Realty", "hyperscaler": null, "investment_million_usd": 10000, "megawatts": 300, "acreage": 715, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "summary": "Logistix Realty proposed a data center near Frankfort, first petitioning to rezone land within city limits (withdrawn July 2025), then filing a new request in December 2025 to rezone 715 acres of agricultural land to light industrial in unincorporated Clinton County. The Area Plan Commission sent a 'no recommendation' to commissioners. On January 20, 2026, commissioners voted unanimously 3-0 to deny the rezoning, citing resident opposition and concerns about water, electricity, noise, farmland loss, and lack of an identified end-user. A 12-month waiting period now applies. The 'Clinton County Indiana-NO DATA CENTERS' Facebook group mobilized opposition including yard sign campaigns.", "sources": [ "https://www.wthr.com/article/news/local/clinton-county-commissioners-reject-data-center-project-over-growing-concerns-rezoning-plan-proposal/531-30cc9c05-69e5-4fb6-b510-78929ce6751b", "https://www.wishtv.com/news/local-news/clinton-county-rejects-data-center/", "https://fox59.com/news/more-negative-than-positive-clinton-county-commissioners-reject-data-center-project/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/land-rezoning-proposal-for-300mw-data-center-in-frankfort-indiana-rescinded-by-developer/", "https://clintoncountydailynews.com/clinton-county-commissioners-deny-rezoning-request-for-proposed-data-center/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Clinton County Indiana-NO DATA CENTERS" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/clintoncountyindiananodc", "opposition_facebook_members": 806, "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-03-23", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "farmland", "grid_energy", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Petition to block Logistix Realty data center in Clinton County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "decatur-county-greensburg-in-2024-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Decatur County (Greensburg)", "state": "IN", "county": "Decatur County", "lat": 39.337, "lng": -85.484, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2024-12-01", "status": "approved", "scope": "local", "company": "Jumping Bison LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "investment_million_usd": 800, "megawatts": 300, "acreage": 550, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "summary": "Greensburg City Council unanimously approved a 10-year, 60% property tax abatement for Jumping Bison LLC's 550-acre data center campus along I-74 in December 2024. The Coalition to Protect Decatur County, Indiana, Against AI Data Center launched a petition that gathered hundreds of signatures voicing concerns about the 833-acre, $800M campus planned for seven buildings totaling over 7M sq ft consuming 300+ MW. The developer's identity remains undisclosed. Opposition cited lack of transparency about risks, but the project was approved.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/locals-launch-petition-opposing-proposed-550-acre-data-center-campus-in-decatur-county-indiana/", "https://wrbiradio.com/anti-ai-data-center-group-organizing-in-decatur-county/", "https://fox59.com/news/indynews/decatur-data-center-battle-attracts-statewide-support/", "https://baxtel.com/data-center/jumping-bison-greensburg-in" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition to Protect Decatur County Against AI Data Center" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61580212506454", "opposition_facebook_members": 364, "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 950, "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "environmental", "farmland", "tax_incentive", "transparency", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "950-signature petition opposing Jumping Bison data center", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "url_unverifiable", "note": "Validation: removed dead petition_url link (https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-jumping-bison-data-center-in-decatur-county).", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "elkhart-county-bristol-in-2024-09-01", "jurisdiction": "Elkhart County (Bristol)", "state": "IN", "county": "Elkhart County", "lat": 41.721, "lng": -85.818, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2024-09-01", "status": "approved", "scope": "local", "company": "Pinnacle Properties", "hyperscaler": null, "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 247, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "summary": "Pinnacle Properties, representing landowner Christine Truee Wilhelm, sought to rezone 247 acres of farmland on County Road 23 in Bristol, Indiana, for a data center campus of 800,000 to 1.2 million sq ft with an estimated $1B investment. The Bristol planning commission initially rejected the proposal in January 2024. A second application was submitted and the Town Council voted 5-1 in September 2024 to approve the rezoning despite heated opposition. The 'Bristol United: No Data Center' Facebook group organized residents concerned about noise, light pollution, farmland loss, well water impacts, and rising power costs.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/locals-voice-concerns-over-upcoming-data-center-in-bristol-indiana/", "https://www.abc57.com/news/bristol-data-center-rezoning-approved-despite-heated-opposition", "https://www.elkharttruth.com/news/bristol-annexes-land-that-neighbors-fear-will-host-data-center/article_4fe63ad4-f0b0-5ab9-9e5b-03bd73240ce5.html", "https://www.953mnc.com/2024/09/10/bristol-residents-oppose-proposed-data-center/", "https://www.wvpe.org/wvpe-news/2024-09-20/bristol-approves-controversial-data-center-rezoning" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Bristol United: No Data Center" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/bristolunitednodc", "opposition_facebook_members": 183, "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-03-24", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland", "noise", "ratepayer", "traffic", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Pinnacle Properties data center over water in Elkhart County", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "laporte-county-in-2024-06-01", "jurisdiction": "LaPorte County", "state": "IN", "county": "LaPorte County", "lat": 41.611, "lng": -86.725, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-04-13", "status": "approved", "scope": "local", "company": "Microsoft", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": 538, "acreage": 1500, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "summary": "Microsoft's $1B data center was approved for a 245,000 sq ft facility on 489 acres at Radius Industrial Park in LaPorte. On April 13, 2026, the LaPorte Common Council voted to annex roughly 1,000 additional acres of farmland for Microsoft's data center expansion, enabling Microsoft to expand from 6 buildings on its initial 500-acre site to 17 total buildings. Microsoft pledged $1 billion total investment, infrastructure cost coverage, AI training programs, and a commitment that residents' electric bills will stay the same. The Common Council will review zoning changes for the 1,000 acres in early May. LaPorte County Commissioner Joe Haney has publicly objected to data centers.", "sources": [ "https://www.wndu.com/2025/12/15/laporte-county-commissioner-takes-stance-against-data-centers/", "https://wsbt.com/news/local/laporte-county-dispels-data-center-rumors-as-microsoft-project-advances-community-local-indiana-legal-pushback-land", "https://www.govtech.com/products/residents-push-indiana-community-toward-halt-on-data-centers", "https://cityoflaporte.com/news/gov-holcomb-announces-plans-for-new-1b-microsoft-data-center-in-northwest-indiana", "https://indianaeconomicdigest.net/MobileContent/Most-Recent/Health-Care/Article/LaPorte-County-backs-limits-on-data-centers-amid-farmland-concerns/31/91/120326", "https://www.wndu.com/2026/03/03/laporte-microsoft-data-center-deal-direct-revenue-local-schools/", "https://www.wndu.com/2026/04/14/city-laporte-votes-annex-roughly-1000-acres-farmland-near-microsoft-data-center-project/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Say No to Data Centers in LaPorte County" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/saynotodatacenterslaportecounty", "opposition_facebook_members": 1155, "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "farmland", "grid_energy", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Organize coalition against Microsoft data center in LaPorte County", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "shelby-county-shelbyville-in-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Shelby County (Shelbyville)", "state": "IN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 39.523, "lng": -85.776, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "approved", "scope": "local", "company": "Prologis", "hyperscaler": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 429, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "summary": "Prologis proposed annexing and rezoning 429 acres east of the SR 44 and I-74 interchange from agricultural to industrial for a data center campus of up to 13 buildings. After a five-hour meeting on January 7, 2026, the Shelbyville, Indiana Plan Commission gave an 'unfavorable' recommendation. Over 6,700 people signed a petition organized by 'Shelbyville Citizens Against Data Centers.' Despite the plan commission rejection and overwhelming public opposition, the City Council voted 5-1 (one abstention) to approve the annexation in February 2026. The council subsequently tabled and then approved the annexation after a 30-day delay for environmental review.", "sources": [ "https://www.wrtv.com/news/local-news/shelby-county/shelbyville/opposition-grows-against-proposed-data-center-in-shelby-county", "https://www.wthr.com/article/news/local/shelbyville-plan-commission-says-no-429-acre-data-center-project-local-news-construction/531-17a451a1-64e7-4023-b5bf-fdeee3f26f4f", "https://www.shelbynews.com/news/prologis-seeking-annexation-zoning-for-data-center/article_4210ebc8-ec49-5eb2-a7dc-821a4a3a811d.html", "https://fox59.com/news/shelbyville-to-consider-annexation-and-rezoning-for-massive-data-center-complex/", "https://www.ibj.com/articles/shelbyville-officials-advance-annexation-for-proposed-data-center" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Shelby County citizens against data centers" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/shelbycountycitizensagainstdatacenters", "opposition_facebook_members": 2400, "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 6700, "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Petition to block Prologis data center in Shelby County", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "warrick-county-in-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Warrick County", "state": "IN", "county": "Warrick County", "lat": 38.092, "lng": -87.27, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Sourecolo", "hyperscaler": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "summary": "Sourecolo, a Lehi, Utah-based company, attended the Warrick County, Indiana, Area Plan Commission meeting on December 8, 2025 to present general information about data centers. No specific project has been formally proposed yet, but the presentation sparked immediate opposition from a Facebook group calling for concerned residents to attend the meeting. Opponents warn about electricity consumption driving up rates for residents and small businesses. The 'Warrick County Data Center Discussion' group has 778 members.", "sources": [ "https://bluewaterhealthyliving.com/news/national-news/indiana/company-looking-to-build-data-center-in-warrick-county-meeting-set/", "https://news.wnin.org/2025-12-05/data-center-proposed-for-warrick-county" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Warrick County Data Center Discussion" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/warrickcountydatacenterdiscussion", "opposition_facebook_members": 778, "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Early opposition to Sourecolo data center presentation in Warrick County", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Confirmed. Both cited primary sources and an independent web search fail to corroborate either the group name \"Warrick County Data Center Discussion\" or the 778-member count. WNIN (news.wnin.org/2025-", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "berrien-county-benton-twp-mi-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Berrien County (Benton Township)", "state": "MI", "county": "Berrien County", "lat": 42.113, "lng": -86.389, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Cornerstone Alliance (site marketer)", "hyperscaler": null, "investment_million_usd": 3000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 280, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "summary": "Cornerstone Alliance marketed a site in Benton Township, Berrien County for data center development, with a proposed $3 billion project. Benton Township's water plant alone lacks capacity, requiring Benton Harbor's struggling water system. Berrien County is in nonattainment for ozone. The county administrator stated he was not aware of any active developer. The 'Flip the Switch Berrien County MI' Facebook group (316 members) formed to challenge data center development in the county. Environmentalists warn of high costs to water, climate, and community despite the economic development promise.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/3-billion-data-center-project-proposed-in-benton-township-michigan/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/plans-for-3bn-data-center-in-benton-township-michigan-stall/", "https://www.wsjm.com/2025/12/04/county-administrator-not-aware-of-any-plans-for-data-centers-in-berrien-county" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Flip the Switch Berrien County MI" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/1254123473401109", "opposition_facebook_members": 316, "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "water" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Block $3B data center over water capacity and ozone nonattainment in Berrien County", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified. The \"316 members\" Facebook count cannot be corroborated from any primary source. Confirmed via WebSearch that the actual group name is \"Flip the Switch (Berrien County MI) End ", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "calhoun-county-marshall-mi-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Calhoun County (Marshall)", "state": "MI", "county": "Calhoun County", "lat": 42.272, "lng": -84.963, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Alterra Development", "hyperscaler": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 200, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "summary": "Alterra Development proposes the Marshall Technology & Energy Center in Brooks Industrial Park, including a data center and gas power plant near Stuart Lake and the Brooks Nature Area. The Local Development Finance Authority approved a purchase agreement for 200+ acres in October 2025 (unanimous vote). Residents were blindsided, with at least 30 attending a meeting where the project was not even on the agenda. The 'Stop the CCP Ford Marshall Megasite' Facebook group (1,819 members) and EDRA of Michigan organized opposition. Concerns center on wetland impacts, noise, electricity and water use, and few permanent jobs. The project is in early due diligence (6-12 months).", "sources": [ "https://www.woodtv.com/news/calhoun-county/proposed-marshall-data-center-met-with-concerns-from-residents/", "https://wwmt.com/news/local/biggest-meeting-data-center-development-concern-marshall-meeting-michigan-alterra-gas-generation-plant-brooks-industrial-park-wetland-environment-conservation-wwmt", "https://wwmt.com/news/local/data-center-gas-generation-plant-proposed-in-marshall-alterra-development-calhoun-county-energy-electricity-water", "https://wtvbam.com/2025/12/19/874062/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Stop the CCP Ford Marshall Megasite" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/stoptheccpfordmarshallmegasite", "opposition_facebook_members": 1819, "opposition_website": "https://edraofmi.org/marshall", "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Organize coalition against Alterra Development data center in Calhoun County", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified, confirm=true.\n\n(1) Facebook member count (1,819): NOT corroborable. The group page (facebook.com/groups/stoptheccpfordmarshallmegasite) is login-walled — WebFetch returned only", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "cass-county-dowagiac-mi-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Cass County (Dowagiac)", "state": "MI", "county": "Cass County", "lat": 41.984, "lng": -86.109, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Hyperscale Data (Alliance Cloud Services)", "hyperscaler": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 340, "acreage": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "summary": "Hyperscale Data (parent of Alliance Cloud Services) operates a 30 MW data center in Dowagiac and plans expansion to 70 MW by 2027 and 340 MW by 2029 — enough energy to power 100,000+ homes. Residents packed City Hall and organized a rally demanding a moratorium on data center expansion. The Dowagiac City Council denied a moratorium petition but unanimously passed a resolution to update industrial zoning. On April 24, 2026, Vandalia, Michigan (Cass County) held a town hall to discuss potential data center developers. State Rep. Steve Carra called for scaling back tax breaks for data center developers. Residents requested a moratorium and clear rules before any project moves forward; no specific company has been confirmed. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'loss' per https://www.abc57.com/news/dowagiac-city-council-denies-a-petition-for-a-moratorium-on-data-center-expansion.]", "sources": [ "https://wwmt.com/news/local/cass-county-urges-more-transparency-data-center-development-new-resolution-dowagiac-hyperscale-energy-water-cooling-noise", "https://www.abc57.com/news/dowagiac-city-council-denies-a-petition-for-a-moratorium-on-data-center-expansion", "https://www.abc57.com/news/dowagiac-city-manager-speaks-on-potential-data-center-expansion-concerns", "https://wsbt.com/news/local/dowagiac-residents-hold-anti-data-center-rally-ask-city-leaders-for-moratorium", "https://www.wndu.com/2025/12/26/proposed-ai-data-center-expansion-raises-concerns-among-dowagiac-residents/", "https://www.wndu.com/2026/04/25/vandalia-holds-town-hall-meeting-discuss-potential-data-center-developers-cass-county/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Dowagiac AI DATA CENTER" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/dowagiacaidatacenter", "opposition_facebook_members": 309, "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 100, "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Petition to block Hyperscale Data data center in Cass County", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "kalkaska-county-mi-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Kalkaska County", "state": "MI", "county": "Kalkaska County", "lat": 44.732, "lng": -85.177, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "cancelled", "scope": "local", "company": "Rocklocker LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1000, "acreage": 1440, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "summary": "Rocklocker LLC (headed by Traverse City geologist Matt Rine) proposed a gigawatt-scale hyperscale data center on 1,440 acres of state-owned land near Island Lake and South River roads, with its own natural gas power plant and carbon capture. The project initially had county commission and economic development support but encountered overwhelmingly negative public feedback. Residents cited concerns about impacts to the Boardman River and other cold water streams, use of public land, water and electricity consumption. The 'Kalkaska, Michigan, Citizens Against the Proposed Data Center' Facebook group (487 members) organized opposition. Rine withdrew the proposal in November 2025, citing threats and community opposition.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/opposition-leads-developer-to-withdraw-data-center-proposal-in-kalkaska-county-michigan/", "https://www.9and10news.com/2025/11/20/kalkaska-county-data-center-project-halted-after-public-opposition/", "https://www.interlochenpublicradio.org/2025-11-20/after-chilly-response-from-public-rocklocker-calls-off-plans-for-kalkaska-data-center", "https://www.traverseticker.com/news/developer-pulls-plug-on-kalkaska-data-center/", "https://www.themidwesterner.news/2025/11/were-gonna-fight-like-hell-local-opposition-kills-hyperscale-data-center-in-kalkaska/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Kalkaska Citizens Against the Proposed Data Center" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/kalkaskacitizensagainstdc", "opposition_facebook_members": 487, "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Community pressure forces Rocklocker to withdraw in Kalkaska County", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified. CONFIRM the figure_unverified flag on the 487 Facebook member count. Acreage (1,440) is corroborated by dbusiness (evidence_url: \"1,440 acres of state land in Kalkaska\"), trave", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "miami-county-piqua-oh-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Miami County (Piqua)", "state": "OH", "county": "Miami County", "lat": 40.144, "lng": -84.242, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "approved", "scope": "local", "company": "J5 LLC (Shaytura LLC)", "hyperscaler": null, "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 1168, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "summary": "The Piqua Commission approved a $1B data center development agreement with J5 LLC (dba Shaytura LLC) on November 3, 2025 after a 4+ hour meeting, with the developer planning two 350,000 sq ft buildings at the I-75 Exit 78 Business and Industrial Park. Residents expressed strong frustration over the waived three-reading rule and emergency designation. Concerns included temporary construction jobs vs. few permanent ones, air and noise pollution, water supply threats to the Great Miami, Ohio, River, and data centers' massive water consumption. The 'Piqua Citizens Against the Data Centers' Facebook group (171 members) and a Change.org petition ('Save Piqua!') organized opposition.", "sources": [ "https://miamivalleytoday.com/piqua-residents-express-frustration-over-proposed-data-center/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/data-center-project-coming-to-piqua-ohio/", "https://miamivalleytoday.com/piqua-commission-hears-plans-for-new-data-center/", "https://www.change.org/p/save-piqua-stop-the-data-center", "https://www.daytondailynews.com/local/life-changing-decision-data-center-growth-fuels-fears-in-local-communities/FQ4JYJCGSVG7TBF7C7A2GR6SVA/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Piqua Citizens Against the Data Centers" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/piquacitizensagainstdc", "opposition_facebook_members": 171, "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/save-piqua-stop-the-data-center", "petition_signatures": 3436, "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "contract_guarantees", "environmental", "noise", "water", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Petition to block J5 (Shaytura) data center in Miami County", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRMED. The field under change is opposition_facebook_members=171 for the group \"Piqua Citizens Against the Data Centers\"; flagging it figure_unverified is correct. Independent verification: (1) No", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "sandusky-county-woodville-oh-2025-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Sandusky County (Woodville Township)", "state": "OH", "county": "Sandusky County", "lat": 41.451, "lng": -83.363, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Danberry National Ltd. (realtor)", "hyperscaler": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 450, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "summary": "In Sandusky County, Ohio, Developers showed interest in approximately 450 acres of industrial land off Township Road 93 in Woodville Township. Danberry National Ltd. served as the realtor, with agents offering landowners $100,000 per acre. Residents from Gibsonburg, Woodville Township, and Madison Township pushed back, but no developer attended a township meeting meant for public discussion. No formal rezoning request or resolution had been filed as of late 2025. Any zoning changes would require public hearings and multiple levels of approval. The 'Woodville & Gibsonburg Data Center' Facebook group (843 members) organized opposition.", "sources": [ "https://www.presspublications.com/stories/woodville-township-data-center-trustees,75028", "https://www.13abc.com/2025/10/14/woodville-township-residents-pushing-back-data-center-proposal/", "https://www.wtol.com/article/news/local/woodville-township-residents-voice-concerns-over-proposed-data-center-tuesday-night/512-6ba51651-f014-4462-b1d2-820b64329caa", "https://www.toledoblade.com/business/development/2025/10/15/data-center-meeting-woodville-township-trustees-get-earful/stories/20251015095" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Woodville & Gibsonburg Data Center" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/woodvillegibsonburgdc", "opposition_facebook_members": 843, "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Push back on $100K/acre land offers for 450-acre data center in Woodville Township", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Confirmed. The 843-member count for the 'Woodville & Gibsonburg Data Center' Facebook group cannot be independently corroborated. The group genuinely exists (id 1491502202160312, confirmed via Google/", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "perry-township-stark-county-oh-2025-08-01", "jurisdiction": "Perry Township (Stark County)", "state": "OH", "county": "Stark County", "lat": 40.788, "lng": -81.443, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-08-01", "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Panattoni Development", "hyperscaler": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 100, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "summary": "Panattoni Development (California-based) purchased 100 acres of industrial-zoned land on Faircrest Street SW in Perry Township, Stark County, planning four buildings (two at 218,000 sq ft, two at 160,000 sq ft) with completion targeted for 2027. Microsoft was previously interested but withdrew in October 2024. The project is paused due to outstanding conditions with Ohio EPA, the regional chamber, and utilities. Canton and Perry Township are at an impasse over a JEDD contract with a 50-year anti-annexation clause. Residents voiced opposition at a March 2026 trustees meeting citing noise, air pollution, electric costs, water use, and lack of transparency. The 'Stop the Data Center Construction in Perry Township' Facebook group (471 members) organized opposition.", "sources": [ "https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/many-perry-township-residents-voice-114547726.html", "https://www.hometownstations.com/news/fortune-500-company-could-potentially-bring-data-center-into-perry-township/article_77d95ef2-59e5-11ef-9d42-7355b206ccf0.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/microsoft-shares-details-on-ohio-data-center-in-perry-township/", "https://www.limaohio.com/top-stories/2024/10/16/microsoft-moves-on-from-proposed-perry-township-data-center/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Stop the Data Center Construction in Perry Township" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/stopperrytownshipdatacenter", "opposition_facebook_members": 471, "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "noise", "ratepayer", "transparency", "water", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Community pressure forces Panattoni Development to withdraw in Perry Township", "community_outcome": "mixed", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified. The evidence_url (Yahoo/CantonRep) confirms acreage=100 and the four building sizes (two at 218,000 sq ft, two at 160,000 sq ft) but contains NO mention of any Facebook group o", "added": "2026-06-18" }, { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Verified independently. The cited yahoo.com source confirms all project facts (100 acres; two 218,000 sq ft + two 160,000 sq ft buildings; 2027 completion bulk target; developer Panattoni Development ", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "washington-county-waterford-oh-2026-01-01", "jurisdiction": "Washington County (Waterford)", "state": "OH", "county": "Washington County", "lat": 39.486, "lng": -81.308, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-01", "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Undisclosed developer (under NDA)", "hyperscaler": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "summary": "Washington County commissioners signed an NDA and letter of intent in January 2026 with an unnamed developer for a potential data center in Waterford. Commissioner Schilling read a letter of intent supporting the developer and offering a 100% tax abatement for 15+ years. Residents packed commissioners' meetings demanding transparency, criticizing the NDA as unethical. Concerns include rising electric rates, aquifer depletion, farmland loss, and few jobs. Ohio House Bill 695 was introduced to ban local officials from signing data center NDAs. As of March 2026, no public meeting had been scheduled despite continued pressure. The 'No Waterford Data Center (Ohio)' Facebook group (64 members) organized opposition.", "sources": [ "https://www.newsandsentinel.com/news/business/2026/02/washington-county-residents-continue-to-raise-concerns-over-data-center-in-waterford/", "https://www.mariettatimes.com/news/local-news/2026/02/commissioners-hope-to-answer-questions-about-waterford-data-center-in-public-dispute/", "https://www.mariettatimes.com/news/local-news/2026/01/disputes-over-data-centers-and-nda-during-washington-county-commission-meeting/", "https://www.wtap.com/2026/02/13/washington-county-residents-pack-commissioners-meeting-over-proposed-data-center/", "https://www.mariettatimes.com/news/local-news/2026/03/washington-county-commissioners-in-contact-with-data-center-developers-about-public-meeting/" ], "opposition_groups": [ "No Waterford Data Center (Ohio)" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/nowaterforddatacenter", "opposition_facebook_members": 64, "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "transparency", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose NDA-shrouded data center proposal in Waterford", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently support flagging the 64-member count as figure_unverified. (1) The 64-member figure is corroborated by no reachable source: it appears in none of the five cited news articles (News & Sen", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "crawford-county-ga-2026-01-06", "jurisdiction": "Crawford County", "state": "GA", "county": "Crawford County", "lat": 32.714, "lng": -83.987, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-01-06", "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "summary": "Crawford County, Georgia, Board of Commissioners passed a 6-month (180-day) moratorium on data center permits on January 6, 2026, by a unanimous 5-0 vote, on the recommendation of Planning & Zoning. County attorney Joel Sherlock stated data center development is 'way more complicated than anything Crawford County has ever seen' and the county lacks infrastructure, rules, and procedures for processing applications. No data center developer had approached the county -- this is a preemptive moratorium. The 'Crawford County Community in Action' Facebook group (22 members) supported the measure.", "sources": [ "https://www.13wmaz.com/article/news/local/peach-crawford/crawford-county-commissioners-pass-moratorium-on-data-centers/93-3f2eec12-3bb9-4963-aaee-dc7cdc800d14", "https://wgxa.tv/news/local/crawford-county-commissioners-pass-180-day-moratorium-on-data-center-applications" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Crawford County Community in Action" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/crawfordcountycommunityinaction", "opposition_facebook_members": 22, "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose 6-month data centers moratorium in Crawford County", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified. wgxa.tv source confirms: Jan 6 2026 vote, 180-day (6-month) moratorium, no developer had approached the county (preemptive), and county attorney Joel Sherlock's quote verbatim ", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "floyd-county-rome-ga-2025-05-01", "jurisdiction": "Floyd County (Rome)", "state": "GA", "county": "Floyd County", "lat": 34.257, "lng": -85.165, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-05-01", "status": "approved", "scope": "local", "company": "Atlas Development", "hyperscaler": null, "investment_million_usd": 1000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 100, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "summary": "Floyd County, GA has three major data center projects: a 347-acre Microsoft campus on Huffaker Road (Project Firecracker, $1B Microsoft investment, going live by 2028); the 178-acre Plainville Road Project near the Lowe's Distribution Center on GA 53; and the 114-acre Coosa Project behind Coosa High School. Atlas Development bought 100 acres of the former Northwest Georgia Regional Hospital property (Battey Business Complex) on N. Division Street for $5.7M from the Rome-Floyd Development Authority in August 2025 and is developing the Coosa and Plainville Road projects. The Floyd County Commission approved the rezoning for the Coosa data center despite citizen pushback in May 2025. Georgia's failure to pass any statewide data center bills in the 2026 session leaves Floyd County in the heart of GA's data center boom with limited tools. Microsoft confirmed for separate 'Project Firecracker' (Huffaker Road, 347ac) but NOT for the Atlas Development Coosa/Plainville/Battey project (100ac).", "sources": [ "https://www.northwestgeorgianews.com/rome/news/local/group-opposing-rome-data-center-gathers-signatures-for-petition/article_e2ebac25-d140-4c55-94e6-5f1f8bbdd624.html", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/atlas-plans-24-million-sq-ft-data-center-campus-outside-rome-georgia/", "https://www.northwestgeorgianews.com/pressrelease/floyd-county-libertarians-oppose-new-data-center-unequivocally-condemn-county-commission-decision/article_319a126c-f33e-4d5f-b3d1-54e5164e903a.html", "https://coosavalleynews.com/2025/11/citizens-group-files-open-meetings-complaint-over-rome-floyd-data-center-deal/", "https://www.change.org/p/we-say-no-to-atlas-development-s-data-center-battey-complex" ], "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Floyd County Hwy 53 Data Center", "We say NO! to Atlas Development" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/stopfloydcountyhwy53dc", "opposition_facebook_members": 262, "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/we-say-no-to-atlas-development-s-data-center-battey-complex", "petition_signatures": 2180, "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Petition to block Atlas Development, Microsoft data center in Floyd County", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Microsoft': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "paulding-county-ga-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Paulding County", "state": "GA", "county": "Paulding County", "lat": 33.92, "lng": -84.867, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "summary": "A 'No Data Center Paulding County Georgia' Facebook group (27 members) formed in response to concerns about potential data center development in the county. Paulding County is part of the broader wave of Georgia communities pushing back against data center expansion, as the state grapples with growing opposition that led to moratoriums in at least 8 municipalities and multiple state bills. Specific project details for Paulding County are limited.", "sources": [ "https://www.gpb.org/news/2025/10/22/wave-of-data-center-ordinances-sweep-through-ga-counties-how-strict-are-they", "https://www.gpb.org/news/2026/01/28/resistance-data-centers-fuels-flood-of-georgia-bills-targeting-the-industry" ], "opposition_groups": [ "No Data Center Paulding County Georgia" ], "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/nodatacenterpaulding", "opposition_facebook_members": 27, "opposition_website": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "data_source": "crdcd_map", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Form Facebook opposition group against potential data center expansion in Paulding County", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified the flag is warranted. (1) The cited evidence_url (GPB 2025-10-22) does not mention Paulding County, the \"No Data Center Paulding County Georgia\" group, or any 27-member figure ", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "forest-grove-or-2024-10-01", "jurisdiction": "Forest Grove", "state": "OR", "county": "Washington County", "lat": 45.5198, "lng": -123.1108, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2024-10-01", "status": "approved", "scope": "local", "company": "Crane Data Centers", "energy_mw": 100, "acreage": 35, "summary": "San Francisco-based Crane Data Centers is building a two-phase campus at 3975 Heather St. in Forest Grove, Oregon, on a 35-acre property zoned light industrial since 1980, bordered by residential homes on two sides. Phase 1 (180,000 sq ft, 40 ft tall) began construction July 2025 targeting 2026 completion, starting at 8 MW and capping at 47 MW. Crane will fund all improvements to existing substations and installation of new lines — Forest Grove Light & Power Director Keith Hormann confirmed safeguards are in place to ensure local ratepayers won't experience rate hikes or be on the hook for power system upgrades. Phase 2 would add 363,000 sq ft at 75 feet tall, bringing the site to ~100 MW, but requires additional approvals. Neighbors raised concerns about noise and light pollution, traffic congestion, property values, and disruption to wetlands and migratory bird paths. Forest Grove City Council approved in October 2024. Air-based cooling limits water consumption to typical plumbing needs. The council vote was 5-0 (Councilor Uhing absent).", "sources": [ "https://hillsboronewstimes.com/2025/08/18/construction-boots-up-on-first-data-center-in-forest-grove/", "https://www.cranedc.com/data-centers/oregon-data-center" ], "data_source": "user_submission", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "environmental", "noise", "traffic", "property_values" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Crane Data Centers campus adjacent to residential homes", "community_outcome": "loss", "megawatts": 100, "opposition_groups": [ "Forest Grove neighbors (ad hoc)" ] }, { "id": "boone-nc-moratorium-2026-03-23", "jurisdiction": "Town of Boone", "state": "NC", "county": "Watauga County", "lat": 36.2168, "lng": -81.6746, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-23", "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "summary": "Boone Town, North Carolina, Council voted 5-0 to approve a one-year moratorium on data center and cryptocurrency mining development on March 23, 2026, cheered by a capacity crowd at town hall. The pause gives officials time to study environmental and economic impacts before developers arrive. Watauga County Commissioners agreed to hold a public hearing on a potential county-wide moratorium on April 21, which would extend restrictions beyond town limits to the entire county.", "sources": [ "https://www.wfdd.org/politics-government/2026-03-23/boone-approves-data-center-development-moratorium", "https://www.wunc.org/2026-03-23/boone-approves-data-center-development-moratorium", "https://www.northcarolinahealthnews.org/2026/03/25/nc-communities-push-back-ai-data-centers-project-delta-lawsuit/", "https://www.wataugademocrat.com/news/local/boone-discusses-moratorium-on-data-center-construction/article_d5389de8-1ba0-4827-9193-d49864d3a5f3.html", "https://mountaintrue.org/upper-new-riverkeeper-press-release/" ], "county_lean": "D", "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-24", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Pause data centers and crypto mining in Town of Boone pending regulations", "community_outcome": "win", "opposition_groups": [ "Upper New River Keeper Foundation", "MountainTrue" ], "opposition_website": "https://mountaintrue.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/MountainTrue", "opposition_twitter": "https://twitter.com/mtntrue" }, { "id": "washington-county-tn-moratorium-2026-03-23", "jurisdiction": "Washington County", "state": "TN", "county": "Washington County", "lat": 36.2974, "lng": -82.4943, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-23", "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "community_outcome": "win", "summary": "Washington County, Tennessee, Commission voted 13-2 on March 23, 2026 to enact a moratorium on data center construction, operation, and permitting — including cryptocurrency mines — through June 30, 2027. The moratorium, recommended by the Planning Commission and the county's Commerce, Industrial, Agriculture committee, cited concerns that data centers require power equivalent to thousands of homes and could strain local utilities and raise ratepayer costs.", "sources": [ "https://www.wjhl.com/news/local/washington-county-tn-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.wjhl.com/news/local/washington-county-commission-approves-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.supertalk929.com/2026/03/24/washington-county-tn-approves-1-year-moratorium-on-data-centers/" ], "county_lean": "R", "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Impose moratorium on data centers and crypto mining in Washington County through June 2027", "opposition_groups": [ "Washington County Planning Commission" ] }, { "id": "prince-william-county-va-2024-01-12", "jurisdiction": "Prince William County", "state": "VA", "county": null, "lat": 38.6581, "lng": -77.2819, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2024-01-12", "status": "defeated", "company": "QTS Realty Trust / Compass", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "PW Digital Gateway", "investment_million_usd": 24700, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition to Protect Prince William County", "American Battlefield Trust" ], "opposition_website": "https://protectpwc.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Circuit Court Judge Kimberly Irving voided the December 2023 rezoning of 2,133 acres for the Prince William Digital Gateway — a multi-gigawatt data center hub by QTS Realty Trust and Compass near Manassas National Battlefield Park. The Virginia Court of Appeals on March 31, 2026, unanimously upheld the lower court ruling against the rezoning, finding that the Board's advertising for the December 2023 public hearing violated Virginia Code § 15.2-2204(A) and county zoning ordinance, rendering rezonings void ab initio. The three-judge panel (Raphael, Beales, Bernhard) ruled in favor of the Oak Valley HOA and American Battlefield Trust. It remains unclear whether the county or developers Compass/QTS will appeal to the Virginia Supreme Court. The Coalition to Protect Prince William County is pressing the BOCS to withdraw from the lawsuit. The Board of Supervisors withdrew its appeal on April 15, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.beankinney.com/data-center-infrastructure-under-siege-lessons-from-virginias-digital-gateway-decision/", "https://www.princewilliamtimes.com/news/breaking-judge-overturns-prince-william-digital-gateway/article_951d6362-1bbd-416f-89c5-ff322bf49fa8.html", "https://www.insidenova.com/news/prince_william/update-second-ruling-voids-digital-gateway-data-center-project-in-prince-william/article_846b8581-c99e-4f00-bb67-512c78952773.html", "https://protectpwc.org/2026/04/01/digital-gateway-lawsuit-appellate-court-decision-033126/", "http://virginiabusiness.com/virginia-appeals-court-upholds-block-on-prince-william-digital-gateway-project/", "https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/prince-william-digital-gateway-project-halted-by-virginia-court-of-appeals/4084112/", "https://www.constructionowners.com/news/court-halts-digital-gateway-construction-in-virginia", "https://protectpwc.org/2026/04/01/pwc-bocs-withdraw-from-the-digital-gateway-lawsuit/", "https://wtop.com/prince-william-county/2025/11/digital-gateway-data-center-builders-barred-from-beginning-construction-until-legal-challenge-plays-out/", "https://www.princewilliamtimes.com/localnews/supervisors-vote-to-spend-another-400k-to-defend-the-pw-digital-gateway/article_79abd8cb-bf32-5c46-8a7d-ba39bb676c57.html", "https://www.pecva.org/resources/press/pec-statement-on-prince-william-digital-gateway-latest-legal-win/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency", "zoning", "noise", "property_values", "traffic", "water", "air_quality", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Void 2023 Digital Gateway rezoning of 2,133 acres in Prince William County", "community_outcome": "win", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Amazon/AWS': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "crown-point-northwest-indiana-in-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Crown Point (Northwest Indiana)", "state": "IN", "county": null, "lat": 41.417, "lng": -87.3653, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "active", "company": "Amazon/AWS", "hyperscaler": "Amazon/AWS", "project_name": "Northwest Indiana Data Centers", "investment_million_usd": 15000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "No Data Centers Hobart Indiana" ], "opposition_website": "https://hobartdatacenters.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/hobartnodatacenters", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-developments-in-northwest-indiana", "petition_signatures": 582, "summary": "Northwest Indiana is at the center of Indiana's data center boom with multiple major projects: Amazon Web Services has announced a record $15B investment in NW Indiana data centers — the largest private sector investment in state history — with construction beginning 2026 (locations not yet confirmed but to be selected soon). Microsoft will create up to 200 jobs by end of 2032 in La Porte with a $1B data center investment. Milwaukee-based Phoenix Investors plans an $832M data center at the former Federal Mogul windshield wiper factory in Michigan City — the first NW Indiana data center to repurpose existing industrial buildings. Crown Point and surrounding NW Indiana communities have seen residents pack council chambers and planning meetings raising concerns about water, energy demand, noise, and environmental impacts.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/stop-data-center-developments-in-northwest-indiana", "https://www.govtech.com/products/residents-push-indiana-community-toward-halt-on-data-centers" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "Oppose cumulative data center buildout across Northwest Indiana communities", "community_outcome": "pending", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "this entry covers broader Northwest Indiana scouting/buildout (including Hobart and surrounding communities), not a Crown-Point-specific project", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "plymouth-township-pa-2025-11-17", "jurisdiction": "Plymouth Township", "state": "PA", "county": null, "lat": 40.112, "lng": -75.2967, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2025-11-17", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Brian O'Neill Properties", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 66, "building_sq_ft": 2000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "No Conshy Data Centers", "Delaware Riverkeeper Network" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/no-conshy-or-plymouth-data-centers", "petition_signatures": 1198, "summary": "Developer Brian O'Neill sought a zoning exception to convert the shuttered 66-acre Cleveland-Cliffs steel mill near Conshohocken into a 2M sq ft, 10-building AI data center in Plymouth Township, Pennsylvania,. Over 1,000 people signed an online petition citing noise, air pollution, water usage, and electricity cost concerns. The application was withdrawn during a packed zoning hearing after Cleveland-Cliffs' attorney revealed the prospective buyer lacked legal standing because an agreement of sale had not been finalized.", "sources": [ "https://whyy.org/articles/conshohocken-pennsylvania-residents-pushback-data-center-proposal/", "https://morethanthecurve.com/oneill-withdraws-zoning-application-for-proposed-data-center-in-conshohocken-during-zoning-hearing-in-plymouth-township/" ], "data_source": "dcw", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "ratepayer", "water", "zoning", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "developer", "objective": "Block conversion of Cleveland-Cliffs steel mill into 2M sq ft AI data center in Plymouth Township", "community_outcome": "win", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D" }, { "id": "lacy-lakeview-waco-area-tx-2025-12-03", "jurisdiction": "Lacy Lakeview (Waco area)", "state": "TX", "county": null, "lat": 31.6364, "lng": -97.1019, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-03", "status": "active", "company": "Infrakey", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 10000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 520, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop the Data Center on Taylor Lane" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/stopthedatacenteron.taylorlane/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-infrakey-data-center-from-building-in-lacy-lakeview", "petition_signatures": 3655, "summary": "Infrakey proposed a $10 billion data center on 520 acres of farmland near Lacy Lakeview in the Waco, Texas area. The 'Stop the Data Center on Taylor Lane' group circulated petitions gathering 3,000+ signatures and organized regular strategy meetings attended by state legislators. Despite a 6-1 city council vote for a nonbinding agreement, annexation has not been approved. Concerns center on water use, air pollution from gas-fired plants, and noise. The outcome is pending.", "sources": [ "https://www.kwtx.com/2025/12/03/residents-oppose-proposed-10-billion-data-center-near-elm-mott/", "https://wacobridge.org/2025/12/05/lacy-lakeview-data-center-annexation/", "https://www.governing.com/infrastructure/texas-towns-push-back-on-data-center-expansion", "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/02/13/texas-data-centers-local-governments-power/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "farmland", "noise", "tax_incentive", "water", "zoning", "property_values", "transparency", "ratepayer", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Stop Infrakey's $10B data center and block Lacy Lakeview annexation of 520-acre site near Waco", "community_outcome": "pending", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R" }, { "id": "oklahoma-statewide-ok-2026-02-01", "jurisdiction": "Oklahoma (statewide)", "state": "OK", "county": null, "lat": 35.4676, "lng": -97.5164, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "dead", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SB 1488", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "SB 1488, introduced by Sen. Kendal Sacchieri (R-Blanchard), would establish a moratorium on new data centers in Oklahoma until November 2029 while the Corporation Commission studies impacts on aquifer water supply, utility rates, property values, and siting. The study would cost $300K-$400K for an outside consultant. The bill has bipartisan support but missed key legislative deadlines and is unlikely to advance this session. Sacchieri said the goal is 'not to halt progress, but to ensure that progress does not come at the expense of Oklahomans' quality of life.' VERIFIED 2026-05-26: SB 1488 (moratorium until Nov 2029) missed legislative deadlines and did not advance; only HB 2992 survived among OK data center bills.", "sources": [ "https://goodjobsfirst.org/data-center-moratorium-bills-are-spreading-in-2026/", "https://www.oksenate.gov/press-releases/senator-sacchieri-files-legislation-address-unknown-impacts-data-centers-oklahoma?back=/press-releases/2026-01", { "url": "https://www.okenergytoday.com/2026/04/data-center-bill-awaits-state-senate-vote/", "title": "OK data center bill awaits Senate vote" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "ratepayer", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Establish statewide data center moratorium in Oklahoma until November 2029 pending impact study", "community_outcome": "loss", "scope": "statewide" }, { "id": "new-york-statewide-moratorium-bill-ny-2026-02-06", "jurisdiction": "New York (statewide moratorium bill)", "state": "NY", "county": null, "lat": 42.6526, "lng": -73.7562, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-06", "status": "passed legislature, awaiting governor signature", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Food & Water Watch" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "State Senators Krueger and Gonzalez introduced a three-year moratorium on permits for data centers capable of using 20+ MW (S9144/A10141). Would require DEC and PSC to adopt rules minimizing utility rate impacts. Exempts public 'Empire AI' research initiative. Bill remains in committee with no floor vote scheduled as of April 2026. UPDATE 2026-04-21: Still in Senate Environmental Conservation Committee. Danby, NY Town Board passed a resolution April 7, 2026 formally supporting the bill. [Validation 2026-06-18: status updated to 'passed legislature, awaiting governor signature' per https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/nys-legislature-passes-data-center-moratorium.]", "sources": [ "https://techcrunch.com/2026/02/07/new-york-lawmakers-propose-a-three-year-pause-on-new-data-centers/", "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/02/06/ny-legislators-introduce-strongest-data-center-moratorium-bill-in-the-country/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "zoning", "ratepayer", "water", "air_quality", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Enact three-year statewide data center permitting moratorium via S.9144 in New York", "community_outcome": "pending", "scope": "statewide" }, { "id": "baltimore-city-md-moratorium-2026-03-23", "jurisdiction": "Baltimore City", "state": "MD", "county": null, "lat": 39.2904, "lng": -76.6122, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-23", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Nature Forward", "Gunpowder Riverkeeper" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Baltimore City Council President Zeke Cohen introduced a one-year moratorium on data centers with 10MW+ electrical demand on March 23, 2026. The legislation would classify such facilities as a prohibited zoning use citywide for one year. Cohen cited surging BGE bills and an affordability crisis, arguing data center infrastructure is disproportionately concentrated in majority-Black neighborhoods. Baltimore County had already approved a separate moratorium. As of April 2026, the bill remains before the council awaiting committee hearings.", "sources": [ "https://www.cbsnews.com/baltimore/news/baltimore-city-data-center-bill-energy-moratorium/", "https://www.baltimoresun.com/2026/03/23/data-center-moratorium/", "https://baltimorebrew.com/2026/03/24/trying-to-get-in-front-of-an-issue-thats-dogged-him-cohen-calls-for-a-one-year-ban-on-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "ratepayer", "zoning", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Impose one-year moratorium on 10MW+ data centers as prohibited zoning use in Baltimore City", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Council President Zeke Cohen" ], "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D" }, { "id": "yorkville-il-project-steel-2026-03-24", "jurisdiction": "Yorkville", "state": "IL", "county": "Kendall County", "lat": 41.6411, "lng": -88.4473, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-24", "status": "approved", "company": "Prologis", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Steel", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 540, "building_sq_ft": 6800000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 42400, "jobs_promised": 500, "opposition_groups": [ "Block Project Steel and Project Cardinal" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Yorkville, Illinois, City Council approved annexation, rezoning, and PUD for the 540-acre Project Steel data center campus by Prologis on March 24, after a 4+ hour meeting with significant resident opposition. The project includes 16 two-story buildings totaling 6.8M sq ft. Developer is paying $40M upfront ($30M to Yorkville School District 115). Air-cooled system using 25,000-42,400 gallons/day with 100-foot landscaped buffers. Residents quoted saying 'nobody wants to live in data center row.'", "sources": [ "https://www.shawlocal.com/kendall-county-now/2026/03/26/nobody-wants-to-live-in-data-center-row-residents-speak-out-after-yorkville-approves-540-acre-data-center/", "https://www.shawlocal.com/kendall-county-now/2026/03/23/yorkville-could-approve-2-more-data-center-projects-including-540-acre-project-steel/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/two-data-center-campuses-totaling-38-buildings-proposed-in-yorkville-illinois/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "design_standards", "tax_incentive", "water", "zoning", "noise", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Block Prologis' 540-acre, 16-building Project Steel data center campus in Yorkville (approved after 4-hour opposition)", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R" }, { "id": "genesee-county-alabama-ny-2026-03-20", "jurisdiction": "Town of Alabama (Genesee County)", "state": "NY", "county": "Genesee County", "lat": 43.0967, "lng": -78.3947, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "other_opposition" ], "date": "2026-05-04", "status": "delayed", "company": "STREAM US Data Centers / Apollo Global Management", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Double Reed (STAMP)", "investment_million_usd": 19460, "megawatts": 500, "acreage": 130, "building_sq_ft": 2200000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 125, "opposition_groups": [ "Tonawanda Seneca Nation" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.wnyea.org/rethink-stamp.html", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Town of Alabama Planning Board postponed its scheduled April 20 public hearing on the site plan for STREAM US Data Centers' proposed 2.2 million sq ft, three-building data center campus at the Western New York Science & Technology Advanced Manufacturing Park (STAMP). The postponement was announced April 15, 2026 due to \"the inability of the Town's independent sound consultants to complete their peer review of the applicant's sound study.\" The hearing was rescheduled to May 4 at the Alabama Fire Hall. The project, nicknamed \"Project Double Reed\" ($19.46B, 500MW), faces strong opposition from the Tonawanda Seneca Nation, Sierra Club, and Allies of Tonawanda Seneca Nation. Companion April 16 GCEDC supplemental public hearing on $1.5B+ in tax incentives drew strong opposition.", "sources": [ "https://www.thedailynewsonline.com/news/alabama-planning-board-postpones-april-20-data-center-hearing/article_58990c26-64dd-477c-90c1-9d8b583d75cc.html", "https://www.thebatavian.com/press-release/alabama-planning-board-data-centers-project-hearing-set-for-may-4-at-fire-hall/647190", "https://orleanshub.com/community-sends-clear-message-that-data-center-not-wanted-at-stamp-site/", "https://investigativepost.org/2026/03/31/hochul-noncommittal-data-center-genesee-wny/", "https://truthout.org/articles/new-york-residents-are-fighting-a-data-center-backed-by-a-billionaire-trump-ally/", "https://investigativepost.org/2026/02/04/data-center-subsidies-of-6-4-million-per-job/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "property_values", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Block Stream Data Centers' 500MW, 2.2M sq ft data center at WNY STAMP park with $1.46B in tax breaks in Town of Alabama", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R" }, { "id": "monroe-township-adams-county-oh-2026-03-09", "jurisdiction": "Monroe Township (Adams County)", "state": "OH", "county": "Adams County", "lat": 38.8048, "lng": -83.4441, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-09", "status": "passed", "company": "Aligned Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1300, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Adams County for Responsible Development", "Food & Water Watch" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Monroe Township, Ohio, trustees unanimously passed a 12-month moratorium on new proposals and development of data centers and small modular nuclear reactors. Monroe Township is the second locality in Adams County to pass a data center moratorium, alongside Sprigg Township. Trustees also established a zoning commission to regulate development in the 27-square-mile jurisdiction. Part of broader Adams County opposition to a proposed massive data center near the former Stuart power plant. Meta not confirmed; developer under NDA. The Hunterbrook 'Meta Ohio' article refers to Piqua/Mount Orab, not this Adams County project.", "sources": [ "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/03/09/monroe-township-oh-unanimously-passes-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/i-team/adams-county-data-center-gets-federal-permit-as-voters-sign-petitions-to-block-it", "https://wysu.org/ohio-news/2026-03-26/proposed-amendment-to-ban-huge-data-centers-in-ohio-can-move-to-next-step" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning", "water", "ratepayer", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Impose 12-month moratorium on data centers and small modular nuclear reactors in Monroe Township", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R" }, { "id": "rowan-county-nc-2026-03-17", "jurisdiction": "Rowan County", "state": "NC", "county": "Rowan County", "lat": 35.638, "lng": -80.5242, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-17", "status": "active", "company": "Edged (Endeavour subsidiary)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 400, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Rowan County Residents Against Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 5199, "summary": "Residents are pushing back against a data center after commissioners quietly rezoned nearly 400 acres of former Carlton Farms farmland on Long Ferry Road in October 2025. The land was sold for $174M to EDC Charlotte LLC (linked to Edged, a subsidiary of Connecticut-based Endeavour). An online petition gathered more than 5,000 signatures. Residents raised $1,200 via GoFundMe to pressure commissioners. At a March 25 Duke Energy hearing at the Rowan County, North Carolina, Courthouse, residents railed against having to fund grid infrastructure for data centers they object to. The effort is ongoing. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'mixed' per https://www.salisburypost.com/2026/04/21/roco-passes-data-center-moratorium-over-100-residents-express-data-center-opposition/.]", "sources": [ "https://www.salisburypost.com/2026/03/17/online-petition-draws-ire-over-long-ferry-road-industrial-site/", "https://www.wfae.org/energy-environment/2026-03-25/nobody-wants-it-here-rowan-county-residents-rail-against-data-centers-at-duke-energy-hearing", "https://www.wcnc.com/article/news/local/rowan-county-residents-demand-transparency-from-officials-regarding-potential-data-center/275-d2d17d17-dd74-4737-b08b-1c9104561624" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "issue_category": [ "farmland", "ratepayer", "transparency", "zoning", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Challenge quiet rezoning of 400 acres of Carlton Farms farmland for data center in Rowan County", "community_outcome": "mixed", "sponsors": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R" }, { "id": "pennsylvania-hb-1834-pa-2026-03-24", "jurisdiction": "Pennsylvania (statewide HB 1834)", "state": "PA", "county": null, "lat": 40.2732, "lng": -76.8867, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-24", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Pennsylvania Environmental Council" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Pennsylvania's first-ever data center regulatory framework (HB 1834) passed the House 104-95 on March 24, 2026. On April 14, 2026, the House passed TWO additional data center oversight bills: one requiring annual reporting from data center operators and one creating a model zoning template for municipalities. HB 1834 requires data centers to cover full grid upgrade costs, mandates clean energy sourcing starting 2028, and establishes transparency requirements. All three bills now head to the Senate. UPDATE 2026-04-21: Still pending in Senate Consumer Protection & Professional Licensure Committee.", "sources": [ "https://www.cityandstatepa.com/policy/2026/03/pa-house-lawmakers-approve-data-center-regulation-bill/412346/", "https://www.wesa.fm/politics-government/2026-04-13/data-centers-pennsylvania-law" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Pass Pennsylvania's first data center regulatory framework via HB 1834 (104-95) prohibiting ratepayer cost-shifting", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "PA House Democrats" ], "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null }, { "id": "chesterfield-county-va-2026-03-09", "jurisdiction": "Chesterfield County", "state": "VA", "county": "Chesterfield County", "lat": 37.3777, "lng": -77.506, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-09", "status": "active", "company": "WestDulles", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 430, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.pecva.org/datacenters", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "WestDulles is appealing a determination that its proposed 430-acre data center complex near Chester requires a Conditional Use Permit under Chesterfield County's new zoning ordinance that took effect January 1, 2026. The new ordinance changed data centers from a by-right use to conditional use in industrially zoned land. The developer argues the project should be grandfathered under the previous ordinance. This case tests whether Virginia localities can retroactively restrict data center development through zoning changes. A Board of Zoning Appeals hearing is scheduled for May 2026.", "sources": [ "https://richmondbizsense.com/2026/03/09/developer-appealing-permit-requirement-for-data-center-project-in-chesterfield/", "https://richmondbizsense.com/2025/07/16/new-chesterfield-zoning-ordinance-endorsed-by-planning-commission/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/westdulles-properties-files-for-3-million-sq-ft-data-center-park-outside-richmond-virginia/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Require conditional use permit for WestDulles' 430-acre data center in Chesterfield County", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": null, "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R" }, { "id": "boulder-city-nv-ballot-2026-11", "jurisdiction": "Boulder City", "state": "NV", "county": "Clark County", "lat": 35.9789, "lng": -114.8325, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-24", "status": "pending", "company": "Townsite Solar 2", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 88, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Boulder City Climate Action Group" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 2600, "summary": "Boulder City Council voted 3-1 on February 24, 2026 to refer 'Question 1' to the November 2026 ballot, asking voters whether to allow data center facilities in the Eldorado Valley Transfer Area. The proposed 170MW Townsite Solar 2 AI data center would occupy 88.5 acres and use 600,000+ gallons/day of wastewater effluent. On April 10, 2026, the developer postponed its land application after fierce pushback at its first public meeting on April 8. A Change.org petition opposing the project grew to 2,600+ signatures by mid-April 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.reviewjournal.com/news/environment/data-centers-will-be-on-the-ballot-in-this-southern-nevada-city-3727498/", "https://www.reviewjournal.com/news/environment/proposed-data-center-draws-ire-of-some-boulder-city-residents-3734901/", "https://www.bouldercity.com/election-2026-will-boulder-city-voters-permit-data-centers/", "https://news.ballotpedia.org/2026/03/24/voters-in-at-least-five-jurisdictions-will-decide-ballot-measures-related-to-data-centers-this-year/", "https://www.fox5vegas.com/2026/04/02/boulder-city-residents-oppose-proposed-data-center/", "https://www.fox5vegas.com/2026/04/08/boulder-city-residents-push-back-proposed-ai-data-center-developers-first-public-meeting/", "https://www.fox5vegas.com/2026/04/10/developers-proposed-boulder-city-ai-data-center-postpone-application/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "voters", "objective": "Require voter approval before data centers can be built in Eldorado Valley Transfer Area", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": null, "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Confirmed. Independently verified the evidence_url (reviewjournal.com, Apr 7 2026): it states the petition \"had garnered 2,100 signatures... as of Tuesday evening\" — NOT 2,600. The stored petition_sig", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "watauga-county-nc-moratorium-2026-03-24", "jurisdiction": "Watauga County", "state": "NC", "county": "Watauga County", "lat": 36.2326, "lng": -81.6924, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-24", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "MountainTrue", "Watauga Riverkeeper", "Upper New River Riverkeeper" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Watauga County, North Carolina, Commissioners unanimously voted on March 24, 2026 to schedule a public hearing on April 21 for a potential county-wide data center moratorium. This follows the Town of Boone's unanimous one-year moratorium passed the same week. Commissioners cited concerns about water consumption (large data centers use 1.5 million gallons/day), stormwater runoff, noise pollution, light pollution, and the loss of green space. The moratorium would give the county one year to develop comprehensive regulations with environmental partners.", "sources": [ "https://www.wataugademocrat.com/news/local/commissioners-move-toward-data-center-moratorium/article_d6f97008-ebf5-4ac5-ab70-43746bb9e4a0.html", "https://wataugaonline.com/boone-town-council-passes-one-year-data-center-moratorium-5-0-watauga-county-commissioners-move-toward-county-wide-restrictions/", "https://www.wfae.org/2026-03-23/boone-approves-data-center-development-moratorium" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "noise", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "County-wide moratorium on data centers in Watauga County pending regulations", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "archbald-provident-denial-pa-2026-03-27", "jurisdiction": "Archbald Borough", "state": "PA", "county": "Lackawanna County", "lat": 41.4945, "lng": -75.5371, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-27", "status": "defeated", "company": "Provident Realty Advisors", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Scott", "investment_million_usd": 2100, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 400, "building_sq_ft": 13400000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Archbald Data Centers" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Council voted down Provident Realty Advisors' application to build a giant data center after months of growing outcry. About 200 residents showed up wearing yellow shirts. Archbald (pop. 7,500) faces proposals for 6 data center campuses covering 14% of the town, with 51 buildings totaling 13.4 million sq ft. The proposals would evict a trailer park. Council denied the application on a 5-0 vote.", "sources": [ "https://www.desmog.com/2026/03/31/archbald-pennsylvania-residents-vote-no-data-center-provident-realty-advisors/", "https://www.spotlightpa.org/news/2026/03/pennsylvania-data-centers-archbald-ai-evictions-environment/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "noise", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Deny conditional use permit for 18-building data center campus in Archbald", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "apple-valley-mn-denial-2026-03-18", "jurisdiction": "Apple Valley", "state": "MN", "county": "Dakota County", "lat": 44.7319, "lng": -93.2174, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-18", "status": "defeated", "company": "Oppidan Investment Company / Rockport LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Apple Valley Technology Park", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 357, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition for Responsible Data Center Development", "Apple Valley Eco Advocates" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Apple Valley, Minnesota, Planning Commission recommended denial on March 18, 2026 of three key components of the Apple Valley Technology Park data center project: the Preliminary Plat, Site Plan and Building Permit Authorization, and the Conditional Use Permit. The Commission cited concerns about water and sewer infrastructure impacts and the proposal running counter to the city's 2040 Comprehensive Plan. Rockport LLC had previously withdrawn its rezoning request, and on January 22, 2026, the City Council formally denied the Comprehensive Guide Plan Amendments. The City Council was expected to take final action on March 26, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.limitless-news.com/local/apple-valley-technology-park-update", "https://www.hometownsource.com/sun_thisweek/community/apple_valley/land-use-change-for-data-center-denied-in-apple-valley/article_d8ed4b90-5341-4544-87a1-08417f5b9d57.html" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Deny data center zoning and permits that conflict with Apple Valley 2040 Comprehensive Plan", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "fayetteville-ga-withdrawal-2026-03-18", "jurisdiction": "City of Fayetteville", "state": "GA", "county": "Fayette County", "lat": 33.4487, "lng": -84.455, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2026-03-18", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Crow Holdings Development / CHI Acquisitions LP", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 37.4, "building_sq_ft": 300000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Fayetteville Freedom for All" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Crow Holdings Development and CHI Acquisitions LP officially withdrew their appeal on March 18, 2026 to build a 300,000 sq ft data center on 37.4 acres on Highway 85 North near Fayette Pavilion. The Fayetteville Planning & Zoning Commission had denied the project in January 2026. The City of Fayetteville, Georgia, also enacted changes to the Unified Development Ordinance on March 5, 2026 to prohibit data centers entirely, making the withdrawal a community victory described as \"the power of the people.\"", "sources": [ "https://thecitizen.com/2026/03/19/data-center-appeal-withdrawn-in-fayetteville-the-power-of-the-people/", "https://www.fox5atlanta.com/news/fayetteville-propose-data-center-withdrawn", "https://www.fayetteville-ga.gov/746/Data-Center-Discussion" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Block data center construction on Highway 85 in Fayetteville", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "festus-mo-crg-community-opposition-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "City of Festus", "state": "MO", "county": "Jefferson County", "lat": 38.2206, "lng": -90.3959, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-04-10", "status": "approved", "company": "CRG", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Cumulus", "investment_million_usd": 6000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 240, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 250, "opposition_groups": [ "Wake Up Jeffco", "No Data Center in Festus", "No Data Center Festus MO", "Wake Up JeffCo" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.nofestusdatacenter.org/", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/WakeUpJeffCo", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 1400, "summary": "After CRG withdrew its data center proposal from St. Charles, the Festus City Council unanimously annexed 240 acres and on March 31, 2026 approved the $6B CRG data center development agreement despite fierce opposition. On April 8, 2026, voters ousted ALL FOUR incumbent council members who supported the project. On April 10, 2026, Wake Up Jeffco and four residents filed a lawsuit against the city and CRG alleging Sunshine Law violations. On April 17, 2026, Councilwoman Staci Templeton (Ward 2) — who had voted against the deal — announced her resignation after five years on council, adding to the political fallout from the project. April 7, 2026: Festus voters ousted the incumbent council members who had backed the $6B CRG/Clayco hyperscale plan (360 acres off Hwy 67); turnout rose ~129%. A mayor-recall petition and an open-meetings lawsuit followed — a decisive electoral rebuke of the project.", "sources": [ "https://www.stlpr.org/government-politics-issues/2026-02-27/festus-leaders-next-step-approving-proposed-data-center", "https://www.stlpr.org/government-politics-issues/2025-11-13/developer-eyes-festus-site-new-data-center-development", "https://www.ksdk.com/article/news/politics/festus-residents-clash-over-data-center-proposal-at-city-council-meeting/63-c21a8c0d-169b-47ec-aa06-107395cdb6f7", "https://www.kcur.org/housing-development-section/2025-11-15/data-center-developer-missouri-festus-st-charles", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/developer-eyes-240-acre-data-center-campus-in-festus-missouri/", "https://www.stlpr.org/economy-business/2025-09-08/documents-link-secretive-st-charles-data-center-google", "https://www.kcur.org/housing-development-section/2025-09-08/google-missouri-data-center-st-charles", "https://www.myleaderpaper.com/news/festus-second-data-center-lawsuit-filed/article_576699c7-2a83-48e4-a3bd-824b9ae760d1.html", "https://www.stlpr.org/government-politics-issues/2026-03-31/festus-data-center-development-approval", "https://www.firstalert4.com/2026/03/31/festus-data-center-plans-move-forward-after-emotional-city-council-vote/", "https://www.ksdk.com/article/news/local/business-journal/festus-six-billion-dollar-data-center-crg-agreement-benefits/63-17639cf1-a110-4322-b7eb-679907668f5e", "https://spectrumlocalnews.com/mo/st-louis/news/2026/03/31/st-louis-festus-data-center-project-crg", "https://fox2now.com/news/missouri/festus-city-council-approves-data-center-plan/", "https://www.stlpr.org/government-politics-issues/2026-04-08/6b-data-center-festus-voters-oust-every-incumbent-council-member", "https://www.stlpr.org/government-politics-issues/2026-04-10/data-center-opposition-group-sues-city-festus-proposed-developer", "https://www.stlpr.org/government-politics-issues/2026-04-17/festus-council-member-steps-down-data-center-backlash", "https://www.kcur.org/politics-elections-and-government/2026-04-09/festus-missouri-data-center-election-city-council" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "tax_incentive", "transparency", "zoning", "contract_guarantees" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Block CRG $6B data center or force public vote on 10-year data center ban in Festus", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [], "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Google': no primary source explicitly names the tenant; developer remains in company field.", "added": "2026-06-17" }, { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRM. jobs_promised=250 is not supported by any working source. Independent corroboration consistently gives 150 permanent jobs: myleaderpaper.com coverage of the approved CRG development agreement", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "liberty-mo-metrobloks-2026-03-24", "jurisdiction": "City of Liberty", "state": "MO", "county": "Clay County", "lat": 39.2461, "lng": -94.4191, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-24", "status": "approved", "company": "Metrobloks", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1400, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": 568800, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 30, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop the AI Data Center in Independence (Facebook group)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Liberty City, Missouri, Council approved $1.4 billion in bonds and $202.7 million in tax abatements over 25 years for Metrobloks, an LA-based developer, to build three buildings totaling 568,800 sq ft on Old Hughes Road near Liberty Commerce Center. In exchange, Metrobloks will contribute $28 million over 25 years to the nonprofit Liberty Institute for Science and Ethics. The project promises 30 permanent jobs averaging $95,649/year. The bonds are purchased by Metrobloks, not backed by the city. The deal echoes the contentious tax break pattern in nearby Independence, where residents were blocked from a referendum vote on similar data center incentives.", "sources": [ "https://www.kcur.org/housing-development-section/2026-03-24/liberty-missouri-ai-data-center-tax-breaks", "https://fox4kc.com/news/new-1-4-billion-ai-data-center-heading-to-liberty-missouri/", "https://www.kshb.com/news/local-news/liberty-officials-approve-1-4-billion-in-bonds-and-tax-abatements-for-new-metrobloks-data-center" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "contract_guarantees", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Scrutinize $202M in data center tax abatements approved in Liberty without public referendum", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "port-washington-wi-ballot-2026-04-07", "jurisdiction": "City of Port Washington", "state": "WI", "county": "Ozaukee County", "lat": 43.3867, "lng": -87.8754, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-04-07", "status": "passed", "company": "Vantage Data Centers / OpenAI / Oracle", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 15000, "megawatts": 902, "acreage": 670, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Great Lakes Neighbors United" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 1000, "summary": "On April 7, 2026, Port Washington voters passed the nation's first anti-data center referendum with 66% of the vote (2,710 yes / 1,371 no, 50%+ turnout). Future Tax Incremental Districts (TIDs) with projected base values or costs exceeding $10 million now require voter approval. Great Lakes Neighbors United organized the referendum in response to the $15B Vantage/OpenAI/Oracle Stargate data center campus approved via TID #7. The referendum was placed on the ballot after the city council approved it in February 2026.", "sources": [ "https://news.ballotpedia.org/2026/02/19/voters-in-two-wisconsin-cities-to-decide-on-ballot-measures-related-to-data-center-development/", "https://www.wpr.org/news/port-washington-council-approves-tid", "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/pressrelease/mmac-stakeholders-file-suit-over-ballot-measure-in-port-washington/", "https://www.wpr.org/news/port-washington-referendum-concerns-data-center-project", "https://thehill.com/policy/technology/5822566-port-washington-data-center-vote/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "contract_guarantees", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "voters", "objective": "Require voter approval for future data center tax increment districts exceeding $10M", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "rowan-county-nc-duke-energy-hearing-2026-03-25", "jurisdiction": "Rowan County (Duke Energy hearing)", "state": "NC", "county": "Rowan County", "lat": 35.6367, "lng": -80.5245, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-25", "status": "active", "company": "Duke Energy / Edged (EDC Charlotte LLC)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 400, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop AI Data Center on Long Ferry Rd. (community group)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-ai-data-center-construction-on-long-ferry-rd", "petition_signatures": 6425, "summary": "At a North Carolina Utilities Commission public hearing on March 25, 2026 at the Rowan County Courthouse, residents railed against Duke Energy's plan to build new combustion turbines at the Buck Energy Complex on the Yadkin River, which they believe is being built to support AI data centers. Commissioners had quietly rezoned ~400 acres on Long Ferry Road (former Carlton Farms) in October 2025, and the property sold for $174 million to EDC Charlotte LLC (linked to Edged). More than 5,000 residents signed a petition voicing concerns about the project. The petition will be presented to County Commissioners on April 20. No data center has been formally proposed yet, but residents object to preemptive infrastructure changes.", "sources": [ "https://www.wfae.org/energy-environment/2026-03-25/nobody-wants-it-here-rowan-county-residents-rail-against-data-centers-at-duke-energy-hearing", "https://www.salisburypost.com/2026/03/28/rowan-residents-speak-out-against-buck-station-expansion-rate-hikes-long-ferry-data-center-at-utility-commission-public-hearing/", "https://www.salisburypost.com/2026/03/17/online-petition-draws-ire-over-long-ferry-road-industrial-site/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "farmland", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Block Duke Energy turbine expansion tied to data center development in Rowan County", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "pemberton-township-nj-2026-02-20", "jurisdiction": "Pemberton Township", "state": "NJ", "county": "Burlington County", "lat": 39.9712, "lng": -74.6832, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-20", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Pinelands Alliance" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Pemberton Township became the first municipality in New Jersey to outright ban data centers when it passed Ordinance 10-2026 on February 20, 2026, prohibiting the construction and operation of data centers throughout the township. Officials said they were motivated by the rapid warehouse development the town had already experienced and wanted to get ahead of potential data center proposals. The township is located in the New Jersey Pinelands, a federally protected ecological reserve. The ban has been cited as a model for other NJ communities; Green Township (Sussex County) and Phillipsburg (Warren County) are reportedly considering similar measures, and Monroe Township (Gloucester County) announced plans to remove data centers as a permitted use from its Hexa Redevelopment Plan.", "sources": [ "https://pinelandsalliance.org/data-center-victories-local-actions-drive-regional-change/", "https://snjtoday.com/sign-petition-ask-governor-for-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://www.pemberton-twp.com/government/minutes_ordinances/ordinances.php" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Ban data center construction and operation throughout Pemberton Township", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "huron-county-farmland-opposition-mi-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "Huron County", "state": "MI", "county": "Huron County", "lat": 43.8353, "lng": -83.0475, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-04", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Rural Michigan Defense Fund" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "A grassroots coalition of farmers and rural residents in Huron County, Michigan organized against potential data center and renewable energy developments on prime agricultural land as county officials weighed zoning amendments. The group formed after residents spoke at county meetings voicing concerns about data centers, solar farms, wind turbines, and battery storage facilities. The Huron County Planning Commission made a zoning amendment recommendation on February 4, 2026, with the County Board of Commissioners scheduled to review on February 24. Opponents linked data center opposition to food security and generational land stewardship, a narrative resonating strongly in Michigan's agricultural Thumb region.", "sources": [ "https://datacenterwatch.substack.com/p/briefing-02272026", "https://bridgemi.com/michigan-environment-watch/at-least-19-michigan-towns-pause-data-centers-no-one-knows-if-itll-work/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-03-28", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Preserve agricultural farmland from data center and energy facility development in Huron County", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "lawton-ok-zoning-ordinance-2026-02-24", "jurisdiction": "Lawton", "state": "OK", "county": "Comanche County", "lat": 34.6036, "lng": -98.3959, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-02-24", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 2, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Lawton City Council voted 5-3 on February 24, 2026 to approve a zoning ordinance amendment setting one of the most restrictive data center limits in the country: data centers with peak electrical demand of 2 megawatts or less are permitted by right in Industrial-1 (restricted manufacturing and warehouse) districts only, while anything larger requires City Council review and approval through two public hearings. The 2MW limit is the most restrictive threshold allowed under Oklahoma state statute. The ordinance applies only within Lawton city limits and does not extend to surrounding Comanche County. The vote came amid growing statewide concern about data center impacts on water, energy, and communities. The ordinance was approved. Correction: 2 MW figure is the zoning review threshold, not the project size. Boomtown Manufacturing LLC and 388-acre figure removed as not supported.", "sources": [ "https://www.kswo.com/2026/02/25/divided-city-council-passes-data-center-zoning-ordinance/", "https://www.lawtonok.gov/m/newsflash/home/detail/173", "https://www.southwestledger.news/news/temporary-bans-data-centers-proposed-12-states-lawton-imposed-limits" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Restrict data center development to 2MW by-right limit with council review for larger facilities", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "federal-hawley-warren-eia-letter-2026-03-26", "jurisdiction": "Federal (Warren-Hawley EIA Letter)", "state": "DC", "county": null, "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation" ], "date": "2026-03-26", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On March 26, 2026, Sens. Elizabeth Warren (D-MA) and Josh Hawley (R-MO) sent a bipartisan letter to EIA Administrator Tristan Abbey demanding mandatory annual reporting requirements for data centers and large energy consumers. On April 9, 2026, EIA formally responded and committed to establishing mandatory data center energy reporting - a major transparency win. The new reporting will cover hourly, annual, and peak power demand, electricity rates paid, grid upgrades required, cost-sharing arrangements, demand response participation, and breakdown of energy use by AI versus other workloads. This is a landmark bipartisan result on data center oversight.", "sources": [ "https://www.warren.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/warren-hawley-lead-bipartisan-push-for-mandatory-energy-use-reporting-requirements-for-data-centers", "https://techcrunch.com/2026/03/26/data-centers-get-ready-the-senate-wants-to-see-your-power-bills/", "https://www.theregister.com/2026/03/27/senators_datacenter_power_consumption/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "federal", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Mandate EIA annual energy reporting requirements for all US data centers", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-MA)", "Sen. Josh Hawley (R-MO)" ] }, { "id": "whitfield-county-dalton-ga-2025-03-11", "jurisdiction": "Whitfield County (Dalton)", "state": "GA", "county": "Whitfield County", "lat": 34.734, "lng": -84.972, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-03-11", "status": "approved", "company": "Core Scientific", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Dalton 4", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 195, "acreage": 173, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Whitfield County Board of Commissioners voted 3-2 to approve Core Scientific's request to rezone 173 acres on Old Tilton Road from general agriculture and rural residential to heavy manufacturing for a new AI data center (Dalton 4), which joins three existing Core Scientific facilities in Dalton totaling ~195MW. Over 100 residents packed the commission meeting to voice opposition, citing noise and health concerns, property value impacts, and loss of rural character. The tie-breaking vote by Chairman Jevin Jensen was greeted with loud and sustained jeers. Core Scientific agreed to a 30-foot vegetative buffer. The facility is expected to open by July 2026 and spends approximately $5 million per month on local electricity.", "sources": [ "https://daltoncitizen.com/2025/03/11/whitfield-county-commissioners-approve-rezoning-for-data-center-despite-opposition/", "https://newschannel9.com/news/local/ai-data-center-to-occupy-10-acres-in-dalton-residents-worry-about-noise-and-disruption", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/core-scientific-plans-new-ai-data-centers-in-dalton-georgia/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "noise", "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose Core Scientific data center rezoning in Whitfield County", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "CoreWeave is the tenant, not the hyperscaler — hyperscaler cleared", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "dorchester-county-sc-foia-lawsuit-2024-04", "jurisdiction": "Dorchester County (Google FOIA)", "state": "SC", "county": "Dorchester County", "lat": 33.173, "lng": -80.41, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2024-04-01", "status": "passed", "company": "Google", "hyperscaler": "Google", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 9000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 2679452, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Frank Heindel filed a FOIA lawsuit in April 2024 against Dorchester County, South Carolina, after the county redacted Google's projected water and sewer usage from public records, claiming trade secret protections. Google plans two data center campuses in Dorchester County (Pine Hill Business Campus in Ridgeville and Winding Woods Commerce Park in St. George), part of a $9 billion investment announced in October 2025. The lawsuit forced Dorchester County to release water usage data revealing one campus alone could use 978.2 million gallons annually. Google's existing Berkeley County facility already withdraws 853.8 million gallons per year. The case became a touchstone for data center transparency advocacy statewide.", "sources": [ "https://www.postandcourier.com/business/dorchester-google-data-center-foia-lawsuit-water-charleston/article_13536bb8-fe45-11ee-8e2c-ab63a46ae251.html", "https://abcnews4.com/news/local/new-google-data-centers-promise-jobs-but-raise-questions-about-water-usage-impact-dorchester-county-berkeley-county-weather-impacts-ai", "https://www.dorchestercountysc.gov/business/data-center-fact-sheet" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "water", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Force disclosure of Google data center water usage in Dorchester County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "south-carolina-s-902-sc-2026-02-10", "jurisdiction": "South Carolina (S 902 Data Center Siting Act)", "state": "SC", "county": null, "lat": 34.0, "lng": -81.035, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-02-10", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "South Carolina Senate Bill 902, the 'Data Center Siting Act,' introduced February 10, 2026, establishes a permitting framework requiring data centers to obtain a certificate from the Public Service Commission before operations. It categorizes data centers into tiers by electrical load (1+ MW threshold) with escalating review requirements. Applicants must submit plans addressing infrastructure adequacy, environmental impact, water and operational efficiency, noise and vibration mitigation, and decommissioning. Critically, it mandates that data centers cover their own energy costs and infrastructure, preventing ratepayer cost-shifting. Unlike companion bill S 867, S 902 does not create a new permitting office but grants the PSC direct authority. Pending in the Senate Judiciary Committee. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: Did not advance before South Carolina's regular session adjourned May 14, 2026 (carryover possible in the 2-year biennium). The SC Senate did pass budget provisos requiring annual data center water-use reporting ($10k/day penalty) and an economic-incentive moratorium.", "sources": [ "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/sess126_2025-2026/bills/902.htm", "https://www.scpolicycouncil.org/a_trio_of_data_center_bills_filed_in_the_senate" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "water", "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Establish PSC permitting framework for data centers in South Carolina", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "rapides-parish-applied-digital-la-2025-12", "jurisdiction": "Rapides Parish (Applied Digital / Project Lightning)", "state": "LA", "county": "Rapides Parish", "lat": 31.326, "lng": -92.518, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "active", "company": "Applied Digital", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Lightning", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 672, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 200, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Applied Digital Corporation, a Dallas-based data center developer, purchased a 672-acre parcel along Interstate 49 near Boyce in Rapides Parish for $26.9 million in December 2025. The site, designated 'Project Lightning,' was swiftly reclassified from agricultural to industrial, with its assessed value jumping from $257,350 to $25.3 million. The England District Subdistrict No. 4 was created in February 2026 to enable bond financing and tax incentives. Power arrangements with Cleco utility are substantially finalized. The prospective tenant remains undisclosed under NDA. The project promises 1,500 construction jobs and 200 permanent positions, but the secretive NDA-shielded development process and rapid land reclassification mirror patterns that have drawn opposition elsewhere in Louisiana.", "sources": [ "https://rapidesparishjournal.com/2026/03/30/louisianas-data-center-boom-reaches-new-heights-and-rapides-parish-is-positioned-to-compete/", "https://rapidesparishjournal.com/2026/03/25/construction-at-boyce-data-center-site-along-i-49/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "tax_incentive", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Monitor Applied Digital data center development in Rapides Parish", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "georgia-sine-die-legislative-failure-ga-2026-04-03", "jurisdiction": "Georgia (2026 Legislative Session Failure)", "state": "GA", "county": null, "lat": 33.749, "lng": -84.388, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-04-03", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The 2026 Georgia legislative session ended April 3 (sine die) without passing any data center regulation, moratorium, ratepayer protection, or tax incentive reform. HB 1012 (moratorium), SB 408, SB 410 (tax exemption reform), and a rate protection bill all died. The $3B/year data center tax exemption remains intact. Republican Senate leaders blocked a rate protection amendment by adjourning abruptly. Democrats plan to use this as an electoral issue in upcoming races.", "sources": [ "https://www.pressdemocrat.com/2026/04/03/election-2026-data-centers-georgia/", "https://thecurrentga.org/2026/04/03/georgia-lawmakers-failure-to-act-on-data-center-concerns-draws-community-ire/", "https://news.bloombergtax.com/daily-tax-report/data-center-break-survives-georgia-income-property-tax-push", "https://www.wrdw.com/2026/04/03/democrats-see-georgias-failure-curb-data-centers-an-electoral-gift/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Pass comprehensive data center regulation in Georgia", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "habersham-county-cornelia-ga-2025-12", "jurisdiction": "Habersham County (Cornelia / Big Red Apple)", "state": "GA", "county": "Habersham County", "lat": 34.511, "lng": -83.527, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Cook Communities", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Red Apple Innovation Corridor", "investment_million_usd": 300, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 284, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Big Red Apple Innovation Corridor, a proposed $300 million, 284-acre mixed-use development by Cook Communities at 1900 Level Grove Road in Cornelia, Habersham County, included a data center component alongside residential, commercial, and retail space. The project effectively died by 'death by silence' in December 2025 amid fierce local opposition over traffic congestion, school capacity strain (Habersham County Schools warned of overcrowded attendance zones and transportation disruptions), and a clerical error in the city's legal advertisements for the annexation. City officials later clarified data centers were not permitted under local ordinances and the city lacked infrastructure to support one. The project stalled due to combined community opposition, infrastructure deficiencies, and procedural missteps.", "sources": [ "https://accesswdun.com/news/data-center-284-acre-mixed-use-development-proposed-in-habersham-county", "https://nowgeorgia.com/cornelia-confronts-growth-governance-and-misinformation-in-its-proposed-annexation-in-cornelia/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning", "traffic" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose Big Red Apple data center development in Cornelia", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "project renamed from 'Big Red Apple' to 'Red Apple Innovation Corridor'. The data center component was speculative; the broader project collapsed following rejection of the annexation", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "savannah-river-site-aiken-sc-2025-07", "jurisdiction": "Savannah River Site (Federal AI Data Center)", "state": "SC", "county": "Aiken County", "lat": 33.335, "lng": -81.732, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-07-01", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "SRS AI Data Center Initiative", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 3103, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "DOE selected the Savannah River Site (SRS) in South Carolina as one of four federal sites (along with Idaho National Lab, Oak Ridge, and Paducah) to host new AI-ready data centers. NNSA identified 10 tracts totaling 3,103 acres at SRS for AI infrastructure projects. NNSA issued an RFP September 30, 2025, with proposals due December 5, 2025. An industry day in January 2026 attracted Microsoft, CoreWeave, Google, QTS, Meta, Digital Realty, Oracle, Crusoe, Arup, Pegasus Group, Submer, and Pure Storage. Construction was initially projected to start as early as late 2025, with completion targeted for end of 2027. SRS spans ~310 sq miles in Aiken, Allendale, and Barnwell counties, ~25 miles SE of Augusta, GA. Community concerns about transparency, environmental impacts, and federal preemption of local oversight.", "sources": [ "https://www.energy.gov/nnsa/articles/nnsa-seeks-proposals-ai-data-centers-energy-projects-savannah-river-site-0", "https://capitalbnews.org/data-center-south-carolina-black-community/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/microsoft-coreweave-google-qts-and-more-attend-doe-savannah-river-site-data-center-meeting/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-07", "scope": "federal", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "Oppose AI data center development on contaminated federal nuclear site", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "fort-worth-veale-ranch-edged-tx-2026-03-31", "jurisdiction": "Fort Worth (Veale Ranch)", "state": "TX", "county": "Tarrant County", "lat": 32.6547, "lng": -97.4648, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation" ], "date": "2026-03-31", "status": "delayed", "company": "Edged Data Centers (Endeavour subsidiary)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1100, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 186, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Fort Worth City Council unanimously voted on March 31, 2026 to delay a decision on a 10-year, 50% tax abatement worth ~$18.2 million for Edged Data Centers' proposed $1.1 billion data center at Veale Ranch (186 acres). Council member Michael Crain cited a need for 'more robust conversation' before moving forward. Residents raised concerns about the scope of the tax break and data center impacts. On April 13, 2026, the Fort Worth Zoning Commission approved the project's zoning change. The tax abatement vote has been rescheduled to May 12, 2026, the same meeting at which Black Mountain Power's southeast Fort Worth expansion is also on the agenda. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://www.aol.com/news/proposed-veale-ranch-data-center-172844656.html.]", "sources": [ "https://www.keranews.org/news/2026-04-01/enough-concern-today-1b-data-center-stalls-city-residents-raise-questions-about-tax-break", "https://therealdeal.com/texas/2026/04/02/fort-worth-delays-tax-incentives-for-1b-plus-data-center/", "https://www.cbsnews.com/texas/news/fort-worth-data-center-tax-abatement-delayed-after-community-opposition/", "https://fortworthreport.org/2026/03/31/enough-concern-today-1b-data-center-stalls-city-residents-raise-questions-about-tax-break/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "noise", "tax_incentive", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Delay and add conditions to Edged Data Centers tax abatement at Veale Ranch", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "round-rock-skybox-ninth-tx-2026-02-12", "jurisdiction": "Round Rock", "state": "TX", "county": "Williamson County", "lat": 30.5083, "lng": -97.6789, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-12", "status": "approved", "company": "Skybox Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 75, "acreage": 30, "building_sq_ft": 250000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Round Rock", "Public Citizen (Texas)", "Public Citizen Texas", "Round Rock residents" ], "opposition_website": "https://protectroundrock.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/say-no-to-the-skybox-data-center-and-substation-in-round-rock-tx", "petition_signatures": 3300, "summary": "Round Rock City Council approved Skybox Data Centers' rezoning request on February 12, 2026, making it the ninth data center approved in the city despite strong community resistance. Gary and Pamela Oldham founded the grassroots group Protect Round Rock, which gathered over 3,300 petition signatures voicing concerns about the 75-MW, ~250,000 sq ft facility on ~30 acres east of N. A.W. Grimes Boulevard. Hours of public comment raised concerns about water consumption during drought, ratepayer subsidies for grid expansion, low-frequency infrasound impacts on neurodivergent populations, and inadequate public notification (signs placed face-down on low-traffic streets). Eight data centers had already been approved before residents organized. Adrian Shelley of Public Citizen warned that existing noise ordinances would not cover infrasound from the facility.", "sources": [ "http://protectroundrock.org/", "https://communityimpact.com/austin/round-rock/development/2026/02/09/round-rock-officials-weigh-neighborhood-compatibility-for-skybox-data-center/", "https://communityimpact.com/austin/round-rock/government/2026/02/12/after-hours-of-public-debate-round-rock-council-approves-data-center-zoning/", "https://deceleration.news/round-rock-texas-approves-ninth-data-center-over-strong-community-resistance/", "https://protectroundrock.org", "https://www.change.org/p/say-no-to-the-skybox-data-center-and-substation-in-round-rock-tx", "https://www.citizen.org/news/community-ignored-as-another-data-center-is-approved-in-round-rock/", "https://www.kvue.com/article/news/local/round-rock-texas-residents-concern-proposed-data-center/269-d3305d5b-e19c-410d-895b-a027086b3140" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Stop Skybox from becoming Round Rock's ninth data center", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "pulaski-county-ar-organizing-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Pulaski County (Little Rock area)", "state": "AR", "county": "Pulaski County", "lat": 34.7465, "lng": -92.2896, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-14", "status": "active", "company": "AVAIO Digital / Google", "hyperscaler": "Google", "project_name": "Project Leo (AVAIO) / Port of Little Rock (Google)", "investment_million_usd": 7000, "megawatts": 150, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Coalition of Little Rock Neighborhoods", "Arkansas Grass Roots United" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Coalition of Little Rock Neighborhoods, led by activist Kathy Wells, held a community meeting on March 14, 2026 at the Willie L. Hinton Resource Center to organize against two massive data center projects in Pulaski County: AVAIO Digital's $6 billion 'Project Leo' campus near Wrightsville (already broke ground, with a 150 MW Entergy deal) and a $1 billion Google data center at the Port of Little Rock. About 15 attendees expressed frustration over lack of transparency from officials. State Rep. Denise Ennett acknowledged having 'many questions that have gone unanswered from city officials' and committed to forming a resident taskforce. Minister Junior Tellez questioned whether local communities would see any benefits, saying 'the only people who like these data centers are stockholders.' Organizers scheduled a late-March meeting with AVAIO Digital to address constituent concerns. ; AVAIO Digital is the cleaner primary attribution for Project Leo.)", "sources": [ "https://arktimes.com/arkansas-blog/2026/03/16/pulaski-county-residents-commit-to-organizing-against-data-centers", "https://arkansasadvocate.com/briefs/central-arkansas-to-get-6-billion-data-center/", "https://talkbusiness.net/2026/02/hyperscale-data-centers-come-to-arkansas/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "Organize community taskforce to demand transparency on Little Rock area data centers", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Google attribution is for Project Amaze (a separate possible-Google project", "added": "2026-04-21" } ] }, { "id": "wv-hb-4983-secrecy-rulemaking-2026-03-27", "jurisdiction": "West Virginia (HB 4983 secrecy rulemaking)", "state": "WV", "county": null, "lat": 38.3498, "lng": -81.6326, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-27", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "WV Rivers", "League of Women Voters of West Virginia", "West Virginia Highlands Conservancy", "Sierra Club" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Governor Patrick Morrisey signed HB 4983 on March 27, 2026, cementing rulemaking that deems confidential all petitions seeking certification of a high-impact data center and all letters of intent seeking certification of a microgrid district. The bill passed the House 78-16 and the Senate 28-6, despite opposition from environmental and transparency advocates including WV Rivers, League of Women Voters, and the Sierra Club. Seven Republicans joined all nine House Democrats in voting against it. The legislature voted down amendments that would have required developers to disclose water sources, usage projections, and community impact; another rejected amendment would have created 500-foot buffer zones and allowed residents within 10 miles to petition proposals. Critics call HB 4983 an extension of the controversial HB 2014 (Power Generation and Consumption Act) that stripped local governments of authority over data center siting. Large data centers can consume 3-5 million gallons of water per day, roughly 5-8% of West Virginia's total 2023 public water withdrawals.", "sources": [ "https://www.wvgazettemail.com/news/legislative_session/wv-house-passes-data-center-enticement-bill-that-would-keep-project-details-hidden/article_d93196ac-1291-4a25-8f34-629ca46f2604.html", "https://westvirginiawatch.com/2026/02/18/wv-house-passes-new-data-center-development-rules-without-local-control-water-protection-provisions/", "https://westvirginiawatch.com/2026/03/11/wv-senate-passes-data-center-rules-with-new-language-urging-developers-to-study-potential-water-use/", "https://wvrivers.org/2026/02/data-centers-hb4983/", "https://lwvwv.org/2026/02/08/make-some-noise-demand-transparency-for-data-centers-in-hb-4983/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Shield data center project details from public disclosure in West Virginia", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "wv-marl-transmission-line-2026-02", "jurisdiction": "West Virginia (MARL 500kV transmission line)", "state": "WV", "county": null, "lat": 39.5168, "lng": -79.8528, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-01", "status": "active", "company": "NextEra Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Mid-Atlantic Resiliency Link (MARL)", "investment_million_usd": 1100, "megawatts": 750, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "West Virginians Against Transmission Injustice (WATI)" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.wvatli.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "NextEra Energy proposed the Mid-Atlantic Resiliency Link (MARL), a 107.5-mile, 500-kilovolt transmission line running through Monongalia, Preston, Hampshire, and Mineral counties in West Virginia (with portions in Pennsylvania and Maryland) to deliver approximately 750 MW of power to Virginia's data center corridor. The $1.1 billion project's West Virginia portion costs ~$482 million. The grassroots group West Virginians Against Transmission Injustice (WATI) formed in early 2026 to challenge the line, hosting intervenor workshops (50+ attendees at Cheat Lake VFD) and coordinating over 4,000 formal protest letters to the WV Public Service Commission. WATI contends the line would 'destroy private property, including multi-generational farms, undermine West Virginia's growing tourism economy, and increase electric rates for decades.' House Democrats asked the PSC to reject the project, citing costs and eminent domain concerns. The PSC set a June 1 deadline for intervenor filings, with public meetings scheduled across the affected counties.", "sources": [ "https://wajr.com/2026/04/01/west-virginians-against-transmission-injustice-hosts-marl-intervenor-workshop-at-cheat-lake-vfd/", "https://wvmetronews.com/2026/04/02/morgantown-area-residents-learn-more-about-marl-project/", "https://www.dominionpost.com/2026/02/03/a-look-at-some-marl-details-and-some-opposition/", "https://www.wvva.com/2026/03/24/house-democrats-ask-psc-reject-nextera-transmission-project-cite-costs-eminent-domain-concerns/", "https://www.wvgazettemail.com/news/legislative_session/cost-concerns-loom-for-heavily-opposed-1-1b-transmission-line-project-seeking-psc-ok/article_d134723f-673c-4cc4-b659-acfab85c0a62.html" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-19", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Block NextEra's MARL transmission line through West Virginia serving Virginia data centers", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "wythe-county-va-solisarx-2026-03-31", "jurisdiction": "Wythe County", "state": "VA", "county": "Wythe County", "lat": 36.9487, "lng": -81.0848, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-31", "status": "active", "company": "SolisArx", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 2000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Nearly 100 Wythe County residents packed Fort Chiswell High School on March 31, 2026 for the first in a series of public input meetings on a major AI computing campus being developed by SolisArx at Progress Park, about 15 minutes from downtown Wytheville. Wythe County is one of very few Virginia counties without zoning, making it particularly vulnerable to unwanted developments. Residents voiced concerns about water consumption, noise, and the lack of regulatory oversight. County officials stated the data center would use approximately 2,000 gallons of water per day (0.13% of Progress Park's capacity) and would not impact local electricity bills. The meeting marked the first step toward establishing oversight over future development in the county. Additional public input meetings are planned at other Wythe County high schools, with the next expected in April 2026 in the Rural Retreat area. The broader Southwest Virginia region has seen a wave of data center proposals in Pulaski, Wythe, Botetourt, and Wise counties.", "sources": [ "https://www.wsls.com/news/local/2026/03/31/wythe-county-residents-voice-concerns-over-ai-data-center-at-first-public-input-meeting/", "https://www.wvtf.org/news/2026-02-03/data-center-projects-developing-in-pulaski-and-wythe-counties", "https://www.wsls.com/news/local/2026/03/20/four-data-center-bills-await-governors-signature-as-southwest-virginia-projects-spark-debate/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Establish zoning oversight for data center development in unzoned Wythe County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "phoenix-az-prop207-ordinance-challenge-2026", "jurisdiction": "Phoenix", "state": "AZ", "county": "Maricopa County", "lat": 33.4484, "lng": -112.074, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-03-26", "status": "active", "company": "Aligned Data Centers, West Buckeye Rd LP, and others", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In summer 2025, Phoenix City Council approved an ordinance restricting where new data centers can be built, Specifically limiting them near neighborhoods and sensitive areas. By March 2026, 11 landowners filed Proposition 207 claims against the city seeking a combined $753 million in compensation, arguing the zoning restrictions diminished their property values. Claimants include Aligned Data Centers ($75M), West Buckeye Rd LP ($54M, which filed a formal lawsuit in Maricopa County Superior Court), Dairy 51.8 LLC ($155.4M), Property Reserve Arizona LLC ($130.8M), and the Sheely Family ($112.8M). Phoenix has issued waivers to some claimants allowing projects to proceed rather than pay compensation. Proposition 207, approved by Arizona voters in 2006, requires local governments to compensate landowners when new zoning rules reduce property values. Flagstaff is also considering similar data center restrictions and may face comparable exposure.", "sources": [ "https://www.azfamily.com/2026/03/26/phoenix-faces-growing-legal-pressure-over-new-data-center-rules/", "https://www.abc15.com/news/business/phoenix-negotiates-with-developers-after-data-center-zoning-rules-trigger-claims" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge Phoenix data center zoning restrictions via Prop 207 compensation claims totaling $753M", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "california-ab-222-pue-reporting-2026", "jurisdiction": "California (statewide)", "state": "CA", "county": "Sacramento County", "lat": 38.5816, "lng": -121.4944, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-01-15", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "AB 222 - Data Center PUE Reporting & Cost Shifts", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "California Assembly Bill 222 would require data center operators to report energy consumption and efficiency metrics, including Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE), to the California Energy Commission. The bill also mandates disclosures of energy used for AI model training and operation, including the portion consumed within California. AB 222 passed the Assembly but was held in the Senate in the 2025 session and is expected to come up for reconsideration in 2026. Big Tech-backed organizations including the Data Center Coalition and Silicon Valley Leadership Group object to the reporting requirements, arguing they could reveal proprietary operational data and place California at a competitive disadvantage.", "sources": [ "https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/bills/ca_202520260ab222", "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB222", "https://www.bayareacouncil.org/21st-century-infrastructure/misguided-data-center-regulations-would-pull-the-plug-on-california-digital-competitiveness-hurt-businesses-and-consumers/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Mandate data center PUE and AI energy consumption reporting to California Energy Commission", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "idaho-hb-895-water-cooling-2026", "jurisdiction": "Idaho (statewide)", "state": "ID", "county": null, "lat": 43.6177, "lng": -116.1996, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-20", "status": "signed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "HB 895 - Data Center Water Cooling Restrictions", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Idaho House passed HB 895 (58-10) on March 20, requiring future data centers to design cooling systems for non-consumptive water use or use water from a municipal/water district system. The Senate Resources & Environment Committee endorsed it with a do-pass recommendation on March 26. Separately, a bipartisan bill to sunset data center tax exemptions and reform reporting requirements failed for the second consecutive year after Micron objected. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: HB 895 (closed-loop/non-consumptive cooling or municipal water for data centers) was signed into law (House 58-10 on March 20; Senate do-pass), effective July 1, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://capitalpress.com/2026/03/30/idaho-advances-bill-on-data-center-water-consumption/", "https://boisedev.com/news/2026/02/09/bipartisan-bill-would-limit-tax-exemptions-for-data-centers-add-new-requirements-for-water-power-usage/", { "url": "https://www.ktvb.com/article/news/local/208/idaho-law-sets-up-safeguard-data-centers-water-use/277-e4610e7e-fc86-4ebe-886e-0fff6bc9cfeb", "title": "Idaho law safeguards data center water use" } ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Prohibit consumptive water cooling for new Idaho data centers unless using municipal water systems", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "nm-project-jupiter-pipeline-rejection-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Dona Ana County (Project Jupiter pipeline)", "state": "NM", "county": "Dona Ana County", "lat": 31.8587, "lng": -106.6833, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-20", "status": "defeated", "company": "Energy Transfer / Transwestern Pipeline Company", "hyperscaler": "Oracle / OpenAI", "project_name": "Green Chile Project (gas pipeline for Project Jupiter)", "investment_million_usd": 60, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Jupiter Watch", "New Mexico Environmental Law Center", "New Mexico Water Advocates" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On March 20, 2026, New Mexico Commissioner of Public Lands Stephanie Garcia Richard denied Energy Transfer's application to build a segment of a 17-mile natural gas pipeline across state trust lands in Dona Ana County, determining it 'would not be in the best interest of the state's trust.' The $60 million 'Green Chile Project' would have piped 400,000 dekatherms of gas daily from El Paso to private power plants fueling the Stargate-linked Project Jupiter data center in Santa Teresa. Energy Transfer, through its subsidiary Transwestern Pipeline Company, had sought a right-of-way across state lands. The rejection is a major setback for Project Jupiter, which already faces two separate lawsuits challenging the county's $165 billion industrial revenue bond approvals, over 7,000 public comments voicing concerns about air quality permits, and growing community opposition over projected greenhouse gas emissions rivaling Albuquerque and Las Cruces combined. Energy Transfer has separately applied for federal approval to route the pipeline through Bureau of Land Management land.", "sources": [ "https://sourcenm.com/2026/03/31/nm-state-land-commissioner-rejects-application-for-gas-pipeline-to-power-project-jupiter-data-center/", "https://www.santafenewmexican.com/news/local_news/new-mexico-agency-rejects-project-jupiter-data-centers-applications-for-gas-pipeline-right-of-way/article_00f190f7-2328-4e2e-82c0-012651387638.html", "https://sourcenm.com/2026/03/04/texas-energy-company-seeks-federal-approval-for-pipeline-through-new-mexico-to-power-data-center/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "community_impact", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Block gas pipeline across state trust lands for Project Jupiter data center", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "nevada-interim-committee-dc-study-2026", "jurisdiction": "Nevada (statewide interim study)", "state": "NV", "county": null, "lat": 39.1638, "lng": -119.7674, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation" ], "date": "2026-03-25", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Nevada's interim legislative committees on natural resources and growth and infrastructure held joint hearings in March 2026 to study data center regulation ahead of the 2027 legislative session. Nevada's biennial legislature means 2027 is the only opportunity to pass statewide data center regulations. NV Energy's 2024 integrated resource plan shows that accommodating 12 proposed data centers would increase the state's energy load by nearly 50 percent, potentially preventing Nevada from meeting legally mandated clean energy goals by 2030. Advocates are urging lawmakers to establish a large-load tariff putting data centers into their own rate class to prevent costs from being passed to residential ratepayers. Industry representatives, utility heads, researchers, tribal leaders, and environmentalists all provided testimony. Community concerns center on water usage in the driest state in the nation and potential electricity rate increases.", "sources": [ "https://www.reviewjournal.com/news/politics-and-government/nevada/the-data-center-tsunami-has-flooded-nevada-are-lawmakers-too-late-to-regulate-3729604/", "https://www.2news.com/townnews/hydrography/lawmakers-discuss-data-centers-at-nevada-legislature/article_31a461fa-4a9e-40b1-a64e-dcfc84b300a8.html" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Study data center impacts for 2027 Nevada legislative session regulation", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "saline-county-ks-moratorium-2026-03-18", "jurisdiction": "Saline County", "state": "KS", "county": "Saline County", "lat": 38.7839, "lng": -97.6112, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-18", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Saline County Board of Commissioners voted 4-0 on March 18, 2026 to enact a three-year moratorium on data centers, nuclear power generation facilities, and hydrogen-based energy plants in unincorporated areas of the county. The pause is effective until March 1, 2029, designed to give the Planning and Zoning Commission time to research and draft comprehensive regulations. County Administrator Phillip Smith-Hanes noted the moratorium does not affect incorporated cities like Salina, where such facilities are more likely to locate due to utility infrastructure. Commissioners cited concerns over rural water usage, electrical grid capacity, and preservation of agricultural land. Some commissioners also wanted to delay action until after the next election so candidates can make it a campaign issue. Saline County joins Sedgwick and Harvey counties in placing moratoriums on data center construction in Kansas.", "sources": [ "https://www.ksn.com/news/kansas-county-puts-moratorium-on-data-centers-and-nuclear-hydrogen-plants/", "https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/kansas-county-puts-moratorium-data-230922244.html", "https://www.citizenjournal.us/saline-county-commission-summary-2/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Three-year pause on data centers, nuclear, and hydrogen facilities in unincorporated Saline County", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "plain-township-stark-county-oh-moratorium-2026-03-27", "jurisdiction": "Plain Township", "state": "OH", "county": "Stark County", "lat": 40.834, "lng": -81.361, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-27", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Plain Township trustees in Stark County, Ohio enacted a 12-month moratorium on data center construction on March 27, 2026, to assess potential impacts on health, safety, utilities, and infrastructure. The action was triggered by opposition to a competing data center project approved the same day in neighboring Perry Township, which included 670 temporary construction positions and a $2.75 million community payment. Plain Township joins a growing wave of Ohio communities enacting moratoriums, with at least 18 municipalities across the state having considered or passed similar measures by early 2026.", "sources": [ "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-march-30-2026/", "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-weekly-briefing-march-30-april-3-2026/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "noise", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "12-month pause on data center construction in Plain Township to study impacts", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "huron-county-mi-moratorium-expanded-2026-04-01", "jurisdiction": "Huron County", "state": "MI", "county": "Huron County", "lat": 43.8353, "lng": -83.0475, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-01", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Huron County, Michigan, Planning Commission voted unanimously on April 1, 2026 to expand its data center moratorium from six months to three years, following a public hearing where residents voiced opposition directly to planning commissioners. The extended pause gives the county time to develop regulatory standards while addressing community concerns about impacts on farmland, the environment, and economic livelihood. The moratorium now advances to the Huron County Board of Commissioners for final approval. Huron County is part of Michigan's rural Thumb region, where a grassroots coalition of farmers and rural residents had already organized against potential data center development on prime agricultural land.", "sources": [ "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-april-2-2026/", "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-weekly-briefing-march-30-april-3-2026/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "farmland", "water", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Expand data center moratorium from 6 months to 3 years to develop county regulations", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "manitowoc-county-wi-moratorium-2026-03-31", "jurisdiction": "Manitowoc County", "state": "WI", "county": "Manitowoc County", "lat": 44.0886, "lng": -87.6577, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-31", "status": "pending", "company": "Cloverleaf Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Manitowoc County Planning and Parks Commission unanimously approved a 1-year moratorium on data center permits on March 31, 2026, following petitions from Three Towns (Two Creeks, Two Rivers, Mishicot). Would prohibit accepting applications or issuing permits for data centers for 12 months. County board vote expected April 28. Motivated by Cloverleaf Infrastructure approaching property owners with land purchase offers.", "sources": [ "https://www.wpr.org/news/manitowoc-county-committee-recommends-moratorium-data-center-permitting", "https://www.seehafernews.com/2026/03/31/county-commission-passes-data-center-moratorium-now-moves-to-county-board/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "water", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "County-wide one-year moratorium on data center permits in Manitowoc County", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "gage-county-ne-review-2026-04-01", "jurisdiction": "Gage County", "state": "NE", "county": "Gage County", "lat": 40.2575, "lng": -96.6889, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-06-16", "status": "passed", "company": "Tenaska", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Gage County Board of Supervisors voted 7-0 on April 1, 2026 to send a data center regulatory review to the Planning and Zoning Commission, deliberately stopping short of declaring a formal moratorium. Board Chairman Eric Tiemann expressed concern that a moratorium would 'send the wrong message' about development. Supervisor Emily Haxby amended the motion to remove moratorium language, stating the county must 'find that balance' between new industry and existing residents. Data center operators have taken options on parcels throughout southeast Nebraska counties, with water use as the primary concern. A Tenaska representative reportedly discussed plans for a natural gas power plant to serve an industrial park that could include data centers in northeast Gage County. The Planning Commission's next meeting is April 23, 2026. [Update 2026-06-22: UPDATE to gage-county-ne-review-2026-04-01. After the April review that stopped short of a moratorium, the Gage County Planning and Zoning Commission on June 16 unanimously recommended an 18-month moratorium on data centers following a four-hour hearing in Beatrice; the courtroom erupted in applause. Over 100 residents attended, raising aquifer-strain,...]", "sources": [ "https://plattevalley.newschannelnebraska.com/story/224623313/gage-county-sends-data-center-review-to-planning-and-zoning-commission", "https://omaha.com/news/state-regional/article_b13398b8-f588-55d3-a273-c3abb4d496c6.html", { "url": "https://nebraskapublicmedia.org/en/news/news-articles/gage-county-planning-and-zoning-commission-approves-18-month-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "title": "Gage County Planning and Zoning Commission recommends 18-month moratorium - Nebraska Public Media" }, { "url": "https://www.1011now.com/2026/06/17/gage-county-planning-zoning-commissioners-approve-18-month-moratorium-data-centers/", "title": "Gage County planning and zoning commissioners approve 18-month moratorium - 1011 Now" } ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "water", "farmland", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Regulatory review of data center development in Gage County without formal moratorium", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "massillon-oh-zoning-review-2026-03-31", "jurisdiction": "Massillon", "state": "OH", "county": "Stark County", "lat": 40.7967, "lng": -81.5215, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-31", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Massillon, Ohio, City Council hired an outside attorney on March 31, 2026 to develop data center zoning recommendations as interest from data center developers grows across Stark County. The action comes as neighboring Plain Township enacted a 12-month moratorium and Perry Township approved a data center with community payments. Ohio has 101 existing data centers with approximately 80 more planned statewide. Massillon is proactively developing regulatory frameworks rather than waiting for specific proposals, part of a broader trend of Ohio communities preparing for the data center boom that has prompted moratoriums in at least 18 municipalities.", "sources": [ "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-april-1-2026/", "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-weekly-briefing-march-30-april-3-2026/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Develop data center zoning recommendations for Massillon before proposals arrive", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "minnesota-sf-4298-moratorium-bill-mn-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Minnesota (statewide)", "state": "MN", "county": null, "lat": 44.9553, "lng": -93.1022, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-04", "status": "dead", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Minnesota SF 4298, introduced by Sen. Jennifer McEwen (DFL-Duluth), would establish a temporary statewide moratorium on new data centers by barring state and local governments from issuing permits until one year after the Public Utility Commission submits a comprehensive report on data center development scenarios. This would theoretically push back local approvals into 2029. The bill was referred to the Senate Energy, Utilities, Environment and Climate Committee but has not received a hearing as of late March 2026. Environmental advocates, union representatives, engineers, and the Minnesota Catholic Conference expressed support, while economic development organizations objected to it, arguing confidentiality in early business discussions is needed. The bill taps into growing opposition from communities pushing back against data centers across Minnesota, including in Monticello, Farmington, Pine Island, and Hermantown. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: SF 4298 (McEwen statewide moratorium) never got a hearing and died at MN sine die May 18, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/bills/94/2026/0/SF/4298/", "https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/02/20/data-center-opponents-call-for-statewide-moratorium-new-regulations", "https://www.minnpost.com/state-government/2026/03/minnesota-residents-opposed-to-data-centers-look-to-legislators-for-moratoriums-and-transparency/", "https://www.mncatholic.org/re_support_for_s_f_4298_data_center_moratorium" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Statewide moratorium on data center permits until PUC completes comprehensive study", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Jennifer McEwen (DFL-Duluth)" ] }, { "id": "ohio-ballot-board-dc-ban-amendment-2026-04-03", "jurisdiction": "Ohio (statewide ballot initiative)", "state": "OH", "county": null, "lat": 39.9612, "lng": -82.9988, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-04-03", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Ohio Prohibition of Data Center Construction Amendment", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Ohio Residents for Responsible Development" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Ohio Ballot Board voted unanimously on April 3, 2026 to certify a proposed constitutional amendment that would prohibit construction of data centers with aggregate power demand exceeding 25 megawatts per month. AG Dave Yost certified the petition March 26. Signature gathering officially launched April 6, 2026 and is ongoing, led by Ohio Residents for Responsible Development with volunteer county leaders in 46 of 88 counties. Petitioners need 413,000+ signatures from at least 44 counties by July 1 to make the November 2026 ballot. As of mid-April, petition drives are active at community events across the state.", "sources": [ "https://ohiocapitaljournal.com/2026/04/03/data-center-ban-on-the-ohio-ballot-petitioners-get-approval-to-start-gathering-signatures/", "https://ballotpedia.org/Ohio_Prohibition_of_Data_Center_Construction_Amendment_(2026)", "https://www.statenews.org/government-politics/2026-04-03/a-proposed-big-data-center-ban-in-ohio-clears-hurdle-with-a-ways-to-go", "https://www.cleveland19.com/2026/04/06/petitioners-begin-gathering-signatures-get-data-center-ban-ballot/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-19", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "voters", "objective": "Constitutional amendment to ban data centers over 25 MW in Ohio via November 2026 ballot", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "federal-air-force-base-data-center-leasing-2025-10-22", "jurisdiction": "United States (Air Force Base Leasing)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "executive_order" ], "date": "2025-10-22", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Air Force Data Center Land Leasing Program", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 3100, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The U.S. Air Force issued a solicitation to lease approximately 3,100 acres of underutilized land at five bases for private AI data centers: Edwards AFB, CA (2,115 acres); Davis-Monthan AFB, AZ (300 acres); Arnold AFB, TN (274 acres); Robins AFB, GA (219 acres); and Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst, NJ (193 acres). Projects must use at least 100 MW and invest $500M+. Leases can run up to 50 years at fair market value. Defense One reported concerns about security risks and land-use conflicts. Responses were due November 14, 2025, with selections by January 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.airandspaceforces.com/air-force-bases-to-host-ai-data-centers-on-unused-land/", "https://www.defenseone.com/policy/2025/10/air-force-wants-put-private-ai-data-centers-its-bases-raising-security-land-use-fears/409046/", "https://breakingdefense.com/2025/10/air-force-offers-federal-land-for-private-sector-ai-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "scope": "federal", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "Lease 3,100 acres across five Air Force bases for private AI data center development", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "U.S. Air Force" ] }, { "id": "federal-doe-tmi-loan-constellation-2025-11-18", "jurisdiction": "United States (DOE Loan - Three Mile Island)", "state": "PA", "county": "Dauphin County", "lat": 40.153, "lng": -76.725, "action_type": [ "executive_order" ], "date": "2025-11-18", "status": "active", "company": "Constellation Energy", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": "Crane Clean Energy Center (Three Mile Island Unit 1) Restart", "investment_million_usd": 1600, "megawatts": 835, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "DOE issued a $1 billion loan through its Energy Dominance Financing Program to Constellation Energy for restarting Three Mile Island Unit 1 (renamed Crane Clean Energy Center), covering most of the estimated $1.6B project cost. Microsoft signed a 20-year power purchase agreement to offtake the entire 835 MW output for its data centers. The reactor is expected to return to service in 2027. The loan was financed to back projects boosting energy infrastructure capacity for the U.S. AI industry. Critics note this uses public funds to subsidize Big Tech data center power needs.", "sources": [ "https://www.cnbc.com/2025/11/18/trump-nuclear-three-mile-island-crane-loan-constellation-ceg.html", "https://penncapital-star.com/briefs/three-mile-island-restart-project-gets-a-1-billion-federal-loan/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/constellation-secures-1bn-loan-from-us-doe-to-support-restart-of-three-mile-island-nuclear-plant-report/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "scope": "federal", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "DOE $1B loan to restart Three Mile Island nuclear reactor for Microsoft data center power", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Department of Energy" ] }, { "id": "federal-doe-lbnl-data-center-energy-report-2024-12-20", "jurisdiction": "United States (DOE/LBNL Report)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2024-12-20", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "2024 U.S. Data Center Energy Usage Report", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "DOE published the landmark 2024 U.S. Data Center Energy Usage Report by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Key findings: data center electricity consumption rose from 58 TWh in 2014 to 176 TWh in 2023 (4.4% of total U.S. electricity), and is projected to reach 325-580 TWh by 2028 (6.7-12% of total U.S. electricity). Load growth has tripled over the past decade and is projected to double or triple again by 2028, driven by AI applications, domestic manufacturing growth, and electrification.", "sources": [ "https://www.energy.gov/articles/doe-releases-new-report-evaluating-increase-electricity-demand-data-centers", "https://eta.lbl.gov/publications/2024-lbnl-data-center-energy-usage-report", "https://newscenter.lbl.gov/2025/01/15/berkeley-lab-report-evaluates-increase-in-electricity-demand-from-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "scope": "federal", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "Quantify U.S. data center energy consumption trends and projections through 2028", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Department of Energy", "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory" ] }, { "id": "federal-ceq-nepa-repeal-data-center-permitting-2026-01-08", "jurisdiction": "United States (CEQ NEPA Repeal)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2026-01-08", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "CEQ NEPA Regulations Removal", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Earthjustice", "NRDC", "Sierra Club" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Council on Environmental Quality finalized a rule removing all of its NEPA implementing regulations from the Code of Federal Regulations, effective January 8, 2026. This follows EO 14318 (July 2025) which directed agencies to identify categorical exclusions to fast-track data center permitting. With CEQ NEPA regulations repealed, each agency now sets its own environmental review procedures, significantly reducing environmental review requirements for data center projects on federal land. Environmental organizations have challenged the repeal in court.", "sources": [ "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/01/08/2026-00178/removal-of-national-environmental-policy-act-implementing-regulations", "https://natlawreview.com/article/ceq-formally-repeals-nepa-regulations-leading-new-look-nepa-2026", "https://www.williamsmullen.com/insights/news/legal-news/beat-ai-clock-federal-initiatives-accelerate-data-center-environmental" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "federal", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "federal_executive", "objective": "Remove federal NEPA environmental review regulations, easing data center permitting on federal land", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Council on Environmental Quality" ] }, { "id": "federal-hr-8037-protect-american-ai-act-2026-03-24", "jurisdiction": "United States (H.R. 8037)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-24", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Protect American AI Act of 2026", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Earthjustice", "Sierra Club" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "H.R. 8037, introduced by Rep. Michael Baumgartner (R-WA), would have limited litigation challenging data center environmental permits by barring claims unless filed within 90 days and restricting injunctions against approved projects. It also would have exempted data centers from key environmental laws including NEPA and the Clean Water Act. Earthjustice mobilized over 100 organizations within 24 hours, and the House Judiciary Committee shelved the bill the next day. The rapid defeat was seen as a major win for the environmental/community coalition.", "sources": [ "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/8037/text", "https://news.bgov.com/bloomberg-government-news/ai-data-center-permit-bill-vote-delayed-by-house-judiciary-panel", "https://www.techpolicy.press/march-2026-us-tech-policy-roundup/", "https://earthjustice.org/article/how-we-rallied-a-big-coalition-to-stop-a-shady-data-center-bill" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "federal", "county_lean": null, "bill_name": "H.R. 8037 - Protect American AI Act of 2026", "bill_url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/8037", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Limit legal challenges to data center environmental permits and prevent courts from vacating permits", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Michael Baumgartner (R-WA)" ] }, { "id": "federal-white-house-ai-policy-framework-2026-03-20", "jurisdiction": "United States (White House AI Framework)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "executive_order" ], "date": "2026-03-20", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Trump administration released its National Policy Framework for AI on March 20, 2026, prepared by OSTP and AI/Crypto Advisor David Sacks. Contains 27 legislative recommendations to Congress including: financial support for data center Qualifying Projects ($500M+ capital, 100+ MW) via loans, grants, and tax incentives; federal preemption of state AI laws that conflict with federal standards; streamlined federal permitting for AI infrastructure; and a call to ensure residential ratepayers do not pay higher electricity costs from data center construction (referencing the March 4 Ratepayer Protection Pledge). The preemption push is controversial — Democrats introduced the GUARDRAILS Act in response. States retain zoning authority.", "sources": [ "https://www.mayerbrown.com/en/insights/publications/2026/03/trump-administration-issues-legislative-recommendations-for-a-federal-artificial-intelligence-framework", "https://www.hklaw.com/en/insights/publications/2026/03/white-house-releases-a-national-policy-framework-for-artificial", "https://www.akingump.com/en/insights/alerts/white-house-releases-long-awaited-artificial-intelligence-framework-setting-the-stage-for-federal-preemption-debate-and-further-legislative-action", "https://rollcall.com/2026/03/20/white-house-ai-framework-calls-for-preemption-of-state-laws/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "federal", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "tax_incentive", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "federal_executive", "objective": "Establish federal AI policy framework with 27 recommendations including data center permitting fast-track and state preemption", "community_outcome": "mixed", "sponsors": [ "White House OSTP" ] }, { "id": "federal-nrdc-pjm-data-center-report-2025-10", "jurisdiction": "National (NRDC PJM Report)", "state": "DC", "county": null, "lat": 38.8951, "lng": -77.0364, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-10-01", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Building Data Centers Without Breaking PJM", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "NRDC", "Citizens Utility Board" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.nrdc.org/bio/tom-rutigliano/building-data-centers-without-breaking-pjm", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "NRDC published Building Data Centers Without Breaking PJM, documenting how data centers drove PJM capacity costs from $2.2B in 2023-24 to $14.7B in summer 2025 -- a sevenfold increase. Projects $163B in cumulative capacity costs through 2033, translating to $70/month increases for average households across 13 states. Estimates data centers could require 50+ GW of peak capacity by 2030 (enough to power 20M+ households). Recommends PJM require data centers to fund their own infrastructure rather than shifting costs to 67 million ratepayers.", "sources": [ "https://www.nrdc.org/bio/tom-rutigliano/building-data-centers-without-breaking-pjm", "https://www.nrdc.org/press-releases/rising-demand-data-centers-driving-reliability-cost-concerns", "https://www.citizensutilityboard.org/blog/2025/10/23/data-center-concerns-cub-nrdc-experts-warn-pjm-states-could-get-hit-with-forced-blackouts-163b-in-additional-electricity-capacity-costs/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "scope": "federal", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "Document $163B in projected data center capacity costs to PJM ratepayers and propose reform", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "NRDC" ] }, { "id": "federal-doe-section-403-ferc-directive-2025-10-23", "jurisdiction": "United States (DOE Section 403 Directive)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation" ], "date": "2025-10-23", "status": "resolved", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "DOE Section 403 Directive to FERC on Large Load Interconnection", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On October 23, 2025, US DOE Secretary Chris Wright issued a Section 403 directive to FERC mandating rulemaking to standardize and 'rapidly accelerate' interconnection for large loads like AI data centers. The Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking proposes FERC assert jurisdiction over interconnection of large loads >20 MW — an area traditionally state-regulated. Final rule due April 30, 2026. FERC opened public comment Nov 14-28, 2025. The directive uses rare DOE authority and represents a significant federalization of large-load interconnection. Energy lawyers and academics raised concerns about preemption of state utility commission authority and acceleration of grid impacts from data centers. [Validation 2026-06-19: status -> 'resolved' per https://www.ferc.gov/news-events/news/ferc-launches-aggressive-targeted-action-speed-large-load-integration.]", "sources": [ "https://www.gibsondunn.com/secretary-of-energy-directs-ferc-to-initiate-rulemaking-to-expedite-data-center-and-large-load-interconnection/", "https://www.bdlaw.com/publications/doe-invokes-rare-authority-to-direct-ferc-to-accelerate-grid-access-for-large-loads-and-data-centers/", "https://www.whitecase.com/insight-alert/doe-directs-ferc-accelerate-interconnection-data-centers" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "federal", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "Direct FERC to expedite data center grid interconnection rules using rare Section 403 authority", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Department of Energy" ] }, { "id": "lansing-ny-article78-lawsuit-2026-01-29", "jurisdiction": "Town of Lansing (Article 78 Lawsuit)", "state": "NY", "county": "Tompkins County", "lat": 42.5715, "lng": -76.5278, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-01-20", "status": "active", "company": "TeraWulf", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Lansing AI Data Center (former Milliken Station)", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 400, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 1000000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "FLX Strong", "Cayuga Lake Environmental Action Now (CLEAN)" ], "opposition_website": "https://cleancayugalake.org/terawulf/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "FLX Strong and Cayuga Lake Environmental Action Now (CLEAN) filed an Article 78 petition on January 29, 2026 in Tompkins County Supreme Court against the Town of Lansing Zoning Board of Appeals, TeraWulf Inc., its subsidiary Lake Hawkeye, property owner Cayuga Operating Company, and applicant Fred DelFavero. The suit challenges the ZBA's narrow 3-2 vote on December 22, 2025 that classified TeraWulf's proposed 400MW data center at the former Milliken Station coal plant as a 'general processing facility' permitted in the industrial zone. The groups allege ZBA 'effectively rewritten the Town Code under the guise of interpretation' and cite 'bias, legal defects, and procedural irregularities.' Previously, Lansing's Town Board withdrew a proposed one-year moratorium in November 2025 after TeraWulf threatened legal action over alleged Open Meetings Law violations. UPDATE May 22, 2026: Judge Mark Masler denied the ZBA/TeraWulf motion to dismiss in late April; the ZBA and developer answers were due May 22, and the suit proceeds. Opponents (FLX Strong, Cayuga Environmental Action Now) allege wetland destruction, 40+ acres of clearing, noise harming bird populations, and grid strain. (Distinct from TeraWulf's Lake Mariner site in Barker, NY.)", "sources": [ "https://ithacavoice.org/2026/01/local-groups-file-suit-against-terawulf-lansing-zoning-board-over-data-center/", "https://www.ithaca.com/news/lansing/flx-strong-clean-file-lawsuit-against-lansing-zba-terawulf-to-block-data-center/article_97b45f0f-c849-497c-9daa-6040f1f1710b.html", "https://www.cornellsun.com/article/2026/02/tompkins-county-legislature-calls-on-dec-to-reconsider-water-permit-for-terawulf-data-center", "https://ithacavoice.org/2026/02/county-calls-on-state-to-reject-water-permit-for-ai-data-center/", "https://www.ithaca.com/news/regional_news/tompkins-county-legislature-urges-state-to-deny-water-permit-for-lansing-data-center/article_1d89f22d-fcd0-43b3-97e2-173e08a483ea.html", { "url": "https://607newsnow.com/news/258852-court-rules-lawsuit-against-terawulf-lansing-zba-can-move-forward/", "title": "Court rules lawsuit against TeraWulf Lansing ZBA can move forward" }, { "url": "https://www.fingerlakes1.com/2026/05/16/new-york-bill-would-halt-new-ai-data-centers-as-cayuga-lake-project-fuels-growing-backlash/", "title": "Cayuga Lake project fuels growing backlash" } ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "grid_energy", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Annul Lansing ZBA decision classifying TeraWulf data center as permitted 'general processing facility'", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "nj-s680-clean-energy-requirement-2026-01-13", "jurisdiction": "New Jersey (S680 clean energy requirement)", "state": "NJ", "county": "Mercer County", "lat": 40.22, "lng": -74.77, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-13", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "S-680 would mandate clean energy sourcing for new AI data centers, requiring all electricity from new renewable or nuclear generation measured hourly. Takes effect only after a majority of PJM states enact comparable requirements. Advancing through committees as of April 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.nixonpeabody.com/insights/alerts/2026/04/09/new-jersey-pushes-for-data-center-clean-power-mandates", "https://legiscan.com/NJ/text/S680/id/3311832", "https://www.njsendems.org/m/newsflash/home/detail/897" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "environmental", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require NJ data centers to source 100% of electricity from new clean or nuclear energy", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "new-hampshire-sb-439-nh-2026-01-29", "jurisdiction": "New Hampshire (SB 439 municipal zoning)", "state": "NH", "county": null, "lat": 43.1939, "lng": -71.5724, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-29", "status": "tabled", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "New Hampshire SB 439 enables local planning boards to adopt regulations specifically governing data centers, which would be allowed in commercial and industrial zones. The Senate passed the bill on January 29, 2026 by a vote of 16-8 with amendments. The original bill included specific zoning requirements such as noise limits within 300 feet of residential districts and landscape buffer mandates, but the Senate stripped those specific restrictions, leaving only the enabling framework. The bill now moves to the House, where the Municipal and County Government Committee scheduled a public hearing for April 7, 2026. SB 439 takes a different approach than HB 1265's proposed one-year moratorium, instead empowering local municipalities to set their own data center regulations. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: SB 439 was rewritten in House committee (11-9, party line) into a PRO-development version (barring towns from regulating data centers more restrictively than other uses), then TABLED by the full House ~May 14, 2026. Neither the original community-protective version nor the pro-development rewrite became law — a wash. Consolidated a duplicate tracker entry.", "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/NH/bill/SB439/2026", "https://www.citizenscount.org/bills/sb-439-2026", "https://www.businessnhmagazine.com/article/should-nh-restrict-large-data-centers", { "url": "https://vnews.com/2026/05/09/nh-data-centers-bipartisan-opposition/", "title": "NH data centers bipartisan opposition" } ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Enable NH local planning boards to adopt data center zoning regulations", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "maine-ld307-moratorium-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Maine (LD 307 statewide moratorium)", "state": "ME", "county": "Kennebec County", "lat": 44.3106, "lng": -69.7795, "action_type": [ "legislation", "executive_action" ], "date": "2026-03-20", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 20, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Governor Janet Mills VETOED LD 307 on April 24, 2026. The bill, sponsored by Rep. Melanie Sachs (D-Freeport), passed the House 79-62 and Senate 21-13 on April 14, falling short of the two-thirds majority needed to override the veto. LD 307 would have established the Maine Data Center Coordination Council and frozen permits for data centers exceeding 20 MW through November 1, 2027 — the first statewide data center moratorium in US history. Mills cited the bill's failure to exempt the $550M Androscoggin Mill project in Jay. She announced she will issue an executive order creating a study council instead.", "sources": [ "https://www.maine.gov/governor/mills/news/governor-mills-announces-decision-ld-307-2026-04-24", "https://www.maine.gov/governor/mills/official_documents/veto_messages/2026-04-ld-307-act-establish-maine-data-center-coordination", "https://www.bangordailynews.com/2026/04/24/politics/janet-mills-vetoes-maine-data-center-ban/", "https://mainemorningstar.com/2026/04/24/gov-mills-vetoes-landmark-data-center-ban/", "https://techcrunch.com/2026/04/25/maines-governor-vetoes-data-center-moratorium/", "https://mainemorningstar.com/2026/02/23/as-data-centers-look-to-rural-new-england-maine-considers-a-moratorium/", "https://reason.com/2026/04/03/maine-bill-proves-states-are-capable-of-adopting-bad-data-center-policies-without-federal-intervention/", "https://www.bangordailynews.com/2026/03/13/mainefocus/mainefocus-business/maine-data-center-moratorium/", "https://mainemorningstar.com/2026/04/09/landmark-data-center-moratorium-passes-maine-legislature/", "https://www.cnn.com/2026/04/12/climate/maine-data-center-ban-bill" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Freeze permits for data centers over 20MW statewide through November 2027", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Rep. Melanie Sachs (D-Freeport)" ] }, { "id": "hanover-township-washington-county-pa-2026-03-31", "jurisdiction": "Hanover Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Washington County", "lat": 40.3461, "lng": -80.3793, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-31", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Starpointe Industrial Park", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Center for Coalfield Justice" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Township passed data center ordinance regulating location, noise, water usage, power demand, and emergency management. Most likely site is Starpointe Industrial Park. Community members from Center for Coalfield Justice remain concerned about environmental impacts.", "sources": [ "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-weekly-briefing-march-30-april-3-2026/", "https://www.pennfuture.org/Publication-Data-Center-Model-Ordinance" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "noise", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Regulate data center location, noise, water, and power demand in Hanover Township", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "montgomery-township-pa-curative-2026-03-23", "jurisdiction": "Montgomery Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Montgomery County", "lat": 40.248, "lng": -75.2437, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-23", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Supervisors declared township zoning ordinance 'substantively invalid' for lacking data center provisions, triggering the curative amendment process under PA Municipalities Planning Code. Township has 180 days to adopt new zoning covering locations, setbacks, building size, noise, and infrastructure for data centers. Goal is to prevent developers from getting court-ordered approvals without local standards.", "sources": [ "https://northpennnow.com/news/2026/mar/27/montgomery-township-moves-to-fix-zoning-gap-on-data-centers/", "https://northpennnow.com/news/2026/mar/25/montgomery-township-moves-to-fix-zoning-gap-on-data-centers/", "https://www.montgomerytwp.org/department/index.php?structureid=11" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Declare zoning ordinance invalid to proactively adopt data center regulations before developers seek court approval", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "jenkins-township-luzerne-county-pa-2026-03-31", "jurisdiction": "Jenkins Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Luzerne County", "lat": 41.2767, "lng": -75.7905, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-31", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "CenterPoint Data Center Overlay District", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 550, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Jenkins Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, held a public hearing on March 31, 2026 for a proposed zoning amendment creating a 550-acre Data Center Overlay District limited to the Industrial 2 zone at CenterPoint, where the Mericle organization has built more than 20 warehouses. The Shepstone Zoning and Management Group was hired to draft the proposed amendment. Data centers would be permitted as a conditional use, meaning any applicant must go before the Board of Supervisors with a required public hearing. The proposed ordinance includes supplemental regulations for site development, dimensional requirements, and a Community and Fiscal Impact Analysis requirement. No applications have been submitted yet.", "sources": [ "https://www.timesleader.com/news/1737257/jenkins-twp-holds-hearing-on-data-center-ordinance", "https://www.timesleader.com/news/1734520/jenkins-twp-to-hold-public-hearing-on-data-center-ordinance" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Create 550-acre Data Center Overlay District limited to CenterPoint industrial zone with conditional use requirement", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently verified both cited Times Leader sources plus a web search. Neither source states a 550-acre size for the Data Center Overlay District. Source 1737257 (hearing held) states a per-data-ce", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "starwood-delaware-coastal-zone-appeal-de-2026-03-26", "jurisdiction": "Delaware (Coastal Zone Appeal)", "state": "DE", "county": "New Castle County", "lat": 39.5776, "lng": -75.7502, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-26", "status": "defeated", "company": "Starwood Digital Ventures", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Washington", "investment_million_usd": 10000, "megawatts": 1200, "acreage": 580, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Delaware Coastal Zone Industrial Control Board unanimously upheld DNREC Secretary's decision that 'Project Washington' data center is not allowed under the Coastal Zone Act. The 580-acre facility proposed 516 backup diesel generators, classified as heavy industry. Developer Starwood Digital Ventures expected to appeal to Delaware Superior Court and then Supreme Court, a process that could take 18 months to 3 years.", "sources": [ "https://spotlightdelaware.org/2026/03/26/delaware-city-data-center-environmental-denial-upheld-by-state-board/", "https://www.delawarepublic.org/science-health-tech/2026-03-26/dnrec-board-affirms-decisio-to-prohibit-starwood-digital-data-center-in-coastal-zone" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Block $10B data center from coastal zone under Delaware environmental law", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "nj-a796-large-load-tariff-assembly-2026-03-23", "jurisdiction": "New Jersey (A796 Assembly passage)", "state": "NJ", "county": "Mercer County", "lat": 40.22, "lng": -74.77, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-23", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "NJ Assembly passed bill requiring utilities to design special tariff rates for data centers consuming 100+ MW monthly, ensuring non-data-center ratepayers are protected from incremental cost increases. NJ residential electric bills rose ~20% in 2025, with data centers accounting for ~70% of new power demand. Awaiting governor signature. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: A796 passed the Assembly 55-18 (~March 23, 2026); awaiting Senate concurrence + Gov. Sherrill signature.", "sources": [ "https://whyy.org/articles/new-jersey-general-assembly-data-center-grid-upgrades-cost-legislation/", "https://newjerseymonitor.com/briefs/nj-bill-data-centers-electric-costs/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Create separate utility rate tariff for 100MW+ data centers to protect NJ ratepayers from subsidizing data center costs", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": [ "Asm. Dave Bailey Jr. (D-Gloucester)", "Asm. Joe Danielsen", "Asm. Clinton Calabrese", "Asm. Eliana Pintor Marin" ] }, { "id": "phillipsburg-nj-ban-ordinance-2026-04", "jurisdiction": "Phillipsburg (data center ban)", "state": "NJ", "county": "Warren County", "lat": 40.6934, "lng": -75.1904, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-03-26", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Phillipsburg, NJ Town Council UNANIMOUSLY adopted Ordinance 2026-08 on April 14, 2026, banning data centers in all zoning districts townwide. Residents cited concerns about a potential 300MW data center consuming 3-5 million gallons of water per day. First municipal townwide data center ban in NJ. UPDATE 2026-04-21: Confirmed — Ordinance 2026-08 unanimously adopted April 14, 2026, banning data centers townwide. Residents cited a potential 300 MW facility and 3-5 million gallons/day water demand.", "sources": [ "https://www.tapinto.net/towns/phillipsburg/sections/government/articles/phillipsburg-council-votes-unanimously-to-shut-the-door-on-data-centers", "https://www.tapinto.net/towns/phillipsburg/sections/government/articles/phillipsburg-to-vote-to-ban-data-centers-citing-major-energy-and-water-demands", "https://www.tapinto.net/towns/phillipsburg/sections/government/articles/digital-deserts-why-pburg-is-saying-no-to-data-centers" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Ban data centers from all zoning districts in Phillipsburg", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "yorkville-il-meyer-property-2026-04-01", "jurisdiction": "Yorkville", "state": "IL", "county": "Kendall County", "lat": 41.6414, "lng": -88.4453, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-01", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Yorkville Nexus V LLC / Green Door Capital", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Meyer Property Data Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 91, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Yorkville Nexus V LLC / Green Door Capital WITHDREW the 91-acre Meyer Property data center rezoning application on April 14-15, 2026, following the city council's April 1 tabling and continued resident opposition. The Planning & Zoning Commission had unanimously rejected the proposal in January 2026. Mayor John Purcell said there is 'no more appetite' for new data centers in Yorkville after Project Cardinal (1,037 acres) and Project Steel (540 acres) were already approved. The withdrawal marks a clear community win against the third data center proposal in Yorkville.", "sources": [ "https://www.shawlocal.com/kendall-county-now/2026/04/01/80-acre-data-center-near-caledonia-tabled-in-yorkville/", "https://www.wspynews.com/news/local/yorkville-tables-meyer-property-data-center-rezoning/article_ebc51183-539f-4243-91cc-83cbf03130f3.html" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "noise", "traffic", "zoning", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Block third data center rezoning near Caledonia residential subdivision in Yorkville", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "hancock-county-in-committee-2026-03-29", "jurisdiction": "Hancock County", "state": "IN", "county": "Hancock County", "lat": 39.7764, "lng": -85.7735, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-29", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Save Hancock County" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Hancock County, Indiana, commissioners are seeking residents to serve on a data center study committee, following advocacy by the 'Save Hancock County' grassroots group that first proposed a moratorium and study committee to the commissioners. The committee will evaluate the impact of data center development on the county's infrastructure, water, energy, and quality of life. This comes after Surge Development had previously withdrawn its application to rezone 775 acres in Buck Creek Township for the 'Hancock County MegaSite.' The next planning commission meeting is scheduled for April 21, 2026 at the Hancock County Courthouse Annex. The study committee represents a shift from outright moratorium to structured review of data center impacts.", "sources": [ "https://www.greenfieldreporter.com/2026/03/29/county-seeks-residents-for-data-center-committee/", "https://www.ibj.com/articles/3-counties-put-moratoriums-on-data-center-projects" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-05", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "community_impact", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Establish citizen study committee to evaluate data center development impacts in Hancock County", "community_outcome": "pending", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "indianapolis-council-dc-regulations-in-2026-01-28", "jurisdiction": "Indianapolis (Department of Metropolitan Development / City-County Council)", "state": "IN", "county": "Marion County", "lat": 39.7684, "lng": -86.1581, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "study_or_report" ], "date": "2026-04-23", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 23, 2026, the Indianapolis Department of Metropolitan Development released draft zoning rules to regulate where data centers can be built in Marion County. The draft creates a new zoning category for data centers, caps noise at 65 dB at the property line, requires a 200-foot buffer from residentially zoned land, requires a 'will-serve' utility letter, and limits backup generators to emergency use (no testing 5 p.m.-7 a.m.). Critics including Citizens Action Coalition's Ben Inskeep call the draft inadequate. Virtual sessions April 28 and 30; MDC consideration May 20; possible Council adoption June. The City-County Council's Environmental Sustainability Committee began considering regulatory options earlier in 2026. May 20, 2026: Metropolitan Development Commission held a public hearing on the draft SU-47 special-use district (every new data center requires full rezoning + public hearing; 65 dB property-line cap; 200-ft separation). Next: City-County Council intro June 1, committee June 8, final approval targeted July.", "sources": [ "https://mirrorindy.org/indianapolis-city-county-council-sustainability-committee-data-centers/", "https://www.wishtv.com/news/local-news/data-centers-regulation-council-concerns/", "https://www.wfyi.org/wfyi-news/2026-04-23/indianapolis-data-center-zoning-rules-proposal", "https://www.wishtv.com/news/i-team-8/proposed-ordinance-seeks-to-set-rules-for-data-centers-in-indianapolis/", { "url": "https://www.axios.com/local/indianapolis/2026/05/15/the-city-county-council-passed-a-data-center-moratorium-heres-whats-next", "title": "Indianapolis data center rules: what's next" } ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "zoning", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Develop city-wide data center regulations for Indianapolis/Marion County", "community_outcome": "mixed", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "cassville-wi-village-powers-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Town of Cassville", "state": "WI", "county": "Grant County", "lat": 42.7086, "lng": -90.9825, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-12", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "No Data Centers in the Driftless" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/nodatacentersdriftless", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Town of Cassville residents voted 54-3 in March 2026 to authorize 'village powers,' a Wisconsin mechanism that grants townships greater zoning control typically reserved for villages and cities. The vote was specifically motivated by a potential $1-2 billion data center development on approximately 500 acres in the Driftless Area of Grant County. The 'No Data Centers in the Driftless' Facebook group has 2,700+ members voicing concerns about the project. A community information event in nearby Potosi drew over 500 attendees. The village powers authorization gives Cassville residents significantly more leverage over future land use decisions, including the ability to adopt zoning ordinances that could restrict or condition data center development. The developer remains unnamed under NDA, with Grant County competing against sites in Indiana and North Dakota.", "sources": [ "https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/04/wisconsin-data-center-driftless-area-new-details-emerge-grant-county-cassville/", "https://pbswisconsin.org/news-item/another-billion-dollar-wisconsin-data-center-is-eyed-for-cassville-in-grant-county/", "https://www.telegraphherald.com/news/tri-state/article_42dd2f99-3897-40ad-94f3-c5497f60fcc7.html" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "farmland", "water", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "voters", "objective": "Grant Cassville township zoning authority to control potential data center development", "community_outcome": "win", "sponsors": null }, { "id": "carver-mn-moratorium-2026-04-06", "jurisdiction": "City of Carver", "state": "MN", "county": "Carver County", "lat": 44.7636, "lng": -93.6255, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-06", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Carver City Council unanimously approved a 1-year moratorium on data center development on April 6, 2026. This is a preemptive action — no specific data center project was pending — to allow the city time to study potential impacts on infrastructure, water, energy, and community character before any proposals are submitted.", "sources": [ "https://www.fox9.com/news/minnesota-data-centers-carver-city-council-1-year-moratorium-april-11", "https://bringmethenews.com/minnesota-news/carver-becomes-latest-city-to-impose-moratorium-on-data-centers", "https://www.govtech.com/artificial-intelligence/data-center-debate-settles-into-minnesota-city-halls" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Preemptive moratorium on data center development in Carver, MN", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "illinois-statewide-tax-freeze-2026-04", "jurisdiction": "Illinois (statewide)", "state": "IL", "county": null, "lat": 39.7817, "lng": -89.6501, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-06-05", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Governor J.B. Pritzker announced a two-year suspension of state tax incentives for new data centers, effective July 1, 2026. The freeze applies to the state's data center tax exemption program. Still requires Illinois General Assembly approval to take effect. The announcement comes amid growing community opposition to data center developments across Illinois, including fights in Sangamon County, Mount Prospect, and DeKalb. On June 5, 2026, after the legislature failed to act on his February request, Gov. Pritzker directed the Dept. of Commerce & Economic Opportunity to pause processing new Data Center Investment Program tax-incentive agreements starting July 1, 2026 (existing agreements honored). He paired it with a consumer-protection framework: ban local-government NDAs, require energy/water reporting and public permit notices, and require community benefit agreements; he plans to press the issue in the November veto session.", "sources": [ "https://www.nrdc.org/press-releases/pritzker-announces-two-year-suspension-state-tax-incentives-new-data-center", "https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/gov-jb-pritzker-suspending-tax-incentives-data-centers-illinois-rcna259297", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/illinois-governor-pritzker-to-call-for-two-year-suspension-of-data-center-tax-incentives-report/", "https://www.axios.com/local/chicago/2026/02/18/illinois-freezes-data-center-tax-incentives-pritzker-trump-energy", { "url": "https://capitolnewsillinois.com/news/gov-jb-pritzker-to-suspend-tax-breaks-for-data-centers-urging-more-discussion/", "title": "Gov. Pritzker to suspend tax breaks for data centers" }, { "url": "https://gov-pritzker-newsroom.prezly.com/gov-pritzker-pauses-new-data-center-tax-incentives", "title": "Gov. Pritzker pauses new data center tax incentives" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-07", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Suspend state data center tax incentives for two years", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "federal-s4213-durbin-water-disclosure-2026-03-26", "jurisdiction": "United States (S.4213)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-26", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Sen. Dick Durbin (D-IL) introduced S.4213, the Data Center Water and Energy Disclosure Act, requiring data center operators to report both energy and water consumption data to states, EPA, and the Secretaries of Energy and Agriculture. Addresses the lack of mandatory federal disclosure requirements for data center water consumption, noting that a single hyperscale facility can consume 1-5 million gallons of water per day. Referred to committee.", "sources": [ "https://www.durbin.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/as-utility-costs-rise-durbin-introduces-new-legislation-to-bring-transparency-to-energy-and-water-consumption-by-data-centers", "https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/119/s4213" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "federal", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "water", "transparency", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Require federal water and energy disclosure for data centers", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "federal-army-military-base-data-centers-2026-03-26", "jurisdiction": "United States (Army Military Base Leasing)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation" ], "date": "2026-03-26", "status": "active", "company": "Carlyle; CyrusOne / KKR / BlackRock", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The US Army conditionally selected Carlyle for ~1,384 acres at Fort Bliss, Texas, and CyrusOne (with KKR and BlackRock) for ~1,201 acres at Dugway Proving Ground, Utah, to build commercial hyperscale data centers on underutilized military land. Initial Operating Capability at Fort Bliss projected for FY2027, Dugway for FY2029. Companies handle all financing, construction, operations, maintenance, and decommissioning. Aligns with Trump's July 2025 executive order on federal lands for data centers.", "sources": [ "https://www.army.mil/article/291360/army_reaches_conditional_agreement_with_private_industry_for_hyperscaled_data_centers", "https://www.stripes.com/branches/army/2026-03-26/army-bases-ai-data-centers-21188343.html" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "federal", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "Lease underutilized military land for hyperscale data center construction", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "federal-army-corps-google-little-rock-2026-04-06", "jurisdiction": "Army Corps of Engineers (Google Little Rock)", "state": "AR", "county": "Pulaski County", "lat": 34.7465, "lng": -92.2896, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-04-06", "status": "active", "company": "Google", "hyperscaler": "Google", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 100, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": 1430000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Army Corps of Engineers published a public notice for a Section 404 (Clean Water Act) permit for a ~$1B Google data center at the Port of Little Rock (via Willowbend Capital LLC). The project involves 5 industrial buildings (1.43M sq ft), 2 office buildings, a substation, and infrastructure. It would fill nearly 17 acres of wetlands and impact over 6,000 feet of streams. Power consumption would exceed 100 MW (equivalent to 80,000-100,000 homes). Public comment period remains active through May 1, 2026, with environmental groups mobilizing submissions.", "sources": [ "https://federalnewsnetwork.com/technology-main/2026/04/army-corps-reviews-google-data-center-proposal-seeks-public-input/", "https://arktimes.com/arkansas-blog/2026/04/09/nows-your-chance-to-comment-on-the-data-center-slated-for-the-port-of-little-rock" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "water", "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "Review and public comment on Google data center wetlands permit in Little Rock", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "federal-hr7977-energy-bills-relief-2026-03-18", "jurisdiction": "United States (H.R. 7977)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-18", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Reps. Sean Casten (D-IL) and Mike Levin (D-CA), backed by 120 House Democrats via the SEEC Clean Energy Deployment Task Force, introduced the Energy Bills Relief Act. Among its provisions: ensures data centers and large energy users pay their fair share of grid infrastructure costs instead of passing them to households and small businesses. Also deploys affordable/reliable energy and modernizes the electric grid. Referred to committee.", "sources": [ "https://levin.house.gov/media/press-releases/reps-levin-and-casten_seec-clean-energy-deployment-task-force-introduce-the-energy-bills-relief-act", "https://casten.house.gov/media/press-releases/ebra" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "federal", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Ensure data centers pay fair share of grid costs, relieve household energy bills", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "us-industry-data-center-delays-cancellations-2026-04", "jurisdiction": "United States (industry-wide)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": 38.9072, "lng": -77.0369, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-04-03", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "An April 14, 2026 industry report finds that half of all US data centers planned for 2026 are now delayed or canceled. Only ~5 GW of the expected 12 GW is under construction. The report documents 140+ local community groups actively blocking $60B+ in proposed data center investment. Key causes: shortages of electrical infrastructure components (transformers, switchgear, batteries) with lead times averaging 128 weeks for large power transformers; China supplies 40%+ of US battery imports and ~30% of transformer/switchgear, now facing 125% tariffs; Trump's April 9 tariff pause (90-day, 10% baseline) offers some relief but uncertainty remains. Copper prices up 70% since 2020; electrical steel nearly doubled. Community opposition has emerged as a primary structural constraint on industry buildout.", "sources": [ "https://www.techradar.com/pro/if-one-piece-of-your-supply-chain-is-delayed-then-your-whole-project-cant-deliver-nearly-half-of-us-data-centers-planned-for-2026-canceled-or-delayed-and-things-could-soon-get-much-worse", "https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/artificial-intelligence/half-of-planned-us-data-center-builds-have-been-delayed-or-canceled-growth-limited-by-shortages-of-power-infrastructure-and-parts-from-china-the-ai-build-out-flips-the-breakers", "https://www.facilitiesdive.com/news/trump-tariffs-could-chill-us-data-centers-Ashish-Nadkarni-tyler-norris/745022/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "federal", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": "Document industry-wide data center construction delays and cancellations", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "michigan-statewide-rallies-mi-2026-04-11", "jurisdiction": "Michigan (statewide rallies)", "state": "MI", "county": null, "lat": 42.733, "lng": -84.555, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-04-11", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Michiganders Against Data Centers", "Detroit DSA" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "'No AI Data Center in Michigan' statewide rallies held in 6 cities: Detroit, Ann Arbor, Lansing, Grand Rapids, Traverse City, and Houghton on April 11-12, 2026. Rallies connected opposition to data centers with a ballot initiative to ban utility political donations. Residents voiced concerns about water, air, soil impacts, and agricultural land loss. Dozens of organizations participated including Detroit DSA and Michiganders Against Data Centers.", "sources": [ "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/04/michigan-anti-data-center-rallies/", "https://www.wilx.com/2026/04/12/rallies-held-across-michigan-oppose-data-center-development/", "https://www.fox47news.com/neighborhoods/downtown-old-town-reo-town/michigan-residents-rally-in-lansing-and-across-the-state-to-protest-proposed-data-center-developments" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "Rally against data center development across Michigan", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "sault-ste-marie-tribe-mi-2026-04-07", "jurisdiction": "Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians", "state": "MI", "county": "Chippewa County", "lat": 46.495, "lng": -84.346, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-07", "status": "passed", "company": "Innova Capital Partners", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Sault Tribe Board of Directors voted unanimously on April 7, 2026 to approve an indefinite moratorium on AI data center development on tribal lands, citing concerns about resource strain, land use impacts, and economic benefit uncertainty. Any resolution to lift the moratorium requires community consultation. Bay Mills Indian Community separately instituted an outright ban on data centers.", "sources": [ "https://michiganadvance.com/2026/04/10/community-pushback-prompts-sault-tribe-leadership-to-adopt-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://www.mininggazette.com/news/outdoors/2026/04/sault-tribe-adopts-moratorium-on-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "water", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "tribal_government", "objective": "Indefinite moratorium on AI data centers on Sault Tribe lands", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "brentwood-mo-zoning-2026-04-06", "jurisdiction": "Brentwood", "state": "MO", "county": "St. Louis County", "lat": 38.618, "lng": -90.349, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-06", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Brentwood, Missouri Board of Aldermen held the first reading on April 6, 2026 of a bill to classify data centers as conditional use in the light industrial district, requiring public hearings, pre/post-build studies, sound standards, lighting regulations, parking requirements, and ongoing monitoring. The board held the second reading on April 20, 2026; the outcome was not yet reported in available coverage and the status remains pending.", "sources": [ "https://www.timesnewspapers.com/webster-kirkwoodtimes/aldermen-weigh-regulations-on-data-centers-marijuana-facilities/article_7ed373bb-5e4b-4eb1-a27d-7ebd52bc4f27.html", "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-april-7-2026/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "noise", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Classify data centers as conditional use requiring public hearings and monitoring", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "northfield-mn-regulatory-model-2026-04-08", "jurisdiction": "Northfield", "state": "MN", "county": "Rice County", "lat": 44.458, "lng": -93.161, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-08", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Northfield, Minnesota, highlighted as a potential model for data center regulation with the strictest environmental efficiency standards in the state, covering noise, lighting, building height, electricity use, air quality, heat production, and vibration. The strict standards have effectively deterred data center developers from the area without requiring a moratorium.", "sources": [ "https://kymnradio.net/2026/04/08/northfield-an-outlier-and-potential-model-in-minnesotas-data-center-debacle/", "https://kymnradio.net/2024/12/10/city-allows-data-centers-in-the-northwest-industrial-area-highest-efficency-standards-in-mn-implemented/", "https://northfieldorg.substack.com/p/will-new-hyperscale-data-centers-shock-your-electric-bill" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "noise", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Strict data center environmental efficiency standards as regulatory model", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "pike-county-oh-data-center-2026-04-13", "jurisdiction": "Pike County", "state": "OH", "county": "Pike County", "lat": 39.07, "lng": -83.06, "action_type": [ "infrastructure_opposition", "utility_regulation" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "pending", "company": "AEP Ohio, SoftBank/SB Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Piketon Area Improvements Project", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 10000, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 21, 2026, AEP Ohio announced plans to build approximately 50 miles of 765-kV high-voltage transmission line across Pike, Jackson, and Gallia counties in southern Ohio to power a planned 10 GW data center campus at the former DOE Portsmouth gaseous diffusion plant site (SoftBank/SB Energy). The 'Piketon Area Improvements Project' includes a new Baku Substation in Pike County and connection to the existing Gavin Substation in Gallia County. Regulatory application is expected summer 2026; Ohio Power Siting Board decision early 2027. Three public meetings are scheduled in May. Google has a 75% tax abatement in Scioto County, and Amazon may get 75-100% abatement in Adams County, fueling growing skepticism in Appalachian Ohio. May 11/13/14, 2026: AEP and SB Energy held three public meetings on the 50-mile transmission line (Pike County Career Tech, Jackson County OSU, Vinton); AEP committed SB Energy will pay the $4.2B in transmission costs to avoid customer rate increases. Power flow expected 2029.", "sources": [ "https://woub.org/2026/04/13/data-centers-boost-appalachian-ohio-experts-say-complicated/", "https://sciotovalleyguardian.com/2026/03/20/piketon-set-to-become-ground-zero-for-new-energy-megasite/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/softbank-eyes-10gw-data-center-at-former-doe-nuclear-enrichment-site-in-ohio/", "https://www.10tv.com/article/news/local/boomtown-ohio/federal-officials-announce-data-center-power-plant-pike-county/530-e1c1c245-48f2-4512-82c0-234349b73705", "https://sciotovalleyguardian.com/2026/04/21/aep-ohio-proposes-50-mile-transmission-line-through-pike-jackson-and-gallia-counties-to-power-piketon-data-center/", { "url": "https://www.aep.com/news/stories/view/10823/", "title": "AEP three public meetings on transmission line" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "farmland", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Scrutinize what could be the country's largest data center in an economically distressed region", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "texas-house-state-affairs-hearing-tx-2026-04-09", "jurisdiction": "Texas (statewide)", "state": "TX", "county": null, "lat": 30.274, "lng": -97.74, "action_type": [ "legislation", "study_or_report" ], "date": "2026-04-09", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Texas House State Affairs Committee held follow-on data-center hearings April 13, 2026, continuing the five-hour April 9 hearing where ERCOT CEO Pablo Vegas testified that incoming businesses plan to pull 410,000 MW from the grid — about 7x more than new demand accommodated in 2024. 87% of new interconnection requests are data centers. ERCOT is creating a 'batch interconnection process' to prioritize requests. On April 16, 2026, additional hearings began digging into water use and other data center impacts ahead of the 2027 session. A draft of Texas' 2027 State Water Plan released the same day projected existing water supplies will decline ~10% (from 15.5 million to nearly 14 million acre-feet) from 2030-2080. Five separate committees received interim charges related to data centers from Speaker Burrows and Lt. Gov. Patrick.", "sources": [ "https://www.kut.org/energy-environment/2026-04-13/texas-data-centers-grid-ercot-legislature", "https://communityimpact.com/austin/round-rock/texas-legislature/2026/04/01/ercot-developers-detail-plans-to-manage-data-center-growth-amid-legislative-scrutiny/", "https://www.texaspolicyresearch.com/house-state-affairs-talks-data-centers-and-infrastructure/", "https://communityimpact.com/austin/central-austin/texas-legislature/2026/04/16/texas-legislators-begin-digging-into-water-use-other-data-center-impacts-ahead-of-2027-session/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Examine data center grid impact and regulatory framework", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "texas-tax-break-report-tx-2026-04-08", "jurisdiction": "Texas (statewide)", "state": "TX", "county": null, "lat": 30.274, "lng": -97.74, "action_type": [ "study_or_report" ], "date": "2026-04-08", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Texas Comptroller projections show the state's data center sales tax exemption now costs over $1.3 billion annually, with $3.2 billion in lost revenue projected over the next two years. This makes it potentially the largest data center tax incentive program in the nation. Lawmakers are considering proposals to limit, reduce, or repeal the tax break.", "sources": [ "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/04/08/texas-data-centers-sales-tax-break-billion-dollars/", "https://www.governing.com/finance/texas-data-center-tax-breaks-top-1-billion-a-year" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Quantify cost of data center sales tax exemption to Texas", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "hutto-tx-rezoning-2026-04-07", "jurisdiction": "Hutto", "state": "TX", "county": "Williamson County", "lat": 30.543, "lng": -97.546, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "zoning_restriction", "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2026-04-17", "status": "cancelled", "company": "Zydeco Development", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Hutto", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 70, "acreage": 40, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop the Hutto Data Center" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 17, 2026, Zydeco Development withdrew its rezoning application for a proposed 950,000-square-foot data center at the southeast corner of County Road 119 and Limmer Loop in Hutto, Texas, ahead of an April 20 special Hutto Planning and Zoning Commission meeting. The withdrawal followed organized community opposition through 'Stop the Hutto Data Center,' more than 30 opposition letters from nearby residents, formal protests, and city staff recommendation to deny. The project would have provided ~70MW of capacity.", "sources": [ "https://communityimpact.com/austin/pflugerville-hutto/development/2026/04/09/hutto-residents-air-concerns-over-proposed-data-center/", "https://www.kxan.com/news/local/hutto/proposed-hutto-data-center-faces-opposition-from-nearby-residents/", "https://www.kvue.com/article/news/local/williamson-county/hutto-data-center-resident-concerns/269-f1fcb072-1224-4b97-8c77-c02108eae987", "https://www.kut.org/energy-environment/2026-04-20/hutto-tx-zydeco-data-center-rezoning-request", "https://communityimpact.com/austin/pflugerville-hutto/government/2026/04/22/zydeco-development-withdraws-zoning-request-for-data-center-in-hutto/", "https://www.kxan.com/news/local/hutto/hutto-data-center-rezoning-request-withdrawn-by-developer/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose rezoning of 40 acres from apartments to data center", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "texas-water-transparency-tx-2026-04-10", "jurisdiction": "Texas (statewide)", "state": "TX", "county": null, "lat": 30.274, "lng": -97.74, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-04-10", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Texas lawmakers are demanding transparency on data center water usage. The state currently does not require data center operators to disclose projected water use or report actual consumption. Data center developers testified about closed-loop cooling systems, but critics note there's no verification mechanism. Legislation expected in the 2027 session.", "sources": [ "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/10042026/texas-data-center-developers-play-offense-on-water-claiming-huge-cuts-in-usage/", "https://www.envirolink.org/2026/04/11/texas-lawmakers-demand-transparency-on-data-center-water-usage-amid-statewide-shortages/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require data center water usage transparency and reporting", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "cochise-county-az-regulations-2026-04-07", "jurisdiction": "Cochise County", "state": "AZ", "county": "Cochise County", "lat": 31.879, "lng": -109.756, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-07", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Cochise County Board of Supervisors voted 3-0 on April 7, 2026 to adopt new data center regulations requiring special use authorization, noise impact analyses, water use plans, proof that power supply won't adversely impact existing users, and restrictions on using potable water for cooling. However, the Planning & Zoning Commission had voted 5-4 to recommend a 120-day moratorium, which the Board never took up because county staff said Arizona law's required findings could not be met. Many residents felt the moratorium better reflected their wishes.", "sources": [ "https://news.azpm.org/p/azpmnews/2026/4/10/229272-cochise-county-will-regulate-data-centers-but-some-residents-want-more/", "https://www.cochise.az.gov/m/newsflash/home/detail/415" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "noise", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Adopt data center regulations requiring special use authorization and water/noise impact plans", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "pima-county-project-blue-lawsuit-az-2026-04-13", "jurisdiction": "Pima County", "state": "AZ", "county": "Pima County", "lat": 32.222, "lng": -110.975, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-04-13", "status": "defeated", "company": "Beale Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Blue", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "No Desert Data Center Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 13, 2026, Pima County Superior Court Judge Brenden Griffin (Division 1) dismissed the No Desert Data Center Coalition's lawsuit (represented by the Arizona Center for Law in the Public Interest) against Pima County and its Planning and Zoning Commission over the Project Blue rezoning. Plaintiffs alleged county staff violated Arizona's open meeting law and deceived the public by failing to provide accurate notice, claiming the documentation included 'a single passing reference to a data center in fine print.' The complaint also alleged county staff 'secretly negotiated the sale of nearly 300 acres' between 2023 and 2025. The judge ruled the county did not violate open meeting law despite agenda gaps. Construction officially began at the site on April 24, 2026, with the No Desert Data Center Coalition organizing a protest as dozens attempted to block construction vehicles; deputies relocated protesters. May 13, 2026: Pima County DEQ cited Project Blue for air-quality (dust) violations, with fines up to $10,000/day.", "sources": [ "https://www.kjzz.org/fronteras-desk/2026-04-13/judge-dismisses-lawsuit-against-pima-county-over-project-blue-rezoning", "https://news.azpm.org/p/newsheadlines/2026/4/13/229275-pima-county-judge-tosses-lawsuit-over-project-blue-data-center-rezoning/", "https://news.azpm.org/p/azpmnews/2026/4/13/229275-pima-county-judge-tosses-lawsuit-over-project-blue-data-center-rezoning/", "https://news.azpm.org/p/newsheadlines/2026/4/24/229456-we-respect-the-workers-we-dont-respect-the-work-protesters-rally-against-project-blue-construction/", "https://azluminaria.org/2026/04/24/we-said-no-dozens-protest-as-construction-of-project-blue-data-center-begins/", "https://www.kold.com/2026/04/25/construction-begins-first-hyper-scale-data-center-pima-county/", "https://www.tucsonsentinel.com/local/report/051326_project_blue_dust/dust-busted-pima-county-cites-project-blue-air-quality-violations/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Challenge Project Blue rezoning for inadequate public notice", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "nv-energy-clean-energy-threat-nv-2026-04-09", "jurisdiction": "Nevada (statewide)", "state": "NV", "county": null, "lat": 36.175, "lng": -115.136, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation", "study_or_report" ], "date": "2026-04-09", "status": "active", "company": "NV Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "NV Energy publicly acknowledged it may not meet Nevada's 50% renewable power by 2030 mandate due to surging data center electricity demands. The utility says it needs three times the electricity required to power Las Vegas just for proposed data centers (15,600+ MW beyond existing capacity), and cannot do so without relying on fossil fuels. Democratic Assemblymember Howard Watts called the situation 'unacceptable' and wants data centers to bear clean energy development costs.", "sources": [ "https://fortune.com/2026/04/09/data-centers-are-destroying-states-clean-energy-dreams/", "https://knpr.org/environment/2026-04-09/nevada-is-one-state-struggling-to-meet-its-clean-energy-goals-data-centers-are-to-blame", "https://nevadacurrent.com/2026/03/26/lawmakers-in-driest-state-weigh-excessive-water-and-energy-needs-of-data-centers-they-court/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Address data center threat to Nevada's 50% renewable power mandate", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "colorado-springs-project-taurus-co-2026-04-07", "jurisdiction": "Colorado Springs", "state": "CO", "county": "El Paso County", "lat": 38.833, "lng": -104.821, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "other_opposition" ], "date": "2026-04-07", "status": "active", "company": "Raeden", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 100, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "A proposal called 'Project Taurus' to retrofit an old microchip manufacturing site on Garden of the Gods Road into an AI data center sparked massive community backlash. Around 180 people packed a community meeting on April 7, 2026, with the fire department intervening to split the crowd and dozens turned away. Residents raised concerns about noise/air pollution from cooling systems and backup diesel generators, water and energy consumption, and environmental impacts. The developer (Raeden, California-based) claims 60-100 permanent jobs.", "sources": [ "https://www.axios.com/local/colorado-springs/2026/04/09/data-center-opposition-colorado-springs", "https://www.cpr.org/2026/04/09/colorado-springs-proposed-data-center-backlash-public-meeting/", "https://www.koaa.com/news/local-news/proposed-garden-of-the-gods-data-center-sparks-heated-community-forum-on-colorado-springs-westside" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "noise", "water", "grid_energy", "community_impact", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Oppose 'Project Taurus' AI data center retrofit near Garden of the Gods", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "oklahoma-hb-299-nda-ok-2026-03", "jurisdiction": "Oklahoma (statewide)", "state": "OK", "county": null, "lat": 35.473, "lng": -97.517, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-01", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Oklahoma House voted 82-0 to pass HB 299, targeting non-disclosure agreements used by city officials when secretly negotiating with data center developers. Authored by Rep. Mike Dobrinski (R) and Sen. Darcy Jech (R), the bill aims to increase transparency in data center deals. Now in the Senate.", "sources": [ "https://www.okenergytoday.com/2026/03/state-house-supports-bill-to-stop-data-center-non-disclosure-agreements/", "https://www.okenergytoday.com/2026/01/data-center-non-disclosure-agreements-target-of-legislators-transparency-bill/", "https://www.okenergytoday.com/2026/04/data-center-bill-awaits-state-senate-vote/", "https://www.readfrontier.org/stories/from-limiting-tax-breaks-to-moratoriums-oklahoma-legislators-eye-new-rules-for-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Ban NDAs used by city officials when negotiating with data center developers", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "cheyenne-wy-annexation-2026-04-03", "jurisdiction": "Cheyenne", "state": "WY", "county": "Laramie County", "lat": 41.14, "lng": -104.82, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "date": "2026-04-03", "status": "pending", "company": "Meta, Related Digital, Crusoe, Tallgrass Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 2000, "megawatts": 2700, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Cheyenne, WY City Council Public Services Committee voted against the proposed annexation of land slated for a data center component on April 20, 2026. The committee's rejection is a significant setback for the annexation/data center proposal and a win for residents who organized against it.", "sources": [ "https://cowboystatedaily.com/2026/04/03/data-center-boom-powers-cheyennes-push-for-annexation/", "https://cowboystatedaily.com/2026/03/30/wyoming-chases-ai-data-center-boom-during-closed-door-jackson-summit/", "https://capcity.news/community/city/2026/04/13/sixth-penny-tax-1200-acre-annexation-on-cheyenne-council-agenda/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Manage data center boom through systematic annexation", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Meta': no primary source explicitly names the tenant for this project.", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "bonner-missoula-mt-krambu-2026-03-27", "jurisdiction": "Bonner (Missoula County)", "state": "MT", "county": "Missoula County", "lat": 46.875, "lng": -113.886, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-06-01", "status": "delayed", "company": "KRAMBU, Inc.", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 3, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "KRAMBU, an Idaho-based company, applied to install an AI data center at Bonner Mill Industrial Park at the confluence of the Clark Fork and Blackfoot rivers (the 'A River Runs Through It' location). Starting at 3 MW, expanding later. Uses closed-loop cooling with ~500 gallons/megawatt from on-site wells. Community response is 'generally negative,' shaped by earlier experience with a crypto mining operation. Over 100 residents attended a Q&A session. A Missoula County planner plans to schedule a Land Use Board hearing June 3. [Update 2026-06-22: UPDATE to the Krambu/Bonner data center fight in Missoula County. On June 1, 2026 county staff deemed Krambu's fifth special-exception application incomplete, determining more information was needed before public review could begin — continuing to stall the project. A citizen change.org petition opposing the permit, launched in April, has gathered nearly...]", "sources": [ "https://cowboystatedaily.com/2026/04/07/where-a-river-runs-through-it-inside-the-hunt-for-data-center-sites/", "https://www.mtpr.org/montana-news/2026-03-27/bonner-data-center-proposal-draws-concerns-over-noise-power-demands", "https://montanafreepress.org/2026/04/03/whats-next-for-the-proposed-bonner-data-center/", { "url": "https://montanafreepress.org/2026/06/18/how-some-montanans-are-taking-data-center-regulation-into-their-own-hands/", "title": "How some Montanans are taking data center regulation into their own hands — Montana Free Press" }, { "url": "https://missoulacountyvoice.com/bonner-data-center", "title": "Bonner Data Center — Missoula County Voice" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "water", "noise", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Evaluate AI data center proposal at Bonner Mill Industrial Park", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "fairfax-county-va-starwood-land-sale-2026-03-17", "jurisdiction": "Fairfax County", "state": "VA", "county": "Fairfax County", "lat": 38.8786, "lng": -77.4266, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-17", "status": "approved", "company": "Starwood Capital Group", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 167, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 41.7, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Virginia Sierra Club", "Save Bren Mar Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Fairfax County Board of Supervisors voted 9-0 on March 17, 2026 to sell 41.7 acres at 3721 Stonecroft Blvd (Chantilly police training facility) to Starwood Capital Group for $166.8M ($4M/acre, below recent market rates of $6-9M/acre). The county kept negotiations secret for 8 months. Environmental groups (Virginia Sierra Club, Save Bren Mar Coalition) raised concerns about 8,000+ approved diesel generators in western Fairfax County.", "sources": [ "https://www.ffxnow.com/2026/03/19/fairfax-county-oks-chantilly-land-sale-to-data-center-builder-as-some-cry-foul/", "https://wtop.com/fairfax-county/2026/03/environmental-groups-raise-concerns-about-possible-fairfax-co-land-sale-to-data-center-developer/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose secret land sale to data center developer in Fairfax County", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "york-county-va-zoning-2026-04-08", "jurisdiction": "York County", "state": "VA", "county": "York County", "lat": 37.2307, "lng": -76.5457, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-08", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "York County (Virginia) Planning Commission unanimously advanced data center zoning amendments to the Board of Supervisors on April 8, 2026. The amendments increase maximum building height to 75 feet (aligning with industrial zoning) and maintain Special Use Permit requirements. Public commenters raised concerns about noise, energy demands, and suggested environmental measures like rooftop solar.", "sources": [ "https://www.williamsburgindependent.com/p/data-center-rules-diverge-in-york-county-james-city-county", "https://www.williamsburgindependent.com/p/news-data-center-zoning-ordinance-comes-before-york-county-supervisors" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Establish data center zoning standards in York County VA", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "swain-county-nc-moratorium-2026-04-01", "jurisdiction": "Swain County", "state": "NC", "county": "Swain County", "lat": 35.4812, "lng": -83.4596, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-01", "status": "passed", "company": "Paces Technologies (inquiry)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Swain County held a packed public hearing on April 1, 2026 (the most crowded meeting ever in their building) with 30+ speakers over two hours — only one opposed the moratorium. Triggered by an email inquiry from Paces Technologies about zoning for a data center. On April 21, 2026, the Swain County Board of Commissioners unanimously passed a 12-month moratorium on new data center construction. Commissioners established two ad hoc committees of county residents to study a possible stricter, longer-term ordinance during the moratorium period.", "sources": [ "https://www.bpr.org/climate-environment/2026-04-01/swain-county-joins-the-list-of-wnc-communities-considering-a-temporary-ban-on-data-centers", "https://smokymountainnews.com/news/item/41144-swain-public-hearing-brings-moratorium-support-data-center-opposition", "https://www.bpr.org/climate-environment/2026-04-22/swain-county-unanimously-passes-data-center-moratorium" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pass 12-month data center moratorium in Swain County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "clyde-nc-moratorium-2026-04-16", "jurisdiction": "Town of Clyde", "state": "NC", "county": "Haywood County", "lat": 35.5334, "lng": -82.9182, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-16", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Town of Clyde, NC passed a one-year moratorium on data center development at its April 16, 2026 meeting following a public hearing. This follows neighboring Canton's similar moratorium and reflects a growing trend of proactive community action across Western North Carolina.", "sources": [ "https://wlos.com/news/local/new-data-center-moratorium-hearing-meeting-clyde-wnc-western-north-carolina-leaders-local-residents-town-leaders-crypto-ai-server-farms" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Pass data center moratorium in Town of Clyde", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "vance-county-nc-rezoning-2026-04-06", "jurisdiction": "Vance County", "state": "NC", "county": "Vance County", "lat": 36.3651, "lng": -78.4003, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-20", "status": "approved", "company": "Natelli Investments", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/urge-vance-county-board-to-vote-no-on-rezoning-for-the-data-center", "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "After a delayed April 6, 2026 vote and a unanimous April 12-13 planning board recommendation, the Vance County Board of Commissioners voted 6-1 on April 20, 2026 to approve a rezoning along U.S. 158 near Henderson that paves the way for a potential data center. The developer, Natelli Investments, has not officially confirmed the use, though it is the same firm that withdrew an Apex data center proposal. Commissioners declined to identify which individual members voted for or against, calling that 'not appropriate.' Residents opposed the rezoning.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/urge-vance-county-board-to-vote-no-on-rezoning-for-the-data-center", "https://www.wunc.org/environment/2026-04-10/opposition-to-data-centers-is-catching-a-fire-across-north-carolina-spurring-political-challenges", "https://www.wral.com/news/local/vance-county-board-approves-rezoning-potential-data-center-development-april-2026/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/officials-in-north-carolina-county-give-ok-for-rezoning-potential-data-center-incoming/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Block data center rezoning in Vance County", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "nc-statewide-opposition-convening-2026-03-25", "jurisdiction": "North Carolina (statewide convening)", "state": "NC", "county": "Guilford County", "lat": 36.0726, "lng": -79.792, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "date": "2026-03-25", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Clean Water for North Carolina", "NC Environmental Justice Network", "Southern Environmental Law Center" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Over 60 members from nonprofit advocacy organizations and community groups gathered in Greensboro on March 25, 2026 for the North Carolina Data Center Convening to develop statewide strategy on pushing back against data centers, demanding health safeguards, moratoriums, and community benefits. About a dozen NC jurisdictions have passed or are poised to pass moratoriums. WUNC/NPR reported that opposition to data centers 'is catching a fire across North Carolina.'", "sources": [ "https://www.northcarolinahealthnews.org/2026/03/25/nc-communities-push-back-ai-data-centers-project-delta-lawsuit/", "https://www.wunc.org/environment/2026-04-10/opposition-to-data-centers-is-catching-a-fire-across-north-carolina-spurring-political-challenges" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "Coordinate statewide opposition to data centers in North Carolina", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "amazon-mississippi-expansion-ms-2026-04-09", "jurisdiction": "Mississippi (statewide Amazon expansion)", "state": "MS", "county": "Madison County", "lat": 32.4637, "lng": -90.1148, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-04-09", "status": "active", "company": "Amazon", "hyperscaler": "Amazon", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 25000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 9, 2026, Amazon announced an additional $12 billion Mississippi data center investment, split between an $11 billion expansion in Madison County (700 new jobs) and a new $1 billion campus in Clinton (100 new jobs) retrofitting the former Delphi Corporation plant. Combined with the prior $10 billion in Madison and $3 billion in Vicksburg/Warren County announced November 2025, Amazon's total Mississippi commitment now reaches $25 billion with roughly 2,000 jobs. The expansion is paired with Entergy Mississippi's 'Superpower Mississippi' initiative, including approximately $300 million in grid modernization. The scale increases scrutiny from community groups concerned about water, power, jobs, and environmental impacts across the state.", "sources": [ "https://mississippitoday.org/2026/04/09/data-centers-amazon-investments/", "https://magnoliatribune.com/2026/04/09/amazon-investing-another-12-billion-in-central-mississippi/", "https://governorreeves.ms.gov/amazon-continues-mississippi-expansion-announcing-plans-to-invest-a-total-of-25-billion-across-the-magnolia-state/", "https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/company-news/amazon-25-billion-mississippi-data-centers" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Monitor Amazon's $25B data center expansion across Mississippi", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "rocky-top-tn-zoning-2026-04", "jurisdiction": "City of Rocky Top", "state": "TN", "county": "Anderson County", "lat": 36.2173, "lng": -84.1547, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-01", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Rocky Top, TN: Ordinance 620 (data center zoning restrictions) second reading was NOT held on April 16, 2026 as previously scheduled. Mayor Templin confirmed the vote has been moved to May 2026. The ordinance remains pending. The delay provides additional time for community comment and council deliberation.", "sources": [ "https://www.wbir.com/article/news/local/rocky-top-regulate-location-of-any-future-ai-data-centers-in-city/51-d109d822-3a2d-4c45-bc0d-e30b3065b70f", "https://www.wyshradio.com/2026/04/data-centers-will-be-allowed-in-rocky-top/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Restrict data centers to industrial zones in Rocky Top", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "arkansas-statewide-regulation-bills-2026-04-08", "jurisdiction": "Arkansas (statewide)", "state": "AR", "county": null, "lat": 34.7465, "lng": -92.2896, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-04-08", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "State Sen. Bryan King (R-Green Forest) filed five bills on April 8, 2026 aimed at regulating data centers in Arkansas: public notice requirements, electricity usage monitoring, groundwater protection, and more. This is an uphill fight in a state that has been generally welcoming to data center investment ($12B+ in projects planned/underway in Clarksville, Conway, Little Rock, West Memphis, AVAIO). On April 22, 2026, the Arkansas Senate rejected all six resolutions filed by Sen. Bryan King to amend the Arkansas Data Centers Act of 2023. The proposals would have given local governments authority to regulate crypto mines, required cryptocurrency businesses to pay fees for excessive electricity use, banned foreign-manufactured computers in crypto mining, required money-transmitter licensing, mandated six months' advance notice before establishing mines, and required the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission to monitor water usage. Because the legislature was in fiscal session, non-appropriations measures required a two-thirds (24-vote) supermajority. Two of King's resolutions were approved to be filed as non-appropriation bills, but none advanced to passage.", "sources": [ "https://arktimes.com/arkansas-blog/2026/04/08/outsider-republican-carries-on-the-uphill-battle-to-regulate-data-centers", "https://arkansasadvocate.com/2026/04/13/crypto-mining-regulations-school-voucher-changes-could-be-debated-during-fiscal-session/", "https://trackingarkansas.substack.com/p/policy-briefing-the-rest-of-kings-89d", "https://www.thv11.com/article/news/local/little-rock/arkansas-senate-data-center-regulation-proposal/91-657c7486-bdf5-4202-b2aa-25fed44b5639", "https://senate.arkansas.gov/senate-news/posts/2026/april/media-release-from-senator-king-on-his-county-equalization-turnback-resolution/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Regulate data centers in Arkansas via five bills (public notice, electricity, groundwater)", "community_outcome": "loss", "sponsors": [ "Sen. Bryan King (R-AR)" ] }, { "id": "bangor-me-moratorium-2026-04", "jurisdiction": "Bangor", "state": "ME", "county": "Penobscot County", "lat": 44.8016, "lng": -68.7712, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-13", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Bangor city councilors unanimously passed a six-month moratorium on data center construction on April 13, 2026. The freeze gives the city time to adjust its Land Development Code before considering proposals.", "sources": [ "https://www.bangordailynews.com/2026/04/06/bangor/bangor-government/bangor-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.govtech.com/artificial-intelligence/can-bangor-maine-pause-construction-of-data-centers" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Six-month moratorium on data center construction to update Land Development Code", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "east-greenwich-township-nj-2026-04", "jurisdiction": "East Greenwich Township", "state": "NJ", "county": "Gloucester County", "lat": 39.7887, "lng": -75.2207, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "pending", "company": "American Tower Corporation", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 6, "building_sq_ft": 17000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://actionnetwork.org/petitions/stop-east-greenwich-data-center", "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "American Tower proposes a 17,000 sq ft unmanned data storage facility on a 6-acre lot at 114 Mantua Road, adjacent to Oak Ridge residential development. Residents organizing in advance of April 21 hearing, citing concerns about 24/7 noise (up to 104 dB from generators), water use from cooling systems, diesel generators, and proximity to homes (50 feet) and a playground (500 feet). UPDATE 2026-04-21: April 21 hearing scheduled for 7 PM; outcome not yet reported. Organized opposition (Third Act, Action Network petition) mobilizing residents.", "sources": [ "https://actionnetwork.org/petitions/stop-east-greenwich-data-center", "https://www.scottkompa.com/blog/data-center-east-greenwich-nj/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "noise", "zoning", "water" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Block American Tower data storage facility near residential neighborhood", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "nj-nuclear-moratorium-lifted-2026-04-08", "jurisdiction": "New Jersey (statewide)", "state": "NJ", "county": "", "lat": 40.0583, "lng": -74.4057, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-04-08", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Governor Sherrill signed legislation on April 8, 2026 lifting New Jersey's ~40-year de facto moratorium on new nuclear power plants. While the law itself is about nuclear energy policy, it was motivated in part by rising electricity prices driven by data center demand — NJ residential electric bills rose ~20% in 2025, with data centers accounting for ~70% of new power demand. NJ is the second state in 2026 (after Illinois) to lift its nuclear moratorium.", "sources": [ "https://www.nj.gov/governor/news/2026/approved/20260408a.shtml", "https://newjerseymonitor.com/2026/04/08/sherrill-new-nuclear-power-plans/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Lift ban on new nuclear power plant construction to address growing data center energy demand", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "pennfuture-moratorium-report-pa-2026-03-25", "jurisdiction": "Pennsylvania (statewide)", "state": "PA", "county": "", "lat": 40.2732, "lng": -76.8867, "action_type": [ "study_or_report" ], "date": "2026-03-25", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "PennFuture" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "PennFuture released a comprehensive report calling for a statewide moratorium on data center development until strict siting, water usage, and clean energy policies are adopted. Cited Article I, Section 27 of PA Constitution (right to clean air and pure water). Notes 20+ hyperscale facilities proposed statewide.", "sources": [ "https://www.wesa.fm/environment-energy/2026-03-25/pennfuture-data-centers-moratorium", "https://www.chestercounty.com/2026/03/26/567931/comprehensive-report-lays-out-case-for-data-center-moratorium-in-pa-" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "Call for statewide moratorium on data center development until environmental protections adopted", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "lowhill-township-lehigh-county-pa-2026-04-08", "jurisdiction": "Lowhill Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Lehigh County", "lat": 40.6208, "lng": -75.6143, "action_type": [ "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-04-08", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Board of Supervisors adopted data center regulations titled 'Digital Infrastructure Facility,' permitting data centers as conditional use in the Regional Use Overlay 2 district. Includes setback, noise, height, water, and electrical demand regulations. Requires electrical utility impact and water feasibility studies.", "sources": [ "https://www.wfmz.com/news/area/lehighvalley/lehigh-county/northern-lehigh-county/lowhill-township-establishes-zoning-requirements-for-data-centers/article_8fea69d6-a0dc-4a62-a1ab-11c9089fabe9.html", "https://www.lehighvalleynews.com/local-news/lehigh-valley-lining-up-to-regulate-data-centers-with-proposals-rolling-in", "https://pennfuture.org/post/DATA-CENTER-2026-LEGISLATION-DEBRIEF" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Establish conditional use zoning requirements for data centers", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "montgomery-county-ordinance-guide-pa-2026-04", "jurisdiction": "Montgomery County", "state": "PA", "county": "Montgomery County", "lat": 40.2116, "lng": -75.3624, "action_type": [ "study_or_report" ], "date": "2026-04-01", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Montgomery County Planning Commission released Data Center Ordinance Guide Version 1.0, providing model conditional use provisions for municipalities. Addresses facilities over 100,000 sq ft. Includes noise study requirements and recommends concurrent conditional use and preliminary land development applications.", "sources": [ "https://chestercountyengineers.org/news/events/planning-for-the-digital-backbone-a-practical-guide-to-data-center-ordinances-for-engineers/", "https://www.chescoplanning.org/UandI/DataCenters/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Provide model data center ordinance for county municipalities", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "maryland-piedmont-reliability-project-md-2026-04-06", "jurisdiction": "Frederick / Carroll / Baltimore Counties", "state": "MD", "county": "Frederick County", "lat": 39.4143, "lng": -77.4105, "action_type": [ "infrastructure_opposition" ], "date": "2026-04-06", "status": "delayed", "company": "PSEG", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop MPRP" ], "opposition_website": "https://stopmprp.com/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Maryland's PPRP recommended a new October deadline for PSEG to complete its application for the controversial 67-mile transmission line across three counties. Opponents believe the powerline primarily serves Virginia data centers. PSC will not rule until 2027. A proposed reroute could connect directly to Virginia's high-voltage data center corridor.", "sources": [ "https://www.wypr.org/wypr-news/2026-04-06/new-application-deadline-sought-for-maryland-piedmont-reliability-project", "https://stopmprp.com/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-13", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Delay and oppose 67-mile transmission line serving data center demand", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "smithfield-ri-ban-2026-04", "jurisdiction": "Smithfield", "state": "RI", "county": "Providence County", "lat": 41.9221, "lng": -71.549, "action_type": [ "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-04-01", "status": "pending", "company": "Revity Energy / Hanton City Investments", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Smithfield Planning Board voted on April 13, 2026 to advance a data center ban, giving a positive recommendation to the Town Council. The Town Council vote is scheduled for May 5, 2026. Target of the ban is Revity Energy's proposed data center business park on several hundred acres behind the Fidelity campus. Smithfield currently lacks any data center ordinance, meaning uses not explicitly allowed are prohibited. UPDATE 2026-04-21: Planning Board issued a positive recommendation on April 13, 2026. Town Council vote scheduled for May 5, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://pbn.com/as-smithfield-moves-to-ban-data-centers-lawmakers-debate-how-to-define-them/", "https://rhodeislandcurrent.com/2026/04/13/as-smithfield-moves-to-ban-data-centers-smith-hill-is-still-debating-how-to-define-them/" ], "data_source": "web_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Ban data center development in Smithfield", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "federal-hr-8033-landsman-no-harm-data-centers-act-2026", "jurisdiction": "Federal (H.R. 8033 No Harm in Data Centers Act)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": null, "lng": null, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-03-20", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "H.R. 8033 No Harm in Data Centers Act", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Rep. Greg Landsman (D-OH) introduced H.R. 8033, the No Harm in Data Centers Act, on March 20, 2026, and the bill was referred to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce. The bill applies to data centers with peak demand of 50 MW or more. It directs FERC and state regulators to ensure large-load customers pay the full incremental costs of their electricity service, mandates an environmental impact study, and bans non-disclosure agreements between elected officials and data center developers. The bill gained renewed media attention in mid-April 2026 following the EIA reporting commitment and growing national coverage of data center rate-shifting.", "sources": [ "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/8033", "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/8033/all-info", "https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/119/hr8033" ], "data_source": "manual", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "federal", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Prohibit data center operators from shifting energy and infrastructure costs to residential ratepayers.", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "franklin-ky-second-lawsuit-2026-04-14", "jurisdiction": "Franklin (Simpson County)", "state": "KY", "county": "Simpson County", "lat": 36.72, "lng": -86.58, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-04-14", "status": "active", "company": "TenKey LandCo I LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Franklin data center (TenKey)", "investment_million_usd": 5000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 200, "building_sq_ft": 600000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Franklin Citizens for Responsible Development" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Franklin Citizens for Responsible Development filed a second lawsuit on April 14, 2026, this one against the City of Franklin Planning and Zoning Commission, challenging the preliminary development plan approval for TenKey LandCo's proposed ~$5B data center on 200 acres near Exit 2 of I-65. This follows an earlier lawsuit against Simpson County (hearing April 13). Plans include three 200,000 sq ft buildings ($1.6B per facility). The opposition group alleges procedural violations in the P&Z approval.", "sources": [ "https://www.wkyufm.org/news/2026-04-14/second-lawsuit-filed-over-proposed-data-center-in-simpson-county", "https://bgdailynews.com/2026/04/15/rulings-to-come-in-data-center-suit/", "https://www.franklinfavorite.com/russellville/russellville/news/article_91f3b170-14b7-54a0-a602-9819af557f7c.html" ], "data_source": "manual", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Block preliminary development plan approval for TenKey $5B data center via procedural legal challenge.", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "federal-eia-mandatory-data-center-energy-reporting-2026-04-09", "jurisdiction": "Federal (EIA mandatory data center reporting)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": null, "lng": null, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "utility_regulation" ], "date": "2026-04-09", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "EIA mandatory data center energy reporting commitment", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Federal EIA mandatory data center energy reporting rule: Originally announced April 9, 2026. EIA reaffirmed the rulemaking on April 15, 2026 (TechCrunch coverage) and April 21, 2026 (New York Report). The formal rule will come AFTER EIA's September 2026 pilot concludes. The rule will require data centers to report energy consumption to EIA on an ongoing basis — a major transparency win for researchers, ratepayers, and state regulators. [Validation 2026-06-21: status -> 'pending' per https://techcrunch.com/2026/04/15/feds-will-require-data-centers-to-show-their-power-bills/.]", "sources": [ "https://techcrunch.com/2026/04/15/feds-will-require-data-centers-to-show-their-power-bills/", "https://www.warren.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/warren-hawley-lead-bipartisan-push-for-mandatory-energy-use-reporting-requirements-for-data-centers", "https://dailyenergyinsider.com/news/51676-u-s-senators-press-for-mandatory-data-center-energy-reporting/" ], "data_source": "manual", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "federal", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "Establish mandatory annual energy reporting requirements for data centers and large energy consumers nationwide.", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "ravenna-oh-moratorium-2026-04", "jurisdiction": "Ravenna", "state": "OH", "county": "Portage County", "lat": 41.1573, "lng": -81.2415, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-10", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Ravenna, OH City Council held a special meeting on April 20, 2026 that advanced a 12-month data center moratorium. The second reading and public hearing are scheduled for May 18, 2026. The moratorium would pause new data center applications for one year to allow the city to develop zoning and permitting standards.", "sources": [ "https://theportager.com/ravenna-city-council-rushes-to-block-potential-data-center-proposal", "https://www.aol.com/articles/ravenna-shalersville-limit-data-centers-130003334.html", "https://www.wnir.com/2026/04/15/data-center-ban/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Pause data centers in Ravenna pending zoning and grid study", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "shawnee-township-allen-county-oh-moratorium-2026-04", "jurisdiction": "Shawnee Township (Allen County)", "state": "OH", "county": "Allen County", "lat": 40.6848, "lng": -84.1363, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-13", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Shawnee Township trustees (Allen County, Ohio) enacted an 18-month moratorium on April 13, 2026 covering data centers, battery energy storage systems (BESS), and utility-scale solar. The sweeping pause is intended to give the township time to develop zoning standards amid rapid energy infrastructure buildout in the Lima/Allen County area, where Google's Bistrozzi LLC is also facing opposition over a 200-acre, 115-diesel-generator data center.", "sources": [ "https://www.hometownstations.com/news/allen_county/shawnee-township-approves-18-month-moratorium-on-data-centers-energy-projects/article_431ac6ec-8564-4865-9b2f-a243d933bf4d.html" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Pause data centers, BESS, and solar in Shawnee Township for 18 months", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "botkins-oh-ban-2026-04", "jurisdiction": "Botkins", "state": "OH", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 40.4676, "lng": -84.1805, "action_type": [ "legislation", "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-04-14", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Village of Botkins, Ohio held the first reading of legislation to ban data center development during the week of April 13, 2026. If adopted, it would be one of the first outright bans (rather than moratoriums) in Ohio's current wave of data center pushback.", "sources": [ "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-april-16-2026/", "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/blog/mon-04062026-1124am/data-center-controversies-continue-ohio" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Ban data center development in the Village of Botkins", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "dekalb-county-in-auburn-moratorium-2026-04", "jurisdiction": "DeKalb County (Auburn)", "state": "IN", "county": "DeKalb County", "lat": 41.3669, "lng": -85.0592, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-14", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The DeKalb County, Indiana Plan Commission recommended a 6-month data center moratorium on April 14, 2026, sending the measure to the County Commissioners for final action. The recommendation is aimed at giving the county time to draft zoning standards ahead of any speculative data center proposals near Auburn.", "sources": [ "https://www.kpcnews.com/thestar/article_a68d5dcb-09aa-46bf-9158-a17661e990e6.html", "https://www.fwbusiness.com/news/article_d485f49a-350b-5590-b151-7bb11f8d0e46.html" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Pause data centers in DeKalb County, Indiana for 6 months", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "new-buffalo-township-mi-moratorium-2026-04", "jurisdiction": "New Buffalo Township", "state": "MI", "county": "Berrien County", "lat": 41.7939, "lng": -86.7311, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-08", "status": "passed", "company": "Project Maize investment group", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Maize", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "New Buffalo Township, Michigan (Berrien County) passed a 1-year data center moratorium on April 8, 2026, blocking an investment group's 'Project Maize' data center proposal and giving the township time to develop zoning standards. Part of the broader Michigan trend of at least 19 townships pausing data centers amid uncertainty about SB 761-763 and state-level preemption risk.", "sources": [ "https://www.heraldpalladium.com/communities/new_buffalo/new-buffalo-township-moves-to-pause-data-centers/article_ae807e06-310b-5d6e-a346-f4952041d0a6.html", "https://www.wndu.com/2026/04/17/new-buffalo-township-pauses-data-center-development-one-year/", "https://www.harborcountry-news.com/news/new-buffalo-township-moves-to-pause-data-centers/article_c168fca1-853e-5cd6-a357-e6d876ac80b5.html" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Block Project Maize data center in New Buffalo Township for 1 year", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "detroit-mi-zoning-working-group-2026-04", "jurisdiction": "Detroit (zoning working group)", "state": "MI", "county": "Wayne County", "lat": 42.3314, "lng": -83.0458, "action_type": [ "study_or_report", "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-14", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Michigan Economic Development Responsibility Alliance", "Michigan Sierra Club" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Following the Detroit City Council's March 18, 2026 resolution requesting a two-year data center permitting pause, the city convened a zoning policy working group in mid-April 2026 to draft data-center-specific zoning, environmental, and grid standards. The working group is a follow-on to District 3 Council Member Scott Benson's resolution and responds to concerns about grid stability, water use, noise pollution, and land use.", "sources": [ "https://www.bridgedetroit.com/detroit-convenes-working-group-for-data-center-zoning-policy/", "https://wdet.org/2026/04/16/the-metro-detroit-is-trying-to-write-the-rules-before-big-tech-moves-in/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Draft data center zoning, grid, and environmental standards in Detroit", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "caledonia-wi-balch-election-2026-04-07", "jurisdiction": "Village of Caledonia (trustee election)", "state": "WI", "county": "Racine County", "lat": 42.7978, "lng": -87.8762, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "date": "2026-04-07", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Project Nova" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.nodata.center/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Prescott Balch, an explicitly anti-data-center candidate, was elected Village of Caledonia trustee on April 7, 2026, cementing anti-data-center representation on the village board after Microsoft canceled its 244-acre, 900 MW 'Project Nova' data center in October 2025 under community pressure. The election signals continued political momentum against data-center siting in Racine County.", "sources": [ "https://racinecountyeye.com/2026/04/07/caledonia-vote-results-april-2026/", "https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/04/13/caledonia--data-center--election--wisconsin-", "https://ballotpedia.org/Prescott_Balch_(Caledonia_Village_Trustee_District_2,_Wisconsin,_candidate_2026)" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "voters", "objective": "Elect anti-data-center trustee Prescott Balch in Caledonia", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "otoe-county-ne-moratorium-2026-04", "jurisdiction": "Otoe County", "state": "NE", "county": "Otoe County", "lat": 40.6505, "lng": -96.1372, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-05-19", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 16, 2026, the Otoe County Planning Commission voted to recommend a moratorium on data center construction in the county. Resident Wynne Benedict cited environmental and health impacts, while economic development representative Lisa Walker warned the moratorium signals the county is 'closed or unwelcoming.' The recommendation now moves to the Otoe County Board of Commissioners for final approval. RESOLVED May 19, 2026: Otoe County approved a moratorium pausing new data centers for up to one year amid local opposition. On May 21, 2026, the Otoe County Board voted to suspend permits for new data centers for up to one year, tied to a reported Google/Tenaska 1,000-3,000 MW project in southeast Nebraska (Tenaska optioned 1,454 acres). Gage County set a P&Z moratorium hearing for June and Madison County added special-permit requirements in May.", "sources": [ "https://www.1011now.com/2026/04/17/otoe-county-planning-commission-recommends-data-center-moratorium/", "https://goodjobsfirst.org/data-center-moratorium-bills-are-spreading-in-2026/", { "url": "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-may-19-2026/", "title": "Data Centers daily notes May 19 2026 (Otoe County)" }, { "url": "https://flatwaterfreepress.org/a-nebraska-county-just-banned-new-data-centers-for-up-to-a-year-more-could-follow/", "title": "A Nebraska county just banned new data centers for up to a year" } ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Pause data centers in Otoe County pending zoning standards", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "cameron-county-tx-resolution-2026-04-07", "jurisdiction": "Cameron County (resolution on unregulated data centers)", "state": "TX", "county": "Cameron County", "lat": 26.1525, "lng": -97.4956, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-04-07", "status": "passed", "company": "Eneus Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "RGV Data Center (Harlingen)", "investment_million_usd": 14000, "megawatts": 2000, "acreage": 1785, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 4600000, "jobs_promised": 360, "opposition_groups": [ "South Texas Environmental Justice Network" ], "opposition_website": "https://sotxejn.org/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Cameron County Commissioners' Court adopted a resolution on April 7, 2026 opposing unregulated data center development in the county, targeting Eneus Energy's proposed $14B RGV Data Center near Harlingen's Valley International Airport. The resolution urges state and regulatory agencies to require reporting of anticipated electricity demand, water usage, and infrastructure impacts before approval, and calls for independent impact assessments. County Judge Eddie Trevino acknowledged the county's authority is limited when businesses comply with existing permitting.", "sources": [ "https://myrgv.com/local-news/2026/04/09/cameron-county-calls-for-long-term-planning-on-proposed-data-centers/", "https://www.rgvbusinessjournal.com/news/08/04/2026/cameron-county-draws-a-line-on-data-centers-but-lacks-the-power-to-stop-them/", "https://www.krgv.com/news/cameron-county-sets-safeguards-for-data-centers-to-protect-electric-grid" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "transparency", "water", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Oppose unregulated data centers and demand impact disclosures in Cameron County", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "elbert-county-co-puc-power-pathway-override-2026-04-15", "jurisdiction": "Elbert County (Xcel Power Pathway)", "state": "CO", "county": "Elbert County", "lat": 39.2837, "lng": -104.1367, "action_type": [ "infrastructure_opposition", "utility_regulation" ], "date": "2026-04-10", "status": "approved", "company": "Xcel Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Power Pathway", "investment_million_usd": 1700, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Elbert County residents", "Elbert County Board of Commissioners" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Colorado Public Utilities Commission voted 3-0 on April 15, 2026 to override Elbert County's permit denials for Xcel Energy's $1.7B Power Pathway transmission line, a key grid upgrade tied to Front Range data-center and renewables growth. Elbert County had repeatedly denied local permits over land-use, aesthetic, and community-impact concerns. As a partial concession, the PUC order directed Xcel to pay a $2.5 million impact fee to the county. Community outcome is mixed: state regulators overrode local opposition, but imposed a financial mitigation payment.", "sources": [ "https://coloradosun.com/2026/04/15/power-pathway-elbert-el-paso-puc-transmission-electricity/", "https://www.9news.com/article/money/consumer/colorado-regulators-elbert-county-approve-xcel-energy-power-pathway/73-a5621c10-1a05-4c91-8b1f-d26ab6f4477f", "https://rockymountainvoice.com/2026/04/15/colorado-regulators-override-local-denial-to-advance-renewable-energy-grid/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "community_impact", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Block Xcel Power Pathway transmission line through Elbert County", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "washington-state-utc-data-center-review-2026-04", "jurisdiction": "Washington State (UTC data center review)", "state": "WA", "county": null, "lat": 47.0379, "lng": -122.9007, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation", "study_or_report" ], "date": "2026-04-01", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission (UTC) opened a review in April 2026 of how utilities should allocate data-center-driven grid costs, modeled partly on Oregon's and Oklahoma's ratepayer-protection efforts. The stakeholder reply-comment deadline is April 21, 2026, and a UTC-hosted workshop is scheduled for April 27, 2026. UTC staff anticipate a 6-8 month review before any formal tariff or policy order. The review is expected to shape tariff structures for large-load customers statewide.", "sources": [ "https://www.khq.com/news/state-of-washington-opens-new-review-of-big-power-users-as-data-center-demand-grows/article_b9e659b2-2f81-42d5-8089-c9c637fb5563.html", "https://www.dwt.com/blogs/energy--environmental-law-blog/2026/03/washington-legislature-delays-data-center-bill" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Review data center cost allocation and tariff structure statewide in Washington", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "virginia-statewide-wapo-schar-poll-va-2026-04-15", "jurisdiction": "Virginia (statewide)", "state": "VA", "county": null, "lat": 37.5647, "lng": -77.412, "action_type": [ "study_or_report" ], "date": "2026-04-15", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Washington Post-Schar School Poll", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition", "Piedmont Environmental Council" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.pecva.org/datacenters", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "A Washington Post-Schar School poll of Virginia registered voters released April 15, 2026 found that support for data center development in Virginia has COLLAPSED from 69% in 2022 to 35% in April 2026, with majorities now citing concerns about electricity rates, water use, and community character. The poll validates the arguments of the Virginia Data Center Reform Coalition and Piedmont Environmental Council and is expected to shape the 2027 legislative session.", "sources": [ "https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2026/04/15/data-centers-poll-virginia/", "https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/virginia-voter-support-for-new-data-centers-collapses-to-35-percent", "https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2026/apr/15/in-this-us-hot-spot-for-data-centers-voters-have-t/" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Document collapsing statewide support for data centers in Virginia", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "other", "note": "Merged duplicate entry 'virginia-wapo-schar-poll-va-2026-04-15' into this entry during validation (sources combined).", "added": "2026-06-17" } ] }, { "id": "south-carolina-statewide-moratorium-h-5526-sc-2026-04-14", "jurisdiction": "South Carolina (statewide moratorium H 5526)", "state": "SC", "county": "Richland County", "lat": 34.0007, "lng": -81.0348, "action_type": [ "legislation", "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-14", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "H 5526", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "South Carolina Community Rights Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "South Carolina H 5526, introduced by Rep. Steven Long (R), would impose a statewide moratorium on new data center permits, approvals, and incentives pending the adoption of comprehensive regulations. The bill was referred to the House Ways and Means Committee on April 14, 2026. It joins the earlier H 5286 (Hager) as a second statewide moratorium vehicle following escalating opposition in Marion, Colleton, York, and Cherokee counties. UPDATE 2026-04-21: H5526 was referred to the House Ways and Means Committee on April 14, 2026. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: Did not advance before South Carolina's regular session adjourned May 14, 2026 (carryover possible in the 2-year biennium). The SC Senate did pass budget provisos requiring annual data center water-use reporting ($10k/day penalty) and an economic-incentive moratorium.", "sources": [ "https://legiscan.com/SC/bill/H5526/2026", "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/sess126_2025-2026/bills/5526.htm" ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "tax_incentive", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Block data center permits statewide pending new SC regulations via H 5526", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "southaven-xai-naacp-federal-lawsuit-ms-2026-04-14", "jurisdiction": "Southaven (NAACP federal Clean Air Act lawsuit)", "state": "MS", "county": "DeSoto County", "lat": 34.9689, "lng": -89.9978, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-06-15", "status": "pending", "company": "xAI / MZX Tech LLC", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 2", "investment_million_usd": 20000, "megawatts": 495, "acreage": 114, "building_sq_ft": 810000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 1300000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "NAACP", "Southern Environmental Law Center", "Earthjustice", "Safe and Sound Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://safeandsound.info", "opposition_facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/people/Safe-and-Sound-Coalition/61587372716516/", "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 900, "summary": "On April 14, 2026, the NAACP — represented by the Southern Environmental Law Center and Earthjustice — filed a federal Clean Air Act lawsuit against xAI and subsidiary MZX Tech LLC in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Mississippi. The complaint seeks statutory penalties of up to $124,400 per day for operating 27 unpermitted natural gas turbines at the Southaven facility, the largest industrial NOx source in the 11-county Memphis metro. This is a separate action from the February 2026 notice of intent and the April 9 state permit appeal. UPDATE 2026-04-21: Filing details confirmed — Earthjustice and SELC serving as counsel. Plaintiffs allege 1,700+ tons/yr NOx, 180 tons PM2.5, 500 tons CO, and 19 tons formaldehyde emissions. Suit seeks BACT requirements and per-day penalties. As of early June, the DOJ has signaled it may intervene on xAI's side, citing the U.S.'s interest in Clean Air Act interpretation and AI promotion; its deadline to decide is June 15. No ruling on the NAACP/SELC/Earthjustice emergency injunction motion had issued as of June 7. The court has set an August 2026 hearing on both the NAACP's preliminary-injunction motion and xAI's motion to dismiss — so no ruling before late summer. The alleged count of unpermitted gas turbines grew from 33 (mid-April) to 46 (May). The DOJ has signaled it may intervene on xAI's side (citing the U.S. interest in AI promotion) with a June 15 deadline to decide. On June 15, 2026 the DOJ filed a statement of interest joining xAI and Mississippi in urging dismissal of the NAACP's Clean Air Act suit over unpermitted methane turbines at Colossus 2, and opposing the preliminary-injunction motion — arguing the suit 'threatens American national, economic, and energy security' and that Grok supports Department of War operations. The federal government is affirmatively siding with the hyperscaler against a community suit. [Update 2026-06-22: On Monday June 15, 2026, the U.S. Department of Justice's Environment and Natural Resources Division filed a 33-page motion/memorandum in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Mississippi (Case No. 3:26-cv-00074-DMB-JMV, Judge Debra Brown, Oxford Division) urging dismissal of the NAACP's Clean Air Act citizen suit against xAI and its...]", "sources": [ "https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/xai-sued-for-illegal-power-plant", "https://www.selc.org/press-release/civil-rights-group-sues-xai-for-illegal-pollution-from-data-center-power-plant/", "https://www.wsmv.com/2026/04/14/naacp-sues-xai-alleging-unlawful-operation-gas-turbines-southaven/", "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/04/14/elon-musk-xai-memphis-data-centers.html", "https://mississippitoday.org/2026/04/15/data-center-turbines-southaven/", { "url": "https://www.utilitydive.com/news/doj-may-intervene-in-naacp-lawsuit-over-xais-data-center-gas-turbines/820363/", "title": "DOJ may intervene in NAACP lawsuit over xAI gas turbines" }, { "url": "https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/naacp-asks-court-for-emergency-action-to-stop-illegal-air-pollution-from-xais-data-center-power-plant", "title": "NAACP asks court for emergency action on xAI pollution" }, { "url": "https://mississippitoday.org/2026/05/25/elon-musk-xai-dater-center-mississippi/", "title": "DOJ may intervene in lawsuit over xAI turbines in Mississippi" }, { "url": "https://www.esgdive.com/news/doj-may-intervene-in-naacp-lawsuit-over-xais-data-center-gas-turbines/820607/", "title": "DOJ may intervene in NAACP lawsuit over xAI gas turbines" }, { "url": "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/06/16/usdepartment-of-justice-calls-for-dismissal-of-naacp-xai-lawsuit-.html", "title": "DOJ assists Musk's xAI in NAACP air pollution suit, asks court to toss case — CNBC" }, { "url": "https://www.utilitydive.com/news/doj-intervenes-xai-data-center-gas-turbine-lawsuit/823267/", "title": "DOJ intervenes on behalf of xAI in data center gas turbine lawsuit — Utility Dive" }, { "url": "https://earth.org/trump-administration-seeks-dismissal-of-lawsuit-against-elon-musks-ai-data-center-near-memphis/", "title": "Trump Administration Seeks Dismissal of Lawsuit Against Elon Musk's AI Data Center Near Memphis — Earth.org" }, { "url": "https://www.democracynow.org/2026/6/18/abre_conner_naacp", "title": "DOJ Takes Elon Musk's Side in NAACP Lawsuit Against xAI for Polluting Black Neighborhoods — Democracy Now!" }, { "url": "https://qz.com/trump-doj-naacp-xai-clean-air-act-lawsuit-memphis-061726", "title": "DOJ moves to dismiss NAACP Clean Air Act lawsuit against xAI — Quartz" } ], "data_source": "news", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Seek federal Clean Air Act penalties against xAI's unpermitted Southaven turbines", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "north-franklin-township-pa-2026-04-14", "jurisdiction": "North Franklin Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Washington County", "lat": 40.1773, "lng": -80.2442, "action_type": [ "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-04-14", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "North Franklin Township (Washington County) adopted a proactive ordinance on April 14-16, 2026 regulating cryptocurrency mining and data center operations. No developer has filed a project yet — supervisors called the move 'extremely proactive.' The ordinance includes setbacks, noise limits, and siting requirements designed to protect residential areas before any developer interest emerges.", "sources": [ "https://www.observer-reporter.com/news/local_news/2026/apr/16/north-franklin-township-adopts-ordinances-regulating-data-centers-electric-generation/", "https://www.observer-reporter.com/news/local_news/2026/mar/12/north-franklin-considering-data-center-ordinance/" ], "data_source": "news", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Proactive data center and crypto mining regulation ordinance", "community_outcome": "win", "last_updated": "2026-04-21" }, { "id": "montour-county-zoning-amendment-pa-2026-04-14", "jurisdiction": "Montour County (zoning amendment)", "state": "PA", "county": "Montour County", "lat": 41.0319, "lng": -76.6592, "action_type": [ "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-04-14", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Montour County Commissioners approved a notice of intent on April 14, 2026 to adopt a 26-page zoning amendment covering cryptocurrency mining, AI data centers, and hyperscaler facilities. The amendment follows the commissioners' February 2026 unanimous denial of a Talen Energy rezoning request and establishes comprehensive siting standards for high-density compute operations countywide.", "sources": [ "https://www.standardjournal.com/news/local/article_montour-county-zoning-amendment-data-center-april-2026.html" ], "data_source": "news", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "26-page zoning amendment covering crypto, AI, and hyperscaler data centers", "community_outcome": "pending", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "flags": [ { "type": "url_unverifiable", "note": "Validation: the single cited source could not be verified by automated fetch; the underlying action is corroborated via county/primary sources but the link should be replaced.", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "rowan-county-nc-moratorium-2026-04-21", "jurisdiction": "Rowan County", "state": "NC", "county": "Rowan County", "lat": 35.6407, "lng": -80.4834, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Rowan County (NC) Board of Commissioners approved a 1-year data center moratorium 4-0 on April 21, 2026, effective May 4, 2026. The Long Ferry Road project (EDC Charlotte LLC) is exempted per NC state law which prevents moratoria from applying to already-submitted applications. Commissioner Craig Pierce walked out of the meeting before the vote. The moratorium gives the county time to develop zoning standards for future data center projects.", "sources": [ "https://www.wfae.org/politics/2026-04-21/rowan-county-approves-one-year-moratorium-on-new-data-centers", "https://www.wbtv.com/2026/04/21/rowan-county-commission-passes-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.wcnc.com/article/news/local/data-center-debate-in-rowan-county-hits-a-boiling-point-with-a-vote-a-missing-commissioner-and-protests/275-d52cf75a-a25e-4364-85e8-1f1257721d17", "https://www.salisburypost.com/2026/04/21/roco-passes-data-center-moratorium-over-100-residents-express-data-center-opposition/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Temporary pause on new data center approvals in Rowan County", "community_outcome": "win", "last_updated": "2026-05-06" }, { "id": "clay-township-highland-county-oh-moratorium-2026-04-20", "jurisdiction": "Clay Township (Highland County)", "state": "OH", "county": "Highland County", "lat": 39.1873, "lng": -83.6024, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-20", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Clay Township (Highland County, OH) trustees adopted a 12-month data center moratorium on April 20, 2026. Board Chair Angela Howell cited concerns that rural communities are becoming hot spots for data center development. The moratorium gives the township time to consider zoning and land-use protections before receiving any proposals.", "sources": [ "https://www.registerherald.com/2026/04/20/trustees-place-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://farmoffice.osu.edu/blog/mon-04062026-1124am/data-center-controversies-continue-ohio" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Preemptive 12-month moratorium on data center development in rural Clay Township", "community_outcome": "win", "last_updated": "2026-04-21" }, { "id": "shreveport-la-mooringsport-lawsuit-2026-04-21", "jurisdiction": "Shreveport (vs. Mooringsport)", "state": "LA", "county": "Caddo Parish", "lat": 32.5252, "lng": -93.7502, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The City of Shreveport won a lawsuit brought by the mayor of Mooringsport on April 21, 2026, over the Shreveport-area data center project. The ruling is a legal victory for the pro-data-center side of the dispute, but community members in Mooringsport continue to oppose the project. Outcome classified as mixed given ongoing community concerns.", "sources": [ "https://www.shreveporttimes.com/story/news/local/2026/04/21/shreveport-wins-mooringsport-data-center-lawsuit/", "https://www.ksla.com/2026/04/21/shreveport-data-center-lawsuit-city-shreveport-wins/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Legal challenge to Shreveport-area data center project", "community_outcome": "mixed", "last_updated": "2026-04-21" }, { "id": "oakley-ca-moratorium-2026-04-15", "jurisdiction": "City of Oakley", "state": "CA", "county": "Contra Costa County", "lat": 37.9974, "lng": -121.7125, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-15", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Oakley Community Alliance" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Oakley, CA (Contra Costa County) became the first Bay Area city to pass a data center moratorium, with City Council unanimously adopting a 45-day urgency ordinance on April 14-15, 2026. The moratorium is extensible by the council up to 2 years total and pauses new data center applications while staff develop permanent zoning standards. Builds on prior community organizing that removed data centers from the Bridgehead Industrial Project in March 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.kqed.org/news/2026/04/15/oakley-first-bay-area-city-data-center-moratorium/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "water", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "45-day urgency moratorium (extensible up to 2 years) on new data center approvals", "community_outcome": "win", "last_updated": "2026-04-21" }, { "id": "federal-ferc-sunenergy1-waiver-denial-2026-04-16", "jurisdiction": "United States (FERC)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": null, "lng": null, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2026-04-16", "status": "defeated", "company": "SunEnergy1", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 44.1, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "FERC on April 16, 2026 rejected SunEnergy1's request for a $44.1 million waiver of interconnection deposit requirements. The denial signals that FERC will not allow developers (including data center sponsors using large generation-interconnection positions) to dodge required deposits. Ratepayer-advocacy win: prevents cost-shifting from speculative interconnection requests onto captive ratepayers.", "sources": [ "https://www.ferc.gov/news-events/news/summaries-april-2026-commission-meeting", "https://www.whitecase.com/insight-alert/summary-ferc-meeting-agenda-april-2026", "https://www.utilitydive.com/news/ferc-doe-data-center-interconnection-pjm-backstop-auction/817804/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "scope": "federal", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "FERC denial of interconnection-deposit waiver; prevents developer cost-shifting to ratepayers", "community_outcome": "win", "last_updated": "2026-04-21" }, { "id": "federal-epa-title-v-streamlining-memo-2026-04-16", "jurisdiction": "United States (EPA)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": null, "lng": null, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2026-04-16", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "EPA on April 16, 2026 issued a memorandum streamlining Clean Air Act Title V permit renewals. The memo expedites renewals for major air-pollution sources, including diesel backup generators and gas turbines serving data centers. Air-quality and environmental justice advocates view the streamlining as a loss for pollution oversight of data center on-site combustion sources.", "sources": [ "https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/epa-issues-title-v-permitting-guidance-ensure-certainty-american-businesses-and", "https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2026-04/guidance-on-streamlining-clean-air-act-title-v-operating-permit-renewals.pdf", "https://www.gibsondunn.com/epa-issues-guidance-on-streamlining-clean-air-act-title-v-permit-renewals/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "scope": "federal", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "EPA streamlining of Clean Air Act Title V permit renewals for data center combustion sources", "community_outcome": "loss", "last_updated": "2026-04-21" }, { "id": "centralia-mo-ordinance-2026-04-20", "jurisdiction": "Centralia", "state": "MO", "county": "Boone County", "lat": 39.2106, "lng": -92.1377, "action_type": [ "ordinance", "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 21, 2026, the Centralia Board of Aldermen unanimously passed an ordinance that defines and regulates data centers, requiring conditional use permits and permanent buildings (no shipping containers, portable units, or temporary/movable structures). Data centers will only be permitted under conditional use permits in M-1 industrial districts. Mayor Chris Cox said the move is proactive; no developer has proposed a project.", "sources": [ "https://abc17news.com/news/centralia/2026/04/17/centralia-board-of-aldermen-to-discuss-data-center-ordinance-at-monday-meeting/", "https://krcgtv.com/news/local/centralia-leaders-consider-zoning-changes-to-regulate-data-centers", "https://www.centraliamo.gov/media/1826", "https://abc17news.com/news/centralia/2026/04/21/centralia-aldermen-pass-data-center-ordinance/" ], "data_source": "agent_research", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Restrict data centers to conditional use in M-1 industrial zone in Centralia", "community_outcome": "pending", "last_updated": "2026-05-06" }, { "id": "virginia-spanberger-amendments-sb253-hb1393-va-2026-04-16", "jurisdiction": "Virginia (statewide)", "state": "VA", "county": null, "lat": 37.5407, "lng": -77.436, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-04-16", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Gov. Spanberger amended SB 253 and HB 1393 on April 16, 2026 — bills designed to shift infrastructure costs to high-load data center customers. Amendments struck the explicit cost-shift, replaced with softer language directing SCC to be 'mindful' of cost pass-throughs, raised employee opt-out threshold from 200 to 10,000, limited application to existing customers only, and cut power-line-burial incremental rate cap from 4% to 2%. Critics including Dominion and lawmakers say amendments weaken the bills. Legislature returns April 22 to accept/reject. RESOLVED May 15, 2026: Gov. Spanberger signed both SB 253 and HB 1393 into law. The General Assembly had rejected most of her April 22 weakening amendments; she signed with softer SCC-directed 'fair share' language (directing the State Corporation Commission to ensure data centers pay their fair share for generation/distribution) rather than the explicit statutory cost-shift the legislature wanted. Critics (lawmakers, Dominion) said her tweaks weakened the mechanism. Bills also expand weatherization/energy assistance.", "sources": [ "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/04/16/lawmakers-dominion-say-spanbergers-amendments-weaken-bill-to-shift-costs-onto-data-centers/", "https://www.route-fifty.com/artificial-intelligence/2026/04/virginia-governor-amends-bills-shift-costs-data-centers-critics-say-her-tweaks-weaken-them/412929/", "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/04/22/the-governors-amendments-to-energy-and-data-center-legislation-will-save-money-for-customers/", { "url": "https://virginiamercury.com/2026/05/15/spanberger-signs-assault-weapons-ban-package-of-criminal-justice-and-energy-bills/", "title": "Spanberger signs energy bills package" }, { "url": "https://cardinalnews.org/2026/04/22/general-assembly-rejects-more-than-a-dozen-of-spanbergers-amendments/", "title": "General Assembly rejects Spanberger amendments" } ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Shift data center infrastructure costs away from residential ratepayers", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "sanford-nc-udo-draft-2026-04-21", "jurisdiction": "City of Sanford", "state": "NC", "county": "Lee County", "lat": 35.4799, "lng": -79.1803, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-04-22", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Sanford City Council voted 6-1 (Chris Petty dissenting) on April 22, 2026, after a nearly five-hour meeting, to adopt data center zoning regulations modeled on ordinances from Loudoun County, VA, and Phoenix and Marana, AZ. Standards include 500-foot setbacks from homes, 100-foot landscape buffers, 75-foot height limits, restriction to industrial zones, a 65 dB noise cap, and connection to the electrical grid (no on-site natural gas generation). Mayor Rebecca Salmon expressed frustration with a state-imposed $100/day fine cap on noise violations.", "sources": [ "https://www.sanfordherald.com/news/hearing-set-for-including-data-center-requirements-in-udo/article_0a1cc03e-61d3-5901-9789-b59938aee7f9.html", "https://rantnc.com/2026/04/08/commissioners-hear-proposed-data-center-standards/", "https://sandhills.news/2026/03/18/sanford-releases-faq-document-on-data-centers/", "https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/sanford-approves-data-center-regulations-181800351.html", "https://www.sanfordherald.com/archives/sanford-approves-data-center-regulations/article_98338ccc-9aa9-57c4-9fb6-981168df96ea.html", "https://star1025fm.com/sanford-nc-data-center-rules-udo/" ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "noise" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "horry-county-sc-zoning-draft-2026-04", "jurisdiction": "Horry County", "state": "SC", "county": "Horry County", "lat": 33.886, "lng": -78.9829, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-15", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Horry County advancing data center zoning standards proactively. Restricts facilities over 200,000 sq ft to general manufacturing and heavy industrial zones. Drafting phase; committee previously tabled.", "sources": [ "https://www.postandcourier.com/myrtle-beach/news/horry-county-data-centers-regulate/article_048033ab-67df-41df-b6da-71d98e4edd1c.html", "https://www.wbtw.com/news/grand-strand/horry-county/horry-county-committee-tables-discussion-on-data-center-regulation-ordinance/", "https://www.wbtw.com/growthtracker/horry-county-looking-at-local-data-center-control-policy-amid-state-level-talks/" ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "nassau-county-fl-moratorium-2026-04-13", "jurisdiction": "Nassau County", "state": "FL", "county": "Nassau County", "lat": 30.61, "lng": -81.7787, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-06-08", "status": "passed", "company": "NextNRG", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 200, "acreage": 1200, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 13, 2026, the Nassau County Board of County Commissioners directed County Attorney Denise May to draft an ordinance imposing a 12-month moratorium on data center development in unincorporated Nassau County. The draft is set for discussion at the April 27 commission meeting, with public hearings scheduled for May 11 and June 8 in Yulee. The action is preemptive: there are no active or pending applications. Background includes a September 2025 NextNRG concept proposing a 1,600-acre energy and data campus with 200 MW of microgrid and 400 acres for hyperscale data center development. A county fact-finding committee began workshops June 1; the moratorium’s second/final public hearing is set for June 8, 2026 in Yulee. RESOLVED: On June 8, 2026 the Nassau County Commission unanimously approved Ordinance 2026-044 after a final hearing — a 12-month moratorium on permits, rezonings, and site plans for data centers and crypto mining in unincorporated Nassau County, citing strain on the Floridan Aquifer, wastewater, and the grid.", "sources": [ "https://www.jaxdailyrecord.com/news/2026/apr/14/nassau-county-pursuing-12-month-moratorium-on-data-center-development/", "https://jaxtoday.org/2026/04/15/data-center-development-nassau/", "https://www.actionnewsjax.com/news/local/nassau-county-consider-one-year-data-center-moratorium/CW2BDMXVEREOPHLL7TEXJUXTVI/", { "url": "https://www.news4jax.com/news/local/2026/06/01/nassau-county-creates-fact-finding-committee-to-study-data-centers-as-moratorium-moves-forward/", "title": "Nassau County creates fact-finding committee as moratorium moves forward" } ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-16", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "nashville-davidson-zoning-tn-2026-04-17", "jurisdiction": "Nashville/Davidson County", "state": "TN", "county": "Davidson County", "lat": 36.1627, "lng": -86.7816, "action_type": [ "ordinance", "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-06-14", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Nashville/Metro Davidson County Title 17 zoning amendments passed on third reading April 7, 2026 became effective April 17, 2026. Includes data-center-related zoning provisions establishing standards (not a ban). June 2026 escalation: On June 15 Mayor Freddie O'Connell signed Executive Order 59 putting Metro government behind a temporary moratorium on large data centers (>20,000 sq ft or >5 MW), directing departments to study impacts and support pending Council moratorium legislation. On June 11 the Metro Planning Commission held a ~6-hour hearing on CM Rollin Horton's BL2026-1391 (data-center zoning framework — prohibits >500,000 sq ft, BZA approval for 100k-500k, closed-loop cooling, buffers from homes/schools) before an 'unprecedented' crowd and deferred action to June 25. [Update 2026-06-22: UPDATE to nashville-davidson-zoning-tn-2026-04-17. The change.org petition 'Nashville Zoo says no to proposed data center' (started by the Nashville Zoo) crossed 400,000 signatures as of June 14 — one of the largest data center opposition petitions to date. It targets a single-story, 69,220-sq-ft DC BLOX facility proposed at 648 Grassmere Park in South...]", "sources": [ "https://www.multistate.us/resources/state-data-center-policy-101", "https://library.municode.com/tn/metro_government_of_nashville_and_davidson_county/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=CD_TIT17ZO", { "url": "https://www.wsmv.com/2026/06/14/petition-against-proposed-data-center-next-nashville-zoo-gets-more-than-400000-signatures/", "title": "Petition against proposed data center next to Nashville Zoo gets more than 400,000 signatures - WSMV" } ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "pennsylvania-wellsboro-hearing-pa-2026-04-17", "jurisdiction": "Pennsylvania (Wellsboro hearing)", "state": "PA", "county": "Tioga County", "lat": 41.749, "lng": -77.3047, "action_type": [ "study_or_report", "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-04-17", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Center for Rural Pennsylvania Board of Directors held the first hearing in a multi-part public hearing series on data center growth in Pennsylvania, 10 a.m.-1 p.m. at the Coolidge Theatre at the Deane Center in Wellsboro (Tioga County), chaired by Sen. Gene Yaw. Testimony focused on siting considerations, infrastructure and energy demands, regulatory frameworks, and rural-community impacts. PJM's Stephen Bennett testified that data centers are 'predominant, by far' the driver of load growth, contradicting the Data Center Coalition; Indiana County Commissioner Sherene Hess testified on local impacts. Subsequent hearings in the series continue across the state; another is planned for July.", "sources": [ "https://www.pasenategop.com/news/rural-041726/", "https://www.senatorgeneyaw.com/2026/04/09/rural-041726/", "https://www.rural.pa.gov/news-events/public-hearing/data-centers-part-i", "https://www.wccsradio.com/2026/04/19/hess-testifies-at-data-center-hearing/", "https://www.wesa.fm/politics-government/2026-04-20/pennsylvania-data-center-regulations-harrisburg", "https://www.cityandstatepa.com/policy/2026/04/power-plays-battle-over-data-centers-pa/412554/" ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "spanberger-multistate-pjm-letter-2026-04-13", "jurisdiction": "Multistate (PJM coalition)", "state": "VA", "county": null, "lat": 37.5407, "lng": -77.436, "action_type": [ "executive_action", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2026-04-13", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 13, 2026, Virginia Gov. Abigail Spanberger joined a bipartisan coalition calling on PJM Interconnection to prioritize ratepayer protections and make data centers pay their fair share. Confirmed signatories: Spanberger (VA), the governors of Maryland, Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Indiana, and Illinois, plus D.C. Mayor Muriel Bowser. The letter outlines a consumers-first framework for PJM's new reliability backstop auction, calls on PJM to make sure data centers pay for new capacity costs (with state-specific accounting like Virginia's SCC data center rate class), and asks for safeguards so everyday customers do not end up paying extra if large energy users fail to cover their own costs or PJM buys more power than needed. Ratepayers across PJM's 13-state footprint face an additional $1.4B in capacity costs starting June 2026 largely from data center demand.", "sources": [ "https://virginiamercury.com/briefs/spanberger-joins-other-governors-in-push-for-pjm-to-prioritize-ratepayer-protections/", "https://www.12onyourside.com/2026/04/13/spanberger-joins-other-governors-push-pjm-prioritize-ratepayer-protections/", "https://www.governor.virginia.gov/newsroom/news-releases/2026/april-releases/name-1116140-en.html" ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "upper-gwynedd-township-pa-ordinance-2026-04-13", "jurisdiction": "Upper Gwynedd Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Montgomery County", "lat": 40.2126, "lng": -75.2746, "action_type": [ "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-04-13", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Upper Gwynedd Township draft data center ordinance advanced April 13, 2026. Final adoption expected in May. Latest in the Montgomery County wave of preemptive zoning rules.", "sources": [ "https://northpennnow.com/news/2026/apr/15/upper-gwynedd-becomes-latest-township-to-work-to-get-data-center-rules-on-the-books/", "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-weekly-briefing-april-13-17-2026/" ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-04-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "ypsilanti-ycua-water-moratorium-resolution-mi-2026-04-15", "jurisdiction": "Ypsilanti Community Utilities Authority (YCUA)", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.2083, "lng": -83.6138, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "utility_regulation", "infrastructure_opposition" ], "date": "2026-04-22", "status": "passed", "company": "Thor Equities, University of Michigan/Los Alamos National Laboratory", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 2200, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 500000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 22, 2026, the YCUA Board of Commissioners approved a 12-month moratorium on delivery or commitment of water and sewer services to hyperscale and mid-size data centers, AI computing facilities, and high-performance computational centers, pending environmental and water system studies. The action blocks service to a $1.2 billion U-Michigan/Los Alamos supercomputing facility (~500,000 gpd) in Ypsilanti Township and Thor Equities' $1 billion Augusta Township project (~1 million gpd). The wastewater plant has 4-5 million gpd of excess capacity per Executive Director Luke Blackburn. Action followed an April 15 Ypsilanti Township Board resolution requesting the moratorium.", "sources": [ "https://www.easternecho.com/article/2026/04/new-ypsilanti-township-data-center-resolution-requests-moratorium-on-local-resources", "https://www.wemu.org/wemu-news/2026-04-16/ypsilanti-township-asks-for-ycuas-help-to-slow-down-u-m-los-alamos-project", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/04/ypsilanti-water-supply-data-centers/", "https://www.michiganpublic.org/transportation-infrastructure/2026-04-23/michigan-utility-oks-12-month-ban-on-supplying-water-for-data-centers", "https://www.wemu.org/wemu-news/2026-04-23/ycua-board-of-commissioners-approves-data-center-moratorium", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/04/data-center-water-moratorium-ypsilanti/", "https://thesuntimesnews.com/ypsilanti-township-seeks-utility-pause-for-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "water" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: Independently corroborated both component figures: planetdetroit confirms the U-Michigan/Los Alamos facility at $1.2B with \"up to 500,000 gallons of water a day\"; multiple sources (The Sun Times News,", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "epa-wrap-2-water-reuse-data-centers-us-2026-04-16", "jurisdiction": "EPA", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": null, "lng": null, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "study_or_report" ], "date": "2026-04-16", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 16, 2026, EPA Administrator Lee Zeldin launched the Water Reuse Action Plan (WRAP) 2.0 with a specific focus on data centers, industry, and energy providers. The plan includes an initiative called 'Water for the U.S. Technology Revolution' aimed at strengthening links between the tech and water sectors. EPA committed to working with states and the regulated community to compile and share best practices for industrial cooling so states can readily permit recycled water use for data centers. The plan frames water reuse for AI/data centers as both a public-health/resource-protection measure and a tool to clear regulatory hurdles for siting more data centers — hence a mixed-outcome framing.", "sources": [ "https://www.epa.gov/waterreuse/water-reuse-action-plan-20", "https://www.ngwa.org/detail/news/2026/04/20/water-reuse-plan-for-data-centers-and-industry-announced-by-epa" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "federal", "issue_category": [ "water", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "Launch federal water reuse action plan tailored to data centers and industry to streamline recycled-water permitting.", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "ferc-transwestern-green-chile-pipeline-us-2026-04-13", "jurisdiction": "FERC (Transwestern Green Chile Pipeline)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": null, "lng": null, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "infrastructure_opposition" ], "date": "2026-04-13", "status": "pending", "company": "Energy Transfer / Transwestern Pipeline Company", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Jupiter / Green Chile Pipeline", "investment_million_usd": 60, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Rio Grande Chapter", "Center for Biological Diversity", "Food & Water Watch" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "FERC staff filed a formal protest dated April 13, 2026 (published in the Federal Register April 16) against Transwestern Pipeline Company's blanket-certificate request for the 17.77-mile Green Chile Pipeline in Doña Ana County, NM, which would supply 400,000 dekatherms per day of natural gas to power plants for the proposed Project Jupiter data center. FERC Acting Secretary Debbie-Anne Reese signed the protest, noting the application was incomplete and lacked required confirmation from the New Mexico State Historic Preservation Office. If unresolved within 30 days, the project loses eligibility for the expedited blanket certificate and must undergo full project-specific certification, likely delaying construction. Sierra Club Rio Grande Chapter, Center for Biological Diversity, and Food & Water Watch filed a parallel environmental protest on April 15, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/04/16/2026-07448/transwestern-pipeline-company-llc-notice-of-staff-protest-to-proposed-blanket-certificate-activity", "https://sourcenm.com/2026/04/17/federal-regulatory-staff-protest-proposed-new-mexico-pipeline-for-data-center/", "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/04/15/environmental-orgs-file-protest-against-green-chile-pipeline-in-southern-new-mexico/", "https://www.santafenewmexican.com/news/local_news/federal-agency-files-protest-in-natural-gas-pipeline-project-in-southern-new-mexico/article_7a3cf260-40dc-47b2-b900-abdcaabc9dd1.html" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "federal", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "Force full FERC certification of natural-gas pipeline serving Project Jupiter data center, delaying expedited approval.", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "house-data-act-companion-begich-us-2026-04-21", "jurisdiction": "US House (DATA Act of 2026 — House companion)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": null, "lng": null, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 21, 2026, Reps. Nick Begich (R-AK), Dan Crenshaw (R-TX), and Burgess Owens (R-UT) introduced the House companion to the DATA Act of 2026 (Decentralized Access to Technology Alternatives Act). The bill creates a new federal 'consumer-regulated electric utility' (CREU) category allowing hyperscalers to build fully off-grid, isolated 'grid-of-one' power systems that bypass federal/state utility regulation, on the rationale of preventing data center load growth from raising residential ratepayer bills. The Senate companion was introduced earlier by Sen. Tom Cotton (R-AR). Industry-friendly framing as ratepayer protection, but the structure removes federal oversight of data center power generation, raising concerns about emissions, siting, and accountability — community advocates view the bill as enabling faster, less-regulated buildout.", "sources": [ "https://begich.house.gov/media/press-releases/congressman-begich-leads-legislation-lower-energy-costs-introduces-house", "https://www.advocates4cre.org/blog/congressman-begich-leads-legislation-to-lower-energy-costs-introduces-house-version-of-the-data-act", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/us-senator-proposes-bill-permitting-ai-data-centers-to-bypass-federal-power-rules-via-off-grid-energy-infrastructure-development/", "https://foleyhoag.com/news-and-insights/blogs/energy-and-climate-counsel/2026/march/the-data-act-of-2026-and-the-future-of-data-center-development/", "https://www.nextgov.com/policy/2026/04/tech-bills-week-creating-data-privacy-standards-securing-critical-infrastructure-drones-and-more/413117/" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "federal", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Create off-grid 'CREU' federal category enabling hyperscaler power systems to bypass federal/state utility regulation.", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "senator-ossoff-ferc-inquiry-georgia-us-2026-04-24", "jurisdiction": "US Senate (Sen. Ossoff FERC inquiry)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": null, "lng": null, "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2026-04-24", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 24, 2026, Sen. Jon Ossoff (D-GA) sent a formal letter to FERC opening an inquiry into whether AI data centers are driving up electricity costs for Georgia ratepayers. Georgia has received over $4.5 billion in AI investment since 2019, and the Georgia PSC has approved 9,885 MW of new generation specifically to serve data centers. Ossoff asked FERC for assurances that data centers will 'pay their own way' and questioned FERC's load forecasting methods and contingency strategies if load growth exceeds projections. He requested a formal FERC response by June 1, 2026. This is congressional pressure on a federal agency rather than legislation, signaling continued bipartisan scrutiny of data center cost-shifting. UPDATE: On April 27, 2026, Georgia PSC Chairman Jason Shaw and Commissioner Tricia Pridemore filed a formal letter to FERC pushing back on Ossoff's premise, asserting 'data centers are not affecting power bills' in Georgia. FERC's June 1 response deadline remains active.", "sources": [ "https://www.11alive.com/article/news/politics/jon-ossoff-ai-data-centers-power-bill-impact-inquiry/85-1fe2723c-097f-4028-8b3a-5ef70a5d835a", "https://www.wjbf.com/news/georgia-news/sen-ossoff-investigates-ai-data-center-impact-on-georgians-energy-costs/", "https://broadbandbreakfast.com/ossoff-probes-energy-impact-of-ai-data-centers-in-georgia/", "https://www.cbsnews.com/atlanta/news/ossoff-investigating-ai-data-center-are-impacting-rising-power-bills-in-georgia/", "https://www.wrdw.com/2026/04/27/ga-regulators-push-back-ossoff-inquiry-about-data-centers/", "https://middlegeorgiaceo.com/news/2026/04/chairman-shaw-commissioner-pridemore-address-data-center-issues-letter-ferc/", "https://www.aol.com/news/georgia-psc-tells-feds-not-203703643.html" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "federal", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "transparency", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Senate-led FERC inquiry into AI data center cost-shifting onto Georgia ratepayers, with June 1 response deadline.", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "mansfield-oh-energiacres-withdrawal-2026-04-21", "jurisdiction": "Mansfield", "state": "OH", "county": "Richland County", "lat": 40.7584, "lng": -82.5154, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "cancelled", "company": "EnergiAcres", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 600, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Mansfield Mayor Jodie Perry announced on April 21, 2026 that the city will 'no longer pursue' the proposed EnergiAcres data center and power plant project sited north of Mansfield in Franklin Township. The Florida-based EnergiAcres had assembled 600-700 acres of farmland from Ernsberger Road to Amoy Ganges Road. Perry cited that the developer had held a public meeting without prior coordination with the city and that scope had grown significantly without sufficient definition or coordination. On April 24, 2026, all three Richland County Commissioners (Tony Vero, Darrell Banks, Cliff Mears) publicly declared they have no interest in the project, effectively closing the door on annexation.", "sources": [ "https://www.richlandsource.com/2026/04/21/mansfield-mayor-says-city-will-no-longer-pursue-data-center-project/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/mayor-of-mansfield-ohio-says-city-will-no-longer-pursue-data-center-project/", "https://www.richlandsource.com/2026/04/24/all-3-richland-county-commissioners-declare-no-interest-in-data-center-development/" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "farmland", "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Reject EnergiAcres data center / power plant due to lack of coordination and scope creep.", "community_outcome": "win", "county_lean": "R" }, { "id": "washington-township-montgomery-county-oh-moratorium-2026-04-21", "jurisdiction": "Washington Township (Montgomery County)", "state": "OH", "county": "Montgomery County", "lat": 39.6303, "lng": -84.1641, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 21, 2026, Washington Township trustees (Montgomery County, Dayton area) approved a 360-day moratorium on issuance and processing of zoning permits and approvals for data center land uses, effective immediately. There are no approved plans or development applications for a data center in the township; trustees cited a need to study utility demand, noise, aesthetics, safety, and infrastructure concerns and decide whether data centers should be limited, prohibited, or subject to additional regulation. (This is distinct from Washington Township in Franklin County.)", "sources": [ "https://dayton247now.com/news/local/trustees-enact-360-day-moratorium-on-data-center-zoning-in-washington-township", "https://www.journal-news.com/community/data-centers-area-township-adds-moratorium-as-others-weigh-these-huge-projects/article_b9578880-2346-57d1-8d45-8151a7cb1441.html" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "noise", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Pause data center zoning approvals to study utility, noise, and infrastructure impacts.", "community_outcome": "win", "county_lean": "D" }, { "id": "tiffin-oh-moratorium-2026-04-21", "jurisdiction": "Tiffin", "state": "OH", "county": "Seneca County", "lat": 41.1145, "lng": -83.1779, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 21, 2026, Tiffin City Council voted 6-0 (and a separate 6-0 emergency declaration) to approve Resolution 2026-42 imposing a 12-month moratorium barring the establishment of, or conversion into, any data center within city limits. The pause gives Tiffin time to study the data center industry and consider new zoning regulations.", "sources": [ "https://tiffinohio.net/posts/tiffin-city-council-approves-12-month-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.wtol.com/article/news/local/findlay-and-tiffin-pass-12-month-data-center-moratoriums-tuesday/512-cd6a8b2a-c423-404d-abbc-2e2b1c7afe4b" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Pause data center establishments to study zoning standards.", "community_outcome": "win", "county_lean": "R" }, { "id": "findlay-oh-moratorium-2026-04-21", "jurisdiction": "Findlay", "state": "OH", "county": "Hancock County", "lat": 41.0442, "lng": -83.6499, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 21, 2026, Findlay City Council approved a 12-month data center moratorium (Ordinance 2026-42) by a 9-1 vote, with Councilman B.J. Preston casting the lone 'nay' vote, arguing data center development is largely a Hancock County issue. The ordinance imposes a temporary ban on the establishment or conversion of structures into data centers and takes effect immediately, allowing time to review applicable codes amid resident concerns over power demands, water use, and infrastructure.", "sources": [ "https://www.wtol.com/article/news/local/findlay-and-tiffin-pass-12-month-data-center-moratoriums-tuesday/512-cd6a8b2a-c423-404d-abbc-2e2b1c7afe4b", "https://www.theohioregister.com/findlay-city-council-passes-data-center-moratorium/" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "community_impact", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Temporarily ban new data center establishments to review codes.", "community_outcome": "win", "county_lean": "R" }, { "id": "dayton-oh-moratorium-recommendation-2026-04-14", "jurisdiction": "Dayton", "state": "OH", "county": "Montgomery County", "lat": 39.7589, "lng": -84.1916, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-14", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 14, 2026, the Dayton City Plan Board recommended adopting a 180-day moratorium on data center applications and a zoning code text amendment that would prohibit large data centers as a use within the city. Existing facilities (three Lumen/CenturyLink data centers) would be grandfathered. The proposed moratorium was scheduled for Dayton City Commission consideration on April 22, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.daytondailynews.com/local/large-data-centers-could-be-banned-from-dayton-under-zoning-proposal/article_76b7992f-0baa-475a-af7f-883102de75f4.html", "https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/dayton-city-plan-board-recommends-220603880.html" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Recommend a 180-day moratorium and ban on large data centers within city limits.", "community_outcome": "pending", "county_lean": "D" }, { "id": "vandalia-oh-moratorium-consideration-2026-04-22", "jurisdiction": "Vandalia", "state": "OH", "county": "Montgomery County", "lat": 39.8906, "lng": -84.1989, "action_type": [ "study_or_report" ], "date": "2026-04-22", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 22, 2026, Vandalia city staff confirmed City Council will consider proposed moratoriums on data centers, small-box discount stores, and gas stations at a May 4 (or May 5) meeting; staff will present options and seek council direction. No specific data center project is currently proposed in Vandalia. Action follows nearby moratoriums in Washington Township (360-day) and Dayton (180-day pending).", "sources": [ "https://www.daytondailynews.com/community/vandalia/latest-data-centers-move-vandalia-city-council-considers-moratorium/article_0f9731a6-57dc-4e70-945e-460ff6fc47fc.html" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Consider data center moratorium options at May council meeting.", "community_outcome": "pending", "county_lean": "D" }, { "id": "plainfield-il-moratorium-2026-04-21", "jurisdiction": "Plainfield", "state": "IL", "county": "Will County", "lat": 41.6147, "lng": -88.2034, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 21, 2026, Plainfield Village Board unanimously approved a 180-day moratorium on data center and warehouse-for-computing-infrastructure proposals. The moratorium pauses applications while the village monitors pending Illinois General Assembly legislation (POWER Act, SB4016/HB5513) and develops comprehensive land use regulations. Mayor John Argoudelis said extensions are 'highly likely' and warned 'we are not interested in going down that route.' Action follows data center pushback in nearby Joliet and Yorkville.", "sources": [ "https://patch.com/illinois/plainfield/data-center-moratorium-imposed-plainfield-after-unanimous-village-board-vote", "https://www.shawlocal.com/the-herald-news/2026/04/22/plainfield-adopts-temporary-moratorium-on-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact", "farmland", "water", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": "Pause data center applications pending state legislation and local regulations.", "community_outcome": "win", "county_lean": "R" }, { "id": "wisconsin-psc-we-energies-tariff-2026-04-24", "jurisdiction": "Wisconsin Public Service Commission (We Energies VLC + Bespoke Resources Tariff, Docket 6630-TE-113)", "state": "WI", "county": null, "lat": 44.5, "lng": -89.5, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2026-04-24", "status": "passed", "company": "We Energies, Vantage Data Centers, Microsoft", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 100, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 24, 2026, the Wisconsin Public Service Commission voted unanimously (3-0) to approve, with significant modifications, a 'Very Large Customer' rate structure for We Energies that requires data centers and other large customers (>100 MW peak demand, lowered from We Energies' proposed 500 MW) to pay 100% of generation facility costs and 'subscribe' to sufficient capacity. Term extended from 10 to 15 years. The ruling primarily affects Vantage's $15B Port Washington campus and Microsoft's Mount Pleasant facility. Commissioner Kristy Nieto: 'Existing Wisconsin customers should not pay a single cent to subsidize the service of data centers.' Existing customers will still pay ~$63M (2027) and ~$100M (2028) for transmission infrastructure.", "sources": [ "https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/04/wisconsin-regulators-data-centers-must-cover-full-cost-of-their-energy-needs/", "https://www.wpr.org/news/state-regulators-change-we-energies-data-center-rate-proposal-to-protect-customers", "https://www.cleanwisconsin.org/state-regulators-make-substantial-modifications-to-we-energies-ai-data-center-tariff-plan/", "https://biztimes.com/psc-makes-significant-changes-while-approving-we-energies-data-center-electricity-rates/", { "url": "https://www.wispolitics.com/2026/psc-ruling-requires-data-centers-to-cover-costs-of-new-we-energies-power-generation/", "title": "https://www.wispolitics.com/2026/psc-ruling-requires-data-centers-to-cover-costs-of-new-we-energies-power-generation/" }, { "url": "https://www.wisbusiness.com/2026/residents-raise-concerns-on-psc-data-center-rate-proposal/", "title": "https://www.wisbusiness.com/2026/residents-raise-concerns-on-psc-data-center-rate-proposal/" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Require data centers to pay 100% of generation costs and protect existing customers.", "community_outcome": "win", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRMED (flag). megawatts=100 is the regulatory tariff threshold, not a project capacity. The primary source (Wisconsin Watch) states the 100 MW is the \"Very Large Customer\" subscription threshold: ", "added": "2026-06-21" } ] }, { "id": "wisconsin-dnr-port-washington-generator-permits-2026-04-23", "jurisdiction": "Wisconsin DNR (Port Washington Vantage/Stargate)", "state": "WI", "county": "Ozaukee County", "lat": 43.3872, "lng": -87.8729, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2026-06-12", "status": "approved", "company": "Vantage Data Centers, Oracle, OpenAI", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Lighthouse (Stargate)", "investment_million_usd": 15000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 672, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Midwest Environmental Advocates", "Clean Wisconsin", "Great Lakes Neighbors United" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 23, 2026, the Wisconsin DNR's public comment period on air permits for 45 backup diesel generators at Vantage Data Centers' Port Washington Lighthouse project (Stargate, with Oracle and OpenAI as end users) drew nearly 550 comments. An independent analysis found generator emissions could exceed federal limits within a 10-mile radius. The project is a $15 billion campus on 672 acres on Port Washington's north side; construction is underway after voters approved an April 7 referendum giving residents say in TIF districts over $10M. Wisconsin DNR has granted preliminary approval finding Vantage Lighthouse will meet air pollution limits; comment period closed but no final decision yet. As of late May 2026: DNR has not issued a final decision; preliminary approval stands (45 diesel generators, ~550 comments). This air permit is the last DNR approval the Vantage Lighthouse project needs. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'loss' per https://dnr.wisconsin.gov/topic/EIA/Portwashington.html.] [Update 2026-06-22: On June 12, 2026, the Wisconsin DNR issued the final air pollution control permits for Vantage Data Centers' 'Lighthouse' campus (OpenAI/Oracle tenant) in Port Washington: a minor-source construction permit (25-MIN-094) and initial operation permit (24618528A-F01) for 45 diesel-fired emergency generators. The DNR also released a supplemental report...]", "sources": [ "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-april-23-2026/", "https://www.jsonline.com/story/communities/north/2026/04/23/dnr-reviews-data-center-backup-diesel-generators-advocates-push-back/89658654007/", "https://wisconsinexaminer.com/2026/04/14/residents-plead-with-dnr-to-deny-port-washington-data-center-air-pollution-permit/", "https://www.wpr.org/news/port-washington-residents-urge-dnr-to-deny-air-quality-permits-for-data-center", "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2026/04/15/port-washington-residents-urge-dnr-deny-air-quality-permits-for-data-center/", "https://racinecountyeye.com/2026/04/14/data-center-dnr-air-pollution/", { "url": "https://dnr.wisconsin.gov/topic/EIA/Portwashington.html", "title": "Wisconsin DNR Port Washington EIA" }, { "url": "https://www.gmtoday.com/news_graphic/news/lighthouse-data-center-environmental-impact/article_a7ac3565-8fcb-4760-9955-455eb1bdf551.html", "title": "Lighthouse Data Center Environmental Impact" }, { "url": "https://www.wpr.org/news/port-washington-residents-urge-dnr-to-deny-air-quality-permits-for-data-center", "title": "Port Washington residents urge DNR to deny permits" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "community_impact", "noise" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "Push back on air permits for 45 backup diesel generators at Lighthouse data center.", "community_outcome": "loss", "county_lean": "R" }, { "id": "tonopah-maricopa-638-acre-rezoning-az-2026-04-15", "jurisdiction": "Tonopah (Maricopa County)", "state": "AZ", "county": "Maricopa County", "lat": 33.4942, "lng": -112.941, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-15", "status": "approved", "company": "Grandilla (Arizona) Inc. / Foot Creek Corporation", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 638, "building_sq_ft": 2250000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 15, 2026, the Maricopa County Board of Supervisors approved a request to rezone a 638-acre site at the northeast corner of 491st Avenue and Thomas Road outside Tonopah (west of Phoenix). The site is approved for up to nine 250,000-sq-ft data center buildings totaling 2.25 million square feet, plus solar generation and battery energy storage. Owners requested a Comprehensive Plan amendment from Rural Development Area to Utilities and rezoning from Rural-43 to Light Industrial. This is distinct from the December 2025 Hassayampa Ranch / AV Squared approval in Tonopah.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/225-million-sq-ft-data-center-campus-proposed-outside-phoenix-arizona/", "https://azbex.com/planning-development/maricopa-county-board-approves-rezoning-for-638-acre-data-center-solar-site/" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Rezone 638 acres to enable 2.25 million sq ft data center campus.", "community_outcome": "loss", "county_lean": "R" }, { "id": "cheyenne-microsoft-3200-acre-expansion-wy-2026-04-14", "jurisdiction": "Cheyenne (Microsoft expansion)", "state": "WY", "county": "Laramie County", "lat": 41.1399, "lng": -104.8202, "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "study_or_report" ], "date": "2026-04-14", "status": "active", "company": "Microsoft", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 3200, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 14, 2026, Microsoft announced its intent to purchase approximately 3,200 acres of land in Cheyenne (200 acres in Bison Business Park plus 3,000 acres in Southeast Cheyenne) for a major datacenter expansion that will triple its Wyoming footprint. Microsoft is currently the City of Cheyenne's top taxpayer and Laramie County's second-top taxpayer, contributing more than $11 million in 2025. The expansion is governed by the Large Power Contract Service tariff, requiring Microsoft to pay for all infrastructure upgrades and power procured. This is in addition to the already approved 2.7 GW Project Jade by Crusoe/Tallgrass.", "sources": [ "https://news.microsoft.com/source/2026/04/14/microsoft-announces-intent-to-expand-datacenter-operations-in-cheyenne-accelerating-innovation-and-economic-growth/", "https://cowboystatedaily.com/2026/04/14/microsoft-to-triple-its-cheyenne-data-center-footprint-with-3-200-acre-land-buy/", "https://www.wyomingnews.com/news/local_news/microsoft-intends-to-purchase-3-200-acres-south-of-cheyenne-for-data-centers/article_3cbb2c90-9a60-4cb9-8537-1d835ea167ab.html" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "developer", "objective": "Triple Microsoft's Wyoming datacenter footprint via 3,200-acre acquisition.", "community_outcome": "mixed", "county_lean": "R" }, { "id": "oklahoma-city-ok-moratorium-2026-04-22", "jurisdiction": "Oklahoma City", "state": "OK", "county": "Oklahoma County", "lat": 35.4676, "lng": -97.5164, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-04-22", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 22, 2026, the Oklahoma City Council unanimously approved a moratorium on new data center developments through December 31, 2026, prohibiting rezoning requests intended for data centers. Mayor David Holt and all council members supported the measure, citing concerns over water supplies, electrical grid strain, and lack of developer transparency. The moratorium exempts two pending rezoning cases, with council planning to clarify the language at an April 28 meeting.", "sources": [ "https://www.kgou.org/politics-and-government/2026-04-22/oklahoma-city-leaders-approve-data-center-moratorium", "https://www.okc.gov/News-articles/Oklahoma-City-Council-approves-moratorium-on-new-data-centers" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Pause new data center rezoning through end of 2026.", "community_outcome": "win", "county_lean": "R" }, { "id": "reno-nv-text-amendment-data-center-2026-04-22", "jurisdiction": "Reno (Title 18 text amendment)", "state": "NV", "county": "Washoe County", "lat": 39.5296, "lng": -119.8138, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "study_or_report" ], "date": "2026-04-22", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On Earth Day (April 22, 2026), the Reno City Council voted unanimously to initiate a text amendment to Title 18 of the Annexation and Land Development Code to revise data center regulations addressing definitions, siting, noise, water use, power generation, and environmental considerations. More than 150 public comments were submitted, many calling for a moratorium. Councilmember Devon Reese (with Naomi Duerr and Meghan Ebert) requested a moratorium return to council as soon as May 6. Staff will coordinate with Truckee Meadows Regional Planning Agency, Washoe County, and Sparks for a regional approach. May 14, 2026: Reno City Council scheduled special meeting to consider pending moratorium on conditional use permit applications for data centers. RESOLVED May 14, 2026: After a 7+ hour special meeting with 100+ speakers, Reno City Council voted 6-1 (Kathleen Taylor dissenting) to adopt a 30-day moratorium on data center conditional-use-permit applications — the first government in Nevada to pause data centers. Four in-pipeline facilities exempted. Final/extended moratorium length to be set June 1.", "sources": [ "https://www.kunr.org/local-stories/2026-04-23/reno-city-council-takes-first-step-toward-changing-data-center-development-rules", "https://thisisreno.com/2026/04/reno-city-council-data-center-standards/", "https://mynews4.com/news/local/reno-city-council-advances-data-center-regulations-ai-artificial-intellegience-possible-moratorium-vote-future-meeting-devon-reese", { "url": "https://thisisreno.com/2026/05/reno-city-council-data-center-moratorium-2/", "title": "Reno City Council to consider data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://thebarberbrief.substack.com/p/reno-city-council-will-consider-a", "title": "Reno City Council will consider moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.kunr.org/local-stories/2026-05-19/reno-city-council-approves-30-day-moratorium-on-construction-permits-for-data-centers", "title": "Reno approves 30-day data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.reviewjournal.com/news/environment/this-nevada-city-is-the-first-to-pause-new-data-centers-3824360/", "title": "First Nevada city to pause data centers" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "noise", "zoning", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Initiate text amendment to revise data center siting, noise, water, and environmental rules.", "community_outcome": "win", "county_lean": "D" }, { "id": "box-elder-wonder-valley-stratos-ut-2026-04-24", "jurisdiction": "Box Elder County (Wonder Valley / Stratos Project Area)", "state": "UT", "county": "Box Elder County", "lat": 41.5167, "lng": -113.0833, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-24", "status": "approved", "company": "O'Leary Digital Utah Development Company", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Wonder Valley (Stratos Project Area)", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 9000, "acreage": 41200, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 24, 2026, Kevin O'Leary unveiled details of the Stratos Project Area to Utah's Military Installation Development Authority (MIDA) board. The 40,000 acres of privately owned land plus 1,200 acres of state land in unincorporated western Box Elder County would host one of the nation's largest data center campuses, totaling up to 9 GW. UPDATE: On May 4, 2026, Box Elder County commissioners voted unanimously to approve two resolutions in support of the project despite ~1,100 attendees gathering at the Box Elder County Fairgrounds for a rally and public hearing. After the crowd became rowdy, commissioners moved to a small room away from the public to make their decision. Developer O'Leary Digital (Kevin O'Leary, 'Mr. Wonderful' of Shark Tank) said a $1B Phase 1 capital-raising effort will begin over the next 60 days, with first-phase construction within months.", "sources": [ "https://www.kpcw.org/state-regional/2026-04-24/mida-shark-tank-kevin-oleary-announce-new-data-center-project-area", "https://www.deseret.com/business/2026/04/24/shark-tank-kevin-oleary-data-center-energy-development-utah-ai-artificial-intelligence/", "https://www.sltrib.com/news/2026/04/25/hyperscale-data-center-may-be/", "https://utahnewsdispatch.com/2026/05/04/box-elder-commissioners-approve-data-center/", "https://www.sltrib.com/news/2026/05/04/utah-data-center-final-vote-box/", "https://www.ksl.com/article/51492962/box-elder-county-commissioners-ok-controversial-data-center-proposal", "https://www.standard.net/news/2026/may/05/hundreds-cry-out-as-box-elder-commissioners-wave-in-massive-data-center/" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "tax_incentive", "water" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Establish 41,200-acre Wonder Valley data center project area with 9 GW capacity.", "community_outcome": "loss", "county_lean": "R" }, { "id": "texas-farmers-union-moratorium-call-2026-04-15", "jurisdiction": "Texas (Farmers Union / Tucker)", "state": "TX", "county": null, "lat": 31.0, "lng": -100.0, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-04-15", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 15, 2026, Clayton Tucker, Democratic candidate for Texas Agriculture Commissioner and representative of the Texas Farmers Union, called for 'a full moratorium on all data center construction in Texas' at a news conference. Tucker emphasized water concerns amid drought conditions affecting Texas farmers, stating: 'On day one, I will start issuing ag impact studies to slow them down, to gunk them up and to really put the brakes on them because we need to study what's actually going on.' There are over 120 data centers registered with the Texas Comptroller in 2026, up from 11 in 2020.", "sources": [ "https://spectrumlocalnews.com/tx/south-texas-el-paso/news/2026/04/15/texas-agriculture-commissioner-candidate-on-data-centers" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "water", "farmland", "anti_ai" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "Call for full statewide moratorium on Texas data center construction.", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "arizona-senate-data-center-disclosure-bill-2026-04-17", "jurisdiction": "Arizona (Senate disclosure bill)", "state": "AZ", "county": null, "lat": 34.2, "lng": -111.7, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-04-17", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 17, 2026, the Arizona Senate passed a bill that would require the state's major utilities to file reports every six months to the Arizona Corporation Commission detailing new 'extra high load users' like data centers, including the number of new connections and connection requests. The bill now returns to the House for further action. This follows an ACC workshop on Large Load Users held April 16, 2026, where APS and SRP recommended new policies including a new extra high load factor (XHLF) rate, bring-your-own-power policies, and standard contracts requiring up-front financial support from data center customers.", "sources": [ "https://www.kjzz.org/politics/2026-04-17/arizona-senate-bill-passes-to-require-reports-to-corporation-commission-on-large-utility-users", "https://azcc.gov/news/home/2026/04/20/acc-large-load-data-center-workshop-highlights" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "transparency", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Require utilities to disclose new data center connections every six months.", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "louisiana-psc-meta-everest-fast-track-la-2026-04-15", "jurisdiction": "Louisiana Public Service Commission", "state": "LA", "county": null, "lat": 31.0, "lng": -91.8, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2026-04-15", "status": "approved", "company": "Entergy / Meta", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": "Project Everest (second Meta data center)", "investment_million_usd": 21000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Alliance for Affordable Energy", "Union of Concerned Scientists", "Earthjustice" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 15, 2026 the Louisiana Public Service Commission voted 4-1 to expedite Entergy's application for seven new natural gas power plants to power Meta's second Louisiana data center (Project Everest), bypassing standard competitive bidding and removing administrative law judge review. Combined with three plants already approved for Meta's Hyperion facility in Richland Parish, the total combined output approaches 7.5 GW. Final vote on the project is scheduled for November 18, 2026. Advocacy groups raised concerns about transparency and ratepayer cost-shifting. Earthjustice (for the Alliance for Affordable Energy and Union of Concerned Scientists) asked the LPSC to investigate Meta's financing — Meta shifted ~80% ownership of the campus to a Blue Owl Capital joint venture ('Beignet') the same day the LPSC approved Entergy's gas plants, potentially letting Meta exit in ~4 years while ratepayers carry 30-year plant costs; the LPSC declined to investigate (Feb 25). Separately, a Floodlight/Verite/Louisiana Illuminator investigation (May 21) found state Sen. Jay Morris co-sponsored enabling legislation and lobbied regulators while he and partners bought and sold land around the site and transferred acreage to Entergy for the gas plant. Morris denies wrongdoing.", "sources": [ "https://www.kplctv.com/2026/04/15/louisiana-psc-aproves-fast-track-entergy-21b-proposal-tied-meta-data-center/", "https://www.wafb.com/2026/04/15/entergy-asks-public-service-commission-approve-new-energy-investments-power-richland-parish-meta-center/", "https://www.krvs.org/louisiana-news/2026-04-21/advocates-cite-lack-of-transparency-rising-costs-as-regulators-fast-track-second-meta-data-center", "https://www.lpsc.louisiana.gov/docs/agenda/4_15_2026_RevisedAgenda.pdf", "https://thelensnola.org/2026/04/14/meta-project-evest-louisiana-energy-expansion-costs-entergy/", "https://www.wrkf.org/2026-04-14/entergy-wants-to-fast-track-21b-meta-deal-as-psc-commissioner-advocates-sound-alarm", "https://san.com/cc/in-race-for-ai-data-centers-regulators-move-to-fast-track-louisiana-gas-plants/", "https://thelensnola.org/2026/04/03/meta-entergy-louisiana-power-plants-ai-data-centers-2/", "https://louisianaradionetwork.com/2026/04/16/46165/", { "url": "https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/louisiana-regulators-asked-to-investigate-shady-meta-financing-deal-that-could-leave-households-paying-for-tech-giants-electricity", "title": "Louisiana regulators asked to investigate Meta financing deal" }, { "url": "https://veritenews.org/2026/05/21/jay-morris-meta-data-center/", "title": "Sen. Jay Morris and the Meta data center (Verite)" }, { "url": "https://lailluminator.com/2026/05/21/morris-meta/", "title": "Morris and Meta (Louisiana Illuminator)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-08", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Halt fast-tracked approval of $21B Entergy gas plants for Meta's second Louisiana data center", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "orange-county-nc-moratorium-2026-04-21", "jurisdiction": "Orange County", "state": "NC", "county": "Orange County", "lat": 36.076, "lng": -79.0992, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 21, 2026, the Orange County Board of Commissioners voted unanimously 6-0 to approve a one-year moratorium on large-scale data centers covering AI training facilities, cryptocurrency mining, data processing, and similar large operations. Public testimony was uniformly supportive, citing concerns about air and noise pollution, water consumption during drought conditions, and electricity demand. Board Chair Jean Hamilton said the action would let staff study impacts and update land-use policies. The county currently has no large-scale data centers, and the county attorney noted limited siting options 'because of lack of water.'", "sources": [ "https://www.wral.com/news/local/orange-county-one-year-pause-building-new-data-centers-april-2026/", "https://www.wunc.org/environment/2026-04-22/orange-county-moratorium-data-centers", "https://orangecountync.gov/CivicAlerts.aspx?AID=1391", "https://www.bpr.org/2026-04-22/orange-county-moratorium-data-centers" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "noise", "community_impact", "grid_energy", "anti_ai" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause new data centers via 12-month moratorium", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "glynn-county-ga-2026-04-17", "jurisdiction": "Glynn County Board of Commissioners", "state": "GA", "county": "Glynn County", "lat": 31.2174, "lng": -81.4998, "action_type": [ "ordinance", "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-16", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 17, 2026, the Glynn County Board of Commissioners unanimously approved new zoning ordinances that include a section permitting data centers, rejecting calls from the planning commission for a 120-day moratorium. Commissioners added a requirement that data centers limit potable water use through closed-loop or similar systems to minimize consumption and eliminate continuous discharge or evaporative loss.", "sources": [ "https://thecurrentga.org/2026/04/15/glynn-county-to-vote-on-zoning-residents-ask-to-delay-data-center-rule/" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Restrict data center water use under new zoning ordinance", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "stafford-county-va-planning-2026-04-22", "jurisdiction": "Stafford County Planning Commission", "state": "VA", "county": "Stafford County", "lat": 38.4221, "lng": -77.4083, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-06-18", "status": "active", "company": "Metts LLC; Falmouth Tech LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Potomac Creek Campus; Accokeek Center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 220, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 22, 2026, the Stafford County Planning Commission held public hearings on two proposed data center projects. The Potomac Creek Campus (Metts LLC, Joseph Metts; 99.3 acres on Eskimo Hill Road) was deferred unanimously to May 27, 2026 over concerns about noise mitigation, traffic, and historical/cultural review. The Potomac Creek site contains 4 marked Seddon family burials and 12+ unmarked graves believed to be of enslaved individuals. The Accokeek Tech Park applicant pulled the project from the agenda at the last minute, sparking resident outrage; the attorney cited confusion with the staff report. The last-minute pull triggered a planning-commission discussion of new procedural rule changes (per Fredericksburg Free Press, April 29, 2026). Both items are on hold pending resubmission and deferred review. May 4, 2026: Potomac Creek Campus deferred again after AccuGeek's last-minute withdrawal sparked resident outrage; new hearing scheduled May 27. Planning Commission now considering new rules. [Update 2026-06-22: Stafford County scheduled two public input sessions on its five-year Comprehensive Plan update (Thursday June 18 and Monday June 22, 2026) as the county fields more than a dozen active data center applications. The trigger for renewed scrutiny is the Forest Lane Data Center — Stafford's 16th active data center application — a ~845-acre rezoning...]", "sources": [ "https://www.fxbgadvance.com/p/stafford-planning-commission-to-hold-4fc", "https://www.thecentersquare.com/virginia/article_0197a013-ec97-4cdf-a453-c821b507b7d2.html", "https://www.fxbgadvance.com/p/stafford-planning-commission-votes", "https://www.potomaclocal.com/2026/05/04/stafford-planning-commission-defers-potomac-creek-data-center-after-last-minute-accugeek-pull-sparks-resident-outrage/", "https://www.fredericksburgfreepress.com/2026/04/29/stafford-planning-commission-considering-new-rules-after-data-center-hearing-canceled/", { "url": "https://www.potomaclocal.com/2026/06/15/stafford-county-to-hold-public-meetings-on-comprehensive-plan-update-amid-data-center-proposals/", "title": "Stafford County to Hold Public Meetings on Comprehensive Plan Update Amid Data Center Proposals (Potomac Local)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "noise", "community_impact", "traffic" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Oppose Potomac Creek and Accokeek data center rezonings", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "jackson-city-ms-moratorium-2026-04-21", "jurisdiction": "Jackson City Council", "state": "MS", "county": "Hinds County", "lat": 32.2988, "lng": -90.1848, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "pending", "company": "Prado AI", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 21, 2026, Jackson City Council President Brian Grizzell introduced a draft ordinance establishing a 183-day moratorium on construction, expansion, permitting, or site-plan approval of data centers exceeding 5 MW within Jackson city limits. The ordinance cites the city's ongoing infrastructure-stabilization efforts on water, wastewater, drainage, and electrical reliability. Routine maintenance, public-safety facilities, and previously approved projects are exempt. A vote had not been finalized in the surveyed sources. The action follows Prado AI's March proposal for an industrial campus including a data center, semiconductor factory, and an exclusive 350 MW natural gas plant. May 20, 2026: The City Council TABLED the proposed 183-day moratorium (>5 MW) over zoning-procedure requirements; opponents framed the delay as a setback.", "sources": [ "https://www.wlbt.com/2026/04/20/jackson-city-councilman-seeking-temporary-moratorium-data-centers/", "https://jacksonms.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Regular-City-Council-Meeting-Agenda-4.20.2026-REVISED.pdf", "https://www.wlbt.com/2026/05/20/public-sees-who-did-it-council-tables-ordinance-putting-moratorium-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "community_impact", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Pause data center development with 183-day moratorium", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "tredyffrin-township-chester-county-pa-2026-04-21", "jurisdiction": "Tredyffrin Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Chester County", "lat": 40.0556, "lng": -75.4663, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Tredyffrin Township Board of Supervisors voted unanimously on April 21, 2026 to authorize township staff and the solicitor to draft zoning amendments regarding data centers. No applications have been submitted in Tredyffrin, but the action responds to two large Chester County data center proposals (each nearly 2 million sq ft) facing significant public opposition in neighboring municipalities (East Vincent, North Coventry, East Whiteland). Chester and Montgomery Counties released joint guidance on data center ordinances earlier in April covering zoning districts, aesthetics, water usage, noise, and energy sources.", "sources": [ "https://www.inquirer.com/news/pennsylvania/tredyffrin-data-center-ordinance-20260421.html" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "design_standards", "noise", "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Authorize draft zoning amendments to regulate data centers in Tredyffrin Township", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "genesee-county-gcedc-stamp-ny-2026-04-16", "jurisdiction": "Genesee County Economic Development Center (GCEDC)", "state": "NY", "county": "Genesee County", "lat": 43.0967, "lng": -78.3947, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-04-16", "status": "active", "company": "STREAM US Data Centers / Apollo Global Management", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Double Reed", "investment_million_usd": 19460, "megawatts": 500, "acreage": 130, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "GCEDC held a supplemental public hearing on April 16, 2026 at 4 p.m. at the Town of Alabama Fire Hall on a proposed roughly $1.5 billion sales tax exemption package (plus $31+ million in mortgage tax exemptions) for STREAM US Data Centers' $19.46 billion data center at the STAMP site. The original March 19 hearing was invalidated due to a livestream/recording glitch; written comments were extended to April 17. A subsequent hearing on the broader incentive package on April 17 saw most of those who spoke opposing the project, with concerns about environmental impacts, energy demand, water use, and impact on the Tonawanda Seneca Nation territory adjacent to the site.", "sources": [ "https://orleanshub.com/hearing-on-incentives-for-massive-data-center-at-stamp-shows-strong-opposition-for-project/", "https://orleanshub.com/community-sends-clear-message-that-data-center-not-wanted-at-stamp-site/", "https://spectrumlocalnews.com/nys/rochester/news/2026/04/17/massive-western-n-y--data-center-plan-sparks-heated-debate", "https://investigativepost.org/2026/04/17/residents-again-blast-proposed-data-center/" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "Hold supplemental public hearing on $1.5B+ tax incentive package for STREAM US Data Centers' STAMP project", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "harford-county-md-2026-04-21", "jurisdiction": "Harford County Council", "state": "MD", "county": "Harford County", "lat": 39.5337, "lng": -76.3471, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "legislation" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "pending", "company": "CloudHQ", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 260, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Our Land, Our Home, Our Harford" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Councilmember Jacob Bennett officially introduced Bill 26-005 at the Harford County Council meeting on Tuesday, April 21, 2026, proposing a 90-day moratorium on data center development. The proposal responds to a developer's plan to build a data center on the 260+ acre Mountain Branch Golf Course in Joppa (developer reported as CloudHQ). Council members signaled \"universal agreement.\" The proposal also has the support of County Executive Bob Cassilly. A public hearing on the moratorium is scheduled for May 19 before the pause becomes official. Bennett indicated openness to extending the pause beyond 90 days. Community group Our Land, Our Home, Our Harford has organized in response. May 7, 2026: County Executive Bob Cassilly proposed legislation to permanently BAN data centers countywide; public hearing May 18, County Council vote scheduled June 1.", "sources": [ "https://www.wmar2news.com/news/region/harford-county/harford-county-council-introduces-bill-to-pause-data-center-development-after-community-pushback", "https://www.baltimoresun.com/2026/04/21/harford-council-mulls-data-center-pause/", "https://www.baltimoresun.com/2026/04/20/harford-moratorium-data-centers/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/harford-county-maryland-could-impose-90-day-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "https://foxbaltimore.com/news/local/harford-county-council-member-plans-to-introduce-data-center-moratorium-energy", { "url": "https://www.baltimoresun.com/2026/05/07/cassilly-proposes-permanent-data-center-ban/", "title": "Cassilly proposes permanent data center ban" }, { "url": "https://nottinghammd.com/2026/05/07/county-executive-cassilly-proposes-legislation-to-permanently-ban-data-centers-in-harford-county/", "title": "County Executive Cassilly proposes legislation to permanently ban data centers" }, { "url": "https://www.cbsnews.com/baltimore/news/harford-county-executives-proposed-bill-aims-to-ban-data-centers/", "title": "Harford County executive's bill aims to ban data centers" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Enact 90-day moratorium on data center development in Harford County (Bill 26-005)", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "delaware-statewide-de-2026-04-24", "jurisdiction": "State of Delaware", "state": "DE", "county": null, "lat": 39.0, "lng": -75.5, "action_type": [ "study_or_report", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2026-04-24", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) released a Siemens Energy analysis on April 24, 2026 showing that doubling energy demand by 2029 — driven by data centers — could cause average wholesale electricity prices in Delaware to rise more than 80%. Delmarva Power said winter peak electricity demand in its Delaware service area would likely double if five planned New Castle County data centers are built. Wholesale prices would spike especially high in southern Delaware due to transmission line congestion. Even without new data centers, wholesale prices could rise 9% from regional demand; an additional 9% if just Delaware's largest proposed data center is built. The state is exploring a large-load tariff for data centers, small modular nuclear reactors, and allowing Delmarva Power to generate its own power. April 25, 2026: Delaware State Senate unanimously passed SB 276 freeing Delaware Electric Cooperative from serving 50+ MW loads. May 5, 2026: Delaware House passed first data-center safeguard bill along party lines, creating separate rate classes and requiring PSC approval before large data centers operate.", "sources": [ "https://spotlightdelaware.org/2026/04/24/data-centers-could-almost-double-wholesale-electricity-prices-in-delaware/", "https://www.newsfromthestates.com/article/report-data-centers-could-cause-wholesale-electricity-prices-spike-delaware", { "url": "https://legis.delaware.gov/BillDetail/141207", "title": "Delaware SB 276 bill detail" }, { "url": "https://spotlightdelaware.org/2026/04/27/delaware-electric-cooperative-could-reject-data-centers-under-new-bill/", "title": "Delaware Electric Cooperative could reject data centers" }, { "url": "https://baytobaynews.com/stories/delaware-house-passes-data-center-regulation-bill-along-party-lines,316597", "title": "Delaware House passes data center regulation bill" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Quantify wholesale electricity price impact of data center load growth in Delaware", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "richland-parish-pilot-la-2024-07-01", "jurisdiction": "Richland Parish Police Jury", "state": "LA", "county": "Richland Parish", "lat": 32.4776, "lng": -91.7576, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "date": "2024-07-01", "status": "passed", "company": "Meta (via Laidley LLC)", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": "Hyperion", "investment_million_usd": 10000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 2250, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 500, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In a special weekday-afternoon meeting with no opposition present, the Richland Parish Police Jury approved a 30-year PILOT (Payment In Lieu of Taxes) agreement with Laidley LLC, Meta's Delaware-based subsidiary for the Hyperion data center. PILOT distributes property-tax payments 53% to the Richland Parish Law Enforcement District, 35% to the Police Jury, and 12% to the Richland Parish School Board. Meta will pay only 20%-40% of full ad valorem tax — capped at 20% if it hits 'PILOT Level 4' ($10B invested, 500 jobs) by 2032. Meta also receives Louisiana's 30-year sales/use tax rebate under Act 730 / HB 827.", "sources": [ "https://www.shreveportbossieradvocate.com/business/a-first-look-at-lease-terms-tax-benefits-for-richland-meta-ai-data-center/article_037b70ea-c6dc-11ef-b454-1331871da095.html", "https://itep.org/states-are-opening-a-pandoras-box-of-data-centers/", "https://investlouisiana.org/louisianas-data-center-incentives-big-promises-bigger-questions/", "https://sherwood.news/tech/hyperion/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Approve 30-year PILOT tax abatement for Meta's Hyperion data center", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "louisiana-act-730-data-center-tax-la-2024-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Louisiana Legislature", "state": "LA", "county": null, "lat": 30.4583, "lng": -91.1403, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2024-06-01", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Louisiana Legislature passed HB827 (Act 730 of the 2024 Regular Session), authored to attract data centers like Meta's Hyperion. The act provides a 20-year sales and use tax rebate on data-center equipment and construction (renewable for 10 more years — among the longest such breaks in the US). To qualify, a project must create 50 direct permanent jobs and spend $200M+ in capital by July 1, 2029. Sales-tax exemptions across three signed Louisiana data center deals (Meta, Hut 8, Amazon) are projected to abate $3.3B-$3.6B in construction tax revenue.", "sources": [ "https://investlouisiana.org/louisianas-data-center-incentives-big-promises-bigger-questions/", "https://www.nola.com/news/data-center-meta-amazon-louisiana-tax-break/article_6ccd632e-f470-425a-ad8b-0fba3916bd4d.html", "https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=1186787" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Enact 20-30 year sales-tax rebate to attract hyperscaler data centers", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "louisiana-alj-meta-intervention-dismissal-la-2025-07-01", "jurisdiction": "Louisiana Administrative Law Judge (LPSC Docket U-37425)", "state": "LA", "county": null, "lat": 30.4583, "lng": -91.1403, "action_type": [ "lawsuit", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2025-04-04", "status": "defeated", "company": "Meta / Entergy", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": "Hyperion", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club", "Alliance for Affordable Energy", "Union of Concerned Scientists" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Baton Rouge administrative law judge Melanie Verzwyvelt dismissed a challenge by environmental and consumer nonprofits — Sierra Club, Alliance for Affordable Energy, and Union of Concerned Scientists — that sought to compel Meta and its subsidiary Laidley LLC to join Entergy Louisiana's PSC proceedings as parties so they could be examined on jobs and sustainability claims. Judge Verzwyvelt ruled Meta did not need to be a party to Entergy's gas-plant proceedings in LPSC Docket U-37425.", "sources": [ "https://www.govtech.com/artificial-intelligence/judge-dismisses-challenge-to-metas-louisiana-data-center", "https://www.nola.com/news/environment/meta-data-center-ai-louisiana-entergy-facebook/article_3200c9e6-d23c-469a-84a9-c8256551b6af.html", "https://www.thecentersquare.com/louisiana/article_8d1be11e-90bf-440b-af95-1f6395b75f27.html" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Compel Meta to be examined as a party in Entergy's PSC gas-plant case", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "rayville-sierra-club-meta-town-hall-la-2025-11-17", "jurisdiction": "Rayville (Sierra Club Delta Chapter town hall)", "state": "LA", "county": "Richland Parish", "lat": 32.4776, "lng": -91.7576, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "other_opposition" ], "date": "2025-11-17", "status": "active", "company": "Meta", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": "Hyperion", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Delta Chapter" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/rural-louisiana-meta-s-new-data-center-promises-growth-what-cost", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Sierra Club Delta Chapter (chair Angelle Bradford Rosenberg) hosted a town-hall meeting at Johnny's Pizza House in Rayville to organize community opposition to Meta's Hyperion data center and the planned Entergy gas plants. The meeting drew local experts and representatives from community, worker, and environmental groups, with comparative testimony from data-center communities in Virginia, Georgia, and Tennessee on air quality, electricity rates, water usage, and jobs. Sierra Club used the event to prepare for upcoming LDEQ air-permit hearings and to organize farmers, faith leaders, and landowners.", "sources": [ "https://www.myarklamiss.com/news/louisiana-delta-chapter-of-the-sierra-club-hosts-town-hall-meeting-in-rayville-about-meta-project/", "https://press-herald.com/sierra-club-to-host-town-hall-on-meta-data-center-impacts/", "https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/rural-louisiana-meta-s-new-data-center-promises-growth-what-cost", "https://www.richlandtoday.com/article/959,sierra-club-raises-concerns-over-meta" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "ratepayer", "water", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "Organize community opposition to Meta's Hyperion data center and gas plants", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "ldeq-titanium-power-station-air-permit-hearing-la-2025-11-19", "jurisdiction": "Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LDEQ)", "state": "LA", "county": "Richland Parish", "lat": 32.4776, "lng": -91.7576, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2025-11-19", "status": "active", "company": "Entergy", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": "Hyperion (Titanium Advanced Power Station)", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 2262, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Delta Chapter" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "LDEQ held a public hearing on environmental and air permits for Entergy's gas-fired generating units at the Titanium Advanced Power Station near Holly Ridge — the former Franklin Farms site adjacent to Meta's Hyperion data center. Community members spoke for and against the air permits, with Sierra Club Delta Chapter raising air-quality concerns from gas-plant emissions for what is now an aggregate 7.5 GW of generation across the 10 plants planned for Meta's Hyperion / Project Everest campus.", "sources": [ "https://www.knoe.com/2025/11/19/community-speaks-environmental-permits-entergy-power-plant/", "https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/rural-louisiana-meta-s-new-data-center-promises-growth-what-cost", "https://www.deq.louisiana.gov/public-notices" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Public testimony on Entergy gas-plant air permits at Hyperion site", "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Validation: CONFIRMED with primary/secondary corroboration. Entergy Louisiana's full package is three 1x1 CCCT units of 754 MW each = 2,262 MW total. The Power Magazine evidence URL plus independent searches (Lou", "added": "2026-06-19" } ] }, { "id": "holly-ridge-protect-petition-la-2025-11-19", "jurisdiction": "Holly Ridge / Richland Parish", "state": "LA", "county": "Richland Parish", "lat": 32.4776, "lng": -91.7576, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "date": "2025-11-19", "status": "active", "company": "Meta", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": "Hyperion", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Holly Ridge residents" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": "https://www.change.org/p/protect-holly-ridge-stop-the-chaos-from-meta-s-data-center-construction", "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "A Change.org petition 'Protect Holly Ridge: Stop the Chaos from Meta's Data Center Construction' launched, demanding the rerouting of heavy truck traffic away from Holly Ridge Elementary School and residential areas, enforcement of safety standards for drivers and vehicles entering the Hyperion site, an investigation into repeated power and water disruptions affecting residents, and compensation for those most impacted. The petition followed police data showing a 600% spike in vehicle crashes (64 crashes Jan-mid-Sep 2025 vs. 9 in all of 2024), 3 truck crashes near the elementary school that forced playground shutdown, and daily traffic counts that tripled from 1,817 in Feb 2022 to 5,224 in July 2025. Residents report rust-colored water, unannounced power outages, and that Meta has not contacted them despite repeated complaints to city and police.", "sources": [ "https://www.change.org/p/protect-holly-ridge-stop-the-chaos-from-meta-s-data-center-construction", "https://lailluminator.com/2025/11/22/meta-data-center-crashes/", "https://www.wwno.org/local-regional-news/2025-11-19/construction-on-metas-largest-data-center-brings-600-crash-spike-chaos-to-rural-louisiana", "https://veritenews.org/2025/11/20/louisiana-meta-data-center-construction-vehicle-crashes/", "https://futurism.com/artificial-intelligence/meta-hyperion-data-center-louisiana" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "traffic", "community_impact", "water" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "Petition Meta and local officials to address traffic, safety, water, and power disruptions in Holly Ridge", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "louisiana-psc-lightning-amendment-la-2025-12-17", "jurisdiction": "Louisiana Public Service Commission", "state": "LA", "county": null, "lat": 30.4583, "lng": -91.1403, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2025-12-17", "status": "passed", "company": "Entergy / Meta", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": "Hyperion / Project Everest", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Alliance for Affordable Energy", "Louisiana Energy Users Group", "Union of Concerned Scientists" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Louisiana Public Service Commission voted 3-2 to adopt Commissioner Jean-Paul Coussan's 'Lightning Amendment,' establishing a streamlined approval pathway for large-load customers like data centers. Inspired by Gov. Jeff Landry's September 2025 executive order creating the 'Lightning Speed Initiative,' the amendment cuts review timelines from ~2 years to 8 months, requires only a 15-year minimum power-supply agreement against 30-year plant lifespans, requires a letter from the Louisiana Economic Development secretary, and demands the data-center customer cover ≥50% of new power-plant cost; the standard 'least-cost' market check is waived. Commissioner Davante Lewis's competing rulemaking (D-3) for ratepayer protections, definitions, and stranded-asset rules was deferred 4-1. Lewis: 'we tied our hands behind our back, put an eyepatch over one eye and then gave a wink to the utilities and these large hyperscalers with the other eye.' Alliance for Affordable Energy and Louisiana Energy Users Group voiced opposition.", "sources": [ "https://lailluminator.com/2025/12/19/electricity-data-centers/", "https://www.ksla.com/2025/12/15/commissioner-introduce-proposed-rules-large-electric-loads-amid-data-center-expansion/", "https://www.wwno.org/coastal-desk/2025-12-17/in-tense-meeting-louisiana-psc-fast-tracks-pathway-for-large-projects-like-data-centers", "https://thelensnola.org/2026/02/18/louisiana-lightning-amendment-ai-data-centers-ratepayer-costs/", "https://blog.ucs.org/paul-arbaje/louisiana-regulators-try-to-shut-public-out-of-data-center-policymaking-again/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "transparency", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Establish fast-track 8-month PSC pathway for data-center power approvals", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "earthjustice-meta-financing-motion-la-2026-01-14", "jurisdiction": "Louisiana Public Service Commission (Docket U-37425)", "state": "LA", "county": null, "lat": 30.4583, "lng": -91.1403, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-01-14", "status": "active", "company": "Meta / Blue Owl Capital", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": "Hyperion", "investment_million_usd": 27294, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Earthjustice", "Alliance for Affordable Energy", "Union of Concerned Scientists", "IEEFA" ], "opposition_website": "https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/louisiana-regulators-asked-to-investigate-shady-meta-financing-deal-that-could-leave-households-paying-for-tech-giants-electricity", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Earthjustice, on behalf of the Alliance for Affordable Energy and the Union of Concerned Scientists, filed a Motion to Investigate in LPSC Docket U-37425, asking the commission to scrutinize Meta's $27.3B 'Frankenstein financing' with Blue Owl Capital. The deal uses bankruptcy-remote SPV Beignet Investor LLC, which owns 80% of the Hyperion joint venture (Meta retains 20%) and gives Meta a 4-year walkaway right against 30-year gas-plant lifespans. IEEFA submitted supporting testimony estimating ratepayers could be stuck with hundreds of millions to billions of dollars in stranded-asset costs in the 2040s if Meta exits.", "sources": [ "https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/louisiana-regulators-asked-to-investigate-shady-meta-financing-deal-that-could-leave-households-paying-for-tech-giants-electricity", "https://earthjustice.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/u-37425-motion-to-investigate-meta-hyperion-data-center-project.pdf", "https://www.all4energy.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/2026-01-14-U-37425-AAE-UCS-Mtn-for-Investigation.pdf", "https://www.rtoinsider.com/123510-earthjustice-change-louisiana-meta-data-center-funding-fishy/", "https://ieefa.org/resources/ieefa-submits-testimony-louisiana-public-service-commission" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "transparency", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Compel PSC investigation of Meta-Blue Owl SPV financing structure", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "evest-llc-everest-application-la-2026-03-25", "jurisdiction": "Louisiana Public Service Commission (Project Everest application)", "state": "LA", "county": null, "lat": 30.4583, "lng": -91.1403, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2026-03-25", "status": "pending", "company": "Meta (via Evest LLC) / Entergy", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": "Project Everest (second Meta data center)", "investment_million_usd": 21000, "megawatts": 5200, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Alliance for Affordable Energy", "Earthjustice", "Union of Concerned Scientists" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Meta subsidiary Evest LLC filed an application with the Louisiana Public Service Commission seeking approval of the generation and transmission resources tied to a 20-year contract for 'Project Everest,' a SECOND Meta data-center campus in Richland Parish separate from Hyperion. The application requests seven additional gas-fired power plants on top of the three already approved for Hyperion — totaling 10 plants and 7.5 GW of new gas generation, plus 2.5 GW of solar/storage. AAE estimates the cost above $21B. Evest's contract is only 20 years against 30-year plant lifespans. Entergy invoked the new Lightning Initiative pathway to bypass standard competitive bidding and the administrative law judge's formal recommendation.", "sources": [ "https://thelensnola.org/2026/04/14/meta-project-evest-louisiana-energy-expansion-costs-entergy/", "https://www.wrkf.org/2026-04-14/entergy-wants-to-fast-track-21b-meta-deal-as-psc-commissioner-advocates-sound-alarm", "https://san.com/cc/in-race-for-ai-data-centers-regulators-move-to-fast-track-louisiana-gas-plants/", "https://thelensnola.org/2026/04/03/meta-entergy-louisiana-power-plants-ai-data-centers-2/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "transparency", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Seek PSC approval for $21B in gas plants and solar/storage to power Meta's second data center", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "senate-epw-whitehouse-meta-inquiry-us-2025-05-01", "jurisdiction": "U.S. Senate Environment and Public Works Committee", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": null, "lng": null, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-05-01", "status": "active", "company": "Meta", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": "Hyperion", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Senator Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI), Ranking Member of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee, sent a letter to Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg launching an inquiry into Meta's fossil-fuel expansion tied to the Hyperion data center. The letter demanded answers about how three new Entergy gas plants squared with Meta's claim of net-zero global operations and 2030 net-zero value-chain target, and sought transparency on Meta's purported carbon-capture project and financial contribution. Response was demanded by May 28, 2025. The probe was followed by a joint Senate Democrat investigation (Warren / Van Hollen / Blumenthal) in December 2025 asking Meta and other hyperscalers to disclose how data-center costs are passed to consumers.", "sources": [ "https://www.epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2025/5/whitehouse-to-meta-pivot-to-embrace-fossil-fuel-expansion-threatens-economy-undermines-climate-safety-commitments", "https://www.fastcompany.com/91334846/meta-is-building-a-new-data-center-in-louisiana-and-this-senate-committee-wants-to-know-why-its-being-powered-by-gas-exclusive", "https://www.warren.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/senator-warren-lawmakers-open-investigation-into-big-tech-data-centers-role-in-driving-up-families-utility-costs", "https://www.latitudemedia.com/news/senate-democrats-probe-gas-powered-ai-data-centers/", "https://www.eenews.net/articles/senators-probe-tech-companies-over-data-center-pollution/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "federal", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Senate inquiry into Meta's gas-powered data center and climate commitments", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "richland-parish-meta-water-permit-la-2025-12-01", "jurisdiction": "Richland Parish (Mississippi River Alluvial Aquifer water withdrawal)", "state": "LA", "county": "Richland Parish", "lat": 32.4776, "lng": -91.7576, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2025-12-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Meta", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "project_name": "Hyperion", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 23000000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Delta Chapter" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Louisiana approved Meta's water-withdrawal request of up to 23 million gallons per day (8.4 billion gallons per year) from the Mississippi River Alluvial Aquifer for the Hyperion data center. Meta claims actual usage will be 500-600M gallons per year via closed-loop cooling. Frank Tsai, Director of LSU's Louisiana Water Resources Research Institute, ran a 17-year simulation finding that maximum-use scenarios could drop groundwater levels by more than 65 feet in some areas, creating a 'cone of depression' extending beyond the facility footprint and risking permanent land subsidence and saltwater intrusion. Meta's third-party study received state approval despite the aquifer's existing vulnerability. Holly Ridge residents have reported rust-colored water since construction began.", "sources": [ "https://www.nola.com/news/environment/meta-louisiana-data-center-water-ai/article_d27dea17-d571-453c-b5a5-0deb571ea272.html", "https://www.wbrz.com/news/meta-s-louisiana-data-center-causing-concern-over-water-usage", "https://themiddleland.com/water-and-safety-risks-mount-as-meta-builds-massive-ai-facility-in-louisiana/", "https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2019/3005/fs20193005.pdf" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "water", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "State approval of 23M gpd groundwater withdrawal from Mississippi River Alluvial Aquifer", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "memphis-selc-schd-letter-tn-2024-08-26", "jurisdiction": "Shelby County Health Department (xAI enforcement letter)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.059, "lng": -90.1242, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2024-08-26", "status": "active", "company": "xAI (CTC Property LLC)", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 1", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 422, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "SELC", "MCAP", "Young Gifted & Green", "Sierra Club Tennessee Chapter / Chickasaw Group" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.selc.org/news/elon-musks-xai-facility-is-polluting-south-memphis/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "SELC, MCAP, Young Gifted & Green, and Sierra Club Tennessee Chapter / Chickasaw Group sent a joint letter to Shelby County Health Department Director Dr. Michelle Taylor demanding investigation of xAI's Colossus 1 facility for operating up to 35 methane gas turbines (combined ~422 MW) without preconstruction or operating air permits. SCHD's August 2024 response asserted 'mobile' generators don't require permits — a position SELC and partner groups disputed throughout subsequent enforcement requests.", "sources": [ "https://interactive.localmemphis.com/pdfs/2024-08-26-Letter-to-SCHD-re-xAI-operating-without-permits.pdf", "https://www.selc.org/news/elon-musks-xai-facility-is-polluting-south-memphis/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "environmental", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "Demand SCHD enforcement against xAI's unpermitted gas turbines", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "epa-region4-schd-xai-inquiry-tn-2024-11-01", "jurisdiction": "EPA Region 4 (xAI Memphis inquiry)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.059, "lng": -90.1242, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2024-11-01", "status": "resolved", "company": "xAI (CTC Property LLC)", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 1", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "EPA Region 4 sent a letter to the Shelby County Health Department announcing a 'Regulatory Interpretation' would follow because EPA needed 'more specific information about the generator units operating at the xAI site.' The federal inquiry escalated the Colossus 1 unpermitted-turbines controversy from a local enforcement question to a federal regulatory matter. [Validation 2026-06-19: status -> 'resolved' per https://www.aol.com/finance/elon-musk-xai-datacenter-generating-000942768.html.]", "sources": [ "https://prismreports.org/2025/06/18/xai-memphis-data-center-pollution/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "federal", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "environmental", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "Federal EPA inquiry into xAI generator-permitting status", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "tva-xai-150mw-supply-tn-2024-11-07", "jurisdiction": "Tennessee Valley Authority (xAI 150 MW supply)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.059, "lng": -90.1242, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation" ], "date": "2024-11-07", "status": "approved", "company": "xAI (CTC Property LLC)", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 1", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 150, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "MCAP", "SELC" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The TVA Board voted to approve a 150 MW power supply contract to xAI's Colossus 1 facility (operating as CTC Property LLC), citing xAI was 'meeting or exceeding conditions' set by Memphis Light, Gas & Water — including energy storage and recycled water. TVA approval is required for any new load above 100 MW. Memphis-area opponents including MCAP and SELC objected.", "sources": [ "https://www.actionnews5.com/2024/11/07/tva-approves-providing-power-xai-facility/", "https://hoodline.com/2024/11/tennessee-valley-authority-approves-150mw-power-supply-to-elon-musk-s-xai-gigafactory-of-compute-in-memphis-amid-environmental-concerns/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Approve TVA 150 MW supply for xAI Colossus 1", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "memphis-schd-xai-15-turbine-application-tn-2025-01-15", "jurisdiction": "Shelby County Health Department (xAI 15-turbine air permit application)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.059, "lng": -90.1242, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2025-01-15", "status": "pending", "company": "xAI (CTC Property LLC)", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 1", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 247, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "SELC", "NAACP", "MCAP", "Young Gifted & Green" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "CTC Property LLC, an xAI affiliate, applied to the Shelby County Health Department for an air construction permit for 15 Solar SMT-130 stationary gas turbines providing 300 MW of continuous power at 3231 Paul R. Lowry Rd. Trinity Consultants prepared the application; the proposed facility would run 24/7 for at least 5 years. SCHD ultimately received over 1,700 public comments opposing the permit.", "sources": [ "https://prismreports.org/2025/06/18/xai-memphis-data-center-pollution/", "https://www.localmemphis.com/article/news/local/shelby-county-health-department-xai-turbines/522-fc5a1114-1023-43ec-a11f-e748447cba84" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "environmental", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "xAI seeks SCHD air permit for 15 stationary gas turbines", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "memphis-city-council-xai-water-plant-land-tn-2025-03-04", "jurisdiction": "Memphis City Council (Colossus Water Recycle Plant land sale)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.059, "lng": -90.1242, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "other_opposition" ], "date": "2025-03-04", "status": "passed", "company": "xAI", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus Water Recycle Plant", "investment_million_usd": 80, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 13, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 13000000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Memphis City Council members (Cooper-Sutton, Walker, Ford Sr.)" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Memphis City Council gave final approval to sell 13 acres south of the T.E. Maxson Wastewater Treatment Plant to xAI for $820,000 to build the $80M 'Colossus Water Recycle Plant.' Councilmembers Yolanda Cooper-Sutton, Pearl Eva Walker, and Edmund Ford Sr. opposed, demanding more transparency. The plant was designed to process 13M gallons/day of effluent for cooling — sparing the Memphis Sand Aquifer. xAI later paused the project indefinitely in April 2026.", "sources": [ "https://wreg.com/news/memphis-city-council-approves-xai-land-deal/", "https://dailymemphian.com/section/metrocity-of-memphis/article/50612/xai-memphis-city-council-final-approval-land-deal-southwest" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "water", "transparency", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Approve land sale to xAI for Colossus Water Recycle Plant", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "shelby-county-commission-xai-hearing-resolution-tn-2025-04-01", "jurisdiction": "Shelby County Commission (xAI public hearing resolution)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.149534, "lng": -89.987343, "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2025-04-01", "status": "passed", "company": "xAI (CTC Property LLC)", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 1", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Shelby County Commission voted 8-3-1 to pass a resolution urging the Shelby County Health Department to schedule a public hearing on xAI's permit application for 15 methane turbines. A subsequent April 2025 resolution called on xAI, TVA, MLGW, and the Greater Memphis Chamber to provide updates on when xAI could end its dependence on methane turbines. SCHD Director Dr. Michelle Taylor backed the public-hearing call, which culminated in the April 25 SCHD hearing at Fairley High.", "sources": [ "https://www.actionnews5.com/2025/04/01/shelby-county-commissioners-vote-urge-health-dept-hold-hearing-xai-gas-turbines/", "https://www.fox13memphis.com/news/shelby-county-commission-approves-public-health-hearing-on-xais-plans-for-gas-turbines/article_dbc68c46-2dd5-4e61-b4a0-2f9dcc1f1285.html" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "air_quality", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Compel SCHD to hold public hearing on xAI's gas-turbine permit", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "memphis-selc-schd-second-letter-tn-2025-04-09", "jurisdiction": "Shelby County Health Department (SELC second xAI letter)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.059, "lng": -90.1242, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2025-04-09", "status": "active", "company": "xAI (CTC Property LLC)", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 1", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "SELC", "NAACP", "Young Gifted & Green", "MCAP" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "New SELC aerial imagery and thermal data revealed xAI had nearly doubled the number of on-site gas turbines at Colossus 1 to 35 (against 15 it had applied to permit). SELC, on behalf of NAACP, Young Gifted & Green, and MCAP, sent a follow-up letter to SCHD Director Dr. Michelle Taylor demanding enforcement. SELC estimated annual NOx emissions of 1,200-2,000 tons, making xAI likely the largest industrial emitter of NOx in Memphis.", "sources": [ "https://interactive.localmemphis.com/pdfs/2025-04-09_Letter_from_SELC_et_al._to_SCHD_re_xAI's_New_Turbines.pdf", "https://www.selc.org/press-release/new-images-reveal-elon-musks-xai-datacenter-has-nearly-doubled-its-number-of-polluting-unpermitted-gas-turbines/", "https://www.cnbc.com/2025/04/10/elon-musks-xai-accused-polluting-air-in-memphis-selc-says-in-letter.html" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "environmental", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "Demand SCHD enforcement after xAI doubled to 35 unpermitted turbines", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "memphis-schd-xai-fairley-hearing-tn-2025-04-25", "jurisdiction": "Memphis (SCHD public hearing — Fairley High School)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.059, "lng": -90.1242, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-04-25", "status": "active", "company": "xAI (CTC Property LLC)", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 1", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 247, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "SELC", "NAACP", "MCAP", "Young Gifted & Green", "Boxtown Neighborhood Association", "Sierra Club" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Hundreds packed Fairley High School for the Shelby County Health Department's public hearing on xAI's 15-turbine permit. xAI representatives were drowned out by boos; one attendee was escorted out. State Rep. Justin J. Pearson, Boxtown Neighborhood Association (Barbara Britton), MCAP, Young Gifted & Green, and SELC organized a 'Deny the Permit' rally outside. Boxtown residents testified to respiratory problems and constant gas smell. SCHD ultimately received 1,700+ public comments. More Perfect Union filmed a viral documentary at the hearing.", "sources": [ "https://wreg.com/news/xai-hearing-draws-hundreds-becomes-heated-debate/", "https://www.fox13memphis.com/news/rally-decrying-xai-permit-to-be-held-outside-health-department-wednesday/article_1a41789b-fa2a-42b2-93c3-82c071ef07f0.html", "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3VJT2JeDCyw" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "environmental", "community_impact", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Public hearing on xAI Colossus 1 air permit", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "selc-epa-ozone-petition-tn-2025-06-05", "jurisdiction": "EPA (Memphis ozone non-attainment petition)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.059, "lng": -90.1242, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-06-05", "status": "pending", "company": "xAI", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 1", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "SELC" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "SELC filed a petition with EPA asking the agency to formally redesignate the Memphis area as in non-attainment of the 2015 Ozone NAAQS, citing five air monitors showing clear violations and arguing xAI's Colossus 1 is likely the 'largest stationary source' of ozone-forming pollution in Shelby County. Memphis had been violating ozone standards for four straight years; a non-attainment finding would trigger stricter air-permit requirements for xAI and other facilities.", "sources": [ "https://tennesseelookout.com/2025/06/10/groups-petition-epa-to-act-as-ozone-levels-in-memphis-exceed-national-health-standards/", "https://mlk50.com/2025/06/06/selc-petitions-epa-to-say-memphis-area-in-violation-of-ozone-standards/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "federal", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "Petition EPA to designate Memphis as ozone non-attainment area", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "naacp-selc-xai-colossus1-noi-tn-2025-06-17", "jurisdiction": "Memphis (NAACP/SELC 60-day NOI to sue xAI Colossus 1)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.059, "lng": -90.1242, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-06-17", "status": "active", "company": "xAI (CTC Property LLC)", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 1", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "NAACP", "SELC", "Earthjustice", "MCAP" ], "opposition_website": "https://naacp.org/articles/elon-musks-xai-threatened-lawsuit-over-air-pollution-memphis-data-center-filed-behalf", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "SELC and Earthjustice, on behalf of the NAACP, sent xAI a 60-day Notice of Intent to Sue under the Clean Air Act over the 35 unpermitted gas turbines at Colossus 1 — the prerequisite for a citizen suit. KeShaun Pearson (MCAP), TN State Rep. Justin Pearson, and others held a press conference. The NOI alleged xAI failed to install best available pollution controls.", "sources": [ "https://512pixels.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/2025.06.17-SELC-Notice-of-Intent-to-Sue-for-Violations-of-the-Clean-Air-Act_with-Enclosures.pdf", "https://www.selc.org/press-release/elon-musks-xai-threatened-with-lawsuit-over-air-pollution-from-memphis-data-center/", "https://naacp.org/articles/elon-musks-xai-threatened-lawsuit-over-air-pollution-memphis-data-center-filed-behalf" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "environmental", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "60-day Notice of Intent to Sue xAI for Clean Air Act violations at Colossus 1", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "memphis-schd-xai-15-turbine-permit-tn-2025-07-02", "jurisdiction": "Shelby County Health Department (xAI 15-turbine permit issuance)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.059, "lng": -90.1242, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2025-07-02", "status": "approved", "company": "xAI (CTC Property LLC)", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 1", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 247, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "SELC", "NAACP", "Young Gifted & Green", "MCAP", "Sierra Club" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Despite 1,700+ comments and the April Fairley High hearing uproar, SCHD approved an operating permit for 15 stationary Solar SMT-130 gas turbines at 3231 Paul R. Lowry Rd, allowing 24/7 operation through January 2027. Conditions: cannot exceed 13.71 tons/yr HAPs or 9.79 tons/yr formaldehyde, semiannual testing required. xAI claimed the facility 'would be the lowest-emitting of its type.' State Rep. Justin Pearson called it 'a clean, clear-cut case of environmental racism.'", "sources": [ "https://www.selc.org/press-release/memphis-health-leaders-grant-air-permit-for-xai-data-center/", "https://www.cnbc.com/2025/07/03/musks-xai-gets-permit-for-turbines-to-power-supercomputer-in-memphis.html" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "environmental", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Issue 15-turbine air permit for xAI Colossus 1", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "memphis-apcb-xai-permit-appeal-tn-2025-07-15", "jurisdiction": "Memphis & Shelby County Air Pollution Control Board (xAI appeal filing)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.059, "lng": -90.1242, "action_type": [ "lawsuit", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2025-07-15", "status": "pending", "company": "xAI (CTC Property LLC)", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 1", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "NAACP", "Young Gifted & Green", "SELC" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "SELC, on behalf of NAACP and Young Gifted & Green, filed an appeal with the Memphis & Shelby County Air Pollution Control Board challenging both (a) the July 2 permit for 15 turbines and (b) SCHD's prior decisions allowing 35 unpermitted turbines under the 'nonroad/mobile' exemption. The appeal asked the Board to vacate the permit and rule that large gas turbines cannot qualify for the nonroad exemption.", "sources": [ "https://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/NAACP-and-YGGs-xAI-Air-Permit-Appeal-7-15-2025.pdf", "https://www.selc.org/press-release/groups-appeal-permit-for-xais-south-memphis-data-center-decisions-around-unpermitted-methane-gas-turbines/", "https://naacp.org/articles/naacp-and-advocacy-groups-appeal-permit-xais-south-memphis-data-center-decisions-around" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "environmental", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Appeal SCHD's xAI permit and 'nonroad' exemption decisions", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "memphis-xai-community-benefit-ordinance-tn-2025-08-01", "jurisdiction": "Memphis City Council (xAI Community Benefit Ordinance)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.059, "lng": -90.1242, "action_type": [ "ordinance", "community_benefit_agreement" ], "date": "2025-08-01", "status": "passed", "company": "xAI", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 1 / Colossus 2", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Memphis City Council unanimously passed Mayor Paul Young's ordinance allocating 25% of xAI's city property tax revenue — estimated at $3M-$3.2M of $13M first-year revenue, up to $100M over time — to communities within a 5-mile radius of the data centers (Boxtown, Whitehaven, Westwood). Funds are designated for community-center improvements, blight remediation, home and road repair, and public safety. A 38109 ZIP-code resident survey informed the spending priorities.", "sources": [ "https://www.fox13memphis.com/news/city-council-approves-tax-benefits-from-xai-for-surrounding-communities-in-south-memphis/article_2e980200-40a7-4a6e-8d23-e97e4dc1314d.html", "https://www.localmemphis.com/article/money/business/memphis-32m-xai-taxes-into-neighborhoods/522-b062ee6f-d9cc-40be-9816-cfd6b614076c", "https://mlk50.com/2025/07/18/38109-residents-asked-how-to-spend-money-from-xai-tax-payments/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "tax_incentive" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Direct 25% of xAI city property tax to surrounding neighborhoods", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "southaven-safe-and-sound-coalition-launch-ms-2025-11-24", "jurisdiction": "Southaven, DeSoto County (Safe and Sound Coalition launch)", "state": "MS", "county": "DeSoto County", "lat": 34.989, "lng": -90.007, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "date": "2025-11-24", "status": "litigation", "company": "xAI (MZX Tech LLC)", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 2 (Southaven power plant)", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 495, "acreage": 114, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Safe and Sound Coalition" ], "opposition_website": "https://safeandsound.info", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 700, "summary": "xAI subsidiary MZX Tech LLC purchased the 114-acre former Duke Energy / Kgen power-plant site at 2875 Stanton Road, Southaven (built 2003, dormant since 2004). Beginning summer 2025, xAI trucked in temporary gas turbines on tractor trailers; nine more arrived in December bringing the total to 27 turbines (~495 MW). Residents reported 'jet engine' noise, respiratory problems, eczema, and formaldehyde-linked illnesses. Shannon Samsa cofounded the Safe and Sound Coalition in response, building a campaign that ultimately gathered ~700 signatures demanding shutdown. [Validation 2026-06-19: status -> 'litigation' per https://mississippitoday.org/2026/04/15/data-center-turbines-southaven/.]", "sources": [ "https://www.mississippifreepress.org/as-musks-xai-data-centers-encroach-on-southaven-north-mississippi-residents-push-back/", "https://mississippitoday.org/2025/11/24/southaven-residents-fear-pollution-complain-of-noise-from-elon-musks-xai-data-center-turbines/", "https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/musks-ai-power-plant-generates-sound-fury-mississippi-rcna258594", "https://safeandsound.info" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "noise", "community_impact", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": "Organize Southaven residents against xAI's 27 unpermitted turbines", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "memphis-apcb-xai-appeal-dismissal-tn-2025-12-16", "jurisdiction": "Memphis & Shelby County Air Pollution Control Board (xAI appeal dismissed)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.059, "lng": -90.1242, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2025-12-16", "status": "defeated", "company": "xAI (CTC Property LLC)", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 1", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "NAACP", "SELC", "Young Gifted & Green", "Boxtown Neighborhood Association" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "After a seven-hour hearing on December 15, 2025, the Memphis & Shelby County Air Pollution Control Board voted 6-1 the next day to dismiss the SELC/NAACP/Young Gifted & Green appeal of the Colossus 1 air permit, citing 'mootness.' Boxtown residents and advocates expressed outrage; the decision left xAI's permit and prior unpermitted operations unchallenged at the local level, and pushed the litigation pressure to the federal NOI filed in June 2025.", "sources": [ "https://www.actionnews5.com/2025/12/16/shelby-co-air-pollution-control-board-denies-appeal-over-xais-turbine-use-citing-mootness/", "https://www.localmemphis.com/video/news/local/boxtown-residents-demand-answers-after-board-allows-xai-air-permit-to-stand/522-12677233-a83c-4f46-8dca-7da765ff39df", "https://www.memphisflyer.com/xai-permit-appeal-dismissed" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "environmental", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Appeal SCHD's xAI permit decisions before APCB", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "mississippi-xai-southaven-incentive-package-ms-2026-01-08", "jurisdiction": "Mississippi (xAI Southaven incentive package)", "state": "MS", "county": "DeSoto County", "lat": 34.989, "lng": -90.007, "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2026-01-08", "status": "approved", "company": "xAI (MZX Tech LLC)", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 2 (Southaven)", "investment_million_usd": 20000, "megawatts": 2000, "acreage": 114, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Safe and Sound Coalition", "NAACP" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Mississippi Gov. Tate Reeves announced xAI's $20B+ investment in Southaven — 'the largest private investment in Mississippi history.' The Mississippi Development Authority approved xAI for the state's Data Center Incentive (sales/use tax exemption on computing equipment plus a waiver of corporate income and franchise taxes via the 2024 data-center tax law). DeSoto County and Southaven also approved fee-in-lieu deals reducing property-tax burdens. Southaven Mayor Darren Musselwhite called the project 'game changing.' Total compute target: 2 GW. Operations targeted for February 2026.", "sources": [ "https://governorreeves.ms.gov/tech-leader-xai-investing-more-than-20-billion-in-southaven/", "https://magnoliatribune.com/2026/01/08/xai-investing-more-than-20-billion-in-southaven-data-center/", "https://mississippitoday.org/2026/01/08/mississippi-marketplace-xai-elon-musk-legislative-session-data-center/", "https://mississippi.org/news/tech-leader-xai-investing-more-than-20-billion-in-southaven/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "transparency", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "State and local tax incentives for xAI Southaven data center", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "tdec-xai-water-recycle-permit-tn-2026-01-15", "jurisdiction": "Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation (Colossus Water Recycle permit)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.059, "lng": -90.1242, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2026-01-15", "status": "approved", "company": "xAI (CTC Property LLC)", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus Water Recycle Plant", "investment_million_usd": 80, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 13, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 13000000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Our Aquifer" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.protectouraquifer.org/issues/xai-supercomputer", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation approved an operating permit for xAI affiliate CTC Property LLC to build the Colossus Water Recycle Plant. Protect Our Aquifer had submitted comments on July 5, 2025 supporting reuse but raising governance concerns about xAI ownership. The permit allowed processing of 13M gallons/day from the T.E. Maxson Wastewater Treatment Plant for cooling Colossus. xAI later paused construction indefinitely in April 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.memphisflyer.com/state-issues-operating-permit-for-colossus-water-plant/", "https://www.protectouraquifer.org/issues/xai-supercomputer" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "water", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "TDEC permit for Colossus Water Recycle Plant", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "epa-nsps-subpart-kkkka-final-rule-us-2026-01-15", "jurisdiction": "EPA (NSPS Subpart KKKKa final rule)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": null, "lng": null, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2026-01-15", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "EPA finalized 40 CFR Part 60, Subpart KKKKa — the revised New Source Performance Standards for stationary combustion turbines — effective January 15, 2026, closing the loophole xAI had exploited by claiming 'mobile/temporary' status for its Memphis turbines. Large new combustion turbines (>850 MMBtu/hr) operating above 45% capacity factor must use Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) for NOx control. The rule made future xAI expansions significantly more difficult and applies broadly to gas-powered data centers nationwide.", "sources": [ "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/01/15/2026-00677/new-source-performance-standards-review-for-stationary-combustion-turbines-and-stationary-gas", "https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2026-01/correct_fact-sheet-nsps-stationary-combustion-turbines.pdf", "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/01/16/musks-xai-faces-tougher-road-expanding-memphis-area-after-epa-update.html" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "federal", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "EPA closes 'mobile turbine' loophole and tightens NSPS for large combustion turbines", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "tennessee-hb1847-data-center-self-generation-tn-2026-01-26", "jurisdiction": "Tennessee Legislature (HB1847/SB2128 data-center self-generation)", "state": "TN", "county": null, "lat": 36.1627, "lng": -86.7816, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-01-26", "status": "signed", "company": "xAI", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 1 / Colossus 2", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 50, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "SELC" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Memphis Republican State Rep. Ed Butler introduced HB1847 (companion SB2128), which would allow data centers above 50 MW to generate or purchase their own electricity instead of buying from local utilities. Butler framed it as protecting ratepayers from rate hikes, but Trey Bussey (SELC) warned it 'would open the door to a massive influx of unregulated methane gas plants across the state.' The bill ties directly to xAI's behind-the-meter turbine model at Colossus 1 and Colossus 2. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: SB2128/HB1847 passed both chambers and was signed by Gov. Lee May 7, 2026 (Public Chapter 961, eff. May 18) — an industry-friendly self-generation law SELC warned opens the door to unregulated gas plants.", "sources": [ "https://wpln.org/post/elon-musks-xai-pollution-and-data-centers-what-you-need-to-know-about-a-tennessee-bill/", "https://tennesseestar.com/news/memphis-republican-submits-bill-to-block-power-companies-from-raising-rates-due-to-ai-data-centers/tpappert/2026/01/26/", { "url": "https://wapp.capitol.tn.gov/apps/BillInfo/Default?BillNumber=SB2128", "title": "TN SB2128 bill status" }, { "url": "https://tennesseelookout.com/2026/04/28/tennessee-bill-gives-data-centers-ability-to-self-power-with-limited-regulation/", "title": "TN bill lets data centers self-power with limited regulation" } ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Authorize >50 MW data centers to self-generate electricity outside utility regulation", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "tva-xai-300mw-supply-tn-2026-02-11", "jurisdiction": "Tennessee Valley Authority (xAI additional 150 MW)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.059, "lng": -90.1242, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation" ], "date": "2026-02-11", "status": "approved", "company": "xAI (CTC Property LLC)", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 1", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 300, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "SELC", "MCAP", "NAACP" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.selc.org/press-release/tva-dismisses-community-concerns-approves-power-agreement-for-controversial-xai-facility/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The TVA Board unanimously approved an additional 150 MW for CTC Property (xAI), bringing total contracted TVA supply to 300 MW. The same vote also extended operations of TVA coal-fired plants. SELC issued a press release titled 'TVA dismisses community concerns, approves power agreement for controversial xAI facility.' Environmental groups and Memphis City Council members criticized the decision.", "sources": [ "https://www.actionnews5.com/2026/02/12/tva-approves-power-increase-xai/", "https://wreg.com/news/local/tva-oks-additional-150-mw-of-electricity-for-xai-memphis-data-center/", "https://www.timesfreepress.com/news/2026/feb/11/tva-board-doubles-elon-musks-xai-power-allowance/", "https://www.selc.org/press-release/tva-dismisses-community-concerns-approves-power-agreement-for-controversial-xai-facility/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "TVA approval of additional 150 MW supply for xAI Colossus 1", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "rep-cohen-xai-emissions-letter-us-2026-02-13", "jurisdiction": "U.S. House Rep. Steve Cohen (xAI emissions transparency)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": null, "lng": null, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-13", "status": "active", "company": "xAI", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 1 / Colossus 2", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Following a February 13, 2026 independent health-impact analysis showing significant fine particulate matter and public-health risks across Shelby County from xAI's DeSoto County operations, Rep. Steve Cohen (TN-9) wrote to xAI demanding transparency on emissions data, environmental controls, operational plans, and advance public notice of future power-generation activities. Cohen cited the cumulative pollution burden on Boxtown, Westwood, and Whitehaven communities.", "sources": [ "https://cohen.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/congressman-cohen-seeks-greater-transparency-xai-its-power-generation", "https://tradersunion.com/news/billionaires/show/242727-cohen-xai-emissions/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "federal", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "air_quality", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Demand xAI emissions and operations transparency", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "memphis-xai-tulane-construction-permit-tn-2026-03-03", "jurisdiction": "Memphis & Shelby County Planning (xAI Tulane Rd construction permit)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.0428, "lng": -90.0418, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2026-03-03", "status": "pending", "company": "xAI", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 2 (Memphis Tulane Rd)", "investment_million_usd": 659, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 79, "building_sq_ft": 312000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "xAI filed a construction permit with Memphis & Shelby County Division of Planning and Development for a $659M, four-story, 312,000 sq ft building (75 ft tall) on 79 acres at 5414 Tulane Road, adjacent to the existing Colossus 2 Memphis component at 5420 Tulane. The Greater Memphis Chamber stated xAI has 'no plans for turbines at Tulane data center,' but skeptics noted xAI's track record of installing turbines first and seeking permits later.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/elon-musks-xai-to-spend-659m-on-new-building-for-memphis-data-center-cluster/", "https://finance.yahoo.com/news/expansion-permit-filed-xais-collosus-214136044.html", "https://www.localmemphis.com/article/news/local/xai-turbines-tulane-data-center-greater-memphis-chamber/522-bafdaa1c-8af1-4d8c-a8b1-2ad1b87fc581" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "air_quality", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Approve $659M Tulane Rd construction permit", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "senate-epw-8company-gas-data-center-probe-us-2026-03-27", "jurisdiction": "U.S. Senate EPW (8-company gas-powered data-center probe)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": null, "lng": null, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-03-27", "status": "active", "company": "Meta, OpenAI, xAI, Fermi America, American Intelligence & Power, Joule, Crusoe, Fundamental Data", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Senators Sheldon Whitehouse (RI), Martin Heinrich (NM), and Chris Van Hollen (MD) launched an EPW investigation into 8 AI companies — Meta, OpenAI, xAI, Fermi America, American Intelligence & Power Corporation, Joule, Crusoe, and Fundamental Data — about 12 planned data-center projects powered by massive new gas plants emitting 'millions of tons of greenhouse gases and tens of thousands of tons of health-harming pollutants every year.' Response deadline: March 27, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2026/3/whitehouse-heinrich-and-van-hollen-probe-ai-companies-about-plans-for-colossal-gas-powered-data-centers", "https://www.vanhollen.senate.gov/news/press-releases/van-hollen-whitehouse-heinrich-probe-ai-companies-about-plans-for-colossal-gas-powered-data-centers" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "federal", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "transparency", "grid_energy", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Investigate 8 AI companies' gas-powered data centers", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "memphis-xai-water-recycle-pause-tn-2026-04-09", "jurisdiction": "Memphis (xAI Colossus Water Recycle Plant indefinite pause)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.059, "lng": -90.1242, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2026-04-09", "status": "delayed", "company": "xAI", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus Water Recycle Plant", "investment_million_usd": 80, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 13, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 13000000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Protect Our Aquifer" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "An xAI engineer told The Daily Memphian that the $80M Colossus Water Recycle Plant — a centerpiece of xAI's community-protection commitments — was 'indefinitely paused.' Elon Musk confirmed via social media that the company's focus was finishing Colossus 2 first. Mayor Paul Young and MLGW publicly pressed xAI to resume construction. Protect Our Aquifer called the pause 'deeply concerning' since the project was a 'core commitment tied to protecting the Memphis Sand Aquifer.'", "sources": [ "https://www.actionnews5.com/2026/04/09/xai-pauses-plans-build-water-recycling-plant-memphis/", "https://wreg.com/news/local/xai-memphis/xai-puts-water-recycling-project-on-hold-drawing-concerns/", "https://wreg.com/news/local/xai-memphis/mayor-mlgw-push-xai-to-complete-water-recycling-facility/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "water", "transparency", "contract_guarantees" ], "authority_level": "developer", "objective": "Indefinite pause of Colossus Water Recycle Plant construction", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "senate-epw-whitehouse-xai-probe-us-2026-04-17", "jurisdiction": "U.S. Senate EPW (Whitehouse xAI-specific probe)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": null, "lng": null, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-04-17", "status": "active", "company": "xAI", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 1 / Colossus 2", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Senator Sheldon Whitehouse (RI), Ranking Member of Senate EPW, launched a focused investigation into xAI specifically — separate from the March 27 multi-company probe — for its 'pattern of operating illegal data center gas plants.' Whitehouse demanded answers from EPA by April 29, 2026 about (a) EPA's enforcement plans and (b) prior EPA knowledge of xAI's plans to operate unpermitted turbines before applying for permanent permits.", "sources": [ "https://www.epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2026/4/whitehouse-calls-for-answers-about-musk-backed-xai-s-pattern-of-operating-illegal-data-center-gas-plants", "https://www.eenews.net/articles/whitehouse-probes-xai-data-center-pollution/", "https://www.epw.senate.gov/public/_cache/files/d/d/ddb47040-2070-4947-b9e4-33ebdeec63b2/8E78983C37084D41FBF7C84A1316686A668FC405556F6995C9CA8E3253FC8386.letter-to-epa-re-xai.pdf" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "federal", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "environmental", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Investigate xAI's pattern of operating unpermitted gas plants", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "sen-markey-epa-nsr-data-center-letter-us-2025-09-25", "jurisdiction": "U.S. Senate (Markey letter to EPA on NSR pre-construction)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": null, "lng": null, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-09-25", "status": "active", "company": "xAI", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": "Colossus 1 / Colossus 2", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Sen. Ed Markey (MA), EPW member and Senate Environmental Justice Caucus Co-Chair, wrote to EPA Administrator Lee Zeldin challenging EPA's decision to allow major polluting facilities — including data centers and associated power generation — to begin pre-construction without securing the New Source Review (NSR) permits required under the Clean Air Act. The letter highlighted Memphis communities as an example. Response demanded by October 6, 2025.", "sources": [ "https://www.markey.senate.gov/news/press-releases/markey-presses-epa-administrator-lee-zeldin-on-decision-to-undermine-clean-air-act-to-prop-up-ai-data-centers", "https://www.markey.senate.gov/download/ai-caa-nsr-letter" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "federal", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "environmental", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Press EPA on NSR pre-construction enforcement for AI data centers", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "saline-township-planning-commission-rejection-mi-2025-08-12", "jurisdiction": "Saline Township Planning Commission", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.1295, "lng": -83.7691, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "permit_denial" ], "date": "2025-08-12", "status": "defeated", "company": "Related Digital / Oracle", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Stargate / The Barn", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1400, "acreage": 575, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Saline Data Center", "Rural Michigan Defense Fund" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.stopsalinedatacenter.org", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "After an August 5, 2025 first public hearing dominated by opposition, the Saline Township Planning Commission tabled Related Digital's 'conditional rezoning' application for 575 acres from A-1 Agricultural to I-1 Industrial pending illumination, traffic, and noise studies. On August 12, 2025, the Planning Commission voted 5-2 against the rezoning, recommending denial. The applicant entity was 'RD Michigan Property Owner 1, LLC.'", "sources": [ "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/09/saline-denies-data-center/", "https://salinetownship.org/uploads/minutes/1761140618_August%205.pdf", "https://salinetownship.org/uploads/notices/QA%20Data%20Center%20Proposal.pdf" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "farmland", "water", "traffic" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Deny rezoning of 575 farmland acres for Stargate data center", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "saline-township-board-rezoning-denial-mi-2025-09-10", "jurisdiction": "Saline Township Board (rezoning denial)", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.1295, "lng": -83.7691, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "permit_denial" ], "date": "2025-09-10", "status": "defeated", "company": "Related Digital / Oracle", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Stargate / The Barn", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1400, "acreage": 575, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Saline Data Center", "Rural Michigan Defense Fund" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.stopsalinedatacenter.org", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Saline Township Board voted 4-1 to deny the rezoning of 575 acres of agricultural land needed for the Stargate data-center campus. Treasurer Jennifer Zink stated the project conflicted with the township master plan and that fire/EMS were unprepared. Over 100 residents packed the township hall, with most opposing the project. One testified the project would be a 'self-imposed environmental catastrophe.'", "sources": [ "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/09/saline-denies-data-center/", "https://www.wemu.org/wemu-news/2025-09-11/saline-township-rejects-data-center-rezoning", "https://thesuntimesnews.com/saline-township-board-denies-rezoning-request-for-data-center/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "farmland", "water", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Deny rezoning for Stargate data center", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "related-digital-saline-township-lawsuit-mi-2025-09-12", "jurisdiction": "Washtenaw County Circuit Court (Related Digital v. Saline Township)", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.2808, "lng": -83.743, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-09-12", "status": "active", "company": "Related Digital / Oracle", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Stargate / The Barn", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1400, "acreage": 575, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Two days after the township board's denial, Related Digital (RD Michigan Property Owner 1, LLC) and participating landowners filed suit against Saline Township in Washtenaw County Circuit Court alleging exclusionary zoning. The suit pressured the township to settle within weeks via the October 15 consent judgment.", "sources": [ "https://thesuntimesnews.com/saline-township-sued-data-center-zoning/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/09/saline-township-data-center-lawsuit/", "https://michiganadvance.com/2025/10/27/data-center-developer-takes-a-small-michigan-farming-community-to-court/", "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/26102025/related-digital-michigan-data-center-settlement/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "farmland", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Force Saline Township to permit Stargate data center", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "saline-township-consent-judgment-mi-2025-10-15", "jurisdiction": "Saline Township (consent judgment with Related Digital)", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.1295, "lng": -83.7691, "action_type": [ "community_benefit_agreement", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2025-10-15", "status": "approved", "company": "Related Digital / Oracle", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Stargate / The Barn", "investment_million_usd": 14, "megawatts": 1400, "acreage": 575, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Saline Data Center", "Rural Michigan Defense Fund" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.stopsalinedatacenter.org", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "A consent judgment was filed in Washtenaw County Circuit Court between Saline Township and Related Digital, allowing the data center to proceed despite the September denial. Township attorney Fred Lucas described it as 'the lesser of two evils.' Terms: $14M total community contribution ($4M farmland-preservation trust, $2M community-investment fund, $8M for fire services with $7M to Saline Area Fire and $500K each to Manchester and Clinton Township fire), 200 acres preserved for ag use, conservation easement on 47.5 acres of wetlands, 55-decibel noise limit at property line, ban on water-intensive evaporative cooling, ban on solar farms, $5M-$10M decommissioning bond, and well-restoration commitment if neighbors' wells are affected.", "sources": [ "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/10/saline-data-center-settlement/", "https://thesuntimesnews.com/saline-township-settles-lawsuit-as-data-center-project-moves-forward/", "https://themanchestermirror.com/2025/10/27/what-does-the-saline-township-data-center-agreement-mean-for-the-manchester-area/", "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/township-in-michigan-settles-lawsuit-allows-data-center-project-to-proceed/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "farmland", "water", "noise", "contract_guarantees" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Court-approved settlement allowing Stargate to proceed with $14M community benefits", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "dte-saline-data-center-mpsc-filing-mi-2025-10-31", "jurisdiction": "Michigan Public Service Commission (DTE Saline data-center contract filing)", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.7325, "lng": -84.5555, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation" ], "date": "2025-10-31", "status": "approved", "company": "DTE Energy / Green Chile Ventures (Oracle) / Related Digital", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Stargate / The Barn", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1400, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Michigan", "Michigan Environmental Council", "NRDC", "Citizens Utility Board of Michigan" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "DTE Energy filed an ex parte application with the Michigan Public Service Commission seeking expedited approval of two special contracts to serve the 1.4 GW Saline Township Stargate data center. The customer entity was identified as 'Green Chile Ventures, LLC,' a subsidiary of Oracle. The contracts include a 19-year minimum term (versus 5-year standard), 80% take-or-pay minimum billing demand, and a 10-year termination payment. DTE asked the Commission to skip a contested case proceeding.", "sources": [ "https://www.michigan.gov/mpsc/commission/news-releases/2025/12/18/mpsc-approves-dte-electric-energy-contracts-for-data-center", "https://cubofmichigan.org/blog/mpsc-grants-expedited-approval-for-dte-contracts-with-hyperscale-data-center/", "https://www.tdworld.com/utility-business/news/55340640/michigan-regulators-approve-dte-data-center-power-contracts-with-added-ratepayer-protections" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "DTE seeks MPSC expedited approval of 19-year, 1.4 GW data-center contracts", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "saline-mpsc-environmental-intervention-mi-2025-11-13", "jurisdiction": "Michigan Public Service Commission (environmental groups' intervention petition)", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.7325, "lng": -84.5555, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-11-13", "status": "defeated", "company": "DTE Energy / Green Chile Ventures (Oracle)", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Stargate / The Barn", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1400, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Michigan", "Michigan Environmental Council", "NRDC", "Citizens Utility Board of Michigan", "Earthjustice", "Troposphere Legal" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Sierra Club Michigan, the Michigan Environmental Council, NRDC, and the Citizens Utility Board of Michigan — represented by Troposphere Legal and Earthjustice — filed petitions to intervene in DTE's MPSC contract case, demanding a contested case hearing on the Saline data-center contracts. They argued DTE failed to support claims about ratepayer protections and energy / climate impact. The intervention requests were denied when MPSC granted ex parte approval December 18, 2025.", "sources": [ "https://www.nrdc.org/press-releases/environmental-groups-file-contested-case-hearing-saline-data-center", "https://www.sierraclub.org/michigan/blog/2025/12/mpsc-fails-transparency-test-approving-dte-data-center-deal-outside-formal" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Force MPSC contested case hearing on DTE/Saline data-center contracts", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "mpsc-saline-public-hearing-mi-2025-12-03", "jurisdiction": "Michigan Public Service Commission (Saline data-center public hearing)", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.7325, "lng": -84.5555, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-03", "status": "active", "company": "DTE Energy / Green Chile Ventures (Oracle)", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Stargate / The Barn", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1400, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Saline Data Center", "Rural Michigan Defense Fund", "Sierra Club Michigan" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Hundreds logged into the MPSC's virtual public hearing on DTE's contract approval. More than 5,000 online comments were submitted. Residents repeatedly urged regulators not to rush the deal, calling for a contested case hearing. The MPSC delayed its initial December 5 vote due to the volume of opposition. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'loss' per https://votesolar.org/michigan-regulators-conditionally-approve-dtes-saline-township-data-center-power-plan/.]", "sources": [ "https://eu.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/michigan/2025/12/03/hundreds-log-in-to-public-hearing-about-saline-township-data-center/87565089007/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/12/dte-data-center-hearing/", "https://www.wxyz.com/news/mpsc-holds-public-hearing-on-saline-township-data-center-protesters-march-outside-dte", "https://www.wemu.org/wemu-news/2025-12-05/mpsc-holds-off-on-saline-township-data-center-vote" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-19", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "MPSC public hearing on DTE/Saline data-center contracts", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "haushalter-saline-omb-intervention-mi-2025-12-13", "jurisdiction": "Washtenaw County Circuit Court (Haushalter intervention motion)", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.2808, "lng": -83.743, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-12-13", "status": "active", "company": "Related Digital / Oracle", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Stargate / The Barn", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1400, "acreage": 575, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Rural Michigan Defense Fund", "Stop Saline Data Center" ], "opposition_website": "https://www.stopsalinedatacenter.org", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Saline Township resident Kathryn Haushalter filed a motion to intervene in Washtenaw County Circuit Court alleging the township board violated Michigan's Open Meetings Act when it voted in closed session October 1 to approve the consent judgment without an open vote. The Rural Michigan Defense Fund supported the legal effort. Attorney Robby Dube argued the consent judgment effectuated illegal 'conditional zoning.'", "sources": [ "https://www.clickondetroit.com/news/local/2025/12/14/saline-township-resident-files-lawsuit-to-stop-massive-data-center-project/", "https://www.stopsalinedatacenter.org/legal/Blog%20Post%20Title%20One-3zaa9-zlxng-67tfc-8aja7", "https://www.michigandaily.com/news/news-briefs/saline-township-resident-takes-legal-action-to-stop-data-center/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/12/saline-data-center-settlement-challenge/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Intervene to unwind consent judgment under Open Meetings Act", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "egle-saline-wetlands-hearing-mi-2025-12-19", "jurisdiction": "Michigan EGLE (Saline data-center wetlands public hearing)", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.1295, "lng": -83.7691, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2025-12-19", "status": "approved", "company": "Related Digital / Oracle", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Stargate / The Barn", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1400, "acreage": 575, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Saline Data Center", "Rural Michigan Defense Fund", "EDRA of MI" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Michigan EGLE held a public hearing on the Stargate data center's wetlands permit (covering ~10.5 acres of wetlands impact mitigated by 15 acres of bank credits). Attendees raised concerns about Saline River contamination, closed-loop cooling failure risk, and water-resource impacts. EGLE granted both wetlands and air permits in January 2026, allowing 15 diesel backup generators (34.86 tons NOx/yr, below the 250-ton major-source threshold). Construction was permitted to begin even before final air-permit approval.", "sources": [ "https://planetdetroit.org/2025/12/salin-township-data-center-wetlands/", "https://www.wemu.org/wemu-news/2025-12-19/egle-gets-earful-during-public-hearing-on-saline-township-data-center-wetlands", "https://wdet.org/2025/12/17/public-meeting-to-discuss-permits-for-saline-data-center-impact-on-wetlands/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/02/saline-data-center-air-wetlands-permits/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "water", "environmental", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "EGLE wetlands and air permit hearings for Saline Stargate site", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "url_unverifiable", "note": "Validation: removed dead opposition_website link (https://edraofmi.org/saline-township).", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "nessel-mpsc-rehearing-petition-mi-2026-01-08", "jurisdiction": "Michigan Public Service Commission (AG Nessel rehearing petition)", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.7325, "lng": -84.5555, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-01-08", "status": "defeated", "company": "DTE Energy / Green Chile Ventures (Oracle)", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Stargate / The Barn", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1400, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Michigan AG Dana Nessel", "Sierra Club Michigan", "Michigan Environmental Council", "NRDC", "Citizens Utility Board of Michigan" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Michigan AG Dana Nessel filed a petition for rehearing with the MPSC, challenging the commission's December 18 ex parte approval and demanding a contested case. Sierra Club Michigan, the Michigan Environmental Council, NRDC, and Citizens Utility Board joined the petition. They argued the MPSC lacks statutory authority to approve such contracts without a contested case under MCL 460.6a(3). The petition was denied, leading Nessel to escalate to the Michigan Court of Appeals on April 17, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://michiganadvance.com/2026/01/09/nessel-and-advocates-seek-rehearing-on-conditional-approval-of-dte-data-center-contracts/", "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/01/dte-energy-data-center-contracts/", "https://www.thecentersquare.com/michigan/article_bb893282-cfcc-442b-8471-be2256a61905.html" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "transparency", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Force MPSC contested case hearing on DTE/Saline contracts via rehearing petition", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "saline-township-board-rezone-rescission-mi-2026-01-28", "jurisdiction": "Saline Township Board (I-1 to A-1 rescission)", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.1295, "lng": -83.7691, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-01-28", "status": "passed", "company": "Related Digital / Oracle", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Stargate / The Barn", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1400, "acreage": 575, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Saline Data Center", "Rural Michigan Defense Fund" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "At an overflow special meeting, the Saline Township Board voted 5-0 to rescind its prior I-1 industrial designation and revert the data-center property back to A-1 Agricultural zoning, ostensibly to ensure post-decommission agricultural use. The move also blocked residents' attempt to force a citizen referendum on the rezoning, since the consent judgment is not subject to referendum. Resident anger followed; opponents accused the board of using the rescission to thwart democratic recourse.", "sources": [ "https://thesuntimesnews.com/saline-twp-rescinds-industrial-zoning-ends-data-center-referendum-path/", "https://www.clickondetroit.com/news/local/2026/01/29/saline-township-residents-frustrated-after-zoning-vote-blocks-referendum-on-ai-data-center/", "https://thesalinepost.com/g/saline-mi/n/362588/saline-township-reverses-decision-rezone-land-data-center-project-goes-forward", "https://www.govtech.com/products/michigan-township-defends-decision-on-openai-data-center" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "transparency", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": "Rescind I-1 industrial designation to block citizen referendum", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "miller-michigan-data-center-nda-bill-mi-2025-12-15", "jurisdiction": "Michigan Legislature (Reggie Miller data-center NDA bill)", "state": "MI", "county": null, "lat": 42.7325, "lng": -84.5555, "action_type": [ "legislation", "public_comment" ], "date": "2025-12-15", "status": "pending", "company": "DTE Energy / Related Digital / Oracle", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Stargate / The Barn", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "State Rep. Reggie Miller (D-Van Buren Township) introduced a bill in December 2025 to ban elected officials from signing NDAs covering data-center projects. The bill responded to disclosures that dozens of MPSC staff signed NDAs with DTE to view unredacted data-center contracts; Detroit News later reported four Michigan communities had signed similar pacts. State Sen. Mallory McMorrow's data-center proposal also includes an NDA ban modeled on the Saline experience.", "sources": [ "https://eu.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/michigan/2026/02/18/dte-energy-saline-data-center-oracle-openai-chatgpt-michigan-mpsc-nondisclosure-agreement-nda/88649806007/", "https://eu.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/michigan/2026/02/08/data-center-details-shrouded-4-michigan-communities-sign-nondisclosure-pacts-agreements-ndas/88415227007/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "transparency" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Ban NDAs covering elected officials' data-center decisions", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "haushalter-saline-intervention-denial-mi-2026-02-20", "jurisdiction": "Washtenaw County Circuit Court (Haushalter intervention denied)", "state": "MI", "county": "Washtenaw County", "lat": 42.2808, "lng": -83.743, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-02-20", "status": "defeated", "company": "Related Digital / Oracle", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Stargate / The Barn", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1400, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Rural Michigan Defense Fund" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Washtenaw County Circuit Court Judge Julia Owdziej ruled against Kathryn Haushalter's motion to intervene and unwind the consent judgment. The judge held that by-right intervention is not possible in a closed case and that the request was untimely given construction had begun and billions had been spent. Township meeting video showed the October 1 vote occurred in open session despite meeting minutes erroneously suggesting otherwise. Haushalter filed a Motion for Reconsideration.", "sources": [ "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/02/judge-denies-data-center-intervention/", "https://www.wemu.org/wemu-news/2026-02-20/lawsuit-aimed-at-stopping-saline-township-data-center-rejected-by-washtenaw-county-judge", "https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/michigan/2026/02/20/judge-denies-request-to-slow-construction-of-oracle-openai-chatgpt-data-center-saline-michigan/88759349007/", "https://www.wxyz.com/news/data-centers/judge-rules-against-saline-township-residents-motion-to-intervene-in-data-center-agreement", "https://thesuntimesnews.com/saline-twp-resident-appeals-denial-of-her-suit-to-intervene/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "zoning" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Court denial of Haushalter motion to unwind consent judgment", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "michigan-hb5594-data-center-moratorium-mi-2026-03-03", "jurisdiction": "Michigan Legislature (HB 5594-5596 data-center moratorium)", "state": "MI", "county": null, "lat": 42.7325, "lng": -84.5555, "action_type": [ "legislation", "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-03-03", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "multiple Michigan data centers", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Michigan", "Stop Saline Data Center" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Michigan House Bills 5594-5596, introduced by Reps. Jennifer Wortz (R-Quincy), Joseph Fox (R-Fremont), and Dylan Wegela (D-Garden City), would create the 'Data Center Regulation Act' and impose a moratorium halting new data-center construction in Michigan until April 1, 2027. The bills were referred to the House Committee on Government Operations. Sierra Club organized petitions in support; Gov. Whitmer signaled she would veto.", "sources": [ "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/03/lawmakers-propose-michigan-data-center-moratorium/", "https://gophouse.org/posts/rep-wortz-introduces-bills-to-protect-communities-from-data-center-encroachment", "https://wwmt.com/news/state/dozens-speak-out-against-data-centers-michigan-house-committee-hearing-legislation-law-bills-politics-artificial-intelligence", "https://michiganadvance.com/briefs/wortz-spearheads-bipartisan-effort-to-halt-data-center-construction-in-michigan/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "ratepayer", "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Statewide moratorium on new data-center construction through April 2027", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "michigan-house-oversight-data-center-hearing-mi-2026-04-22", "jurisdiction": "Michigan House Oversight Subcommittee (data-center investigation hearing)", "state": "MI", "county": null, "lat": 42.7325, "lng": -84.5555, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "study_or_report" ], "date": "2026-04-22", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "multiple Michigan data centers", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Stop Saline Data Center", "EDRA of MI", "Rural Michigan Defense Fund" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Michigan House Oversight Subcommittee on Corporate Subsidies and State Investments, chaired by Rep. Steve Carra (R-Three Rivers), held its final data-center investigation hearing. More than 170 residents signed up to testify; only two pro-data-center witnesses had registered (neither showed). At least 30 Michiganders testified in opposition, including Tammie Bruneau of Saline Township. Concerns covered water usage, NDAs, ratepayer protections, and transparency.", "sources": [ "https://www.wkar.org/michigans-data-center-divide/2026-04-23/public-speaks-out-against-data-centers-at-house-subcommittee-hearing", "https://bridgemi.com/business-watch/overflow-crowd-tells-lansing-lawmakers-stop-secrecy-around-data-centers/", "https://wwmt.com/news/state/dozens-speak-out-against-data-centers-michigan-house-committee-hearing-legislation-law-bills-politics-artificial-intelligence", "https://www.cbsnews.com/detroit/news/michigan-house-subcommittee-hears-testimony-data-centers/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "anti_ai", "transparency", "ratepayer", "water", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Investigative hearing on Michigan data-center subsidies and impacts", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "dte-rate-hike-data-center-pause-filing-mi-2026-04-24", "jurisdiction": "Michigan Public Service Commission (DTE $474M rate-hike filing with data-center pause pledge)", "state": "MI", "county": null, "lat": 42.7325, "lng": -84.5555, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation" ], "date": "2026-04-24", "status": "pending", "company": "DTE Energy", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Stargate / The Barn (referenced)", "investment_million_usd": 474, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Utility Board of Michigan" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "DTE Energy formally filed for a $474.3 million rate increase with the MPSC but pledged a two-year pause on additional rate-hike requests if the Saline Township Stargate data center comes online by 2027. The $474M would fund Belle River conversion (coal-to-gas) and the Trenton Channel Energy Center, not the data center itself. MPSC decision expected February 2027. Critics linked the pledge to ratepayer-subsidization concerns. UPDATE: On April 28, 2026, Michigan Attorney General Dana Nessel announced she would intervene in the DTE rate case before the Michigan PSC to oppose the rate hike. A pre-hearing is scheduled for May 27, 2026. April 28, 2026: AG Dana Nessel formally intervened in DTE's rate case, calling the data-center pause pledge a 'ransom note'; MPSC decision in docket U-21990 not expected until February 2027.", "sources": [ "https://www.wlns.com/news/michigan/dte-energy-links-data-center-474m-funding-request-to-pause-in-electricity-rate-hikes/", "https://www.fox2detroit.com/news/dte-says-will-pause-rate-hike-requests-2-years-citing-increased-revenue-from-data-centers", "https://www.cbsnews.com/detroit/news/dte-2-year-pause-rate-hike-requests/", "https://www.detroitnews.com/story/business/2026/04/24/dte-to-seek-473m-rate-hike-but-promises-relief-if-data-centers-open/89776997007/", "https://www.michigan.gov/ag/news/press-releases/2026/04/28/ag-nessel-to-intervene-in-dte", "https://eu.detroitnews.com/story/business/2026/04/29/dte-wants-a-nearly-10-electric-rate-hike-nessel-says-shell-fight-it/89853725007/", "https://michiganadvance.com/briefs/as-dte-seeks-474-million-rate-hike-nessel-pledges-to-intervene/", { "url": "https://planetdetroit.org/2026/04/dte-rate-hike-data-centers/", "title": "DTE rate hike and data centers" } ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "DTE files $474M rate hike with two-year pause pledge tied to Saline data center", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "port-washington-i3-zoning-annexation-wi-2025-05-01", "jurisdiction": "City of Port Washington (I-3 Technology Campus zoning + 500-acre annexation)", "state": "WI", "county": "Ozaukee County", "lat": 43.3872, "lng": -87.8731, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "ordinance" ], "date": "2025-05-01", "status": "passed", "company": "Vantage Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Lighthouse (Stargate Wisconsin)", "investment_million_usd": 15000, "megawatts": 902, "acreage": 1900, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": "https://www.saveportwashington.com/the-project/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Port Washington's city authorities unanimously approved annexing 500 acres from the Town of Port Washington and creating a new I-3 Technology Campus District zoning classification specifically designed to accommodate large-scale data-center use. Vantage purchased a total of 1,900 acres being annexed from the town to the city; by year-end 2025 the city had annexed 1,315 of roughly 1,900 acres. This pre-emptive zoning created the legal foundation for the entire Lighthouse project.", "sources": [ "https://news.constructconnect.com/initial-plans-revealed-for-1900-acre-1b-data-center-in-port-washington-wisconsin", "https://www.saveportwashington.com/the-project/", "https://biztimes.com/port-washington-approves-8-billion-vantage-data-centers-project/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "farmland", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Annex 500 acres and create I-3 Technology Campus zoning for data center", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "wisconsin-act-16-data-center-tid-exception-wi-2025-07-09", "jurisdiction": "Wisconsin Legislature (Act 16 data-center TID exception)", "state": "WI", "county": null, "lat": 43.0731, "lng": -89.4012, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-07-09", "status": "passed", "company": "Vantage Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Lighthouse (Stargate Wisconsin)", "investment_million_usd": 15000, "megawatts": 902, "acreage": 672, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Governor Tony Evers signed Assembly Bill 140 (now 2025 Wisconsin Act 16), which created statutory exceptions from the standard 12% equalized-value cap on Tax Increment Districts specifically for TID No. 5 in Port Washington and TID No. 10 in Beaver Dam, but only if all project costs are tied to a 'certified data center.' This carve-out paved the way for the Vantage data center's $458 million TID financing structure, which would otherwise have been impossible under standard TID law. Critics argue the state-level subsidy was passed before residents had any meaningful chance to weigh in.", "sources": [ "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/related/acts/16", "https://dailyreporter.com/2025/07/09/wisconsin-data-center-law-port-beaver-dam/", "https://wisconsinexaminer.com/2026/01/22/rural-wisconsin-has-become-a-hotspot-for-data-centers-states-unique-tax-instrument-explains-why/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Carve out TID-cap exceptions for two named data-center TIDs", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "port-washington-vantage-development-agreement-wi-2025-08-19", "jurisdiction": "Port Washington Common Council (Vantage development agreement)", "state": "WI", "county": "Ozaukee County", "lat": 43.3872, "lng": -87.8731, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "ordinance" ], "date": "2025-08-19", "status": "passed", "company": "Vantage Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Lighthouse (Stargate Wisconsin)", "investment_million_usd": 8000, "megawatts": 902, "acreage": 672, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Port Washington Common Council unanimously approved the development agreement with Vantage Data Centers for what was then announced as an $8 billion data-center campus on 672 acres on the city's north side. The agreement was first presented for Common Council consideration on August 6, 2025 and allowed Vantage to fund $175 million in upfront infrastructure improvements (water, sewer, road) with reimbursement through TID. Residents from Port Washington and neighboring communities spoke in opposition during the August 19 hearing, but the council vote was unanimous.", "sources": [ "https://biztimes.com/port-washington-approves-8-billion-vantage-data-centers-project/", "https://www.wpr.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/Data-Center-Press-Release-8-20-25.pdf", "https://www.fox6now.com/news/port-washington-data-center-common-council-approves-development-agreement", "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2025/08/08/port-washington-data-center-would-include-175-million-of-public-infrastructure-costs/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Approve $8B Vantage development agreement with $175M public infrastructure reimbursement", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "port-washington-tid5-plan-commission-wi-2025-10-16", "jurisdiction": "Port Washington Plan Commission (TID No. 5 boundaries / project plan)", "state": "WI", "county": "Ozaukee County", "lat": 43.3872, "lng": -87.8731, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "ordinance" ], "date": "2025-10-16", "status": "passed", "company": "Vantage Data Centers", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Lighthouse (Stargate Wisconsin)", "investment_million_usd": 15000, "megawatts": 902, "acreage": 672, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Great Lakes Neighbors United" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Port Washington Plan Commission, after hours of public comment, approved Resolution 2025-3 establishing the boundaries and project plan for Tax Incremental District No. 5 — the $458 million TID supporting the Vantage Lighthouse data center. The TID was established as an industrial district using the legislative exception passed under 2025 Wisconsin Act 16. Hundreds of residents attended; the city moved subsequent meetings from City Hall to Lepanto Banquet Hall after roughly 200 people overflowed the council chambers. The vote was a voice vote with no recorded roll-call.", "sources": [ "https://citizenportal.ai/articles/6450447/port-washington-plan-panel-approves-tid-for-vantage-data-center-after-hours-of-public-comment", "https://www.cbs58.com/news/port-washington-planning-commission-approves-tax-district-for-incoming-data-center", "https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2025/10/20/port-washington-city-council-meetings" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "transparency", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Establish TID No. 5 boundaries / project plan for $458M Vantage TIF", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "port-washington-tid5-creation-wi-2025-11-04", "jurisdiction": "Port Washington Common Council & Joint Review Board (TID No. 5 creation)", "state": "WI", "county": "Ozaukee County", "lat": 43.3872, "lng": -87.8731, "action_type": [ "legislation", "ordinance" ], "date": "2025-11-04", "status": "passed", "company": "Vantage Data Centers", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Lighthouse (Stargate Wisconsin)", "investment_million_usd": 458, "megawatts": 902, "acreage": 672, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Great Lakes Neighbors United" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Port Washington Common Council formally voted to create Tax Incremental District (TID) No. 5 — a $458 million TIF — for the Vantage Lighthouse data center. On November 18, 2025, the Joint Review Board unanimously gave final approval. The TID would remain active for up to 20 years and reimburse Vantage for $175M in upfront infrastructure plus interest, consulting fees, and other costs. Under the agreement, Vantage would pay property taxes on the property as if it were valued at just $121 million during the TID's lifetime, retaining the additional value. Vantage was certified as a 'qualified data center' by the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation. Residents packed council chambers in opposition.", "sources": [ "https://www.wpr.org/news/port-washington-council-approves-tid", "https://underthehardhat.org/port-washington-data-center/", "https://www.tmj4.com/news/ozaukee-county/neighbors-split-as-port-washington-officially-approves-tid-for-data-center-campus-infrastructure", "https://www.thecentersquare.com/wisconsin/article_10bed70d-6f44-4941-95d7-814e1aa68b9e.html" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "ratepayer", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Create $458M TID No. 5 for Vantage Lighthouse", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "atc-port-washington-transmission-psc-application-wi-2025-10-18", "jurisdiction": "Wisconsin Public Service Commission (ATC Ozaukee County Distribution Interconnection)", "state": "WI", "county": "Ozaukee County", "lat": 43.3872, "lng": -87.91, "action_type": [ "infrastructure_opposition", "regulatory_action", "utility_regulation" ], "date": "2025-10-18", "status": "pending", "company": "American Transmission Company / Vantage Data Centers", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Ozaukee County Distribution Interconnection Project (Lighthouse)", "investment_million_usd": 1360, "megawatts": 1300, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Responsible Energy Alliance", "Protect Fredonia Coalition", "No Data Centers in Ozaukee County" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "American Transmission Company submitted a $1.36 billion application to the Wisconsin Public Service Commission (Docket 137-CE-221) to build between 96 and 123 miles of new transmission lines and up to five new substations across Ozaukee, Sheboygan, Washington, Calumet, Manitowoc, and Fond du Lac counties to power Vantage's Lighthouse campus, which will need 1.3 GW. ATC offered two routes; the preferred route bisects the Town of Saukville, running near a major dairy farm, an apple orchard, and organic farms. The PSC received 434 public comments during EIS scoping. PSC decision expected Q4 2026. The alternative route would cost ~$1.64 billion.", "sources": [ "https://www.wpr.org/news/1-4b-transmission-line-project-proposed-port-washington-data-center", "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2025/10/18/port-washington-data-center-requires-1-4-billion-transmission-line-project/", "https://www.gmtoday.com/news_graphic/business/atc-transmission-line-proposal/article_a082f14b-f0d2-5f2b-a596-e64b2fb3e1fd.html", "https://www.eenews.net/articles/data-center-extension-cord-draws-landowners-ire/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "community_impact", "farmland" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "ATC seeks PSC approval of $1.36B transmission build for Lighthouse", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "ozaukee-washington-county-transmission-resolutions-wi-2025-11-19", "jurisdiction": "Washington County and Ozaukee County Boards of Supervisors (transmission-route resolutions)", "state": "WI", "county": "Ozaukee County", "lat": 43.3872, "lng": -87.91, "action_type": [ "legislation", "infrastructure_opposition" ], "date": "2025-11-19", "status": "passed", "company": "American Transmission Company / Vantage Data Centers", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Lighthouse (Stargate Wisconsin)", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1300, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Responsible Energy Alliance", "Protect Fredonia Coalition" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Both the Washington County and Ozaukee County Boards of Supervisors unanimously passed advisory resolutions urging the Wisconsin PSC and ATC to use the alternative transmission route — which uses substantially more existing electric corridors — instead of ATC's preferred route through new agricultural land. Ozaukee Supervisor Claude Taylor brought the resolution language forward, arguing that preserving natural resources aligned with the county comprehensive plan. The resolutions were sent to the PSC, ATC, the governor's office, and state legislators. Vantage publicly joined local officials in supporting the alternate route after community pressure.", "sources": [ "https://www.gmtoday.com/news_graphic/business/port-washington-power-routes/article_13c93a82-e614-5ea5-8dd8-fdc8cbc1c561.html", "https://www.gmtoday.com/the_freeman/news/washington-county-board-use-existing-infrastructure-for-port-washington-data-center/article_d5bc4922-6c3b-534c-8895-c35cf4f2d7d3.html", "https://www.gmtoday.com/daily_news/news/county-board-use-existing-infrastructure-for-port-data-center/article_05e39135-bba3-512b-807e-b8f5ef38aa89.html", "https://biztimes.com/vantage-joins-local-officials-in-supporting-alternate-transmission-route/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "farmland", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Urge PSC/ATC to adopt alternate transmission route", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "port-washington-glnu-council-arrests-wi-2025-12-02", "jurisdiction": "Port Washington Common Council (GLNU council-meeting arrests)", "state": "WI", "county": "Ozaukee County", "lat": 43.3872, "lng": -87.8731, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "date": "2025-12-02", "status": "active", "company": "Vantage Data Centers", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Lighthouse (Stargate Wisconsin)", "investment_million_usd": 15000, "megawatts": 902, "acreage": 672, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Great Lakes Neighbors United" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Three women — including Great Lakes Neighbors United co-founder Christine Le Jeune (43), and others ages 52 and 53 — were arrested at a Port Washington Common Council meeting and cited for disorderly conduct after disrupting proceedings to demand the city halt the data center. Le Jeune went limp when officers tried to remove her; officers lifted and dragged her out of the chamber. The widely-shared video became a galvanizing moment for the opposition, sparking the recall effort against Mayor Ted Neitzke and accelerating the petition drive that became the April 7 referendum.", "sources": [ "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/three-arrested-at-data-center-hearing-in-port-washington-wisconsin/", "https://www.fox6now.com/news/port-washington-data-center-meeting-arrests", "https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2025/12/07/port-washington-data-center-peaceful-protest-arrest", "https://www.commondreams.org/news/ai-data-center-protest", "https://www.tmj4.com/news/ozaukee-county/port-washington-council-meeting-erupts-over-controversial-data-center-approval" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "anti_ai", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Direct-action protest at council meeting that catalyzed recall and referendum", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "wisconsin-dnr-port-washington-stormwater-permit-wi-2025-12-11", "jurisdiction": "Wisconsin DNR (Port Washington Vantage stormwater permit)", "state": "WI", "county": "Ozaukee County", "lat": 43.3872, "lng": -87.8731, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2025-12-11", "status": "approved", "company": "Vantage Data Centers", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Lighthouse (Stargate Wisconsin)", "investment_million_usd": 15000, "megawatts": 902, "acreage": 672, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Wisconsin DNR conveyed stormwater permit coverage to Vantage under Storm Water Runoff General Permit No. WI-S067831-6 for project areas 1 and 2 plus four laydown areas. The DNR also issued three nonfederal wetland exemption determinations and a WEPA Compliance Determination; on December 9, 2025 it released its Environmental Analysis Summary. Critics noted DNR did not conduct a full environmental impact assessment despite southeastern Wisconsin being a high-pollution non-attainment region. Vantage had submitted four stormwater applications between Aug 22 and Oct 2, 2025; DNR consolidated them administratively.", "sources": [ "https://dnr.wisconsin.gov/topic/EIA/Portwashington.html", "https://wisconsinexaminer.com/2026/04/14/residents-plead-with-dnr-to-deny-port-washington-data-center-air-pollution-permit/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water", "air_quality" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "DNR stormwater + wetland exemption + WEPA approvals for Lighthouse", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "ozaukee-da-glnu-oml-complaint-wi-2026-02-23", "jurisdiction": "Ozaukee County District Attorney (GLNU Open Meetings Law complaint)", "state": "WI", "county": "Ozaukee County", "lat": 43.3872, "lng": -87.8731, "action_type": [ "lawsuit", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2026-02-23", "status": "pending", "company": "Vantage Data Centers", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Lighthouse (Stargate Wisconsin)", "investment_million_usd": 15000, "megawatts": 902, "acreage": 672, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Great Lakes Neighbors United" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Great Lakes Neighbors United filed a verified complaint with Ozaukee County District Attorney Benjamin Lindsay alleging that the Port Washington Common Council violated Wisconsin's Open Meetings Law during closed sessions on July 1 and August 6, 2025, when councilmembers deliberated and negotiated terms of the Vantage developer's agreement. GLNU alleges the closed sessions went well beyond brief strategy talks and included a controversial provision requiring the city to alert Vantage before releasing certain information. DA Lindsay referred the matter to the Ozaukee County Sheriff's Office for investigation. The city called the accusations 'blatantly inaccurate.' This complaint is separate from GLNU's TID lawsuit.", "sources": [ "https://wnanews.com/2026/02/23/group-alleges-port-washington-city-officials-violated-open-meetings-law/", "https://www.fox6now.com/news/port-washington-data-center-lawsuit-alleges-open-meetings-violations", "https://www.gmtoday.com/news_graphic/news/port-washington-open-meetings-lawsuit/article_09c74de4-e280-4fd2-baf6-b526803f78ac.html", "https://hoodline.com/2026/02/port-washington-neighbors-cry-foul-over-secret-data-center-deal/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Investigate alleged Open Meetings Law violations in Vantage agreement closed sessions", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "port-washington-mayor-recall-failure-wi-2026-02-16", "jurisdiction": "City of Port Washington (recall of Mayor Ted Neitzke)", "state": "WI", "county": "Ozaukee County", "lat": 43.3872, "lng": -87.8731, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "date": "2026-02-16", "status": "defeated", "company": "Vantage Data Centers", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Lighthouse (Stargate Wisconsin)", "investment_million_usd": 15000, "megawatts": 902, "acreage": 672, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Great Lakes Neighbors United" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 1200, "summary": "Great Lakes Neighbors United submitted approximately 1,200 signatures to recall Port Washington Mayor Ted Neitzke IV by the February 16, 2026 deadline, but the city's initial review found the petition fell several hundred signatures short of the required 25% of voters who participated in the last gubernatorial election. The recall effort had been launched after the December 2 arrests of three women at a council meeting. Despite the recall failing, GLNU pivoted resources to the April 7 TID referendum, which passed with 66% support.", "sources": [ "https://wtmj.com/news/2026/02/17/attempt-to-recall-port-washington-mayor-by-anti-data-center-group-fails-according-to-city/", "https://www.wpr.org/news/data-center-opponents-launch-recall-of-port-washington-mayor", "https://www.fox6now.com/news/port-washington-data-center-dispute-sparks-recall-effort-against-mayor", "https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/02/17/port--washington--data--center--petition", "https://www.ozaukeepress.com/content/data-center-driven-recall-effort-falls-short" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "voters", "objective": "Recall Mayor Ted Neitzke over data-center decisions", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "mmac-port-washington-tid-injunction-denial-wi-2026-03-19", "jurisdiction": "Ozaukee County Circuit Court (MMAC injunction denial)", "state": "WI", "county": "Ozaukee County", "lat": 43.3872, "lng": -87.8731, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-02-23", "status": "defeated", "company": "Vantage Data Centers / Metropolitan Milwaukee Association of Commerce", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Lighthouse (Stargate Wisconsin)", "investment_million_usd": 15000, "megawatts": 902, "acreage": 672, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Great Lakes Neighbors United" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Metropolitan Milwaukee Association of Commerce (MMAC) and several regional business stakeholders filed suit in early March 2026 seeking an injunction to block the April 7 Port Washington TID referendum from appearing on the ballot. Attorney Jonathan Smies argued that TIF approval cannot be the subject of direct legislation per Wisconsin statutes' detailed approval procedure. An Ozaukee County judge denied MMAC's motion for a preliminary injunction, allowing the referendum to proceed. The court reserved the option for MMAC to refile post-election. Despite a 'vote no' campaign by business interests and pro-data-center advertising by Vantage, voters approved the referendum 66%-34% on April 7.", "sources": [ "https://biztimes.com/mmac-sues-city-of-port-washington-over-referendum-related-to-tid-financing/", "https://www.mmac.org/news/mmac-regional-stakeholders-file-suit-against-port-washington/", "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/pressrelease/mmac-stakeholders-file-suit-over-ballot-measure-in-port-washington/", "https://www.gmtoday.com/daily_news/news/court-denies-business-groups-request-to-block-tid-ordinance/article_a4e62231-1cbc-543f-84fa-b347c6ec4fb0.html", "https://www.ozaukeepress.com/content/motion-block-tif-referendum-gets-day-court" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "anti_ai", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Block April 7 TID referendum via preliminary injunction", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "port-washington-construction-hours-ordinance-wi-2026-03-25", "jurisdiction": "Port Washington Plan Commission (Lighthouse construction-hours limits)", "state": "WI", "county": "Ozaukee County", "lat": 43.3872, "lng": -87.8731, "action_type": [ "ordinance", "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-03-25", "status": "passed", "company": "Vantage Data Centers", "hyperscaler": "Oracle", "project_name": "Lighthouse (Stargate Wisconsin)", "investment_million_usd": 15000, "megawatts": 902, "acreage": 672, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Great Lakes Neighbors United", "Save Port Washington" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "After months of resident complaints — including reports of 110-decibel noise, incessant backup beeping, and bright work lights shining 24 hours a day into nearby homes — the Port Washington Plan Commission unanimously passed an amendment in March 2026 ending 24-hour outdoor construction at the Vantage Lighthouse site. The new restrictions limit outdoor work to 6 a.m.-8 p.m. Monday-Saturday, with limited Sunday work (8 a.m.-4 p.m., one Sunday/month, with administrator approval). Lighting must drop to 'security levels' after 8:30 p.m. The mayor brought the motion. Changes took effect April 18. Some residents called the compromise insufficient.", "sources": [ "https://www.wpr.org/news/port-washington-limits-construction-hours-data-center-project-after-complaints", "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2026/03/15/neighbors-push-back-on-24-hour-data-center-work-in-port-washington/", "https://www.tmj4.com/news/ozaukee-county/24-hour-construction-at-the-port-washington-data-center-is-set-to-end-in-april-neighbors-say-the-new-city-rules-dont-go-far-enough", "https://www.gmtoday.com/news_graphic/business/data-center-outdoor-work-restrictions/article_e58113ba-5e1c-4175-b947-39f33863cc35.html", "https://www.ozaukeepress.com/content/residents-blast-data-center-work-compromise" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "noise", "community_impact", "design_standards" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "End 24-hour construction at Lighthouse site", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "wisconsin-psc-data-center-tariff-public-hearing-wi-2026-02-10", "jurisdiction": "Wisconsin Public Service Commission (data-center tariff public hearing)", "state": "WI", "county": "Racine County", "lat": 43.0731, "lng": -89.4012, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-02-10", "status": "active", "company": "We Energies / Microsoft", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": "Fairwater Wisconsin (Mount Pleasant)", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 450, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Citizens Utility Board of Wisconsin", "Clean Wisconsin", "Sierra Club Wisconsin" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "A Wisconsin PSC virtual public hearing on the proposed Very Large Customer tariff drew dozens of Wisconsin residents who decried potential effects on electricity rates. The vast majority of speakers during the 3+ hour hearing opposed the proposal, citing the 500 MW threshold (which they argued would let smaller data centers shift costs to ratepayers) and the projection that ordinary consumers would still bear 25% of infrastructure costs. Microsoft's first Mount Pleasant phase is projected to require 450 MW. Union representatives testified in favor of the tariff to keep data centers in Wisconsin. [Validation 2026-06-18: outcome resolved to 'win' per https://psc.wi.gov/Documents/PressReleases/04.24.2026PressRelease.PDF.]", "sources": [ "https://wisconsinexaminer.com/2026/02/10/wisconsin-public-service-commission-data-center-hearing-draws-public-outcry/", "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2026/02/11/wisconsin-psc-public-hearing-on-data-centers-draws-public-outcry/", "https://racinecountyeye.com/2026/02/11/psc-data-center-hearing-oppose/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "PSC public hearing on data-center tariff proposal", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "mea-racine-water-records-lawsuit-wi-2025-09-16", "jurisdiction": "Racine County Circuit Court (MEA / Milwaukee Riverkeeper public-records suit)", "state": "WI", "county": "Racine County", "lat": 42.7261, "lng": -87.7829, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2025-09-16", "status": "approved", "company": "Microsoft / City of Racine", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": "Fairwater Wisconsin (Mount Pleasant)", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 702000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Midwest Environmental Advocates", "Milwaukee Riverkeeper" ], "opposition_website": "https://midwestadvocates.org/mea-takes-legal-action-to-compel-city-of-racine-to-disclose-data-centers-projected-water-use/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Midwest Environmental Advocates filed a Racine County Circuit Court action on behalf of Milwaukee Riverkeeper to enforce Wisconsin's Public Records Law after the City of Racine failed to respond to a February 2025 records request for over seven months. MEA legal fellow Michael Greif said an NDA between Racine and Microsoft was being used to shield the data. Records released the day after the suit's filing showed the first phase of Microsoft Fairwater will use peak 234,000 gallons/day (2.8M gallons/year) scaling to 702,000 gallons/day (8.4M gallons/year). Water comes from Lake Michigan via the Racine Water Utility under the 2018 amended agreement.", "sources": [ "https://midwestadvocates.org/mea-takes-legal-action-to-compel-city-of-racine-to-disclose-data-centers-projected-water-use/", "https://www.wpr.org/news/microsoft-data-centers-lawsuit-force-release-projected-water-use", "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/pressrelease/environmental-groups-sue-city-of-racine-for-public-records-on-water-use-at-mount-pleasant-data-center/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "water", "transparency", "environmental" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Force disclosure of Microsoft Mount Pleasant water-use projections", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "racine-mount-pleasant-water-war-wi-2024-06-01", "jurisdiction": "City of Racine vs. Village of Mount Pleasant (water-and-wastewater agreement dispute)", "state": "WI", "county": "Racine County", "lat": 42.728, "lng": -87.8951, "action_type": [ "lawsuit", "infrastructure_opposition" ], "date": "2024-06-01", "status": "active", "company": "Microsoft / City of Racine / Village of Mount Pleasant", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": "Fairwater Wisconsin (Mount Pleasant)", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The City of Racine (Mayor Cory Mason) sought to renegotiate the 2004/2018-amended water service agreement with Mount Pleasant after Foxconn jobs failed to materialize. Racine began holding up utility connections in August 2023, creating what Mount Pleasant called a 'de facto development ban.' Mount Pleasant filed a dispute notice in 2024 plus a complaint with the Wisconsin PSC; one developer's circuit-court suit is ongoing. The dispute directly threatens Microsoft expansion. Racine ultimately approved hung-up utility connections, but the PSC complaint and circuit-court suit remain alive.", "sources": [ "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2024/09/18/mount-pleasant-racine-in-legal-battle-over-water-after-foxconn-failure/", "https://www.wgtd.org/news/water-war-dispute-threatens-microsoft-and-other-mt-pleasant-projects", "https://www.tmj4.com/news/racine-county/serious-dispute-between-racine-co-officials-threatens-microsoft-data-center" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "water", "community_impact", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "court", "objective": "Resolve Racine-Mount Pleasant water-and-wastewater agreement dispute", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "wisconsin-dnr-microsoft-mount-pleasant-permit-hearings-wi-2024-12-02", "jurisdiction": "Wisconsin DNR (Microsoft Mount Pleasant air + wetland permit hearings)", "state": "WI", "county": "Racine County", "lat": 42.728, "lng": -87.8951, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2024-12-02", "status": "approved", "company": "Microsoft", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": "Fairwater Wisconsin (Mount Pleasant)", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Wisconsin" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Wisconsin DNR held two public hearings on Microsoft Mount Pleasant permits: a Wetland Individual Permit hearing (MKE 09-14) at Mount Pleasant Auditorium on October 6, 2024, and a virtual Air Pollution Control Construction Permit hearing (24-MIN-238 and Operation Permit 25230249A-F03) on December 2, 2024. The air permit covers six new data centers plus revisions for two existing buildings, including 40 emergency diesel generators producing ~100 tons/yr of NOx. Sierra Club and other groups raised concerns; Racine County is in non-attainment for the 2015 ozone air-quality standard. Microsoft says the generators run <24 hr/yr on average using ultra-low-sulfur diesel and/or HVO. Permits subsequently proceeded.", "sources": [ "https://dnr.wisconsin.gov/calendar/hearing/100736", "https://dnr.wisconsin.gov/calendar/hearing/99371", "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2024/11/15/microsofts-wisconsin-data-center-will-rely-on-diesel-backup-power/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "environmental", "water" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "DNR air-permit and wetland-permit public hearings on Microsoft Fairwater", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "mount-pleasant-microsoft-15-building-approval-wi-2026-01-26", "jurisdiction": "Village of Mount Pleasant Village Board (Microsoft 15-building site-plan approval)", "state": "WI", "county": "Racine County", "lat": 42.728, "lng": -87.8951, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-01-26", "status": "approved", "company": "Microsoft", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": "Fairwater Wisconsin (Mount Pleasant)", "investment_million_usd": 13300, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": 9000000, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Mount Pleasant Village Board unanimously approved two site plans for Microsoft's $13.3B expansion — adding 15 data-center buildings on two new campuses — after the Plan Commission unanimously approved them on January 21, 2026. Approvals authorize up to 9 million sq ft of building area, three substations, and total taxable value above $13B. During public comment, six spoke in support, three raised concerns (noise, energy, water). The International Union of Operating Engineers Local 139 turned out in support. Notably less opposition than other Wisconsin data-center proposals (Port Washington, Caledonia, Beaver Dam).", "sources": [ "https://www.wpr.org/news/mount-pleasant-approves-site-plans-microsoft-data-center-expansion", "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/01/26/microsoft-wins-approval-for-15-data-centers-at-wisconsin-foxconn-site.html", "https://racinecountyeye.com/2026/01/27/microsoft-site-plans-approved-data/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "tax_incentive", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": "Approve $13.3B Microsoft 15-building expansion site plans", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "mount-pleasant-microsoft-1000-acre-expansion-wi-2023-11-27", "jurisdiction": "Village of Mount Pleasant Village Board (Microsoft 1,000-acre expansion approval)", "state": "WI", "county": "Racine County", "lat": 42.728, "lng": -87.8951, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "ordinance" ], "date": "2023-11-27", "status": "approved", "company": "Microsoft", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": "Fairwater Wisconsin (Mount Pleasant)", "investment_million_usd": 1400, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 1000, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Mount Pleasant Village Board unanimously approved Microsoft's $1.4B expansion, allowing acquisition of 1,000+ acres including 630 from Mount Pleasant and the remaining acreage from private landowners within Tax Increment District 5 (originally created for Foxconn). The agreements were introduced November 13 to the Village Board and November 14 to the Racine County Board. This established Microsoft as the primary tax base for TID 5 after Foxconn's investment commitment collapsed.", "sources": [ "https://journaltimes.com/news/local/government-politics/mount-pleasant-board-approves-microsoft-expansion/article_fe6f079a-8d90-11ee-9c2e-97d5da22faa3.html", "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2023/11/28/mount-pleasant-approves-microsoft-deal-on-foxconn-land/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "tax_incentive", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": "Approve Microsoft $1.4B expansion onto former Foxconn TID 5 land", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "mount-pleasant-foxconn-eminent-domain-wi-2018-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Village of Mount Pleasant (Foxconn-era eminent domain blight designation)", "state": "WI", "county": "Racine County", "lat": 42.728, "lng": -87.8951, "action_type": [ "lawsuit", "other_opposition" ], "date": "2018-06-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Foxconn / Microsoft (successor)", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": "Foxconn (predecessor to Microsoft Fairwater)", "investment_million_usd": 152, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 2800, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 13000, "opposition_groups": [ "Mahoney family", "Jensen family" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In June 2018, Mount Pleasant declared 4 sq mi (~2,800 acres) 'blighted' — described by attorneys as the largest such designation seen, including newly-built luxury homes. By July 2019, the village had paid more than $152M for 132 properties plus $7.9M in relocation costs. Multiple federal lawsuits were filed by displaced homeowners. Holdout cases included the Jensens (5 federal suits) and Kim & Jim Mahoney (the last home standing). The final eminent-domain lawsuit settled before the Microsoft expansion. Microsoft's Fairwater is built on this acquired land. The Foxconn project ultimately delivered ~1,454 jobs versus the promised 13,000.", "sources": [ "https://wisconsinwatch.org/2019/09/owners-near-foxconn-say-they-were-misled-now-their-homes-are-gone/", "https://wisconsinwatch.org/2019/09/blight-declaration-for-foxconn-one-of-the-largest-ever-seen-experts-say/", "https://www.wpr.org/economy/final-foxconn-eminent-domain-lawsuit-settled" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "property_values", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": "Use 2018 'blight' eminent domain to assemble land later occupied by Microsoft Fairwater", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "mount-pleasant-foxconn-tid5-tif-wi-2017-09-01", "jurisdiction": "Village of Mount Pleasant / Racine County (TID 5 — $911M Foxconn TIF)", "state": "WI", "county": "Racine County", "lat": 42.728, "lng": -87.8951, "action_type": [ "legislation", "ordinance" ], "date": "2017-09-01", "status": "approved", "company": "Foxconn / Microsoft (successor)", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": "Foxconn (predecessor to Microsoft Fairwater)", "investment_million_usd": 911, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": 10000, "opposition_groups": [ "Good Jobs First" ], "opposition_website": "https://goodjobsfirst.org/revamped-foxconn-deal-leaves-mt-pleasant-and-racine-county-fiscal-peril/", "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Village of Mount Pleasant and Racine County created a $911M tax-increment finance district to fund Foxconn land acquisition and infrastructure, leveraging $911M in debt against a $23M annual budget. Wisconsin agreed to backstop 40% of Mount Pleasant's debt if Foxconn bailed. After Foxconn's investment commitment fell from $10B to $672M and jobs from 10,000 to 1,454 (renegotiated state contract reduced subsidies from $3B to $80M), Mount Pleasant faced potentially catastrophic debt. Microsoft's $50M land purchase in August 2023 and subsequent investment helped fill the void. Microsoft acquired 315 acres for $50M from the village; Foxconn had paid the village $60M in 2017 for the rights.", "sources": [ "https://goodjobsfirst.org/revamped-foxconn-deal-leaves-mt-pleasant-and-racine-county-fiscal-peril/", "https://fortune.com/2022/08/04/foxconn-mount-pleasant-wisconsin-wisconn-valley-lcd-factory/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconn_Valley_Science_and_Technology_Park" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "transparency", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": "Create $911M TIF district for Foxconn (later inherited by Microsoft)", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "wisconsin-dnr-racine-lake-michigan-diversion-wi-2018-04-25", "jurisdiction": "Wisconsin DNR (Racine 7M gpd Lake Michigan diversion under Great Lakes Compact)", "state": "WI", "county": "Racine County", "lat": 42.7261, "lng": -87.7829, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2018-04-25", "status": "approved", "company": "Foxconn / Microsoft (successor) / City of Racine", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": "Fairwater Wisconsin (Mount Pleasant)", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": 7000000, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Wisconsin DNR approved Racine's request to draw up to 7 million gallons/day from Lake Michigan for Foxconn under the multi-state Great Lakes Compact — a divisive approval at the time, with 200+ residents packing the SC Johnson iMET Center for hearings, arguing the diversion violated the Compact (which generally prohibits diversions outside the Great Lakes basin; Mount Pleasant is in the basin but the diversion was granted for Foxconn-specific industrial use). Microsoft's projected 8.4M gallons/year falls within Racine's existing 7M gpd approved diversion. Whether Microsoft use was contemplated under the original Foxconn-specific diversion remains a community concern.", "sources": [ "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2025/09/17/microsoft-data-centers-could-use-8-4-million-gallons-of-water-per-year/", "https://www.aicerts.ai/news/microsoft-ai-infrastructure-sparks-lake-michigan-water-debate/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "water", "environmental", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "governor", "objective": "Approve 7M gpd Lake Michigan diversion under Great Lakes Compact", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "wisconsin-sb729-data-center-accountability-wi-2025-11-01", "jurisdiction": "Wisconsin Legislature (SB 729 Data Center Accountability Bill)", "state": "WI", "county": null, "lat": 43.0731, "lng": -89.4012, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2025-11-01", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Fairwater Wisconsin (Mount Pleasant) (referenced)", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club Wisconsin", "Wisconsin Conservation Voters" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Sen. Jodi Habush Sinykin (D-Whitefish Bay) and Rep. Angela Stroud (D-Ashland) introduced the first Wisconsin bill to hold data centers accountable. SB 729 / LRB 5432 would create a new 'very large customer' rate class requiring biennial rate cases, prohibit cost-shift to ratepayers, require 70% renewable energy for the sales-tax exemption, and mandate prevailing wage. Sierra Club Wisconsin, Wisconsin Conservation Voters, and labor unions backed it. The Wisconsin Senate adjourned March 19, 2026 without debating or voting on the bill. Competing bills included AB 245 (GOP, modifying the sales-tax exemption — Assembly passed January 21, 2026) and SB 1061 (data-center moratorium). A companion NDA-focused hearing was held February 17, 2026.", "sources": [ "https://www.sierraclub.org/press-releases/2025/11/sierra-club-wisconsin-applauds-new-data-center-accountability-legislation", "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/proposals/sb729", "https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/green-bay/news/2026/03/19/wisconsin-senate-adjourns-without-a-vote-on-data-centers", "https://wisconsinexaminer.com/2026/02/12/democratic-lawmakers-propose-data-center-moratorium/" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "transparency", "anti_ai", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": "Create VLC rate class, ban cost-shift, require 70% renewable for sales-tax exemption", "community_outcome": "loss", "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Validation pass cleared hyperscaler 'Microsoft': no primary source explicitly names the tenant for this project.", "added": "2026-06-18" } ] }, { "id": "wisconsin-psc-we-energies-oak-creek-paris-gas-plants-wi-2024-08-15", "jurisdiction": "Wisconsin Public Service Commission (We Energies Oak Creek + Paris RICE gas plants)", "state": "WI", "county": "Racine County", "lat": 43.0731, "lng": -89.4012, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2025-05-22", "status": "approved", "company": "We Energies / Microsoft", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": "Fairwater Wisconsin (Mount Pleasant) (referenced load driver)", "investment_million_usd": 1500, "megawatts": 1100, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Clean Wisconsin", "Sierra Club Wisconsin" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Wisconsin PSC approved We Energies' $1.5B plan for a new five-turbine 1,100 MW natural-gas plant in Oak Creek (with a new LNG storage terminal at the Lake Michigan shore plus a 33-mile pipeline) and a reciprocating internal combustion engine (RICE) gas plant in Paris (Kenosha County), citing the need to power Microsoft Mount Pleasant. Clean Wisconsin and Sierra Club opposed, arguing this locks in 1,200 MW of new fossil generation in an already-non-attainment region. We Energies later announced a $5.5B / nine-project portfolio (November 2025).", "sources": [ "https://biztimes.com/psc-approves-natural-gas-power-plants-planned-in-oak-creek-and-kenosha-county/", "https://www.cleanwisconsin.org/psc-approves-plan-to-power-ai-data-center-with-gas-plants-bringing-1200-mw-of-new-dirty-power-to-southeast-wisconsin/", "https://www.canarymedia.com/articles/utilities/wepco-gas-data-centers" ], "data_source": "frontier_deep_dive_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-18", "scope": "statewide", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "air_quality", "environmental", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": "utility_commission", "objective": "Approve 1,200 MW of new gas generation tied to Microsoft Mount Pleasant load", "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "federal-mciver-data-center-transparency-act-us-2026-04-23", "jurisdiction": "US House (Rep. McIver — AI Data Center Site Selection Transparency Act)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": null, "lng": null, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "date": "2026-04-23", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 23, 2026, Rep. LaMonica McIver (D-NJ-10), with co-leads Reps. Valerie Foushee (D-NC-04) and Andre Carson (D-IN-07), introduced the AI Data Center Site Selection Transparency Act of 2026. The bill requires developers to publicly disclose proposed AI data center locations at least 180 days before any definitive development step, mandates multilingual community outreach, requires developer-funded independent third-party environmental impact analyses, restricts NDAs with public entities, requires disclosure of electricity, water, and cooling demand, and treats violations as unfair or deceptive practices under the FTC Act with joint liability for developers, owners, and operators. Pro-community / transparency-focused bill with environmental-justice framing. Sponsors: LaMonica McIver, Valerie Foushee, Andre Carson.", "sources": [ "https://mciver.house.gov/media/press-releases/mciver-introduces-bill-to-stop-surprise-ai-data-center-development", "https://www.insidernj.com/mciver-introduces-bill-to-stop-surprise-ai-data-center-development/", "https://mciver.house.gov/imo/media/doc/ai_data_center_site_selection_transparency_act_of_2026.pdf" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "federal", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "environmental", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": "Require federal pre-disclosure (180 days), multilingual outreach, third-party environmental impact studies, NDA restrictions, and resource-demand disclosure for all proposed AI data centers.", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "federal-nber-muller-data-center-damages-2026-04-21", "jurisdiction": "Federal / National Bureau of Economic Research (Carnegie Mellon — Muller study)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": null, "lng": null, "action_type": [ "study_or_report" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Carnegie Mellon economist Nicholas Z. Muller released NBER Working Paper w35100 in April 2026, 'Measuring the Impact of Data Centers in the United States Economy: Monetary Damage from Air Pollution and Greenhouse Gas Emissions.' The study analyzed approximately 2,800 U.S. data centers operating in 2025 and estimated $25 billion in annual gross external damages (range $10-33B) from local air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, with $3.7B specifically tied to AI activities. Texas and Virginia together account for roughly 30% of the national health-cost burden. The paper projects damages could rise up to 85% in the near term as planned expansion comes online. Widely covered April 21, 2026 in Fortune and used by community advocates pushing for federal regulation. Informational/research finding rather than a discrete fight outcome.", "sources": [ "https://www.nber.org/papers/w35100", "https://fortune.com/2026/04/21/data-centers-environmental-health-costs-25-billion/" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "federal", "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "environmental", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": "Quantify monetary damages of U.S. data center air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions to inform federal regulatory and policy responses.", "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "indianapolis-council-pause-resolution-in-2026-04-21", "jurisdiction": "Indianapolis City-County Council", "state": "IN", "county": "Marion County", "lat": 39.7684, "lng": -86.1581, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 21, 2026, the Indianapolis City-County Council unanimously passed Proposal No. 158 (sponsored by Councilor Jesse Brown) asking the Metropolitan Development Commission (MDC) to defer approval of new rezoning petitions and Improvement Location Permits for hyperscale data center projects until May 7, 2027 or until the MDC adopts new data center regulations. The resolution is non-binding — the MDC is independent and has no obligation to comply — but signals strong council pressure following months of resident opposition. Same meeting, the council denied the Martindale-Brightwood Metrobloks appeal.", "sources": [ "https://www.wthr.com/article/news/local/city-county-council-passes-unanimous-resolution-calling-for-pause-data-center-development-indianapolis/531-981b44da-cda9-4adf-be1c-37b865904199", "https://www.ibj.com/articles/indy-council-asks-for-data-center-approval-pause-denies-martindale-brightwood-appeal", "https://fox59.com/news/indianapolis-city-county-council-seeks-to-halt-data-center-developments-until-may-2027/", "https://www.insideindianabusiness.com/articles/indy-council-asks-for-pause-in-data-center-approvals-denies-martindale-brightwood-appeal" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Pressure MDC to pause hyperscale data center approvals until new regulations adopted", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "niles-oh-bitdeer-withdrawal-2026-04-20", "jurisdiction": "Niles", "state": "OH", "county": "Trumbull County", "lat": 41.1828, "lng": -80.7659, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2026-04-20", "status": "defeated", "company": "Whitetail Creek LLC / Bitdeer Technologies Group", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Bitdeer Niles data center", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 300, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On Monday April 20, 2026, the City of Niles announced it would take \"no further action\" on a proposed annexation of three Weathersfield Township parcels submitted by Whitetail Creek LLC (a Bitdeer subsidiary) for a planned 300 MW AI/crypto data center at 1047 Belmont Ave. The announcement effectively halts the project. The April 15 council meeting featured 90 minutes of overwhelmingly opposed public comment. Niles is concurrently moving toward a moratorium on data centers, with a public hearing set for May 20. May 21, 2026: Niles (Trumbull County) enacted a 180-day data center moratorium with an emergency declaration and hired a consultant. Company: Bitdeer (1047 Belmont Ave).", "sources": [ "https://www.wkbn.com/news/local-news/niles-news/niles-announces-decision-on-proposed-data-center-annexation/", "https://www.wfmj.com/news/local-news/niles/city-of-niles-no-further-action-on-proposed-annexation-related-to-bitdeer-data-center-project/article_9a921062-8dd2-4528-bbff-57e0777f25ab.html", "https://www.tribtoday.com/news/local-news/2026/04/niles-council-considers-data-center-moratorium/", "https://www.tribtoday.com/news/local-news/2026/05/niles-oks-data-center-moratorium/" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Block Bitdeer 300 MW annexation and adopt moratorium in Niles", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "san-angelo-tx-zoning-ordinance-2026-04-20", "jurisdiction": "San Angelo", "state": "TX", "county": "Tom Green County", "lat": 31.4638, "lng": -100.437, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-20", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 20, 2026, the San Angelo Planning Commission voted 6-0 to recommend approval of a new data center zoning ordinance that establishes land-use rules for data centers in certain manufacturing zoning districts, including a 200-foot setback from residential areas, height restrictions, and other design standards. The recommendation now goes to the San Angelo City Council for final adoption.", "sources": [ "https://www.conchovalleyhomepage.com/news/local-news/concho-valley-data-centers/data-center-zoning-regulations/" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "noise", "design_standards", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Adopt zoning ordinance with setbacks and design standards for data centers in San Angelo", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "coachella-ca-2026-04-22", "jurisdiction": "Coachella", "state": "CA", "county": "Riverside County", "lat": 33.6803, "lng": -116.1739, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "other_opposition" ], "date": "2026-06-04", "status": "passed", "company": "Stronghold Power Systems / DMK Project Solutions", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Coachella Valley Technology Campus", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 240, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On April 22, 2026, more than 100 residents packed the Coachella City Council meeting demanding a moratorium on the proposed 240-acre (potentially 450-acre, six-building) Coachella Valley Technology Campus near Avenue 52 and Fillmore Street, planned by Stronghold Power Systems / DMK Project Solutions. The item was not on the formal agenda; residents used public comment to press officials over water use in a drought-prone region, electric demand, air quality, noise, and loss of farmland in a 97% Latino working-class community. The mayor did not commit to a moratorium; a community town hall was scheduled for May 11. Records show developer Stronghold previously donated to former Mayor Steven Hernandez. May 11, 2026: Heated town hall at Boys & Girls Club drew dozens of frustrated residents directly confronting Stronghold Power Systems; moratorium petition circulating. Project must complete full EIR before approval. On June 4, the City Council was scheduled to vote on a 45-day moratorium and discuss a potential permanent ban on the Coachella Valley Technology Campus. RESOLVED: On June 4, 2026 the Coachella City Council unanimously approved Urgency Ordinance 1229 (a 45-day data center moratorium) AND voted to terminate its development agreement with Stronghold Power Systems (the proposed Avenue 52/Fillmore campus), directing staff to bring a permanent ban within the 45-day window.", "sources": [ "https://kesq.com/news/2026/04/22/more-than-100-residents-protest-proposed-data-center-at-coachella-city-council-meeting/", "https://www.nbcpalmsprings.com/2026/04/22/controversial-data-center-proposal-sparks-community-outcry-in-coachella", "https://www.kpbs.org/news/environment/2026/04/27/coachella-residents-call-for-data-center-moratorium-as-debate-expands-across-southern-california", "https://ourlosangeles.com/coachella-residents-demand-moratorium-on-data-centers/", { "url": "https://www.nbcpalmsprings.com/2026/05/11/coachella-residents-confront-developers-over-massive-proposed-data-center-at-heated-town-hall", "title": "Coachella residents confront developers at heated town hall" }, { "url": "https://ukenreport.com/data-center-town-hall-follows-moratorium-plea/", "title": "Data center town hall follows moratorium plea" }, { "url": "https://kesq.com/news/2026/06/04/coachella-city-council-to-vote-on-45-day-data-center-moratorium-discuss-potential-permanent-ban/", "title": "Coachella City Council to vote on 45-day data center moratorium" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-16", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "water", "air_quality", "farmland", "community_impact", "transparency", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Adopt moratorium on Coachella Valley Technology Campus in Coachella", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "harnett-county-nc-2026-04-21", "jurisdiction": "Harnett County", "state": "NC", "county": "Harnett County", "lat": 35.37, "lng": -78.87, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Harnett County Commissioners on April 21, 2026 voted to schedule a public hearing for May 4, 2026 on a proposed one-year data center moratorium and authorized modifications to the county's Unified Development Ordinance language. Commissioners cited concerns about the water department's capacity to support large-load uses. The vote follows a wave of central North Carolina counties advancing data center moratoriums in spring 2026.", "sources": [ "https://sandhills.news/2026/04/21/harnett-moratorium-on-data-centers-public-hearing-scheduled/", "https://www.sanfordherald.com/archives/harnett-commissioners-approve-one-year-data-center-moratorium/article_17ded063-c0fe-548e-bab0-20cd6df6c922.html" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "water", "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause data center development in Harnett County pending regulations", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "cumberland-county-nc-2026-04-20", "jurisdiction": "Cumberland County", "state": "NC", "county": "Cumberland County", "lat": 35.05, "lng": -78.83, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-06-15", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Cumberland County (NC) Board of Commissioners voted 6-0 (one absent) on April 20, 2026 to schedule a public hearing on May 18 at 6:45 p.m. on a proposed data center moratorium. Commissioners also voted 6-0 to direct the Cumberland County Joint Planning Board to collaborate with the City of Fayetteville on developing data center regulations. Residents have suggested moratorium durations of one to three years. Commissioner Henry Tyson stressed distinguishing dedicated data centers from companies where data storage is secondary. May 18, 2026: Packed public hearing held (21 speakers, most backing a 1-3 year moratorium); county attorney recommended a yearlong pause. PRSM Group's proposed two 1M-sq-ft phases (~225 MW) drove concern. Board reportedly moving to adopt a one-year moratorium (exact vote tally unconfirmed). RESOLVED: On June 15, 2026 the Cumberland County (NC) Commissioners voted 7-0 for a six-month data center moratorium (through Dec 15, 2026), halting site-plan review and permits for data centers in unincorporated areas while the county drafts its first rules. Developers eyeing the county include Terra Nexus Ventures and PRSM Group; the ban does not cover projects inside Fayetteville.", "sources": [ "https://www.cityviewnc.com/stories/cumberland-commissioners-schedule-hearing-on-data-center-moratorium/", "https://1077thebounce.com/2026/04/23/cumberland-county-approves-1-45m-generator-contract-schedules-data-center-moratorium-hearing/", { "url": "https://www.cityviewnc.com/stories/data-center-proposal-emerges-as-county-holds-hearing-on-moratorium/", "title": "Cumberland County holds moratorium hearing" }, { "url": "https://abc11.com/post/data-center-developments-hold-cumberland-county-weighs-moratorium/19126573/", "title": "Cumberland County weighs moratorium" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Pause data center development in Cumberland County pending regulations", "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "wythe-county-va-2026-04-22", "jurisdiction": "Wythe County", "state": "VA", "county": "Wythe County", "lat": 36.92, "lng": -81.08, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-04-22", "status": "pending", "company": "Solis Arx", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Solis Arx AI computing campus (Progress Park)", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 99, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Reserve Wythe" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On Earth Day, April 22, 2026, Reserve Wythe (led by Andy Kegley) organized a public rally in Wythe County, VA — one of the few Virginia counties without zoning — to demand a public hearing on adopting a zoning ordinance to slow or restrict additional data center development. The group is targeting the previously announced 99-acre, multi-phase Solis Arx AI data center campus in Progress Park. A concurrent data center impact discussion was held at the Blacksburg library featuring Daniel Breslau of Virginia Tech's Science, Technology, and Society department. May 11, 2026: Wythe County held third community input meeting on proposed zoning ordinance. Two earlier attempts failed; local leaders say 'this third attempt feels different.' On June 4, 2026, TAC Data Centers (a subsidiary of Atlanta-based The Ardent Companies) announced a separate 1,000+ acre, 9-11 building, 3.5-4 million sq ft, 1+ GW campus near I-81 east of Wytheville. Because Wythe County has no zoning, the project requires no rezoning vote — only local building and state environmental permits — intensifying calls for a county zoning ordinance.", "sources": [ "https://www.wdbj7.com/2026/04/22/earth-day-brings-focus-growing-data-center-debate-across-southwest-virginia/", { "url": "https://www.wsls.com/news/local/2026/05/11/wythe-county-hears-community-input-on-zoning-laws-as-data-center-concerns-grow/", "title": "Wythe County hears community input on zoning laws" }, { "url": "https://cardinalnews.org/2026/06/04/gigawatt-data-center-project-planned-for-wythe-county/", "title": "Gigawatt data center project planned for Wythe County" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-06-07", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "transparency", "environmental", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": "Establish zoning oversight for data center development in unzoned Wythe County", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "charlotte-nc-american-towers-2026-04-23", "jurisdiction": "Charlotte", "state": "NC", "county": "Mecklenburg County", "lat": 35.23, "lng": -80.84, "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-04-23", "status": "delayed", "company": "American Towers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "East Charlotte data center near Reedy Creek Nature Preserve", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 10, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Charlotte's Party for Socialism and Liberation" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "At the April 23, 2026 Charlotte zoning meeting, American Towers — citing a need for additional community engagement — pushed its rezoning hearing to May for a small data center planned on 10 acres of a 58-acre property near Reedy Creek Nature Preserve in east Charlotte. Charlotte's Party for Socialism and Liberation organized roughly 15 protesters outside the Charlotte-Mecklenburg Government Center. Residents raised concerns about proximity to the nature preserve and surrounding neighborhoods. May 12, 2026: Charlotte City Council voted to hold public hearing May 26 on citywide data center moratorium; American Towers rezoning vote rescheduled to May 18. Petition exceeded 5,000 signatures. May 11, 2026: Council escalated to a proposed 150-day moratorium and voted to hold a public hearing May 26, setting up a moratorium vote June 8. American Towers' Hood Road rezoning was set for a May 18 council vote; outcome unconfirmed.", "sources": [ "https://www.wfae.org/energy-environment/2026-04-23/east-charlotte-residents-protest-data-center-development-during-rezoning-hearing", { "url": "https://www.wbtv.com/2026/05/11/charlotte-city-council-finally-debate-data-centers-freeze/", "title": "Charlotte City Council to finally debate data center freeze" }, { "url": "https://www.axios.com/local/charlotte/2026/05/11/data-center-moratorium-city-council-ai-150", "title": "Charlotte weighs 150-day data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.wbtv.com/2026/05/12/charlotte-city-council-votes-hold-public-meeting-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Charlotte City Council votes to hold moratorium hearing" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact", "transparency" ], "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": "Block American Towers data center near Reedy Creek Nature Preserve", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "bethel-township-lebanon-pa-2026-04-21", "jurisdiction": "Bethel Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Lebanon County", "lat": 40.45, "lng": -76.3, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-04-21", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Bethel Township Planning Commission unanimously voted on April 21, 2026 to begin developing a draft data center ordinance, with Chairman Dale Snader noting \"It's coming, and I suppose we have to look at it.\" Zoning officer Jackie Hollenbach was tasked with researching peer ordinances; the commission is weighing whether to handle data centers via special exception or conditional use.", "sources": [ "https://lebtown.com/2026/04/23/data-centers-old-comprehensive-plan-highlight-bethel-twp-planning-session/" ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-04", "last_updated": "2026-05-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": "Develop data center zoning ordinance for Bethel Township", "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "house-oversight-comer-altman-conflicts-letter-us-2026-05-08", "date": "2026-05-08", "jurisdiction": "US House Oversight Committee (Chair Comer letter to OpenAI CEO Altman)", "state": "US", "scope": "federal", "action_type": [ "executive_action" ], "issue_category": [ "transparency", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "active", "company": "OpenAI", "hyperscaler": "OpenAI", "summary": "House Oversight Committee Chair James Comer (R-KY) sent OpenAI CEO Sam Altman a formal investigative letter demanding documents related to potential conflicts of interest, including Altman's personal investment in Helion fusion (which OpenAI has proposed power-purchase deals with) and the OpenAI nonprofit-to-for-profit conversion. Briefing requested by May 22. Tangential to data centers via the Helion-Stargate infrastructure financing angle.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://oversight.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/Altman-OpenAI-Letter-050826.pdf", "title": "Comer letter to Altman (Oversight Committee PDF)" }, { "url": "https://www.pymnts.com/artificial-intelligence-2/2026/sam-altmans-investments-face-scrutiny-from-oversight-committee/", "title": "Sam Altman's investments face Oversight scrutiny" }, { "url": "https://finance.yahoo.com/economy/policy/articles/oversight-chair-seeks-information-openais-002129192.html", "title": "Oversight Chair seeks information from OpenAI" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "blm-green-chile-pipeline-project-jupiter-us-2026-05-06", "date": "2026-05-06", "jurisdiction": "US Bureau of Land Management (Las Cruces District — Green Chile natural gas pipeline ROW for Project Jupiter)", "state": "US", "scope": "federal", "action_type": [ "regulatory_action" ], "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "approved", "company": "Transwestern Pipeline; OpenAI; Oracle; BorderPlex Digital Assets", "hyperscaler": "OpenAI", "summary": "BLM fast-tracked rights-of-way approval for the 16-18 mile Transwestern Green Chile pipeline that will move 400 million cubic feet/day of natural gas to Project Jupiter, the 3M sq ft Oracle/OpenAI AI data center in Santa Teresa, NM (Doña Ana County). Environmental review compressed from ~1 year to 14 days under DOI 2025 emergency permitting authority. NM environmental groups and FERC staff had filed challenges calling the application incomplete. FERC approval still pending.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://sourcenm.com/2026/05/07/blm-fast-tracks-green-chile-pipeline-construction-review-for-new-mexico-data-center-project-jupiter/", "title": "BLM fast-tracks Green Chile pipeline for Project Jupiter" }, { "url": "https://www.krqe.com/news/new-mexico/natural-gas-pipeline-for-project-jupiter-approved-by-the-bureau-of-land-management/", "title": "BLM approves natural gas pipeline for Project Jupiter" }, { "url": "https://kvia.com/news/2026/05/06/authorized-pipeline-to-deliver-natural-gas-to-project-jupiter-bureau-of-land-management/", "title": "BLM authorizes pipeline to deliver natural gas to Project Jupiter" }, { "url": "https://www.santafenewmexican.com/news/local_news/bureau-of-land-management-oks-natural-gas-pipeline-for-project-jupiter/article_1f55747e-b71f-419c-8b62-0f084b725bac.html", "title": "BLM OKs natural gas pipeline for Project Jupiter" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "caisi-frontier-ai-testing-agreements-us-2026-05-05", "date": "2026-05-05", "jurisdiction": "US Commerce Department / NIST Center for AI Standards and Innovation (CAISI testing agreements with Google DeepMind, Microsoft, xAI)", "state": "US", "scope": "federal", "action_type": [ "executive_action", "regulatory_action" ], "issue_category": [ "transparency" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "active", "company": "Google DeepMind, Microsoft, xAI", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "CAISI announced voluntary pre-deployment evaluation agreements giving Commerce/NIST authority to evaluate Google DeepMind, Microsoft, and xAI frontier AI models in classified environments before public release. Step toward an FDA-style pre-release framework. Commerce later quietly removed the announcement page (per May 12 reporting).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.hpcwire.com/off-the-wire/nists-caisi-announces-new-frontier-ai-testing-agreements-with-google-deepmind-microsoft-xai/", "title": "NIST's CAISI announces frontier AI testing agreements" }, { "url": "https://www.cnn.com/2026/05/05/tech/microsoft-google-xai-government-test-ai-models", "title": "Microsoft, Google, xAI give government access to test AI models" }, { "url": "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/05/05/ai-oversight-trump-google-microsoft-xai.html", "title": "Trump-era AI oversight with Google, Microsoft, xAI" }, { "url": "https://www.nextgov.com/artificial-intelligence/2026/05/commerce-ai-center-will-evaluate-google-deepmind-microsoft-and-xai-models/413349/", "title": "Commerce AI center will evaluate Google DeepMind, Microsoft, xAI" }, { "url": "https://www.technology.org/2026/05/12/us-commerce-dept-deletes-ai-testing-page-google-microsoft-xai/", "title": "Commerce deletes AI testing page" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "dod-ai-classified-networks-8-firms-us-2026-05-05", "date": "2026-05-05", "jurisdiction": "US Department of Defense (Chief Digital and AI Office — agreements with SpaceX, OpenAI, Google, NVIDIA, Microsoft, AWS, Reflection, Oracle to deploy AI on classified networks)", "state": "US", "scope": "federal", "action_type": [ "executive_action" ], "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "signed", "company": "SpaceX, OpenAI, Google, NVIDIA, Microsoft, AWS, Reflection, Oracle", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "DOD struck agreements with 8 tech firms to deploy advanced AI on IL6 (secret) and IL7 (highly restricted) classified networks. Part of broader January 2026 DOD AI Strategy investing in AI compute infrastructure from data centers to the edge. Federal partnership pattern parallels Stargate-style arrangements.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://federalnewsnetwork.com/defense-news/2026/05/dod-strikes-deals-with-major-tech-firms-to-deploy-ai-on-classified-networks/", "title": "DOD strikes deals with major tech firms" }, { "url": "https://breakingdefense.com/2026/05/pentagon-clears-7-tech-firms-to-deploy-their-ai-on-its-classified-networks/", "title": "Pentagon clears 7 tech firms for classified networks" }, { "url": "https://www.nextgov.com/artificial-intelligence/2026/05/pentagon-makes-agreements-7-companies-add-ai-classified-networks/413264/", "title": "Pentagon makes agreements with 7 companies" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "nerc-level-3-alert-data-center-load-instability-us-2026-05-11", "date": "2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "NERC (FERC-supervised — Level 2/3 Alert acknowledgment deadline on data-center large-load instability)", "state": "US", "scope": "federal", "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "utility_regulation" ], "issue_category": [ "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "NERC's federally registered utilities were required to acknowledge receipt of NERC's escalated Level 2/3 Alert on data-center large-load disturbances by May 11, 2026 (full responses due August 3). Follows September 2025 Level 2 Alert and Level 3 escalation, both responding to multiple events where data centers unexpectedly dropped or oscillated load and threatened bulk power system stability. Results forwarded to FERC. Confirmed as a NERC Level 3 'Essential Action' Alert (highest tier, rarely used) — mandates 7 near-term actions for transmission planners/operators on modeling, study, commissioning (full-load/no-load testing), dynamic fault recorders, and updated protection standards for large computational loads. Substantive entity responses due August 3, 2026.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.utilitydive.com/news/nerc-issues-rare-level-3-alert-over-data-center-load-losses/819295/", "title": "NERC issues rare Level 3 Alert over data center load losses" }, { "url": "https://www.nerc.com/globalassets/programs/bpsa/alerts/2025/nerc-alert-level-2--large-loads.pdf", "title": "NERC Alert Level 2 — Large Loads" }, { "url": "https://www.nerc.com/globalassets/who-we-are/legal--regulatory/filings--orders/nerc-filings-to-ferc/2026/nerc_accelerated-ll-action-plan_rm26-4_signed.pdf", "title": "NERC accelerated large-load action plan filed to FERC" }, { "url": "https://www.morganlewis.com/blogs/powerandpipes/2026/05/nerc-alert-moves-data-centers-from-emerging-risks-to-planning-obligations", "title": "NERC alert moves data centers to planning obligations" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-25" }, { "id": "van-wert-thor-equities-mega-site-oh-2026-05-11", "date": "2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "Van Wert City Council, OH", "state": "OH", "scope": "local", "county": "Van Wert", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 40.8689, "lng": -84.5841, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "approved", "company": "Thor Equities", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Van Wert City Council voted unanimously 6-0 with emergency provision to approve three ordinances: annexation of ~962 acres from Marsh Foundation, conditional zoning, and I-2 industrial zoning for the $10B Mega Site data center (escalated from $2B with an unnamed larger end user). May 4 public hearing drew 200+ residents, most opposed. Project advanced over vocal community resistance.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://thevwindependent.com/news/2026/05/11/council-unanimously-approves-data-center-legislation/", "title": "Council unanimously approves data center legislation" }, { "url": "https://www.21alivenews.com/2026/05/05/van-wert-leaders-hold-public-hearing-potential-10b-data-center/", "title": "Van Wert public hearing on $10B data center" }, { "url": "https://www.wane.com/news/local-news/hearing-on-10-billion-data-center-set-for-van-wert-ohio/", "title": "Hearing on $10B data center set for Van Wert" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "twinsburg-oh-moratorium-2026-05-05", "date": "2026-05-05", "jurisdiction": "Twinsburg City Council, OH", "state": "OH", "scope": "local", "county": "Summit", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 41.312, "lng": -81.4401, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Twinsburg City Council unanimously approved a one-year moratorium on new data center development, citing water and infrastructure concerns. No specific project targeted.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.cleveland.com/summit-county/2026/05/twinsburg-approves-one-year-data-center-moratorium.html", "title": "Twinsburg approves one-year data center moratorium" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "lordstown-moratorium-extension-oh-2026-05-05", "date": "2026-06-16", "jurisdiction": "Lordstown Village Council, OH", "state": "OH", "scope": "local", "county": "Trumbull", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 41.1648, "lng": -80.8665, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": "Bristolville 25 Developer LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Lordstown Village Council announced plan to extend its 180-day data center moratorium by another 180 days; hired consultant Brian Frantz ($7,625 cap). The OpenAI Stargate Lordstown site (6M sq ft former GM/Foxconn plant, Crescent Dune LLC) is adjacent but distinct from the Bristolville 25 parcel whose Ohio Supreme Court lawsuit remains pending. Public hearing scheduled June 2026. May 4, 2026: Council moved to advertise a June public hearing to extend the existing 180-day moratorium by another 180 days (covers village + Jackson Twp). The OpenAI Stargate Lordstown site (former GM/Foxconn plant, Crescent Dune LLC) does not appear subject to this moratorium. [Validation 2026-06-21: outcome -> 'win' per https://www.tribtoday.com/news/local-news/2026/06/lordstown-extends-data-center-moratorium/.] [Update 2026-06-22: On June 16, 2026, Lordstown Village Council voted unanimously, by emergency reading, to extend its data center moratorium another 180 days (effective July 5, 2026), pushing the freeze through end of 2026. The original 180-day moratorium was enacted Jan. 5, 2026 and was set to expire July 4. A June 15 public hearing drew few residents (one comment, in...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.vindy.com/news/local-news/2026/05/lordstown-officials-plan-to-re-up-180-day-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "title": "Lordstown officials plan to re-up 180-day moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.tribtoday.com/news/local-news/2026/05/lordstown-looks-to-extend-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "title": "Lordstown looks to extend moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.tribtoday.com/news/local-news/2026/06/lordstown-extends-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Lordstown extends data center moratorium - Tribune Chronicle" }, { "url": "https://www.wfmj.com/news/local-news/lordstown/lordstown-council-approves-extension-of-data-center-moratorium/article_2695b8e2-8772-480c-96ab-3ad135749e46.html", "title": "Lordstown Council approves extension of data center moratorium - WFMJ" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-22" }, { "id": "save-ohio-parks-statewide-moratorium-call-oh-2026-05-11", "date": "2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "Save Ohio Parks (statewide advocacy)", "state": "OH", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 40.4173, "lng": -82.9071, "action_type": [ "study_or_report" ], "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "water" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "published", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Save Ohio Parks released a report calling for a statewide moratorium on approving new data centers until regulations are adopted. Demands: 100% renewable energy match, full grid-cost coverage, mandatory water-usage disclosure.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wosu.org/2026-05-11/environmental-group-asking-for-moratorium-on-new-data-center-in-ohio", "title": "Environmental group asks for moratorium on new Ohio data centers" }, { "url": "https://saveohioparks.org/2026/05/11/save-ohio-parks-research-says-ai-data-center-buildout-can-work-if-it-runs-on-renewable-energy/", "title": "Save Ohio Parks AI data center buildout report" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "washington-in-outrigger-cancel-moratorium-2026-05-11", "date": "2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "Washington City Council, IN", "state": "IN", "scope": "local", "county": "Daviess", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 38.6594, "lng": -87.1728, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal", "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "water", "zoning", "transparency" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": "Outrigger Industrial", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Washington City Council voted unanimously to cease all dealings with Outrigger Industrial after the developer failed to answer questions about a proposed 1,000,000-gallon/day water-demand facility. Council also directed the city attorney to investigate establishing a temporary moratorium.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ipm.org/news/2026-05-12/washington-city-council-cancels-data-center-development-will-explore-moratorium", "title": "Washington City Council cancels data center development" }, { "url": "https://www.washtimesherald.com/news/local_news/washington-city-council-says-no-to-data-center/article_9e635735-d823-46b1-9c83-3c89b04934e5.html", "title": "Washington City Council says no to data center" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "indianapolis-metrobloks-martindale-brightwood-in-2026-05-04", "date": "2026-05-04", "jurisdiction": "Indianapolis City-County Council (Metrobloks Martindale-Brightwood rezoning), IN", "state": "IN", "scope": "local", "county": "Marion", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 39.8089, "lng": -86.1336, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact", "environmental" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "approved", "company": "Metrobloks", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Indianapolis City-County Council approved rezoning for a Metrobloks (California-based) data center in the historically Black Martindale-Brightwood neighborhood. Simultaneously passed a non-binding resolution calling for a citywide pause. Approval overruled significant community opposition.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wfyi.org/wfyi-news/2026-05-04/metrobloks-data-center-gets-final-approval-for-martindale-brightwood", "title": "Metrobloks data center gets final approval for Martindale-Brightwood" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "indianapolis-metrobloks-lawsuit-martindale-brightwood-in-2026-05-12", "date": "2026-05-12", "jurisdiction": "Marion County Superior Court (Hoosier Environmental Council / Protect Martindale-Brightwood v. Metrobloks et al.), IN", "state": "IN", "scope": "local", "county": "Marion", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 39.8089, "lng": -86.1336, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "issue_category": [ "environmental", "community_impact", "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "filed", "company": "Metrobloks; Sherman Investments LLC; Indianapolis Metropolitan Development Commission", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Hoosier Environmental Council and the Protect Martindale-Brightwood coalition filed suit in Marion County Superior Court seeking an injunction against the Metrobloks data center rezoning, alleging environmental racism in a historically Black neighborhood.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wfyi.org/wfyi-news/2026-05-12/martindale-brightwood-data-center-court-challenge", "title": "Martindale-Brightwood data center court challenge" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "boone-county-in-moratorium-apc-2026-05-07", "date": "2026-06-15", "jurisdiction": "Boone County Area Plan Commission (moratorium recommendation), IN", "state": "IN", "scope": "local", "county": "Boone", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 40.0481, "lng": -86.4685, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Boone County Area Plan Commission unanimously forwarded a favorable recommendation to the County Commissioners for a one-year moratorium on data centers in unincorporated areas. Meta's $10B Lebanon campus is incorporated and would not be affected. As of May 21, 2026: County Commissioners' vote postponed to at least June; a public hearing is being scheduled. The one-year moratorium would pause unincorporated-area projects while the county finishes its comprehensive plan. RESOLVED: On June 15, 2026 the Boone County Commissioners voted unanimously to enact a one-year moratorium (June 16, 2026-June 15, 2027) pausing new data center applications in unincorporated Boone County and the town of Advance, while the county drafts zoning rules. It does not affect Meta's ~$10B Lebanon LEAP campus (annexed before construction). [Update 2026-06-22: On Monday June 15, 2026 the Boone County (Indiana) Commissioners unanimously adopted a one-year moratorium on new data center development in the county's unincorporated areas (and the town of Advance), effective June 16, 2026 through June 15, 2027. This finalizes the favorable recommendation the Boone County Area Plan Commission had forwarded. The...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ibj.com/articles/boone-county-considering-moratorium-on-data-centers", "title": "Boone County considering moratorium on data centers" }, { "url": "https://www.axios.com/local/indianapolis/2026/05/11/burb-bites-boone-county-mulling-data-center-moratorium", "title": "Boone County mulling data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.insideindianabusiness.com/articles/boone-county-considering-moratorium-on-data-center-development", "title": "Boone County considering moratorium on data center development" }, { "url": "https://youarecurrent.com/2026/05/21/boone-county-area-plan-commission-to-have-public-hearing-on-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Boone County to hold public hearing on moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.ibj.com/articles/boone-county-passes-moratorium-on-data-center-development", "title": "Boone County passes moratorium on data center development — Indianapolis Business Journal" }, { "url": "https://www.wishtv.com/news/politics/boone-county-indiana-approves-moratorium-on-new-data-centers/", "title": "Boone County approves moratorium on new data centers — WISH-TV" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-22" }, { "id": "tazewell-county-il-ordinance-2026-05-07", "date": "2026-05-07", "jurisdiction": "Tazewell County Board, IL", "state": "IL", "scope": "local", "county": "Tazewell", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 40.5236, "lng": -89.5008, "action_type": [ "ordinance", "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Tazewell County Board approved a resolution directing the zoning department to stop accepting data center petitions while drafting a new ordinance. Zoning code amended so unlisted land uses are prohibited rather than permitted by default.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.25newsnow.com/2026/05/07/tazewell-county-board-votes-land-amendment-crafts-data-center-ordinance/", "title": "Tazewell County Board votes land amendment" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "illinois-statewide-legislative-debate-il-2026-05-01", "date": "2026-05-01", "jurisdiction": "Illinois General Assembly (POWER Act SB 4016, Sen. Rose SB 4004 Mahomet Aquifer moratorium, Pritzker tax-credit pause)", "state": "IL", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 39.7817, "lng": -89.6501, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "issue_category": [ "water", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Illinois lawmakers hearing the POWER Act (SB 4016, Rep. Ammons) and Sen. Chapin Rose's SB 4004 (permanent moratorium on Mahomet Aquifer-using data centers). Gov. Pritzker has proposed a two-year pause on data-center tax credits. May 22, 2026: SB 4016 (POWER Act) was re-referred to Senate Assignments (Rule 3-9(a)) — not advancing to a floor vote with the spring session ending May 31. Advocates accused Gov. Pritzker of 'lack of engagement.' Pritzker's announced 2-year suspension of state data center tax incentives takes effect July 1, 2026. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: Both SB 4016 (POWER Act) and SB 4004 (Mahomet Aquifer) were re-referred to Senate Assignments May 22, 2026; neither advanced. The spring session ended May 31 without the POWER Act (SB 4016) advancing; Rep. Carol Ammons said work continues over the summer with possible fall veto-session action, while Gov. Pritzker has proposed suspending the 2019 data center tax-credit program.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.stlpr.org/health-science-environment/2026-05-01/illinois-lawmakers-debate-data-center-regulations-in-response-to-growing-energy-and-water-use-concerns", "title": "Illinois lawmakers debate data center regulations" }, { "url": "https://capitolnewsillinois.com/news/advocates-accusing-governor-of-lack-of-engagement-urge-passage-of-data-center-regulations-by-end-of-may/", "title": "Advocates urge passage of IL data center regulations" }, { "url": "https://www.nrdc.org/press-releases/pritzker-announces-two-year-suspension-state-tax-incentives-new-data-center", "title": "Pritzker announces 2-year suspension of tax incentives" }, { "url": "https://www.ilga.gov/Legislation/BillStatus?DocNum=4016&GAID=18&DocTypeID=SB&SessionID=114&GA=104", "title": "IL SB 4016 status" }, { "url": "https://www.stlpr.org/government-politics-issues/2026-05-31/illinois-power-act-data-center-regulation-wont-move-forward-this-spring", "title": "Illinois POWER Act won’t move forward this spring" }, { "url": "https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/potential-regulation-on-illinois-data-centers-punted-to-the-fall/3943801/", "title": "Potential regulation on Illinois data centers punted to the fall" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-06" }, { "id": "penn-township-cass-county-mi-moratorium-2026-05-11", "date": "2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "Penn Township Board (Cass County), MI", "state": "MI", "scope": "local", "county": "Cass", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 41.9192, "lng": -86.0089, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "water", "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "mixed", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Penn Township approved a 30-day moratorium on data centers 5-1; Trustee Scott Peters cast lone dissent wanting longer. Hundreds packed the meeting. Diamond Lake Association had requested at least 2 years. Planning commission tasked with longer-term version. Porter Township in Cass County also reportedly considering similar action.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wndu.com/2026/05/12/officials-approve-30-day-moratorium-data-center-penn-township-residents-request-longer-term-option/", "title": "Penn Township 30-day moratorium approved" }, { "url": "https://wsbt.com/news/local/penn-township-michigan-board-considers-data-center-moratorium-in-cass-county", "title": "Penn Township board considers moratorium" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "lyon-township-mi-verrus-recall-2026-04-27", "date": "2026-04-27", "jurisdiction": "Lyon Township (Oakland County) trustee recall campaign over Verrus Project Flex, MI", "state": "MI", "scope": "local", "county": "Oakland", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 42.507, "lng": -83.6585, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "transparency", "community_impact" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "active", "company": "Verrus", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Grassroots group launched recall petitions against all seven Lyon Township trustees after the September 2025 approval (without public hearings) of Verrus's 'Project Flex' — 1.8M sq ft on 172 acres. Oakland County Election Commission approved petition language April 27, 2026.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-may-11-2026/", "title": "Data Centers daily notes May 11 2026 (Lyon Township recall)" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "saline-township-mi-stargate-construction-continues-2026-05-06", "date": "2026-05-06", "jurisdiction": "Saline Township (Washtenaw County) — OpenAI Stargate 'The Barn' construction-despite-rejection, MI", "state": "MI", "scope": "local", "county": "Washtenaw", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 42.1664, "lng": -83.7822, "action_type": [ "lawsuit", "other_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "farmland", "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "active", "company": "Related Digital; Oracle; OpenAI", "hyperscaler": "OpenAI", "summary": "Despite Saline Township board voting 4-1 against rezoning, Related Digital and landowners sued the township and construction is already underway on the OpenAI Stargate Michigan facility ($16B financing closed April 24). Resident Kathryn Haushalter's appeal that should trigger an automatic stay under Michigan law has not produced a zoning-board hearing; township is moving to dismiss.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://fortune.com/2026/05/06/ai-data-center-michigan-saline-politics-farmland/", "title": "Michigan farm town voted down plans; construction began weeks later" }, { "url": "https://www.cbsnews.com/detroit/news/saline-township-related-digital-data-center-financing-construction/", "title": "Saline Township Related Digital financing and construction" }, { "url": "https://www.michiganpublic.org/economy/2026-04-25/saline-township-data-center-major-construction-underway-financing-secured", "title": "Saline Township data center major construction underway" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "wisconsin-psc-alliant-meta-beaver-dam-wi-2026-05-07", "date": "2026-05-07", "jurisdiction": "Wisconsin Public Service Commission (Alliant/Meta Beaver Dam contract approval), WI", "state": "WI", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 43.4575, "lng": -88.8373, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation", "regulatory_action" ], "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy", "contract_guarantees", "transparency" ], "community_outcome": "mixed", "status": "approved", "company": "Meta (220 MW Beaver Dam data center); Alliant Energy", "hyperscaler": "Meta", "summary": "Wisconsin PSC approved a modified Alliant-Meta contract after 4-hour discussion. Modifications: Alliant covers transmission costs; safeguards added against underpayments. PSC ordered Alliant to develop a uniform formula for future >100 MW data center projects. Chair Strand criticized the 'black box' approach to transparency; Commissioner Nieto called it among the 'most consequential' PSC decisions.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/05/psc-approves-alliant-meta-data-center-power-deal-while-criticizing-black-box-approach/", "title": "PSC approves Alliant-Meta data center deal, criticizes black box approach" }, { "url": "https://www.wpr.org/news/wisconsin-regulators-approve-rates-for-metas-beaver-dam-data-center-with-sharp-criticism", "title": "Wisconsin regulators approve rates for Meta's Beaver Dam" }, { "url": "https://urbanmilwaukee.com/2026/05/08/with-sharp-criticism-regulators-approve-electric-rates-for-facebook-meta-data-center/", "title": "Regulators approve electric rates for Meta data center" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "sheboygan-wi-moratorium-referral-2026-05-04", "date": "2026-05-04", "jurisdiction": "Sheboygan Common Council, WI", "state": "WI", "scope": "local", "county": "Sheboygan", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 43.7508, "lng": -87.7145, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "filed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Sheboygan Common Council voted 7-3 to refer a proposed one-year moratorium on data centers >10,000 sq ft to the Plan Commission. No projects currently proposed. Plan Commission meeting May 12; back to Council for final say.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://whbl.com/2026/05/05/city-of-sheboygan-sends-data-center-limits-to-plan-commission/", "title": "Sheboygan sends data center limits to Plan Commission" }, { "url": "https://www.seehafernews.com/2026/05/08/sheboygan-common-council-sends-data-center-moratorium-to-plan-commission/", "title": "Sheboygan Common Council sends moratorium to Plan Commission" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "lonsdale-mn-moratorium-2026-05-05", "date": "2026-05-05", "jurisdiction": "Lonsdale City Council, MN", "state": "MN", "scope": "local", "county": "Rice", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 44.4783, "lng": -93.4243, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "ordinance" ], "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Lonsdale City Council passed a one-year moratorium (the maximum under the UDO) on data centers. Council cited water and energy uncertainty plus developers requesting NDAs from officials.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.southernminn.com/lonsdale_area_news_review/news/lonsdale-passes-1-year-moratorium-on-data-centers-we-need-to-do-this-right/article_97d6fa97-4659-4551-b2c6-a5e6e5fc47d9.html", "title": "Lonsdale passes 1-year moratorium on data centers" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "waite-park-mn-moratorium-hearing-2026-05-04", "date": "2026-05-04", "jurisdiction": "Waite Park City Council, MN", "state": "MN", "scope": "local", "county": "Stearns", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 45.5572, "lng": -94.2305, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Waite Park City Council held a public hearing on a proposed one-year moratorium on data centers in industrial districts. [Validation 2026-06-21: status -> 'passed' per https://knsiradio.com/2026/05/05/waite-park-city-council-passes-one-year-data-center-moratorium/.]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://knsiradio.com/2026/05/04/waite-park-council-to-hear-public-input-tonight-on-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Waite Park Council to hear public input on moratorium" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21" }, { "id": "camdenton-mo-moratorium-opportunity-zone-2026-05-05", "date": "2026-05-05", "jurisdiction": "Camdenton Board of Aldermen, MO", "state": "MO", "scope": "local", "county": "Camden", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 38.0089, "lng": -92.7449, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "executive_action" ], "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "tax_incentive" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Camdenton Board of Aldermen approved a 12-month moratorium and rescinded support for an opportunity zone tied to a proposed data center. Police turned away ~25 people from city hall due to fire-occupancy limits. Moratorium cites inadequacy of municipal water, wastewater, and electric capacity for high-density loads.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ky3.com/2026/05/06/camdenton-mo-residents-pack-city-hall-voice-opinions-citys-proposed-ai-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Camdenton residents pack city hall" }, { "url": "https://www.krmsradio.com/camdenton-says-no-to-opportunity-zone-support-issues-12-month-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "title": "Camdenton 12-month moratorium" }, { "url": "https://krcgtv.com/news/local/camdenton-aldermen-pass-data-center-moratorium-rescind-opportunity-zone-support", "title": "Camdenton aldermen pass moratorium, rescind opportunity zone" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "marshfield-webster-county-mo-lumon-2026-05-11", "date": "2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "Webster County / Marshfield (Lumon Solutions Tier III AI facility town hall), MO", "state": "MO", "scope": "local", "county": "Webster", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 37.3389, "lng": -92.9077, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "noise" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "hearing", "company": "Lumon Solutions", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "~800 residents packed the Marshfield High School auditorium for a county commission town hall on Lumon Solutions's 5-acre Tier III AI facility on Rifle Range Road. County hired Carnahan Evans law firm; commissioners haven't ruled out additional hearings.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ky3.com/2026/05/11/hundreds-pack-marshfield-mo-meeting-over-planned-ai-data-center/", "title": "Hundreds pack Marshfield meeting over AI data center" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "missouri-statewide-legislative-hearings-mo-2026-05-07", "date": "2026-05-07", "jurisdiction": "Missouri Legislature (data center hearings on risks/rewards and energy demand)", "state": "MO", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 38.5767, "lng": -92.1735, "action_type": [ "study_or_report", "legislation" ], "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "hearing", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Missouri lawmakers heard industry experts and consumer advocates on benefits/drawbacks of data centers, risks/rewards, and energy demand. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: The hearings led to no legislation; MO adjourned May 15, 2026 with zero AI/data center bills passed.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kfvs12.com/2026/05/07/industry-experts-consumer-advocates-inform-missouri-lawmakers-risks-rewards-data-centers/", "title": "Industry experts inform Missouri lawmakers" }, { "url": "https://www.kcur.org/environment-agriculture/2026-05-08/windfall-or-gamble-missouri-lawmakers-weigh-data-center-boom-and-energy-demands", "title": "Missouri lawmakers weigh data center boom" }, { "url": "https://www.kait8.com/2026/05/25/missouri-lawmakers-fail-pass-ai-regulations-during-2026-legislative-session/", "title": "MO lawmakers fail to pass AI regulations" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "gardner-ks-beale-withdrawal-2026-05-06", "date": "2026-05-06", "jurisdiction": "Gardner, KS", "state": "KS", "scope": "local", "county": "Johnson", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 38.8104, "lng": -94.9272, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "community_impact" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "withdrawn", "company": "Beale Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Beale Infrastructure pulled its data center proposal after Gardner city council declined tax incentives and ~200 residents from three counties opposed at the council meeting. Project had been described as potentially the largest infrastructure investment in Johnson County history.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kshb.com/news/local-news/gardner-neighbors-overcome-data-center-proposal-developer-wanted-tax-breaks-for-project", "title": "Gardner neighbors overcome data center proposal" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "douglas-county-ks-text-amendment-2026-05-06", "date": "2026-05-06", "jurisdiction": "Douglas County Commissioners (text-amendment de facto pause), KS", "state": "KS", "scope": "local", "county": "Douglas", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 38.9717, "lng": -95.2353, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "study_or_report" ], "issue_category": [ "water", "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Douglas County Commissioners heard public calls for moratorium; rural water districts indicated insufficient capacity. County directed further research on water rights and non-lithium battery alternatives — effectively a text-amendment process pause.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://lawrencekstimes.com/2026/05/06/dgcocomm-bess-work-session/", "title": "Douglas County BESS work session" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "north-dakota-statewide-governance-debate-nd-2026-05-11", "date": "2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "North Dakota (data center governance debate; Oliver County moratorium repeal May 1)", "state": "ND", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 47.5515, "lng": -101.002, "action_type": [ "study_or_report" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Coverage of North Dakota's data center governance gap — local townships and counties are sole decisionmakers; PSC has no jurisdiction. At least four western ND counties had imposed temporary moratoriums; Oliver County repealed its moratorium on May 1, 2026.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://northdakotamonitor.com/2026/05/11/data-center-dilemma-who-should-decide-where-they-go-in-north-dakota/", "title": "North Dakota data center dilemma: who decides" }, { "url": "https://www.kfyrtv.com/2026/05/01/oliver-county-commissioners-repeal-moratorium-data-centers/", "title": "Oliver County repeals data center moratorium" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "maricopa-county-az-project-baccara-2026-05-06", "date": "2026-05-06", "jurisdiction": "Maricopa County Board of Supervisors (Project Baccara military compatibility permit near Luke AFB), AZ", "state": "AZ", "scope": "local", "county": "Maricopa", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 33.4484, "lng": -112.074, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "environmental", "noise" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "approved", "company": "Takanock (Michigan-based developer)", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Maricopa County Board of Supervisors approved a military compatibility permit 4-1 (Supervisor Steve Gallardo dissenting) for Michigan-based Takanock's $10B Project Baccara — 160 acres, multiple buildings 100,000-500,000 sq ft, with a 700 MW gas plant about one mile north of Luke Air Force Base. Brig. Gen. David Berkland raised air-quality and pilot-hazard concerns; developer agreed to comply. Still requires county and federal air-quality approvals before 2027 construction start. Strong community opposition over drought-era water, pollution, noise, and safety.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.12news.com/article/news/local/valley/maricopa-county-board-approves-10b-data-center-amid-public-outcry-cites-luke-air-force-base-approval/75-39605871-4fad-4856-b439-6d6736465d19", "title": "Maricopa County approves $10B data center amid outcry" }, { "url": "https://www.kjzz.org/politics/2026-05-06/controversial-data-center-project-in-west-valley-near-luke-air-force-base-clears-regulatory-hurdle", "title": "Controversial west valley data center clears regulatory hurdle" }, { "url": "https://www.azfamily.com/2026/05/07/massive-data-center-approved-near-luke-air-force-base-despite-opposition/", "title": "Massive data center approved near Luke AFB" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "box-elder-county-ut-stratos-mida-2026-05-04", "date": "2026-06-04", "jurisdiction": "Box Elder County Commission (Stratos/MIDA partnership approval; referendum filed May 6), UT", "state": "UT", "scope": "local", "county": "Box Elder", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 41.6217, "lng": -112.5108, "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "zoning_restriction" ], "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "environmental" ], "community_outcome": "mixed", "status": "approved", "company": "Stratos Project; Utah Military Installation Development Authority (MIDA); Kevin O'Leary (backer)", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Box Elder County Commission unanimously approved the partnership with the Utah Military Installation Development Authority for the Stratos data center — 40,000-acre site with planned 9 GW gas-fired plant. Hundreds protested. Residents filed a referendum application May 6 needing >5,000 signatures to put the project to a November ballot vote. Mid-May 2026: The 'Box Elder Accountability Referendum' (BEAR) filed two referendum applications to overturn the May 4 commission approval. County Attorney has 20 days to review; if approved, BEAR gets 45 days to gather 5,422 signatures with sub-county thresholds. National coverage (CNN, WBUR). On June 1, 2026, Utah Senate President Stuart Adams sent Kevin O’Leary a letter demanding the Stratos project be cut 75% (to ~10,000 acres); O’Leary, after initially calling it “outrageous,” announced he would cut the footprint roughly in half (~20,000 acres removed). Separately, the Box Elder County attorney rejected the citizens’ referendum application; organizers plan to appeal. Scientists say the acreage compromise does little to address Great Salt Lake Basin impacts. Per June 4 project diagrams, the removal totals ~20,050 acres (19,430 near the Locomotive Springs Waterfowl Management Area + 620 near I-84), leaving one ~20,000-acre Hansel Valley parcel of which fewer than ~10,000 acres would be developed; power was revised from 9 GW to 7.5 GW (a 17% cut, far less than the ~50% acreage cut). Phase 1 is a 1 GW gas plant plus a 500 MW data center. A USU physicist who modeled up to a 12°F local nighttime temperature rise called the acreage cut \"performative\" since energy use drives the Great Salt Lake impact. In a June 4 letter to Senate President Stuart Adams, O'Leary agreed to remove 19,430 acres around Locomotive Springs (a Waterfowl Management Area) plus 620 acres elsewhere — cutting the project from ~40,000 to ~20,000 acres, with developable land held under 10,000 acres — after Adams demanded a 75% reduction and that excess water go to the Great Salt Lake. O'Leary admitted he 'screwed up' the rollout. The fight has become the dominant national data center story (CNN, NBC News, CS Monitor, High Country News, Slate, Washington Examiner). On a national-media tour, O'Leary accused opposition groups Alliance for a Better Utah and Elevate Strategies of being 'proxies for the Chinese government' and demanded a forensic audit of their funding; both flatly denied it (Elevate's Gabi Finlayson: they'd be 'the worst operatives in the entire world'; Alliance says it is funded by Utah grassroots donors). O'Leary also committed to a public transparency website and to sending excess water to the Great Salt Lake, but USU physicist Robert Davies notes the ~9 GW energy load is unchanged by the acreage cut, so the core impact remains.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.sltrib.com/news/2026/05/04/utah-data-center-final-vote-box/", "title": "Utah data center final vote Box Elder" }, { "url": "https://utahnewsdispatch.com/2026/05/04/box-elder-commissioners-approve-data-center/", "title": "Box Elder commissioners approve data center" }, { "url": "https://www.sltrib.com/news/politics/2026/05/06/utah-voters-file-referendum/", "title": "Utah voters file referendum" }, { "url": "https://www.cnn.com/2026/05/09/tech/ai-data-center-utah-kevin-oleary-opposition", "title": "AI data center Utah Kevin O'Leary opposition" }, { "url": "https://utahnewsdispatch.com/2026/05/14/box-elder-county-group-wants-referendum-on-proposed-data-center/", "title": "Box Elder group wants referendum on data center" }, { "url": "https://www.csmonitor.com/Environment/2026/0605/utah-stratos-data-center-kevin-oleary", "title": "Utah Stratos data center: Kevin O’Leary" }, { "url": "https://www.ksl.com/article/51505220/utah-senate-president-calls-for-drastic-reduction-to-box-elder-county-data-center", "title": "Utah Senate President calls for drastic reduction to Box Elder data center" }, { "url": "https://www.kuer.org/business-economy/2026-06-04/kevin-oleary-shrinks-project-stratos-box-elder-data-center-20000-acres", "title": "O'Leary shrinks Project Stratos to 20,000 acres" }, { "url": "https://www.sltrib.com/news/2026/06/04/box-elder-county-data-center/", "title": "Box Elder County data center cut in half" }, { "url": "https://www.fox13now.com/news/local-news/box-elder-county/utah-data-center-investor-kevin-oleary-accuses-opposition-groups-of-being-funded-by-china", "title": "O'Leary accuses opposition groups of being funded by China" }, { "url": "https://thehill.com/policy/technology/5910463-kevin-oleary-utah-data-center/", "title": "The Hill: Kevin O’Leary Utah data center" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-08" }, { "id": "san-angelo-tx-data-center-zoning-2026-05-05", "date": "2026-06-22", "jurisdiction": "San Angelo City Council, TX", "state": "TX", "scope": "local", "county": "Tom Green", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 31.4638, "lng": -100.437, "action_type": [ "ordinance", "zoning_restriction" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "noise" ], "community_outcome": "mixed", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "San Angelo City Council voted 7-0 to advance new land-use regulations requiring data centers in light/heavy manufacturing zones to obtain a conditional use permit (rather than being by-right). Includes 200-ft residential setback; noise limit tightened from 60 dB to 55 dB at property line. Second reading set for May 19. RESOLVED May 19, 2026: Second reading adopted the data center land-use regulations 6-0 (conditional-use permit in light/heavy manufacturing, 300-ft setback, 55 dBA noise limit). Council also passed first readings of new water-use and wastewater-discharge rules 6-0; second hearings June 2. [Update 2026-06-22: UPDATE/resolution of an in-window item. The San Angelo Data Center Citizen Coalition's recall petition against Mayor Tom Thompson — over transparency in negotiations to sell city land to Emergent/Skybox for a 1.2-gigawatt data center complex — FAILED. By the June 22 deadline, coalition lead Richard Summers submitted fewer than 1,900 signatures (~600...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://sanangelolive.com/news/san-angelo/2026-05-05/city-council-advances-data-center-regulations-2nd-hearing-set", "title": "San Angelo advances data center regulations" }, { "url": "https://www.conchovalleyhomepage.com/news/local-news/concho-valley-data-centers/data-center-land-use-regulations-officially-adopted-by-city-council/", "title": "San Angelo data center land-use regulations adopted" }, { "url": "https://sanangelolive.com/news/politics/2026-06-22/recall-san-angelos-mayor-fails", "title": "Recall of San Angelo's Mayor Fails - San Angelo LIVE" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-22" }, { "id": "sulphur-springs-tx-msb-global-lawsuit-defense-2026-05-06", "date": "2026-05-06", "jurisdiction": "Sulphur Springs City Council (MSB Global lawsuit defense budget), TX", "state": "TX", "scope": "local", "county": "Hopkins", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 33.1384, "lng": -95.6011, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "contract_guarantees" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "active", "company": "MSB Global (Matrix Data Center Campus); Vistra Corp / Luminant Mining (plaintiffs)", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Sulphur Springs City Council amended its budget to set aside $1.2M in legal fees to defend two lawsuits over the planned 30-data-center AI campus. Vistra/Luminant Mining allege breach of a deed restriction barring energy production/storage; a resident sued over disclosure. Trial set September 2026. City manager Marc Maxwell abruptly left the meeting.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kltv.com/2026/05/06/residents-protest-sulphur-springs-allots-12-million-cost-data-center-lawsuits/", "title": "Sulphur Springs allots $1.2M for data center lawsuits" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "tucson-az-project-blue-water-cutoff-2026-05-04", "date": "2026-05-04", "jurisdiction": "City of Tucson (water meter revocation for Project Blue contractor), AZ", "state": "AZ", "scope": "local", "county": "Pima", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 32.2226, "lng": -110.9747, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "infrastructure_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "water", "transparency" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "enforced", "company": "Beale Infrastructure; Ames Construction (contractor)", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Tucson City Manager Tim Thomure revoked the temporary water meter issued to Ames Construction, which had been using Tucson Water to support dust-control for Project Blue without disclosing the project. City demands Beale replace the 2 acre-feet of water used. Beale said it will procure non-potable water elsewhere.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kjzz.org/fronteras-desk/2026-05-08/tucson-cuts-off-water-to-project-blue-data-center-construction-contractor", "title": "Tucson cuts off water to Project Blue contractor" }, { "url": "https://www.tucsonsentinel.com/local/report/050526_project_blue_water/city-says-project-blue-must-stop-using-tucson-water-data-center-construction/", "title": "Tucson says Project Blue must stop using city water" }, { "url": "https://news.azpm.org/p/azpmnews/2026/5/6/229644-project-blue-developers-improperly-used-tucson-water-city-has-shut-it-off/", "title": "Project Blue developers improperly used Tucson water" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "grimes-county-tx-spacex-terafab-2026-05-06", "date": "2026-05-06", "jurisdiction": "Grimes County Commissioners (SpaceX Terafab tax abatement public notice), TX", "state": "TX", "scope": "local", "county": "Grimes", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 30.5435, "lng": -95.9883, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "water", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "approved", "company": "SpaceX (Terafab semiconductor + computing facility)", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Grimes County commissioners took no action on a proposed tax abatement for what could be a $55B initial / up to $119B total SpaceX 'Terafab' vertically integrated semiconductor manufacturing and advanced computing fabrication facility at Gibbons Creek Reservoir. Public hearing set June 3, 2026. [Validation 2026-06-21: status -> 'approved' per https://www.kbtx.com/2026/06/04/grimes-county-clears-way-spacexs-terafab-one-largest-industrial-projects-us-history/.]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kbtx.com/2026/05/07/grimes-county-takes-no-action-spacex-tax-abatement-proposed-119-billion-project/", "title": "Grimes County takes no action on SpaceX tax abatement" }, { "url": "https://www.kbtx.com/2026/05/06/grimes-county-residents-seeking-more-answers-about-possible-spacex-facility/", "title": "Grimes County residents seeking more answers" }, { "url": "https://techcrunch.com/2026/05/06/spacex-may-spend-up-to-119-billion-on-terafab-chip-factory-in-texas/", "title": "SpaceX may spend up to $119B on Terafab" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21" }, { "id": "colorado-legislature-data-center-bills-dead-co-2026-05-11", "date": "2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "Colorado General Assembly (HB26-1030 + SB26-102 both died in committee)", "state": "CO", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 39.7392, "lng": -104.9903, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "ratepayer" ], "community_outcome": "mixed", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Both HB26-1030 (industry-backed Data Center & Utility Modernization) and SB26-102 (consumer/environmental-backed Large-Load Data Centers) died in committee in the final days of the 2026 session despite ~196 lobbyists registered. Colorado ends session with no new data center regulation and no new incentives.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://coloradonewsline.com/2026/05/11/data-center-bills-rejected-legislative-session/", "title": "Colorado data center bills rejected" }, { "url": "https://www.cpr.org/2026/05/07/data-center-incentives-colorado-die-in-legislature/", "title": "Data center incentives die in Colorado legislature" }, { "url": "https://coloradosun.com/2026/05/07/bill-to-attract-data-centers-to-colorado-with-tax-incentives-fails/", "title": "Bill to attract data centers to Colorado fails" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "oklahoma-hb-2992-ratepayer-protection-ok-2026-05-05", "date": "2026-05-05", "jurisdiction": "Oklahoma Legislature (HB 2992 Data Center Consumer Ratepayer Protection Act)", "state": "OK", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 35.4676, "lng": -97.5164, "action_type": [ "legislation", "utility_regulation" ], "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "transparency", "contract_guarantees" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Oklahoma Legislature passed HB 2992 (Rep. Brad Boles) unanimously in both chambers. Bill defines 'large load customers' as new facilities adding 75+ MW; protects residential and small business ratepayers from cost-shifting; adds 60-day notice requirement to adjoining landowners, county commissioners, and Oklahoma Corporation Commission upon land acquisition. Heads to governor. SIGNED May 11, 2026: Gov. Stitt signed the Data Center Consumer Ratepayer Protection Act into law (effective July 1). Requires large-load customers (>=75 MW) to sign long-term agreements covering their infrastructure costs; $1,500/day fine for failing to notify nearby landowners within 60 days of land acquisition.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.publicradiotulsa.org/local-regional/2026-05-05/oklahoma-lawmakers-to-make-final-changes-to-data-center-customer-protection-bill", "title": "Oklahoma lawmakers finalize data center protection bill" }, { "url": "https://www.okhouse.gov/posts/News-20260506_2", "title": "Oklahoma House news on HB 2992" }, { "url": "https://oksenate.gov/press-releases/senate-passes-data-center-ratepayer-protection-act-added-transparency-requirements", "title": "Oklahoma Senate passes ratepayer protection act" }, { "url": "https://oklahomavoice.com/briefs/ratepayer-protections-signed-into-law-by-oklahoma-governor/", "title": "Oklahoma ratepayer protections signed into law" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-25" }, { "id": "boulder-city-nv-ballot-initiative-data-center-2026-05-06", "date": "2026-05-06", "jurisdiction": "Boulder City, NV (Townsite Solar 2 Data Center — second town hall + ballot initiative)", "state": "NV", "scope": "local", "county": "Clark", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 35.9786, "lng": -114.8316, "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "public_comment" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "active", "company": "Townsite Solar 2 Data Center", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Boulder City held a second developer town hall amid continued opposition to the Townsite Solar 2 Data Center. ~350 yard signs, Change.org petition with 6,200+ signatures, and a citizens initiative ballot question submitted seeking voter approval for any data center within Boulder City limits (needs 1,700 signatures for November ballot). May 20, 2026: Planning Commission voted 6-1 (Morris dissenting) to recommend the City Council REJECT the Townsite Solar 2 data center after a 3+ hour meeting; the project will not advance in its current form. Separately, the citizens' initiative requiring voter approval for future data centers QUALIFIED for the November ballot.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.fox5vegas.com/2026/05/06/developers-proposed-data-center-hold-second-community-meeting-opposition-continues/", "title": "Developers hold second community meeting" }, { "url": "https://www.reviewjournal.com/news/environment/data-centers-will-be-on-the-ballot-in-this-southern-nevada-city-3727498/", "title": "Data centers will be on the ballot in Boulder City" }, { "url": "https://www.reviewjournal.com/news/environment/this-town-is-not-ready-boulder-city-planners-vote-against-data-center-3827400/", "title": "Boulder City planners vote against data center" }, { "url": "https://www.fox5vegas.com/2026/05/21/boulder-city-commission-vote-denies-data-center-application-after-public-pushback/", "title": "Boulder City commission recommends denial" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21" }, { "id": "hillsboro-or-emergency-session-data-center-tax-2026-05-11", "date": "2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "Hillsboro City Council (Councilor Sinclair emergency session on Enterprise Zone tax breaks), OR", "state": "OR", "scope": "local", "county": "Washington", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 45.5229, "lng": -122.9898, "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "regulatory_action" ], "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "transparency" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "filed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Hillsboro Councilor Kipperlyn Sinclair called for an emergency session over a surge of ~17-20 new Enterprise Zone data-center tax-break applications in three months ahead of statewide HB 4084 moratorium deadline. Goal: redirect tax-break approval authority from city staff to council. Concern: 'chaining' of exemptions could lock in property tax breaks into the 2050s. Work session on data centers separately scheduled June 2. Mid-May 2026: Mayor Beach Pace and the City Manager halted acceptance of new data-center Enterprise Zone tax-break applications after a surge of 17 applications ahead of Oregon's HB 4084 statewide moratorium taking effect June 6. Full council policy discussion (including a possible local pause) at a June 2 work session.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kptv.com/2026/05/11/hillsboro-councilor-calls-emergency-session-data-center-tax-breaks/", "title": "Hillsboro councilor calls emergency session on tax breaks" }, { "url": "https://hillsboronewstimes.com/2026/05/08/hillsboro-data-center-tax-incentives-spark-scrutiny-before-statewide-moratorium/", "title": "Hillsboro data center tax incentives spark scrutiny" }, { "url": "https://hoodline.com/2026/05/hillsboro-data-center-tax-rush-sparks-city-hall-showdown/", "title": "Hillsboro data center tax rush sparks city hall showdown" }, { "url": "https://katu.com/news/local/after-surge-in-requests-hillsboro-halts-new-data-center-tax-break-applications", "title": "Hillsboro halts new data center tax-break applications" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-25" }, { "id": "cheyenne-laramie-county-wy-moratorium-petition-2026-05-04", "date": "2026-05-04", "jurisdiction": "Laramie County / Cheyenne (grassroots moratorium petition over up to 70 facilities including Microsoft 3,200-acre expansion), WY", "state": "WY", "scope": "local", "county": "Laramie", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 41.14, "lng": -104.8202, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "mixed", "status": "active", "company": "Microsoft (3,200-acre expansion)", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "summary": "Grassroots petition launched to pause new data center development in Laramie County amid up to 70 facilities in various stages, including Microsoft's planned 3,200-acre expansion. Targeting 7,000 signatures. State Sen. Cale Case affirmed cities have zoning authority to impose moratoriums. May 19, 2026: After a 4-hour Public Services Committee meeting, Councilman Mark Moody's proposed 12-month moratorium failed to secure a committee recommendation; it advances to full City Council without a recommendation (dies if it fails to get a second). Laramie County has up to 70 data center projects in discussion (40-43 verified). Microsoft and Meta named among Cheyenne operators.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://cowboystatedaily.com/2026/05/04/with-up-to-70-cheyenne-area-data-centers-in-the-works-petition-calls-for-pause/", "title": "Petition calls for pause on Cheyenne data centers" }, { "url": "https://cowboystatedaily.com/2026/05/11/cheyenne-data-center-surge-prompts-push-for-12-month-moratorium/", "title": "Cheyenne data center surge prompts push for moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.wyomingnews.com/news/local_news/some-cheyenne-residents-push-for-moratorium-on-data-center-projects/article_9ec28735-7ab9-4cd6-9770-2da09f73d8ec.html", "title": "Cheyenne residents push for moratorium" }, { "url": "https://capcity.news/community/city/2026/05/18/after-hours-of-public-input-data-center-moratorium-fails-to-get-cheyenne-committee-recommendation/", "title": "Cheyenne moratorium fails to get committee recommendation" }, { "url": "https://cowboystatedaily.com/2026/05/19/cheyenne-city-committee-wont-support-or-reject-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Cheyenne committee won't support or reject moratorium" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-25" }, { "id": "wyoming-select-water-committee-data-center-hearing-wy-2026-05-08", "date": "2026-05-08", "jurisdiction": "Wyoming Legislature Select Water Committee (data-center water testimony from Microsoft, Prometheus Hyperscale)", "state": "WY", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 42.7559, "lng": -107.3025, "action_type": [ "study_or_report", "public_comment" ], "issue_category": [ "water" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "hearing", "company": "Microsoft (Jonathan Noble testified); Prometheus Hyperscale", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "summary": "Wyoming Select Water Committee heard ~2 hours of testimony from residents, officials, and industry on data center water needs. Microsoft pitched direct-to-chip closed-loop cooling for Cheyenne facilities; Prometheus Hyperscale pitched the same for its Natrona-Converse county campus. Rep. Gary Brown cautioned that out-of-state operations have strained water systems.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://oilcity.news/government/state/2026/05/08/microsoft-prometheus-hyperscale-pitch-water-saving-tech-to-wyoming-committee/", "title": "Microsoft, Prometheus Hyperscale pitch water-saving tech" }, { "url": "https://www.wyomingpublicmedia.org/politics-government/2026-05-11/lawmakers-talk-data-centers-as-developers-look-to-expand-in-wyoming", "title": "Wyoming lawmakers talk data centers" }, { "url": "https://cowboystatedaily.com/2026/05/08/as-data-centers-boom-wyomingites-want-to-know-where-the-waters-coming-from/", "title": "As data centers boom, Wyomingites want to know where water comes from" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "texas-statewide-republican-shift-cook-county-authority-tx-2026-05-07", "date": "2026-05-07", "jurisdiction": "Texas (Republican shift on data center regulation — Rep. David Cook commits 2027 county-authority legislation)", "state": "TX", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 31.9686, "lng": -99.9018, "action_type": [ "study_or_report", "legislation" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "active", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Texas Tribune analysis found 82 data centers (~60% of planned/under construction) sit in Trump-voting Texas House districts. Republican lawmakers signaling shift toward allowing county-level regulation and water/rate protections. Rep. David Cook committed to filing 2027 legislation giving counties 'reasonable authority' to regulate data centers. Falls County GOP precinct member Rena Schroeder switched to independent over party rejection of moratorium proposal. CORRECTION 2026-05-26: The legislator who committed to filing 2027 county-authority legislation is Rep. Cody Vasut (R-Angleton), NOT Rep. David Cook; Vasut filed a similar county-regulation bill last session. The 82-data-centers-in-Trump-districts figure and the Falls County GOP / Rena Schroeder details are confirmed.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/05/07/texas-republicans-data-centers-rural/", "title": "Texas Republicans on data centers in rural districts" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "project-jupiter-nm-bloom-energy-pivot-2026-04-27", "date": "2026-06-17", "jurisdiction": "Doña Ana County, NM (Project Jupiter Bloom Energy fuel-cell microgrid announcement)", "state": "NM", "scope": "local", "county": "Doña Ana", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 32.0395, "lng": -106.6311, "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "study_or_report" ], "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "environmental" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "announced", "company": "Oracle; OpenAI; BorderPlex Digital Assets; Bloom Energy", "hyperscaler": "OpenAI", "summary": "Oracle and BorderPlex Digital Assets announced plans to use a Bloom Energy fuel-cell microgrid instead of combustion-based power for the Project Jupiter / Stargate New Mexico data center in Doña Ana County. Construction has started in Santa Teresa, but the project is still awaiting two NMED air-quality permits. Mid-May 2026: NMED pushed its air-permit decision to July (developers expected to file a new application with NMED's Air Quality Bureau). At FERC, Transwestern and Oracle urged an extension of the 30-day cure deadline ('time is of the essence,' targeting August construction) after FERC staff protested the application as incomplete. No FERC ruling yet. June 2026: the NM Environment Department extended the public-comment period on Project Jupiter's air-quality permit (its on-site gas power source) to July 6 (after 7,000+ comments and a scheduled formal hearing pushing a decision to ~July 21). A planned community town hall was quietly converted into a job fair, drawing frustration, and reporting surfaced that a firm recruited influencers to promote the project.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://sourcenm.com/2026/04/27/nm-project-jupiter-data-center-developers-announce-new-plans-for-generating-power/", "title": "Project Jupiter developers announce Bloom Energy plans" }, { "url": "https://elpasomatters.org/2026/05/06/el-paso-texas-new-mexico-data-center-project-jupiter-meta-fort-bliss-water-power/", "title": "El Paso / NM Project Jupiter coverage" }, { "url": "https://www.krqe.com/news/new-mexico/massive-data-center-project-in-dona-ana-county-facing-one-hurdle/", "title": "Project Jupiter Doña Ana County facing hurdle" }, { "url": "https://sourcenm.com/briefs/new-mexico-environmental-groups-seek-federal-regulators-to-deny-pipeline-for-project-jupiter/", "title": "NM groups seek FERC denial of Project Jupiter pipeline" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-17" }, { "id": "stargate-abilene-tx-oracle-openai-drop-expansion-2026-05-08", "date": "2026-05-08", "jurisdiction": "Abilene, TX (Oracle/OpenAI drop flagship Stargate Abilene expansion; Meta in talks for Crusoe capacity)", "state": "TX", "scope": "local", "county": "Taylor", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 32.4487, "lng": -99.7331, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal", "other_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "mixed", "status": "changed", "company": "Oracle; OpenAI; Crusoe; Meta (potential successor); NVIDIA", "hyperscaler": "OpenAI", "summary": "DCD reported that Oracle/OpenAI dropped plans to expand the flagship Abilene Stargate site further. Meta is in talks (with NVIDIA's help) to pick up Crusoe capacity. Additional capacity is being redirected to Wisconsin (Vantage Lighthouse) instead — a major business shift for the frontier site. Mid-May 2026: A multi-day winter-weather cooling outage reportedly strained the OpenAI-Crusoe relationship; Nvidia paid a ~$150M deposit to secure the site and is brokering a Crusoe->Meta lease, but no Meta/Crusoe deal is signed yet. The broader ~4.5 GW Stargate Abilene buildout remains on track.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/oracleopenai-drop-plans-to-expand-flagship-abilene-stargate-site-meta-in-talks-to-pick-up-crusoe-capacity-with-nvidias-help/", "title": "Oracle/OpenAI drop Abilene expansion; Meta in talks for Crusoe capacity" }, { "url": "https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/oracle-and-openai-scrap-planned-600mw-abilene-expansion", "title": "Oracle and OpenAI scrap 600MW Abilene expansion" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-25" }, { "id": "qts-pw-digital-gateway-va-supreme-court-appeal-va-2026-05-04", "date": "2026-06-15", "jurisdiction": "Virginia Supreme Court (QTS petition on PW Digital Gateway after VA Court of Appeals voided rezoning)", "state": "VA", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 37.4316, "lng": -78.6569, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "environmental" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "pending", "company": "QTS (Blackstone)", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "QTS petitioned the Virginia Supreme Court to overturn the Court of Appeals ruling (March 31, 2026) that voided rezoning approvals for the 2,139-acre, 22M sq ft PW Digital Gateway near Manassas Battlefield. Compass Datacenters dropped out April 28; Prince William County dropped its defense earlier. A three-justice writ panel will decide whether to hear the case. Opposition response deadline May 21. May 21, 2026: Opposition filing deadline passed. A three-justice writ panel is scheduled for late May/early June in Richmond (20-min QTS-only argument); whether the full Supreme Court grants review is discretionary with no set timeline. No decision in window. A three-justice writ panel of the Virginia Supreme Court was set to hear short arguments on whether to take the appeal; no ruling yet. The ~2,100-acre project — billed as one of the world's largest data center campuses and abutting Manassas National Battlefield — remains halted under the March 31 Court of Appeals stay, drawing Washington Post coverage as a marquee test case for the nation's data center capital. [Update 2026-06-22: Procedural update on the PW Digital Gateway appeal: a three-justice Virginia Supreme Court 'writ panel' heard a roughly 20-minute session in late May/early June 2026 in Richmond on QTS's discretionary petition to appeal the March 31, 2026 Court of Appeals ruling that voided the Digital Gateway rezoning over defective public notice. Plaintiffs' attorneys...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2026/may/4/developer-asks-virginia-supreme-court-overturn-ruling-blocking-data/", "title": "Developer asks VA Supreme Court to overturn ruling on Digital Gateway" }, { "url": "https://wtop.com/prince-william-county/2026/05/whats-next-for-the-digital-gateway-data-center-appeal-to-the-virginia-supreme-court/", "title": "What's next for the Digital Gateway appeal" }, { "url": "https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2026/05/01/data-center-virginia-lawsuit-manassas/", "title": "Data center Virginia lawsuit Manassas" }, { "url": "https://www.insidenova.com/news/prince_william/whats-next-for-the-digital-gateway-data-center-appeal-to-the-virginia-supreme-court/article_a9ad02e8-c96b-402c-a20a-fed51df882e2.html", "title": "What's next for the Digital Gateway data center appeal to the Virginia Supreme Court? — InsideNoVa" }, { "url": "https://www.potomaclocal.com/2026/06/05/pageland-lane-suit-against-qts-developer-paused/", "title": "Pageland Lane Suit Against QTS Developer Paused — Potomac Local" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-22" }, { "id": "campbell-county-va-by-right-elimination-2026-05-05", "date": "2026-05-05", "jurisdiction": "Campbell County Board of Supervisors, VA", "state": "VA", "scope": "local", "county": "Campbell", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 37.2179, "lng": -79.0967, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Campbell County Board of Supervisors voted unanimously to require special use permits for all data centers, ending by-right development. Motion by Supervisor Matt Cline (Concord). Two existing pipeline projects grandfathered.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://wset.com/news/local/campbell-county-requires-special-use-permits-for-data-centers-after-unanimous-board-vote-may-2026", "title": "Campbell County requires special use permits for data centers" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "franklin-county-va-zoning-rewrite-draft-2026-05-06", "date": "2026-05-06", "jurisdiction": "Franklin County Board of Supervisors / Planning (zoning rewrite draft with data-center provisions), VA", "state": "VA", "scope": "local", "county": "Franklin", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 36.9954, "lng": -79.8853, "action_type": [ "ordinance", "public_comment" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "noise" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "drafted", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Franklin County reviewing a 400-page zoning rewrite that would restrict data centers to specific zones, ban private well use for cooling, and limit cooling noise. Franklin County Community Coalition raising concerns the county is also opening the door to data centers. Joint session May 13; vote expected summer 2026. May 13, 2026: After a joint Board of Supervisors + Planning Commission work session, county leaders decided to HOLD OFF on updating the zoning ordinance pending more research and public feedback. Proposed rules would bar data centers from private wells, cap cooling noise, and confine them to areas near existing substations/transmission.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wdbj7.com/2026/05/06/proposed-zoning-rewrite-sparks-data-center-questions-franklin-county/", "title": "Franklin County zoning rewrite sparks data center questions" }, { "url": "https://www.wsls.com/news/local/2026/05/10/franklin-county-zoning-debate-raises-questions-about-data-centers/", "title": "Franklin County zoning debate raises data center questions" }, { "url": "https://wset.com/news/local/franklin-county-leaders-halt-new-zoning-ordinance-proposal-amid-community-backlashfeedback-livestock-chickens-beekeeping-data-centers-land-property-14-may-2026", "title": "Franklin County leaders halt new zoning ordinance proposal" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-25" }, { "id": "durham-nc-60-day-moratorium-2026-05-04", "date": "2026-05-04", "jurisdiction": "Durham City Council (60-day moratorium on hyperscale data centers, cites Microsoft Woodsdale Township), NC", "state": "NC", "scope": "local", "county": "Durham", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 35.994, "lng": -78.8986, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": "Microsoft (1,385-acre Woodsdale Township proposal cited)", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "summary": "Durham City Council passed a 60-day moratorium on hyperscale data centers. Council Member Nate Baker: 'Durham is the first, not the only, of North Carolina's major communities to do this.' He pushed for at least a 24-month moratorium ultimately. Microsoft's 1,385-acre Woodsdale Township proposal cited as proximate concern.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wral.com/news/local/durham-city-council-data-center-meeting-may-2026/", "title": "Durham City Council data center meeting May 2026" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "northampton-county-nc-32-month-moratorium-2026-05-04", "date": "2026-05-04", "jurisdiction": "Northampton County Commissioners, NC", "state": "NC", "scope": "local", "county": "Northampton", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 36.4143, "lng": -77.4039, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Northampton County Commissioners unanimously approved a 32-month moratorium on data centers after a ~300-signature petition pressed for a longer pause than the originally planned 12 months. SELC attorney involved in advising the community.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.northcarolinahealthnews.org/2026/05/08/northampton-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Northampton 32-month data center moratorium" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "chatham-county-nc-eco-tip-west-lawsuit-2026-05-08", "date": "2026-05-08", "jurisdiction": "NC Superior Court (ECO TIP West LLC v. Chatham County re: 12-month moratorium)", "state": "NC", "scope": "local", "county": "Chatham", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 35.706, "lng": -79.2545, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "filed", "company": "ECO TIP West LLC (Kirk Bradley) — Triangle Innovation West", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "ECO TIP West LLC filed suit in NC Superior Court challenging Chatham County's Feb 11, 2026 12-month data-center moratorium, asserting 'vested rights' in the proposed 750-MW Triangle Innovation West project on land rezoned heavy industrial in 2018. Claims $11M invested.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://nsjonline.com/article/2026/05/chatham-county-faces-lawsuit-over-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Chatham County faces lawsuit over moratorium" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "north-carolina-hb-7971-ratepayer-resource-protection-nc-2026-05-08", "date": "2026-05-08", "jurisdiction": "NC General Assembly (HB 7971 Ratepayer and Resource Protection Act, Rep. Prather D-Buncombe)", "state": "NC", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 35.7596, "lng": -79.0193, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy", "water", "tax_incentive" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "filed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Rep. Lindsey Prather (D-Buncombe) filed HB 7971 requiring data centers to pay cost-based electric rates, cover infrastructure expansion costs, generate 25% on-site clean energy, bars local tax incentives, and sets water-use efficiency standards. Early-stage; uncertain in GOP-controlled legislature.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://ncnewsline.com/2026/05/08/nc-bills-target-data-center-boom-seeking-tax-changes-consumer-protections/", "title": "NC bills target data center boom" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "colleton-county-sc-moratorium-first-reading-2026-05-04", "date": "2026-05-04", "jurisdiction": "Colleton County Council (first-reading 6-month moratorium on 850-acre Eagle Rock proposal in ACE Basin), SC", "state": "SC", "scope": "local", "county": "Colleton", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 32.8388, "lng": -80.6669, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water", "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "first_reading", "company": "Eagle Rock Partners; Thomas & Hutton (developer); Weyerhaeuser (landowner)", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Colleton County Council unanimously passed first reading of a 6-month (extendable) moratorium over an 850-acre proposed data-center facility on Cooks Hill Road south of Walterboro in the ACE Basin (9 industrial buildings on wetland-adjacent property).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.aol.com/articles/south-carolina-county-passes-first-090447896.html", "title": "South Carolina county passes first reading moratorium" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "bulloch-county-ga-moratorium-extension-ban-draft-2026-05-05", "date": "2026-05-05", "jurisdiction": "Bulloch County Commissioners (5-0 moratorium extension through Dec 31; 5-0 to draft permanent prohibition), GA", "state": "GA", "scope": "local", "county": "Bulloch", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 32.4001, "lng": -81.7401, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "ordinance" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Bulloch County Commissioners voted 5-0 to extend their moratorium through Dec 31, 2026 and 5-0 to direct staff to draft a permanent prohibition on data centers in unincorporated areas. No application pending. An initial draft ban ordinance was posted publicly; the permanent ban requires a public hearing before adoption (~2-month process). No final ban vote yet.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.statesboroherald.com/local/commissioners-extend-both-moratoriums-step-toward-outright-ban-on-data-centers/", "title": "Bulloch commissioners extend moratoriums, step toward ban" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-25" }, { "id": "georgia-psc-fuel-cost-recovery-data-center-allocation-ga-2026-05-05", "date": "2026-05-05", "jurisdiction": "Georgia Public Service Commission (Docket 56765 / FCR-27 fuel-cost hearings; data-center cost allocation pressed)", "state": "GA", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 33.749, "lng": -84.388, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation", "regulatory_action" ], "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "mixed", "status": "decided", "company": "Georgia Power", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Two days of Georgia PSC hearings on Georgia Power's 27th fuel-cost recovery; commissioners and SELC pressed whether large-load data centers are paying a fair share. SELC lawyer Jennifer Whitfield: 'Georgia Power is required to design rates for new data centers to ensure they're not shifting costs to everyone else.' [Validation 2026-06-21: status -> 'decided' per https://www.gpb.org/news/2026/05/29/georgia-psc-backs-disputed-georgia-power-fuel-deal-amid-data-center-cost-concerns.] [Validation 2026-06-21: outcome -> 'mixed' per https://www.gpb.org/news/2026/05/29/georgia-psc-backs-disputed-georgia-power-fuel-deal-amid-data-center-cost-concerns.]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://dailyenergyinsider.com/hearing-summaries/52188-georgia-power-seeks-monthly-fuel-rate-decrease-as-commissioners-press-on-data-center-cost-allocation-hedging-losses/", "title": "GA PSC fuel-rate hearing presses on data center cost allocation" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21" }, { "id": "qts-fayetteville-fairwater-atlanta-29m-gallons-ga-2026-05-12", "date": "2026-05-12", "jurisdiction": "Fayette County, GA — QTS Fayetteville (Microsoft Fairwater Atlanta campus) 29M-gallon unmetered water disclosure", "state": "GA", "scope": "local", "county": "Fayette", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 33.4487, "lng": -84.4549, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "other_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "water", "transparency" ], "community_outcome": "mixed", "status": "enforced", "company": "QTS (Quality Technology Services)", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "summary": "Two unmetered water hookups at QTS's Fayette County campus (Microsoft Fairwater Atlanta) drew ~29M gallons over ~15 months, including a drought period when residents were asked to conserve. County back-billed $147,474 but imposed no fine. Water director Vanessa Tigert: 'They're our largest customer and we have to be partners.'", "sources": [ { "url": "https://winbuzzer.com/2026/05/12/georgia-data-center-secretly-used-29m-gallons-of-water-xcxwbn/", "title": "Georgia data center secretly used 29M gallons of water" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "florida-sb-484-desantis-signs-fl-2026-05-07", "date": "2026-05-07", "jurisdiction": "Governor of Florida (signed SB 484 hyperscale data center law at Florida Polytechnic University)", "state": "FL", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 30.4383, "lng": -84.2807, "action_type": [ "legislation", "executive_action" ], "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "water", "zoning", "transparency" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "signed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Gov. DeSantis signed SB 484 (effective July 1, 2026) at Florida Polytechnic University in Lakeland. Law prohibits utilities from passing hyperscale data-center costs to residential/small-business ratepayers; reinforces local government authority over siting; protects water; bars service to data centers controlled by 'foreign countries of concern.' Allows 12-month NDAs shielding proposals from public view — weaker than the original bill.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://floridaphoenix.com/2026/05/07/florida-has-a-new-law-regulating-ai-data-centers/", "title": "Florida has a new law regulating AI data centers" }, { "url": "https://www.wusf.org/politics-issues/2026-05-07/desantis-signs-bill-adding-regulations-for-hyper-scale-ai-data-centers", "title": "DeSantis signs bill adding regulations for hyper-scale AI data centers" }, { "url": "https://www.theinvadingsea.com/2026/05/08/florida-has-a-new-law-regulating-ai-data-centers/", "title": "Florida has new law regulating AI data centers" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "palm-beach-county-fl-project-tango-dueling-apps-2026-05-07", "date": "2026-05-07", "jurisdiction": "Palm Beach County (Project Tango — TPA Group filed competing 1.15M sq ft site plan vs PBA Holdings 142-acre proposal), FL", "state": "FL", "scope": "local", "county": "Palm Beach", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 26.7153, "lng": -80.0534, "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "public_comment" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "transparency" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "hearing", "company": "PBA Holdings (142-acre proposal); TPA Group / WPB Logistics Owner LLC (60-acre competing site)", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "TPA Group filed a competing 1.15M sq ft data-center site plan on April 27, potentially bypassing public hearing, while PBA Holdings had a separate 1M sq ft plan. Combined 1.35M sq ft. ~8,000-signature opposition petition. July 15 county commission hearing scheduled.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://stetnews.org/2026/05/07/project-tango-dueling-applications-throw-data-center-project-into-disarray/", "title": "Project Tango dueling applications throw project into disarray" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "knox-county-tn-draft-data-center-ordinance-2026-05-08", "date": "2026-06-22", "jurisdiction": "Knox County, TN (draft data-center regulation ordinance — 65-ft height cap, 300-ft setbacks, closed-loop energy mandate)", "state": "TN", "scope": "local", "county": "Knox", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 35.9606, "lng": -83.9207, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "ordinance" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "noise", "design_standards", "grid_energy", "water" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Knox County drafted regulation ordinance capping height at 65 ft, 300-ft residential setbacks, noise limits (67/57 dBA), prohibiting connection to public electric/water, requires closed-loop energy (solar/wind/nuclear), and mandates 'art deco, neoclassical or Greek revival' architecture. Commission discussion this month; vote pending. On June 16, 2026 Knox County Commissioner Andy Fox introduced a resolution for a moratorium barring county permits, zoning approvals, utility extensions, and development agreements for data centers (incl. AI and crypto-mining) through June 30, 2027; the Commission is set to discuss and vote June 22, 2026. [Update 2026-06-22: Knox County (TN) Commissioner Andy Fox, co-sponsored by Commissioner Angela Russell, introduced (June 16, 2026) a resolution for a data center moratorium scheduled for discussion and vote at the June 22, 2026 commission meeting. During the moratorium, no county permits, zoning approvals, utility extensions, building permits, or development agreements...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wvlt.tv/2026/05/08/knox-county-consider-limits-data-centers-noise-looks-utilities/", "title": "Knox County considers data center limits" }, { "url": "https://www.wate.com/news/knox-county-news/knox-county-commissioner-to-propose-moratorium-for-data-centers/", "title": "Knox County commissioner to propose moratorium for data centers (WATE)" }, { "url": "https://www.wbir.com/article/news/local/knoxville/knox-county-commission-starts-process-regulate-ai-data-centers/51-1057813d-0169-4c2f-9ce2-e58c03954617", "title": "Knox County Commission starts process to regulate AI data centers (WBIR)" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-22" }, { "id": "jonesborough-tn-data-center-ordinance-2026-05-11", "date": "2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "Jonesborough Board of Mayor and Aldermen, TN", "state": "TN", "scope": "local", "county": "Washington", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 36.2937, "lng": -82.4732, "action_type": [ "ordinance" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "noise", "water", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "second_reading", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Jonesborough ordinance requires board approval for all data-center applications and establishes noise, water, electrical demand, and reporting standards. Final reading scheduled May 11; first reading March 16; Planning Commission approved April 21. [Validation 2026-06-21: outcome -> 'win' per https://wcyb.com/news/local/jonesborough-adopts-rules-for-future-data-centers-crypto-mines-on-noise-water-use.]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-may-11-2026/", "title": "Data Centers daily notes May 11 2026 (Jonesborough)" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21" }, { "id": "naacp-prelim-injunction-xai-colossus-2-southaven-ms-2026-05-06", "date": "2026-06-16", "jurisdiction": "US District Court Northern District of Mississippi (NAACP preliminary injunction motion vs xAI Southaven gas-turbine plant)", "state": "MS", "scope": "local", "county": "DeSoto", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 34.9889, "lng": -90.0126, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "issue_category": [ "environmental", "community_impact" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "filed", "company": "xAI; MZX Tech (subsidiary)", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "summary": "Following NAACP's April Clean Air Act lawsuit (case 3:26-cv-00074-MPM-JMV), attorneys filed for an emergency preliminary injunction to halt operation of 33 unpermitted methane gas turbines at the Southaven power plant supplying xAI Colossus 2 in Memphis. Earthjustice represents NAACP. May 2026: The U.S. Department of Justice filed notice it is 'evaluating potential intervention' — apparently on xAI's side — citing its substantial interest 'including its priorities with respect to promotion of artificial intelligence' (Adam Gustafson, ENRD). DOJ has until June 15 to decide. No ruling on the preliminary injunction yet (SELC expects a decision within ~6 weeks of the May 6 filing). On June 10, 2026 the NAACP moved to amend its injunction request, citing expansion to ~57 turbines (up from 33 at filing); on June 16 the Trump DOJ formally moved to intervene on xAI's side and asked the court to dismiss the case, calling Grok's operation 'a matter of paramount national security.' A hearing on the preliminary injunction remains set for August 2026. CONFIRMED/escalated: On June 16, 2026 the Trump DOJ (Environment & Natural Resources Division) formally MOVED to intervene on xAI's side and to DISMISS the NAACP's Clean Air Act suit over the ~59 unpermitted gas turbines at Colossus 2 (Southaven MS), arguing it 'threatens American national, economic, and energy security,' with a Pentagon declaration calling Grok's operation 'a matter of paramount national security.' The injunction hearing remains set for August 2026. [Validation: outcome set to pending — DOJ filed to dismiss/intervene but no court ruling has issued; the suit remains undecided.]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://earthjustice.org/press/2026/naacp-asks-court-for-emergency-action-to-stop-illegal-air-pollution-from-xais-data-center-power-plant", "title": "NAACP asks court for emergency action vs xAI plant" }, { "url": "https://mississippitoday.org/2026/05/25/elon-musk-xai-dater-center-mississippi/", "title": "DOJ may intervene in NAACP v. xAI" }, { "url": "https://www.utilitydive.com/news/doj-may-intervene-in-naacp-lawsuit-over-xais-data-center-gas-turbines/820363/", "title": "DOJ may intervene in NAACP lawsuit over xAI turbines" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-17" }, { "id": "xai-memphis-46-unpermitted-turbines-disclosure-ms-2026-05-11", "date": "2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "Mississippi DEQ disclosure / Mississippi Today reporting on xAI's 46 'temporary-mobile' gas turbines without air permits at Southaven", "state": "MS", "scope": "local", "county": "DeSoto", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 34.9889, "lng": -90.0126, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "study_or_report" ], "issue_category": [ "environmental", "transparency" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "active", "company": "xAI", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "summary": "MDEQ confirmed xAI added 19 'temporary-mobile' gas turbines between March 25 and May 2, bringing the total to 46 trailered turbines operating without air permits. State considers them mobile (no permit required up to a year); SELC argues the Clean Air Act requires a 'stationary' classification.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://mississippitoday.org/2026/05/11/xai-46-gas-turbines-no-air-permits/", "title": "xAI 46 gas turbines without air permits" }, { "url": "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-may-11-2026/", "title": "Data Centers daily notes May 11 2026 (xAI 46 turbines)" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "xai-memphis-may-day-protest-tn-2026-05-01", "date": "2026-05-01", "jurisdiction": "Memphis (Boxtown protest at xAI Colossus 1, 3231 Paul R. Lowry Rd), TN", "state": "TN", "scope": "local", "county": "Shelby", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 35.0631, "lng": -90.1109, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "environmental", "community_impact" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "protest", "company": "xAI", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "summary": "May Day sit-in-style protest at xAI's Colossus 1 (3231 Paul R. Lowry Rd) raising environmental impact and community concerns. Boxtown organizers continue to anchor opposition.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/concerns-over-xai-environment-mark-100427490.html", "title": "Concerns over xAI environment mark May Day protest" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "cave-city-ky-moratorium-first-reading-2026-05-12", "date": "2026-06-08", "jurisdiction": "Cave City Council, KY", "state": "KY", "scope": "local", "county": "Barren", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 37.137, "lng": -85.943, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Cave City Council voted 4-1 in favor of a one-year moratorium ordinance and 4-1 against a zoning amendment that would have allowed data centers with 200-ft/1,000-ft setbacks. Council Member Leticia Cline: 'Communities still have a right to decide what kind of growth aligns with their long-term identity.' Second reading scheduled. RESOLVED May 20, 2026: Council enacted the 12-month moratorium on final reading 4-1 (Doyle dissenting) on data centers and associated high-impact industries; the competing zoning ordinance with setbacks was rejected. [Update 2026-06-22: On June 8, 2026, developer Kentucky Industrial Alliance LLC filed suit in Barren County (Barren District Court) against the City of Cave City, its council, and the joint City-County Planning Commission, challenging the 12-month data center moratorium Cave City enacted May 20 (after special meetings May 18/20). The company submitted a ~380-acre data...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://bgdailynews.com/2026/05/12/data-center-regulations-in-cave-city-voted-down-council-supports-moratorium/", "title": "Cave City supports moratorium, votes down regulations" }, { "url": "https://www.wbko.com/2026/05/21/cave-city-council-enacts-12-month-moratorium-data-centers/", "title": "Cave City enacts 12-month moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.wcluradio.com/2026/05/21/cave-city-approves-second-reading-for-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Cave City approves second reading" }, { "url": "https://www.wbko.com/2026/06/09/developer-sues-cave-city-over-data-center-zoning-moratorium/", "title": "Developer sues Cave City over data center zoning moratorium (WBKO)" }, { "url": "https://bgdailynews.com/2026/06/09/lawsuit-filed-over-cave-city-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Lawsuit filed over Cave City data center moratorium (Bowling Green Daily News)" }, { "url": "https://www.barrenside.com/court-fight-begins-over-cave-city-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Court fight begins over Cave City data center moratorium (Barren Side)" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-22" }, { "id": "louisville-ky-chappell-moratorium-reintro-2026-05-11", "date": "2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "Louisville Metro Council (Councilwoman Chappell reintroduces moratorium on telecom hotels / data centers), KY", "state": "KY", "scope": "local", "county": "Jefferson", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 38.2527, "lng": -85.7585, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "filed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Councilwoman Jennifer Chappell (D-15) refiled an ordinance temporarily pausing rezoning, conditional use permits, and plan applications for telecom hotels / data centers in Louisville Metro. Planning & Zoning Committee meeting June 2.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://louisvilleky.gov/news/councilwoman-chappell-reintroduces-temporary-moratorium-data-centers", "title": "Councilwoman Chappell reintroduces temporary moratorium" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "kentucky-statewide-2027-moratorium-effort-ky-2026-05-11", "date": "2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "Kentucky (Erin Petrey-led non-partisan effort to file statewide moratorium in 2027 General Assembly)", "state": "KY", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 38.2009, "lng": -84.8733, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "organizing", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Erin Petrey (ex-AWS, Democratic congressional candidate KY-6) is coordinating a non-partisan effort to file an indefinite statewide moratorium for the 2027 Kentucky General Assembly session. Early-stage drafting.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.lpm.org/news/2026-05-11/a-data-center-insider-wants-to-halt-their-construction-in-kentucky", "title": "Data center insider wants to halt Kentucky construction" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "west-virginia-mingo-tucker-election-issue-wv-2026-05-03", "date": "2026-05-03", "jurisdiction": "Mingo / Tucker / Berkeley counties (data centers as 2026 election issue; WV legislature blocked local-control proposals), WV", "state": "WV", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 38.5976, "lng": -80.4549, "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "study_or_report" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "active", "company": "unnamed 'New York developers' (Mingo); Fundamental Data LLC (Tucker)", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Mountain State Spotlight reports data centers becoming a 2026 election issue in West Virginia. Mingo proposal involves 117 turbine engines / 2.4 GW. WV legislature (GOP-majority) blocked local-control proposals.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://mountainstatespotlight.org/2026/05/03/mingo-county-data-centers/", "title": "Mingo County data centers election issue" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "andover-township-nj-data-center-ban-announce-2026-05-10", "date": "2026-05-10", "jurisdiction": "Andover Township Committee (Sussex County — ban announced after viral tense meeting at former Newton/Jump airport site), NJ", "state": "NJ", "scope": "local", "county": "Sussex", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 41.0048, "lng": -74.7421, "action_type": [ "ordinance", "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "announced", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "After a public meeting at which police (mayor's son) wrestled a resident to the ground, Andover Township Committee announced it will introduce two ordinances — one repealing data centers as a permitted use at the former Newton/Jump airport (97 acres), and a township-wide ban. Special meeting May 12. Mayor: 'It's not worth tearing a town apart.'. May 12, 2026: Township Committee introduced (first reading) two ordinances — a township-wide data center ban and repeal of data centers as a permitted use at the former Newton/Jump airport site. Adoption vote scheduled May 28.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://newjersey.news12.com/2026/05/10/andover-plans-ban-on-ai-data-centers-after-tense-meeting-and-viral-video/5ouXiKxrUSaKWwCIz4Fflg", "title": "Andover plans ban on AI data centers after tense meeting" }, { "url": "https://nj1015.com/andover-township-data-center-ban/", "title": "Andover Township data center ban" }, { "url": "https://njtoday.news/2026/05/08/secret-andover-township-data-center-scheme-triggers-fireworks-amid-denials/", "title": "Andover Township data center scheme triggers fireworks" }, { "url": "https://www.townshipjournal.com/news/local-news/andover-township-moves-to-ban-data-centers-after-heated-public-backlash-KL5841840", "title": "Andover Township moves to ban data centers" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-25" }, { "id": "kenilworth-nj-coreweave-protest-2026-05-07", "date": "2026-05-07", "jurisdiction": "Kenilworth Borough (Union County — community rally against $1.8B CoreWeave data center on former NEST campus), NJ", "state": "NJ", "scope": "local", "county": "Union", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 40.677, "lng": -74.2904, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact", "transparency" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "active", "company": "CoreWeave", "hyperscaler": "CoreWeave", "summary": "Dozens of Union County residents rallied outside Kenilworth borough hall with cowbells and whistles to protest the $1.8B, 400,000 sq ft CoreWeave data center under construction on the former NEST campus. Change.org petition exceeded 4,300 signatures by the night of the council meeting; community says they were not informed before construction began.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://newjersey.news12.com/2026/05/07/union-county-residents-protest-proposed-ai-data-center-in-kenilworth/23Tni8ixRsZOgmXwIv3Cl3", "title": "Union County residents protest CoreWeave data center" }, { "url": "https://abc7ny.com/post/community-rallies-giant-data-center-being-built-kenilworth-new-jersey/19053270/", "title": "Community rallies against giant Kenilworth data center" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "lowell-ma-markley-yale-lawsuit-2026-04-27", "date": "2026-04-27", "jurisdiction": "Middlesex County Superior Court (Honest Future for Lowell + Yale Environmental Justice Clinic v. Markley Group, MA DEP), MA", "state": "MA", "scope": "local", "county": "Middlesex", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 42.6334, "lng": -71.3162, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "issue_category": [ "environmental", "noise", "transparency" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "filed", "company": "Markley Group", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "10 Lowell residents (Honest Future for Lowell) sued Markley Group and the MA Department of Environmental Protection over air-quality permits for an expansion adding 8 diesel generators (total 27 generators + 16 cooling towers). Alleges DEP improperly approved the permit and struck an undisclosed agreement to circumvent residents. Yale Law's Environmental Justice Clinic involved. Reported May 7 — first data center lawsuit in Massachusetts.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.boston.com/news/local-news/2026/05/07/lowell-residents-file-massachusetts-first-lawsuit-against-a-data-center/", "title": "Lowell residents file Massachusetts' first data center lawsuit" }, { "url": "https://commonwealthbeacon.org/environment/lowell-residents-sue-data-center-state-over-air-quality-permit/", "title": "Lowell residents sue data center over air quality permit" }, { "url": "https://law.yale.edu/yls-today/news/clinic-lawsuit-challenges-data-center-expansion-lowell-massachusetts", "title": "Yale clinic lawsuit challenges Lowell data center" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "maryland-opc-pjm-ferc-cost-allocation-complaint-md-2026-05-11", "date": "2026-06-17", "jurisdiction": "Maryland Office of People's Counsel (FERC complaint over PJM transmission cost allocation for data centers — $1.6B shift onto MD ratepayers)", "state": "MD", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 38.9784, "lng": -76.4922, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "utility_regulation" ], "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "pending", "company": "PJM Interconnection", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Maryland OPC filed a FERC complaint arguing PJM's transmission cost-allocation rules unjustly shift $2B in data-center-driven transmission upgrades onto Maryland ratepayers ($1.6B in residential rate increases, ~$345/household over 10 years). Asks FERC to reassign costs to PJM zones where data centers actually sit (Northern Virginia). [Update 2026-06-22: On June 17, 2026, a group of 80 Maryland state lawmakers filed a statement of support at FERC backing the Maryland Office of People's Counsel complaint (filed early May 2026) over PJM's transmission cost-allocation methodology. They argue PJM improperly socializes the cost of transmission built primarily to serve out-of-state data centers (Virginia's...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://news.fundsforngos.org/2026/05/11/maryland-files-ferc-complaint-over-1-6b-data-center-power-bill/", "title": "Maryland files FERC complaint over $1.6B power bill" }, { "url": "https://therealnews.com/maryland-residents-to-pay-1-6-billion-more-in-power-bills-due-to-out-of-state-data-centers", "title": "Maryland residents to pay $1.6B more in power bills" }, { "url": "https://www.publicpower.org/periodical/article/complaint-filed-ferc-challenges-pjm-rules-tied-data-center-driven-transmission-costs", "title": "Complaint at FERC challenges PJM rules tied to data center costs" }, { "url": "https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/MDOPC/bulletins/415c9b6", "title": "Maryland OPC bulletin on FERC complaint" }, { "url": "https://www.utilitydive.com/news/maryland-ratepayer-advocate-ferc-data-center-complaint-transmission/823244/", "title": "Maryland lawmakers back data center transmission cost complaint at FERC (Utility Dive)" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-22" }, { "id": "harford-county-md-cassilly-permanent-ban-bill-2026-05-07", "date": "2026-05-07", "jurisdiction": "Harford County Executive Bob Cassilly (proposed legislation to permanently ban data centers countywide; public hearing May 18, vote June 1), MD", "state": "MD", "scope": "local", "county": "Harford", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 39.536, "lng": -76.3047, "action_type": [ "ordinance", "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "filed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Harford County Executive Bob Cassilly proposed legislation to permanently ban data centers countywide, going beyond Council Member Bennett's 90-day moratorium (Bill 26-005). Public hearing set May 18; County Council vote scheduled June 1, 2026. May 19, 2026: County Council withdrew the competing 180-day moratorium (Bill 26-005) and voted unanimously to convert Cassilly's permanent ban (Bill 26-011) into emergency legislation. New public hearing June 9; if approved, ban takes effect immediately on signature.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.baltimoresun.com/2026/05/07/cassilly-proposes-permanent-data-center-ban/", "title": "Cassilly proposes permanent data center ban" }, { "url": "https://nottinghammd.com/2026/05/07/county-executive-cassilly-proposes-legislation-to-permanently-ban-data-centers-in-harford-county/", "title": "Cassilly proposes permanent data center ban legislation" }, { "url": "https://patch.com/maryland/belair/county-executive-bob-cassilly-proposes-legislation-permanently-ban-data-centers", "title": "Cassilly proposes permanent ban legislation" }, { "url": "https://www.cbsnews.com/baltimore/news/harford-county-executives-proposed-bill-aims-to-ban-data-centers/", "title": "Harford County Executive's bill aims to ban data centers" }, { "url": "https://baltimorefishbowl.com/stories/harford-county-council-data-center-moratorium-cassillys-ban/", "title": "Harford County Council advances Cassilly ban as emergency legislation" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-25" }, { "id": "pa-puc-large-load-model-tariff-pa-2026-05-04", "date": "2026-05-04", "jurisdiction": "Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission (large-load customer model tariff advanced for public comment)", "state": "PA", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 40.2737, "lng": -76.8844, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation", "regulatory_action" ], "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy", "contract_guarantees" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "PA PUC advanced a proposed model tariff defining 'large-load customer' as >50 MW individual / >100 MW aggregate. Includes termination fees, universal service program contributions, and provisions for large-load customers to build their own infrastructure. Now open for public comment (advisory, not binding rules). May 13, 2026: PUC released its Final Order (Docket M-2025-3054271) establishing the first-of-its-kind voluntary large-load model tariff (>50 MW individual / >100 MW aggregate), assigning interconnection/infrastructure costs and financial-security requirements to large loads to shield residential ratepayers. Adopted 5-0 at the April 30 public meeting.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wesa.fm/environment-energy/2026-05-08/pennsylvania-public-utility-commission-data-center-protection", "title": "PA PUC data center protection" }, { "url": "https://whyy.org/articles/pennsylvania-public-utility-commission-data-center-protection/", "title": "PA PUC data center protection" }, { "url": "https://www.wvia.org/news/local/2026-05-04/pa-public-utility-commission-advances-measure-that-aims-to-protect-ratepayers-from-data-center-demand", "title": "PA PUC advances measure to protect ratepayers" }, { "url": "https://www.psats.org/puc-accepting-public-comment-on-plan-to-charge-electric-tariffs-on-data-centers-large-load-customers/", "title": "PUC accepting public comment on large-load tariff plan" }, { "url": "https://www.puc.pa.gov/press-release/2026/puc-releases-final-order-establishing-first-of-its-kind-large-load-model-tariff-framework-05132026", "title": "PA PUC releases final order on large-load model tariff" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-25" }, { "id": "plymouth-township-pa-data-center-resubmit-2026-05-05", "date": "2026-05-05", "jurisdiction": "Plymouth Township (Montgomery County — Cleveland-Cliffs steel mill site data center resubmitted after legal-technicality withdrawal), PA", "state": "PA", "scope": "local", "county": "Montgomery", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 40.1093, "lng": -75.2935, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "public_comment" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "filed", "company": "Brian O'Neill / Main Line (developer); tenant described as 'life sciences-related'", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Resubmission of a 2M sq ft data center on the 66-acre former Cleveland-Cliffs steel mill site along the Schuylkill River, six months after a withdrawal on a legal technicality. Application received May 1; zoning hearing must be scheduled within 60 days. Opposition petition >1,200 signatures.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.inquirer.com/news/pennsylvania/conshohocken-ai-data-center-proposal-zoning-20260505.html", "title": "Conshohocken AI data center proposal resubmitted" }, { "url": "https://montco.today/2026/05/conshohocken-data-center-fight-reignites/", "title": "Conshohocken data center fight reignites" }, { "url": "https://www.suburbanrealtorsalliance.com/news/2026/05/08/montgomery-county/conshohocken-area-data-center-plans-resubmitted-in-plymouth-township/", "title": "Conshohocken area data center plans resubmitted" }, { "url": "https://www.plymouthtownship.org/plymouth-township-receives-zoning-hearing-board-application-for-proposed-data-center/", "title": "Plymouth Township receives data center application" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "pine-creek-township-pa-data-center-zoning-amendment-2026-05-08", "date": "2026-05-08", "jurisdiction": "Pine Creek Township (Clinton County — proactive zoning amendment for data-center conditional use), PA", "state": "PA", "scope": "local", "county": "Clinton", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 41.2401, "lng": -77.4458, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "drafted", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Pine Creek Township supervisors considering an ordinance amendment to add data centers as a conditional use in Industrial zoning. Framed as a proactive defense against curative amendment challenges; would allow setbacks, buffering, and infrastructure review.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.sungazette.com/news/top-news/2026/05/pine-creek-township-to-consider-ordinance-amendment-to-address-data-centers/", "title": "Pine Creek Township to consider data center zoning amendment" }, { "url": "https://www.lockhaven.com/news/local-news/2026/05/pc-twp-to-consider-data-center-zoning-amendment/", "title": "Pine Creek Township to consider zoning amendment" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "connecticut-statewide-data-center-bills-die-ct-2026-05-06", "date": "2026-05-06", "jurisdiction": "Connecticut General Assembly (S.B. 245 + H.B. 5469 fail to advance at session adjournment)", "state": "CT", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 41.7658, "lng": -72.6734, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "ratepayer" ], "community_outcome": "mixed", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Connecticut General Assembly adjourned with two data-center bills failing to advance: S.B. 245 (eliminating data center tax incentives) and H.B. 5469 (regulating data centers co-located with existing power plants such as Millstone Nuclear). Reporting noted interest faded because CT's high electric rates already deter developers.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://ctmirror.org/2026/05/11/ct-2026-bills-that-didnt-pass/", "title": "CT 2026 bills that didn't pass" }, { "url": "https://www.ctpublic.org/news/2026-05-11/ct-bills-failed-2026-school-cellphones-data-centers-evictions", "title": "CT bills failed 2026: data centers, evictions" }, { "url": "https://hartfordbusiness.com/article/ct-bills-that-didnt-pass-in-2026-school-cellphones-data-centers-evictions/", "title": "CT bills that didn't pass in 2026" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "massachusetts-house-rejects-data-center-study-commission-ma-2026-05-07", "date": "2026-05-07", "jurisdiction": "Massachusetts House (rejects Rep. Pease budget amendment for data center impact study commission)", "state": "MA", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 42.3601, "lng": -71.0589, "action_type": [ "legislation", "study_or_report" ], "issue_category": [ "transparency", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "defeated", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Massachusetts House rejected without debate a Republican budget amendment (Rep. Kelly Pease) that would have created a commission to study data centers' impacts. State House News Service panel on May 7 highlighted the partisan split; Gov. Healey has refused to back a Maine-style ban.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://agencychecklists.com/2026/05/12/massachusetts-ai-data-centers-energy-climate-debate-81930/", "title": "Massachusetts AI data centers energy/climate debate" }, { "url": "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-weekly-briefing-may-4-7-2026/", "title": "Data Centers weekly briefing May 4-7 2026" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12" }, { "id": "hudson-valley-ny-treetop-data-center-inquiry-2026-05-08", "date": "2026-05-08", "jurisdiction": "Town of East Fishkill (Dutchess County — Treetop Development data center; industrial moratorium extended to data centers), NY", "state": "NY", "scope": "local", "county": "Dutchess", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 41.5901, "lng": -73.7993, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "exploratory", "company": "Treetop Development (NJ-based)", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Treetop Development inquired about converting a 765,000 sq ft warehouse-permitted parcel to a data center in an unspecified Hudson Valley town. Local moratorium runs through 2026-06-30. Mid Hudson News headlined the report 'Rumors of proposed data center are premature.' May 14, 2026: East Fishkill moved to extend its industrial moratorium to cover data centers; Food & Water Watch and residents rallied against the Treetop Development proposal. The town is East Fishkill (Dutchess County). The Town Board is advancing an extension of its industrial-area moratorium to cover data centers, with a public hearing set for June 25; opponents of the ~1-GW 'Treetop' proposal have gathered a 1,000+ signature petition.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://midhudsonnews.com/2026/05/08/rumors-of-proposed-data-center-are-premature/", "title": "Hudson Valley Treetop data center rumors premature" }, { "url": "https://midhudsonnews.com/2026/05/14/east-fishkill-to-adopt-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "title": "East Fishkill to adopt moratorium on data centers" }, { "url": "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/05/22/hudson-valley-residents-rally-against-massive-data-center-proposal-in-east-fishkill/", "title": "Hudson Valley residents rally against East Fishkill data center" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-07" }, { "id": "epa-begin-actual-construction-redefinition-us-2026-05-11", "date": "2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "US EPA (proposed redefinition of 'begin actual construction' under the Clean Air Act)", "state": "US", "scope": "federal", "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "public_comment" ], "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "proposed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "EPA proposed redefining 'begin actual construction' under the Clean Air Act so gas plants, data centers, and factories can start building non-polluting components (piping, wiring, cement pads, support structures) and do site prep (clearing, grading, surveying, soil compaction, excavating) BEFORE obtaining air-emission permits. Critics warn it creates sunk-cost pressure to approve permits after hundreds of millions are invested. Loosens an earlier-2026 EPA tightening that had required CAA permits for data center gas turbines. 45-day comment period.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/11052026/epa-proposes-looser-construction-rules-for-gas-plants-data-centers/", "title": "EPA proposes looser construction rules for gas plants, data centers" }, { "url": "https://www.epa.gov/stationary-sources-air-pollution/clean-air-act-resources-data-centers", "title": "EPA Clean Air Act resources for data centers" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-25" }, { "id": "dod-ai-arsenal-fy2027-supercomputing-request-us-2026-05-22", "date": "2026-05-22", "jurisdiction": "US Department of Defense (FY2027 ~$30B 'AI Arsenal' supercomputing/data-center request)", "state": "US", "scope": "federal", "action_type": [ "executive_action", "study_or_report" ], "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "proposed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "The Pentagon is requesting ~$29.5B for FY2027 to build the 'AI Arsenal' — concurrent construction of a portfolio of hardened, SCIF-accredited DOD-owned data center facilities across multiple sites plus GPU/AI-system procurement, shifting from scattered GPU clusters to integrated government-owned infrastructure. Tied to the Army's Fort Bliss (Carlyle) and Dugway Proving Ground (CyrusOne) commercial data center selections (announced March 26).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://defensescoop.com/2026/05/22/dod-wants-nearly-30-billion-to-modernize-its-ai-supercomputing-arsenal-in-fiscal-2027/", "title": "DOD wants nearly $30B for AI supercomputing in FY2027" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-25" }, { "id": "house-ec-wires-rates-states-transmission-hearing-us-2026-05-13", "date": "2026-05-13", "jurisdiction": "US House Energy & Commerce, Energy Subcommittee ('Wires, Rates, and States' transmission permitting hearing)", "state": "US", "scope": "federal", "action_type": [ "study_or_report" ], "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "hearing", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "The House Energy & Commerce Energy Subcommittee (Chair Latta) held a hearing, 'Wires, Rates, And States: Permitting Transmission for Reliable and Affordable Power.' Witnesses emphasized states maintaining authority over permitting decisions and utilities' integrated planning to protect ratepayers — a federalism-leaning framing relevant to data-center-driven transmission buildout. No bill action reported out of it.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://energycommerce.house.gov/events/energy-hearing-wires-rates-and-states-permitting-transmission-for-reliable-and-affordable-power", "title": "House E&C Wires, Rates, and States hearing" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-25" }, { "id": "porter-township-cass-county-mi-moratorium-2026-05-12", "jurisdiction": "Porter Township Board (Cass County), MI", "state": "MI", "county": "Cass County", "lat": 41.8128, "lng": -85.923, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-05-12", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Porter Township Board unanimously adopted Ordinance 5-12-26, a 12-month moratorium on accepting/processing data center applications (extendable by resolution), effective May 19. This is the longer-term Cass County action; neighboring Penn Township separately passed a 30-day moratorium May 11.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wndu.com/2026/05/13/porter-township-approves-one-year-moratorium-establish-data-center-guidelines/", "title": "Porter Township approves one-year moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.abc57.com/news/porter-township-leadership-pass-one-year-data-center-moratorium", "title": "Porter Township passes one-year data center moratorium" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "minneapolis-mn-moratorium-2026-05-21", "jurisdiction": "Minneapolis City Council, MN", "state": "MN", "county": "Hennepin County", "lat": 44.9778, "lng": -93.265, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-05-21", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Minneapolis City Council voted 8-5 for a 6-month moratorium on new data center sites; exempts downtown proposals under 350,000 sq ft. Interim ordinance in effect (no mayoral approval required).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-data-centers-moratorium/601846955", "title": "Minneapolis data centers moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.insightnews.com/news/bigger-and-harder-than-it-looked-the-minneapolis-data-center-moratorium-comes-to-a-may/article_c54a3cd0-6dbf-4b1b-80af-142203d4b26f.html", "title": "Minneapolis data center moratorium" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "wright-county-mn-emergency-moratorium-2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "Wright County Board, MN", "state": "MN", "county": "Wright County", "lat": 45.1738, "lng": -93.9669, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-05-19", "status": "passed", "company": "Monticello Tech LLC (routed around via city annexation)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Wright County Board unanimously approved Interim Ordinance 26-2, a 12-month moratorium on township data center applications under county P&Z authority, following citizen outcry. Monticello Tech LLC's 550-acre campus is unaffected (advancing via city annexation).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.dasselcokato.com/articles/enterprisedispatch-news/wright-county-enacts-one-year-emergency-freeze-on-data-centers-following-citizen-outcry/", "title": "Wright County enacts one-year emergency freeze" }, { "url": "https://www.hometownsource.com/press_and_news/wright-county-enacts-emergency-data-center-moratorium/article_715edbe0-3ac0-4e77-9db0-57ee1a901567.html", "title": "Wright County enacts emergency moratorium" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "inver-grove-heights-mn-moratorium-2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "Inver Grove Heights City Council, MN", "state": "MN", "county": "Dakota County", "lat": 44.848, "lng": -93.0427, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-05-11", "status": "passed", "company": "T5 Data Centers (applicant)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Inver Grove Heights City Council voted 3-2 for a 1-year moratorium; the interim ordinance specifically captures the Travel Tags parcel (proposed ~55,000 sq ft / up to 5 MW data center by T5 Data Centers). Concerns: water, electricity, roads, environment.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/inver-grove-heights-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Inver Grove Heights data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://kfgo.com/2026/05/12/twin-cities-city-imposes-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "title": "Twin Cities city imposes moratorium on data centers" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "environmental" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "normal-il-moratorium-2026-05-18", "jurisdiction": "Town of Normal, IL", "state": "IL", "county": "McLean County", "lat": 40.5142, "lng": -88.9906, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-05-18", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Town of Normal approved a 6-month data center moratorium effective through Nov 30, 2026. No company named.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.25newsnow.com/2026/05/19/data-center-pauses-considered-normal-bloomington/", "title": "Data center pauses considered in Normal, Bloomington" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "yellow-springs-oh-moratorium-2026-05-18", "jurisdiction": "Village of Yellow Springs, OH", "state": "OH", "county": "Greene County", "lat": 39.8056, "lng": -83.8869, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-05-18", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Yellow Springs Council passed Ordinance 2026-08 on emergency reading May 18, suspending zoning permits/approvals for data centers over 2 MW peak load for 12 months (expires May 18, 2027).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://ysnews.com/news/2026/05/village-council-considers-data-center-moratorium-in-yellow-springs", "title": "Yellow Springs council considers data center moratorium" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "cleveland-oh-moratorium-lakeland-permit-2026-05-22", "jurisdiction": "Cleveland City Council (1-yr moratorium proposed; Lakeland Equity permit rejected), OH", "state": "OH", "county": "Cuyahoga County", "lat": 41.4993, "lng": -81.6944, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "permit_denial" ], "date": "2026-05-22", "status": "pending", "company": "Lakeland Equity Group", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Council Member Charles Slife proposed a 1-year data center moratorium to update zoning and define DC scales. Separately, the city rejected the construction permit application for Lakeland Equity Group's ~$1.6B data center in Slavic Village (cited incomplete submission); the company is considering options. Update: Cleveland rejected the $1.6B Lakeland Equity hyperscale data center permit in Slavic Village (~May 14) — a community win on the permit — while CM Charles Slife’s proposed 1-year moratorium went to committee and is unlikely to pass before council’s summer recess.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://spectrumnews1.com/oh/columbus/news/2026/05/22/cleveland-data-center-moratorium", "title": "Cleveland data center moratorium proposed" }, { "url": "https://www.ideastream.org/government-politics/2026-04-28/no-more-data-centers-in-cleveland-council-member-proposes-one-year-moratorium", "title": "Cleveland council member proposes one-year moratorium" }, { "url": "https://signalcleveland.org/cleveland-rejects-data-center-permit-for-slavic-village/", "title": "Cleveland rejects data center permit for Slavic Village" }, { "url": "https://neo-trans.blog/2026/05/15/clevelands-proposed-data-center-moratorium-in-a-race-against-time-technology/", "title": "Cleveland’s proposed data center moratorium in a race against time" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "painesville-township-oh-moratorium-2026-05-21", "jurisdiction": "Painesville Township Trustees (Lake County), OH", "state": "OH", "county": "Lake County", "lat": 41.717, "lng": -81.2454, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-05-21", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Painesville Township Trustees unanimously approved a 12-month data center moratorium, citing zoning gaps, water, noise, and infrastructure. Distinct from the City of Painesville.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.thecooldown.com/green-business/painesville-township-ohio-data-center/", "title": "Painesville Township Ohio data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.news5cleveland.com/news/local-news/more-northeast-ohio-communities-are-blocking-data-centers-business-leaders-are-worried", "title": "More NE Ohio communities blocking data centers" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "noise" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "hubbard-city-oh-moratorium-project-milo-2026-05-18", "jurisdiction": "City of Hubbard (Trumbull County — moratorium drafted amid 'Project Milo' NDA controversy), OH", "state": "OH", "county": "Trumbull County", "lat": 41.1564, "lng": -80.5695, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "other_opposition" ], "date": "2026-06-02", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "After residents confronted Mayor Ben Kyle over an NDA he signed (Dec 2024) tied to an undisclosed data center ('Project Milo,' via the Lake to River economic development partner; possible site former Deer Creek Golf Course), council agreed to draft a 12-month moratorium with a final vote June 1. Distinct from Hubbard Township. UPDATE: Council voted to propose a 12-month moratorium with a final vote scheduled for June 1, 2026, amid the 'Project Milo' NDA controversy (residents confronted Mayor Ben Kyle over a 2024 NDA); one candidate site is the former Deer Creek Golf Course. On June 2, 2026, Hubbard City Council passed a 12-month moratorium on data center construction, placement, and operation, adopted as an emergency (suspending the three-reading rule).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.tribtoday.com/news/local-news/2026/05/hubbard-prepares-legislation-for-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Hubbard prepares data center moratorium legislation" }, { "url": "https://www.vindy.com/news/local-news/2026/05/hubbard-mayor-addresses-data-center-concerns/", "title": "Hubbard mayor addresses data center concerns" }, { "url": "https://www.vindy.com/uncategorized/2026/05/hubbard-plans-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Hubbard plans data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.tribtoday.com/news/local-news/2026/06/hubbard-passes-1-year-data-center-halt/", "title": "Hubbard passes 1-year data center halt" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "transparency" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "indianapolis-warren-township-dc-blox-in-2026-05-21", "jurisdiction": "Indianapolis / Warren Township (DC BLOX $2B campus opposition), IN", "state": "IN", "county": "Marion County", "lat": 39.7798, "lng": -86.0397, "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-06-11", "status": "pending", "company": "DC BLOX (Georgia-based)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Residents organized ('Block DC Blox') against a proposed $2B DC BLOX campus at a former Ford brownfield (305 Fintail Dr): 3 buildings, ~420,000 sq ft, up to 78 MW, 56 backup generators, ~35 jobs. Because DC BLOX sought a variance (not rezoning), Council cannot 'call down' the decision. Advances to MDC hearing examiner June 11. The DC BLOX use-variance petition goes before the Metropolitan Development Commission hearing examiner on June 11, 2026; because it is a use variance (not a rezoning), the City-County Council cannot call down the decision. On June 11, 2026 a Metropolitan Development Commission hearing examiner recommended APPROVING DC BLOX's variance for the 3-building, up to 420,000 sq ft, ~78 MW campus (56 backup generators) at the former Ford site, over intense Irvington-neighborhood opposition. It advances to the full MDC; because a variance (not a rezoning) was sought, the City-County Council cannot override the decision. The full Metropolitan Development Commission vote on DC BLOX's variance is set for July 1, 2026 (the June 11 hearing-examiner recommendation was the first step). [Update 2026-06-22: STILL PENDING - full MDC vote is July 1. The DC BLOX ~$2B / 420,000 sq ft three-building data-center campus at Thunderbird Commerce Center (former Ford factory brownfield, 305 Fintail Drive, 32 acres) in Warren Township next to Irvington cleared its first hurdle June 11, 2026 when the Metropolitan Development Commission's hearing examiner RECOMMENDED...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wfyi.org/wfyi-news/2026-05-22/dc-blox-data-center-indianapolis-warren-township-residents", "title": "DC BLOX data center Warren Township residents" }, { "url": "https://hoodline.com/2026/04/2-billion-data-center-plan-sparks-big-power-play-on-indy-s-east-side/", "title": "$2B data center plan on Indy's east side" }, { "url": "https://www.wfyi.org/wfyi-news/2026-06-12/dc-blox-data-center-warren-township-approval-hearing-examiner", "title": "Indianapolis data center clears first hurdle despite Irvington opposition (WFYI)" }, { "url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/dc-blox-data-center-in-eastern-indianapolis-receives-recommendation-for-approval/", "title": "DC Blox data center in eastern Indianapolis receives recommendation for approval (DCD)" }, { "url": "https://mirrorindy.org/dc-blox-data-center-east-side-indianapolis-irvington-approval/", "title": "Eastside data center campus recommended for approval (Mirror Indy)" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "noise", "water", "environmental" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "st-joseph-county-in-third-new-carlisle-rezoning-2026-05-13", "jurisdiction": "St. Joseph County Council (third New Carlisle-area data center rezoning, ~$13B), IN", "state": "IN", "county": "St. Joseph County", "lat": 41.7011, "lng": -86.5097, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-05-13", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "A rezoning petition (~1,057 acres ag→industrial) for a THIRD New Carlisle-area data center (~$13B) had its first reading May 13, in the same cluster as the AWS Project Rainier (Anthropic) site. Opposition (Citizens for Responsible Economic Development + faith/community leaders) cited water-supply uncertainty and recent electric/water rate hikes (~17%/12%). A prior related 7-2 rezoning denial occurred Dec 2025.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.abc57.com/news/local-groups-advocate-against-third-data-center-in-st-joseph-county", "title": "Local groups advocate against third data center in St. Joseph County" }, { "url": "https://wsbt.com/news/local/st-joseph-county-council-to-decide-rezoning-of-land-for-data-center-new-carlisle-third-water-electrical-supply-county-city-building-protestors-south-bend-indiana", "title": "St. Joseph County to decide rezoning for third data center" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "madison-county-in-moratorium-request-2026-05-12", "jurisdiction": "Madison County Plan Commission (moratorium requested by Citizens Action Coalition + 27 orgs), IN", "state": "IN", "county": "Madison County", "lat": 40.1612, "lng": -85.7, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-06-17", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Citizens Action Coalition and 27 public-interest organizations pushed Madison County to adopt a data center moratorium at the May 12 Plan Commission meeting, part of a statewide local-moratorium campaign. Outcome not confirmed. RESOLVED: On June 17, 2026 the Madison County (IN) Commissioners approved a six-month data center moratorium — the ninth Indiana county to do so. The Plan Commission will consider a further six-month extension in July, and a subcommittee will draft energy-development ordinances with public hearings targeted for October. [Update 2026-06-22: UPDATE to madison-county-in-moratorium-request-2026-05-12. On June 17 the Madison County (IN) Commissioners voted unanimously for a 6-month data center moratorium (potential extension to one year), effective immediately, after the Planning Commission recommended it the prior week (one dissent). No official data center proposals have been received;...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.heraldbulletin.com/news/local_news/madison-county-being-asked-for-data-center-moratorium/article_57dc7598-1ead-4570-81c9-2e8306d8268a.html", "title": "Madison County asked for data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.citact.org/news/27-public-interest-organizations-call-indiana-local-governments-enact-data-center-moratorium", "title": "27 organizations call for Indiana local moratoriums" }, { "url": "https://www.lpm.org/news/2026-06-17/indiana-community-passes-short-term-data-center-moratorium", "title": "Indiana community passes short-term data center moratorium - LPM" }, { "url": "https://wsbt.com/news/local/bristol-residents-demand-data-center-pause-no-data-center-agenda-discussion-taking-place-moratorium-no-authority-zoning-elkhart-county-decision-town-council-indiana", "title": "Bristol residents demand data center pause; moratorium not on agenda - WSBT" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "lowell-township-kent-county-mi-moratorium-rejected-2026-05-18", "jurisdiction": "Lowell Township (Kent County — 6-month moratorium rejected; recall threat over Microsoft DC), MI", "state": "MI", "county": "Kent County", "lat": 42.9436, "lng": -85.342, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "other_opposition" ], "date": "2026-05-18", "status": "defeated", "company": "Microsoft", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Lowell Township Board voted down a 6-month data center moratorium; residents threatened recalls over a Microsoft hyperscale data center proposed at Covenant Business Park.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.mlive.com/news/grand-rapids/2026/05/residents-threaten-recall-after-lowell-township-rejects-data-center-moratorium.html", "title": "Residents threaten recall after Lowell Township rejects moratorium" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "st-louis-city-mo-three-tier-zoning-delay-2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "City of St. Louis (three-tier data center regulatory framework vote delayed), MO", "state": "MO", "county": "St. Louis (city)", "lat": 38.627, "lng": -90.1994, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-05-19", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "St. Louis's Planning & Urban Design Agency recommended delaying the vote on a three-tier data center regulatory framework (would eliminate by-right approvals and cap major facilities at 500,000 sq ft) to consider public feedback.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ksdk.com/article/news/politics/st-louis-delays-vote-on-data-center-zoning-rules-after-public-pushback/63-0acb8e94-a22f-43bf-92fb-ff31b25f812f", "title": "St. Louis delays vote on data center zoning rules" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "hill-county-tx-county-moratorium-2026-05-12", "jurisdiction": "Hill County Commissioners Court (first Texas county data center moratorium), TX", "state": "TX", "county": "Hill County", "lat": 32.0085, "lng": -97.1253, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-05-12", "status": "passed", "company": "Provident Data Centers (Dallas-based; 300-acre proposal in north Hillsboro)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Hill County Commissioners Court voted 3-2 for a 1-year pause on data center construction in unincorporated areas — appears to be the first Texas county moratorium. County officials expect lawsuits (demand letters arrived within 24 hours); State Sen. Paul Bettencourt asked AG Paxton to investigate, claiming counties lack authority. At least 8 more local projects reportedly in development.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/05/12/texas-hill-county-approves-data-center-construction-pause-ai/", "title": "Texas Hill County approves data center construction pause" }, { "url": "https://www.kwtx.com/2026/05/12/hill-county-commissioners-approve-1-year-moratorium-data-center-construction/", "title": "Hill County commissioners approve 1-year moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.eenews.net/articles/texas-county-passes-1-year-data-center-construction-ban/", "title": "Texas county passes 1-year data center construction ban" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "socorro-county-nm-moratorium-process-2026-05-12", "jurisdiction": "Socorro County Commission (moratorium process advanced; vote June 9), NM", "state": "NM", "county": "Socorro County", "lat": 34.0584, "lng": -106.8914, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-06-09", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Socorro County Commission (130+ attendees) authorized publication of an ordinance summary/title for a proposed 1-year moratorium on data centers in unincorporated areas, paving the way for a public hearing and vote June 9, plus a community 'blue ribbon committee.' Driven by water concerns. RESOLVED (double win): (1) On June 2, 2026 New Mexico Tech announced it will NOT pursue the controversial ~10,000-acre 'Green Data Center' (Jason Bak / Green Data Centers — a ~2 GW campus on a 10 GW solar array on university land), citing insufficient contiguous acreage and public outcry (4,000+ signed against). (2) The Socorro County Commission then unanimously adopted a one-year data center moratorium (~June 9-10); 1,000+ had petitioned for it and U.S. Rep. Gabe Vasquez urged action.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://sourcenm.com/2026/05/13/new-mexico-county-officials-approve-process-to-consider-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "NM county approves process to consider moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.dchieftain.com/news/county-approves-first-step-toward-moratorium/3042475", "title": "Socorro County approves first step toward moratorium" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-06-16", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "water", "zoning" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "calipatria-ca-moratorium-introduced-2026-05-12", "jurisdiction": "Calipatria City Council (Imperial County — interim 5-year moratorium introduced), CA", "state": "CA", "county": "Imperial County", "lat": 33.1256, "lng": -115.5142, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-05-12", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Calipatria City Council voted 4-0 to advance an interim urgency ordinance for a temporary 5-year moratorium on large-scale data center approval/permitting/construction — the first Imperial County-area jurisdiction to formally consider blocking data centers. Tied to broader Salton Sea-area data center opposition. As of June 8, the 5-year moratorium remains an introduction only — the May 12 vote directed staff to advertise a formal public hearing to refine the ordinance before it takes full effect; no second-reading adoption has been confirmed. Mayor Michael Luellen said 'data centers, the only place that they exist, is in hell,' and council members faced recall notices around the same time.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://inewsource.org/2026/05/13/data-center-moratorium-imperial-county-salton-sea-calipatria/", "title": "Calipatria data center moratorium Imperial County Salton Sea" }, { "url": "https://calexicochronicle.com/2026/05/13/calipatria-council-introduces-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Calipatria council introduces data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://kyma.com/news/top-stories/2026/05/13/calipatria-city-council-approves-data-center-moratorium-on-heels-of-council-recall-notices/", "title": "Calipatria approves data center moratorium amid recall notices" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-06-08", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "water", "environmental", "zoning" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "city-of-imperial-ca-ceqa-lawsuit-2026-05-13", "jurisdiction": "Imperial County Superior Court (CEQA complaint against ~1M sq ft data center; trial June 25), CA", "state": "CA", "county": "Imperial County", "lat": 32.8475, "lng": -115.5694, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-05-13", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "A 231-page CEQA complaint challenges a ~1M sq ft data center near the City of Imperial; trial date set for June 25, 2026 (Judge Anderholt). Part of the broader Imperial County/Salton Sea data center fight. No ruling or settlement emerged from the June 2 case-management conference; the June 25, 2026 trial before Judge L. Brooks Anderholt stands. The court set trial after denying the county's second motion for judgment on the pleadings, and in a stipulation of facts county officials admitted gaps in the administrative record — including no record of an initial environmental study for the project.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://inewsource.org/2026/05/13/data-center-moratorium-imperial-county-salton-sea-calipatria/", "title": "Imperial County Salton Sea data center CEQA lawsuit" }, { "url": "https://www.thedesertreview.com/business/city-of-imperial-prepares-for-upcoming-data-center-court-case/article_1ee31a32-f2fa-4375-a3b4-7fc325f7bb80.html", "title": "City of Imperial prepares for data center court case" }, { "url": "https://www.thedesertreview.com/news/county-data-center-developer-file-motion-to-dismiss-imperial-lawsuit/article_ed141397-5555-45a7-955a-50a9aaffbad1.html", "title": "County, developer file motion to dismiss Imperial lawsuit" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-06-08", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "granbury-hood-county-tx-mara-noise-lawsuit-2026-05-01", "jurisdiction": "US District Court N.D. Texas (9 Granbury residents v. MARA Holdings over bitcoin-mine noise), TX", "state": "TX", "county": "Hood County", "lat": 32.4421, "lng": -97.7942, "action_type": [ "lawsuit", "other_opposition" ], "date": "2026-05-01", "status": "filed", "company": "MARA Holdings (Marathon Digital)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Nine Granbury residents sued MARA Holdings in N.D. Texas (Case 4:26-cv-00534) over its bitcoin-mine noise/low-frequency emissions as a private nuisance — demanding a jury trial and >$1M damages, alleging tinnitus, dead chickens, and diminished property values. Related consolidated cases before Judge Reed O'Connor. Distinct from the separate resident suit against the City of Granbury over the Project Patriot rezoning.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://blockspace.media/insight/nine-texas-residents-sue-mara-expanding-granbury-bitcoin-mine-noise-fight/", "title": "Nine Texas residents sue MARA over Granbury bitcoin mine noise" }, { "url": "https://decrypt.co/366654/texas-lawsuit-mara-holdings-bitcoin-mining-noise", "title": "Texas lawsuit MARA Holdings bitcoin mining noise" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "noise", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "arizona-aps-rate-case-data-center-class-az-2026-05-18", "jurisdiction": "Arizona Corporation Commission (APS rate case — proposed data center customer class + ~45% DC increase), AZ", "state": "AZ", "county": null, "lat": 33.4484, "lng": -112.074, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2026-05-18", "status": "hearing", "company": "Arizona Public Service (APS)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Arizona Corporation Commission's evidentiary hearing on APS's ~14% overall rate increase opened May 18 (hours of protest), running ~6-8 weeks. APS proposes a 45%+ increase for data centers and cost-allocation reform assigning growth-driven costs (new plants/transmission) to the classes/developers causing them, plus an annual formula rate. ALJ recommended order expected November. The Goodyear data center cluster is the major affected concentration.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://azcapitoltimes.com/news/2026/05/19/aps-rate-case-kicks-off-with-hours-of-protest-over-14-rate-increase/", "title": "APS rate case kicks off with hours of protest" }, { "url": "https://ktar.com/arizona-business/data-centers-aps-rate-hike/5812611/", "title": "Data centers and APS rate hike" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-25", "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "pittsylvania-danville-va-stack-megaproject-2026-05-18", "jurisdiction": "Pittsylvania County & Danville Regional Industrial Facilities Authority (STACK $100B Berry Hill performance agreement), VA", "state": "VA", "county": "Pittsylvania County", "lat": 36.6293, "lng": -79.5803, "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "community_benefit_agreement" ], "date": "2026-05-18", "status": "approved", "company": "STACK Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Regional Industrial Facilities Authority (joint Danville-Pittsylvania board) approved a performance agreement for a $100B, 30-year STACK Infrastructure digital campus at the Southern Virginia Megasite at Berry Hill — tied for the 3rd-largest US industrial announcement. ~4,000 jobs, $48.5M+ annual taxes, ~$238k/acre. Minimal organized opposition; a nearby resident raised groundwater-contamination concerns. The project advanced.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wsls.com/news/local/2026/05/18/pittsylvania-danville-leaders-to-vote-on-performance-agreement-for-data-center-development/", "title": "Pittsylvania-Danville leaders vote on STACK performance agreement" } ], "data_source": null, "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "rockdale-county-ga-moratorium-extension-2026-05-12", "jurisdiction": "Rockdale County (data center + battery-energy-storage moratorium extended through Sept 8), GA", "state": "GA", "county": "Rockdale County", "lat": 33.654, "lng": -84.026, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-05-12", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Rockdale County extended its data center and battery-energy-storage moratorium (originally 180 days from March 2026) through Sept 8, 2026 to overhaul its Unified Development Ordinance (noise, water, power rules).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.atlantanewsfirst.com/2026/05/13/rockdale-county-extends-ban-data-centers/", "title": "Rockdale County extends data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://ocgnews.com/rockdale-county-extends-data-center-and-battery-energy-storage-moratorium-through-sept-8/", "title": "Rockdale County extends moratorium through Sept 8" } ], "data_source": null, "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "noise", "water", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "south-carolina-mace-moratorium-call-sc-2026-05-18", "jurisdiction": "South Carolina (Rep. Nancy Mace calls for statewide 1-year data center moratorium)", "state": "SC", "county": null, "lat": 33.8361, "lng": -81.1637, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "date": "2026-05-18", "status": "proposed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "U.S. Rep. Nancy Mace publicly called for a one-year moratorium on new data center construction in South Carolina, citing energy prices. Political pressure, not a binding action.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://mace.house.gov/media/press-releases/rep-nancy-mace-calls-one-year-moratorium-new-data-centers-south-carolina", "title": "Rep. Mace calls for one-year SC data center moratorium" } ], "data_source": null, "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "cedar-hill-tn-moratorium-proposed-2026-05-15", "jurisdiction": "Cedar Hill (Robertson County — mayor proposing 2-year data center + crypto moratorium), TN", "state": "TN", "county": "Robertson County", "lat": 36.5392, "lng": -86.8061, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-06-01", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Cedar Hill Mayor John Edwards proposed a 2-year moratorium on data centers and crypto mining, prompted by a large project planned across the state line in Franklin, KY. He plans to bring it to town leaders the following month; no vote yet. On June 1, 2026, the Cedar Hill (Robertson County) council enacted a 2-year moratorium on data centers and crypto-mining within city limits, citing electrical, water, wastewater, noise, and traffic concerns.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://fox17.com/news/local/cedar-hill-mayor-calls-for-data-center-moratorium-in-tennessee", "title": "Cedar Hill mayor calls for data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.wsmv.com/2026/06/02/cedar-hill-imposes-two-year-moratorium-data-centers/", "title": "Cedar Hill imposes two-year moratorium on data centers" }, { "url": "https://www.newschannel5.com/news/state/tennessee/robertson-county/cedar-hill-in-robertson-county-passes-2-year-moratorium-on-data-centers-amid-rural-preservation-concerns", "title": "Cedar Hill passes 2-year moratorium amid rural preservation concerns" } ], "data_source": null, "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "xai-memphis-southaven-2-8b-turbine-buy-tn-2026-05-20", "jurisdiction": "Memphis TN / Southaven MS (xAI discloses $2.8B more turbine purchases amid lawsuit)", "state": "TN", "county": "Shelby County", "lat": 35.0631, "lng": -90.1109, "action_type": [ "infrastructure_opposition", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2026-05-20", "status": "active", "company": "xAI / MZX Tech", "hyperscaler": "xAI", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Via SpaceX's IPO filing (May 20), xAI disclosed plans to buy $2.8B more turbines over 3 years — including a $2B order for the same kind of mobile gas turbines it is being sued over by the NAACP/SELC/Earthjustice. Backdrop to the pending preliminary-injunction motion over the Southaven plant powering Colossus 2. xAI now operates 46 unpermitted 'temporary-mobile' turbines beyond the 41 permanent units MDEQ permitted in March.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://techcrunch.com/2026/05/20/musks-xai-is-being-sued-over-its-data-center-generators-now-its-buying-2-8b-more/", "title": "xAI sued over data center generators, now buying $2.8B more" }, { "url": "https://mississippitoday.org/2026/05/11/xai-46-gas-turbines-no-air-permits/", "title": "xAI 46 gas turbines without air permits" } ], "data_source": null, "last_updated": "2026-05-25", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "millville-nj-data-center-ban-2026-05-19", "date": "2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "Millville Board of Commissioners (Cumberland County — total data center ban), NJ", "state": "NJ", "scope": "local", "county": "Cumberland County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 39.4023, "lng": -75.0393, "action_type": [ "ordinance", "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "The Millville Board of Commissioners voted to completely ban data centers citywide, killing what was described as the largest proposed data center in NJ history (2.6M sq ft, ~1.4 GW). A win for the Gen Z-led Climate Revolution Action Network (CRAN).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://newjersey.news12.com/2026/05/20/millville-bans-data-centers-killing-largest-proposed-facility-in-new-jersey-history/77eDMHsKNvb6HkPeGLzLLN", "title": "Millville bans data centers, killing largest proposed NJ facility" }, { "url": "https://www.roi-nj.com/2026/05/20/tech/millville-bans-data-centers-rejecting-largest-proposed-facility-in-n-j/", "title": "Millville bans data centers" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-25" }, { "id": "maryland-utility-relief-act-signed-md-2026-05-12", "date": "2026-05-12", "jurisdiction": "Governor of Maryland (signed Utility RELIEF Act / HB 1532)", "state": "MD", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 38.9784, "lng": -76.4922, "action_type": [ "legislation", "utility_regulation" ], "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "signed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Gov. Wes Moore signed the Utility RELIEF Act, requiring data centers to cover the costs of their own grid/energy infrastructure upgrades rather than passing them to ratepayers. Part of a ~250-bill signing day (also signed the DECADE Act).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://governor.maryland.gov/news/press-releases/governor-moore-signs-landmark-legislation-lower-energy-costs-maryland-families-and-strengthen", "title": "Gov. Moore signs landmark energy legislation" }, { "url": "https://www.wypr.org/wypr-news/2026-05-12/marylands-utility-relief-act-becomes-law-key-cost-saving-measure-could-be-in-jeopardy", "title": "Maryland's Utility RELIEF Act becomes law" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-25" }, { "id": "new-jersey-statewide-moratorium-push-nj-2026-05-14", "date": "2026-05-14", "jurisdiction": "New Jersey (60+ groups petition Gov. Sherrill for statewide data center moratorium >=20 MW)", "state": "NJ", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 40.2989, "lng": -74.521, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "water", "environmental" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "filed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "60+ environmental, labor, and community groups (incl. CRAN, Pinelands Alliance) formally asked Gov. Mikie Sherrill to impose a statewide moratorium on new data centers >=20 MW, citing utility costs, water, and PFAS-cooling concerns. Not enacted. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'loss' per https://jerseyvindicator.org/2026/05/28/sherrill-unveils-statewide-plan-to-regulate-data-centers-in-new-jersey/.]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/05/14/60-groups-to-gov-sherrill-protect-new-jersey-from-data-centers/", "title": "60 groups to Gov. Sherrill: protect NJ from data centers" }, { "url": "https://www.inquirer.com/news/new-jersey/nj-new-data-centers-moratorium-governor-sherrill-utility-costs-20260518.html", "title": "NJ data center moratorium push to Gov. Sherrill" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-19" }, { "id": "new-jersey-ai-tax-credit-repeal-kenilworth-nj-2026-05-20", "date": "2026-05-20", "jurisdiction": "New Jersey (Democratic legislators announce AI data-center tax-credit repeal; Kenilworth CoreWeave protest), NJ", "state": "NJ", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 40.2989, "lng": -74.521, "action_type": [ "legislation", "other_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "community_impact" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "proposed", "company": "CoreWeave (Kenilworth project, backed by Nvidia)", "hyperscaler": "CoreWeave", "summary": "Three Democratic legislators announced a bill to repeal the state AI data-center tax credit (created under Murphy), amid residents protesting CoreWeave's planned $1.8B AI data center on the former Merck/NEST site in Kenilworth. The Kenilworth Planning Board had approved CoreWeave's 4-lot subdivision April 28.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://newjersey.news12.com/2026/05/20/residents-protest-kenilworth-data-center-as-lawmakers-look-to-eliminate-ai-tax-credits/2c0f3BN4lmmSjtLjm1C1N3", "title": "Residents protest Kenilworth data center as lawmakers eye tax-credit repeal" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-25" }, { "id": "new-york-s9144-moratorium-rally-ny-2026-05-13", "date": "2026-05-13", "jurisdiction": "New York State (S.9144A/A.10141 statewide moratorium bill amended; Albany rally & lobby day)", "state": "NY", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 42.6526, "lng": -73.7562, "action_type": [ "legislation", "other_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "environmental", "ratepayer" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "filed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "100+ New Yorkers, lawmakers, and advocacy groups rallied at the Capitol May 13 then lobbied ~50 legislative offices for the 3-year-plus moratorium bill (S.9144A / A.10141) on data centers >=20 MW, with a DEC generic environmental impact statement and PSC rate-impact study. Both bills were amended and recommitted to Environmental Conservation May 12 (S9144 reprinted as 9144A). Sponsors: Sen. Krueger / Sen. Gonzalez; Assembly companion A.10141. No floor vote.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/05/13/lawmakers-advocates-and-alarmed-new-yorkers-rally-for-ai-data-center-moratorium-bill/", "title": "Lawmakers and New Yorkers rally for AI data center moratorium bill" }, { "url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2025/S9144", "title": "NY S.9144 bill page" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-25" }, { "id": "schiff-energy-cost-fairness-reliability-act-us-2026-05-18", "date": "2026-05-18", "jurisdiction": "US Senate (Sen. Adam Schiff — Energy Cost Fairness and Reliability Act)", "state": "US", "scope": "federal", "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "introduced", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Sen. Adam Schiff (D-CA) introduced the Energy Cost Fairness and Reliability Act of 2026 on May 18, requiring large-load facilities over 50 MW (data centers and other major users) to pay the full cost of grid upgrades needed to serve them rather than shifting costs to residential ratepayers, and to provide demand flexibility, arrange new generation, and meet labor/reliability standards before connecting. The bill is S.4559 (119th Congress), referred to the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.schiff.senate.gov/news/press-releases/news-sen-schiff-unveils-major-legislation-to-ensure-fair-and-affordable-energy-costs-for-americans-amid-data-center-buildouts/", "title": "Sen. Schiff unveils legislation on energy costs amid data center buildouts" }, { "url": "https://www.eenews.net/articles/schiff-enters-data-center-fray-with-ratepayer-protection-bill/", "title": "Schiff enters data center fray with ratepayer-protection bill" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-06" }, { "id": "grid-act-hawley-blumenthal-us-2026-02-11", "date": "2026-02-11", "jurisdiction": "US Senate (Sens. Hawley R-MO & Blumenthal D-CT — GRID Act: Guaranteeing Rate Insulation from Data Centers)", "state": "US", "scope": "federal", "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "introduced", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Sens. Josh Hawley (R-MO) and Richard Blumenthal (D-CT) introduced the GRID Act (Guaranteeing Rate Insulation from Data Centers) on Feb 11, 2026, barring data-center-driven increases to consumers' utility bills, giving consumers grid priority, requiring new data centers to use power sources separate from the grid (10-year transition for existing facilities), and mandating public disclosure of electricity usage — a notable bipartisan ratepayer-protection measure (resurfaced in May 2026 coverage of the congressional fight). VERIFIED 2026-05-26: Bill number S.3852, referred to Senate Energy & Natural Resources; still in committee (no floor action). Consolidated a duplicate tracker entry.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.hawley.senate.gov/hawley-blumenthal-introduce-bill-to-prevent-data-centers-from-increasing-electricity-costs-for-americans/", "title": "Hawley, Blumenthal introduce bill to prevent data centers from raising electricity costs" }, { "url": "https://ctmirror.org/2026/02/26/blumenthal-data-bill-0224/", "title": "https://ctmirror.org/2026/02/26/blumenthal-data-bill-0224/" }, { "url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/3852/text", "title": "GRID Act (S.3852) text — congress.gov" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "north-carolina-sb-730-foreign-ownership-nc-2026-05", "date": "2026-06-08", "jurisdiction": "North Carolina General Assembly (SB 730 — closed-loop water + foreign-ownership ban for data centers)", "state": "NC", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 35.7596, "lng": -79.0193, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "issue_category": [ "water", "environmental", "transparency" ], "community_outcome": "mixed", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "North Carolina SB 730 cleared the House Energy Committee — would require closed-loop water cooling and prohibit foreign ownership of data centers. Reflects the 'China-as-scapegoat' framing appearing in several state bills. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: SB 730's short title is the \"Ratepayer Protection Act.\" It passed the Senate and was reported favorably from the House Energy & Public Utilities committee May 21, 2026 (re-referred to House Rules); it pairs large-load cost-based tariffs with closed-loop cooling and a ban on local subsidies. On June 4, 2026, the NC House passed SB 730 by 69-44 (largely party-line); it returns to the Senate. The bill bans local incentives for 100+ MW facilities, mandates sound-impact studies within 500 ft, requires 15-year electricity contracts with ratepayer cost-shift protections, and prohibits evaporative cooling (DEQ to write closed-loop/reclaimed-water rules by Sept 1) — but is bundled with energy language blocking Duke from retiring coal/gas plants until new nuclear is approved. On June 3, 2026, the NC House passed a rewritten version — retitled the 'Ratepayer Protection Act' — by 69-44, adding data center cost-causation rules, cooling restrictions (bans evaporative/open-loop for large facilities), noise/environmental reviews, and a mandate for more nuclear before retiring baseload plants, alongside the foreign-ownership land provisions (divest within 3 years if acquired after Dec 1, 2026). The bill went to the Senate, which is expected to reject the House version. The House-passed version (69-44, June 3) adds 15-year minimum contracts/minimum-billing terms and closed-loop cooling for 100 MW+ data centers, and returns to the Senate for concurrence before the governor. Critics (CleanAIRE NC, NCEJN) say the bill's bar on retiring baseload fossil plants until a 1,000 MW+ nuclear facility is built weakens oversight and benefits Duke Energy. Procedural: after the House passed its rewritten substitute 69-44 (June 3), the Senate received the message for concurrence June 8 and referred it to Rules; as of June 17 no concurrence vote had occurred, with the Senate widely expected to reject the House version (likely heading to conference). [Update 2026-06-22: Status refinement on NC Senate Bill 730 ('Ratepayer Protection Act'): the House passed it 69-44 on third reading June 3, 2026 (with a foreign-ownership ban targeting China/Russia/Iran/North Korea, 15-year minimum utility contracts for 100MW+ data centers, closed-loop cooling, and a provision barring the Utilities Commission from authorizing retirement of...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://webservices.ncleg.gov/ViewDocSiteFile/119260", "title": "North Carolina SB 730 document" }, { "url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/BillLookUp/2025/S730", "title": "NC SB 730 bill lookup" }, { "url": "https://www.wunc.org/politics/2026-05-21/nc-bill-data-center-regulations-local-governments-incentives", "title": "NC data center bill advances in House" }, { "url": "https://www.wfae.org/2026-06-04/nc-house-passes-data-center-regulation", "title": "NC House passes data center regulation" }, { "url": "https://www.wunc.org/politics/2026-06-04/nc-house-passes-data-center-regulation", "title": "NC House passes data center regulation" }, { "url": "https://ncnewsline.com/2026/06/03/nc-house-advances-bill-to-regulate-data-centers-require-more-nuclear-power/", "title": "NC House advances bill to regulate data centers, require more nuclear" }, { "url": "https://www.wral.com/news/nccapitol/data-center-nuclear-plant-duke-energy-price-bill-nc-june-2026/", "title": "Data center, nuclear, Duke Energy price bill" }, { "url": "https://www.carolinajournal.com/nc-house-passes-ratepayer-protection-act/", "title": "NC House passes Ratepayer Protection Act (Carolina Journal)" }, { "url": "https://cleanairenc.org/blog/2026/06/04/statement-sb-730-fails-ratepayers/", "title": "Senate Bill 730 Could Raise Costs for Customers and Weaken Oversight (CleanAIRE NC)" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-22" }, { "id": "south-dakota-sb-135-local-authority-sd-2026-03-25", "date": "2026-03-25", "jurisdiction": "South Dakota Legislature (SB 135 — bars state from limiting local authority to regulate/ban data centers)", "state": "SD", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 44.2998, "lng": -99.4388, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "signed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "South Dakota passed SB 135, barring the state from limiting local governments' authority to regulate or ban data centers — preserving local control, in contrast to preemption bills advancing in NH, WV, and elsewhere. VERIFIED 2026-05-26: Signed into law by Gov. Rhoden on March 25, 2026 (the \"Data Center Bill of Rights\") — corrected from an earlier mis-dated entry; preserves local control + adds water/power-cost protections.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://legiscan.com/SD/bill/SB135/2026", "title": "South Dakota SB135 — 2026 Regular Session (LegiScan)" }, { "url": "https://www.sdpb.org/politics/2026-03-25/rhoden-signs-data-center-bill-of-rights-bill", "title": "Rhoden signs Data Center Bill of Rights" }, { "url": "https://southdakotasearchlight.com/briefs/data-center-restrictions-signed-into-south-dakota-law-after-push-for-incentives-failed/", "title": "SD data center restrictions signed into law" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "ohio-ballot-initiative-data-center-ban-oh-2026-05", "date": "2026-06-19", "jurisdiction": "Ohio (statewide constitutional amendment initiative to ban data centers >25 MW)", "state": "OH", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 40.4173, "lng": -82.9071, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "delayed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "An Ohio statewide constitutional-amendment initiative to ban data centers larger than 25 MW is gathering signatures (needs 413,488 valid by July 1, 2026) for the November 2026 ballot. [Validation 2026-06-21: outcome -> 'loss' per https://ohiocapitaljournal.com/2026/06/19/ohio-proposed-constitutional-amendment-to-ban-data-centers-will-not-be-on-this-years-ballot/.] [Update 2026-06-22: On June 19, 2026 the grassroots group Conserve Ohio confirmed its proposed state constitutional amendment to ban data centers with a peak load over 25 MW/month will NOT appear on the November 2026 ballot, having missed the July 1, 2026 deadline. It needed 413,000+ valid signatures from at least 44 of 88 counties but had collected only about 70,000 (as of...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://ballotpedia.org/Ohio_Prohibition_of_Data_Center_Construction_Amendment_(2026)", "title": "Ohio Prohibition of Data Center Construction Amendment (2026)" }, { "url": "https://www.clevescene.com/news/ohio-news/ohio-proposed-constitutional-amendment-to-ban-data-centers-will-not-be-on-this-years-ballot/", "title": "Ohio Proposed Constitutional Amendment to Ban Data Centers Will Not Be on This Year's Ballot — Cleveland Scene" }, { "url": "https://businessjournaldaily.com/ohio-group-not-giving-up-fight-to-ban-data-centers/", "title": "Ohio Group Not Giving Up Fight to Ban Data Centers" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-22" }, { "id": "west-virginia-local-preemption-bill-wv-2026-05-18", "date": "2026-05-18", "jurisdiction": "West Virginia Legislature (bill affirming state control / limiting local authority over data centers)", "state": "WV", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 38.5976, "lng": -80.4549, "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "interim-committee-discussion", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "A West Virginia House bill affirming state control over data center siting and limiting local regulatory authority advanced — a loss for community/local-control advocates. CORRECTION 2026-05-26: This was a West Virginia House interim-committee DISCUSSION on May 19, 2026 (consensus to keep data center regulation at the state level under HB 2014's preemption) — NOT a passed bill. No bill was enacted.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wowktv.com/news/west-virginia/west-virginia-house-interims-data-center-policy-to-remain-part-of-state-authority/", "title": "West Virginia House interims: data center policy to remain part of state authority" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "texas-sid-miller-statewide-moratorium-call-tx-2026-05-20", "date": "2026-06-11", "jurisdiction": "Texas (Agriculture Commissioner Sid Miller calls for statewide data center moratorium)", "state": "TX", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 31.0, "lng": -100.0, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "farmland" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "proposed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Texas Agriculture Commissioner Sid Miller (R, statewide elected) called for a temporary statewide moratorium on data centers plus independent grid/water studies and subsidy transparency: 'let's just take a pause... We have no oversight, no guardrails, nothing.' Contrasts with Gov. Abbott's pro-buildout stance; Miller is partnering with Rep. Pete Sessions on federal 'Agriculture Freedom Zones' legislation. On June 2, 2026, Ag Commissioner Sid Miller (R) appeared with Democratic ag-commissioner nominee Clayton Tucker at a bipartisan forum hosted by Matagorda County Against Data Centers, reiterating his call for a temporary statewide moratorium on hyperscale data centers plus independent grid/water studies and farmland protections.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/texas-agriculture-commissioner-calls-pause-202649395.html", "title": "Texas Agriculture Commissioner calls for pause on data centers" }, { "url": "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/06/02/sid-miller-clayton-tucker-texas-data-center-forum/", "title": "Sid Miller, Clayton Tucker hold Texas data center forum" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-17" }, { "id": "north-dakota-olson-psc-moratorium-call-nd-2026-05-19", "date": "2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "North Dakota (PSC Republican primary candidate Chris Olson calls for statewide data center moratorium)", "state": "ND", "scope": "statewide", "lat": 47.5515, "lng": -101.002, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "proposed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "North Dakota Public Service Commission Republican primary candidate Chris Olson called for a statewide data-center moratorium until the 2027 legislative session sets a framework: 'the world is moving faster right now than the people of North Dakota can keep up with.' Primary June 9. [Validation 2026-06-19: outcome resolved to 'loss' per https://www.inforum.com/news/local/psc-election-results-announced.]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://northdakotamonitor.com/2026/05/19/republican-candidate-for-public-service-commission-calls-for-moratorium-on-data-center-development/", "title": "ND Republican PSC candidate calls for data center moratorium" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-19" }, { "id": "grafton-oh-2026-05-19", "date": "2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "Grafton", "state": "OH", "scope": "local", "county": "Lorain County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 41.2725, "lng": -82.0557, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "ordinance" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Grafton Village Council passed a 5-year moratorium on data centers after a community survey showed overwhelming opposition. Officials framed the ban as proactive, with no specific project on the table.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.news5cleveland.com/news/local-news/oh-lorain/were-just-being-proactive-this-small-lorain-county-town-is-banning-data-centers", "title": "'We're just being proactive': This small Lorain County town is banning data centers" }, { "url": "https://spectrumnews1.com/oh/columbus/news/2026/05/21/grafton-data-center-development", "title": "Grafton data center development" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "jackson-township-oh-2026-05-12", "date": "2026-05-12", "jurisdiction": "Jackson Township", "state": "OH", "scope": "local", "county": "Franklin County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 39.8748, "lng": -83.1108, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water" ], "community_outcome": "mixed", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Jackson Township (Franklin County, near Grove City) approved a 1-year data center moratorium via Resolution 2026-049. An annexation gap to the City of Grove City limits the moratorium's practical reach over nearby land.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.10tv.com/article/news/local/jackson-township-approves-1-year-data-center-moratorium/530-b8cddb38-1b51-412b-a97c-1f718112af08", "title": "Jackson Township approves 1-year data center moratorium" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "franklin-furnace-oh-2026-05-06", "date": "2026-05-06", "jurisdiction": "Franklin Furnace", "state": "OH", "scope": "local", "county": "Scioto County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 38.6209, "lng": -82.806, "action_type": [ "public_comment" ], "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water", "tax_incentive" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "hearing", "company": "Tilted Gate LLC", "hyperscaler": "Google", "summary": "The Ohio EPA Division of Surface Water held a public hearing on an Isolated Wetland permit for Google's (Tilted Gate LLC) $1B, 500,000 sq ft Franklin Furnace data center. Opposition cited Ohio River and wetland impacts plus traffic, while the project carries a 75% tax abatement over 15 years. [Validation 2026-06-21: outcome -> 'loss' per https://freepress.org/article/ohio-epa-approved-google-s-wetland-destruction-permit-over-community-never-stopped-saying.]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://sciotovalleyguardian.com/2026/05/04/ohio-epa-to-hold-public-meeting-wednesday-on-wetland-permit-for-googles-1-billion-franklin-furnace-data-center/", "title": "Ohio EPA to hold public meeting Wednesday on wetland permit for Google's $1 billion Franklin Furnace data center" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21" }, { "id": "jay-county-in-2026-05-11", "date": "2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "Jay County", "state": "IN", "scope": "local", "county": "Jay County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 40.4376, "lng": -85.0058, "action_type": [ "ordinance", "zoning_restriction" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "noise", "water", "design_standards" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Jay County approved two ordinances establishing among the strictest data center standards in the nation: a 1,000-ft property setback, 2,500-ft dwelling setback, 35-ft height cap, closed-loop cooling requirement, and a 50 dB noise limit. The rules also cover battery storage.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.thecr.com/news/rules-approved-for-data-centers-and-battery-storage/article_d1e08843-27f1-4d1a-8ef3-742607be0bad.html", "title": "Rules approved for data centers and battery storage" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "madison-in-2026-05-20", "date": "2026-05-20", "jurisdiction": "Madison", "state": "IN", "scope": "local", "county": "Jefferson County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 38.7359, "lng": -85.3797, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "approved", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "The Jefferson County Board of Zoning Appeals upheld heavy-industrial zoning for a 7.1M sq ft, 549-acre data center at the former Jefferson Proving Grounds. The board denied a resident appeal after a 5.5-hour hearing.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.whas11.com/article/news/local/indiana/commissioners-uphold-decision-data-center-550-acres-jefferson-proving-grounds/417-10524221-dc8a-4566-96db-ebcf4cf4bdc2", "title": "Commissioners uphold decision on data center at 550 acres of Jefferson Proving Grounds" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "laporte-in-2026-05-18", "date": "2026-05-18", "jurisdiction": "LaPorte", "state": "IN", "scope": "local", "county": "LaPorte County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 41.6106, "lng": -86.7228, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "public_comment" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "approved", "company": "Microsoft", "hyperscaler": "Microsoft", "summary": "The LaPorte Common Council weighed an annexation tied to a second Microsoft data center along Boyd Boulevard amid community opposition. The first Microsoft facility in LaPorte was a $1B, 245,000 sq ft project on 489 acres. UPDATE May 18, 2026: the Common Council approved annexing ~1,000 acres in Pleasant Township and rezoning to light industrial, clearing the way for a second Microsoft campus (11 more buildings atop 6 already under construction), with a $1M Microsoft payment to LaPorte schools.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://wsbt.com/news/local/data-center-land-annexation-vote-common-council-community-concern-oppose-against-microsoft-economic-development-boyd-boulevard-highway-35-county-road-250-laporte-indiana", "title": "Data center land annexation vote: LaPorte Common Council, community concern over Microsoft" }, { "url": "https://www.wndu.com/2026/05/19/laporte-common-council-votes-favor-second-microsoft-data-center-campus/", "title": "LaPorte Common Council votes for second Microsoft campus" }, { "url": "https://www.inkfreenews.com/2026/05/22/la-porte-approves-annexation-rezoning-for-second-microsoft-data-center/", "title": "La Porte approves annexation/rezoning for second Microsoft data center" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-28" }, { "id": "logan-county-il-2026-05-19", "date": "2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "Logan County", "state": "IL", "scope": "local", "county": "Logan County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 40.1255, "lng": -89.3656, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": "Hut 8", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "The Logan County Board approved a 12-month moratorium on large-scale data centers. Hut 8 had been considering a project in the county.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wandtv.com/news/illinois/logan-county-approves-12-month-moratorium-for-large-scale-data-centers/article_f7ce7baa-a688-4f16-a3a0-9940b8bec2eb.html", "title": "Logan County approves 12-month moratorium for large-scale data centers" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "henry-county-ia-2026-05-14", "date": "2026-05-14", "jurisdiction": "Henry County", "state": "IA", "scope": "local", "county": "Henry County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 40.9876, "lng": -91.5443, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Henry County imposed a moratorium, effective through December 31, halting data centers, large battery arrays, and data-mining sites while it drafts policy. The pause gives the county time to develop standards.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.southeastiowaunion.com/mt-pleasant/news/henry-county-imposes-moratorium-to-draft-policy-on-data-centers/article_f77b58eb-7ee3-498c-a16d-4e220d9da36e.html", "title": "Henry County imposes moratorium to draft policy on data centers" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "dickinson-county-ia-2026-05-19", "date": "2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "Dickinson County", "state": "IA", "scope": "local", "county": "Dickinson County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 43.3796, "lng": -95.1497, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Dickinson County Supervisors approved a 6-month data center moratorium on a 4-1 vote in the Iowa Great Lakes region. The pause allows the county to consider regulations.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kcau9.com/news/local-news/iowa-great-lakes-bureau/dickinson-county-supervisors-approve-moratorium-on-data-centers-in-the-county/", "title": "Dickinson County Supervisors approve moratorium on data centers in the county" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "dubuque-county-ia-2026-05-22", "date": "2026-05-26", "jurisdiction": "Dubuque County", "state": "IA", "scope": "local", "county": "Dubuque County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 42.469, "lng": -90.8815, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "public_comment" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Dubuque County supervisors are weighing a 120-day data center moratorium, with some preferring 6 months, after roughly 500 people attended a planning meeting. The Zoning Commission began its review May 19 and a vote was scheduled for May 26. RESOLVED May 26, 2026: at a special meeting supervisors voted 2-1 (Pothoff & McDonough yes; Kenniker no) to enact a full 12-month moratorium — Supervisor McDonough moved to extend the proposed 120-day pause to a year — halting all data center permits/zoning while staff draft regulations.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kcrg.com/2026/05/22/we-have-get-this-right-dubuque-county-supervisors-consider-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "'We have to get this right': Dubuque County supervisors consider data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.kwwl.com/news/dubuque-county-begins-talks-on-data-center-ordinances/article_7eb347b0-dbc5-4b28-a43d-1f29aaafb4be.html", "title": "Dubuque County begins talks on data center ordinances" }, { "url": "https://www.kcrg.com/2026/05/26/dubuque-county-passes-12-month-moratorium-data-centers/", "title": "Dubuque County passes 12-month data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.telegraphherald.com/news/breaking/article_03e1f032-b295-4708-a2bf-8eeda0a86da1.html", "title": "Dubuque County data center moratorium" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-28" }, { "id": "meridian-township-mi-2026-05-19", "date": "2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "Meridian Township", "state": "MI", "scope": "local", "county": "Ingham County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 42.7167, "lng": -84.4189, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Meridian Township (Ingham County) unanimously approved a 6-month data center moratorium as a proactive measure, with no proposals received. The township acted to give itself time to draft regulations.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.michiganpublic.org/politics-government/2026-05-20/why-one-michigan-township-just-rejected-data-centers-while-another-stays-open-to-them", "title": "Why one Michigan township just rejected data centers while another stays open to them" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "denver-co-2026-05-18", "date": "2026-05-18", "jurisdiction": "Denver", "state": "CO", "scope": "local", "county": "Denver County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 39.7392, "lng": -104.9903, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "ordinance" ], "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": "CoreSite", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Denver City Council voted unanimously (reported 26-0 across readings) for a 1-year moratorium on new data center permits through May 2027, with some members pushing for a permanent ban. CoreSite's roughly 600,000 sq ft Elyria-Swansea facility — using about 300M gallons of water per year and diesel gensets — was a driver, making Denver one of the largest US cities to pause.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://denverite.com/2026/05/18/denver-data-center-moratorium-passes-ban/", "title": "Denver data center moratorium passes" }, { "url": "https://www.planetizen.com/news/2026/05/137613-denver-bans-new-data-centers-one-year", "title": "Denver bans new data centers for one year" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "longmont-co-2026-05-19", "date": "2026-06-09", "jurisdiction": "Longmont", "state": "CO", "scope": "local", "county": "Boulder County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 40.1672, "lng": -105.1019, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Longmont is considering a ban on hyperscale data centers (100+ MW) amid energy and water concerns. A decision is expected around June 9. UPDATE May 19, 2026: Council gave initial approval 5-1 to the hyperscale ban ordinance (threshold ~70 MW — 5% of Platte River Power Authority nameplate — or 100 MW, whichever is lower). Final decision not expected before June 9. Longmont’s ordinance banning hyperscale data centers (≥100 MW peak demand) passed first reading 5-1 (~May 19-20); a final/second reading is expected as early as June 9. RESOLVED: On June 9, 2026 the Longmont City Council passed (6-1; Diane Crist dissenting) the final reading of an ordinance capping data center peak demand at the lower of 5% of Platte River Power Authority nameplate capacity or 100 MW — effectively barring hyperscale facilities.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.denver7.com/news/local-news/longmont-considers-ban-on-hyperscale-data-centers-amid-growing-energy-and-water-concerns", "title": "Longmont considers ban on hyperscale data centers amid growing energy and water concerns" }, { "url": "https://bizwest.com/2026/05/20/longmont-advances-ban-on-large-scale-data-centers/", "title": "Longmont advances ban on large-scale data centers" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-16" }, { "id": "harlingen-tx-2026-05-20", "date": "2026-05-20", "jurisdiction": "Harlingen", "state": "TX", "scope": "local", "county": "Cameron County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 26.1906, "lng": -97.6961, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Harlingen approved a 120-day moratorium on 'High-Intensity Data Processing Facilities' to study impacts on residents and resources. No data center proposals were pending at the time of the vote.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.krgv.com/news/harlingen-officials-approve-120-day-moratorium-to-study-impact-of-potential-data-centers/", "title": "Harlingen officials approve 120-day moratorium to study impact of potential data centers" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "red-oak-tx-2026-05-11", "date": "2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "Red Oak", "state": "TX", "scope": "local", "county": "Ellis County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 32.5179, "lng": -96.8047, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "tax_incentive", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "approved", "company": "Compass Datacenters", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Red Oak approved an 830-acre rezoning plus a tax abatement on a 4-1 vote for a second Compass Datacenters campus despite unanimous public opposition and 1,600+ petition signatures. The Planning & Zoning board had recommended against the project.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.dallasnews.com/business/energy/article/red-oak-approves-data-center-rezoning-22252872.php", "title": "Red Oak approves data center rezoning" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "somervell-county-tx-2026-05-11", "date": "2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "Somervell County", "state": "TX", "scope": "local", "county": "Somervell County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 32.2235, "lng": -97.7747, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "environmental" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Somervell County (Glen Rose, near Dinosaur Valley State Park) passed a resolution opposing new data centers until the state acts. The action is tied to a roughly 2,100-acre complex with a gas plant, and a prior local moratorium had been voted down.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.keranews.org/energy-environment/2026-05-12/oppose-expand-votes-in-2-north-texas-communities-highlight-a-divide-over-data-center-growth", "title": "'Oppose,' 'expand': Votes in 2 North Texas communities highlight a divide over data center growth" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "fort-worth-tx-2026-05-19", "date": "2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "Fort Worth", "state": "TX", "scope": "local", "county": "Tarrant County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 32.7555, "lng": -97.3308, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "public_comment" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "postponed to June 23", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Fort Worth postponed a site-plan vote on a $10B Black Mountain data center development to June 23 amid community concerns. The delay extends the review of the large southeast Fort Worth project. UPDATE: the Black Mountain site-plan vote (187-acre southeast Fort Worth project) was postponed to June 23, 2026; the developer is also expected back in June to rezone ~80 more acres.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.star-telegram.com/news/local/fort-worth/article315732235.html", "title": "Fort Worth postpones data center site-plan vote" }, { "url": "https://fortworthreport.org/2026/04/13/data-center-moves-forward-after-fort-worth-zoning-commission-vote/", "title": "Fort Worth zoning commission vote on data center" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-28" }, { "id": "lufkin-tx-2026-05-19", "date": "2026-06-10", "jurisdiction": "Lufkin", "state": "TX", "scope": "local", "county": "Angelina County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 31.3382, "lng": -94.7291, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "transparency" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "ongoing", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "At a Lufkin council meeting, residents clashed with city leaders over data centers. A speaker was removed and 'vote them out' protests followed after the mayor shut down public comment. [Update 2026-06-22: On Tuesday, June 10, 2026, dozens of East Texans packed the Angelina County Commissioners Court meeting demanding answers about Denver-based AmpZ Champion Data Center Holdings' proposed multi-gigawatt facility on 1,000+ acres on State Highway 103 East near Lufkin (the former Southland/Champion paper mill site). County Judge Keith Wright told residents...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.lufkindailynews.com/news/local/vote-them-out-protesters-clash-with-lufkin-leaders-over-ai-data-centers/article_4c78ea61-0d25-5260-b5c1-2263a49ce8dd.html", "title": "'Vote them out': Protesters clash with Lufkin leaders over AI data centers" }, { "url": "https://www.kwtx.com/2026/06/10/east-texas-county-judge-urges-state-lawmakers-help-locals-combat-data-center-proliferation/", "title": "East Texas county judge urges state lawmakers to help locals combat data center proliferation - KWTX" }, { "url": "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/06/09/east-texas-data-center-gets-community-pushback/", "title": "East Texas data center gets pushback from community - Texas Tribune" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-22" }, { "id": "crowell-quanah-tx-2026-05-21", "date": "2026-05-21", "jurisdiction": "Crowell & Quanah", "state": "TX", "scope": "local", "county": "Foard County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 33.9851, "lng": -99.727, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "water", "community_impact" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "ongoing", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "Residents in Crowell (Foard County) and Quanah (Hardeman County) raised alarms that a proposed data center project would exhaust scarce local water supplies, warning the area could be left 'out of water.' Concerns span both small North Texas towns.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.texomashomepage.com/news/crowell-quanah-residents-voice-data-center-project-fears/", "title": "Crowell, Quanah residents voice data center project fears" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "pocatello-id-2026-05-14", "date": "2026-05-18", "jurisdiction": "Pocatello", "state": "ID", "scope": "local", "county": "Bannock County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 42.8713, "lng": -112.4455, "action_type": [ "permit_denial" ], "issue_category": [ "water", "zoning" ], "community_outcome": "win", "status": "denied", "company": "Lex Developments", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "A Pocatello hearing examiner denied a conditional-use permit for a data center on the former Hoku polysilicon site (about $2.26B projected), citing insufficient water and design detail. The developer, Lex Developments, vowed to return within a 14-day appeal window.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.idahostatejournal.com/news/local/pocatello-hearing-examiner-denies-hoku-site-data-center-permit-but-lex-developments-vows-return/article_c80a0e12-3fe8-4ed0-b755-89321377a95d.html", "title": "Pocatello hearing examiner denies Hoku site data center permit, but Lex Developments vows return" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-21" }, { "id": "mesa-az-2026-05-18", "date": "2026-05-18", "jurisdiction": "Mesa", "state": "AZ", "scope": "local", "county": "Maricopa County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 33.4152, "lng": -111.8315, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "public_comment" ], "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "grid_energy" ], "community_outcome": "pending", "status": "pending", "company": "NTT Global Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "A 2.3M sq ft NTT Global Data Centers campus in southeast Mesa passed its first Planning & Zoning review. A City Council vote was set for June 8.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.themesatribune.com/news/big-data-center-in-se-mesa-passes-first-review/article_91081b9b-d2d1-47f6-91d2-b600115e4a55.html", "title": "Big data center in SE Mesa passes first review" } ], "last_updated": "2026-06-18" }, { "id": "pittsburg-county-ok-2026-05-14", "date": "2026-05-14", "jurisdiction": "Pittsburg County", "state": "OK", "scope": "local", "county": "Pittsburg County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 34.9226, "lng": -95.7497, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "other_opposition" ], "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "community_outcome": "loss", "status": "recommended", "company": "IREN", "hyperscaler": null, "summary": "A Pittsburg County committee endorsed an 85% tax-abatement deal for IREN's 'Project Emerald' — a $50B, 1.2 GW, 2,000-acre data center near Kiowa. Critics noted the project is projected to create only about 40 jobs per phase.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://nondoc.com/2026/05/14/pittsburg-county-committee-endorses-deal-tied-to-2000-acre-50-billion-data-center-site/", "title": "Pittsburg County committee endorses deal tied to 2,000-acre, $50 billion data center site" } ], "last_updated": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "camden-county-ga-2026-05-05", "jurisdiction": "Camden County", "state": "GA", "county": "Camden County", "lat": 30.9272, "lng": -81.6334, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-05-05", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Camden County became the first county on the Georgia coast to adopt a 6-month data center moratorium on May 5, 2026. A rezoning tied to businessman Kirk Tovey's project was rescinded, and the commander of the nearby Kings Bay Navy submarine base objected to a proposed data center site.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wabe.org/camden-becomes-first-county-on-the-coast-to-adopt-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Camden becomes first county on the coast to adopt data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.gpb.org/news/2026/05/06/camden-becomes-first-county-on-the-coast-adopt-data-center-moratorium", "title": "Camden becomes first county on the coast to adopt data center moratorium" } ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "augusta-ga-2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "Augusta", "state": "GA", "county": "Richmond County", "lat": 33.4735, "lng": -82.0105, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "study_or_report" ], "date": "2026-06-02", "status": "passed", "company": "QTS", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Augusta (Richmond County) is moving toward a data center moratorium pending the development of new zoning rules. QTS has ongoing data center activity in the area, and officials are weighing a pause while standards are drafted. On June 2, 2026, the Augusta Commission approved a 49-day pause on new data center projects to draft zoning rules — but it explicitly exempts the contested QTS campus off Gordon Highway in the Haynes Station area that drove resident opposition.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://theaugustapress.com/augusta-moves-toward-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Augusta moves toward data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://theaugustapress.com/augusta-approves-data-center-moratorium-2b-project-marches-on/", "title": "Augusta approves data center moratorium; $2B project marches on" }, { "url": "https://www.wrdw.com/2026/06/02/augustans-urge-city-leaders-put-data-centers-hold/", "title": "Augustans urge city leaders to put data centers on hold" } ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "boiling-spring-lakes-nc-2026-05-14", "jurisdiction": "Boiling Spring Lakes", "state": "NC", "county": "Brunswick County", "lat": 34.0299, "lng": -78.0664, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-05-14", "status": "proposed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Boiling Spring Lakes (Brunswick County) proposed a 12-month data center moratorium in May 2026. A public hearing on the measure was scheduled for June 2.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wect.com/2026/05/14/data-center-moratorium-proposed-boiling-spring-lakes/", "title": "Data center moratorium proposed in Boiling Spring Lakes" } ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "environmental" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "hoover-al-2026-05-11", "jurisdiction": "Hoover", "state": "AL", "county": "Jefferson County", "lat": 33.4054, "lng": -86.8114, "action_type": [ "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-05-11", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Hoover City Council approved an ordinance in May 2026 requiring case-by-case council review of future data center projects rather than allowing them by-right. The measure gives the city discretionary control over whether to permit individual proposals.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://abc3340.com/news/local/hoover-city-council-oks-ordinance-to-review-future-data-center-projects-may-2026", "title": "Hoover City Council OKs ordinance to review future data center projects" } ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "irondale-al-2026-05-20", "jurisdiction": "Irondale", "state": "AL", "county": "Jefferson County", "lat": 33.5384, "lng": -86.708, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "date": "2026-05-20", "status": "ongoing", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Irondale city leaders said in May 2026 that the city is not pursuing data centers, following community opposition voiced at a public discussion. Officials moved to reassure residents that no data center projects were being courted.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wbrc.com/2026/05/21/irondale-leaders-say-city-is-not-pursuing-data-centers-after-community-discussion/", "title": "Irondale leaders say city is not pursuing data centers after community discussion" } ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "alachua-fl-2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "Alachua", "state": "FL", "county": "Alachua County", "lat": 29.7547, "lng": -82.4248, "action_type": [ "public_comment", "other_opposition" ], "date": "2026-05-19", "status": "ongoing", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Residents pressed the Alachua city commission in May 2026 over a rumored data center at Phoenix Commercial Park, a roughly 104-acre site. They raised concerns about resource use and a lack of transparency around the project.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.mainstreetdailynews.com/govt-politics/residents-raise-ai-data-center-concerns-in-alachua", "title": "Residents raise AI data center concerns in Alachua" } ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "water", "community_impact", "transparency" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "desoto-county-fl-2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "DeSoto County", "state": "FL", "county": "DeSoto County", "lat": 27.1875, "lng": -81.8089, "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "date": "2026-05-19", "status": "pending", "company": "DCIP Group", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "DeSoto County is endorsing a massive data center complex by DCIP Group spanning up to 1,300 acres and roughly 4,000 MW, amid community backlash. Residents have pushed back against the scale of the proposal and its resource demands.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://thebradentontimes.com/stories/developers-push-massive-data-center-complex-in-desoto-county-amid-backlash,198154", "title": "Developers push massive data center complex in DeSoto County amid backlash" } ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "henrico-county-va-2026-05-18", "jurisdiction": "Henrico County", "state": "VA", "county": "Henrico County", "lat": 37.5407, "lng": -77.436, "action_type": [ "infrastructure_opposition", "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-05-18", "status": "pending", "company": "QTS", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "QTS filed in May 2026 for a 1,100-acre, 17-building expansion of its Henrico data center hub near White Oak Technology Park (nearly 8 million sq ft total, adding roughly 370 diesel backup generators), drawing resident and official scrutiny over emissions and grid impact at a May 19, 2026 meeting. The expansion would proceed under Henrico's stricter data center rules — adopted June 10, 2025, which eliminated by-right approval and now require a provisional-use permit and public hearing for any new data center anywhere in the county. No Board of Supervisors vote on the 2026 QTS expansion has been publicly scheduled or confirmed as of this update.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://richmondbizsense.com/2026/05/18/data-center-giant-qts-preparing-1100-acre-expansion-that-would-add-17-buildings-to-its-henrico-hub/", "title": "Data center giant QTS preparing 1,100-acre expansion that would add 17 buildings to its Henrico hub" }, { "url": "https://www.wtvr.com/news/local-news/henrico-county/residents-push-back-qts-data-center-expansion-may-19-2026", "title": "Residents push back on QTS data center expansion" }, { "url": "https://www.gorva.com/blog/Henrico-supervisors-defer-votes-on-proposed-data-center-rule-changes", "title": "Henrico supervisors defer votes on data center rule changes" } ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-06-07", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "flags": [ { "type": "status_uncertain", "note": "A prior version of this entry listed a June 10, 2026 BoS vote on the QTS expansion. Verification (two research agents + nysenate/gorva/RichmondBizSense) found that 'June 10' refers to the June 10, 2025 adoption of countywide data center regulations, not a 2026 vote on the QTS expansion. No 2026 BoS date confirmed.", "added": "2026-06-07" } ] }, { "id": "daviess-county-ky-2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "Daviess County", "state": "KY", "county": "Daviess County", "lat": 37.7333, "lng": -87.0958, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-05-28", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Daviess County (Owensboro) Fiscal Court is considering a 1-year moratorium on data center applications, with the first reading held in May 2026. The pause would give the county time to develop regulations before new projects proceed. RESOLVED May 28, 2026: the Daviess County Fiscal Court voted unanimously to approve the 12-month moratorium on data center applications, directing the Owensboro Metropolitan Planning Commission to study impacts. The City of Owensboro can opt out for projects within city limits.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.owensborotimes.com/news/2026/05/daviess-county-fiscal-court-to-consider-1-year-moratorium-on-data-center-applications/", "title": "Daviess County Fiscal Court to consider 1-year moratorium on data center applications" }, { "url": "https://www.14news.com/2026/05/29/daviess-co-fiscal-court-approves-moratorium-data-center-applications/", "title": "Daviess Co. Fiscal Court approves data center moratorium" } ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-28", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "mason-county-wv-2026-05-24", "jurisdiction": "Mason County", "state": "WV", "county": "Mason County", "lat": 38.8434, "lng": -82.0843, "action_type": [ "infrastructure_opposition" ], "date": "2026-05-24", "status": "ongoing", "company": "Fidelis New Energy", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Construction of the Monarch Compute Campus (Fidelis New Energy / 8090 Industries) caused severe flooding for Mason County residents in May 2026. The developer agreed to cover remediation costs for affected property owners.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wsaz.com/2026/05/24/data-center-construction-causes-severe-flooding-mason-county-residents-be-reimbursed/", "title": "Data center construction causes severe flooding; Mason County residents to be reimbursed" } ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "ridgeland-ms-2026-05-15", "jurisdiction": "Ridgeland", "state": "MS", "county": "Madison County", "lat": 32.4282, "lng": -90.132, "action_type": [ "utility_regulation", "regulatory_action" ], "date": "2026-05-15", "status": "pending", "company": "Prado AI", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "At the Mississippi PSC (Docket 2026-AD-10), Entergy Mississippi and Mississippi Power oppose Prado AI's request for a landlord-tenant exemption to self-supply a 350-MW gas plant for a Ridgeland AI data center and semiconductor fab. The utilities argue the arrangement would make Prado a public utility; a PSC opinion was expected around June 1.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://mississippitoday.org/2026/04/22/ridgeland-data-center-entergy-mississippi-power/", "title": "Ridgeland data center: Entergy Mississippi, Mississippi Power object to self-supply plan" } ], "data_source": "manual_research", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "morris-ct-2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "Morris", "state": "CT", "county": "Litchfield County", "lat": 41.6884, "lng": -73.1834, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-05-19", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Town of Morris (Litchfield County) approved a 2-year moratorium on data centers and battery storage to protect farmland and rural character.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nhregister.com/connecticut/article/morris-connecticut-data-center-moratorium-farmland-22270014.php", "title": "Morris, Connecticut approves data center moratorium to protect farmland" } ], "data_source": "batch8_northeast_midatlantic", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "farmland" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "roselle-park-nj-2026-05-21", "jurisdiction": "Roselle Park", "state": "NJ", "county": "Union County", "lat": 40.6645, "lng": -74.2643, "action_type": [ "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-05-21", "status": "proposed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Roselle Park introduced Ordinance 2860 (first reading) to prohibit data centers in all zoning districts, tied to transparency concerns about the neighboring Kenilworth CoreWeave project.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.tapinto.net/towns/roselle-park/articles/roselle-park-moves-to-ban-data-centers-seeks-answers-on-kenilworth-project", "title": "Roselle Park Moves to Ban Data Centers, Seeks Answers on Kenilworth Project" } ], "data_source": "batch8_northeast_midatlantic", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "transparency" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "union-township-nj-2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "Union Township", "state": "NJ", "county": "Union County", "lat": 40.6976, "lng": -74.2632, "action_type": [ "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-05-19", "status": "proposed", "company": "CoreWeave", "hyperscaler": "CoreWeave", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Union Township advanced (first reading) an ordinance prohibiting AI data centers in all districts, reacting to CoreWeave's $1.8B facility in adjacent Kenilworth. UPDATE: the first-reading vote prohibiting AI data centers in all zoning districts was unanimous; driven by opposition to CoreWeave's planned facility at the former Merck property.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.tapinto.net/towns/union/sections/government/articles/union-advances-ban-on-ai-data-centers", "title": "Union Advances Ban on AI Data Centers" } ], "data_source": "batch8_northeast_midatlantic", "last_updated": "2026-05-28", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "mount-carmel-township-pa-2026-05-14", "jurisdiction": "Mount Carmel Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Northumberland County", "lat": 40.7889, "lng": -76.4116, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-05-14", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Mount Carmel Township passed a 180-day data center moratorium before 100+ residents, to upgrade zoning.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://newsitem.com/news/local/mount-carmel-township-enacts-180-day-moratorium-on-data-center-proposals-to-upgrade-zoning/article_a4d04477-9509-4b5b-97bd-d30598b04cee.html", "title": "Mount Carmel Township enacts 180-day moratorium on data center proposals to upgrade zoning" } ], "data_source": "batch8_northeast_midatlantic", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "sanford-me-2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "Sanford", "state": "ME", "county": "York County", "lat": 43.4392, "lng": -70.7742, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-05-19", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Sanford approved a 91-day emergency data center moratorium (pursuing 180 days), immediately halting a 1,000-acre Mousam River development.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.pressherald.com/2026/05/19/sanford-imposes-emergency-data-center-moratorium-halting-mousam-river-project/", "title": "Sanford imposes emergency data center moratorium, halting Mousam River project" } ], "data_source": "batch8_northeast_midatlantic", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "environmental" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "lysander-ny-2026-05-07", "jurisdiction": "Lysander", "state": "NY", "county": "Onondaga County", "lat": 43.1862, "lng": -76.2941, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-05-07", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Town of Lysander (Onondaga County) approved a 6-month data center moratorium (through approximately November 6) after residents spoke nearly unanimously against a project proposal.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.informnny.com/news/local-news/lysander-board-approves-six-month-data-center-moratorium-residents-speak-out-against-project-proposal/", "title": "Lysander board approves six-month data center moratorium; residents speak out against project proposal" } ], "data_source": "batch8_northeast_midatlantic", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "franklin-county-pa-2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "Franklin County", "state": "PA", "county": "Franklin County", "lat": 39.9279, "lng": -77.7211, "action_type": [ "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-05-19", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Franklin County approved a data center ordinance (a SALDO amendment) setting standards for municipalities without their own zoning, after months of debate and 100+ public comments.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.fox43.com/article/news/local/franklin-county/franklin-county-approves-data-center-ordinance-after-months-of-public-debate/521-5987b953-b21d-4297-b917-8a95bfe5c163", "title": "Franklin County approves data center ordinance after months of public debate" } ], "data_source": "batch8_northeast_midatlantic", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "south-annville-township-pa-2026-05-13", "jurisdiction": "South Annville Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Lebanon County", "lat": 40.3097, "lng": -76.5341, "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal" ], "date": "2026-05-13", "status": "withdrawn", "company": "Inch & Co. / Eastern Land & Resources", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "A $1.7B data center project (5 x 150,000 sq ft; developer 1235 Martina Drive Owner LLC / Inch & Co. / Eastern Land & Resources) was scrapped in South Annville Township after grassroots opposition (500+ signatures); the planning commission had voted against it May 5.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://lebtown.com/2026/05/13/south-annville-twp-data-center-project-scrapped-after-grass-roots-opposition/", "title": "South Annville Twp. data center project scrapped after grass-roots opposition" } ], "data_source": "batch8_northeast_midatlantic", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "towamencin-township-pa-2026-05-06", "jurisdiction": "Towamencin Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Montgomery County", "lat": 40.2456, "lng": -75.3393, "action_type": [ "ordinance", "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-05-06", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Towamencin Township unanimously adopted data center regulations: conditional use only, bans groundwater use, requires closed-loop cooling, and bars siting abutting residential.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://northpennnow.com/news/2026/may/06/towamencin-board-adopts-data-center-regulations/", "title": "Towamencin board adopts data center regulations" } ], "data_source": "batch8_northeast_midatlantic", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "noise" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "exeter-borough-pa-2026-05-06", "jurisdiction": "Exeter Borough", "state": "PA", "county": "Luzerne County", "lat": 41.3231, "lng": -75.8205, "action_type": [ "ordinance", "zoning_restriction" ], "date": "2026-05-06", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Exeter Borough (Luzerne County) approved a data center zoning amendment allowing them only as a conditional use, with a 500-ft setback and 60-ft height cap.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.timesleader.com/news/1740939/exeter-borough-council-approves-data-center-zoning-amendment", "title": "Exeter Borough Council approves data center zoning amendment" } ], "data_source": "batch8_northeast_midatlantic", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "noise" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed" }, { "id": "dorrance-township-pa-2026-05-07", "jurisdiction": "Dorrance Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Luzerne County", "lat": 41.0853, "lng": -75.8338, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-05-06", "status": "denied", "company": "Brewster Land Company", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Dorrance Township zoning hearing board unanimously denied a challenge (by Brewster Land Company) arguing the township's ordinance unlawfully excluded data centers; an appeal is expected.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.timesleader.com/news/1741051/dorrance-twp-zoning-hearing-board-finds-ordinance-did-not-exclude-data-centers", "title": "Dorrance Twp. zoning hearing board finds ordinance did not exclude data centers" } ], "data_source": "batch8_northeast_midatlantic", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "middlesex-township-pa-2026-05-07", "jurisdiction": "Middlesex Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Cumberland County", "lat": 40.2237, "lng": -77.1733, "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "lawsuit" ], "date": "2026-05-07", "status": "approved", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Middlesex Township supervisors unanimously approved land development for the 'PAX-1' data center; an attorney announced a spot-zoning legal challenge.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.pennlive.com/news/2026/05/huge-data-center-gets-approvals-in-middlesex-township-a-likely-legal-challenge-too.html", "title": "Huge data center gets approvals in Middlesex Township - a likely legal challenge too" } ], "data_source": "batch8_northeast_midatlantic", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "amwell-township-pa-2026-05-15", "jurisdiction": "Amwell Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Washington County", "lat": 40.0473, "lng": -80.1153, "action_type": [ "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-05-15", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Amwell Township (Washington County) supervisors tabled a vote on a data center ordinance.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.observer-reporter.com/news/local-news/2026/may/15/amwell-supervisors-table-vote-on-data-center-ordinance/", "title": "Amwell supervisors table vote on data center ordinance" }, { "url": "https://www.heraldstandard.com/news/local_news/2026/may/19/amwell-supervisors-table-vote-on-data-center-ordinance/", "title": "Amwell supervisors table vote on data center ordinance" } ], "data_source": "batch8_northeast_midatlantic", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "south-londonderry-township-pa-2026-05-14", "jurisdiction": "South Londonderry Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Lebanon County", "lat": 40.2773, "lng": -76.5825, "action_type": [ "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-05-14", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "South Londonderry Township authorized advertisement of a revised data center ordinance; next meeting June 9.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://lebtown.com/2026/05/14/south-londonderry-authorizes-revised-data-center-ordinance-for-advertisement/", "title": "South Londonderry authorizes revised data center ordinance for advertisement" } ], "data_source": "batch8_northeast_midatlantic", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "south-whitehall-township-pa-2026-05-12", "jurisdiction": "South Whitehall Township", "state": "PA", "county": "Lehigh County", "lat": 40.5734, "lng": -75.551, "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-05-12", "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Parkland School District flagged concerns about 'Project Atlas' - a proposed 5.1M sq ft data center with 356 diesel generators across from Parkland High School in South Whitehall Township.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://lehighdaily.com/parkland-school-district-discusses-concerns-for-proposed-atlas-data-center-near-high-school/", "title": "Parkland School District discusses concerns for proposed Atlas data center near high school" } ], "data_source": "batch8_northeast_midatlantic", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "noise", "community_impact" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "smithfield-ri-2026-05-07", "jurisdiction": "Smithfield", "state": "RI", "county": "Providence County", "lat": 41.9223, "lng": -71.5478, "action_type": [ "ordinance" ], "date": "2026-05-07", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Smithfield Town Council approved an ordinance making data centers 'not permitted' in all zoning districts.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.aol.com/news/smithfield-town-council-approves-ordinance-212348148.html", "title": "Smithfield Town Council approves ordinance banning data centers" } ], "data_source": "batch8_northeast_midatlantic", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "montgomery-county-md-2026-05-06", "jurisdiction": "Montgomery County", "state": "MD", "county": "Montgomery County", "lat": 39.1547, "lng": -77.2405, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-05-06", "status": "proposed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Montgomery County Council member Evan Glass introduced Bill 19-26, a 6-month data center permit freeze (hearing June 16), covering a 360 MW campus proposed at a former coal plant.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://bethesdamagazine.com/2026/05/06/the-urgency-is-real-glass-introduces-bill-to-halt-data-center-permits/", "title": "'The urgency is real': Glass introduces bill to halt data center permits" } ], "data_source": "batch8_northeast_midatlantic", "last_updated": "2026-05-26", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending" }, { "id": "seattle-wa-2026-05-21", "jurisdiction": "Seattle", "state": "WA", "county": "King County", "lat": 47.6062, "lng": -122.3321, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "date": "2026-06-09", "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Seattle is advancing a proposed 1-year moratorium on large new data centers (committee briefings May 21, council vote approximately June 3); 4 companies / 5 facilities totaling approximately 369 MW had approached Seattle City Light. On June 3, 2026, two Seattle council committees advanced the 1-year moratorium and an accompanying resolution; the full Council vote is set for June 9. Notably, two of the four companies that approached Seattle City Light have withdrawn their data center proposals. On June 3, Seattle's Land Use and Parks/City Light committees voted unanimously to advance the emergency one-year moratorium (new data centers ≥ 10 MW), with the full council vote scheduled June 9 and widely described as a formality. RESOLVED: On June 9, 2026 the Seattle City Council voted 9-0 to pass an emergency one-year moratorium on new large data centers (>20 MVA requiring uninterrupted power), with a possible ~6-month extension, plus companion policy-framework Resolution 32204. The trigger: the city utility flagged five proposed projects that together would need over a third of Seattle's power capacity; the council cited 98,000+ emails.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kuow.org/stories/seattle-could-ban-big-new-data-centers-for-one-year", "title": "Seattle could ban big new data centers for one year" }, { "url": "https://council.seattle.gov/2026/04/30/councilmembers-introducing-moratorium-on-data-centers-in-seattle/", "title": "Councilmembers introducing moratorium on data centers in Seattle" }, { "url": "https://www.theurbanist.org/seattle-advances-data-center-moratorium-amid-public-backlash/", "title": "Seattle advances data center moratorium amid public backlash" }, { "url": "https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/artificial-intelligence/seattle-to-pass-one-year-ai-data-center-moratorium-next-week-will-use-window-to-study-community-impact-of-ai-buildouts", "title": "Seattle to pass one-year AI data center moratorium" } ], "data_source": "batch8_northeast_midatlantic", "last_updated": "2026-06-16", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win" }, { "id": "federal-epa-begin-actual-construction-nsr-rule-2026-05-28", "jurisdiction": "US EPA (Clean Air Act NSR 'Begin Actual Construction' proposed rule)", "state": "US", "county": null, "lat": null, "lng": null, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "public_comment" ], "date": "2026-06-29", "status": "proposed rule; public hearing held", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "EPA proposed redefining 'Begin Actual Construction' under the Clean Air Act New Source Review program to let data centers, gas plants, and factories start building non-emitting components (concrete pads, utility infrastructure, certain buildings, wiring) before obtaining air permits. Administrator Lee Zeldin framed it as supporting AI infrastructure; coverage names Amazon, Meta, Microsoft, and Google as beneficiaries. Docket EPA-HQ-OAR-2025-0618; a virtual public hearing was held May 28, 2026, with comments due June 29, 2026. The EPA's proposed NSR 'begin actual construction' rule (which would let developers build non-emitting components before obtaining an air permit, expediting data-center/power-plant buildouts) remains open for public comment through June 29, 2026.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://insideclimatenews.org/news/11052026/epa-proposes-looser-construction-rules-for-gas-plants-data-centers/", "title": "EPA proposes looser construction rules for gas plants, data centers" }, { "url": "https://www.eenews.net/articles/epa-plan-would-let-work-start-on-data-centers-power-plants-before-air-permits-2/", "title": "EPA plan would let work start on data centers, power plants before air permits" }, { "url": "https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/data-center-construction/how-the-epa-s-new-rules-could-spark-backlash-for-data-centers", "title": "How the EPA's new rules could spark backlash for data centers" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-28", "last_updated": "2026-06-16", "scope": "federal", "county_lean": null, "issue_category": [ "air_quality", "environmental", "transparency" ], "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "loss" }, { "id": "jackson-county-fl-moratorium-2026-05-26", "county": "Jackson County", "lat": 30.7744, "lng": -85.2266, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed (first hearing)", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On May 26, 2026, Jackson County commissioners passed a one-year moratorium on AI data centers — proactive, with no project yet proposed — to research impacts and draft local rules before any proposal arrives. Residents cited rural character and natural-resource concerns. Two public hearings are required; the first is set for June 9.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wctv.tv/2026/05/26/jackson-county-commissioners-vote-moratorium-ai-data-centers/", "title": "Jackson County commissioners vote moratorium on AI data centers" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-28", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "water", "grid_energy" ], "jurisdiction": "Jackson County (1-year AI data center moratorium), FL", "state": "FL", "date": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "walton-county-fl-ban-draft-2026-05-27", "county": "Walton County", "lat": 30.7211, "lng": -86.1155, "action_type": [ "ordinance" ], "status": "5-0 to draft ban", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On May 27, 2026, the Walton County Commission voted 5-0 to instruct legal staff to draft an ordinance prohibiting AI data centers entirely, citing fear of state preemption/grandfathering and water-use concerns. No project has been proposed (proactive). A first reading is set for June 9.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wjhg.com/2026/05/28/walton-county-commission-votes-write-up-ban-ai-data-centers/", "title": "Walton County Commission votes to write up ban on AI data centers" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-28", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "water", "community_impact", "zoning" ], "jurisdiction": "Walton County (directs staff to draft outright AI data center ban), FL", "state": "FL", "date": "2026-05-27" }, { "id": "charlotte-nc-citywide-moratorium-hearing-2026-05-27", "county": "Mecklenburg County", "lat": 35.2271, "lng": -80.8431, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "public_comment" ], "status": "passed", "company": "Digital Realty / PowerHouse / American Towers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 6000, "summary": "On May 27, 2026, Charlotte City Council held a public hearing on a proposed 150-day citywide data center moratorium; roughly 36 speakers, mostly opposed, demanded onsite renewables, water-use limits, special-use permits for hyperscale facilities, and impact assessments. The moratorium would cover pending projects including Digital Realty's ~400 MW campus north of Charlotte Douglas Airport, PowerHouse's 300 MW University City project, and American Towers' Hood Road expansion (6,000+ signature petition against). Council vote scheduled June 8. The Charlotte City Council vote on the 150-day citywide data center moratorium is scheduled for June 8, 2026. RESOLVED: On June 8, 2026 the Charlotte City Council voted 11-0 to enact a 150-day citywide moratorium on new data centers (through ~Nov 5, 2026); already-approved projects are exempt. Charlotte is the largest US city to adopt a data center moratorium to date.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wfae.org/energy-environment/2026-05-27/charlotte-residents-demand-moratorium-on-data-centers-during-public-hearing", "title": "Charlotte residents demand moratorium on data centers during public hearing" }, { "url": "https://www.axios.com/local/charlotte/2026/05/11/data-center-moratorium-city-council-ai-150", "title": "Charlotte weighs 150-day data center moratorium" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-28", "last_updated": "2026-06-16", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "community_impact", "zoning" ], "jurisdiction": "Charlotte (citywide 150-day data center moratorium — public hearing), NC", "state": "NC", "date": "2026-06-08" }, { "id": "lee-county-ga-moratorium-extension-2026-05-27", "county": "Lee County", "lat": 31.7327, "lng": -84.173, "action_type": [ "moratorium", "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "pending", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "As reported May 27, 2026, Lee County commissioners are weighing extending their data center moratorium (currently expiring in July) through the end of 2026 and creating a dedicated data-center zoning district to prevent developers from being grandfathered under current rules. No project is pending. An official vote is set for June 9. A commissioner framed it as 'a protection, not an invitation.' Two tracks are confirmed: (a) a June 9 vote to extend the moratorium through the end of 2026, and (b) a new I-3 'Technology and Data Infrastructure District' zoning text amendment with a hearing June 9 and a final vote June 23. The county notes zero current applications or letters of interest. The final vote on the I-3 'Technology and Data Infrastructure District' zoning text amendment (Article XXII) is set for June 23, 2026 per the county's official zoning notice, alongside the moratorium-extension question. [Update 2026-06-22: STILL PENDING / NO RESULT YET PUBLISHED. Lee County GA commissioners are weighing an extension of the existing data-center moratorium (set to expire July 2026) through the end of 2026 while finalizing a new ordinance that would create a dedicated data-center zoning district. The official extension vote was scheduled for the June 9, 2026 meeting (after...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.walb.com/2026/05/27/this-protection-not-invitation-lee-co-commissioners-consider-extending-moratorium-data-center-ordinance/", "title": "Lee Co. commissioners consider extending data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.leecountyga.gov/zoning-notices/june-4-2026-public-hearing", "title": "Lee County June 4, 2026 public hearing notice" }, { "url": "https://www.thecooldown.com/green-tech/data-center-moratorium-lee-county-extension/", "title": "County weighs extending data center freeze so developers cannot slip in before new rules (The Cool Down)" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-28", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "jurisdiction": "Lee County (moratorium extension + dedicated data center zoning district), GA", "state": "GA", "date": "2026-06-23" }, { "id": "birmingham-al-bhm01-civil-conspiracy-suit-2026-05-25", "county": "Jefferson County", "lat": 33.5186, "lng": -86.8104, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "status": "amended complaint filed; active litigation", "company": "Nebius / Alabama ADC Holdings / Hoar Construction", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "BHM01", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 300, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On May 25, 2026, homeowners Madelyn Greene and David Butler amended their class action (originally filed May 13) alleging the City of Birmingham and developers engaged in a 'civil conspiracy' to let Nebius's 300 MW BHM01 hyperscale project in Oxmoor Corporate Park evade the city's data-center moratorium (approved March 3, 2026). The filing details rapid land transfers — six deeds in 24 hours on Oct 1, 2025, with value rising from $20M to ~$90M — and claims the city 'actively assisted' Nebius. The city says BHM01 was grandfathered. A hearing on new data-center regulations is set for June 9. WBRC/BirminghamWatch (May 28-29) detail the amended class action targeting a Milan Parkway land flip that inflated value from ~$20M to ~$90M; separately, Nebius voluntarily dismissed its own suit against Birmingham’s Zoning Board. A Data Center Resolution is on the June 9 Council agenda.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://birminghamwatch.org/2026/05/28/new-legal-filing-suggests-birmingham-helped-developers-evade-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "New legal filing suggests Birmingham helped developers evade data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.wbrc.com/2026/05/29/oxmoor-valley-residents-expand-lawsuit-over-nebius-ai-factory-target-90m-milan-parkway-land-flip/", "title": "Oxmoor Valley residents expand lawsuit over Nebius AI factory" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-28", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "community_impact", "zoning" ], "jurisdiction": "Birmingham (amended class action alleging city-developer conspiracy to evade DC moratorium), AL", "state": "AL", "date": "2026-05-25" }, { "id": "pulaski-county-ar-quorum-court-moratorium-2026-05-26", "county": "Pulaski County", "lat": 34.7465, "lng": -92.2896, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "defeated", "company": "AVAIO Digital", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Pulaski County Quorum Court appeared to pass a one-year data center moratorium on May 26, 2026 (with an exemption carved out for AVAIO Digital's planned Wrightsville project), but on May 28 the county clerk announced she had miscounted — the actual tally was 8 yes / 6 no / 1 present, short of the 10 of 15 votes needed. The ordinance is expected to return at the June meeting. Pulaski is Arkansas's most populous county. The 12-month moratorium fell short of the 10 votes needed (8-6, 1 present); officials initially mis-reported it as passed, then corrected the next day. A new ordinance removing the AVAIO carve-out (sponsors JPs Ward, Blackwood, Davis) is set for an agenda meeting June 9 and a Quorum Court vote June 23.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://arkansasadvocate.com/2026/05/28/data-center-moratorium-in-arkansas-most-populous-county-didnt-pass-review-finds/", "title": "Data center moratorium in Arkansas' most populous county didn't pass, review finds" }, { "url": "https://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2026/may/26/pulaski-county-quorum-court-passes-ordinance-to-ban-new-data-center-permits-for-a-year/", "title": "Pulaski County Quorum Court ordinance to ban new data center permits" }, { "url": "https://www.ualrpublicradio.org/local-regional-news/2026-05-28/pulaski-county-announces-miscount-in-data-center-moratorium-vote", "title": "Pulaski County announces miscount in data center moratorium vote" }, { "url": "https://arktimes.com/arkansas-blog/2026/06/04/county-to-get-second-bite-at-moratorium-on-data-center-project", "title": "County to get second bite at moratorium on data center project" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-28", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "loss", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "jurisdiction": "Pulaski County Quorum Court (data center moratorium ordinance — failed on clerk miscount), AR", "state": "AR", "date": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "ohio-joint-legislative-data-center-committee-2026-05-27", "county": null, "lat": 39.9612, "lng": -82.9988, "action_type": [ "study_or_report" ], "status": "delayed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Ohio lawmakers launched a new bipartisan Joint Legislative Data Center Committee, holding its first two meetings on May 27 and 28, 2026. Stakeholders from industry, utility regulation, and state agencies testified on data center grid, water, and economic impacts. The committee plans at least weekly meetings and discussed inviting Meta and Google to testify, aiming to gather information to inform potential statewide legislation. The bipartisan Joint Committee held hearings June 1 (water use and local-government NDAs) and June 4 (lobbyists for Amazon/AWS, Google, Meta, and Microsoft questioned on incentives, NDAs, and electric/water use — Microsoft committed to ending NDAs, AWS defended them). Speaker Huffman wants data center legislation before summer break. At a June 4 hearing, lobbyists for AWS, Google, Meta, and Microsoft testified for hours; Microsoft committed to ending NDAs with local governments while AWS defended them, and Reps. Adam Holmes and Heidi Workman sharply criticized the companies. The committee plans at least two more meetings; Speaker Matt Huffman wants data center legislation before summer recess. House Speaker Matt Huffman said he intends to bring the legislature back June 24 to strike a data-center deal before summer recess. Ohio's statewide data center bill (vehicle HB 646) stalled before the summer break: the Senate Energy Committee made substantial revisions June 9-10 (cutting the 100% sales-tax exemption to 50%, with up to 75% for brownfield/BYO-power siting; water-withdrawal reporting; closed-loop cooling; BYO generation for >250 MW; a PUCO data-center rate class), but backroom GOP negotiations left it unpassed.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://ohiocapitaljournal.com/2026/05/29/ohio-lawmakers-begin-hearings-on-data-centers/", "title": "Ohio lawmakers begin hearings on data centers" }, { "url": "https://www.statenews.org/government-politics/2026-05-13/ohio-lawmakers-create-bipartisan-committee-to-get-accurate-relevant-info-on-data-centers", "title": "Ohio lawmakers create bipartisan committee on data centers" }, { "url": "https://www.statenews.org/government-politics/2026-06-04/questions-left-unanswered-after-big-tech-hearing-on-data-centers-in-ohio", "title": "Questions left unanswered after Big Tech hearing on data centers" }, { "url": "https://www.statenews.org/government-politics/2026-06-01/water-woes-ndas-highlights-of-latest-ohio-data-center-hearing", "title": "Water woes, NDAs highlights of latest Ohio data center hearing" }, { "url": "https://www.wosu.org/2026-06-04/questions-left-unanswered-after-big-tech-hearing-on-data-centers-in-ohio", "title": "Questions left unanswered after Big Tech hearing on data centers in Ohio" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-28", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "ratepayer" ], "jurisdiction": "Ohio (bipartisan Joint Legislative Data Center Committee begins hearings)", "state": "OH", "date": "2026-06-04" }, { "id": "indianapolis-council-moratorium-resolution-in-2026-05-15", "county": "Marion County", "lat": 39.7684, "lng": -86.1581, "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed (nonbinding)", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In mid-May 2026 the Indianapolis City-County Council unanimously passed Proposal No. 158 (sponsor Jesse Brown), a nonbinding resolution urging the Metropolitan Development Commission to pause new data center approvals until May 7, 2027 or until regulations pass, citing grid, water, and quiet-enjoyment concerns. The resolution is only a recommendation — the MDC retains zoning authority — while city staff simultaneously draft an SU-47 special-use data-center zoning district.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.axios.com/local/indianapolis/2026/05/15/the-city-county-council-passed-a-data-center-moratorium-heres-whats-next", "title": "Indianapolis City-County Council passed a data center moratorium resolution" }, { "url": "https://fox59.com/news/indianapolis-city-county-council-seeks-to-halt-data-center-developments-until-may-2027/", "title": "Indianapolis council seeks to halt data center developments until May 2027" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-28", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "community_impact", "zoning" ], "jurisdiction": "Indianapolis / Marion County (City-County Council nonbinding moratorium resolution, Prop. 158), IN", "state": "IN", "date": "2026-05-15" }, { "id": "tucson-az-project-blue-adwr-wells-2026-05-28", "county": "Pima County", "lat": 32.07, "lng": -110.78, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "utility_regulation" ], "status": "wells approved", "company": "Beale Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Blue", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 600, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On May 28, 2026, after Tucson rejected annexation and city-water use, the Arizona Department of Water Resources approved two commercial wells (96.50 acre-feet/year, ~31 million gallons/yr) under three existing groundwater-rights agreements for the applicant entity 'Bobcat Tucson Water LLC' — letting the under-construction Project Blue hyperscale campus (~600 MW, up to 10 buildings) source groundwater. Construction began April 24, 2026 amid protests. A clear setback for opponents who had won the earlier city-water denial. On May 28, 2026, the No Desert Data Center Coalition rallied at the Project Blue construction site (S. Houghton & E. Brekke Rd); opponents said they will next target associated businesses.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://news.azpm.org/p/environmentnews/2026/5/28/229919-arizona-water-officials-approve-wells-tied-to-project-blue-data-center/", "title": "Arizona water officials approve wells tied to Project Blue data center" }, { "url": "https://www.kgun9.com/news/community-inspired-journalism/southeast-side-news/well-permits-disclose-how-project-blue-will-get-its-water", "title": "Well permits disclose how Project Blue will get its water" }, { "url": "https://www.tucsonspotlight.org/tucson-protesters-rally-against-project-blue-data-center/", "title": "Tucson protesters rally against Project Blue data center" }, { "url": "https://news.azpm.org/s/103197-we-respect-the-workers-we-dont-respect-the-work-protesters-rally-against-project-blue-construction/", "title": "Protesters rally against Project Blue construction" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-28", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "D", "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "loss", "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "environmental" ], "jurisdiction": "Pima County / Tucson (ADWR approves wells for Project Blue after city water denial), AZ", "state": "AZ", "date": "2026-05-28" }, { "id": "hill-county-tx-rcm-moratorium-lawsuit-2026-05-28", "county": "Hill County", "lat": 32.0118, "lng": -97.13, "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "status": "cancelled", "company": "RCM Hill, LLC", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Aquila", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1235, "acreage": 800, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On May 28, 2026, RCM Hill, LLC sued Hill County, County Judge Shane Brassell, and Commissioners Jim Holcomb and Larry Crumpton in U.S. District Court (Western District of Texas, Waco Division), alleging the May 12 one-year moratorium (passed 3-2) is illegal under Texas law and that officials knew it before voting. The suit seeks ~$100M; RCM Hill's 'Project Aquila' (1,235 MW on 800+ acres) faced a $61.75M interconnection deposit due July 24, 2026. The case directly tests whether Texas counties can legally impose data-center moratoriums. On June 4, 2026, the Hill County Commissioners Court voted unanimously to RESCIND the moratorium under pressure from RCM Hill’s ~$100M federal lawsuit, replacing it with a developer-requirements checklist to limit taxpayer liability; the federal suit remained active with no ruling.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kwtx.com/2026/05/28/illegal-under-texas-law-data-center-developer-files-lawsuit-against-hill-county-moratorium/", "title": "Data center developer files lawsuit against Hill County moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.kcentv.com/article/news/local/hill-county-sued-data-center-moratorium/500-e126be5f-7043-4906-8319-b709a5ac04a1", "title": "Hill County sued over data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.kxxv.com/news/local-news/in-your-neighborhood/100m-lawsuit-filed-against-hill-county-officials-over-data-center-moratorium", "title": "$100M lawsuit filed against Hill County officials over moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/06/05/texas-hill-county-moratorium-rescinded-data-centers/", "title": "Hill County rescinds data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.kwtx.com/2026/06/04/hill-county-commissioners-court-rescinds-moratorium-data-center-wake-lawsuit/", "title": "Hill County Commissioners Court rescinds moratorium in wake of lawsuit" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-28", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "loss", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "jurisdiction": "Hill County (RCM Hill files $100M federal suit challenging data center moratorium), TX", "state": "TX", "date": "2026-06-04" }, { "id": "nye-county-nv-pahrump-water-board-moratorium-2026-05-27", "county": "Nye County", "lat": 36.2083, "lng": -115.9839, "action_type": [ "regulatory_action" ], "status": "passed", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On May 27, 2026, the Nye County Water District Governing Board unanimously adopted a non-binding emergency order asking the County Commission to make data centers a non-permissive water use in the Pahrump Regional Planning District / Hydrographic Basin 162 — a critically over-appropriated aquifer — and provided draft ordinance language. Board members cited unknown but high evaporative-cooling water demand. The board lacks approval authority, so the County Commission must act. On June 2, 2026, the Nye County Commission voted unanimously for a countywide moratorium on new data center applications (in effect until regulations are adopted), following the Water District board’s emergency order; a proposal to exempt Tonopah was rejected in favor of countywide coverage.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://nevadacurrent.com/2026/05/27/nye-county-water-board-pushes-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Nye County water board pushes data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://pvtimes.com/news/data-center-concerns-prompt-ordinance-proposal-186414/", "title": "Data center concerns prompt ordinance proposal" }, { "url": "https://pvtimes.com/news/nye-county-approves-data-center-moratorium-186722/", "title": "Nye County approves data center moratorium" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-28", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "scope": "local", "county_lean": "R", "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "water", "environmental" ], "jurisdiction": "Nye County (Pahrump Valley — Water District board urges data center moratorium), NV", "state": "NV", "date": "2026-06-02" }, { "id": "nj-sherrill-statewide-data-center-plan-2026-05-28", "county": null, "lat": 40.0583, "lng": -74.4057, "action_type": [ "executive_action" ], "status": "plan unveiled", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On May 28, 2026, Gov. Mikie Sherrill unveiled a four-part statewide data center plan: clean-energy/grid-cost requirements, mandatory energy and water reporting, statewide Community Benefits Agreement standards (noise/light/pollution), and labor/prevailing-wage standards. She stopped short of the moratorium that 60+ groups had demanded. Food & Water Watch (Matt Smith) and Jeff Tittel called it 'entirely inadequate' and renewed calls for a full moratorium. Alongside the plan, the NJ Economic Development Authority reportedly froze new applications to its $250M data center tax-incentive program (previously approved awards, such as CoreWeave’s, unaffected).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://jerseyvindicator.org/2026/05/28/sherrill-unveils-statewide-plan-to-regulate-data-centers-in-new-jersey/", "title": "Sherrill unveils statewide plan to regulate data centers in New Jersey" }, { "url": "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/05/27/gov-sherrills-data-center-plan-is-totally-inadequate-full-moratorium-needed-now/", "title": "Gov. Sherrill's data center plan is totally inadequate; full moratorium needed now" }, { "url": "https://www.nbcpalmsprings.com/2026/06/04/new-jersey-freezes-250-million-in-data-center-tax-incentives-amid-surging-public-backlash-over-ai-infrastructure", "title": "New Jersey freezes $250M in data center tax incentives" } ], "data_source": "research_batch_2026-05-28", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "scope": "statewide", "county_lean": null, "authority_level": null, "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "water", "community_impact" ], "jurisdiction": "New Jersey (Gov. Sherrill unveils statewide data center plan; no moratorium)", "state": "NJ", "date": "2026-05-27", "flags": [ { "type": "url_unverifiable", "note": "EDA $250M tax-incentive freeze sourced only to an NBC Palm Springs reprint; confirm with NJBIZ/ROI-NJ/EDA directly.", "added": "2026-06-06" } ] }, { "id": "brookhaven-ny-yaphank-moratorium-2026-05-29", "jurisdiction": "Town of Brookhaven (Yaphank — 18-month data center moratorium hearing set), NY", "state": "NY", "county": "Suffolk County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 40.8368, "lng": -72.9151, "date": "2026-05-29", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "After backlash over a rumored AI data center in Yaphank, Supervisor Dan Panico proposed an 18-month moratorium and the Brookhaven Town Board voted unanimously on May 29, 2026 to schedule a July 16 public hearing. Panico said the town’s IDA and Planning Board were instructed to refuse any AI data center proposals in the interim; residents cited grid, utility-cost, and drinking-water concerns.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://pix11.com/news/local-news/long-island/long-island-town-approves-moratorium-on-data-center-after-public-pushback/", "title": "Long Island town approves moratorium on data center after public pushback" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "community_impact" ] }, { "id": "niagara-falls-ny-nfr-settlement-2026-06-03", "jurisdiction": "City of Niagara Falls (council approves NFR settlement clearing $1.48B data center), NY", "state": "NY", "county": "Niagara County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 43.0962, "lng": -79.0377, "date": "2026-06-03", "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "status": "approved", "scope": "local", "company": "Niagara Falls Redevelopment (NFR)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Niagara Digital Campus", "investment_million_usd": 1480, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "At a contentious meeting, the Niagara Falls City Council voted to approve a settlement ending a years-long land dispute, clearing the path for Niagara Falls Redevelopment’s $1.48B “Niagara Digital Campus” data center near Falls Street and John Daly Blvd. The city must pay NFR $4M+ for costs and cannot use the donated parcel for competing uses; the deal splits the site so the city can also pursue its Centennial Park stadium. Residents raised environmental concerns.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wgrz.com/article/news/local/niagara-falls-city-council-approves-settlement-with-nfr-new-data-center-to-move-forward/71-6ea0cd08-f43a-4ebc-9628-2700cef83f6c", "title": "Niagara Falls City Council approves settlement with NFR" }, { "url": "https://spectrumlocalnews.com/nys/buffalo/news/2026/06/04/contentious-niagara-falls-city-council-meeting-leads-to-approval-of-new-data-center", "title": "Contentious Niagara Falls council meeting leads to approval of new data center" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "loss", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental" ] }, { "id": "new-york-legislature-passes-dc-moratorium-ny-2026-06-04", "jurisdiction": "New York (Legislature passes first-in-nation statewide data center moratorium; awaits Gov. Hochul), NY", "state": "NY", "county": null, "county_lean": null, "lat": 42.6526, "lng": -73.7562, "date": "2026-06-22", "action_type": [ "legislation", "moratorium" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "statewide", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The New York Legislature passed a one-year moratorium on new environmental permits for data centers with peak load above 20 MW, paired with an ~18-month statewide environmental impact study, renewable-energy standards, new electricity/water rate classes, prevailing-wage/labor standards, and a local public-hearing requirement before construction. The Senate passed it 43-17 and the Assembly 102-39 on June 4, 2026 — the first time a U.S. state legislature has passed such a pause. Gov. Hochul has until December to sign or veto and has previously signaled that siting should be left to municipalities. The enrolled bill is confirmed as S10642 / A11560, the Responsible Data Center Development Act, sponsored by Sen. Kristen Gonzalez (distinct from Sen. Krueger's 3-year S.9144A). The Senate passed it June 4, 2026 (43-17-1). As of June 6 it sits on Gov. Hochul's desk unsigned; she has voiced reservations (prefers local control) and has until December to act. As of mid-June the bill remains UNSIGNED on Gov. Hochul's desk (Assembly passed it 102-39); she has 10 days to act once it is formally delivered and may sign, veto, or seek a chapter amendment, with industry voices urging a veto. As of June 17 the bill (Senate 43-17, Assembly 102-39) remains unsigned and had not yet even been formally delivered to Gov. Hochul. On June 12 in Buffalo she publicly commented for the first time — sympathetic to ratepayers but noncommittal ('we've got some time'), reiterating she views siting as a local decision; she has until late December to act, and four GOP Assembly members urged a veto (~June 15). [Update 2026-06-22: The first-in-the-nation statewide data center moratorium (Responsible Data Center Development Act, S10642/A11560 — a one-year pause on permits for facilities with peak load over 20 MW, plus a new electric/water rate class, environmental impact assessments, and community-benefit requirements) passed both chambers June 4, 2026 (Senate 44-16, Assembly...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://news.bloomberglaw.com/tech-and-telecom-law/new-york-lawmakers-send-hochul-one-year-ban-on-new-data-centers", "title": "NY lawmakers send Hochul one-year ban on new data centers" }, { "url": "https://penncapital-star.com/energy-environment/new-york-state-gets-one-step-closer-to-a-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "New York gets one step closer to a data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/06/04/ny-gov-hochul-must-sign-one-year-ai-data-center-moratorium-passed-by-legislature/", "title": "Hochul must sign one-year AI data center moratorium passed by legislature" }, { "url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2025/S10642", "title": "NY State Senate — S10642, Responsible Data Center Development Act" }, { "url": "https://winbuzzer.com/2026/06/06/new-york-data-center-moratorium-bill-heads-to-hochul-xcxwbn/", "title": "New York Data Center Moratorium Bill Heads to Hochul" }, { "url": "https://www.govtech.com/artificial-intelligence/some-urge-gov-hochul-to-veto-new-york-state-data-center-block", "title": "Some Urge Gov. Hochul to Veto New York State Data Center Block (GovTech)" }, { "url": "https://www.bisnow.com/new-york/news/data-center-development/new-york-proposed-data-center-moratorium-kathy-hochul-135052", "title": "Data Center Moratorium On Gov. Hochul's Desk Puts Dozens Of Projects In Crosshairs (Bisnow)" }, { "url": "https://www.mintz.com/insights-center/viewpoints/55076/2026-06-12-new-york-legislature-passes-first-nation-data-center", "title": "New York Legislature Passes First-in-the-Nation Data Center Moratorium, Awaiting Governor's Signature (Mintz)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "environmental", "ratepayer" ], "flags": [] }, { "id": "cranford-nj-ban-2026-06-08", "jurisdiction": "Cranford Township (ban amendment to be introduced), NJ", "state": "NJ", "county": "Union County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 40.6584, "lng": -74.2996, "date": "2026-06-09", "action_type": [ "ordinance", "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": "CoreWeave", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Cranford announced it will introduce a land-use ordinance amendment on June 8, 2026 to explicitly prohibit AI data centers, reversing its August 2025 broadening of permitted uses in the C-1 Commerce Park zone. The action is driven by CoreWeave’s project at the former Merck campus in neighboring Kenilworth; no third-party hyperscaler is named. [Update 2026-06-22: PARTIAL MOVEMENT - introduced/first approval, final vote not yet held. On June 9, 2026 the Cranford Township Committee unanimously approved (introduced) an ordinance updating the land-development code to remove data centers as a permitted use in Cranford's commercial zones, effectively banning AI data centers. The action was prompted by a planned $250M...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://patch.com/new-jersey/cranford/cranford-moves-block-ai-data-centers-after-nearby-kenilworth-project-sparks", "title": "Cranford moves to block AI data centers after nearby Kenilworth project" }, { "url": "https://patch.com/new-jersey/cranford/cranford-moves-ban-data-centers-residents-raise-concerns", "title": "Cranford Moves To Ban Data Centers As Residents Raise Concerns (Cranford Patch)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ] }, { "id": "summit-nj-ban-2026-06-16", "jurisdiction": "City of Summit (ban ordinance introduced), NJ", "state": "NJ", "county": "Union County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 40.7156, "lng": -74.3596, "date": "2026-06-16", "action_type": [ "ordinance", "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Summit Common Council introduced an ordinance amending prohibited land uses to ban AI data centers, with debate over a 20-MW peak-power threshold. Council Member Jamel Boyer voted against introducing it, arguing the language is too weak and a developer could design just under the threshold. A final public hearing and vote are set for June 16, 2026. The action follows the neighboring Kenilworth/CoreWeave project. RESOLVED: On June 16, 2026 the Summit Common Council gave final passage to the ordinance banning AI data centers (any facility ≥20 MW or significantly impacting municipal water) in all zones, by majority vote (Councilman Jamel Boyer the lone dissent, arguing the 20 MW threshold leaves loopholes). [Update 2026-06-22: Update/detail on the existing Summit entry. The Common Council adopted its AI data center ban ordinance on June 16, 2026, passing with Councilman Boyer casting the lone dissent. Critics and several residents argued the ban falls short because its 20-megawatt threshold leaves the door open to common modular/sub-20 MW facilities; concerns raised included...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://patch.com/new-jersey/summit/data-center-debate-heats-summit", "title": "Data center debate heats up in Summit" }, { "url": "https://patch.com/new-jersey/summit/summit-passes-ai-data-center-ban-many-say-it-falls-short", "title": "Summit Passes AI Data Center Ban, But Many Say It Falls Short - Patch" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ] }, { "id": "allentown-pa-bill-20-tabled-2026-06-03", "jurisdiction": "City of Allentown (Bill 20 data center zoning tabled after marathon hearing), PA", "state": "PA", "county": "Lehigh County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 40.6084, "lng": -75.4902, "date": "2026-06-03", "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "public_comment" ], "status": "delayed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Allentown City Council tabled Bill 20 on June 3, 2026 after ~4 hours of testimony from a standing-room-only crowd. The bill would permit data centers in G-I and I-M districts by special exception with a 200-ft setback; notably, residents opposed it as too weak (demanding 1,000-ft-plus setbacks per county planning guidance), not too strict. The solicitor was directed to review options including a 180-day curative amendment; the vote was rescheduled to June 17. [Validation 2026-06-21: outcome -> 'loss' per https://www.wfmz.com/news/area/lehighvalley/lehigh-county/allentown-area/allentown-city-council-oks-data-center-ordinance-in-4-2-vote/article_e5bfb155-b713-42de-83c5-ee5a62fb4f3d.html.]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wfmz.com/news/area/lehighvalley/lehigh-county/allentown-area/allentown-city-council-tables-proposed-bill-to-regulate-data-centers/article_79b84a9b-4add-4f41-aa05-2de69e86952d.html", "title": "Allentown City Council tables proposed bill to regulate data centers" }, { "url": "https://www.lehighvalleynews.com/local-news/allentown-officials-delay-vote-on-data-center-regulations-after-marathon-meeting", "title": "Allentown officials delay vote on data center regulations after marathon meeting" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "loss", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "noise", "community_impact" ] }, { "id": "big-beaver-borough-pa-switch-2026-06-02", "jurisdiction": "Big Beaver Borough (Switch $1.4B campus town hall amid opposition), PA", "state": "PA", "county": "Beaver County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 40.842, "lng": -80.3293, "date": "2026-06-02", "action_type": [ "public_comment", "other_opposition" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": "Switch", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1400, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 382, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Switch held a packed public town hall on June 2, 2026 on its proposed ~382-acre, ~$1.4B data center campus on the former Pittsburgh International Race Complex. Residents waited in long lines; multiple police agencies provided security and reportedly denied media access despite the event being billed as public. Concerns centered on water usage, transparency, and infrastructure. No hyperscaler tenant is named.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://beavercountyradio.com/news/big-turnout-and-big-voices-at-big-beaver-data-center-meeting/", "title": "Big turnout and big voices at Big Beaver data center meeting" }, { "url": "https://www.wpxi.com/news/local/police-standing-guard-during-packed-town-hall-meeting-about-data-center-plans/JADRPG5KMNDFLO6IQQZKMLSNRE/", "title": "Police standing guard during packed town hall about data center plans" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "authority_level": "developer", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "water", "transparency", "community_impact" ] }, { "id": "scarborough-me-moratorium-2026-06-03", "jurisdiction": "Town of Scarborough (180-day data center moratorium enacted), ME", "state": "ME", "county": "Cumberland County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 43.5781, "lng": -70.3214, "date": "2026-06-03", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 52, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 3, 2026, the Scarborough Town Council unanimously approved a 180-day data center moratorium, retroactive to April 1, halting a ~52-acre data center proposal submitted in April and giving the town time to revise zoning.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.pressherald.com/2026/06/03/scarborough-town-council-imposes-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Scarborough Town Council imposes data center moratorium" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ] }, { "id": "westbrook-me-moratorium-2026-06-01", "jurisdiction": "City of Westbrook (180-day data center moratorium enacted), ME", "state": "ME", "county": "Cumberland County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 43.677, "lng": -70.3712, "date": "2026-06-01", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 1, 2026, the Westbrook City Council unanimously approved a 180-day data center moratorium; the planning board will review the land-use ordinance and report back. It is part of a Maine wave (Sanford, Gorham, Brunswick, Scarborough) responding to Gov. Mills’s April veto of a statewide pause.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.pressherald.com/2026/06/01/westbrook-city-council-approves-180-day-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Westbrook City Council approves 180-day data center moratorium" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ] }, { "id": "fort-worth-tx-crypto-ban-zoning-rules-2026-06-02", "jurisdiction": "City of Fort Worth (citywide data center rules + crypto-mining ban proposed), TX", "state": "TX", "county": "Tarrant County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 32.7555, "lng": -97.3308, "date": "2026-06-02", "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "ordinance" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": "Edged Data Centers", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Fort Worth city staff presented proposed citywide data center rules on June 2, 2026: ban cryptocurrency mining as a primary data center use; require a 250-ft setback from homes (300-ft for generators); mandate closed-loop cooling capped at 1M gallons/month; impose 70 dB day / 60 dB night noise limits; and cap tax abatements at 50% for $500M+ investments. No vote was taken; a zoning commission vote is set for July 8 and a council vote for Aug 11. Residents demanded a full moratorium, which Texas law blocks until October. Edged Data Centers (Veale Ranch) is among seven planned projects; no hyperscaler is named.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://fortworthreport.org/2026/06/03/fort-worth-could-ban-cryptocurrency-mining-data-centers-might-be-here-to-stay/", "title": "Fort Worth could ban cryptocurrency mining; data centers might be here to stay" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "noise", "anti_ai" ] }, { "id": "pinal-county-eloy-la-osa-scaleback-az-2026-05-28", "jurisdiction": "Pinal County (Eloy — La Osa campus scaled back ~80% after opposition), AZ", "state": "AZ", "county": "Pinal County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 32.7559, "lng": -111.5551, "date": "2026-05-28", "action_type": [ "project_withdrawal", "public_comment" ], "status": "delayed", "scope": "local", "company": "Vermaland", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "La Osa", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 1000, "acreage": 3300, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Facing ~60 opposed public comments and ~50 emails, the developer’s attorney told the Pinal County Board of Supervisors on May 28, 2026 that the owner wants the “La Osa” campus made smaller — cutting from 3,300 acres / 59 data centers / two gas plants down to 11 data centers capped at 1 GW (~80% reduction). The Board granted a continuance; the application returns Aug 26 with detailed scaled-down specs.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kjzz.org/fronteras-desk/2026-05-28/largest-proposed-data-center-in-arizona-to-be-scaled-back-80-after-opposition", "title": "Largest proposed data center in Arizona to be scaled back 80% after opposition" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ] }, { "id": "bell-county-tx-data-center-opposition-2026-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Bell County (residents demand moratorium on Temple-area data center; county weighs study resolution), TX", "state": "TX", "county": "Bell County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 31.0982, "lng": -97.3428, "date": "2026-06-16", "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "study_or_report" ], "status": "delayed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "More than 100 residents packed Bell County commissioners’ meetings on May 27 and June 1, 2026 demanding a pause and environmental testing on a Temple-area data center. Commissioners declined to enact a moratorium, instead drafting a resolution asking the governor and legislature to designate an interim study on grid reliability, water, local authority, and fiscal impacts, and to consider a special session. The court will decide its course at its June 15 meeting. Commissioners drafted a resolution asking the governor and legislature to make a data-center study an interim priority and said they will decide a course of action June 15. At its June 15, 2026 meeting the Bell County Commissioners Court did NOT pass a moratorium (it says it lacks legal authority to); it tabled proposed changes to the county's data center tax-abatement policy and is advancing a resolution urging the Texas legislature (ahead of the January 2027 session) to give counties more authority. ~8 data centers are proposed around Temple. At its June 15 meeting the Bell County Commissioners Court declined to enact a moratorium (saying a countywide one would conflict with Texas law — only cities can), tabled proposed data-center tax-abatement changes, and adopted a resolution urging the state to give counties more authority; Judge Blackburn warned removing data centers from tax abatement would leave no leverage. [Update 2026-06-22: At its mid-June commissioners court meeting (~June 15-16, 2026), Bell County tabled/postponed proposed changes that would have removed data centers from eligibility for tax abatements, and instead adopted a resolution urging the Texas Legislature to grant counties greater regulatory authority over large-scale projects. Commissioners declined to vote on a...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kwtx.com/2026/06/02/we-dont-want-this-bell-county-residents-show-up-by-masses-protest-data-center-asks-commissioners-court-intervention/", "title": "Bell County residents protest data center, ask commissioners court to intervene" }, { "url": "https://www.kwtx.com/2026/05/27/bell-county-residents-speak-up-county-commissioners-meeting-put-moratorium-data-center/", "title": "Bell County residents speak up at commissioners meeting on data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.kxxv.com/news/local-news/in-your-neighborhood/bell-county/bell-county-commissioners-table-data-center-tax-abatement-changes-call-on-state-for-more-authority", "title": "Bell County commissioners table data center tax abatement changes, call on state for more authority - KXXV" }, { "url": "https://texasscorecard.com/local/bell-county-postpones-removing-data-centers-from-tax-abatements/", "title": "Bell County Postpones Removing Data Centers From Tax Abatements - Texas Scorecard" }, { "url": "https://kdhnews.com/news/region/residents-urge-moratorium-bell-county-eyes-safeguards-for-data-centers/article_d937a743-4a24-5872-bb61-8af6a7c9e614.html", "title": "Residents urge moratorium; Bell County eyes safeguards for data centers - KDH News" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed", "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": [ { "type": "attribution_uncertain", "note": "Some reporting links the Temple-area project to Meta via the “Polmer LLC” shell, but the cited sources do not confirm a hyperscaler; left null.", "added": "2026-06-06" } ] }, { "id": "ohio-dewine-tax-exemption-pause-oh-2026-05-27", "jurisdiction": "Ohio (Gov. DeWine pauses new data center sales-tax exemptions), OH", "state": "OH", "county": null, "county_lean": null, "lat": 39.9612, "lng": -82.9988, "date": "2026-05-27", "action_type": [ "executive_action" ], "status": "active", "scope": "statewide", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On May 27, 2026, Gov. Mike DeWine directed the chair of the Ohio Tax Credit Authority to stop considering new data center sales-tax exemption requests while the legislature’s Joint Data Center Committee studies the industry. The pause followed revelations that the exemption cost the state ~$1.57B last year — more than 11x the projection. DeWine framed it as caution, not opposition; existing exemptions (Amazon, Google, Microsoft, Meta) are unchanged and it is not a construction ban.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://governor.ohio.gov/wps/portal/gov/governor/media/news-and-media/governor-dewine-announces-pause-of-data-center-tax-exemption", "title": "Gov. DeWine announces pause of data center tax exemption" }, { "url": "https://www.statenews.org/government-politics/2026-05-27/gov-dewine-freezes-controversial-data-center-tax-break-for-now", "title": "Gov. DeWine freezes controversial data center tax break, for now" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "authority_level": "governor", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "transparency" ] }, { "id": "dane-county-wi-moratorium-2026-06-04", "jurisdiction": "Dane County (18-month hyperscale data center moratorium passed), WI", "state": "WI", "county": "Dane County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 43.0731, "lng": -89.4012, "date": "2026-06-04", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Dane County Board unanimously approved Sub 1 to RES-039 on June 4, 2026, an 18-month moratorium pausing zoning permit applications for hyperscale data centers (defined as 5,000+ servers and 10,000+ sq ft) through roughly December 2027. It applies only to towns under county zoning, not self-zoning cities and villages; the county used a state-law workaround to enable it (zoning committee approved unanimously May 26). On June 4, the Dane County Board approved Sub 1 to 2026 RES-039, an 18-month pause on zoning permits for hyperscale data centers (defined as 5,000+ servers and 10,000+ sq ft) in towns subject to county zoning (excludes cities, villages, and self-zoned towns).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wisbusiness.com/2026/dane-county-board-approves-18-month-pause-on-hyperscale-data-center-development/", "title": "Dane County Board approves 18-month pause on hyperscale data center development" }, { "url": "https://isthmus.com/news/news/dane-county-board-approves-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Dane County Board approves data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.wmtv15news.com/2026/06/05/dane-county-board-supervisors-votes-temporary-stop-permits-data-centers-unincorporated-areas/", "title": "Dane County votes temporary stop on data center permits" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-07", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water" ] }, { "id": "brown-county-wi-moratorium-declined-2026-06-02", "jurisdiction": "Brown County (committee declines countywide data center moratorium), WI", "state": "WI", "county": "Brown County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 44.5133, "lng": -88.0133, "date": "2026-06-02", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "defeated", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 2, 2026, the Brown County Planning, Development & Transportation Committee unanimously declined to advance Supervisor Christopher Welch’s proposed countywide data center moratorium, citing that no town, village, or city in Brown County is under county zoning (rendering it moot). It instead formed an informal three-person subcommittee to survey local governments. About 80 people attended and 21 commenters objected to the decision.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://dailyreporter.com/2026/06/03/brown-county-declines-data-center-moratorium-zoning/", "title": "Brown County declines data center moratorium" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "loss", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ] }, { "id": "shawano-county-wi-moratorium-2026-06-03", "jurisdiction": "Shawano County (committee recommends 1-year data center moratorium), WI", "state": "WI", "county": "Shawano County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 44.7886, "lng": -88.6009, "date": "2026-06-03", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 3, 2026, the Shawano County Planning, Development & Zoning Committee unanimously recommended a one-year moratorium for unincorporated (county-zoned) areas after a public hearing at which no speakers opposed it. The full county board is set to vote June 24. The Planning, Development & Zoning Committee held a June 3 public hearing (no speakers opposed) and unanimously recommended a one-year moratorium to the full county board, which takes it up June 24.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/06/03/wisconsin-data-center-shawano-county-moritorium", "title": "Shawano County recommends data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.wearegreenbay.com/news/local-news/shawano-county-board-to-vote-on-recommended-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Shawano County board to vote on recommended data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.wbay.com/2026/06/03/shawano-county-considers-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Shawano County considers data center moratorium" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-07", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning" ] }, { "id": "jackson-county-mo-moratorium-2026-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Jackson County (moratorium vote delayed on two competing proposals), MO", "state": "MO", "county": "Jackson County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 39.0997, "lng": -94.5786, "date": "2026-06-22", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 1, 2026 the Jackson County (Missouri) Legislature held over two competing data center moratorium proposals (Ord. 6074, a 120-day pause incl. battery storage; Ord. 6087, a year-long version). On June 8 it ADVANCED a 180-day moratorium on processing land-use applications for data centers (amended up from 120 days), with final passage expected the following session; Chair Manny Abarca framed it as a temporary pause for policy review. CORRECTION: an earlier version of this entry erroneously described a 'permanent ban effective June 23' — that was Jackson County, FLORIDA, not Missouri. No permanent ban occurred in Jackson County MO. [Update 2026-06-22: On June 22, 2026 the Jackson County (Missouri) Legislature passed a 180-day moratorium on processing data center and Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) land-use applications, by an 8-0 vote (one member excused). The ordinance extended an originally proposed 120-day pause to 180 days; it resolves the two competing proposals that the Legislature had held...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kctv5.com/2026/06/09/legislature-advances-ordinance-extending-jackson-county-data-center-moratorium-180-days/", "title": "Jackson County MO legislature advances 180-day data center moratorium (KCTV5)" }, { "url": "https://thebeaconnews.org/stories/2026/06/08/jackson-county-legislators-mull-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Jackson County legislators mull data center moratorium (The Beacon)" }, { "url": "https://www.kctv5.com/2026/06/22/jackson-county-legislature-passes-180-day-moratorium-data-center-applications/", "title": "Jackson County legislature passes 180-day moratorium on data center applications" }, { "url": "https://www.kshb.com/news/local-news/jackson-county-legislature-approves-180-day-moratorium-on-processing-data-center-land-use-applications", "title": "Jackson County Legislature approves 180-day moratorium on processing data center land use applications" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ] }, { "id": "virginia-beach-va-citywide-ban-2026-06-02", "jurisdiction": "City of Virginia Beach (citywide ban on large/hyperscale data centers initiated), VA", "state": "VA", "county": "Virginia Beach", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 36.8529, "lng": -75.978, "date": "2026-06-02", "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 2, 2026, the Virginia Beach City Council voted unanimously to direct staff to draft a zoning ordinance amendment making traditional and hyperscale data centers non-permitted uses citywide, while allowing subsea cable landing sites and colocation facilities via conditional-use permit. It followed months of public opposition and goes next to the Planning Commission and then a final council vote.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wtkr.com/news/in-the-community/virginia-beach/virginia-beach-city-council-unanimously-rejects-future-data-centers-residents-applaud-the-decision", "title": "Virginia Beach City Council unanimously rejects future data centers" }, { "url": "https://www.whro.org/2026-06-03/massive-data-centers-arent-welcome-in-virginia-beach-council-says", "title": "Massive data centers aren’t welcome in Virginia Beach, council says" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ] }, { "id": "newberry-county-sc-moratorium-2026-06-04", "jurisdiction": "Newberry County (1-year moratorium + land-purchase denial), SC", "state": "SC", "county": "Newberry County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 34.2746, "lng": -81.6187, "date": "2026-06-04", "action_type": [ "moratorium", "permit_denial" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 4, 2026, the Newberry County Council voted unanimously to deny an ordinance that would have let a developer purchase county land for a potential data center, and enacted a one-year ban on new data center projects. The crowd cheered the decision.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wrdw.com/2026/06/05/newberry-county-passes-1-year-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Newberry County passes 1-year data center moratorium" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ] }, { "id": "hernando-county-fl-moratorium-2026-06-04", "jurisdiction": "Hernando County (1-year data center moratorium), FL", "state": "FL", "county": "Hernando County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 28.5544, "lng": -82.3885, "date": "2026-06-04", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In early June 2026, the Hernando County Commission approved a one-year data center moratorium. No company is named. [Validation: status corrected to pending — June 2 was a first-reading approval; final adoption vote set for July 7, 2026.] [Update 2026-06-22: STILL PENDING FINAL ADOPTION - second reading July 7. Hernando County Commissioners approved on first public hearing an ordinance imposing a 365-day moratorium on processing any petitions/permits for data centers in unincorporated Hernando County (extendable an additional 120 days), with commissioners in full agreement amid resident concerns over power,...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.hernandosun.com/2026/06/05/hernando-county-commissioners-approve-one-year-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Hernando County commissioners approve one-year data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://www.wfla.com/news/local-news/hernando-county/hernando-county-moves-forward-with-proposed-data-center-moratorium-after-resident-concerns/", "title": "Hernando County moves forward with proposed data center moratorium (WFLA)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ], "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Source page 403’d on fetch; exact vote date/count drawn from headline only — verify.", "added": "2026-06-06" } ] }, { "id": "holmes-county-fl-ban-draft-2026-06-02", "jurisdiction": "Holmes County (moving toward permanent AI data center ban), FL", "state": "FL", "county": "Holmes County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 30.8694, "lng": -85.8158, "date": "2026-06-02", "action_type": [ "moratorium", "study_or_report" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 2, 2026, the Holmes County Commission directed the county attorney to draft a permanent ban on AI data centers, with a public hearing set for June 16.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wjhg.com/2026/06/03/holmes-county-moves-forward-with-moratorium-ai-data-centers/", "title": "Holmes County moves forward with moratorium on AI data centers" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "community_impact" ] }, { "id": "utah-cox-executive-order-data-center-standards-ut-2026-05-29", "jurisdiction": "Utah (Gov. Cox executive order — five-agency review for large data centers), UT", "state": "UT", "county": null, "county_lean": null, "lat": 40.7608, "lng": -111.891, "date": "2026-05-29", "action_type": [ "executive_order" ], "status": "active", "scope": "statewide", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On May 29, 2026, Gov. Spencer Cox issued Executive Order 2026-03 establishing a statewide framework requiring five state divisions — Air Quality, Drinking Water, Water Quality, Water Rights, and Wildlife Resources — to approve aspects of large data-center projects (including Stratos Phase 1) before construction, prioritizing protection of water/the Great Salt Lake, air quality, ratepayers, and wildlife. Cox conceded it \"could potentially delay the project,\" with air/water permitting \"at least a year away\"; opponents called it a \"PR stunt,\" and the Salt Lake Tribune reported Cox knew of the project months before acting. The order is designated Executive Order 2026-03. The Salt Lake Tribune reported (May 31) that emails show Cox knew about the proposed Box Elder data center months before acting, a credibility angle that gained traction. The EO is an executive framework, not legislation, and does not override MIDA's statutory preemption of county zoning.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.deseret.com/utah/2026/05/29/utah-executive-order-data-center-gov-cox/", "title": "Utah executive order on data centers from Gov. Cox" }, { "url": "https://www.kuer.org/politics-government/2026-05-29/read-gov-coxs-exec-order-for-higher-utah-data-center-development-standards", "title": "Read Gov. Cox’s executive order for higher Utah data center standards" }, { "url": "https://www.sltrib.com/news/politics/2026/05/31/utah-gov-spencer-cox-knew-about/", "title": "Utah Gov. Cox knew about the project, emails show" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-08", "authority_level": "governor", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed", "issue_category": [ "water", "air_quality", "environmental", "ratepayer" ] }, { "id": "utah-interim-committee-data-center-study-ut-2026-05-20", "jurisdiction": "Utah (legislative interim committee votes to study data-center impacts), UT", "state": "UT", "county": null, "county_lean": null, "lat": 40.7608, "lng": -111.891, "date": "2026-05-20", "action_type": [ "study_or_report" ], "status": "active", "scope": "statewide", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On May 20, 2026, the Utah Legislature’s Natural Resources, Agriculture, and Environment Interim Committee voted (without GOP opposition, including Box Elder representatives) to study data-center impacts, on a motion by Rep. Doug Owens (D-Salt Lake County). The study focuses on the Stratos project, citing water use of ~1,900 acre-feet/year; no completion timeline was set. On May 27, the Natural Resources, Agriculture and Environment Interim Committee voted (at Rep. Doug Owens' request) to add data center impacts — wildlife, air, noise, water, and cooling technology — to its summer study agenda, informing the 2027 session. Speaker Mike Schultz endorsed Box Elder residents' right to vote on the project. No formal bill to amend the MIDA Act has emerged yet.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://kutv.com/news/local/utah-lawmakers-vote-to-study-impacts-of-box-elder-county-data-center", "title": "Utah lawmakers vote to study impacts of Box Elder data center" }, { "url": "https://www.deseret.com/utah/2026/05/27/utah-lawmakers-to-study-impact-of-data-centers-on-wildlife-environment/", "title": "Utah lawmakers to study data center impacts" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-08", "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "environmental", "transparency" ] }, { "id": "box-elder-bear-referendum-lawsuit-ut-2026-06-03", "jurisdiction": "Box Elder County (Stratos opponents sue to force a referendum on MIDA resolutions), UT", "state": "UT", "county": "Box Elder County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 41.5102, "lng": -112.0155, "date": "2026-06-03", "action_type": [ "lawsuit", "other_opposition" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Box Elder Accountability Referendum (BEAR) filed two referendum applications on May 11, 2026 targeting the county’s Stratos-enabling Resolutions 26-11 and 26-12. County Attorney Stephen Hadfield rejected them ~May 28, ruling the resolutions were administrative (not legislative) and thus not subject to referendum. On June 3, 2026, BEAR filed an appeal/lawsuit in Utah First District Court (Brigham City) seeking to reverse the denial and place the question on the November 2026 ballot, relying on Baker v. Carlson (Utah Supreme Court, 2018). No hearing was scheduled. On June 3, BEAR filed an appeal in Utah's 1st District Court (Brigham City) challenging the county attorney's rejection of two referendum applications (Resolutions 26-11 and 26-12), arguing the attorney — who works for the commission — could not impartially deem the resolutions 'administrative' and non-referable, and that the county omitted material information in its impact statements. The appeal was filed in Utah's First District Court (Brigham City); the core dispute is whether Resolutions 26-11/26-12 are 'administrative' (the county's position, making them non-referable) or 'legislative.' BEAR seeks to put the Stratos agreement on the November 2026 ballot, and Utah House Speaker Mike Schultz publicly backed residents' right to vote ('the people of Box Elder County should be the ones that make this decision'). No hearing had been scheduled as of June 7.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.cachevalleydaily.com/news/stratos-project-opponents-file-promised-referendum-appeal-with-utah-first-district-court/article_d89e1640-d5cb-4ad6-814a-b90a9fec4c11.html", "title": "Stratos opponents file referendum appeal with Utah First District Court" }, { "url": "https://www.ksl.com/article/51506536/box-elder-county-data-center-foes-sue-to-reverse-decision-stalling-their-efforts-against-project", "title": "Box Elder data center foes sue to reverse decision" }, { "url": "https://www.sltrib.com/news/2026/06/03/box-elder-data-center-opponents/", "title": "Box Elder data center opponents appeal referendum rejection" }, { "url": "https://utahnewsdispatch.com/2026/06/04/stratos-data-center-referendum-group-appeal-to-a-judge/", "title": "Stratos referendum group appeals to a judge" }, { "url": "https://www.stopstratos.org/post/press-release-referendum-denied", "title": "StopStratos: referendum denied (press release)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-08", "authority_level": "court", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "zoning", "community_impact" ], "flags": [ { "type": "source_conflict", "note": "KSL reports the suit also alleges an Open and Public Meetings Act violation; not corroborated by Cache Valley Daily — single-source.", "added": "2026-06-06" } ] }, { "id": "box-elder-stratos-water-rights-withdrawn-ut-2026-05-28", "jurisdiction": "Box Elder County (Great Salt Lake water-rights applications for Stratos withdrawn after mass protests), UT", "state": "UT", "county": "Box Elder County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 41.5102, "lng": -112.0155, "date": "2026-05-28", "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "other_opposition" ], "status": "cancelled", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Two water-rights applications tied to the Stratos data center were withdrawn after mass protests to the Utah Division of Water Rights. Bar H Ranch’s bid to transfer 1,900 acre-feet/year (a 1904-vintage right from Salt Wells Spring near the Great Salt Lake) from irrigation to industrial use drew ~4,000 protests and was withdrawn ~May 7; a second application (Murray Hollow L.C.) drew ~700 protests and was withdrawn May 28. Bar H said it plans to refile, so the project still lacks secured water rights. There were two separate water-rights applications — Bar H Ranch (withdrawn ~May 5-7 after 4,000+ protests) and Murray Hollow L.C. (withdrawn May 22, cancellation confirmed by State Engineer Teresa Wilhelmsen May 27). Bar H Ranch has said it will refile, making this a temporary procedural win rather than a permanent kill.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.upr.org/utah-news/2026-05-28/box-elder-data-center-water-rights-referendum-iron-county", "title": "Box Elder data center water rights, referendum, Iron County" }, { "url": "https://www.abc4.com/news/northern-utah/stratos-project-developers-will-refile-water-rights/", "title": "Stratos developers will refile water rights" }, { "url": "https://greatsaltlakenews.org/latest-news/salt-lake-tribune/water-rights-request-for-massive-box-elder-data-center-withdrawn-after-thousands-of-utahns-file-protests", "title": "Water-rights request withdrawn after thousands of protests" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-08", "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "water", "environmental" ], "flags": [ { "type": "figure_unverified", "note": "Protest counts (~4,000 / ~700) and exact withdrawal dates drawn from reporting; some source pages 403’d.", "added": "2026-06-06" } ] }, { "id": "iron-county-ut-180-day-moratorium-2026-05-26", "jurisdiction": "Iron County (180-day moratorium on new data center / power-plant applications), UT", "state": "UT", "county": "Iron County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 37.6775, "lng": -113.0619, "date": "2026-05-26", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On May 26, 2026, the Iron County Commission adopted a 180-day pause (the maximum allowed under Utah law) on accepting or processing new or incomplete land-use applications for data centers, data-center power plants, and solar power plants, to give staff time to revise regulations. It followed hundreds of residents at Cedar City hearings over the Antelope project. The pause does not affect applications already deemed \"complete\" — including the Antelope CUP, which the Planning Commission approved days later.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.sltrib.com/news/2026/05/26/iron-county-bans-approval-new-data/", "title": "Iron County bans approval of new data centers for 180 days" }, { "url": "https://www.ksl.com/article/51503330/iron-county-presses-pause-on-new-ai-data-center-proposals-to-review-current-regulations", "title": "Iron County presses pause on new AI data center proposals" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-06", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "community_impact" ] }, { "id": "howard-county-md-moratorium-2026-06", "jurisdiction": "Howard County (temporary data center moratorium through Nov 2027), MD", "state": "MD", "county": "Howard County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 39.2549, "lng": -76.946, "date": "2026-06-02", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Howard County Council passed CB31-2026, a temporary moratorium pausing data center development through November 2027 to modernize the county's roughly 1993-era zoning regulations covering energy, water, and siting. Sponsored by Councilmember Christiana Rigby.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://foxbaltimore.com/news/local/howard-county-council-temporary-pause-data-center-development-energy-water-zoning", "title": "Howard County Council passes temporary pause on data center development" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-07", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "mcminnville-tn-moratorium-2026-06-03", "jurisdiction": "McMinnville (18-month data center moratorium, first reading), TN", "state": "TN", "county": "Warren County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 35.6834, "lng": -85.77, "date": "2026-06-09", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 3, 2026, the McMinnville Board of Mayor and Aldermen unanimously approved on first reading an 18-month moratorium covering data centers, Bitcoin mining, and microchip manufacturing, following 90+ minutes of public comment, to study infrastructure, environmental, and noise impacts. A second reading is required for final adoption. RESOLVED: On June 9, 2026 the McMinnville Board of Mayor and Aldermen gave unanimous final passage to the 18-month moratorium, effective immediately. It was prompted by opposition to a proposed ~25 MW, 96,000-sq-ft AI data center (designed for Nvidia GB200 NVL72) near residential neighborhoods; the city chose a moratorium over a ban for legal defensibility.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://theucnow.com/2026/06/03/mcminnville-board-unanimously-approves-center-moratorium/", "title": "McMinnville board unanimously approves moratorium" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-16", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "noise", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "hillsborough-nc-moratorium-2026-06", "jurisdiction": "Town of Hillsborough (60-day AI data center moratorium), NC", "state": "NC", "county": "Orange County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 36.0754, "lng": -79.0997, "date": "2026-06-01", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Town of Hillsborough enacted a 60-day moratorium on AI data centers and data mining to update its land-use ordinances, joining recent actions by Orange County, Chatham County, and the City of Durham in the region.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://chapelboro.com/news-on-the-hill-with-andrew-stuckey/conversations-with-the-mayors/hillsborough-budget-updates-data-center-moratorium-longtime-employee-retires", "title": "Hillsborough budget updates, data center moratorium" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-07", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "little-rock-ar-ordinance-2026-06-03", "jurisdiction": "Little Rock (citywide data center regulations approved), AR", "state": "AR", "county": "Pulaski County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 34.7465, "lng": -92.2896, "date": "2026-06-03", "action_type": [ "ordinance", "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 3, 2026, Little Rock's Board of Directors unanimously approved new citywide data center regulations during an hours-long meeting that featured heavy criticism of a proposed ~$1B Google-backed data center project.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://arkansasadvocate.com/2026/06/03/arkansas-largest-city-approves-new-data-center-ordinance/", "title": "Arkansas's largest city approves new data center ordinance" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-07", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water", "noise" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "utah-mida-civil-rights-lawsuit-ut-2026-06-04", "jurisdiction": "Box Elder County / MIDA (civil-rights lawsuit over Stratos project), UT", "state": "UT", "county": "Box Elder County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 41.5102, "lng": -112.0155, "date": "2026-06-04", "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": "Kevin O’Leary / Project Stratos", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Alliance for a Better Utah" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 4, 2026, Alliance for a Better Utah and five anonymous Box Elder County residents filed a civil-rights suit against the Military Installation Development Authority (MIDA), the Box Elder County Commission, and Sens. Stuart Adams and Jerry Stevenson. It argues MIDA's framework makes local consent 'irrevocable,' denying residents any process; challenges the constitutionality of parts of the MIDA Act; and alleges Adams violated fiduciary/constitutional duties by accepting $135,000 in PAC money tied to MIDA. The suit seeks to void the Stratos project-area agreement. (Distinct from the BEAR referendum appeal.) The suit was filed in Utah's Third District Court and goes beyond Stratos: it challenges MIDA's underlying code, seeks to remove Sens. Adams and Stevenson from the MIDA board as unconstitutional multiple-office-holders, and asks the court to make Adams return $135,000 in PAC contributions tied to MIDA-aligned interests. It drove NBC News national coverage.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.sltrib.com/news/2026/06/04/lawsuit-mida-box-elder-leaders/", "title": "Lawsuit targets MIDA, Box Elder leaders over data center" }, { "url": "https://utahnewsdispatch.com/2026/06/05/nonprofits-lawsuit-challenges-not-only-stratos-project-but-midas-code/", "title": "Nonprofit's lawsuit challenges Stratos project and MIDA's code" }, { "url": "https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/utah-residents-sue-officials-kevin-oleary-data-center-plan-rcna348720", "title": "Utah residents sue officials over O'Leary data center plan" }, { "url": "https://www.fox13now.com/news/local-news/box-elder-county/lawsuit-claims-mida-and-box-elder-county-violated-rights-in-data-center-plan", "title": "Lawsuit claims MIDA and Box Elder County violated rights" }, { "url": "https://kutv.com/news/local/non-profit-sues-mida-utah-lawmakers-for-unconstitutional-box-elder-data-center-plans", "title": "Nonprofit sues MIDA, Utah lawmakers over Box Elder data center" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-08", "authority_level": "court", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "community_impact", "water" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "wyoming-gordon-executive-order-wy-2026-06-03", "jurisdiction": "Wyoming statewide (Gov. Gordon executive order on data center framework)", "state": "WY", "county": null, "county_lean": null, "lat": 41.14, "lng": -104.8202, "date": "2026-06-03", "action_type": [ "executive_order" ], "status": "active", "scope": "statewide", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 3, 2026, Gov. Mark Gordon signed an executive order establishing a framework to develop data centers 'the Wyoming Way' — encouraging developers to cover their own energy-demand costs, create permanent jobs, and protect water and wildlife — and giving state agencies 60 days to recommend policy and legislative changes. Context: Cheyenne (Laramie County) rejected a data center moratorium in late May, opting to proceed with potentially dozens of facilities.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wyomingpublicmedia.org/natural-resources-energy/2026-06-03/executive-order-paves-way-for-wyoming-data-centers-while-colorado-communities-hit-pause", "title": "Executive order paves way for Wyoming data centers" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-07", "authority_level": "governor", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "ratepayer", "environmental" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "reno-nv-moratorium-extension-2026-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Reno (data center moratorium extended into 2027), NV", "state": "NV", "county": "Washoe County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 39.5296, "lng": -119.8138, "date": "2026-06-01", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 1, 2026, the Reno City Council voted 6-1 to extend its data center moratorium into 2027 — described as the first such extension in Nevada — while the city continues work on a Title 18 text amendment revising data center definitions, siting, noise, and water-use rules.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kunr.org/local-stories/2026-06-05/reno-city-council-extends-data-center-moratorium-into-2027", "title": "Reno City Council extends data center moratorium into 2027" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-07", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water", "noise" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "grove-city-oh-moratorium-2026-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Grove City (6-month data center moratorium), OH", "state": "OH", "county": "Franklin County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 39.8814, "lng": -83.0929, "date": "2026-06-01", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 1, 2026, Grove City passed a 12-month (1-year) moratorium on data center development, amended to create a task force to study impacts and develop regulations during the pause.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://cwcolumbus.com/news/local/grove-city-data-center-moratorium-passes", "title": "Grove City data center moratorium passes" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-21", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "boyd-county-ky-terawulf-2026-06-02", "jurisdiction": "Boyd County (TeraWulf \"Muskie\" data campus opposition), KY", "state": "KY", "county": "Boyd County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 38.359, "lng": -82.6877, "date": "2026-06-02", "action_type": [ "public_comment", "other_opposition" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": "TeraWulf", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Muskie Data Campus", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 300, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "At a June 2, 2026 town hall, Boyd County neighbors raised concerns about TeraWulf's proposed ~300-acre 'Muskie Data Campus' at the East Park Industrial Center (closed-loop water; phase one ~2028). The company is hosting its own town hall June 17.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wsaz.com/2026/06/02/neighbors-ask-questions-address-concerns-data-center-town-hall/", "title": "Neighbors raise concerns at Boyd County data center town hall" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-07", "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "noise", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "brawley-ca-moratorium-2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "City of Brawley (data center moratorium passed 3-2), CA", "state": "CA", "county": "Imperial County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 32.9787, "lng": -115.5303, "date": "2026-05-19", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On May 19, 2026, the Brawley City Council voted 3-2 (Grass and Kelley dissenting) to approve Ordinance No. 2026-03, an immediate moratorium on data centers requiring more than 50 MW of electrical demand or exceeding 250,000 sq ft of gross floor area (smaller server rooms and telecom hubs exempt). Introduced by Councilmember Gil Rebollar to give the city time to draft zoning, environmental, and infrastructure standards.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.thedesertreview.com/business/brawley-council-approves-moratorium-on-data-center/article_702beb39-c98b-4e10-8024-c0eb5466ad19.html", "title": "Brawley council approves moratorium on data center" }, { "url": "https://www.ivpressonline.com/news/brawley-targets-hyperscale-tech-growth-with-proposed-data-center-moratorium/article_495ce2ac-c352-4f86-bfbe-5d14939ae51c.html", "title": "Brawley targets hyperscale tech growth with proposed moratorium" }, { "url": "https://calexicochronicle.com/2026/05/27/brawley-and-imperial-speak-on-data-center-moratoriums/", "title": "Brawley and Imperial speak on data center moratoriums" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-08", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water", "noise" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "imperial-city-ca-moratorium-2026-05-20", "jurisdiction": "City of Imperial (hyperscale data center moratorium advancing), CA", "state": "CA", "county": "Imperial County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 32.8475, "lng": -115.5694, "date": "2026-05-20", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On May 20, 2026, the City of Imperial council voted 4-0 to direct staff to return with a moratorium on hyperscale data centers within city limits; the item returned June 3 with the council moving to advance it (Mayor Ida Obeso: 'we have a right and a privilege to protect our residents'). The city is also the plaintiff in a separate CEQA suit against Imperial County over the IVCM project.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://kyma.com/news/top-stories/2026/05/21/imperial-moves-toward-moratorium-on-hyperscale-data-centers/", "title": "Imperial moves toward moratorium on hyperscale data centers" }, { "url": "https://calexicochronicle.com/2026/05/27/brawley-and-imperial-speak-on-data-center-moratoriums/", "title": "Brawley and Imperial speak on data center moratoriums" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-08", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "calexico-ca-moratorium-2026-06-03", "jurisdiction": "City of Calexico (proposed data center moratorium), CA", "state": "CA", "county": "Imperial County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 32.6789, "lng": -115.4989, "date": "2026-06-03", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Calexico City Council was scheduled to consider a proposed data center moratorium at its June 3, 2026 meeting (alongside a public-safety budgeting mandate). No specific data center project in Calexico was identified — the measure appears precautionary amid the county-wide moratorium cascade. The June 3 vote outcome was not yet reported as of June 8.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ivpressonline.com/news/calexico-city-council-to-consider-public-safety-budgeting-mandate-and-data-center-moratorium/article_3dc38980-49ad-4f2d-ac2f-ca34c7c7627c.html", "title": "Calexico council to consider data center moratorium" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-08", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water" ], "flags": [ { "type": "status_uncertain", "note": "June 3, 2026 council vote was scheduled and sourced, but the outcome had not been reported in available coverage as of June 8. Re-check Calexico Chronicle for the result.", "added": "2026-06-08" } ] }, { "id": "imperial-county-ca-moratorium-by-right-2026-06-02", "jurisdiction": "Imperial County (data center moratorium + by-right elimination advancing), CA", "state": "CA", "county": "Imperial County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 32.792, "lng": -115.5631, "date": "2026-06-16", "action_type": [ "moratorium", "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 2, 2026, after 1+ hour of public comment and 296 emailed comments, the Imperial County Board of Supervisors declined to adopt staff-drafted 'Data Center Development Guidelines' (21 safeguards including elimination of by-right development, infrastructure-impact assessments, 1,000-ft setbacks, water-use disclosure, local hiring, and a Good Neighbor Community Benefit Agreement), which opponents called full of loopholes. Supervisor Jesus Eduardo Escobar pushed for a six-month moratorium 'with more teeth.' Staff was directed to return June 16 with two items: an amended resolution creating an ad hoc study committee, and a moratorium urgency ordinance for immediate effect. A controversial carve-out for a second project (Tomcat Development near Brawley/Imperial) drew criticism. [Validation 2026-06-21: outcome -> 'win' per https://inewsource.org/2026/06/16/imperial-county-approves-data-center-moratorium/.] [Update 2026-06-22: UPDATE to imperial-county-ca-moratorium-by-right-2026-06-02. On June 16 the Imperial County Board of Supervisors approved a 45-day moratorium on pending and future data center projects, citing energy, water, and public-health concerns. The developer (Huntington Beach's Sebastian Rucci, ~1M-sq-ft project) threatened a lawsuit, saying the vote 'sends a...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://inewsource.org/2026/06/04/imperial-county-data-center-moratorium-vote-supervisors-ceqa/", "title": "Imperial County considers data center moratorium" }, { "url": "https://calexicochronicle.com/2026/06/03/board-of-supervisors-considers-data-center-resolution/", "title": "Board of Supervisors considers data center resolution" }, { "url": "https://www.ivpressonline.com/news/imperial-county-moves-to-strip-by-right-status-for-data-center-developments/article_67468b5d-a469-4e68-98b8-cb278c72f776.html", "title": "Imperial County moves to strip by-right status for data centers" }, { "url": "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-june-17-2026/", "title": "Data Centers: Daily Notes | June 17, 2026 - Strisker" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water", "community_impact", "transparency" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "sierra-club-v-imperial-county-ceqa-2026-05-27", "jurisdiction": "Imperial County Superior Court (Sierra Club CEQA suit over IVCM approval), CA", "state": "CA", "county": "Imperial County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 32.792, "lng": -115.5631, "date": "2026-05-27", "action_type": [ "lawsuit" ], "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Imperial Valley Computer Manufacturing LLC (IVCM)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [ "Sierra Club" ], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Sierra Club (San Diego/San Gorgonio chapters; atty Kathryn Pettit) sued Imperial County over the Board of Supervisors' April 2026 lot-merger approval for the ~$10B IVCM data center, alleging illegal CEQA 'segmentation' — breaking the project into pieces approved piecemeal to avoid environmental review — and that the county overrode its planning commission before it could decide. It is a second, separate CEQA challenge alongside the City of Imperial's suit, and reportedly the Sierra Club's first legal action against the county since 1999.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kpbs.org/news/environment/2026/05/27/sierra-club-sues-imperial-county-over-approval-of-massive-data-center-complex", "title": "Sierra Club sues Imperial County over data center approval" }, { "url": "https://www.thedesertreview.com/news/local/sierra-club-seeks-to-join-lawsuit-challenging-imperial-county-data-center-approval/article_af478516-f23e-4fe9-945d-2374a79e9d72.html", "title": "Sierra Club seeks to challenge Imperial County data center approval" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-08", "authority_level": "court", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water", "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "imperial-irrigation-district-election-data-center-2026-06-02", "jurisdiction": "Imperial Irrigation District (voters reject data-center-backed board candidate), CA", "state": "CA", "county": "Imperial County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 32.792, "lng": -115.5631, "date": "2026-06-02", "action_type": [ "utility_regulation", "other_opposition" ], "status": "defeated", "scope": "local", "company": "Imperial Valley Computer Manufacturing LLC (IVCM)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In the June 2, 2026 primary (results reported June 5), Imperial Irrigation District Division 1 incumbent Alex Cardenas (~1,700 votes) defeated Carlos Duran (~900), a former IVCM spokesperson whom the data center developer backed with ~$30,000. IID holds final say over any energy (and potentially water) contracts for data centers — as of spring 2026 the IVCM project still had no IID contracts — so opponents framed the result as voters 'rejecting special interests.' Three of five IID seats were up in 2026; IID Chair Karin Eugenio, an IVCM critic, was re-elected board leader.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kpbs.org/news/politics/2026/06/05/imperial-county-voters-reject-data-center-backed-candidate-for-water-and-power-utility", "title": "Imperial County voters reject data-center-backed IID candidate" }, { "url": "https://www.kpbs.org/news/environment/2026/04/16/imperial-valley-utility-could-decide-fate-of-massive-data-center-following-key-vote", "title": "Imperial Valley utility could decide fate of massive data center" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-08", "authority_level": "voters", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "ratepayer", "transparency" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "ctr-american-data-power-salton-sea-2026-01-30", "jurisdiction": "Imperial County / Salton Sea Lithium Valley (CTR geothermal-powered data center complex), CA", "state": "CA", "county": "Imperial County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 33.203, "lng": -115.584, "date": "2026-01-30", "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Controlled Thermal Resources (CTR) / American Data Power", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Hell's Kitchen geothermal energy complex", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 600, "acreage": 4000, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On Jan 30, 2026, Salton Sea lithium developer Controlled Thermal Resources (CTR) launched a subsidiary, American Data Power, to build a 600 MW geothermal energy complex on ~4,000 acres ('Hell's Kitchen') to power data centers/AI off-grid, with plans for six new geothermal plants (Stage One 50 MW near construction readiness). It is the clearest case of Imperial County's lithium boom pivoting to data center power. Environmental-justice advocates warn it could be a 'gateway' for more data centers that won't bring lithium-industry-level jobs, and tribal consultation with the Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians has been described as 'uneven at best.'", "sources": [ { "url": "https://calexicochronicle.com/2026/01/30/ctr-launches-american-data-power-in-lithium-valley/", "title": "CTR launches American Data Power in Lithium Valley" }, { "url": "https://www.kpbs.org/news/environment/2026/02/12/what-one-companys-shift-towards-data-centers-says-about-imperial-countys-lithium-industry", "title": "What one company's shift toward data centers says about Imperial County's lithium industry" }, { "url": "https://undark.org/2026/02/11/clean-energy-salton-sea/", "title": "Clean energy and the Salton Sea (Undark)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-08", "authority_level": "developer", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water", "community_impact", "grid_energy" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "brunswick-me-moratorium-2026-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Town of Brunswick (180-day data center moratorium), ME", "state": "ME", "county": "Cumberland County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 43.9145, "lng": -69.9653, "date": "2026-06-01", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 1, 2026 the Brunswick, Maine Town Council unanimously approved a 180-day moratorium (through ~Dec 2026) on processing applications for new or expanded data centers with electrical demand of 1 MW or greater, to study impacts and draft regulations. It followed Gov. Mills's April 2026 veto of statewide moratorium bill LD 307 and a failed override; Brunswick joins Westbrook and Scarborough among Maine towns enacting local pauses.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.pressherald.com/2026/06/01/brunswick-passes-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Brunswick passes data center moratorium (Portland Press Herald)" }, { "url": "https://spectrumlocalnews.com/me/maine/news/2026/06/08/brunswick--scarborough-enact-data-center-moratoriums", "title": "Brunswick, Scarborough enact data center moratoriums (Spectrum News Maine)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-16", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "moosic-borough-pa-ordinance-2026-06-08", "jurisdiction": "Moosic Borough (comprehensive data center ordinance), PA", "state": "PA", "county": "Lackawanna County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 41.3534, "lng": -75.746, "date": "2026-06-08", "action_type": [ "ordinance", "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Moosic Borough (Lackawanna County) is finalizing one of the county's most comprehensive data center ordinances, with a Borough Council public hearing targeted for its June 8, 2026 meeting. The ordinance strictly defines and regulates data centers and requires water, electricity, and environmental studies before any project advances; Council President Marilyn French sought expert feedback from the PA State Association of Boroughs. It responds to developer interest in campuses near residential areas across the Midvalley.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.audacy.com/wilknews/news/local/moosic-borough-moves-closer-to-passing-strict-data-center-laws", "title": "Moosic Borough moves closer to passing strict data center laws (NewsRadio WILK)" }, { "url": "https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/moosic-ordinance-regulating-data-centers-190600840.html", "title": "Moosic to work on ordinance regulating data centers" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-16", "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "grid_energy", "environmental" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "warren-township-nj-somerset-ban-2026-05-18", "jurisdiction": "Warren Township, Somerset County (data center ban, first reading), NJ", "state": "NJ", "county": "Somerset County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 40.6276, "lng": -74.5132, "date": "2026-06-18", "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "ordinance" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Warren Township (Somerset County, NJ) Committee approved the first reading (May 18, 2026) of an ordinance — introduced by Committeeman Daniel Croson — that would prohibit data centers as a permitted use in all zoning districts townshipwide, citing energy/water demands amid rising NJ utility costs plus noise, stormwater, heat, and tree-removal concerns. A public hearing and possible final adoption were scheduled for June 18, 2026. (Distinct from Warren County NJ and the Indianapolis/Warren Township IN entry.) [Update 2026-06-22: Update to the existing Warren Township entry. After first-reading approval (5-0) in May, the Township Committee held the public hearing and final adoption vote on its ordinance banning data centers as a permitted use in every zoning district at the June 18, 2026 meeting (reported by GovTech as a 5-0 ban approval ~June 18-20). Committeeman Daniel Croson,...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.warrennj.org/m/newsflash/home/detail/606", "title": "Warren Township advances ordinance prohibiting data centers in all zones (official)" }, { "url": "https://patch.com/new-jersey/warren/warren-township-moves-ban-data-centers-all-zoning-districts", "title": "Warren Township moves to ban data centers in all zoning districts (Patch)" }, { "url": "https://www.govtech.com/artificial-intelligence/data-center-bans-emerge-in-4-more-new-jersey-communities", "title": "Data Center Bans Emerge in 4 More New Jersey Communities - GovTech" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water", "ratepayer", "noise" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "lexington-fayette-ky-dartpoints-moratorium-2026-06-08", "jurisdiction": "Lexington-Fayette Urban County (no incentives for DartPoints + council moratorium), KY", "state": "KY", "county": "Fayette County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 38.0406, "lng": -84.5037, "date": "2026-06-08", "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "moratorium" ], "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "DartPoints", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 8, 2026 Lexington Mayor Linda Gorton announced the city will not provide public incentives to DartPoints, which closed a ~$29M private purchase of the former Lexmark property (745 W. New Circle Rd, ~29.5 acres) for a data center expansion; Gorton backs 'very tight controls,' noting data centers add few jobs while raising resident utility costs. Around June 9 the Urban County Council unanimously passed a moratorium on new data center approvals through Oct 31, 2026, with a Planning Commission public input session June 11.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wkyt.com/2026/06/08/dartpoints-data-center-coming-lexington-wont-get-city-incentives/", "title": "DartPoints data center won't get Lexington city incentives (WKYT)" }, { "url": "https://www.lex18.com/news/covering-kentucky/lexington-city-council-passes-moratorium-on-data-center-development", "title": "Lexington City Council passes data center moratorium (LEX18)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-16", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "community_impact", "tax_incentive" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "fayetteville-ar-conditional-use-2026-06-04", "jurisdiction": "Fayetteville (data center conditional-use amendments proposed), AR", "state": "AR", "county": "Washington County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 36.0626, "lng": -94.1574, "date": "2026-06-16", "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "ordinance" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 4, 2026 Fayetteville Mayor Molly Rawn (with Councilman Scott Berna) announced proposed ordinance amendments making data centers a conditional use across all zoning districts (currently by-right in I-2 industrial), giving the Planning Commission discretion over impacts and requiring cooling descriptions, heat-containment verification, an energy management plan, and water-use projections. A council agenda session was set for June 9 with a possible vote June 16; 50+ residents rallied for tighter rules. RESOLVED: On June 16, 2026 the Fayetteville City Council voted 8-0 to adopt UDC amendments making data centers a conditional use restricted to the I-2 General Industrial district, with an emergency clause (effective immediately) and a floor amendment requiring a 1,000-ft buffer from any district permitting residential uses. CUP applicants must show no negative impact on water/electric customers, verify heat won't cross property lines, file an energy management plan, and state water use.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nwaonline.com/news/2026/jun/09/fayetteville-city-council-working-to-beef-up/", "title": "Fayetteville council working to beef up data center regulations (NWA Democrat-Gazette)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "clay-county-fl-moratorium-2026-06-09", "jurisdiction": "Clay County (12-month data center moratorium, first hearing), FL", "state": "FL", "county": "Clay County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 29.9919, "lng": -81.6784, "date": "2026-06-23", "action_type": [ "moratorium", "public_comment" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 9, 2026 the Clay County (FL) Commission held the first of two required public hearings on a proposed 12-month moratorium halting rezoning and permitting for data centers in unincorporated Clay County while staff study water, grid, and environmental impacts. The hearing drew one of the largest crowds in recent memory; no vote was taken, with the final hearing set for June 23, 2026. The second and final public hearing and expected vote on the 12-month moratorium is set for June 23, 2026; no vote occurred at the June 9 first hearing. [Update 2026-06-22: No change yet to report, but confirmed on schedule: the Clay County (FL) Commission's second and final required public hearing and expected vote on a proposed 12-month data center moratorium (halting rezoning/permitting in unincorporated Clay while staff study water/grid/environmental impacts) is set for June 23, 2026. No vote was taken at the June 9...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.firstcoastnews.com/article/news/community/clay-county-commissioners-consider-one-year-pause-on-data-centers/77-27ed60eb-d1b8-4a41-8902-8a7963a0d7af", "title": "Clay County hearing on data center pause draws large crowd (First Coast News)" }, { "url": "https://www.clayviews.com/p/packed-house-confronts-county-commission", "title": "Packed House Confronts County Commission Over Data Centers (Clay Views)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "environmental", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "gardner-ks-moratorium-failed-2026-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Gardner (data center moratorium failed for lack of a second), KS", "state": "KS", "county": "Johnson County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 38.8108, "lng": -94.9272, "date": "2026-06-01", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "defeated", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 1, 2026 a proposed six-month data center moratorium FAILED at the Gardner (KS) City Council — Councilmember Kelly Johnson's motion died for lack of a second; Vice President Kacy Deaton argued the city retains flexibility to 'require more' from developers. Residents had pushed for an 18-month pause and zoning definitions. (Distinct from the prior Gardner Beale-project withdrawal entry.) Neighboring Edgerton set its own moratorium consideration for June 11.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://johnsoncountypost.com/2026/06/02/gardner-edgerton-data-center-moratoriums-287614/", "title": "Gardner data center moratorium fizzles, Edgerton is next (Johnson County Post)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-16", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "loss", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "edmond-ok-moratorium-2026-06-08", "jurisdiction": "City of Edmond (data center moratorium), OK", "state": "OK", "county": "Oklahoma County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 35.6529, "lng": -97.4779, "date": "2026-06-08", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 8, 2026 the Edmond (OK) City Council voted 5-0 to enact an immediate moratorium on accepting new data center applications through Dec 31, 2026, giving the city ~5 months to study water, electricity, zoning, and cost-recovery impacts (OSU offered to research 117 water/energy questions). Vice Mayor Barry Moore cited how data centers have 'torn apart' communities.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://okenergytoday.com/2026/06/edmond-approves-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Edmond approves data center moratorium (Oklahoma Energy Today)" }, { "url": "https://nondoc.com/2026/06/09/edmond-city-council-data-centers-dialogue-moratorium/", "title": "Edmond approves data center moratorium as dialogue grows (NonDoc)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-16", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "zoning", "ratepayer" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "spokane-wa-moratorium-2026-06-10", "jurisdiction": "City of Spokane (one-year data center moratorium introduced), WA", "state": "WA", "county": "Spokane County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 47.6588, "lng": -117.426, "date": "2026-06-15", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "delayed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 10, 2026 Spokane City Council members Paul Dillon, Sarah Dixit, and Kate Telis introduced an ordinance imposing an immediate one-year citywide moratorium on permits for new computer data centers, with a council vote scheduled June 15, 2026. On June 15 the City Council pulled the moratorium ordinance from the agenda, delaying the vote to ~June 22 to clarify scope so it does not snag the Spokane Aerospace Tech Hub. The delay followed Avista's June 12 announcement that it had PAUSED negotiations with a potential 125-500 MW data center customer to seek broader policy alignment. [Update 2026-06-22: DELAYED (confirms DB status). The Spokane City Council did NOT vote on the proposed one-year citywide data center moratorium on June 15, 2026 as scheduled. Council pulled the emergency ordinance from the agenda before the meeting began, lacking the supermajority needed for emergency action and citing the need to define energy-capacity thresholds so a ban...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://my.spokanecity.org/news/releases/2026/06/10/council-members-introduce-an-ordinance-imposing-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Council members introduce ordinance imposing data center moratorium (City of Spokane)" }, { "url": "https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2026/jun/15/spokane-council-delays-data-center-moratorium-unti/", "title": "Spokane council delays data center moratorium until at least next week (Spokesman-Review)" }, { "url": "https://www.king5.com/article/news/state/spokane-city-council-delays-vote-data-center-moratorium-delayed/293-38c1aa9b-945b-4931-ac4a-87a089bb7734", "title": "Spokane City Council delays vote on data center moratorium (KING5)" }, { "url": "https://www.inlander.com/news/news-briefs-avista-pauses-data-center-request-that-sparked-a-one-year-moratorium-by-spokane/article_74c9c3c5-935f-44ae-b004-35280fe27418.html", "title": "Avista pauses data center request that sparked moratorium (Inlander)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "box-elder-county-ut-180-day-moratorium-2026-06-10", "jurisdiction": "Box Elder County (180-day data center moratorium; Stratos/MIDA exempt), UT", "state": "UT", "county": "Box Elder County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 41.5102, "lng": -112.0155, "date": "2026-06-17", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": "Stratos Project (exempt)", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 10, 2026 the Box Elder County Commission unanimously approved a 180-day moratorium on new data center development in unincorporated Box Elder County (zoned and unzoned land), to study land-use codes and data-center guidelines. The Kevin O'Leary-backed Stratos Project is EXPLICITLY EXEMPT because MIDA projects bypass standard local land-use approval — so residents (BEAR mobilized for the meeting) argued the moratorium is insufficient; one told commissioners 'your descendants will curse you.' Hence a mixed outcome. [Update 2026-06-22: In-window follow-up coverage (Utah Public Radio, June 17, 2026; KSL) on the Box Elder County Commission's June 10, 2026 unanimous 180-day moratorium on new data centers and data-center power plants in unincorporated areas. The reporting explicitly confirms the moratorium does NOT apply to the controversial Stratos Project, because the commission...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ksl.com/article/news/business/box-elder-county-commissioners-approve-data-center-moratorium-stratos-project-exempt/51509683", "title": "Box Elder commissioners approve data-center moratorium; Stratos exempt (KSL)" }, { "url": "https://www.sltrib.com/news/2026/06/10/box-elder-county-consider/", "title": "O'Leary data center still coming even after Box Elder moratorium (Salt Lake Tribune)" }, { "url": "https://www.fox13now.com/news/local-news/box-elder-county/box-elder-county-imposes-180-day-moratorium-on-new-data-centers-with-a-catch", "title": "Box Elder imposes 180-day data center moratorium, with a catch (Fox13)" }, { "url": "https://www.upr.org/utah-news/2026-06-17/box-elder-data-center-moratorium-stratos", "title": "Box Elder County approves moratorium on data centers. Too late, some say. | Utah Public Radio" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "water", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "montgomery-county-md-elrich-eo-moratorium-2026-06-13", "jurisdiction": "Montgomery County (Executive Elrich 6-month data center moratorium EO), MD", "state": "MD", "county": "Montgomery County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 39.084, "lng": -77.1528, "date": "2026-06-13", "action_type": [ "moratorium", "executive_action" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 13, 2026 Montgomery County Executive Marc Elrich signed an executive order imposing a six-month moratorium on new data center permits, directing the Department of Permitting Services to stop accepting or processing applications, effective immediately — including the prospective data center at the decommissioned Dickerson power plant site. Elrich stressed 'it's not a ban' but a window to set clear rules.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://wtop.com/maryland/2026/06/montgomery-county-rolls-out-a-6-month-moratorium-on-permits-for-data-centers/", "title": "Montgomery County rolls out 6-month data center permit moratorium (WTOP)" }, { "url": "https://www.montgomerycountymd.gov/news/montgomery-update-county-executive-signs-data-center-moratorium-executive-order-preserving-affordable-housing-upcoming-red-line-disruptions", "title": "County Executive signs data center moratorium executive order (official)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "red-bank-nj-ban-statewide-call-2026-06-11", "jurisdiction": "Borough of Red Bank (data center ban + first NJ call for statewide moratorium), NJ", "state": "NJ", "county": "Monmouth County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 40.3471, "lng": -74.0643, "date": "2026-06-11", "action_type": [ "ordinance", "zoning_restriction", "other_opposition" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 11, 2026 the Red Bank Borough Council unanimously voted to ban data centers (final adoption) and unanimously passed an 'AI Accountability Proclamation' calling on the State of New Jersey to pause construction of new large-scale data centers statewide until oversight laws exist — making Red Bank the first NJ municipality to formally call for a statewide moratorium.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.roi-nj.com/2026/06/15/industry/energy-utilities/red-bank-council-votes-to-ban-data-centers-calls-on-state-to-pause-construction-of-facilities-in-other-towns/", "title": "Red Bank bans data centers, calls on state to pause construction (ROI-NJ)" }, { "url": "https://www.insidernj.com/press-release/red-bank-bans-data-centers-calls-on-new-jersey-to-do-the-same/", "title": "Red Bank bans data centers, calls on NJ to do the same (InsiderNJ)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "ratepayer", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "old-bridge-township-nj-ban-draft-2026-06-12", "jurisdiction": "Old Bridge Township (drafting permanent data center ban), NJ", "state": "NJ", "county": "Middlesex County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 40.4126, "lng": -74.3293, "date": "2026-06-12", "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "After a heated, packed public meeting (~June 9), the Old Bridge Township (Middlesex County) Council moved to draft an ordinance that would permanently ban data centers township-wide, escalating from an initially-floated three-year moratorium. No data center application has been filed; the move is preemptive and still in the drafting stage.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://newjersey.news12.com/2026/06/12/old-bridge-considers-preventative-ai-data-center-ban-following-heated-public-meeting/zbG6eY9Z5eWpVNGexLQU0", "title": "Old Bridge considers preventative AI data center ban (News12 NJ)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "anderson-county-tn-moratorium-2026-06-15", "jurisdiction": "Anderson County (2-year moratorium on data centers, crypto mining, battery storage), TN", "state": "TN", "county": "Anderson County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 36.1067, "lng": -84.1291, "date": "2026-06-15", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 15, 2026 the Anderson County (TN) Commission approved a two-year moratorium on new cryptocurrency mining, data processing, and battery storage development (facilities ≥20,000 sq ft or 5+ MW) after residents packed the meeting, to study regulations the county currently lacks.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wvlt.tv/2026/06/16/anderson-county-commission-proposes-2-year-moratorium-local-data-centers/", "title": "Anderson County 2-year data center moratorium (WVLT)" }, { "url": "https://tennesseelookout.com/2026/06/15/local-tennessee-officials-are-putting-data-center-plans-on-ice-to-consider-regulations/", "title": "Tennessee officials put data center plans on ice (Tennessee Lookout)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "spartanburg-county-sc-moratorium-2026-06-15", "jurisdiction": "Spartanburg County (Council directs drafting of data center moratorium), SC", "state": "SC", "county": "Spartanburg County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 34.9496, "lng": -81.932, "date": "2026-06-22", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": "LightHouse Data Centers / Lightstone Group", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 15, 2026 the Spartanburg County (SC) Council unanimously directed the county manager and attorney to draft a data center moratorium/ban ordinance while awaiting state legislation. The existing NorthMark data center (Pine Street, 450 MW) is unaffected; the trigger is 'Project Lighthouse' (300 Jones Road, ~60 MW, a Bitcoin-mining site purchased by LightHouse/Lightstone). [Update 2026-06-22: On June 22, 2026 the Spartanburg County Council unanimously passed FIRST READING of a 12-month data center moratorium ordinance, directing staff to hold in abeyance any new data center development applications submitted on or after the first-reading date. The moratorium can be extended by council vote and requires three readings total to become law. It...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.postandcourier.com/spartanburg/news/spartanburg-county-council-data-center-moratorium-northmark/article_ac402d07-de2f-4e55-9d28-b4dbcdb570e0.html", "title": "Spartanburg County Council directs data center moratorium (Post and Courier)" }, { "url": "https://www.wspa.com/news/local-news/spartanburg-county-council-to-explore-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Spartanburg County to explore data center moratorium (WSPA)" }, { "url": "https://www.postandcourier.com/spartanburg/news/spartanburg-county-data-center-moratorium-vote/article_e0eba019-fc7a-45ef-bc5d-46cb02e56a3f.html", "title": "Spartanburg County Council votes for data center moratorium (Post and Courier)" }, { "url": "https://www.wspa.com/news/local-news/spartanburg-county-council-gives-first-approval-of-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Spartanburg County Council gives first approval of data center moratorium (WSPA)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water", "noise" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "greenwood-county-sc-moratorium-2026-06-16", "jurisdiction": "Greenwood County (1-year data center moratorium under consideration), SC", "state": "SC", "county": "Greenwood County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 34.1954, "lng": -82.1618, "date": "2026-06-16", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In the June 16-17, 2026 window the Greenwood County (SC) Council took up a proposed one-year data center moratorium, saying it wants preemptive regulations though no projects are currently proposed; residents questioned officials' motives. It sits alongside Spartanburg and York County actions in a June SC local-moratorium wave. [Update 2026-06-22: Procedural detail/refinement: at the June 16, 2026 meeting the Greenwood County (SC) Council held first reading of a proposed zoning ordinance amendment that would add data centers to the county zoning code and require a conditional-use permit plus standards for noise, lighting, and buffers between facilities and neighboring properties — alongside...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wspa.com/news/local-news/greenwood-co-considers-data-center-regulations-residents-question-motives/", "title": "Greenwood County considers data center regulations (WSPA)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "edgerton-ks-damac-denial-moratorium-2026-06-11", "jurisdiction": "Edgerton (DAMAC data center denied; 6-month moratorium also denied), KS", "state": "KS", "county": "Johnson County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 38.7689, "lng": -95.008, "date": "2026-06-11", "action_type": [ "permit_denial", "moratorium" ], "status": "mixed", "scope": "local", "company": "DAMAC Digital", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Two-part Edgerton (KS) action: on June 11, 2026 the Planning Commission DENIED (3-2) Dubai-based DAMAC Digital's ~$860M data center (a conversion of a ~400,000-sq-ft warehouse at Logistics Park Kansas City) for failing site-engineering standards (above-ground generator fuel storage), though DAMAC may resubmit; then on June 13 the City Council voted 3-2 to DENY a proposed six-month data center moratorium. A mixed outcome — the specific project was blocked but the broader pause failed.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://johnsoncountypost.com/2026/06/11/edgerton-denies-data-center-288433/", "title": "Edgerton Planning Commission denies DAMAC data center (Johnson County Post)" }, { "url": "https://johnsoncountypost.com/2026/06/16/edgerton-denies-data-center-moratorium-288799/", "title": "Edgerton City Council denies data center moratorium (Johnson County Post)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "council-bluffs-ia-moratorium-denied-2026-06-15", "jurisdiction": "Council Bluffs (data center moratorium denied), IA", "state": "IA", "county": "Pottawattamie County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 41.2619, "lng": -95.8608, "date": "2026-06-15", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "defeated", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 15, 2026 the Council Bluffs (IA) City Council voted unanimously to DENY a proposed one-year data center moratorium, opting for a wastewater-management plan instead as the city nears wastewater capacity. Council Bluffs hosts Google's oldest/largest U.S. data center campus (~$7B+, with a May 2026 additional $7B Iowa expansion); the moratorium was prompted by wastewater-capacity concerns, not a specific new project. [Update 2026-06-22: On June 15, 2026, the Council Bluffs City Council voted unanimously, following a public hearing, to deny Mayor Jill Shudak's proposed moratorium (up to a one-year pause) on new data center projects, which she sought to study infrastructure capacity, ordinances, and siting/build standards. Council members cited economic concerns and argued...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kmaland.com/news/council-bluffs-council-denies-proposed-moratorium-on-new-data-centers/article_57610dda-a991-41c5-99a5-d4bd772cd936.html", "title": "Council Bluffs denies proposed data center moratorium (KMAland)" }, { "url": "https://www.radioiowa.com/2026/06/18/council-bluffs-city-council-rejects-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Council Bluffs City Council rejects data center moratorium - Radio Iowa" }, { "url": "https://nonpareilonline.com/news/local/government-politics/article_9b0aef1f-c84b-4eb0-a8a8-bfd4c4b1ef31.html", "title": "City Council denies proposed pause on new data centers in Council Bluffs - Daily Nonpareil" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "loss", "issue_category": [ "water", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "yankton-county-sd-moratorium-2026-06-16", "jurisdiction": "Yankton County (temporary data center moratorium, first reading), SD", "state": "SD", "county": "Yankton County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 42.8711, "lng": -97.3973, "date": "2026-06-16", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": "A1 Development Solutions", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 16, 2026 the Yankton County (SD) Commission held a first reading of a resolution for a temporary moratorium of up to 12 months on data centers and Bitcoin-mining facilities exceeding a power-capacity threshold, prompted by reports of a possible data center; a capacity crowd attended. A1 Development Solutions said it is analyzing eastern SD locations with no current Yankton commitment. [Update 2026-06-22: STILL PENDING - no formal action taken, research continuing. At a packed June 16, 2026 meeting the Yankton County Commission debated a draft resolution (by Commissioner Ryan Heine) for up to a 12-month moratorium on data centers / Bitcoin-mining facilities exceeding 250 kW, prompted by reports of a possible data center. Commissioners could take no action...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.kynt1450.com/2026/06/16/285378/", "title": "Yankton County considers data center moratorium (KYNT)" }, { "url": "https://www.yankton.net/community/article_ba8fb3d6-f80e-4123-8a79-3f6bbe395390.html", "title": "Yankton County data center moratorium first reading (Yankton Daily Press)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "zoning", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "liberty-township-oh-butler-pud-2026-06-15", "jurisdiction": "Liberty Township, Butler County (data center PUD-review requirement), OH", "state": "OH", "county": "Butler County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 39.364, "lng": -84.425, "date": "2026-06-15", "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": "Prologis", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Project Mila", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Around June 15, 2026 the Liberty Township (Butler County, OH) Zoning Commission approved a proposed change requiring data center projects to go through the planned-unit-development (PUD) process — case-by-case trustee approval rather than an outright ban. It advances to a township trustees vote/hearing July 7, driven by concerns over the neighboring Trenton 'Project Mila' (Prologis).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wcpo.com/news/local-news/butler-county/liberty-township/liberty-township-zoning-commission-advances-data-center-restrictions-to-trustees-for-final-vote", "title": "Liberty Township advances data center restrictions to trustees (WCPO)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "authority_level": "planning_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water", "noise" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "arizona-budget-tax-exemption-pause-az-2026-06-15", "jurisdiction": "Arizona statewide (3-year pause on new data center tax exemptions, signed in FY budget)", "state": "AZ", "county": null, "county_lean": null, "lat": 33.4484, "lng": -112.074, "date": "2026-06-15", "action_type": [ "moratorium", "legislation", "utility_regulation" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "statewide", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 15, 2026 Gov. Katie Hobbs signed Arizona's ~$18B FY budget, which includes a three-year moratorium on NEW data center sales/use tax exemptions. Existing data centers keep their exemptions (5-10 year terms) and new facilities can still be built — they just cannot newly qualify for the incentive during the pause. The 2013-era incentive costs the state ~$38M/year; a mixed outcome curbing subsidies without restricting development.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://news.bloomberglaw.com/ip-law/arizona-data-center-tax-incentive-pause-signed-by-governor-hobbs", "title": "Arizona data center tax incentive pause signed by Gov. Hobbs (Bloomberg Law)" }, { "url": "https://www.azfamily.com/2026/06/10/arizona-budget-deal-includes-3-year-pause-data-center-tax-exemptions/", "title": "Arizona budget deal includes 3-year pause on data center tax exemptions (AZFamily)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "authority_level": "governor", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "hood-county-tx-comanche-circle-approval-2026-06-17", "jurisdiction": "Hood County (Comanche Circle data center approved without conditions under lawsuit threat), TX", "state": "TX", "county": "Hood County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 32.4421, "lng": -97.7942, "date": "2026-06-17", "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "other_opposition" ], "status": "approved", "scope": "local", "company": "Sailfish Development", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": "Comanche Circle", "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 5000, "acreage": 2600, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Hood County (TX) commissioners approved the Comanche Circle data center (Sailfish Development; up to ~9 campuses / ~2,600 acres near Tolar, up to 5 GW) WITHOUT conditions after the developer threatened to sue. County Attorney Matthew Mills said commissioners felt compelled to approve to avoid litigation ('we got to pick our battles here'); a recent public meeting devolved into a shouting match between Mills and residents.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.keranews.org/energy-environment/2026-06-17/rural-north-texas-counties-data-center-moratorium-regulation-lawsuits", "title": "Rural North Texas counties face data center lawsuits (KERA)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "loss", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "community_impact", "noise" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "santa-fe-county-nm-moratorium-2026-06-16", "jurisdiction": "Santa Fe County (yearlong data center moratorium advancing), NM", "state": "NM", "county": "Santa Fe County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 35.687, "lng": -105.9378, "date": "2026-06-16", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Santa Fe County (NM) commissioners are advancing a yearlong moratorium on data center developments, with a public hearing and vote expected in late June; Commissioner Lisa Cacari Stone framed it as a 'meaningful pause' to develop land-use and environmental standards. No data centers currently exist in Northern NM; the action follows neighboring Socorro County's June 9 yearlong moratorium. [Update 2026-06-22: STILL PENDING - public hearing + vote expected late June. Santa Fe County commissioners are advancing a proposed yearlong moratorium on data-center developments countywide (covering hyperscale, AI computing, colocation and crypto-mining). There are no active proposed projects; commissioners (incl. Lisa Cacari Stone) want regulations ready, citing...]", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.santafenewmexican.com/news/local_news/santa-fe-county-eyes-yearlong-data-center-moratorium/article_12c46f96-6c21-42f7-9f3d-273c0efec0f8.html", "title": "Santa Fe County eyes yearlong data center moratorium (Santa Fe New Mexican)" }, { "url": "https://www.kob.com/news/top-news/another-new-mexico-county-considers-a-moratorium-on-data-centers/", "title": "Another New Mexico county considers a moratorium on data centers (KOB)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "water", "environmental", "zoning", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "lummis-power-up-act-federal-2026-06-17", "jurisdiction": "U.S. Senate (Sen. Lummis POWER Up Act — FERC authority over data center grid connections)", "state": "US", "county": null, "county_lean": null, "lat": null, "lng": null, "date": "2026-06-17", "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "federal", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On ~June 17, 2026 Sen. Cynthia Lummis (R-WY) introduced the POWER Up Act, which would give FERC authority to approve or reject data centers' connections to certain transmission grids — a notable GOP move toward federal oversight of large-load interconnection, paralleling FERC's pending RM26-4 rulemaking. Distinct from Sen. Schiff's Energy Cost Fairness and Reliability Act.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/gop-bill-put-data-center-grid-access-federal-oversight-rcna350263", "title": "GOP bill would put data center grid access under federal oversight (NBC News)" }, { "url": "https://www.lummis.senate.gov/press-releases/lummis-introduces-legislation-to-modernize-rules-for-high-power-grid-connections/", "title": "Lummis Introduces Legislation to Modernize Rules for High-Power Grid Connections (Sen. Lummis)" }, { "url": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/republican-senator-introduces-bill-to-impose-federal-rules-on-data-center-grid-connections/", "title": "Republican senator introduces bill to impose federal rules on data center grid connections (DCD)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "ratepayer" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "tooele-county-ut-study-resolution-2026-06-17", "jurisdiction": "Tooele County (Resolution 2026-18 directing data center ordinance study), UT", "state": "UT", "county": "Tooele County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 40.5308, "lng": -112.2983, "date": "2026-06-17", "action_type": [ "study_or_report", "regulatory_action" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 17, 2026 the Tooele County (UT) Council adopted Resolution 2026-18 directing Planning & Zoning, the County Manager, County Attorney, and Planning Commission to study and recommend revisions to the Land Use Ordinance and county code on data centers, the County Energy Excise Tax / high-impact provisions, and Significant Development Zone overlay standards. The council framed it as a response to data center 'misinformation,' noting no data center has been proposed.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.abc4.com/news/local-news/tooele-county-data-center-council-resolution-adopted/", "title": "Tooele County adopts data center study resolution (ABC4)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-17", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "tax_incentive", "design_standards" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "holyoke-ma-ai-ban-2026-06-18", "jurisdiction": "City of Holyoke", "state": "MA", "county": "Hampden", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 42.2043, "lng": -72.6162, "date": "2026-06-18", "action_type": [ "ordinance", "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": "Chestnut River Power and Infrastructure", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 12, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Holyoke became the first Massachusetts city to enact a citywide ban on AI data centers. The City Council voted 9-4 on June 16-17 to prohibit any AI data center development over 12 megawatts, and Mayor Joshua Garcia signed the restrictions into effect on June 18, 2026. The ban was prompted by Chestnut River Power and Infrastructure's proposed 20-megawatt, ~$200 million facility at 100 Water Street; the developer said it would review the ordinance and explore alternatives. Distinct from Mansfield MA's May town-meeting zoning bylaw (which is a tiered restriction awaiting AG approval, not a citywide ban).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://gazettenet.com/2026/06/17/holyoke-first-in-state-to-ban-development-of-ai-data-centers/", "title": "Holyoke first in state to ban development of AI data centers - Daily Hampshire Gazette" }, { "url": "https://www.wamc.org/news/2026-06-17/holyoke-city-council-approves-data-center-ban", "title": "Holyoke City Council approves data center ban - WAMC" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "sayreville-nj-moratorium-2026-06-15", "jurisdiction": "Sayreville Borough", "state": "NJ", "county": "Middlesex", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 40.4593, "lng": -74.361, "date": "2026-06-15", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Sayreville Borough Council introduced an 18-month moratorium on data center construction on June 15, 2026, with five members voting yes; the freeze would block new data center facilities through the end of 2027. Council President John Zebrowski brought the measure to allow time to study whether data centers fit the borough. Councilman Herve Blemur's push for a permanent ban instead failed on a 3-3 tie, with Mayor Kennedy O'Brien breaking the tie against it over litigation concerns. The ordinance is not yet law; a public hearing and final vote are scheduled for July 20, 2026. No data center application is currently pending in Sayreville.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://magic983.com/2026/06/22/sayreville-council-approves-18-month-data-center-moratorium-rejects-permanent-ban/", "title": "Sayreville Council Approves 18-Month Data Center Moratorium, Rejects Permanent Ban - Magic 98.3 FM" }, { "url": "https://patch.com/new-jersey/matawan-aberdeen/sayreville-latest-nj-town-question-data-centers", "title": "Sayreville The Latest NJ Town To Question Data Centers - Patch" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "bernards-township-nj-ban-2026-06-18", "jurisdiction": "Bernards Township", "state": "NJ", "county": "Somerset", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 40.6834, "lng": -74.5663, "date": "2026-06-18", "action_type": [ "ordinance", "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Bernards Township (Basking Ridge) is advancing Ordinance No. 2599, which would remove 'data processing centers' as a permitted use in the township's E1-E5 office zones and prohibit data centers township-wide unless otherwise allowed. The Township Committee introduced it May 26 and sent it to the Planning Board, which in mid-June found it 'not inconsistent' with the master plan and endorsed it. A public hearing and final adoption vote are scheduled for the June 23, 2026 Township Committee meeting. No data center application is pending; officials describe it as preemptive.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://patch.com/new-jersey/baskingridge/data-center-ban-ordinance-backed-bernards-township-planning-board", "title": "Data Center Ban Ordinance Backed By Bernards Township Planning Board - Patch" }, { "url": "https://patch.com/new-jersey/baskingridge/bernards-township-moves-ban-data-centers", "title": "Bernards Township Moves To Ban Data Centers - Patch" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "township_board", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "asbury-park-nj-ban-2026-06-10", "jurisdiction": "City of Asbury Park", "state": "NJ", "county": "Monmouth", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 40.2204, "lng": -74.0121, "date": "2026-06-10", "action_type": [ "ordinance", "other_opposition" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 10, 2026, the Asbury Park City Council unanimously passed a resolution banning data centers within city limits and calling on Gov. Mikie Sherrill to enact a statewide moratorium on new data center construction. The council cited impacts on the regional electrical grid, local water resources used for cooling, continuous noise, and diesel generator emissions. Mayor John Moor said 'data centers of this scale need land, water and power that a city like ours just doesn't have to spare.' Asbury Park joined Red Bank (which passed its ban a day later) in the wave of Monmouth County bans. Note: action dated June 10, just before the June 14 window, but flagged because it is absent from the tracked database.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://patch.com/new-jersey/asbury-park/asbury-park-passes-data-center-ban-within-city-limits", "title": "Asbury Park Passes Data Center Ban - Patch" }, { "url": "https://www.tapinto.net/towns/asbury-park/sections/government/articles/asbury-park-calls-for-statewide-halt-on-new-data-center-construction", "title": "Asbury Park Calls for Statewide Halt on New Data Center Construction - TAPinto" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water", "noise" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "chester-county-sc-moratorium-2026-06-15", "jurisdiction": "Chester County", "state": "SC", "county": "Chester County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 34.7044, "lng": -81.2126, "date": "2026-06-15", "action_type": [ "moratorium", "ordinance" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 15, 2026 the Chester County (SC) Council approved FIRST READING of a six-month pause on accepting new data center applications, to study power-grid demand, local utility capacity, environmental, economic, and community impacts. It applies to future applications only (none currently pending, though officials reported developer interest). Council Chair Pete Wilson framed it as a chance to 'learn from experts, hear from residents.' Chester recently adopted new data center zoning rules (water use, noise, setbacks); the pause sits alongside neighboring York County's moratorium effort in the Charlotte-region SC moratorium wave. Additional readings required to take effect.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.southcarolinapublicradio.org/sc-news/2026-06-18/chester-county-council-considers-temporary-pause-on-data-center-applications", "title": "Chester County Council approves first reading to pause future data center applications (SC Public Radio)" }, { "url": "https://www.wfae.org/charlotte-area/2026-06-18/chester-county-approves-temporary-moratorium-for-data-center-projects", "title": "Chester County approves temporary moratorium for data center projects (WFAE)" }, { "url": "https://www.wbtv.com/2026/06/19/york-county-discusses-project-palmetto-rock-chester-county-data-center-moratorium-rock-hill-juneteenth-celebration/", "title": "Chester County data center moratorium (WBTV)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "warren-county-tn-moratorium-2026-06-22", "jurisdiction": "Warren County", "state": "TN", "county": "Warren County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 35.6834, "lng": -85.77, "date": "2026-06-22", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 25, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Warren County (TN) scheduled a June 22, 2026 vote on a temporary data center ban/moratorium covering its entire jurisdiction, following the City of McMinnville's (in Warren County) unanimous June 9 final passage of an 18-month moratorium. The county-level push responds to the proposed ~96,064-sq-ft, 25 MW Hixson Data Center (natural-gas and diesel generators); officials cited concerns over electrical grid capacity, water and stormwater impacts, environmental and public-health concerns, noise, and community fit. Part of the June 22 Tennessee moratorium cluster with Knox County. Distinct from the existing McMinnville (city) entry.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.newschannel5.com/news/state/tennessee/warren-county/this-tenn-city-just-passed-a-pause-on-data-centers-town-hall-scheduled-to-discuss-future-regulations", "title": "This Tenn. city just passed a pause on data centers (NewsChannel 5)" }, { "url": "https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/artificial-intelligence/multiple-small-tennessee-counties-pass-temporary-data-center-bans-nashville-also-passed-near-unanimous-moratorium-on-first-reading", "title": "Multiple small Tennessee counties pass temporary data center bans (Tom's Hardware)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "butler-county-oh-moratorium-2026-06-16", "jurisdiction": "Butler County", "state": "OH", "county": "Butler County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 39.502, "lng": -84.57, "date": "2026-06-16", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": "Prologis", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On Tuesday June 16, 2026 the Butler County (Ohio) Commissioners voted unanimously to approve a six-month moratorium on data centers, effective immediately, covering the six townships under county zoning control (Hanover, Lemon, Madison, Milford, Oxford, Ross). All six townships had requested the pause; Oxford Township voted 3-0 for it on June 8. The moratorium bars approval, establishment, construction or permitting of any data center while the county studies the issue (it hired outside counsel Taft Stettinius & Hollister on June 9). It does NOT impact Prologis's ~1M sq ft 'Project Mila' data center already underway in Trenton, nor a separate proposed Trenton project. Commissioner Don Dixon cited water, sewer, and electrical infrastructure concerns.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wvxu.org/environment/2026-06-17/butler-county-approves-data-center-moratorium", "title": "Butler County Commissioners approve short-term data center moratorium — WVXU" }, { "url": "https://www.journal-news.com/local/butler-county-approves-6-month-data-center-moratorium/article_cdf1ab44-e310-5697-8a14-ebbf0311f198.html", "title": "Butler County approves 6-month data center moratorium — Journal-News" }, { "url": "https://www.oxfreepress.com/six-townships-voted-to-support-data-center-moratorium-what-now/", "title": "Six townships voted to support a data center moratorium. What now? — Oxford Free Press" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "la-crosse-county-wi-moratorium-2026-06-18", "jurisdiction": "La Crosse County", "state": "WI", "county": "La Crosse County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 43.8014, "lng": -91.2396, "date": "2026-06-18", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 2000, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On Thursday June 18, 2026 the La Crosse County (Wisconsin) Board of Supervisors approved an 18-month moratorium on new data center decisions and development by a 26-2 vote (two members absent; Ken Schlimgen and Jeff Fimreite the no votes). The pause lets a special committee, created in May and led by board members Dillon Mader and Lia Manock, study environmental and economic impacts and develop county policy. Supporters note it does not prohibit data centers from eventually locating in the county. Context: a roughly $2 billion data center proposal in the Driftless Area had earlier fallen apart.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wxow.com/news/la-crosse-county-board-approves-data-center-moratorium/article_89162c21-3240-4d86-9e2d-8a6c3489ddc8.html", "title": "La Crosse County Board approves data center moratorium — WXOW" }, { "url": "https://www.wizmnews.com/2026/06/18/mader-on-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Dillon Mader on La Crosse County Board passing 18-month data center moratorium — WIZM" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "springfield-oh-moratorium-2026-06-16", "jurisdiction": "City of Springfield (Clark County)", "state": "OH", "county": "Clark County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 39.9242, "lng": -83.8088, "date": "2026-06-16", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": "Crusoe Energy Systems", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 75, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "At its June 16, 2026 regular meeting, Springfield (Ohio / Clark County) Commissioner Larry Ricketts said he is working with city staff to draft an ordinance for a six-month moratorium on new data centers (renewable if the state does not regulate them), with a first reading expected within a couple of weeks. The pause would not affect data center work already underway. Named local projects: 5C Group's conversion of the former LexisNexis facility (601 Benjamin Dr) to a commercial-scale data center (Vultr/The Constant Company LLC renting space) and a planned 75 MW Crusoe Energy Systems data center. Residents tied to the Conserve Ohio ballot effort have pushed for the moratorium for months.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.springfieldnewssun.com/local/springfield-considering-6-month-moratorium-on-new-data-centers/article_b76c9ce1-5c85-52df-966d-98a08848711c.html", "title": "Springfield considering 6-month moratorium on new data centers — Springfield News-Sun" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "winnebago-county-wi-moratorium-2026-06-16", "jurisdiction": "Winnebago County", "state": "WI", "county": "Winnebago County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 44.0247, "lng": -88.5426, "date": "2026-06-16", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Announced June 16, 2026, Winnebago County (Wisconsin) Executive Gordon Hintz introduced a proposed 12-month data center moratorium that would initially cover four towns (Nekimi, Neenah, Omro, Algoma). It will be taken up by the county's Planning and Zoning Committee in July and, if approved there, advance to the full County Board. There is no specific data center proposal in the county currently; Microsoft's nearby Mount Pleasant expansion was cited as context. Not all supervisors back it (Supervisor Andy Buck opposed).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://fox11online.com/news/local/winnebago-county-to-pursue-12-month-data-center-moratorium", "title": "Winnebago County will pursue 12-month data center moratorium — FOX 11" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "broken-arrow-ok-moratorium-2026-06-15", "jurisdiction": "Broken Arrow", "state": "OK", "county": "Tulsa County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 36.0526, "lng": -95.7908, "date": "2026-06-15", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": "", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 52, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Broken Arrow City Council voted unanimously on Monday, June 15, 2026 to enact a six-month moratorium on data center proposals, effective immediately and expiring December 31, 2026, with an option to extend an additional six months. During the pause the city cannot accept, process, or approve rezonings, building permits, or other development approvals for data centers. The action followed a now-expired letter of intent between a private landowner and a prospective company for a ~52-acre site in east Broken Arrow; no company is publicly named. City Manager Michael Spurgeon said the city had been watching data-center proposals in other cities for 6-8 months and will use the pause to develop ordinances, guidelines, and land-use codes. Adds Broken Arrow to the growing list of Oklahoma (Tulsa-area) moratoria (Tulsa, OKC, Edmond, Luther).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.newson6.com/data-centers-in-oklahoma/broken-arrow-city-council-approves-6-month-moratorium-on-data-centers", "title": "Broken Arrow City Council approves 6-month moratorium on data centers - NewsOn6" }, { "url": "https://okenergytoday.com/2026/06/broken-arrow-pauses-data-center-applications/", "title": "Broken Arrow pauses data center applications - Oklahoma Energy Today" }, { "url": "https://basentinel.com/broken-arrow-approves-6-month-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Broken Arrow approves 6-month data center moratorium - Broken Arrow Sentinel" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "henderson-nv-moratorium-2026-06-16", "jurisdiction": "City of Henderson", "state": "NV", "county": null, "county_lean": "D", "lat": 36.0395, "lng": -114.9817, "date": "2026-06-16", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Henderson City Council introduced Bill No. 3927 at its June 16, 2026 meeting, a 180-day moratorium on conditional-use-permit applications for new data centers — which would make Henderson the first local government in Southern Nevada to pause data center construction. The bill was referred to the council's July 21, 2026 meeting for potential adoption; staff said it would be amended before then to let the council lift the moratorium sooner than 180 days. Mayor Michelle Romero cited interest in building additional data centers in Henderson and a desire to study resource impacts. NEW item.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.reviewjournal.com/local/henderson/henderson-city-council-introduces-moratorium-on-new-data-centers-3839299/", "title": "Henderson City Council introduces moratorium on new data centers — Las Vegas Review-Journal" }, { "url": "https://thenevadaindependent.com/article/henderson-considers-data-center-pause-amid-construction-boom-across-clark-county", "title": "Henderson considers data center pause amid construction boom across Clark County — The Nevada Independent" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water", "air_quality" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "yellowstone-county-mt-ballot-initiative-2026-06-18", "jurisdiction": "Yellowstone County", "state": "MT", "county": null, "county_lean": "R", "lat": 45.7833, "lng": -108.5007, "date": "2026-06-18", "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": "Quantica", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 16560, "summary": "Yellowstone County residents (led by Kassi Solberg) have submitted a citizen ballot initiative that would bar the county from approving construction or expansion of any data center without a special election in which two-thirds of voters approve. The initiative language is under county-attorney review; sponsors must collect 16,560 valid signatures (15% of registered voters) by August 12, 2026 to reach the November 2026 ballot. The effort is a response to Quantica's proposed data center and power plant near a substation at Broadview. NEW item — Yellowstone County not previously in DB (distinct from existing Butte and Montana statewide entries).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://montanafreepress.org/2026/06/18/how-some-montanans-are-taking-data-center-regulation-into-their-own-hands/", "title": "How some Montanans are taking data center regulation into their own hands — Montana Free Press" }, { "url": "https://www.kbzk.com/news/broadview-resident-proposes-putting-data-center-approval-to-voters", "title": "Broadview resident proposes putting data center approval to voters — KBZK" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "voters", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "transparency" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "skagit-county-wa-moratorium-2026-06-01", "jurisdiction": "Skagit County", "state": "WA", "county": null, "county_lean": "D", "lat": 48.4201, "lng": -122.334, "date": "2026-06-01", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Skagit County's Board of Commissioners voted June 1, 2026 to adopt a six-month interim moratorium on accepting data center permit applications in unincorporated/rural parts of the county, to protect farmland and water resources while it crafts regulations. The ordinance defines data centers as facilities larger than 2,000 sq ft or with anticipated load of 2 MW or greater. Commissioners Ron Wesen and Joe Burns voted yes; Peter Browning was absent. A public hearing is set for July 14, 2026 in Mount Vernon. NEW item — Skagit County not in DB. (Dated June 1, just before the 06-14 window, but surfaced in mid-June roundups and missing from the database.)", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.skagitcounty.net/Departments/Home/press/060126.htm", "title": "Skagit County Commissioners Adopt Moratorium on New Data Centers — Skagit County press release" }, { "url": "https://www.cascadiadaily.com/2026/jun/01/skagit-county-temporarily-bans-data-centers-to-protect-farmland-water/", "title": "Skagit County temporarily bans data centers to protect farmland, water — Cascadia Daily News" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "farmland", "water", "zoning" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "jefferson-county-co-moratorium-2026-05-19", "jurisdiction": "Jefferson County", "state": "CO", "county": null, "county_lean": "D", "lat": 39.7555, "lng": -105.2211, "date": "2026-05-19", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Jefferson County (CO) Board of Commissioners voted May 19, 2026 to impose a 10-month moratorium on new data center development, running through roughly March 2027. The moratorium applies to new applications for development of, or rezoning to allow, data centers, but excludes land already zoned for data centers via Planned Development provided the facility is at least 1,500 feet from any residence. Commissioners cited wildland-urban interface, water supply (amid Colorado drought), environment and community health. NEW item — Jefferson County CO not in DB. (Dated May 19, before the window, but surfaced in June 16-18 Front Range roundups and is missing from the database.)", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.jeffco.us/m/newsflash/home/detail/2596", "title": "Jefferson County Issues Temporary Moratorium on Data Centers — Jefferson County, CO" }, { "url": "https://www.denver7.com/news/front-range/jefferson-county-imposes-temporary-moratorium-on-development-of-new-data-centers", "title": "Jefferson County imposes temporary moratorium on development of new data centers — Denver7" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "water" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "tooele-valley-ut-inland-port-opposition-2026-06-16", "jurisdiction": "Tooele Valley (Tooele County / Utah Inland Port Authority)", "state": "UT", "county": null, "county_lean": "R", "lat": 40.5308, "lng": -112.2983, "date": "2026-06-16", "action_type": [ "infrastructure_opposition", "public_comment" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": 1200, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Environmental and public-health groups (Utah Sierra Club, Great Salt Lake Audubon, Center for Biological Diversity, Utah Physicians for a Healthy Environment) are mobilizing opposition (June 16, 2026 action alert) to a Utah Inland Port Authority-backed, ~1,200-acre industrial/data center development in Tooele Valley near Burmester Rd and I-80, about 1.6 miles from Great Salt Lake wetlands. They jointly requested a public hearing on state discharge permit UT0026409, which would let the project release concentrated brine from a reverse-osmosis plant into wetlands; they argue the permit sets no enforceable limits on total dissolved solids, chloride, sodium or arsenic. Public comment deadline July 8, 2026; a UIPA meeting/rally is set for June 25, 2026 at the Utah Capitol. NEW item — distinct from the existing Tooele County study resolution (Resolution 2026-18).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.uphe.org/2026/06/16/help-stop-another-data-center-proposal-tooele/", "title": "Help STOP another data center proposal – Tooele — Utah Physicians for a Healthy Environment" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "environmental", "water", "air_quality", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "alaska-air-force-data-center-rlp-ak-2026-06-09", "jurisdiction": "Eielson AFB / Clear SFS / Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson (Interior & Southcentral Alaska)", "state": "AK", "county": null, "county_lean": null, "lat": 64.6657, "lng": -147.101, "date": "2026-06-09", "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "infrastructure_opposition" ], "status": "active", "scope": "federal", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The U.S. Department of the Air Force issued a Request for Land-use Proposals to potentially build and operate one or more AI data centers at three Alaska installations — Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Clear Space Force Station and Eielson AFB (five candidate parcels near Eielson/North Pole). At a June 9, 2026 community session, Interior Alaska residents raised concerns about water use, noise, and grid/billing impacts — three of the proposed sites would draw on the Golden Valley Electric Association grid. NEW item; federal-scope DOD siting effort. (RFLP/community response dated June 9, at the edge of the window; opposition is ongoing.)", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.alaskasnewssource.com/2026/06/09/us-military-plans-lease-alaska-land-ai-data-centers-community-responds/", "title": "U.S. military plans to lease Alaska land for AI data centers, community responds — Alaska's News Source" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "federal_agency", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "environmental", "grid_energy" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "house-energy-commerce-ratepayer-protection-markup-2026-06-22", "jurisdiction": "U.S. House Energy and Commerce Committee, Energy Subcommittee (data center / grid bill package incl. Ratepayer Protection Act)", "state": "US", "county": null, "county_lean": null, "lat": 38.8899, "lng": -77.0091, "date": "2026-06-22", "action_type": [ "legislation" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "federal", "company": null, "hyperscaler": "", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The House Energy & Commerce Committee scheduled an Energy Subcommittee markup (chaired by Rep. Bob Latta, R-Ohio) for Wednesday June 25, 2026 on a suite of electricity/data-center/grid bills — the first time House Republican leaders have rallied around concrete proposals on data-center-driven electricity rate hikes. The headline bill is the bipartisan Ratepayer Protection Act, introduced by Rep. Gabe Evans (R-CO-08) and co-sponsored by Energy Subcommittee Ranking Member Rep. Kathy Castor (D-FL-14), which would set standards for new large electricity users and require them to pay the full cost of grid/infrastructure upgrades, codifying the principle behind Trump's 'Ratepayer Protection Pledge' (a commitment by Amazon, Google, Meta, Microsoft, OpenAI, Oracle, and xAI to cover their own data-center energy costs). Other bills in the package: HR 6529 Protecting Families from AI Data Center Energy Costs Act (Rep. Greg Landsman, D-OH; FERC technical conference + report on data-center bill impacts); HR 9332 Load Forecasting Enhancement Act (Rep. Troy Balderson, R-OH; FERC demand-forecasting study); HR 9335 Advanced Transmission Technology to Reduce Rates Act (Rep. Craig Goldman, R-TX; DOE clearinghouse for advanced grid tech); HR 9339 Affordable Innovation for the Grid Act (Rep. Diana Harshbarger, R-TN; federal study on AI/computing for grid modernization); and HR 6633 High-Capacity Grid Act (Rep. Julie Fedorchak, R-ND; FERC advanced-conductor standards). As of June 22 the markup is upcoming (not yet voted); the in-window development is the scheduling and the bipartisan introduction of the Ratepayer Protection Act.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.eenews.net/articles/committee-sets-vote-on-data-center-grid-bills/", "title": "House panel sets vote on data center, grid bills (E&E News)" }, { "url": "https://energycommerce.house.gov/posts/chairman-guthrie-chairman-latta-and-rep-evans-on-the-introduction-of-the-ratepayer-protection-act", "title": "Guthrie, Latta, and Evans on the Introduction of the Ratepayer Protection Act (House E&C)" }, { "url": "https://castor.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=405231", "title": "Rep. Kathy Castor Introduces Bipartisan Bill Protecting Americans from Paying for Data Center Development" }, { "url": "https://www.rtoinsider.com/134759-data-center-ratepayer-protections-proposed-in-congress/", "title": "Data Center Ratepayer Protections Proposed in Congress (RTO Insider)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "federal_legislature", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "pittsburg-ca-avaio-opposition-2026-06-15", "jurisdiction": "Pittsburg", "state": "CA", "county": "Contra Costa County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 38.028, "lng": -121.8847, "date": "2026-06-15", "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "public_comment" ], "status": "active", "scope": "local", "company": "Avaio Digital", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": 96, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": 18803, "summary": "NEW fight. A change.org petition 'Stop the data center from coming to Pittsburg CA' created June 9, 2026 by resident Amhari Perkins (mother of two who first learned of the project via a council member's Facebook post) surged to ~13,000 signatures in its first week and reached 18,803 by June 22. The target is a 347,740-sq-ft, 96 MW data center with 37 diesel backup generators on the former Delta View Golf Course (first of three phases in the 'Pittsburg Technology Park'), developed by Avaio Digital and approved by the city in 2024. On June 15, over 300 residents packed the City Council meeting with 100+ public comments; the progressive group Indivisible Resisters Contra Costa, Pittsburg Unified teachers, and lifelong resident Mark Linde demanded a two-year moratorium and a citizens' oversight committee. Council promised further discussion. No hyperscaler named (Avaio is a developer, not a named Big Tech operator).", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.change.org/p/stop-the-data-center-from-coming-to-pittsburg-ca", "title": "Petition · Stop the data center from coming to Pittsburg CA - Change.org" }, { "url": "https://www.danvillesanramon.com/contra-costa-county/2026/06/22/residents-turn-out-to-oppose-data-center-in-contra-costa-county/", "title": "Residents turn out to oppose data center in Contra Costa County - Danville San Ramon" }, { "url": "https://abc7news.com/post/hundreds-show-pittsburg-city-council-meeting-opposing-data-center-development/19313397/", "title": "Massive data center projects spark backlash from Pittsburg and Gilroy communities - ABC7" }, { "url": "https://localnewsmatters.org/2026/06/16/hundreds-flood-pittsburg-council-meeting-to-oppose-data-center-at-former-golf-course/", "title": "Hundreds flood Pittsburg council meeting to oppose data center at former golf course - Local News Matters" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "water", "noise" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "escambia-county-fl-opposition-2026-06-17", "jurisdiction": "Escambia County", "state": "FL", "county": "Escambia County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 30.61, "lng": -87.34, "date": "2026-06-17", "action_type": [ "other_opposition", "public_comment", "study_or_report" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "NEW fight. On June 17, dozens of Escambia County residents packed county commission chambers for two hours opposing speculation that a large data center could come to northern Escambia, raising water, public-health and environmental-justice concerns. The crowd erupted in applause when County Attorney Alison Rogers said she would recommend an outright BAN (not merely a moratorium). A change.org petition, 'Escambia County Residents Say No to Data Centers' (spokesperson Brandy Johnson), is growing and signatures were delivered to commissioners. FloridaWest Economic Development CEO Chris Platé denied any active negotiations. Commission set July 23 to schedule a public hearing on a ban ordinance for the Aug. 6 meeting. No hyperscaler named.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://weartv.com/news/local/escambia-county-to-consider-banning-data-centers-floridawest-ceo-denies-negotiations", "title": "Escambia County to consider banning data centers; FloridaWest CEO denies negotiations - WEAR" }, { "url": "https://weartv.com/news/local/petition-grows-as-residents-warn-escambia-county-data-center-could-strain-resources", "title": "Petition grows as residents warn Escambia County data center could strain resources - WEAR" }, { "url": "https://www.change.org/p/escambia-county-residents-say-no-to-data-centers", "title": "Petition · Escambia County Residents Say No to Data Centers - Change.org" }, { "url": "https://www.wuwf.org/local-news/2026-06-18/national-data-center-debate-arrives-in-escambia-county", "title": "National data center debate arrives in Escambia County - WUWF" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "water", "community_impact", "environmental" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "carroll-county-ar-moratorium-2026-06-17", "jurisdiction": "Carroll County", "state": "AR", "county": "Carroll County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 36.34, "lng": -93.54, "date": "2026-06-17", "action_type": [ "moratorium", "ordinance" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "NEW fight. On June 17 the Carroll County (AR) Quorum Court unanimously passed a 12-month emergency moratorium blocking construction and authorization of 'high-impact industrial and high-intensity digital infrastructure facilities' — data centers, AI computing, and crypto mining. Co-sponsors Justices of the Peace Harrie Farrow and Jack Deaton filed it as an emergency ordinance so it could be heard and passed in a single meeting (the court meets monthly). Cited concerns about power/water consumption and non-disclosure contracts; took effect immediately. Distinct from the Carroll County, GA and Carroll County, MD entries already in the DB.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ky3.com/2026/06/17/carroll-county-unanimously-passes-1-year-moratorium-data-centers-other-high-intensity-digital-infrastructure-facilities/", "title": "Carroll County unanimously passes 1-year moratorium on data centers - KY3" }, { "url": "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-june-18-2026/", "title": "Data Centers: Daily Notes | June 18, 2026 - Strisker" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "versailles-ky-moratorium-2026-06-16", "jurisdiction": "Versailles", "state": "KY", "county": "Woodford County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 38.0528, "lng": -84.73, "date": "2026-06-16", "action_type": [ "moratorium" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "NEW fight. On June 16 the Versailles (Woodford County) City Council voted unanimously to enact a data center moratorium halting all related development through December 31, 2026, brought by Mayor Laura Dake and modeled on the Lexington-Fayette Urban County moratorium passed June 9. Gives the Planning Commission time to draft regulations. Related: Woodford County and the city of Midway are separately working on a data center ban (reported June 23), citing farmland-preservation concerns.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.lex18.com/news/covering-kentucky/versailles-city-council-enacts-moratorium-on-data-centers-through-2026", "title": "Versailles City Council enacts moratorium on data centers through 2026 - LEX18" }, { "url": "https://www.wkyt.com/2026/06/17/versailles-city-council-approves-data-center-moratorium/", "title": "Versailles City Council approves data center moratorium - WKYT" }, { "url": "https://www.wkyt.com/2026/06/23/woodford-county-midway-working-together-data-center-ban/", "title": "Woodford County, Midway working together on data center ban - WKYT" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "franklin-park-borough-pa-overlay-2026-06-17", "jurisdiction": "Franklin Park Borough", "state": "PA", "county": "Allegheny County", "county_lean": "D", "lat": 40.5868, "lng": -80.0917, "date": "2026-06-17", "action_type": [ "ordinance", "zoning_restriction" ], "status": "passed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "NEW preemptive regulation. On June 17 the Franklin Park Borough Council adopted Ordinance No. 697-2026 establishing a data center overlay district in the borough zoning map even though no application is pending. The rules set dimensional standards, landscape buffers, noise/vibration limits, water/sewer and power-supply requirements, emergency management, aesthetics, and decommissioning provisions — an early-signal proactive move to control 24/7 generator-backed facilities before any developer applies.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-june-18-2026/", "title": "Data Centers: Daily Notes | June 18, 2026 - Strisker" }, { "url": "https://www.franklinparkborough.us/", "title": "Franklin Park Borough, PA Official Website" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "win", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "noise", "water", "design_standards" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "bowling-green-ky-zoning-moratorium-rejected-2026-06-16", "jurisdiction": "Bowling Green", "state": "KY", "county": "Warren County", "county_lean": "R", "lat": 36.9685, "lng": -86.4808, "date": "2026-06-16", "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "moratorium" ], "status": "mixed", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "NEW item (no existing Bowling Green KY entry found). On June 16 the Bowling Green City Commission adopted data center zoning regulations (energy/water limits, noise controls, 1,500-ft residential buffer, decommissioning requirements) but REJECTED a moratorium for the second time in a 3-2 vote; the crowd erupted into chants of 'vote them out.' No projects currently proposed. Mixed outcome — residents got standards but not the pause they sought.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://writing.strisker.com/data-centers-daily-notes-june-17-2026/", "title": "Data Centers: Daily Notes | June 17, 2026 - Strisker" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "city_council", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "noise", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "pennsylvania-hb-2496-local-moratorium-pa-2026-06-18", "jurisdiction": "Pennsylvania (statewide)", "state": "PA", "county": null, "county_lean": null, "lat": 40.2732, "lng": -76.8867, "date": "2026-06-18", "action_type": [ "legislation", "moratorium" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "statewide", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 18, 2026, a Pennsylvania House committee unanimously advanced HB 2496 (Rep. Paul Friel, D-Chester), which would authorize municipalities to impose a pause of up to 180 days on data center application reviews via local resolution while they adopt, amend, or repeal data center zoning ordinances. The bill is framed as a fix for gaps in the existing curative-amendment process, which developers can circumvent by filing applications before new rules take effect. HB 2496 now advances to the full House for floor consideration, expected within a week. This is distinct from the earlier slate of PA data center bills that passed the House and stalled in the Senate.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.thecentersquare.com/pennsylvania/article_06f92bfc-34c1-430c-9487-375bde5c9415.html", "title": "Municipalities back 180-day data center moratoriums to create rules 'in peace' - The Center Square" }, { "url": "https://www.mychesco.com/a/news/government/pa-house-panel-advances-data-center-moratorium-bill/", "title": "Pa. House Panel Advances Data Center Moratorium Bill - MyChesCo" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "virginia-lucas-data-center-listening-tour-va-2026-06-15", "jurisdiction": "Virginia (statewide — Sen. Louise Lucas 'Data Center Listening Tour', Manassas & Chesterfield stops)", "state": "VA", "county": null, "county_lean": null, "lat": 37.5407, "lng": -77.436, "date": "2026-06-15", "action_type": [ "public_comment", "other_opposition" ], "status": "active", "scope": "statewide", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "In the days before the budget vote, Senate Finance Chair Louise Lucas (D-Portsmouth) ran a 'Data Center Listening Tour' to pressure lawmakers to end the data center sales tax exemption. The Manassas stop (June 15, 2026, Best Western Battlefield Inn) drew a standing-room crowd of ~230 residents from across Northern Virginia, joined by Sens. Danica Roem (Prince William), Russet Perry, and Kannan Srinivasan (Loudoun); the Chesterfield stop (June 16, 2026, Manchester Middle School) featured Sens. Mamie Locke and Mike Jones. Residents urged lawmakers to end the ~$1.9-2B/year tax break; Lucas blasted Gov. Spanberger over the exemption ('Data Center Diva,' 'pay their fair share'). The tour fed directly into the June 22 budget compromise. A statewide grassroots/advocacy event, not a binding vote.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.potomaclocal.com/2026/06/16/senate-leader-louise-lucas-blasts-1-9-billion-data-center-tax-breaks-at-manassas-listening-session-backs-tougher-gun-law-enforcement/", "title": "Senate Leader Louise Lucas Blasts $1.9 Billion Data Center Tax Breaks at Manassas Listening Session (Potomac Local)" }, { "url": "https://www.potomaclocal.com/2026/06/14/senator-louise-lucas-brings-data-center-listening-tour-to-manassas-with-local-lawmakers/", "title": "Senator Louise Lucas Brings Data Center Listening Tour to Manassas with Local Lawmakers (Potomac Local)" }, { "url": "https://www.insidenova.com/data-center-gluttony-sen-lucas-defies-gov-spanberger-at-manassas-town-hall-as-budget-deadline/article_58b2a1c3-106f-40ec-b1ff-a9783d355c7b.html", "title": "'Data center gluttony': Sen. Lucas defies Gov. Spanberger at Manassas town hall as budget deadline looms (InsideNoVa)" }, { "url": "https://www.loudounnow.com/news/perry-srinivasan-join-lucas-for-data-center-town-hall-ahead-of-budget-work/article_811f17d7-39e3-47a3-b03d-64aa5adb96be.html", "title": "Perry, Srinivasan Join Lucas for Data Center Town Hall Ahead of Budget Work (Loudoun Now)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "tax_incentive", "ratepayer", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "michigan-senate-dem-data-center-package-mi-2026-06-18", "jurisdiction": "Michigan (statewide — Senate Democrats data center package)", "state": "MI", "county": null, "county_lean": null, "lat": 42.7325, "lng": -84.5555, "date": "2026-06-18", "action_type": [ "legislation", "utility_regulation" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "statewide", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 18, 2026 Michigan Senate Democrats introduced a seven-bill package to regulate data centers (sponsors include Sens. Kevin Hertel, Erika Geiss, Mallory McMorrow, and Darrin Camilleri). Provisions: permitting for facilities using 550,000+ gallons/day with a 2 million gallon/day cap and infrastructure-upgrade costs not passed to residents; data centers must pay for at least 90% of their energy usage and source 90% clean energy, plus post collateral for closure; mandated union wages/labor agreements; community benefit agreements; a ban on certain NDAs; added public hearings; and Michigan Public Service Commission monitoring/reporting. Democrats rejected a statewide moratorium as ineffective. This is separate from Republican Sen. Jim Runestad's SB 1018-1020 (introduced June 4) proposing a one-year statewide moratorium.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://upnorthlive.com/news/local/data-center-regulation-michigan-bills-legislation-package-senate-democrats-politics-government-technology-state", "title": "Michigan Senate Democrats put forth several bills to regulate data centers — UpNorthLive" }, { "url": "https://michiganadvance.com/briefs/wortz-spearheads-bipartisan-effort-to-halt-data-center-construction-in-michigan/", "title": "Wortz spearheads bipartisan effort to halt data center construction in Michigan — Michigan Advance" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "water", "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "texas-abbott-data-center-priorities-tx-2026-06-10", "jurisdiction": "Texas (statewide)", "state": "TX", "county": null, "county_lean": null, "lat": 30.2672, "lng": -97.7431, "date": "2026-06-10", "action_type": [ "executive_action", "regulatory_action", "utility_regulation" ], "status": "active", "scope": "statewide", "company": null, "hyperscaler": "", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Gov. Greg Abbott on June 10, 2026 released six data center legislative priorities for the 2027 session and issued immediate directives to state agencies. Priorities: new facilities must add generation to the grid; data centers must pay their own interconnection/infrastructure costs; mandatory closed-loop water reuse; annual electricity/water reporting; best-practice noise/community standards; and eliminating the sales-tax exemption and 'other outdated or unnecessary incentives.' He directed the PUCT to initiate action by July 31 to reduce residential transmission costs and require data centers to pay all power-infrastructure costs, and ordered PUCT/ERCOT to submit a joint memorandum by July 17 documenting steps to prevent data-center costs from being shifted onto Texans. Notably, Abbott did NOT endorse expanding county authority over data centers, despite rural-county requests. This is a significant statewide shift toward ratepayer protection but stops short of the local-control/moratorium tools communities sought.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.texastribune.org/2026/06/10/texas-greg-abbott-data-centers-regulation-sales-tax/", "title": "Greg Abbott recommends data center industry crack down" }, { "url": "https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/5920754-abbott-texas-data-center-limits/", "title": "Greg Abbott seeks to impose new restrictions on Texas data centers" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "governor", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "mixed", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "ratepayer", "tax_incentive" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "oklahoma-frontier-nda-investigation-ok-2026-06-17", "jurisdiction": "Oklahoma (Sand Springs, Claremore, Coweta, Luther, Yukon, Stillwater)", "state": "OK", "county": null, "county_lean": null, "lat": 35.4676, "lng": -97.5164, "date": "2026-06-17", "action_type": [ "study_or_report", "other_opposition" ], "status": "active", "scope": "statewide", "company": null, "hyperscaler": "Google", "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "A June 17, 2026 Frontier investigation documented how data-center developers secured nondisclosure pledges from Oklahoma local officials, enabling secretive planning that circumvented open-meeting/transparency norms. Named: Beale Infrastructure (Claremore 'Project Mustang'; Coweta 'Project Atlas,' later abandoned), Google (Sand Springs 'Project Spring'), plus NDAs touching Luther, Yukon, and Stillwater. The story quotes Claremore's economic-development director arranging one-on-one commissioner briefings to avoid triggering a quorum/meeting notice. Rep. Jim Shaw's HB3030 — which would have barred officials from signing NDAs tied to public duties — died in committee without a hearing. Reported as context/lower-confidence (investigative reporting, not a discrete community vote); flagged because it implicates several Tulsa-area jurisdictions already tracked (Sand Springs, Claremore, Coweta, Yukon, Luther). Related: a Claremore public information meeting on Project Mustang is set for June 22, 2026.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.readfrontier.org/stories/how-data-center-developers-won-secrecy-pledges-from-oklahoma-officials/", "title": "How data center developers won secrecy pledges from Oklahoma officials - The Frontier" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "transparency", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "clark-county-nv-switch-expansion-2026-06-18", "jurisdiction": "Clark County", "state": "NV", "county": null, "county_lean": "D", "lat": 36.1699, "lng": -115.1398, "date": "2026-06-18", "action_type": [ "zoning_restriction", "other_opposition" ], "status": "approved", "scope": "local", "company": "Switch", "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "The Clark County Commission, sitting as the zoning board, voted unanimously on June 18, 2026 to approve Switch's nearly 57,000-sq-ft data center expansion on nine acres along Warm Springs Road west of Decatur Blvd. More than a dozen residents spoke against it during public comment, citing grid strain, energy use and water depletion. Switch withdrew requested landscaping waivers and agreed to a reinforced concrete pedestrian barrier. Commissioners signaled they will pursue a future data center ordinance (Commissioner Tick Segerblom: 'going forward we should look at having some type of a data center ordinance'). NEW item — Clark County not previously in DB for this action.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.route-fifty.com/infrastructure/2026/06/las-vegas-data-center-expansion-approved-officials-ponder-need-future-regulations/414270/", "title": "Las Vegas data center expansion approved as officials ponder need for future regulations — Route Fifty" }, { "url": "https://www.reviewjournal.com/news/politics-and-government/clark-county/switchs-plan-to-add-another-data-center-to-las-vegas-hq-moves-forward-3839760/", "title": "Switch proposal to add another data center to its Las Vegas headquarters moves forward — Las Vegas Review-Journal" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "county_commission", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "loss", "issue_category": [ "grid_energy", "water", "zoning" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "lordstown-oh-smr-bess-moratorium-2026-06-15", "jurisdiction": "Lordstown (Trumbull County)", "state": "OH", "county": null, "county_lean": "R", "lat": 41.1611, "lng": -80.854, "date": "2026-06-15", "action_type": [ "moratorium", "infrastructure_opposition" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "local", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "Separately from the data center freeze, Lordstown Village Council is advancing a 180-day moratorium on permits for businesses using small mobile (modular) reactors or battery energy storage systems (BESS). Council approved first readings of two motions, with the second reading set for June 15, 2026. Mayor Jackie Woodward said no company currently uses such equipment in the village but officials want time to research the technologies; the Moratorium Committee (chaired by Mark McGrail) is tasked with studying impacts and zoning. This is a NEW item distinct from the data center moratorium and is tied to powering/co-locating the Stargate-area development.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.tribtoday.com/news/local-news/2026/06/lordstown-eyes-moratorium-on-businesses-using-battery-storage-systems/", "title": "Lordstown eyes moratorium on businesses using battery storage systems - Tribune Chronicle" }, { "url": "https://www.wfmj.com/news/local-news/lordstown/lordstown-council-members-vote-on-moratoriums-concerning-data-centers/article_d3ae04a1-b7a7-48f4-b611-6fb377f06d5b.html", "title": "Lordstown council members vote on moratoriums concerning data centers - WFMJ" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "village_board", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "zoning", "grid_energy", "community_impact" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "stop-data-centers-coalition-launch-us-2026-06-11", "jurisdiction": "United States (national)", "state": "US", "county": null, "county_lean": null, "lat": 38.8899, "lng": -77.0091, "date": "2026-06-11", "action_type": [ "other_opposition" ], "status": "active", "scope": "federal", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": null, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "NEW multi-state campaign. Food & Water Watch and partners formally launched the 'Stop Data Centers Coalition' on June 11, 2026 with a 'No New Data Centers!' national day of action, uniting more than 500 organizations across 47 states behind a demand for a national moratorium on new AI data centers and passage of a federal 'AI Data Center Moratorium Act.' Named partners include Citizens Action Coalition, GreenLatinos, MediaJustice, North Carolina Environmental Justice Network, Our Revolution, Pennsylvania Physicians for Social Responsibility, and Third Act. Builds on a 2025 letter to Congress signed by 230+ groups. Reporting also cites the broader opposition ecosystem ballooning from ~396 active groups in late 2025 to 833+ by end of March 2026 across 49 states.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/2026/06/12/stop-data-centers-coalition/", "title": "The New Coalition Taking on Big Tech's AI Data Centers - Food & Water Watch" }, { "url": "https://fortune.com/2026/06/16/data-center-opposition-construction-delays-blocks-report/", "title": "Data center hate is snowballing; 2026 setbacks already exceed last year's, report finds - Fortune" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "advocacy_org", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "community_impact", "grid_energy", "water", "anti_ai" ], "flags": null }, { "id": "maryland-general-assembly-ratepayer-pjm-md-2026-06-17", "jurisdiction": "Maryland General Assembly (80 state lawmakers file support for OPC's FERC complaint on PJM data-center transmission cost allocation)", "state": "MD", "county": null, "county_lean": null, "lat": 38.9784, "lng": -76.4922, "date": "2026-06-17", "action_type": [ "regulatory_action", "utility_regulation" ], "status": "pending", "scope": "statewide", "company": null, "hyperscaler": null, "project_name": null, "investment_million_usd": 1600, "megawatts": null, "acreage": null, "building_sq_ft": null, "water_usage_gallons_per_day": null, "jobs_promised": null, "opposition_groups": [], "opposition_website": null, "opposition_facebook": null, "opposition_instagram": null, "opposition_twitter": null, "petition_url": null, "petition_signatures": null, "summary": "On June 17, 2026, a group of 80 Maryland state lawmakers filed a statement of support at FERC backing the Maryland Office of People's Counsel complaint (filed early May 2026) over PJM's transmission cost-allocation methodology. They argue PJM improperly socializes the cost of transmission built primarily to serve out-of-state data centers (Virginia's 'Data Center Alley') across all ratepayers, exposing Maryland customers to ~$1.6B over the next decade, and ask FERC to order PJM to make data centers pay for the transmission projects they cause. With ~80,000 MW of data center growth projected over 20 years, the filing escalates a multi-state ratepayer-protection front running parallel to FERC's RM26-4 action. This is an in-window procedural escalation of the existing Maryland OPC FERC complaint.", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.utilitydive.com/news/maryland-ratepayer-advocate-ferc-data-center-complaint-transmission/823244/", "title": "Maryland lawmakers back data center transmission cost complaint at FERC (Utility Dive)" } ], "data_source": "web_scrape_2026-06", "last_updated": "2026-06-22", "authority_level": "state_legislature", "objective": null, "community_outcome": "pending", "issue_category": [ "ratepayer", "grid_energy" ], "flags": null } ]